Global warming is expected to have serious effects on nature and society. The agricultural, forestry, andfishing industries have faced challenges with the increasing frequency of abnormal climate events, such asflooding and drought. These climate changes, along with soil degradation, have caused damages to cropproduction. In the light of these situations, in 2013, Japan International Research Center for AgriculturalSciences (JIRCAS) launched a research project on development of drought-tolerant rice and wheat fordeveloping countries in collaboration with the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), the InternationalCenter for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT). We have identified 14 genes involved in the drought tolerance and three stress-induciblepromoters. These genes were introduced into lowland rice variety IR64, upland rice variety Curinga andNERICA, wheat variety Fielder. In addition, in order to remove unexpected DNA fragments inserted duringtransformation or cultivation, we carried out a cleaning of genetic background by backcrossing with theparental variety. We also addressed to pile up drought tolerance genes or QTLs, to confer more tolerance tothe promising lines. Based on physiological traits and grain yield under drought stress conditions in agreenhouse and confined field, we have so far narrowed-down following promising lines of IR64, Curinga,NERICA, and Fielder.