[ { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/blog/jircas-thailand-award#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS開発技術がタイ農業局で表彰", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS開発技術がタイ農業局で表彰", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "タイ農業局（DOA）は、毎年DOAの研究成果で特に優秀なものを主要研究成果として表彰しています。\n\n毎年10件程度の成果が「主要研究成果」として表彰されますが、その中には、JIRCASが実施した共同研究の成果が深く関わっているものもあります。\n\n\u003Cimg alt=\u0022doa-report-summary\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/doa-report-summary.png\u0022 width=\u0022150\u0022 height=\u0022150\u0022 /\u003E2010年度DOA主要研究成果（研究開発部門・佳作）「海外市場向けトウガラシの生産技術」は、タイの主要輸出農産物の一つであるトウガラシの病害を予防するための総合防除技術を開発したものですが、この中で、JIRCASがDOAと共同で実施している長期連用試験で開発されたクロタラリア輪作によるセンチュウ防除技術（平成20年度JIRCAS研究成果情報）が、要素技術として用いられています。\n\n本技術は、DOAによる農家への技術普及活動が行われており、2010-11年乾期作の時点で、タイ東北部の農家98戸、約25haに普及したことが確認され（DOA調べ）、その後も普及面積が拡大しています。こうした普及状況を反映して、今回の表彰が行われたものと思われます。\n\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "タイ農業局（DOA）は、毎年DOAの研究成果で特に優秀なものを主要研究成果として表彰しています。\n\n毎年10件程度の成果が「主要研究成果」として表彰されますが、その中には、JIRCASが実施した共同研究の成果が深く関わっているものもあります。\n\n\u003Cimg alt=\u0022doa-report-summary\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/doa-report-summary.png\u0022 width=\u0022150\u0022 height=\u0022150\u0022 /\u003E2010年度DOA主要研究成果（研究開発部門・佳作）「海外市場向けトウガラシの生産技術」は、タイの主要輸出農産物の一つであるトウガラシの病害を予防するための総合防除技術を開発したものですが、この中で、JIRCASがDOAと共同で実施している長期連用試験で開発されたクロタラリア輪作によるセンチュウ防除技術（平成20年度JIRCAS研究成果情報）が、要素技術として用いられています。\n\n本技術は、DOAによる農家への技術普及活動が行われており、2010-11年乾期作の時点で、タイ東北部の農家98戸、約25haに普及したことが確認され（DOA調べ）、その後も普及面積が拡大しています。こうした普及状況を反映して、今回の表彰が行われたものと思われます。\n\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS開発技術がタイ農業局で表彰", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS開発技術がタイ農業局で表彰", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eタイ農業局（DOA）は、毎年DOAの研究成果で特に優秀なものを主要研究成果として表彰しています。 毎年10件程度の成果が「主要研究成果」として表彰されますが、その中には、JIRCASが実施した共同研究の成果が深く関わっているものもあります。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022doa-report-summary\u0022 height=\u0022150\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/doa-report-summary.png\u0022 width=\u0022150\u0022 /\u003E2010年度DOA主要研究成果（研究開発部門・佳作）「海外市場向けトウガラシの生産技術」は、タイの主要輸出農産物の一つであるトウガラシの病害を予防するための総合防除技術を開発したものですが、この中で、JIRCASがDOAと共同で実施している長期連用試験で開発されたクロタラリア輪作によるセンチュウ防除技術（平成20年度JIRCAS研究成果情報）が、要素技術として用いられています。 本技術は、DOAによる農家への技術普及活動が行われており、2010-11年乾期作の時点で、タイ東北部の農家98戸、約25haに普及したことが確認され（DOA調べ）、その後も普及面積が拡大しています。こうした普及状況を反映して、今回の表彰が行われたものと思われます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "タイ農業局（DOA）は、毎年DOAの研究成果で特に優秀なものを主要研究成果として表彰しています。\n\n毎年10件程度の成果が「主要研究成果」として表彰されますが、その中には、JIRCASが実施した共同研究の成果が深く関わっているものもあります。\n\n\u003Cimg alt=\u0022doa-report-summary\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/doa-report-summary.png\u0022 width=\u0022150\u0022 height=\u0022150\u0022 /\u003E2010年度DOA主要研究成果（研究開発部門・佳作）「海外市場向けトウガラシの生産技術」は、タイの主要輸出農産物の一つであるトウガラシの病害を予防するための総合防除技術を開発したものですが、この中で、JIRCASがDOAと共同で実施している長期連用試験で開発されたクロタラリア輪作によるセンチュウ防除技術（平成20年度JIRCAS研究成果情報）が、要素技術として用いられています。\n\n本技術は、DOAによる農家への技術普及活動が行われており、2010-11年乾期作の時点で、タイ東北部の農家98戸、約25haに普及したことが確認され（DOA調べ）、その後も普及面積が拡大しています。こうした普及状況を反映して、今回の表彰が行われたものと思われます。\n\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/unescap-capsa-9#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "UNESCAP CAPSA会議", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "UNESCAP CAPSA会議", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/indonesia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Indonesia", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "インドネシア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Indonesia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EUNESCAP CAPSA (Centre for Alleviation of Poverty through Sustainable Agriculture)は、1981年に雑穀、豆類、根茎作物に関する研究・研修等を行うCGPRTセンターとしてインドネシア国ボゴール市に設立された、ESCAP（国際連合アジア太平洋経済社会委員会）の地域センターです。その後、2004年と2010年の組織再編を経て、現在は持続的農業を通じた貧困解消を実現するための技術情報収集、分析、普及、政策提言等を行う「\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.uncapsa.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022知識センター(Knowledge Center)\u0022\u003E知識センター（Knowledge Center）\u003C/a\u003E」として活動しています。この度JIRCASは、CAPSAが主催した２つの会議に参加しましたので、その概要を報告します。 (1)「小規模農家に対する技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話 “High-level Policy Dialogue on Technology Transfer for Smallholder Farmers”」（平成25年2月13日、ボゴール） CAPSAは、EU（欧州連合）の「アジアにおける食糧安全保障のための技術移転」プログラムにおけるプロジェクト「南・東南アジアにおける持続的農業技術と市場アクセス改善に関する知識移転ネットワーク（\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.satnetasia.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022SATNET Asia\u0022\u003ESATNET Asia）\u003C/a\u003E」を実施しています。本プロジェクトは、途上国間で技術情報を共有する「技術バンク（Technology Bank）」を構築することにより、持続的農業や農産物貿易のイノベーションを実現するための技術情報の交換を進めることを目的としています。 この度、本プロジェクトの一環として、政策立案者、研究者、技術利用者がアジア・太平洋地域における小規模農家に対する技術移転の課題を議論することを目的として、標記会合が開催されました。 会議には、主催者であるCAPSAとEUの他、アジア・太平洋地域を中心とする20ケ国・地域（アフガニスタン、豪州、バングラデシュ、ブータン、カンボジア、中国、台湾、フィジー、ドイツ、インド、インドネシア、ラオス、マレーシア、ミヤンマー、ネパール、パキスタン、パプアニューギニア、フィリピン、スリランカ、タイ）の行政・研究機関やNGO、国際機関（AVRDC(アジア蔬菜研究センター)、CIAT(国際熱帯農業研究センター)、CIFOR(国際林業研究センター)、ESCAP、FAO(国際連合食糧農業機関)、世界銀行）等から計89名が参加しました。インドネシア農業研究開発庁長官、フィジー農業局研究部長、パプアニューギニア国立農業研究所所長の３名による基調講演、基調講演者に加え在ジャカルタアフガニスタン大使、CIFOR研究者、インドネシア農業NGO代表によるパネルディスカッション及びアジア・太平洋地域における小規模農家に対する技術移転の成功事例に関する12件の報告が行われました。JIRCASからは、インドネシアの民間企業によるキャッサバ接ぎ木苗の普及活動について情報提供を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合（平成25年2月14-15日、ボゴール） CAPSAは毎年１回、前年度の活動概要の報告と新年度の事業計画等を議論することを目的として、CAPSAの理事国をメンバーとする理事国会合（GC: Governing Council）を開催しています。 この度開催された第９回会合には、CAPSA理事国（アフガニスタン、バングラデシュ、フィジー、インドネシア、マレーシア、パキスタン、パプアニューギニア、フィリピン、スリランカ、タイ）、関係国（カンボジア、ドイツ、ラオス、ベトナム）、国際機関（ESCAP 、FAO、Center on Integrated Rural Development for Asia and Pacific: CIRDAP = アジア・太平洋地域の15ケ国がメンバーで、持続的な農村開発へ向けた研修、WS等を実施, Secretary of the Pacific Community: SPC =太平洋地域22ケ国・地域がメンバーで、農業を含む各種分野で持続的な開発に向けた活動を実施）から計40名が参加しました。会議では、CAPSA所長及び同センター研究員から、2012年の活動実績、財務状況、2013年のワークプラン等が報告、提案され、メンバー国によって承認されました。またアジア・太平洋地域におけるJIRCASとCAPSAの今後の協力拡大の可能性について意見交換を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合\u0022 height=\u0022190\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/capsa-9th.png\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話\u0022 height=\u0022190\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/policy-dialogue.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022280\u0022 /\u003E 技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EUNESCAP CAPSA (Centre for Alleviation of Poverty through Sustainable Agriculture)は、1981年に雑穀、豆類、根茎作物に関する研究・研修等を行うCGPRTセンターとしてインドネシア国ボゴール市に設立された、ESCAP（国際連合アジア太平洋経済社会委員会）の地域センターです。その後、2004年と2010年の組織再編を経て、現在は持続的農業を通じた貧困解消を実現するための技術情報収集、分析、普及、政策提言等を行う「\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.uncapsa.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022知識センター(Knowledge Center)\u0022\u003E知識センター（Knowledge Center）\u003C/a\u003E」として活動しています。この度JIRCASは、CAPSAが主催した２つの会議に参加しましたので、その概要を報告します。 (1)「小規模農家に対する技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話 “High-level Policy Dialogue on Technology Transfer for Smallholder Farmers”」（平成25年2月13日、ボゴール） CAPSAは、EU（欧州連合）の「アジアにおける食糧安全保障のための技術移転」プログラムにおけるプロジェクト「南・東南アジアにおける持続的農業技術と市場アクセス改善に関する知識移転ネットワーク（\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.satnetasia.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022SATNET Asia\u0022\u003ESATNET Asia）\u003C/a\u003E」を実施しています。本プロジェクトは、途上国間で技術情報を共有する「技術バンク（Technology Bank）」を構築することにより、持続的農業や農産物貿易のイノベーションを実現するための技術情報の交換を進めることを目的としています。 この度、本プロジェクトの一環として、政策立案者、研究者、技術利用者がアジア・太平洋地域における小規模農家に対する技術移転の課題を議論することを目的として、標記会合が開催されました。 会議には、主催者であるCAPSAとEUの他、アジア・太平洋地域を中心とする20ケ国・地域（アフガニスタン、豪州、バングラデシュ、ブータン、カンボジア、中国、台湾、フィジー、ドイツ、インド、インドネシア、ラオス、マレーシア、ミヤンマー、ネパール、パキスタン、パプアニューギニア、フィリピン、スリランカ、タイ）の行政・研究機関やNGO、国際機関（AVRDC(アジア蔬菜研究センター)、CIAT(国際熱帯農業研究センター)、CIFOR(国際林業研究センター)、ESCAP、FAO(国際連合食糧農業機関)、世界銀行）等から計89名が参加しました。インドネシア農業研究開発庁長官、フィジー農業局研究部長、パプアニューギニア国立農業研究所所長の３名による基調講演、基調講演者に加え在ジャカルタアフガニスタン大使、CIFOR研究者、インドネシア農業NGO代表によるパネルディスカッション及びアジア・太平洋地域における小規模農家に対する技術移転の成功事例に関する12件の報告が行われました。JIRCASからは、インドネシアの民間企業によるキャッサバ接ぎ木苗の普及活動について情報提供を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合（平成25年2月14-15日、ボゴール） CAPSAは毎年１回、前年度の活動概要の報告と新年度の事業計画等を議論することを目的として、CAPSAの理事国をメンバーとする理事国会合（GC: Governing Council）を開催しています。 この度開催された第９回会合には、CAPSA理事国（アフガニスタン、バングラデシュ、フィジー、インドネシア、マレーシア、パキスタン、パプアニューギニア、フィリピン、スリランカ、タイ）、関係国（カンボジア、ドイツ、ラオス、ベトナム）、国際機関（ESCAP 、FAO、Center on Integrated Rural Development for Asia and Pacific: CIRDAP = アジア・太平洋地域の15ケ国がメンバーで、持続的な農村開発へ向けた研修、WS等を実施, Secretary of the Pacific Community: SPC =太平洋地域22ケ国・地域がメンバーで、農業を含む各種分野で持続的な開発に向けた活動を実施）から計40名が参加しました。会議では、CAPSA所長及び同センター研究員から、2012年の活動実績、財務状況、2013年のワークプラン等が報告、提案され、メンバー国によって承認されました。またアジア・太平洋地域におけるJIRCASとCAPSAの今後の協力拡大の可能性について意見交換を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合\u0022 height=\u0022190\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/capsa-9th.png\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話\u0022 height=\u0022190\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/policy-dialogue.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022280\u0022 /\u003E 技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "UNESCAP CAPSA会議", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "UNESCAP CAPSA会議", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/indonesia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Indonesia", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "インドネシア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Indonesia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EUNESCAP CAPSA (Centre for Alleviation of Poverty through Sustainable Agriculture)は、1981年に雑穀、豆類、根茎作物に関する研究・研修等を行うCGPRTセンターとしてインドネシア国ボゴール市に設立された、ESCAP（国際連合アジア太平洋経済社会委員会）の地域センターです。その後、2004年と2010年の組織再編を経て、現在は持続的農業を通じた貧困解消を実現するための技術情報収集、分析、普及、政策提言等を行う「\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.uncapsa.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022知識センター(Knowledge Center)\u0022\u003E知識センター（Knowledge Center）\u003C/a\u003E」として活動しています。この度JIRCASは、CAPSAが主催した２つの会議に参加しましたので、その概要を報告します。 (1)「小規模農家に対する技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話 “High-level Policy Dialogue on Technology Transfer for Smallholder Farmers”」（平成25年2月13日、ボゴール） CAPSAは、EU（欧州連合）の「アジアにおける食糧安全保障のための技術移転」プログラムにおけるプロジェクト「南・東南アジアにおける持続的農業技術と市場アクセス改善に関する知識移転ネットワーク（\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.satnetasia.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022SATNET Asia\u0022\u003ESATNET Asia）\u003C/a\u003E」を実施しています。本プロジェクトは、途上国間で技術情報を共有する「技術バンク（Technology Bank）」を構築することにより、持続的農業や農産物貿易のイノベーションを実現するための技術情報の交換を進めることを目的としています。 この度、本プロジェクトの一環として、政策立案者、研究者、技術利用者がアジア・太平洋地域における小規模農家に対する技術移転の課題を議論することを目的として、標記会合が開催されました。 会議には、主催者であるCAPSAとEUの他、アジア・太平洋地域を中心とする20ケ国・地域（アフガニスタン、豪州、バングラデシュ、ブータン、カンボジア、中国、台湾、フィジー、ドイツ、インド、インドネシア、ラオス、マレーシア、ミヤンマー、ネパール、パキスタン、パプアニューギニア、フィリピン、スリランカ、タイ）の行政・研究機関やNGO、国際機関（AVRDC(アジア蔬菜研究センター)、CIAT(国際熱帯農業研究センター)、CIFOR(国際林業研究センター)、ESCAP、FAO(国際連合食糧農業機関)、世界銀行）等から計89名が参加しました。インドネシア農業研究開発庁長官、フィジー農業局研究部長、パプアニューギニア国立農業研究所所長の３名による基調講演、基調講演者に加え在ジャカルタアフガニスタン大使、CIFOR研究者、インドネシア農業NGO代表によるパネルディスカッション及びアジア・太平洋地域における小規模農家に対する技術移転の成功事例に関する12件の報告が行われました。JIRCASからは、インドネシアの民間企業によるキャッサバ接ぎ木苗の普及活動について情報提供を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合（平成25年2月14-15日、ボゴール） CAPSAは毎年１回、前年度の活動概要の報告と新年度の事業計画等を議論することを目的として、CAPSAの理事国をメンバーとする理事国会合（GC: Governing Council）を開催しています。 この度開催された第９回会合には、CAPSA理事国（アフガニスタン、バングラデシュ、フィジー、インドネシア、マレーシア、パキスタン、パプアニューギニア、フィリピン、スリランカ、タイ）、関係国（カンボジア、ドイツ、ラオス、ベトナム）、国際機関（ESCAP 、FAO、Center on Integrated Rural Development for Asia and Pacific: CIRDAP = アジア・太平洋地域の15ケ国がメンバーで、持続的な農村開発へ向けた研修、WS等を実施, Secretary of the Pacific Community: SPC =太平洋地域22ケ国・地域がメンバーで、農業を含む各種分野で持続的な開発に向けた活動を実施）から計40名が参加しました。会議では、CAPSA所長及び同センター研究員から、2012年の活動実績、財務状況、2013年のワークプラン等が報告、提案され、メンバー国によって承認されました。またアジア・太平洋地域におけるJIRCASとCAPSAの今後の協力拡大の可能性について意見交換を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合\u0022 height=\u0022190\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/capsa-9th.png\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話\u0022 height=\u0022190\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/policy-dialogue.