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1357. Third-warmest September on Record amid Persistently High Ocean Temperature
According to the Copernicus Climate Change Service, September 2025 was the third-warmest September on record, with global mean sea surface temperatures (SST) also reaching the third-highest on record for that month.
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1356. The Potential of Low-Carbon Ammonia Fertilizer
Ammonia plays a vital role in the global fertilizer sector, supporting both agricultural production and food security. This article from the Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS) introduces the potential of low-carbon ammonia fertilizer.
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1355. Impact of Climate Change on Food Intake, Appetite, and Dietary Choices
Climate change is recognized as a major factor affecting food security in terms of food availability, access, utilization, and stability. This special issue of Appetite brings together studies examining physiological responses, adaptations of vulnerable populations, and sustainable dietary transitions, highlighting the urgent need for climate-resilient food systems and equitable nutrition interventions.
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1354. Healthy, Sustainable, and Just Food Systems
The first EAT-Lancet Commission report was published in 2019, advocating a planetary health diet (PHD) that emphasizes the consumption of primarily plant-based foods. The EAT-Lancet Commission's latest analysis, recently published, adds analysis of the social foundations of just food systems and incorporates new data and perspectives to provide a global concept of equity in food systems.
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1353. World Food Price Trends, September 2025
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) released its world food price forecast on October 3rd. The average for September 2025 was 128.8 points, down slightly from the revised August figure of 129.7 points. Declines in the cereal, dairy, sugar, and vegetable oil indices outweighed the increase in the meat index. Overall, the price index increased 3.4% from September 2024, but remained 19.6% below its peak in March 2022.
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1352. Consecutive Heatwaves Threaten Global Food Production
As global warming progresses, extreme weather events are occurring more frequently in succession. A study published in Environmental Research Letters shows that such consecutive heatwaves pose a serious threat to global food production. This study also highlights the need to strengthen food system resilience and consider complex climate change issues to avoid the societal impacts of increasingly complex climate risks.
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1351. Release of "Technical Catalog Ver. 4.0" to Contribute to Production Potential and Sustainability in the Asia-Monsoon Region
On October 1, 2025, JIRCAS released version 4.0 of the "Technology Catalog Contributing to Production Potential and Sustainability in the Asia-Monsoon Region (hereinafter referred to as the Technology Catalog Ver. 4.0)" on its official website.
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1350. Systems Shift for Climate-Resilient Agriculture in South Asia
South Asia is experiencing the full range of climate change impacts, from glacial outburst floods to heat waves, droughts, and fires. An editorial in Nature Climate Change offers insights into systems shifts for climate-resilient agriculture.
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1349. Planetary Health Check 2025
To protect Earth's resilience and stability, we must restore it within its planetary boundaries. These boundaries are scientifically defined guardrails that ensure the planet's health. Violating them risks irreversible damage to our own life support systems. The Planetary Health Check 2025 report finds that seven of the nine boundaries have already been violated as of today.
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1348. International Day of Awareness of Food Loss and Waste
September 29th is the International Day of Awareness of Food Loss and Waste (IDAFLW). With five years left to achieve Target 12.3 of Sustainable Development Goal 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), action to reduce food loss and waste must be accelerated immediately.
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1347. JIRCAS International Symposium 2025
The JIRCAS International Symposium, titled ‘Accelerating Application of Agricultural Technologies in the Asia-Monsoon Region: Taking Stock and the Way Forward for Enhancing Production Potentials and Sustainable Food Systems’ will be held in a hybrid format (at Hitotsubashi Hall and online) on October 27, 2025.
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1346. Circular Bioeconomy and Traditional Knowledge
Global interest in the circular bioeconomy is growing, with governments and industry adopting the concept as a framework for minimizing resource depletion, encouraging regenerative agriculture, and promoting the reuse and recycling of bioindustrial by-products. An editorial in Nature Food emphasized the importance of traditional knowledge, which is equally important to scientific knowledge, in the bioeconomy.
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1345. Food System Transformation: Rationale and Methodology
Transforming the global food system and achieving a resilient and sustainable food future is one of the most urgent challenges facing humanity. A paper published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences discusses the rationale and methodology for food system transformation.
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1344. Irregularities in the Water Cycle
Water underpins our societies, fuels our economies, and sustains our ecosystems. However, the world's water resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and at the same time, more serious water disasters are having a greater impact on people's lives and livelihoods. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO)'s new report, the State of Global Water Resources 2024, highlights the increasingly irregular and extreme nature of the water cycle, with floods and droughts alternating, and the cascading impacts of water surpluses or shortages on economies and societies.
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1343. Declining Carbon Sinks on Terrestrial Surfaces
Terrestrial ecosystems absorb approximately one-third of anthropogenic carbon emissions, making them a key component of climate change mitigation strategies. However, an editorial in Nature Climate Change points out that recent evidence suggests limitations on terrestrial carbon sinks and mitigation potential.
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1342. Food Security Outlook for Low- and Middle-Income Countries Over the Next 10 Years
According to a report published by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), food security is projected to improve in most 83 low- and middle-income countries over the next 10 years, while food insecurity is expected to persist in some regions.
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1341. Report on the Side Event of the Follow-up Meeting of the UN Food Systems Summit
On July 27, JIRCAS held a side event with partners from Japan, Ethiopia, Vietnam, and Uganda. The report from the event has been published on the UNFSS+4 Side Events website.
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1340. International Day of Science, Technology and Innovation for the South
The International Day of Science, Technology and Innovation for the South, observed on September 16, provides an opportunity to reaffirm that promoting science, technology and innovation is essential not only to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and leaving no one behind, but also to creating a more equitable, participatory, and inclusive world.
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1339. The Relationship Between Climate Change and Sugar Consumption
Extremely hot weather increases fluid loss due to increased metabolic activity, which in turn increases the need for hydration and encourages consumption of cold foods such as frozen drinks and desserts. A study published in Nature Climate Change used household-level food purchasing data in the United States from 2004 to 2019 to find that added sugar consumption is positively correlated with temperature.
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1338. Cumulative Impacts on Global Marine Ecosystems Projected to Double by the Mid-21st Century
As pressures from human activities are expected to affect marine ecosystems globally, planning for a sustainable future requires predicting the distribution of cumulative impacts from multiple pressures. A paper published in Science predicts that the cumulative impacts of human activities on global marine ecosystems will double by the mid-21st century, and that future impacts will be uneven across regions, with the highest average impacts expected in both tropical and polar regions.