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1098. Special Seminar with FAO Chief Economist to be held in Tokyo on October 8

JIRCAS and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries will jointly host a special seminar titled "Priority Policies and Investment Options for Global Food and Nutrition Security and Resilient Food Systems" on Tuesday, October 8, 2024, featuring Mr. Maximo Torero, Chief Economist of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
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1097. Methane Emissions Have Increased at an Unprecedented Rate Over the Past Five Years

Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. Under the Global Methane Pledge, more than 150 countries have pledged to reduce methane emissions by 30% over a decade, but a study published on September 10 found that methane emissions have increased at an unprecedented rate over the past five years, with most emissions coming from agriculture and waste.
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1096. Climate and SDG synergies

Given the fact that more than 80% of the SDGs are climate-related, there is no room for a disjointed response to climate change and the achievement of the SDGs. Here we present one of the themes of this month's Fifth Global Synergy Conference and The UN Summit of the Future, the UN report on strategies for maximizing synergies between climate action and the Sustainable Development Goals.
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1095. Global Food Price Trends for August 2024

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) released its global food price trends on September 6. The average value in August 2024 was 120.7 points, a slight decline from the previous month as the decline in the sugar, meat and grain price index outpaced the increase in vegetable oil and dairy prices. This was 1.1% lower than the previous year and 24.7% lower than the historic high of 160.3 points in March 2022.
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1094. JIRCAS Awarded at Thailand National Science and Technology Fair 2024

The Thailand National Science and Technology Fair is the largest science and technology exhibition in Thailand, held annually. This year, it was held for 10 days from August 16 to 25 at the IMPACT Exhibition and Conference Center in Nonthaburi Province. During the exhibition, there were about 200,000 visitors, mainly local elementary, junior high, and high school students.
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1093. International Food Security Assessment, 2024–34

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has released its 2024-34 International Food Security Assessment. Food security is expected to improve significantly by 2034 due to the prospect of an improvement in GDP per capita in the former Soviet Union countries and in South and Southeast Asia. Meanwhile, grain demand is expected to grow on average by 2.4% annually over the next decade, mainly driven by income growth in Asia and population growth in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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1092. Healthy, Sustainable, and Culturally Acceptable Diets

Changing our diet is one of the most important actions we can take to reduce the environmental impact of our food system and improve our health. An op-ed in the journal Nature Food argues that the cultural heritage, values, and preferences of the people of the target region need to be taken into account in order to promote healthy and sustainable eating habits.
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1091. Attribution Science for Loss and Damage

Extreme weather events around the world are disproportionately hitting vulnerable developing countries. In response to this, there is an urgent call for loss and damage funds. The paper, published in PNAS Nexus, proposed a vision for integrating multiple methods for attribution science that analyze the causal relationship between extreme events and anthropogenic climate change for investment decision-making.
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1090. Significance of the Anthropocene Concept

Since 2009, the Geological Society and other organizations have been discussing the Anthropocene as a new geological epoch, but the proposal was rejected in March 2024. Nevertheless, the concept of the Anthropocene, which reflects the anthropogenic phenomena that have significantly altered the Earth system since the mid-20th century, is certainly useful for the natural sciences, social sciences, humanities, and policy. An August 26 editorial in Nature discussed the significance of the Anthropocene.
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1089. Climate Records for 2023

The State of the Climate in 2023 was published in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (BAMS), confirming that the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the global average temperature on land and in the sea, sea level, and ocean heat content have reached record highs.
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1088. Ancient Wild Relatives Hold Key to Climate-Proofing Global Wheat Supply

https://www.cimmyt.org/news/ancient-wild-relatives-hold-key-to-climate-proofing-global-wheat-supply/Crop wild relatives that have survived changing climates for millions of years may provide the solution to adapting wheat, humanity's most widely grown crop, to climate change. Two new studies led by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) reveal how tapping into this ancient genetic diversity can revolutionize wheat breeding and safeguard global food security.
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1087. Using AI for Global Food Security

In recent years, there has been a growing expectation for artificial intelligence (AI) in the agri-food sector as well. The paper, published in the journal Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture, highlights the potential of AI to fundamentally change the way food is produced, distributed, and managed, ensuring food security and a sustainable future.
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1086. Food Loss and Waste

In a world where 29% of the world's population is moderately or severely food insecure, it is difficult to accept the fact that food loss and waste account for about one-third of total food production. Nature Food presents a discussion of the root causes, impacts, and solutions to the problem of loss and waste in the food system.
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1085. Equity Weighting for the Social Cost of Carbon

The Social Cost of Carbon Dioxide (SCC) refers to the additional damage to society from additional carbon dioxide emissions. The higher the level, the stronger the incentives for addressing climate change. An op-ed published in the journal Science shows that the new income-weighting guidelines for United States that take into account the global impact of climate change will significantly increase SCC, which could transform benefit-cost analysis of United States climate policy.
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1084. The Need to Simultaneously Address Biodiversity and Climate Change

Later this year, world leaders will convene for two separate international conferences to tackle biodiversity loss and climate change. A paper published in the Journal of Applied Ecology highlighted the need to address biodiversity and climate change issues simultaneously.
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1083. Planetary Trust for Intergenerational Equity

Ahead of the UN Summit of the Future to be held in September 2024, the Planetary Trust concept is attracting attention as a foundation for conserving the Earth System to achieve intergenerational equity.
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1082.Challenges with Food System Transformation Intervention Assessments

The process of food system transformation is complex and unpredictable. A paper published in The Journal of Nutrition suggests the importance of using the Theories of Change to design flexible intervention and evaluation methods using multiple methods, assuming a variety of outcomes, including trade-offs, synergies, and unintended consequences, in order to rigorously assess the impact of food system interventions.
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1081. Building a Sustainable Food Supply Chain

In order to ensure that the world's population is adequately fed, we rely on a highly intertwined food supply chain. The World Economic Forum blog discusses the importance of multi-layered cooperation and partnerships among food supply chain actors.
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1080. Southeast Asia Liaison Office News: Thailand National Science and Technology Fair 2024 Opens

The Thailand National Science and Technology Fair 2024 (NST), the largest science and technology fair in Thailand, opened on August 16th (running until August 25th), attracting approximately 200,000 Thai students.
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1079. A New Crisis for the Earth System

A paper published last September concluded that, of the nine planetary boundaries, six have crossed the danger zone: climate change, biosphere integrity, biogeochemical cycles (nitrogen and phosphorus), land use change, freshwater use, and novel entities. A paper published in Nature Ecology and Evolution on July 15 proposed that aquatic deoxygenation, observed in both freshwater and saltwater ecosystems around the world, should be considered as a new planetary boundary.