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022280\u0022 /\u003E 技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EUNESCAP CAPSA (Centre for Alleviation of Poverty through Sustainable Agriculture)は、1981年に雑穀、豆類、根茎作物に関する研究・研修等を行うCGPRTセンターとしてインドネシア国ボゴール市に設立された、ESCAP（国際連合アジア太平洋経済社会委員会）の地域センターです。その後、2004年と2010年の組織再編を経て、現在は持続的農業を通じた貧困解消を実現するための技術情報収集、分析、普及、政策提言等を行う「\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.uncapsa.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022知識センター(Knowledge Center)\u0022\u003E知識センター（Knowledge Center）\u003C/a\u003E」として活動しています。この度JIRCASは、CAPSAが主催した２つの会議に参加しましたので、その概要を報告します。 (1)「小規模農家に対する技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話 “High-level Policy Dialogue on Technology Transfer for Smallholder Farmers”」（平成25年2月13日、ボゴール） CAPSAは、EU（欧州連合）の「アジアにおける食糧安全保障のための技術移転」プログラムにおけるプロジェクト「南・東南アジアにおける持続的農業技術と市場アクセス改善に関する知識移転ネットワーク（\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.satnetasia.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022SATNET Asia\u0022\u003ESATNET Asia）\u003C/a\u003E」を実施しています。本プロジェクトは、途上国間で技術情報を共有する「技術バンク（Technology Bank）」を構築することにより、持続的農業や農産物貿易のイノベーションを実現するための技術情報の交換を進めることを目的としています。 この度、本プロジェクトの一環として、政策立案者、研究者、技術利用者がアジア・太平洋地域における小規模農家に対する技術移転の課題を議論することを目的として、標記会合が開催されました。 会議には、主催者であるCAPSAとEUの他、アジア・太平洋地域を中心とする20ケ国・地域（アフガニスタン、豪州、バングラデシュ、ブータン、カンボジア、中国、台湾、フィジー、ドイツ、インド、インドネシア、ラオス、マレーシア、ミヤンマー、ネパール、パキスタン、パプアニューギニア、フィリピン、スリランカ、タイ）の行政・研究機関やNGO、国際機関（AVRDC(アジア蔬菜研究センター)、CIAT(国際熱帯農業研究センター)、CIFOR(国際林業研究センター)、ESCAP、FAO(国際連合食糧農業機関)、世界銀行）等から計89名が参加しました。インドネシア農業研究開発庁長官、フィジー農業局研究部長、パプアニューギニア国立農業研究所所長の３名による基調講演、基調講演者に加え在ジャカルタアフガニスタン大使、CIFOR研究者、インドネシア農業NGO代表によるパネルディスカッション及びアジア・太平洋地域における小規模農家に対する技術移転の成功事例に関する12件の報告が行われました。JIRCASからは、インドネシアの民間企業によるキャッサバ接ぎ木苗の普及活動について情報提供を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合（平成25年2月14-15日、ボゴール） CAPSAは毎年１回、前年度の活動概要の報告と新年度の事業計画等を議論することを目的として、CAPSAの理事国をメンバーとする理事国会合（GC: Governing Council）を開催しています。 この度開催された第９回会合には、CAPSA理事国（アフガニスタン、バングラデシュ、フィジー、インドネシア、マレーシア、パキスタン、パプアニューギニア、フィリピン、スリランカ、タイ）、関係国（カンボジア、ドイツ、ラオス、ベトナム）、国際機関（ESCAP 、FAO、Center on Integrated Rural Development for Asia and Pacific: CIRDAP = アジア・太平洋地域の15ケ国がメンバーで、持続的な農村開発へ向けた研修、WS等を実施, Secretary of the Pacific Community: SPC =太平洋地域22ケ国・地域がメンバーで、農業を含む各種分野で持続的な開発に向けた活動を実施）から計40名が参加しました。会議では、CAPSA所長及び同センター研究員から、2012年の活動実績、財務状況、2013年のワークプラン等が報告、提案され、メンバー国によって承認されました。またアジア・太平洋地域におけるJIRCASとCAPSAの今後の協力拡大の可能性について意見交換を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合\u0022 height=\u0022190\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/capsa-9th.png\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E UNESCAP CAPSA第９回理事国会合\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話\u0022 height=\u0022190\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/policy-dialogue.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022280\u0022 /\u003E 技術移転に関するハイレベル政策対話\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS理事長らの小麦・気候変動国際会議への参加", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2012年4月、JIRCASが関係する２つの国際会議がバンコクで開催されました。 「アジアにおける小麦生産性向上に関する地域諮問会議（Regional Consultation on Improving Wheat Productivity in Asia）」（4月26?27日、主催：JIRCAS、FAO、APAARI、CIMMYT、ICARD）は、アジアにおける小麦の生産性向上に関する情報交換と同地域の小麦生産性向上のためのロードマップづくりを目的としたもので、アジアの小麦生産国、国際研究機関、企業、NGOの代表55名が参加しました。共催機関の一つであるJIRCASからは、岩永勝理事長が参加し、「世界の穀物貿易で最大の取引量を持ち、多様な食品に加工される小麦は、作物の潜在的な生産力と農家における生産力の差である収量ギャップが大きく、気候変動や病害の影響を受けやすいという特徴を持つ。このため、小麦は研究開発による収量向上の余地が大きく、アジアにおける小麦研究を強化する必要がある。」という開会挨拶を行いました。 「アジアにおける気候変動に対応した農業ワークショップ(Workshop on Climate Smart Agriculture in Asia: Research and Development Priorities)」（4月11?12日、主催：APAARI、CGIAR、WMO）は、気候変動が農業に与える影響に関する最新の知見や気候変動に対応した農業技術に関するレビューと研究開発の重点項目に関する議論を目的としたもので、東南アジア、南アジアの農業研究機関や国際研究機関の気候変動関係研究者など多数が参加しました。JIRCASからは、川島知之プログラムディレクターが参加し、気候変動対応プロジェクトなど、JIRCASにおける気候変動対策への取り組みを紹介しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022開会挨拶を行う岩永理事長\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/jircas-president.png\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 開会挨拶を行う岩永理事長\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCASの気候変動への取り組みを紹介する川島PD\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/kawashima.png\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCASの気候変動への取り組みを紹介する川島PD\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/snap#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Launch of Regional Sago Network for Asia and the Pacific and JIRCAS Participation", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Launch of Regional Sago Network for Asia and the Pacific and JIRCAS Participation", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ESogo palm has a high starch yield and is more suitable for swamps and wetlands (no concern about GHG emission from dry soil) than other crops. Therefore, it is expected to play more important role in promoting food security for developing countries and solving global environmental issues.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EProposed by the FAO-RAP (Regional Representative for Asia and the Pacific), the SNAP (Regional Sago Network for Asia and the Pacific) was launched on March 21-21, 2013, Bangkok, Thailand, to foster information exchange on the utilization of sago palm in the Asia-Pacific region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter the explanation of SNAP’s background at the consultation, experts discussed on 1) the key points for sago palm development, 2) regulations on the operation of SNAP, and 3) the operation activities of SNAP. Following the discussion, the network was officially established with 22 members of various research institutions, including JIRCAS, NGOs and individuals. The members agreed on the strategic framework which set the four fields (food utilization, industrial utilization, environmental conservation, and waste disposal) and four themes (use dissemination, information sharing and network formation, promotion of innovation, and development of the policies, strategies and regulation framework) for the use of Sago palm.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS took part in its expert consultation on the establishment. As a SNAP member, JIRCAS will participate in future consultations to exchange information and seek funds for the research of sago palm.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Launch of Regional Sogo Network for Asia and the Pacific (March 21-21, 2013, Bangkok, Thailand)\u0022 height=\u0022333\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/snap.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022444\u0022 /\u003E Launch of Regional Sogo Network for Asia and the Pacific (March 21-21, 2013, Bangkok, Thailand)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ESogo palm has a high starch yield and is more suitable for swamps and wetlands (no concern about GHG emission from dry soil) than other crops. Therefore, it is expected to play more important role in promoting food security for developing countries and solving global environmental issues.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EProposed by the FAO-RAP (Regional Representative for Asia and the Pacific), the SNAP (Regional Sago Network for Asia and the Pacific) was launched on March 21-21, 2013, Bangkok, Thailand, to foster information exchange on the utilization of sago palm in the Asia-Pacific region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter the explanation of SNAP’s background at the consultation, experts discussed on 1) the key points for sago palm development, 2) regulations on the operation of SNAP, and 3) the operation activities of SNAP. Following the discussion, the network was officially established with 22 members of various research institutions, including JIRCAS, NGOs and individuals. The members agreed on the strategic framework which set the four fields (food utilization, industrial utilization, environmental conservation, and waste disposal) and four themes (use dissemination, information sharing and network formation, promotion of innovation, and development of the policies, strategies and regulation framework) for the use of Sago palm.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS took part in its expert consultation on the establishment. As a SNAP member, JIRCAS will participate in future consultations to exchange information and seek funds for the research of sago palm.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Launch of Regional Sogo Network for Asia and the Pacific (March 21-21, 2013, Bangkok, Thailand)\u0022 height=\u0022333\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/snap.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022444\u0022 /\u003E Launch of Regional Sogo Network for Asia and the Pacific (March 21-21, 2013, Bangkok, Thailand)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_4#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アジア太平洋地域サゴネットワーク（SNAP）の設立とJIRCASの参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Launch of Regional Sago Network for Asia and the Pacific and JIRCAS Participation", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eサゴヤシは他作物の栽培が困難な泥炭湿地でも栽培可能（乾地化によるGHG放出の懸念なし）、優良なデンプン作物といった特徴を持ち、開発途上地域の食料問題、地球環境問題解決への貢献が期待される作物です。 この度、FAOアジア太平洋地域事務所（RAP）の提案により、アジア・太平洋地域におけるサゴヤシの活用に関する情報交換等を目的として、アジア太平洋地域サゴネットワーク（Regional Sago Network for Asia and the Pacific: SNAP）が設立されました。本ネットワークの設立にあたり、JIRCASは、3月21〜22日にFAO-RAPで開催された専門家会合（Expert consultation on the establishment of a Sago network for Asia and the Pacific）に参加しました。 会合では、SNAP設立の背景が説明された後、サゴ開発の鍵となる課題、SNAPの運営ルール、SNAPの活動内容等について議論を行い、JIRCASを含む22の研究機関、NGO、個人等を設立メンバーとして、ネットワークが正式に発足しました。また、４点の活動分野（サゴの食品利用、非食品利用、環境保全、廃棄物処理）、と４点の活動テーマ（サゴとその利用の普及、知識共有とネットワーク形成、イノベーション促進、政策・戦略・規則枠組みの形成）から構成される戦略枠組み（Strategic Framework）を承認しました。 今後JIRCASは、SNAPのメンバーとして、同ネットワークが実施する会議への参加を通じた情報交換、サゴヤシに関する研究を実施するための外部資金獲得等の活動を実施していく予定です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022SNAP設立会合（3月21-22日、タイ国バンコク市FAOアジア太平洋地域事務所)\u0022 height=\u0022341\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/snap.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022455\u0022 /\u003E SNAP設立会合（3月21-22日、タイ国バンコク市FAOアジア太平洋地域事務所)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ESogo palm has a high starch yield and is more suitable for swamps and wetlands (no concern about GHG emission from dry soil) than other crops. Therefore, it is expected to play more important role in promoting food security for developing countries and solving global environmental issues.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EProposed by the FAO-RAP (Regional Representative for Asia and the Pacific), the SNAP (Regional Sago Network for Asia and the Pacific) was launched on March 21-21, 2013, Bangkok, Thailand, to foster information exchange on the utilization of sago palm in the Asia-Pacific region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfter the explanation of SNAP’s background at the consultation, experts discussed on 1) the key points for sago palm development, 2) regulations on the operation of SNAP, and 3) the operation activities of SNAP. Following the discussion, the network was officially established with 22 members of various research institutions, including JIRCAS, NGOs and individuals. The members agreed on the strategic framework which set the four fields (food utilization, industrial utilization, environmental conservation, and waste disposal) and four themes (use dissemination, information sharing and network formation, promotion of innovation, and development of the policies, strategies and regulation framework) for the use of Sago palm.