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  2. Local Vegetables of Thailand

Functional activity index

A

analgesic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Glinus oppositifolius Molluginaceae Phak khuang, sadao din, phak khee khuang, phak khom
anti-hepatitis B
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Araliaceae Lawn pennywort (English); chidomegusa (Japanese) Phak-nor
anti-inflammatory
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Artocarpus heterophyllus Moraceae Jackfruit (English); paramitsu (Japanese) Khanoon on
Barringtonia acutangula Barringtoniaceae Freshwater mangrove (English) Chik naa
Bauhinia purpurea Fabaceae Bauhinia (English); murasaki mokuwan-ju (Japanese) Phak-siew
Colocasia esculenta Araceae Wild taro (English); satoimo (Japanese) Bon
Cucumis melo Cucurbitaceae Thai melon (English); makuwa uri (Japanese) Tang-thai
Curcuma longa Zingiberaceae Turmeric (English); ukon (Japanese) Khamin
Dioscorea bulbifera Dioscoreaceae Aerial yam, potato yam (English); niga kashyu (Japanese) Man mo
Hibiscus sabdariffa Malvaceae Roselle, Jamaican sorrel (English) ; rozensou (Japanese) Krachiap daeng
Lasia spinosa Araceae Lasia (English) ; mizuyatsude (Japanese) Phak naam
Momordica cochinchinensis Cucurbitaceae Giant spine gourd (English); nanban kikarasuuri (Japanese) Fak khao
Moringa oleifera Moringaceae Moringa, horseradish tree, drumstick tree (English); wasabinoki (Japanese) Ma-room
Ocimum gratissimum Lamiaceae Shrubby basil (English) Yeera, kaprao yuan, horapaa chang
Ocimum tenuiflorum Lamiaceae Holy basil, sacred basil (English); kamimeboki (Japanese) Kaprao
Raphanus sativus Brassicaceae Radish (English); hatsuka daikon (Japanese) Phak khee huut
Solanum melongena Solanaceae Makeua yaw
Solanum nigrum Solanaceae
Solanum torvum Solanaceae Makheua puang
Solanum violaceum Solanaceae Mawaeng-ton
Terminalia chebula Combretaceae Chebulic myrobalan, myrobalan wood (English); mirobaran (Japanese) Sam-o thai
Zingiber officinale Zingiberaceae Ginger (English); shoga (Japanease) Khing, khing-daeng
antiallergic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Zingiber officinale Zingiberaceae Ginger (English); shoga (Japanease) Khing, khing-daeng
antiangiogenic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Basella alba Basellaceae Ceylon spinach (English); tsurumurasaki (Japanese) Phak plang
Canavalia gladiata Fabaceae Sword bean (English); natamame (Japanese) Thua phraa, thua daap, thua faa
antianxiety
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Citrus aurantium Rutaceae Bitter orange, Seville orange (English); dai-dai (Japanese) Som-saa
antibacterial
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Abelmoschus esculentus Malvaceae Okra (English); okura (Japanese) Krachieb khieo, krachieb mon
Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Elephant apple, wood apple (English); Berunoki　(Japanese) Matoom
Brassica juncea Brassicaceae Indian/Chinese mustard (English); karashina (Japanese) Phakkat-khieo, khat naa
Cucurbita moschata Cucurbitaceae Pumpkin (English); kabocha (Japanese) Fak-thong
anticancer
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Neem tree (English); indosendan (Japanese) Sadao
Citrus aurantium Rutaceae Bitter orange, Seville orange (English); dai-dai (Japanese) Som-saa
Colocasia esculenta Araceae Wild taro (English); satoimo (Japanese) Bon
Coriandrum sativum Apiaceae Coriander, Chinese parsley (English); pakuchi, korianda (Japanese) Phakchi
Cucurbita moschata Cucurbitaceae Pumpkin (English); kabocha (Japanese) Fak-thong
