On July 12, 2021, the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Secretariat released a draft of the Global Biodiversity Framework, which will serve as a guideline for action to be taken by the world by 2030.

The framework sets four ultimate goals to realize by 2050 the vision “living in harmony with nature" adopted by the parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in 2010.

A) All ecosystems are enhanced and their area, connectivity and integrity are increased by at least 15 percent; the rate of extinction is reduced by at least a factor of 10; the risk of species extinction is halved; the genetic diversity of wild and domesticated species is protected; and genetic diversity in all species is maintained by at least 90 percent.

B) The benefits of nature are valued, maintained and enhanced through conservation and sustainable use in support of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

C) The benefits from the use of genetic resources are distributed fairly and equitably, and both monetary and non-monetary benefits are substantially increased, including through the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.

D) The gap between available funding and other means of implementation, and what is needed to achieve the 2050 Vision is closed.

The framework includes 10 milestones and 21 targets to be achieved by 2030 toward this goal, and calls for, among other things, the following action steps to be taken by the world by 2030.

• At least 30% of the world's land and sea areas (areas of particular importance for biodiversity and humanity) are effectively and equitably managed and conserved through systems of protected areas (or other effective community-based conservation measures).
• Reduce the introduction of invasive alien species by at least 50% and manage or eradicate them to eliminate or reduce their impacts.
• Reduce by at least half the amount of fertilizer and two-thirds the amount of pesticides lost to the environment, and eliminate the disposal of plastics.
• Reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 10 GtCO2e CO2 equivalent per year as a measure to mitigate global climate change, and ensure that all mitigation and adaptation measures avoid negative impacts on biodiversity.
• Reduce incentives harmful to biodiversity by at least $500 billion per year by redirecting, repurposing, reforming or eliminating them in a fair and equitable manner.
• Increase international financial flows to developing countries from all sources by $200 billion.

This draft framework took more than two years to develop, and after further refinement, it will be discussed at the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP15) to the CBD to be held in Kunming, China from October 11 to 24.

To learn more about the CBD, click here.

• International Biodiversity Day 2021 - We’re Part of the Solution -https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/proc/blog/20210521
• Living Planet Report 2020: Bending the Curve of Biodiversity Loss https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200916
• Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200928
• One Planet Summit for Biodiversity https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20210127

References
Press Release: 1st Draft of The Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework
https://www.unep.org/resources/publication/1st-draft-post-2020-global-b…
1st Draft of The Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework
https://www.cbd.int/doc/c/abb5/591f/2e46096d3f0330b08ce87a45/wg2020-03-…

Contributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Information and Public Relations Office)