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS took part in its expert consultation on the establishment. As a SNAP member, JIRCAS will participate in future consultations to exchange information and seek funds for the research of sago palm.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Launch of Regional Sogo Network for Asia and the Pacific (March 21-21, 2013, Bangkok, Thailand)\u0022 height=\u0022333\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/snap.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022444\u0022 /\u003E Launch of Regional Sogo Network for Asia and the Pacific (March 21-21, 2013, Bangkok, Thailand)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/gms-wga-10#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "GMS-WGA 10 Meeting", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "GMS-WGA 10 Meeting", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/laos#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Laos", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ラオス", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Laos", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), which includes Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, was founded in 1992 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) aimed to enhance sub-regional economic cooperation among the countries. Since then, working groups on specific sectors have been established in the GMS. The Working Group on Agriculture (WGA), one sector under the GMS program, was launched in 2002 as a discussion platform to promote agriculture cooperation within the GMS . The 10th Working Group on Agriculture (WGA-10) was held in Xieng Khouang, Lao PDR during April 2 - 4, 2013, together with the 19th Working Group on Environment (WGE-19). The theme for this year was “Facilitating Pro-Poor Green Value Chain Development in the GMS”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring this meeting, the experts reviewed the progress of the Core Agricultural Support Program (CASP) Phase II under the GMS agricultural development plan 2011 - 2015, and exchanged the opinions with project’s donors.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlso, JIRCAS introduced three projects: Indochina Rural Project, which is carried out in Lao PDR to implement both self-sufficient food production and sustainable commercial agriculture for small farmers, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which introduces the biogas digester technology in the Mekong-delta region, and the project respond to climate change, which studies the effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) mechanism on rice yield.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a CASP-II project under the ADB management, the Nitrogen Recycle Project, which aims to cut GHG emission from improper use of organic fertilizers, was introduced. JIRCAS, a national institute with many research outcomeshas, shown its interest to provide the necessary technology and information when the projects reach their completions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA total of 142 delegates from the GMS countries and the related international organizations (such as ADB, FAO and IFAD), as well as various enterprises and NGOs that were involved in the green value chain, such as organic agriculture, fair trade and eco-tourism, have attended the meeting.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022GMS WGA10-WGE19 participants (photo provided by ADO)\u0022 height=\u0022270\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/gms-wga-10.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022418\u0022 /\u003E GMS WGA10-WGE19 participants (photo provided by ADO)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), which includes Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, was founded in 1992 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) aimed to enhance sub-regional economic cooperation among the countries. Since then, working groups on specific sectors have been established in the GMS. The Working Group on Agriculture (WGA), one sector under the GMS program, was launched in 2002 as a discussion platform to promote agriculture cooperation within the GMS . The 10th Working Group on Agriculture (WGA-10) was held in Xieng Khouang, Lao PDR during April 2 - 4, 2013, together with the 19th Working Group on Environment (WGE-19). The theme for this year was “Facilitating Pro-Poor Green Value Chain Development in the GMS”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring this meeting, the experts reviewed the progress of the Core Agricultural Support Program (CASP) Phase II under the GMS agricultural development plan 2011 - 2015, and exchanged the opinions with project’s donors.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlso, JIRCAS introduced three projects: Indochina Rural Project, which is carried out in Lao PDR to implement both self-sufficient food production and sustainable commercial agriculture for small farmers, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which introduces the biogas digester technology in the Mekong-delta region, and the project respond to climate change, which studies the effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) mechanism on rice yield.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a CASP-II project under the ADB management, the Nitrogen Recycle Project, which aims to cut GHG emission from improper use of organic fertilizers, was introduced. JIRCAS, a national institute with many research outcomeshas, shown its interest to provide the necessary technology and information when the projects reach their completions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA total of 142 delegates from the GMS countries and the related international organizations (such as ADB, FAO and IFAD), as well as various enterprises and NGOs that were involved in the green value chain, such as organic agriculture, fair trade and eco-tourism, have attended the meeting.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022GMS WGA10-WGE19 participants (photo provided by ADO)\u0022 height=\u0022270\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/gms-wga-10.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022418\u0022 /\u003E GMS WGA10-WGE19 participants (photo provided by ADO)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_27#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "GMS WGA-10への参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "GMS-WGA 10 Meeting", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/laos#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Laos", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ラオス", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Laos", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EGMS（Greater Mekong Sub-region：拡大メコン地域）-WGA(Working Group on Agriculture)は、メコン川流域６ヶ国（カンボジア、中国、ラオス、ミヤンマー、タイ、ベトナム）の地域経済協力促進を目的として、1992年にADB（アジア開発銀行）が主導して発足しました。GMSの下には、分野別のワーキンググループがあり、農業分野におけるGMSとの協力を議論する場として、WGAが2002年に設けられています。 この度、第10回農業ワーキンググループ（WGA-10）が、4月2-4日に、ラオス北部のシェンクワンで実施されました。今回のWGA-10は、GMSの第19回環境ワーキンググループ年次会合（WGE-19）と合同で実施され、「GMSにおける貧困解消のためのグリーン・バリューチェーン構築」を主要テーマとして開催されました。 会議では、2011-2015年を対象期間とするGMSの農業開発計画であるCASP (Core Agricultural Support Program)フェーズIIで実施中のプロジェクトのレビュー、CASP-IIの支援に関するドナー機関の意見交換などが行われました。 JIRCASからは、小規模農家における食糧自給と商業的農業の両立を目標としてラオスで実施しているインドシナ農山村プロジェクトや、メコンデルタでバイオガスダイジェスターの導入によるCDM事業やAWD（Alternate Wetting and Drying）導入が稲作収量に及ぼす影響の評価を実施している気候変動対応プロジェクトの概要を紹介しました。 またADBから、CASP-IIで実施検討中のプロジェクトとして、化学肥料の不適切な利用によるGHG排出削減を目的とする窒素循環プロジェクトが計画中であることが紹介され、これに対し、JIRCASは本分野に多くの研究実績を持ち、プロジェクトが実現した際は、技術情報の提供等で協力する用意がある旨呼びかけました。 会議には、GMS６ヶ国及び関係する国際機関（ADB、FAO、IFAD他）、有機農業、フェアトレード、エコツーリズムなどグリーン・バリューチェーンに関する事業を行っている企業、NGOの代表ら計142名が参加しました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022GMS WGA10-WGE19参加者（ADB提供）\u0022 height=\u0022270\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/gms-wga-10.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022418\u0022 /\u003E GMS WGA10-WGE19参加者（ADB提供）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), which includes Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, was founded in 1992 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) aimed to enhance sub-regional economic cooperation among the countries. Since then, working groups on specific sectors have been established in the GMS. The Working Group on Agriculture (WGA), one sector under the GMS program, was launched in 2002 as a discussion platform to promote agriculture cooperation within the GMS . The 10th Working Group on Agriculture (WGA-10) was held in Xieng Khouang, Lao PDR during April 2 - 4, 2013, together with the 19th Working Group on Environment (WGE-19). The theme for this year was “Facilitating Pro-Poor Green Value Chain Development in the GMS”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring this meeting, the experts reviewed the progress of the Core Agricultural Support Program (CASP) Phase II under the GMS agricultural development plan 2011 - 2015, and exchanged the opinions with project’s donors.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlso, JIRCAS introduced three projects: Indochina Rural Project, which is carried out in Lao PDR to implement both self-sufficient food production and sustainable commercial agriculture for small farmers, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which introduces the biogas digester technology in the Mekong-delta region, and the project respond to climate change, which studies the effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) mechanism on rice yield.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a CASP-II project under the ADB management, the Nitrogen Recycle Project, which aims to cut GHG emission from improper use of organic fertilizers, was introduced. JIRCAS, a national institute with many research outcomeshas, shown its interest to provide the necessary technology and information when the projects reach their completions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA total of 142 delegates from the GMS countries and the related international organizations (such as ADB, FAO and IFAD), as well as various enterprises and NGOs that were involved in the green value chain, such as organic agriculture, fair trade and eco-tourism, have attended the meeting.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022GMS WGA10-WGE19 participants (photo provided by ADO)\u0022 height=\u0022270\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/gms-wga-10.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022418\u0022 /\u003E GMS WGA10-WGE19 participants (photo provided by ADO)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/blog/jsmeca-ifrpd#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会調査団のカセサート大学食品研究所訪問", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会調査団のカセサート大学食品研究所訪問", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "一般社団法人東京都中小企業診断士協会認定の食品業界研究会は、食品関係に造詣の深い、あるいは関心を持っている中小企業診断士の皆様がメンバーとなり、日本の食品関連企業の海外進出支援をテーマに掲げて、研究及び支援活動を行っています。この度、同研究会はタイ国を対象に取り上げ、同国へ進出している日系食品関連企業等の現状を調査するため、研究会メンバーで構成される調査団がバンコクを訪問されました。平成25年6月29日、調査団御一行に、JIRCASの共同研究機関であるカセサート大学食品研究所（IFRPD）を訪問していただくことができました。\n\nIFRPDでは、同センター所長Ms. Patcharee TungtrakulからIFRPDの活動やJIRCASとの共同研究に関する説明を受けた後、タイにおける食品産業の現状や、日系中小食品関係企業のタイ進出の可能性等について、情報収集と意見交換が行われました。\n\n\u003Cimg alt=\u0022IFRPDを訪問中の東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会御一行（写真左側）\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/jsmeca.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022432\u0022 height=\u0022324\u0022 /\u003E IFRPDを訪問中の東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会御一行（写真左側）", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "一般社団法人東京都中小企業診断士協会認定の食品業界研究会は、食品関係に造詣の深い、あるいは関心を持っている中小企業診断士の皆様がメンバーとなり、日本の食品関連企業の海外進出支援をテーマに掲げて、研究及び支援活動を行っています。