Lycopersicon esculentum Solanaceae Tomato (English) Makheua som, makheua thet
Ottelia alismoides Hydrocharitaceae Mizu obako (Japanese) Santawa
Zingiber officinale Zingiberaceae Ginger (English); shoga (Japanease) Khing, khing-daeng
anticomplement
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Benincasa hispida Cucurbitaceae Wax gourd (English); togan (Japanese) Fak, fang
antidiabetic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Abelmoschus esculentus Malvaceae Okra (English); okura (Japanese) Krachieb khieo, krachieb mon
Cajanus cajan Fabaceae Pigeon pea (English); kimame (Japanese) Thua ma hae
Colocasia esculenta Araceae Wild taro (English); satoimo (Japanese) Bon
Cucumis sativus Cucurbitaceae Cucumber (English); kyuri (Japanese) Tangkwaa
Cucurbita moschata Cucurbitaceae Pumpkin (English); kabocha (Japanese) Fak-thong
Curcuma longa Zingiberaceae Turmeric (English); ukon (Japanese) Khamin
Ipomoea aquatica Convolvulaceae Water spinach (English); yosai, kushinsai (Japanese) Phakbung
Ipomoea batatas Convolvulaceae Sweet potato (English); satsumaimo (Japanese) Man ted
Terminalia chebula Combretaceae Chebulic myrobalan, myrobalan wood (English); mirobaran (Japanese) Sam-o thai
antidiarrhoeal
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Colocasia gigantea Araceae Giant taro (English); hasuimo, taroimo (Japanese) Tuun, khuun
antifungal
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Elephant apple, wood apple (English); Berunoki　(Japanese) Matoom
antimalarial
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Spilanthes paniculata Compositae Yari sennichimodoki (Japanese) Phak khraat
antimicrobial
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Cajanus cajan Fabaceae Pigeon pea (English); kimame (Japanese) Thua ma hae
Colocasia gigantea Araceae Giant taro (English); hasuimo, taroimo (Japanese) Tuun, khuun
Curcuma longa Zingiberaceae Turmeric (English); ukon (Japanese) Khamin
Garcinia cowa Clusiaceae Kowa ganboji (Japanese) Chamuang
Glinus oppositifolius Molluginaceae Phak khuang, sadao din, phak khee khuang, phak khom
Lycopersicon esculentum Solanaceae Tomato (English) Makheua som, makheua thet
Tamarindus indica Fabaceae Tamarind (English); tamarindo (Japanease) Ma kham
Zingiber officinale Zingiberaceae Ginger (English); shoga (Japanease) Khing, khing-daeng
antimutagenic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Alpinia galanga Zingiberaceae Galanga (English); Nankyou (Japanese) Khaa, kha taa daeng
Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Neem tree (English); indosendan (Japanese) Sadao
Boesenbergia rotunda Zingiberaceae Chinese key, fingerroot (English); obangajutsu (Japanese) Krachaai
Ipomoea batatas Convolvulaceae Sweet potato (English); satsumaimo (Japanese) Man ted
Oroxylum indicum Bignoniaceae Midnight horror (English); sorizayanoki (Japanese) Phe kaa
Trachyspermum roxburghianum Apiaceae Phakchee rai, phak sangae
antineuroinflammatory
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Cratoxylum formosum Guttiferae Tiew
antiobesity (candidate)
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Acacia concinna Fabaceae Nemukazura (Japanese) Sompoi
antiobesity
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Citrus aurantium Rutaceae Bitter orange, Seville orange (English); dai-dai (Japanese) Som-saa
Cucurbita moschata Cucurbitaceae Pumpkin (English); kabocha (Japanese) Fak-thong
Morinda citrifolia Rubiaceae Noni (English); yaeyama aoki (Japanese) Yor-baan
antioxidant
