1. Publication
  2. Research Highlights
  3. 2007

Metabolizable energy requirements for the maintenance of Brahman steers in Northeast Thailand

Country
Thailand

Description

     In Thailand, the nutrient requirements of the cattle are based on information gathered from countries located in the temperate zones. Since the breed of cattle, climatic conditions, and available feed resources in Thailand differ from those in the temperate zones, the nutrient requirements of the cattle in Thailand may not be the same as those recommended. However, the energy balance in cattle has been measured to a limited extent. In order to study the energy metabolism in cattle, we have developed a respiration trial system with a ventilated hood at Khon Kaen Animal Nutrition Research and Development Center, Khon Kaen, Thailand. In Thailand, native and Brahman cattle are very popular for beef. We have already measured the metabolizable energy (ME) requirements for maintenance of native steers. Therefore, we conducted two digestion and respiration trials in order to estimate the ME requirements for the maintenance of Brahman steers.
　　Experiment 1: Twenty energy balance trials were conducted with 4 mature Brahman steers (Table 1). Their average body weight (BW) was 385 kg. Steers were fed at 1.5 % of BW as dry matter (DM) basis twice a day. The crude protein content in experimental diet was 12% on DM basis. Diets consisted of 100% of Cavalcade hay (Feed 1), 23.41% of Pangola grass hay with 76.59% of Cavalcade hay (Feed 2), 63.59% of Pangola grass hay with 36.41% of coconut meal (Feed 3) and 47.65% of Pangola grass hay with 52.35% of palm kernel cake (Feed 4). ME requirement for maintenance was estimated as 458 kJ/kgBW0.75 from this experiment.
　　Experiment 2: Twenty energy balance trials were conducted with 4 mature Brahman steers (Table 1). Their average BW was 349 kg. Steers were fed at maintenance, 1.4 × maintenance, 1.8 × maintenance, and ad libitum levels. Crude protein content in experimental diet was 12% on DM basis. Diets consisted of Pangola grass hay, dried cassava, rice bran, brewer’s waste and palm meal. ME requirement for maintenance was estimated as 454 kJ/kgBW0.75 from this experiment.
　　ME requirement for maintenance was estimated as 456.8 kJ/kgBW0.75 from all the data of ME intake and balance by Brahman steers (Fig 1). This value is the same as Japanese black steers under the Japanese feeding standard (470.3 kJ/kgBW0.75). Furthermore, that estimated value is within several kinds of standards for beef cattle in Europe and the United States (from 401.7 to 543.9 kJ/kgBW0.75) as shown in the feeding standards by the US National Research Council. Estimated efficiency of ME utilization for growth was 57.4% (Fig 1).
　　The ME requirement for maintenance in Brahman steers is a useful information to calculate daily amounts of feeds and must be utilized as basic data for feeding standard in Indochinese peninsula. It is necessary not only for the energy requirement of animals but also in determining the nutrient contents in feeds in order to promote more efficient use of local feed resources.

Figure, table

  1.  

    Table 1.　Feed formulation and results of energy balance trials with Brahman steers
    Table 1.　Feed formulation and results of energy balance trials with Brahman steers (kJ/BWkg0.75)

  2.  

    Fig 1. The relationship between metabolizable energy intake and energy balance in Brahman steers.
    Fig 1. The relationship between metabolizable energy intake and energy balance in Brahman steers.
Affiliation

Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences Animal Production and Grassland Division

Classification

Technical A

Term of research

FY2007（FY2006～2011）

Responsible researcher

NISHIDA Takehiro ( Animal Production and Grassland Division )

CHAOKAUR Anan ( Khon Kaen University )

NITIPOT Peerapot ( Khon Kaen University )

Sommart Kritapon ( Khon Kaen University )

ORCID ID
0000-0002-6947-412X

PHAOWPHAISAL Ittiphon ( Khon Kaen Animal Nutrition Research and Development Center )

PHOLSEN Pimpaporn ( Khon Kaen Animal Nutrition Research and Development Center )

NARMSILEE Rumphrai ( Khon Kaen Animal Nutrition Research and Development Center )

INDRAMANEE Somchit ( Khon Kaen Animal Nutrition Research and Development Center )

ほか
Publication, etc.

A. Chaokaur, T. Nishida, I. Phaowphaisal, P. Pholsen, R. Chaithiang and K. Sommart. (2007) Energy metabolism and energy requirement for maintenance of Brahman steers in tropical conditions. Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition. p. 505-506. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Japanese PDF

2007_seikajouhou_A4_ja_Part13.pdf441.92 KB

Related Research Highlights