この度、同研究会はタイ国を対象に取り上げ、同国へ進出している日系食品関連企業等の現状を調査するため、研究会メンバーで構成される調査団がバンコクを訪問されました。平成25年6月29日、調査団御一行に、JIRCASの共同研究機関であるカセサート大学食品研究所（IFRPD）を訪問していただくことができました。\n\nIFRPDでは、同センター所長Ms. Patcharee TungtrakulからIFRPDの活動やJIRCASとの共同研究に関する説明を受けた後、タイにおける食品産業の現状や、日系中小食品関係企業のタイ進出の可能性等について、情報収集と意見交換が行われました。\n\n\u003Cimg alt=\u0022IFRPDを訪問中の東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会御一行（写真左側）\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/jsmeca.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022432\u0022 height=\u0022324\u0022 /\u003E IFRPDを訪問中の東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会御一行（写真左側）", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_5#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会調査団のカセサート大学食品研究所訪問", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会調査団のカセサート大学食品研究所訪問", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E一般社団法人東京都中小企業診断士協会認定の食品業界研究会は、食品関係に造詣の深い、あるいは関心を持っている中小企業診断士の皆様がメンバーとなり、日本の食品関連企業の海外進出支援をテーマに掲げて、研究及び支援活動を行っています。この度、同研究会はタイ国を対象に取り上げ、同国へ進出している日系食品関連企業等の現状を調査するため、研究会メンバーで構成される調査団がバンコクを訪問されました。平成25年6月29日、調査団御一行に、JIRCASの共同研究機関であるカセサート大学食品研究所（IFRPD）を訪問していただくことができました。 IFRPDでは、同センター所長Ms. Patcharee TungtrakulからIFRPDの活動やJIRCASとの共同研究に関する説明を受けた後、タイにおける食品産業の現状や、日系中小食品関係企業のタイ進出の可能性等について、情報収集と意見交換が行われました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022IFRPDを訪問中の東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会御一行（写真左側）\u0022 height=\u0022324\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/jsmeca.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022432\u0022 /\u003E IFRPDを訪問中の東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会御一行（写真左側）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "一般社団法人東京都中小企業診断士協会認定の食品業界研究会は、食品関係に造詣の深い、あるいは関心を持っている中小企業診断士の皆様がメンバーとなり、日本の食品関連企業の海外進出支援をテーマに掲げて、研究及び支援活動を行っています。この度、同研究会はタイ国を対象に取り上げ、同国へ進出している日系食品関連企業等の現状を調査するため、研究会メンバーで構成される調査団がバンコクを訪問されました。平成25年6月29日、調査団御一行に、JIRCASの共同研究機関であるカセサート大学食品研究所（IFRPD）を訪問していただくことができました。\n\nIFRPDでは、同センター所長Ms. Patcharee TungtrakulからIFRPDの活動やJIRCASとの共同研究に関する説明を受けた後、タイにおける食品産業の現状や、日系中小食品関係企業のタイ進出の可能性等について、情報収集と意見交換が行われました。\n\n\u003Cimg alt=\u0022IFRPDを訪問中の東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会御一行（写真左側）\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/jsmeca.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022432\u0022 height=\u0022324\u0022 /\u003E IFRPDを訪問中の東京都中小企業診断士協会食品業界研究会御一行（写真左側）", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/fao-tcpfp#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E-- Crop Supply and Demand Analysis in Cambodia and Laos\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to contribute to investment planning and policy-making related to alleviation of undernourishment and poverty in Cambodian and Laos, JIRCAS and FAO, using general software, have developed an econometric model which can be used by governments. The FAO TCP (Technical Cooperation Programme) Facility Project workshop, hosted by JIRCAS and FAO RAP (Regional Representative for Asia and Pacific) and supported by AFSIS (ASEAN Food Security Information System), was held on July 8, 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand. The workshop brought together about fifty experts of agricultural economics and agricultural statistics from 10 ASEAN countries. The purpose of the workshop is to present the background, structure and analysis results of the model and introduce the model’s?utilization and the possible ways of technique extension. Mr. Vili A. Fuavao, FAO Deputy Regional Representative, said in his opening remarks that the world has to produce more than 70% food to cope with food demand in 2050. Due to the farmland reduction, population growth, slowdown of productivity improvement and climate change, food increase has become a big issue. In order to correctly analyze global food supply and demand, it is important to develop models. Mr. Apichart Jongskulm, the Secretary General of OAE (Office of Agricultural Economics) of Thailand, said in his welcome remarks that correct food supply and demand models have high values not only for researchers but also for policy makers. He also showed high expectations towards the workshop. Mr. Koyama, Director of JIRCAS Research Strategy Office, explained the research history of JIRCAS food supply and demand model, and its current utilization in international organizations such as FAO and IFPRI. He also pointed out that there are some limitations within the model use although the model is considered as a powerful tool to understand food market. In addition, Dr. Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana, Kasetsart University, Thailand, gave the speech on “ASEAN model by FAO GCP (Government Cooperative Programme) Project in 2008” and “Theoretical and Technical Background of Econometric Model”. Dr. Eiichi Kusano, JIRCAS researcher, presented his topics on “Cambodia and Laos Models: Framework and Projection Results” and “Utilization of Study Results for Food Supply and Demand Analyses”. In following session, the experts discussed the model development status and result application in Southeast Asia. In the end, Mr. Hiroyuki Konuma, Regional Representative for Asia and the Pacific, gave the closing remarks. He said: FAO food supply and demand model, after supported by Japanese government, now selects Cambodia and Laos as its analysis objects and is trying to make some modification. With the advices from other countries, it is expected that the model can be widely used in ASEAN countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation in workshop (Mr. Koyama)\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/FAO_TCPFP.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E Presentation in workshop (Mr. Koyama)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop participants\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/FAO_TCPFP-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop participants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E-- Crop Supply and Demand Analysis in Cambodia and Laos\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to contribute to investment planning and policy-making related to alleviation of undernourishment and poverty in Cambodian and Laos, JIRCAS and FAO, using general software, have developed an econometric model which can be used by governments. The FAO TCP (Technical Cooperation Programme) Facility Project workshop, hosted by JIRCAS and FAO RAP (Regional Representative for Asia and Pacific) and supported by AFSIS (ASEAN Food Security Information System), was held on July 8, 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand. The workshop brought together about fifty experts of agricultural economics and agricultural statistics from 10 ASEAN countries. The purpose of the workshop is to present the background, structure and analysis results of the model and introduce the model’s?utilization and the possible ways of technique extension. Mr. Vili A. Fuavao, FAO Deputy Regional Representative, said in his opening remarks that the world has to produce more than 70% food to cope with food demand in 2050. Due to the farmland reduction, population growth, slowdown of productivity improvement and climate change, food increase has become a big issue. In order to correctly analyze global food supply and demand, it is important to develop models. Mr. Apichart Jongskulm, the Secretary General of OAE (Office of Agricultural Economics) of Thailand, said in his welcome remarks that correct food supply and demand models have high values not only for researchers but also for policy makers. He also showed high expectations towards the workshop. Mr. Koyama, Director of JIRCAS Research Strategy Office, explained the research history of JIRCAS food supply and demand model, and its current utilization in international organizations such as FAO and IFPRI. He also pointed out that there are some limitations within the model use although the model is considered as a powerful tool to understand food market. In addition, Dr. Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana, Kasetsart University, Thailand, gave the speech on “ASEAN model by FAO GCP (Government Cooperative Programme) Project in 2008” and “Theoretical and Technical Background of Econometric Model”. Dr. Eiichi Kusano, JIRCAS researcher, presented his topics on “Cambodia and Laos Models: Framework and Projection Results” and “Utilization of Study Results for Food Supply and Demand Analyses”. In following session, the experts discussed the model development status and result application in Southeast Asia. In the end, Mr. Hiroyuki Konuma, Regional Representative for Asia and the Pacific, gave the closing remarks. He said: FAO food supply and demand model, after supported by Japanese government, now selects Cambodia and Laos as its analysis objects and is trying to make some modification. With the advices from other countries, it is expected that the model can be widely used in ASEAN countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation in workshop (Mr. Koyama)\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/FAO_TCPFP.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E Presentation in workshop (Mr. Koyama)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop participants\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/FAO_TCPFP-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop participants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_6#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "FAO TCP Facility Project Workshopの開催", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASとFAO は、カンボジアとラオスを対象として当該国の投資計画や栄養不足・貧困に対する政策策定に寄与するため、汎用的なソフトウェアを用いて各国政府で運用可能な計量経済モデルを開発してきました。本ワークショップ?(Crop Supply and Demand Analysis in Cambodia and Laos) は、モデルの背景、構造、分析結果を示すとともに、参加者にモデルを提供してその操作及び拡張の技術を移転することを目的として、JIRCASとFAOアジア・太平洋地域事務所（RAP）が主催し、ASEAN 食料安全保障情報システム（AFSIS）の協力を得て、平成25年7月8日にタイ・バンコクで開催されました。ワークショップには、ASEAN10ヶ国の農業経済、農業統計の専門家を中心に約50名が参加しました。 冒頭のオープニングセッションでは、FAO RAP 副代表のMr. Vili A. Fuavaoが、「2050年の世界の食糧需要に対応するためには、今後食糧生産を約70％増産することが必要。農地の制約、都市人口増加、生産性向上の鈍化、気候変動など、食糧増産には課題が大きい。食糧需給の正確な分析を行うため、モデル開発の重要性は高い。」と開会挨拶を行いました。また、タイ農業・協同組合省農業経済事務所（OAE）局長のMr. Apichart Jongskulが、歓迎挨拶の中で「正確な食糧需給モデルは研究者だけでなく、政策立案者にとっても利用価値が高い。」として、ワークショップに対する期待を強調しました。さらに、JIRCAS小山修研究戦略室長から、JIRCASにおける需給モデル研究の歴史が説明され、JIRCASの開発したモデルが現在もFAOやIFPRIなどの国際機関で活用されていること、需給モデルは食糧市場を理解する強力なツールだが、限界を理解して活用することが重要であること等が述べられました。 ワークショップでは、「FAO GCPプロジェクトで開発されたASEANモデル」及び「計量経済モデルの理論・技術的背景」（タイ・カセサート大学 Dr. Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana）、「カンボジアとラオスにおける食糧需給モデル：構成と予測結果」、「食糧需給分析に向けた研究成果活用」（JIRCAS草野栄一研究員）などの講演が行われ、東南アジアにおけるモデル開発の現状と成果の活用について議論が行われました。 最後に、FAO RAP小沼廣幸代表から、「FAOにおける食糧需給モデルは、日本政府の支援による開発が行われた後、現在はラオスとカンボジアをモデル国として、その改良を図ってきた。他国からの助言も得て、モデルがASEAN各国に幅広く活用されることとなることを期待している。」との閉会挨拶がなされました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ワークショップで講演する小山研究戦略室長\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/FAO_TCPFP.