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Amaranthus spp. Amaranthaceae Amaranth (English); hiyu, hageito (Japanese) Phakkhom suan, phakkhom, phak hom
Amomum testaceum Zingiberaceae Best cardamom, Siam cardamom (English) Krawaan
Artemisia lactiflora Compositae Sagebrush (English); yomogina (Japanese) Kaeo mueang cheen, dok kaeo mueang cheen
Bombax ceiba Malvaceae Kapok tree, red cotton tree (English); kiwata (Japanese) Ngieo-daeng
Brassica juncea Brassicaceae Indian/Chinese mustard (English); karashina (Japanese) Phakkat-khieo, khat naa
Cajanus cajan Fabaceae Pigeon pea (English); kimame (Japanese) Thua ma hae
Cleome gynandra Cleomaceae Spider flower (English); fu-choso (Japanese) Phak sian
Colocasia gigantea Araceae Giant taro (English); hasuimo, taroimo (Japanese) Tuun, khuun
Coriandrum sativum Apiaceae Coriander, Chinese parsley (English); pakuchi, korianda (Japanese) Phakchi
Cratoxylum formosum Guttiferae Tiew
Cucumis melo Cucurbitaceae Thai melon (English); makuwa uri (Japanese) Tang-thai
Cucumis sativus Cucurbitaceae Cucumber (English); kyuri (Japanese) Tangkwaa
Hibiscus sabdariffa Malvaceae Roselle, Jamaican sorrel (English) ; rozensou (Japanese) Krachiap daeng
Ipomoea batatas Convolvulaceae Sweet potato (English); satsumaimo (Japanese) Man ted
Lagenaria siceraria Cucurbitaceae Bottle gourd (English); yugao (Japanese) Namtao
Leucaena leucocephala Fabaceae Ipil-ipil (English); ginnemu (Japanese) Kratin thai
Lycopersicon esculentum Solanaceae Tomato (English) Makheua som, makheua thet
Nymphaea lotus Nymphaeaceae Water lily (English); nettai suiren (Japanese) Bua kin saai
Parkia speciosa Fabaceae Patai (English); nejire fusamame (Japanese) Sator
Pisum sativum Fabaceae Garden pea, sugar pea (English); endo (Japanese) Thua lan tao
Solanum americanum Solanaceae
Solanum nigrum Solanaceae
Terminalia chebula Combretaceae Chebulic myrobalan, myrobalan wood (English); mirobaran (Japanese) Sam-o thai
Trichosanthes cucumerina Cucurbitaceae Snake gourd, snake cucumber (English) ; hebiuri (Japanease) Buab ngoo
Zingiber officinale Zingiberaceae Ginger (English); shoga (Japanease) Khing, khing-daeng
antioxidant (young shoots, leaves)
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Anacardium occidentale Anacardiaceae Cashewnut tree (English)；Kashu nattonoki (Japanese) Mamuang himmaphaan
antiplasmodial
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Diplazium esculentum Athyriaceae Paco (English); kuware sida (Japanese) Phak kuut khaao
antipyretic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Garcinia cowa Clusiaceae Kowa ganboji (Japanese) Chamuang
antiradical
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Ipomoea aquatica Convolvulaceae Water spinach (English); yosai, kushinsai (Japanese) Phakbung
antitumour promoting
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Alpinia galanga Zingiberaceae Galanga (English); Nankyou (Japanese) Khaa, kha taa daeng
antiviral
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Bombax ceiba Malvaceae Kapok tree, red cotton tree (English); kiwata (Japanese) Ngieo-daeng
Moringa oleifera Moringaceae Moringa, horseradish tree, drumstick tree (English); wasabinoki (Japanese) Ma-room
Tamarindus indica Fabaceae Tamarind (English); tamarindo (Japanease) Ma kham
α-amylase inhibitory
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Dregea volubilis Apocynaceae Kratung-maba
α-glucosidase inhibitory
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Dregea volubilis Apocynaceae Kratung-maba
Solanum americanum Solanaceae
Symplocos cochinchinensis Symplocaceae Aobanoki (Japanese) Meut miang

