Although information about the hydrologic and ecological features of lowland evergreen forests in central Cambodia has been collected since the beginning of the 21st century, measurements of the transpiration process remain very limited. This paper describes the differences detected in transpiration (q) and crown-level stomatal conductance (G_S) between Calophyllum inophyllum (which undergoes successive leaf exchange) and Drypetes sp. (which performs irregular leaf exchange) (hereafter referred to as Calophyllum and Drypetes, respectively), and the analysis of these differences in consideration of their contrasting leaf phenologies. We evaluated q using sap flow measurements and obtained daily G_S values. Calophyllum and Drypetes had high and low periods between which q and G_S differed significantly. Within high/low periods, smaller scatter in the plot of G_S versus vapour pressure deficit (D) was found in Calophyllum compared to Drypetes. For a given value of D, q in high periods was 1.3 and 1.9 times larger than in low periods for Calophyllum and Drypetes, respectively. The smaller scatter for Calophyllum was the result of relatively constant physiological activity that was maintained by successive leaf fall. For both species, high periods were recorded after remarkable leaf-fall events; thus, our current data implied that leaf phenology is one of the most important factors affecting transpiration.