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E ワークショップで講演する小山研究戦略室長\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop参加者\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/FAO_TCPFP-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop参加者\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E-- Crop Supply and Demand Analysis in Cambodia and Laos\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to contribute to investment planning and policy-making related to alleviation of undernourishment and poverty in Cambodian and Laos, JIRCAS and FAO, using general software, have developed an econometric model which can be used by governments. The FAO TCP (Technical Cooperation Programme) Facility Project workshop, hosted by JIRCAS and FAO RAP (Regional Representative for Asia and Pacific) and supported by AFSIS (ASEAN Food Security Information System), was held on July 8, 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand. The workshop brought together about fifty experts of agricultural economics and agricultural statistics from 10 ASEAN countries. The purpose of the workshop is to present the background, structure and analysis results of the model and introduce the model’s?utilization and the possible ways of technique extension. Mr. Vili A. Fuavao, FAO Deputy Regional Representative, said in his opening remarks that the world has to produce more than 70% food to cope with food demand in 2050. Due to the farmland reduction, population growth, slowdown of productivity improvement and climate change, food increase has become a big issue. In order to correctly analyze global food supply and demand, it is important to develop models. Mr. Apichart Jongskulm, the Secretary General of OAE (Office of Agricultural Economics) of Thailand, said in his welcome remarks that correct food supply and demand models have high values not only for researchers but also for policy makers. He also showed high expectations towards the workshop. Mr. Koyama, Director of JIRCAS Research Strategy Office, explained the research history of JIRCAS food supply and demand model, and its current utilization in international organizations such as FAO and IFPRI. He also pointed out that there are some limitations within the model use although the model is considered as a powerful tool to understand food market. In addition, Dr. Prapinwadee Sirisupluxana, Kasetsart University, Thailand, gave the speech on “ASEAN model by FAO GCP (Government Cooperative Programme) Project in 2008” and “Theoretical and Technical Background of Econometric Model”. Dr. Eiichi Kusano, JIRCAS researcher, presented his topics on “Cambodia and Laos Models: Framework and Projection Results” and “Utilization of Study Results for Food Supply and Demand Analyses”. In following session, the experts discussed the model development status and result application in Southeast Asia. In the end, Mr. Hiroyuki Konuma, Regional Representative for Asia and the Pacific, gave the closing remarks. He said: FAO food supply and demand model, after supported by Japanese government, now selects Cambodia and Laos as its analysis objects and is trying to make some modification. With the advices from other countries, it is expected that the model can be widely used in ASEAN countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation in workshop (Mr. Koyama)\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/FAO_TCPFP.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E Presentation in workshop (Mr. Koyama)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop participants\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/FAO_TCPFP-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E FAO TCP Facility Project Workshop participants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/aasw-6#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "The 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/ghana#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ghana", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ガーナ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ghana", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week was convened from July 15-19, 2013 in Accra, Ghana. The theme of this year is “Africa Feeding Africa through Agricultural Science and Innovation”. Total 1,334 delegates from various countries, including the special guest of honor, H.E John Dramani Mahama, Vice President of the Republic of Ghana, attended the science week event. Every three years, the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa, collaborated with the government of host country, organizes a continental gathering. The gathering brought together all stakeholders who are involved in African agricultural research and development, such as international organizations, governments, NGOs and farmers. JIRCAS Africa Liaison set up a booth at the marketplace, exhibited the JIRCAS’ researches currently conducted in Ghana, Ethiopia, Burkina Faso and Nigeria. At the same time, the Liaison prepared materials which included the JIRCAS Outlines and JIRCAS News Letter, and introduced JIRCAS to interest visitors. 202 people visited the booth. The?participants not only expressed high concern on the research program to enhance rice production in Ghana and their implementation desires in neighbor countries, but also asked various questions related agricultural conservation of corn and soybean. Dr. Kanayo F. Nwanze, President of IFAD delivered the key note address. He said: to address the challenges of world, it is essential to continue to push the frontiers of science, knowledge and experimentation, while ensuring not to deplete the land and the resources. In Africa, small farmers, fisher and pastoralists feed more than 2 billion people. Therefore, we must recognize the importance to look at new and creative ways to make technologies and development accessible and affordable to them. During the last day’s business meeting, the 7th African Agricultural Science Week and General Assembly was ratified to be held in July 2016, Republic of Rwanda, and the 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week successfully ended.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022The 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/AASW.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E The 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS\u0027 booth at marketplace exhibition\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/jircas-booth.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS\u0027 booth at marketplace exhibition\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Explanation to visitor (Dr. Dan, coordinator)\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/JIRCAS-africa-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Explanation to visitor (Dr. Dan, coordinator)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Market exhibition\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/JIRCAS-africa-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Market exhibition\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week was convened from July 15-19, 2013 in Accra, Ghana. The theme of this year is “Africa Feeding Africa through Agricultural Science and Innovation”. Total 1,334 delegates from various countries, including the special guest of honor, H.E John Dramani Mahama, Vice President of the Republic of Ghana, attended the science week event. Every three years, the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa, collaborated with the government of host country, organizes a continental gathering. The gathering brought together all stakeholders who are involved in African agricultural research and development, such as international organizations, governments, NGOs and farmers. JIRCAS Africa Liaison set up a booth at the marketplace, exhibited the JIRCAS’ researches currently conducted in Ghana, Ethiopia, Burkina Faso and Nigeria. At the same time, the Liaison prepared materials which included the JIRCAS Outlines and JIRCAS News Letter, and introduced JIRCAS to interest visitors. 202 people visited the booth. The?participants not only expressed high concern on the research program to enhance rice production in Ghana and their implementation desires in neighbor countries, but also asked various questions related agricultural conservation of corn and soybean. Dr. Kanayo F. Nwanze, President of IFAD delivered the key note address. He said: to address the challenges of world, it is essential to continue to push the frontiers of science, knowledge and experimentation, while ensuring not to deplete the land and the resources. In Africa, small farmers, fisher and pastoralists feed more than 2 billion people. Therefore, we must recognize the importance to look at new and creative ways to make technologies and development accessible and affordable to them. During the last day’s business meeting, the 7th African Agricultural Science Week and General Assembly was ratified to be held in July 2016, Republic of Rwanda, and the 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week successfully ended.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022The 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/AASW.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E The 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS\u0027 booth at marketplace exhibition\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/jircas-booth.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS\u0027 booth at marketplace exhibition\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Explanation to visitor (Dr. Dan, coordinator)\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/JIRCAS-africa-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Explanation to visitor (Dr. Dan, coordinator)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Market exhibition\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/JIRCAS-africa-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Market exhibition\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_7#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アフリカ農業科学週間", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/ghana#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ghana", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ガーナ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ghana", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ農業科学週間は、開催国の政府の協力の下、アフリカの農業開発に関わる国際機関、政府、NGO、農家などを対象にFARA（Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa: アフリカ農業研究フォーラム）が3年毎に主催するものです。第6回はガーナ国アクラにおいて2013年7月15日〜20日の6日間にわたり、開催されました。今回のテーマは「農業の科学と革新を通じたアフリカによるアフリカへの食料供給」で、ガーナ国副大統領を始め、各国閣僚など1,334名の参加がありました。 JIRCASアフリカ連絡拠点は、広報ブースを設置し、ガーナ国、エチオピア国、ブルキナ・ファソ国、ナイジェリア国で実施中の研究ポスターの展示を行い、JIRCAS要覧およびニュースレターを用いて、広報活動を行いました（記帳者202名）。来客者からは、ガーナ国で実施した稲作推進に関する研究の継続や近隣諸国での実施要望、トウモロコシや豆類を対象とした保全農業に関する研究についてなどの、多くの質問がありました。 基調講演では、国際農業開発基金のKanayo F. Nwanze総裁から「地球規模の課題に取り組むにあたっては、我々の有する自然資源を枯渇させることなく、科学、知識および試験研究を継続して推進することが重要である。さらには、これらの推進に際して、20億人に食料を供給する役割を持つ小規模農民、漁民、牧民の現場に対応した利用可能かつ手頃な価格の技術を開発するために最新かつ創造的な手段を探ることが最も重要である。」との発言がありました。 最終日のビジネス会合では、次回、第7回は2016年7月にルワンダ国で開催される予定であるとの発表があり、本会は盛会のうちに終わりました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022閣僚会議の様子\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/AASW.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E 閣僚会議の様子\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCASブースの様子 \u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/jircas-booth.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E JIRCASブースの様子\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022来訪者への説明（團地域コーディネーター） \u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/JIRCAS-africa-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E 来訪者への説明（團地域コーディネーター）\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022会場風景\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/JIRCAS-africa-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E 会場風景\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week was convened from July 15-19, 2013 in Accra, Ghana. The theme of this year is “Africa Feeding Africa through Agricultural Science and Innovation”. Total 1,334 delegates from various countries, including the special guest of honor, H.E John Dramani Mahama, Vice President of the Republic of Ghana, attended the science week event. Every three years, the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa, collaborated with the government of host country, organizes a continental gathering. The gathering brought together all stakeholders who are involved in African agricultural research and development, such as international organizations, governments, NGOs and farmers. JIRCAS Africa Liaison set up a booth at the marketplace, exhibited the JIRCAS’ researches currently conducted in Ghana, Ethiopia, Burkina Faso and Nigeria. At the same time, the Liaison prepared materials which included the JIRCAS Outlines and JIRCAS News Letter, and introduced JIRCAS to interest visitors. 