C

chemo-preventive
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Abelmoschus esculentus Malvaceae Okra (English); okura (Japanese) Krachieb khieo, krachieb mon
cytotoxic against cancer cell lines
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Anacardium occidentale Anacardiaceae Cashewnut tree (English)；Kashu nattonoki (Japanese) Mamuang himmaphaan
Basella alba Basellaceae Ceylon spinach (English); tsurumurasaki (Japanese) Phak plang
Cissampelos pareira Menispermaceae Kreua-ma-noi
Curcuma longa Zingiberaceae Turmeric (English); ukon (Japanese) Khamin
Curcuma mangga Zingiberaceae Mango ginger (English) Khamin-khao
Dillenia indica Dilleniaceae Elephant apple, chulta (English); biwa modoki (Japanese) Saan, ma-tad
Ficus fistulosa Moraceae Akameinubiwa (Japanese) Ching
Glinus oppositifolius Molluginaceae Phak khuang, sadao din, phak khee khuang, phak khom
Ipomoea aquatica Convolvulaceae Water spinach (English); yosai, kushinsai (Japanese) Phakbung
Leucaena leucocephala Fabaceae Ipil-ipil (English); ginnemu (Japanese) Kratin thai
Luffa acutangula Cucurbitaceae Angled loofah, angled gourd (English); tokado hechima (Japanese) Buap liam
Momordica charantia Cucurbitaceae Wild bitter gourd (English); nigauri (Japanese) Mara ki nok
Nymphaea lotus Nymphaeaceae Water lily (English); nettai suiren (Japanese) Bua kin saai
Oroxylum indicum Bignoniaceae Midnight horror (English); sorizayanoki (Japanese) Phe kaa
Peperomia pellucida Piperaceae Peperomia (English); usuba sunakosho (Japanese) Phak krasang
Raphanus sativus Brassicaceae Radish (English); hatsuka daikon (Japanese) Phak khee huut
Sauropus androgynus Phyllanthaceae Amameshiba (Japanese) Phak wan baan
Scoparia dulcis Plantaginaceae Macao tea (English); seitaka kanabikiso (Japanese) Krot-nam, kra-tai-cham
Sesbania javanica Fabaceae Sesbania (English) Sano kin dok, phak hong haeng, si pree laa, sano hin
Syzygium gratum Myrtaceae Eugenia (English) Phak mek, samet chun
Terminalia chebula Combretaceae Chebulic myrobalan, myrobalan wood (English); mirobaran (Japanese) Sam-o thai

D

therapeutic effects on dermatological diseases
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Centella asiatica Apiaceae Asiatic pennywort (English); tsubokusa (Japanese) Bua bok, pa-na-e khaa-doh, phak waen, phak nok
diuretic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Lagenaria siceraria Cucurbitaceae Bottle gourd (English); yugao (Japanese) Namtao

E

estrogenic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Dioscorea alata Dioscoreaceae Greater yam, purple yam (English); daisho (Japanese) Man-sao (central), man thu (southern)

H

hepatoprotective
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Terminalia chebula Combretaceae Chebulic myrobalan, myrobalan wood (English); mirobaran (Japanese) Sam-o thai
hypoglycemic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Glinus oppositifolius Molluginaceae Phak khuang, sadao din, phak khee khuang, phak khom
Oenanthe javanica Apiaceae Water dropwort, water celery (English); seri (Japanese) Phakchi lom
hypolipidemic
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Coccinia grandis Cucurbitaceae Scarlet-fruited gourd, ivy gourd (English); yasai karasuuri (Japanese) Phak tamlueng, khae doh, phak khaep
Cucumis sativus Cucurbitaceae Cucumber (English); kyuri (Japanese) Tangkwaa
Lagenaria siceraria Cucurbitaceae Bottle gourd (English); yugao (Japanese) Namtao
Solanum nigrum Solanaceae
hypotensive
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Coriandrum sativum Apiaceae Coriander, Chinese parsley (English); pakuchi, korianda (Japanese) Phakchi

N

neuroprotective
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Emilia sonchifolia Compositae Cupid’s shaving brush (English); usubeninigana (Japanese) Hang pla chon
Terminalia chebula Combretaceae Chebulic myrobalan, myrobalan wood (English); mirobaran (Japanese) Sam-o thai

P

platelet activation
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Careya sphaerica Lecythidaceae Kra doon

T

tyrosinase inhibitory
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Gnetum gnemon Gnetaceae Gunetsumu (Japanese) Phak liang

W

wound healing
Scientific name Family name Common name Local name
Anethum graveolens Apiaceae Dill (English); hime-uikyo (Japanese) Phakchi lao