Quantitative and qualitative losses of grain after harvest in developing countries can amount to 20-25% of the total market value of the crop. Asian farmers face quality issues at every link in the postharvest chain. On farm, mechanical threshing causes grain discoloration, and improper drying and water relations of the grain can lead to substantial losses. Grain breakage during milling is another cause of loss. In countries in Southeast Asia, the average head rice yields from commercial mills are 63% and can be as low as 53% from village-level milling. The presentation of predominantly low-grade rice in the marketplace severely affects the returns to farmers. The solution to improving grain and seed quality across the region lies in teaching farmers, millers, and postharvest practitioners to see and manage the postharvest chain as a complete system from harvest to market. This will entail the use of quality monitoring equipment such as moisture meters and milling color charts, and the introduction of storage systems that preserve grain quality. The performance of rice mills will need to be improved, and training provided to farmers to show them how a focus on quality at all stages will improve the prices they obtain at market. Finally, the people working in the postharvest area who can improve its performance must have access to up-to-date knowledge and training.