The paper reviews the global and regional (Asian) trends of livestock production and future prospects of livestock development activities with particular emphasis on feed resources for ruminants. Of the estimated world feed consumption of 4 billion tons (barley equivalent) in recent years, roughage accounts for 75-80%. Almost 650 million tons of coarse grains and wheat, i.e. nearly half of the world output of cereals (excluding paddy rice) have been consumed as animal feed each year. Although grain feeding has been traditional for non-ruminant livestock, in the recent beef and milk production systems, a larger amount of concentrate feedstuffs tends to be consumed. In Asian developing countries, grains are seldom fed to cattle and buffaloes. FAO strategies to increase the availability of ruminant feed resources involve among others: 1) Better Utilization of Natural Pasture Lands, 2) Forests as a Source of Animal Feed, 3) Use of Urea-treated Straw, 4) Use of Urea-Molasses Blocks, 5) Utilization of Agro-industrial Waste/By-products and 6) Exploitation of Non-conventional Feeds.