202 people visited the booth. The?participants not only expressed high concern on the research program to enhance rice production in Ghana and their implementation desires in neighbor countries, but also asked various questions related agricultural conservation of corn and soybean. Dr. Kanayo F. Nwanze, President of IFAD delivered the key note address. He said: to address the challenges of world, it is essential to continue to push the frontiers of science, knowledge and experimentation, while ensuring not to deplete the land and the resources. In Africa, small farmers, fisher and pastoralists feed more than 2 billion people. Therefore, we must recognize the importance to look at new and creative ways to make technologies and development accessible and affordable to them. During the last day’s business meeting, the 7th African Agricultural Science Week and General Assembly was ratified to be held in July 2016, Republic of Rwanda, and the 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week successfully ended.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022The 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/AASW.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E The 6th Africa Agriculture Science Week\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS\u0027 booth at marketplace exhibition\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/jircas-booth.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS\u0027 booth at marketplace exhibition\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Explanation to visitor (Dr. Dan, coordinator)\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/JIRCAS-africa-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Explanation to visitor (Dr. Dan, coordinator)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Market exhibition\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/JIRCAS-africa-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Market exhibition\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/thai-field-survey#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Field Surveys on Thailand Reservoirs", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Field Surveys on Thailand Reservoirs", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has participated into the collaborative program, supported by MAFF subsidized fund, to promote the Africa rice cultivation in sub-Sahara region. The purpose of this program is to investigate the current situation of water facilities such as reservoirs and water management technologies in this region. Water management and reservoir construction technologies have been widely used in Asia for many years. To examine the possibility to apply these existing experiences and technologies into Africa, with the collaboration of Land Development Department (LDD), we made field surveys on small irrigation system such as reservoirs in Thailand in July 2013. In center area of Thailand, two provinces, Prachin Buri and Nakhon Nayok, were selected as the survey areas. We collected the information on the water management and water resource use of reservoirs, and interviewed beneficiary farmers and local LDD officers. Two larger reservoirs (water-surface areas are about 100,000 m\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003E and 50,000 m\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003E, respectively) in Prachin Buri province and two small reservoirs (volume of water is about 1,260 m\u003Csup\u003E3\u003C/sup\u003E) in Nakhon Nayok province were visited. It was found that large reservoirs have strong influences on water use and agricultural production to beneficiary farmers due to the bad management system. And the water from small reservoir, which usually costs 20,000 baht (approximate 60,000 Japanese yuan) to build, is mainly used by daily life and home garden. Meanwhile, capturing fish from the reservoirs during rainy season also improve farmers\u0027 income. In north-eastern province of Thailand, 1,260 projects in Khon Kaen, which are promoted by Thailand government as small reservoir improvement projects, were investigated. Through our investigations, we found that many technologies in Thailand can be applied into Africa. For example, the Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) technology is used in local area for sediment control around the reservoirs due to gradually decline in function of sediment accumulates after reservoirs are upgraded. Moreover, because of the rapid water loss by seepage from reservoirs on sand soils, the bentonite (fine clay) is applied to reduce seepage.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Reservoir field survey (Nakhon Nayok)\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/Nakhon-Nayok.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E Reservoir field survey (Nakhon Nayok)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Vetiver around reservoir (Khon Kaen)\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/Khon-Kaen.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E Vetiver around reservoir (Khon Kaen)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has participated into the collaborative program, supported by MAFF subsidized fund, to promote the Africa rice cultivation in sub-Sahara region. The purpose of this program is to investigate the current situation of water facilities such as reservoirs and water management technologies in this region. Water management and reservoir construction technologies have been widely used in Asia for many years. To examine the possibility to apply these existing experiences and technologies into Africa, with the collaboration of Land Development Department (LDD), we made field surveys on small irrigation system such as reservoirs in Thailand in July 2013. In center area of Thailand, two provinces, Prachin Buri and Nakhon Nayok, were selected as the survey areas. We collected the information on the water management and water resource use of reservoirs, and interviewed beneficiary farmers and local LDD officers. Two larger reservoirs (water-surface areas are about 100,000 m\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003E and 50,000 m\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003E, respectively) in Prachin Buri province and two small reservoirs (volume of water is about 1,260 m\u003Csup\u003E3\u003C/sup\u003E) in Nakhon Nayok province were visited. It was found that large reservoirs have strong influences on water use and agricultural production to beneficiary farmers due to the bad management system. And the water from small reservoir, which usually costs 20,000 baht (approximate 60,000 Japanese yuan) to build, is mainly used by daily life and home garden. Meanwhile, capturing fish from the reservoirs during rainy season also improve farmers\u0027 income. In north-eastern province of Thailand, 1,260 projects in Khon Kaen, which are promoted by Thailand government as small reservoir improvement projects, were investigated. Through our investigations, we found that many technologies in Thailand can be applied into Africa. For example, the Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) technology is used in local area for sediment control around the reservoirs due to gradually decline in function of sediment accumulates after reservoirs are upgraded. Moreover, because of the rapid water loss by seepage from reservoirs on sand soils, the bentonite (fine clay) is applied to reduce seepage.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Reservoir field survey (Nakhon Nayok)\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/Nakhon-Nayok.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E Reservoir field survey (Nakhon Nayok)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Vetiver around reservoir (Khon Kaen)\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/Khon-Kaen.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E Vetiver around reservoir (Khon Kaen)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイのため池に関する現地調査", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Field Surveys on Thailand Reservoirs", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASは、サブサハラアフリカにおける稲作を推進することを目的として、同地域におけるため池などの水利施設の管理状況、水管理技術の実態について調査を行っています（農林水産省補助事業　アフリカ稲作普及促進整備調査）。2013年7月、アジアで行われているため池築造技術や水管理の経験をアフリカで活用する可能性を検討するため、タイにおけるため池など小規模灌漑の現状に関する現地調査がタイ土地開発局（LDD）の協力を得て行われました。 タイ中央部における調査では、プラチンブリー県とナコンナヨック県を対象とし、ため池の水管理や水利用の状況を、受益農家やLDD地方事務所担当者などからの聞き取りにより把握しました。 プラチンブリー県では、比較的大規模（貯水面積約10万平米及び5万平米）のため池２ヶ所を訪問し、ナコンナヨック県では小規模（貯水量1,260立米）のため池２ヶ所を訪問しました。大規模のため池では、建設後の管理体制の差が、水利用や受益者の農業生産に強く影響すること、小規模のため池は、2万バーツ（約6万円）の費用で建設でき、主に生活用水や家庭菜園に使用されていますが、雨期に池に入った魚の捕獲などで、農家の収入改善に役立つことがわかりました。 また、タイ東北部コンケン県では1260プロジェクト（タイ国が進めている小規模ため池整備プロジェクト）を中心に調査を進めました。ため池は整備後に土砂が溜まり機能が低下していくのですが、当地ではVetiver Grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides)でため池周辺を保護することにより土砂堆積を抑える取り組みをしていました。また、砂質土はため池からの漏水が大きいのですが、ベントナイト（粒子の細かな粘土）による遮水などアフリカでも適用できる可能性のある技術が多くありました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ため池現地調査（ナコンナヨック県）\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/Nakhon-Nayok.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E ため池現地調査（ナコンナヨック県）\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ため池周辺のVetiver（コンケン県）\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/Khon-Kaen.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E ため池周辺のVetiver（コンケン県）\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has participated into the collaborative program, supported by MAFF subsidized fund, to promote the Africa rice cultivation in sub-Sahara region. The purpose of this program is to investigate the current situation of water facilities such as reservoirs and water management technologies in this region. Water management and reservoir construction technologies have been widely used in Asia for many years. To examine the possibility to apply these existing experiences and technologies into Africa, with the collaboration of Land Development Department (LDD), we made field surveys on small irrigation system such as reservoirs in Thailand in July 2013. In center area of Thailand, two provinces, Prachin Buri and Nakhon Nayok, were selected as the survey areas. We collected the information on the water management and water resource use of reservoirs, and interviewed beneficiary farmers and local LDD officers. Two larger reservoirs (water-surface areas are about 100,000 m\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003E and 50,000 m\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003E, respectively) in Prachin Buri province and two small reservoirs (volume of water is about 1,260 m\u003Csup\u003E3\u003C/sup\u003E) in Nakhon Nayok province were visited. It was found that large reservoirs have strong influences on water use and agricultural production to beneficiary farmers due to the bad management system. And the water from small reservoir, which usually costs 20,000 baht (approximate 60,000 Japanese yuan) to build, is mainly used by daily life and home garden. Meanwhile, capturing fish from the reservoirs during rainy season also improve farmers\u0027 income. In north-eastern province of Thailand, 1,260 projects in Khon Kaen, which are promoted by Thailand government as small reservoir improvement projects, were investigated. Through our investigations, we found that many technologies in Thailand can be applied into Africa. For example, the Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) technology is used in local area for sediment control around the reservoirs due to gradually decline in function of sediment accumulates after reservoirs are upgraded. Moreover, because of the rapid water loss by seepage from reservoirs on sand soils, the bentonite (fine clay) is applied to reduce seepage.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Reservoir field survey (Nakhon Nayok)\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/Nakhon-Nayok.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E Reservoir field survey (Nakhon Nayok)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Vetiver around reservoir (Khon Kaen)\u0022 height=\u0022225\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/Khon-Kaen.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022300\u0022 /\u003E Vetiver around reservoir (Khon Kaen)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/iita-visit#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Visit", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Visit", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/nigeria#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nigeria", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ナイジェリア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Nigeria", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS-IITA collaborative program “Evaluation and Utilization of Diverse Genetic Materials in Tropical Crops (EDITS)”, which aims to contribute to food security, has been conducted in Nigeria. Recently, researchers from JIRCAS visited the IITA. This time, they mainly focused on the cultivation and utilization of Africa traditional crops: yam and cowpea. Yam is a staple food in Western Africa. Although 93% of world yam products come from the Western Africa, the increase in yam supply does not catch up with the demand. Cowpea is one of the major leguminous crops in Western Africa. The statistics show that more than 80% cowpea worldwide are produced and consumed in this region, and cowpea has become the primary source of protein and minerals for poor people in the region. For these reasons, JIRCAS chose these two crops as its research objects, and set up two IITA collaborative projects named “Accelerate Yam’s genetic improvement using advanced genomic and genetic researches” and “Establish development strategy of cowpea for value addition and better utilization”. IITA expressed its great expectations on these two projects and provided active cooperation. The information obtained from the IITA visit is considered to be able to contribute to further researches. During the IITA visit,? various researchers, including not only JIRCAS but also three IITA researchers and students dispatched by Japanese universities, were involved in the projects. Although the public security in Nigeria is not good enough, and research and life outside facilities are not convenient compared to Japan, it was still an unforgettable sight, where researchers collaborated to overcome these problems and worked hard for Africa agriculture development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS laboratory and research assistants\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/laboratary-assistant.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS laboratory and research assistants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Yam field investigation\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/field-investigate.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Yam field investigation\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Courtesy visit by Director of IITA-Western Africa Hub\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/iita-visit.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Courtesy visit by Director of IITA-Western Africa Hub\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opinion exchange with Japanese researchers\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/opinion-exchange.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Opinion exchange with Japanese researchers\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS-IITA collaborative program “Evaluation and Utilization of Diverse Genetic Materials in Tropical Crops (EDITS)”, which aims to contribute to food security, has been conducted in Nigeria. Recently, researchers from JIRCAS visited the IITA. This time, they mainly focused on the cultivation and utilization of Africa traditional crops: yam and cowpea. Yam is a staple food in Western Africa. Although 93% of world yam products come from the Western Africa, the increase in yam supply does not catch up with the demand. Cowpea is one of the major leguminous crops in Western Africa. The statistics show that more than 80% cowpea worldwide are produced and consumed in this region, and cowpea has become the primary source of protein and minerals for poor people in the region. For these reasons, JIRCAS chose these two crops as its research objects, and set up two IITA collaborative projects named “Accelerate Yam’s genetic improvement using advanced genomic and genetic researches” and “Establish development strategy of cowpea for value addition and better utilization”. IITA expressed its great expectations on these two projects and provided active cooperation. The information obtained from the IITA visit is considered to be able to contribute to further researches. During the IITA visit,? various researchers, including not only JIRCAS but also three IITA researchers and students dispatched by Japanese universities, were involved in the projects. Although the public security in Nigeria is not good enough, and research and life outside facilities are not convenient compared to Japan, it was still an unforgettable sight, where researchers collaborated to overcome these problems and worked hard for Africa agriculture development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS laboratory and research assistants\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/laboratary-assistant.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS laboratory and research assistants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Yam field investigation\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/field-investigate.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Yam field investigation\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Courtesy visit by Director of IITA-Western Africa Hub\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/iita-visit.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Courtesy visit by Director of IITA-Western Africa Hub\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opinion exchange with Japanese researchers\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/opinion-exchange.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Opinion exchange with Japanese researchers\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_8#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際熱帯農業研究所を訪問", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Visit", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/nigeria#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nigeria", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ナイジェリア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Nigeria", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASの4つの研究プログラムの一つ、食料安定生産に資することを目的とした「熱帯作物開発プロジェクト」で共同研究を実施しているナイジェリア国にある国際熱帯農業研究所（International Institute of Tropical Agriculture: IITA）を訪問しました。今回の訪問では、アフリカの人々が伝統的に栽培・利用してきた作物であるヤムイモとササゲを中心に視察しました。 ヤムイモは西アフリカの主食であり、全世界の93%が西アフリカで生産されていますが、需要が供給に追いついていない状況にあります。ササゲは西アフリカの主要なマメ科作物で80%以上が西アフリカで生産・消費されており、貧困層にも摂取可能なタンパク質とミネラルの供給源となっています。このため、JIRCASではこれらの作物を対象に、「ヤムイモの遺伝的改良を効率化させる分子生物学活用のための基礎情報収集」および「付加価値化のためのササゲ開発戦略の構築」を目的とした研究を実施しています。この研究課題はIITAからも大きな期待を寄せられており、アフリカ連絡拠点としても、今回の視察により得た情報等は、今後、適切な関係機関等へ提供するよう努めたいと考えています。 また訪問時、IITAには、JIRCAS職員以外にもIITAに所属する3人の研究員および大学から派遣された学生といった多くの日本人が研究に取り組んでいました。ナイジェリア国は治安上の問題から、日本国内に比べると敷地外での研究や生活が自由にできない環境下にありますが、彼らとの意見交換の場では、皆が協力・連携を図りつつ、現地スタッフ等と共にアフリカの農業開発を目指して各自の研究課題に取組んでいる姿が印象的でした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS実験室と研究助手\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/laboratary-assistant.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS実験室と研究助手\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ヤムイモ研究ほ場の視察\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/field-investigate.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E ヤムイモ研究ほ場の視察\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022日本人研究者との意見交換\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/opinion-exchange.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 日本人研究者との意見交換\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022IITA西アフリカ拠点長の表敬訪問\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/iita-visit.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E IITA西アフリカ拠点長の表敬訪問\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS-IITA collaborative program “Evaluation and Utilization of Diverse Genetic Materials in Tropical Crops (EDITS)”, which aims to contribute to food security, has been conducted in Nigeria. Recently, researchers from JIRCAS visited the IITA. This time, they mainly focused on the cultivation and utilization of Africa traditional crops: yam and cowpea. Yam is a staple food in Western Africa. Although 93% of world yam products come from the Western Africa, the increase in yam supply does not catch up with the demand. Cowpea is one of the major leguminous crops in Western Africa. The statistics show that more than 80% cowpea worldwide are produced and consumed in this region, and cowpea has become the primary source of protein and minerals for poor people in the region. For these reasons, JIRCAS chose these two crops as its research objects, and set up two IITA collaborative projects named “Accelerate Yam’s genetic improvement using advanced genomic and genetic researches” and “Establish development strategy of cowpea for value addition and better utilization”. IITA expressed its great expectations on these two projects and provided active cooperation. The information obtained from the IITA visit is considered to be able to contribute to further researches. During the IITA visit,? various researchers, including not only JIRCAS but also three IITA researchers and students dispatched by Japanese universities, were involved in the projects. Although the public security in Nigeria is not good enough, and research and life outside facilities are not convenient compared to Japan, it was still an unforgettable sight, where researchers collaborated to overcome these problems and worked hard for Africa agriculture development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS laboratory and research assistants\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/laboratary-assistant.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS laboratory and research assistants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Yam field investigation\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/field-investigate.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Yam field investigation\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Courtesy visit by Director of IITA-Western Africa Hub\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/iita-visit.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Courtesy visit by Director of IITA-Western Africa Hub\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opinion exchange with Japanese researchers\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/opinion-exchange.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Opinion exchange with Japanese researchers\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/save-food-campaign#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "\u0022High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region\u0022 was held", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u0022High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region\u0022 was held", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe annual global food loss in food supply chain is estimated 1.3 billion tonnes, which accounts for about one-third of world food production or is equivalent to 50 percent of vegetable and fruit production and 12 ~ 37 percent of rice production in Asia and the Pacific region, according to the FAO data, . Such loss mainly occurs in the process from post-harvest to market (food loss) and during the period of sale and consumption (food waste ).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Mascot for Save Food Asia-Pacific Campaign\u0022 height=\u0022141\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/save-food-mascot.png\u0022 width=\u0022100\u0022 /\u003E Mascot for Save Food Asia-Pacific Campaign\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo call on public attention to food losses and food waste in the region and promote sustainable food consumption, FAO launched a one-year campaign, named “The Save Food Asia-Pacific”. As the commencement of the campaign, “High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region” was held on August 27~28, 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand with collaboration of the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT). It aims to understand current states of food loss and food waste, analyze the causes and discuss solutions. More than 130 delegates from 20 countries, including four Agricultural Ministers (India, Maldives, Nepal and Thailand), and international agencies (ASEAN, UNEP and WHO, etc.) attended the Consultation. During the Consultation, country reports and approach cases of efforts to reduce food loss and food waste were presented, and group discussion on raising awareness, strategic action, and network establishment were made. JIRCAS has introduced its research network for utilization of regional food resources. The Consultation closed with the Joint Communique on “the fight against food loss and food waste concerns everyone – everyone can contribute”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region\u0022 height=\u0022360\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/save-food-consultation.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022480\u0022 /\u003E High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region, Bangkok, Thailand\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe annual global food loss in food supply chain is estimated 1.3 billion tonnes, which accounts for about one-third of world food production or is equivalent to 50 percent of vegetable and fruit production and 12 ~ 37 percent of rice production in Asia and the Pacific region, according to the FAO data, . Such loss mainly occurs in the process from post-harvest to market (food loss) and during the period of sale and consumption (food waste ).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Mascot for Save Food Asia-Pacific Campaign\u0022 height=\u0022141\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/save-food-mascot.png\u0022 width=\u0022100\u0022 /\u003E Mascot for Save Food Asia-Pacific Campaign\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo call on public attention to food losses and food waste in the region and promote sustainable food consumption, FAO launched a one-year campaign, named “The Save Food Asia-Pacific”. As the commencement of the campaign, “High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region” was held on August 27~28, 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand with collaboration of the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT). It aims to understand current states of food loss and food waste, analyze the causes and discuss solutions. More than 130 delegates from 20 countries, including four Agricultural Ministers (India, Maldives, Nepal and Thailand), and international agencies (ASEAN, UNEP and WHO, etc.) attended the Consultation. During the Consultation, country reports and approach cases of efforts to reduce food loss and food waste were presented, and group discussion on raising awareness, strategic action, and network establishment were made. JIRCAS has introduced its research network for utilization of regional food resources. The Consultation closed with the Joint Communique on “the fight against food loss and food waste concerns everyone – everyone can contribute”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region\u0022 height=\u0022360\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/save-food-consultation.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022480\u0022 /\u003E High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region, Bangkok, Thailand\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_9#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アジア・太平洋地域における食料ロスと廃棄に関するハイレベル・マルチステークホルダー協議」の開催", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u0022High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region\u0022 was held", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EFAOによれば、毎年世界の生産量の約三分の一に相当する13億トンの食料が、農業生産から消費に至るサプライチェーンの中でロス（food loss：収穫後市場へ供給されるまでに失われるもの）または廃棄（food waste：小売、消費段階で廃棄されるもの）により失われています。こうした損失は、アジア・太平洋地域では生産された野菜・果物の約50%、コメの12〜37%におよんでいます。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022マスコット（愛称を公募で選考中）\u0022 height=\u0022150\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/09/fanglei/save-food-mascot-150x150.png\u0022 width=\u0022150\u0022 /\u003E マスコット（愛称を公募で選考中） こうした状況を背景に、同地域の食料ロス・廃棄に関する意識の向上と、持続可能な食料消費を推進することを目的として、FAOはAIT（アジア工科大学）と協力して、”Save Food Asia-Pacific”キャンペーンを１年間の予定で実施することとなりました。本キャンペーンの開始にあたり、食料ロス・廃棄の現状を知り、原因と対策を議論することを目的として、「アジア・太平洋地域における食料ロスと廃棄に関するハイレベル・マルチステークホルダー協議」(High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region)がFAOとAITの共催により開催されました。 会合には、4ヶ国（インド、モルディブ、ネパール、タイ）の農業担当大臣を含む20ヶ国、国際機関（ASEAN、UNEP、WHO他）から130名を超える参加を得ました。会議では、食料ロス・廃棄に関するカントリーレポート発表、食料ロス・損失を減らすための取り組み事例の報告、意識向上、対応戦略、ネットワーク構築等のテーマに関するグループ討議が行われました。 JIRCASからは、食料資源プロジェクトで取り組んでいる地域食料資源を有効に活用するための研究ネットワークの概要を紹介しました。会議の最終セッションでは、「食料ロス・廃棄は全ての者が関係する問題であり、誰もがこの問題の解決に貢献できる」とする共同コミュニケを採択し、”Save Food Asia-Pacific”キャンペーンの開始を宣言しました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022会議の状況\u0022 height=\u0022389\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/09/fanglei/save-food-consultation.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022519\u0022 /\u003E 会議の状況\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe annual global food loss in food supply chain is estimated 1.3 billion tonnes, which accounts for about one-third of world food production or is equivalent to 50 percent of vegetable and fruit production and 12 ~ 37 percent of rice production in Asia and the Pacific region, according to the FAO data, . Such loss mainly occurs in the process from post-harvest to market (food loss) and during the period of sale and consumption (food waste ).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Mascot for Save Food Asia-Pacific Campaign\u0022 height=\u0022141\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/save-food-mascot.png\u0022 width=\u0022100\u0022 /\u003E Mascot for Save Food Asia-Pacific Campaign\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo call on public attention to food losses and food waste in the region and promote sustainable food consumption, FAO launched a one-year campaign, named “The Save Food Asia-Pacific”. As the commencement of the campaign, “High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region” was held on August 27~28, 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand with collaboration of the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT). It aims to understand current states of food loss and food waste, analyze the causes and discuss solutions. More than 130 delegates from 20 countries, including four Agricultural Ministers (India, Maldives, Nepal and Thailand), and international agencies (ASEAN, UNEP and WHO, etc.) attended the Consultation. During the Consultation, country reports and approach cases of efforts to reduce food loss and food waste were presented, and group discussion on raising awareness, strategic action, and network establishment were made. JIRCAS has introduced its research network for utilization of regional food resources. The Consultation closed with the Joint Communique on “the fight against food loss and food waste concerns everyone – everyone can contribute”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region\u0022 height=\u0022360\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/save-food-consultation.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022480\u0022 /\u003E High-Level Multi-Stakeholder Consultation on Food Losses and Food Waste in Asia and the Pacific Region, Bangkok, Thailand\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/waswac-ii#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Participation in 2nd WASWAC World Conference", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Participation in 2nd WASWAC World Conference", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 2nd WASWAC World Conference with theme “Threats to land and water resources in the 21st century” was held in Chiang Rai, Thailand on September 5~6, 2013, aiming at result presentation and information exchange. The WASWAC organized the conference with support by Engineering Institute of Thailand and Thammasat University of Thailand, and cooperation by Land Development Department (LDD), Nitional Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES), Japan, and other countries’ institutes and universities. Although researchers from Europe, Africa and America attended the conference, the participants from Asia, especially East and Southeast Asia, became the protagonist of the conference. Over the two day conference, total 14 sessions have been set up, including 1) methodologies to assess the extent of land degradation, 2) soil loss and landslide, 3) debris flow, 4) sedimentation, 5) global climate change, 6) impacts of land degradation, 7) ecological aspect of land degradation and restoration, 8) SWAT achievements, 9) control measures to prevent/mitigate land degradation and for restoration, 10) integrated measures to enhance soil and water conservation, 11) water resource management, 12) law and policy, 13) farmer’s role, 14) land use change and consequences. About 70 oral reports and 50 posts have been presented. JIRCAS introduced its research outputs from the project of on-going Long-term Soil Experiment (LTES) in Thailand by comparison of soil carbon coefficient between JIRCAS experimental fields and farm lands IPCC Guideline proposes. The 3th WASWAC World Conference will be held in Serbia in 2016. World Association of Soil and Water Conservation (WASWAC), a voluntary international academic society initially at the soil and water conservation, was established in 1983, USA. Until now, the WASWAC has more than one thousand members from around the world, including Japanese researchers. It not only conducts various workshops and training programs but also publishes several publications. In 2003, the secretariat of WASWAC eventually located in Beijing after temporarily moving to Bangkok. The WASWAC agreed to organize World Conference every three years since the 1st WASWAC World Conference was taken place in Xi’an, China in 2010.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u00222nd WASWAC World Conference\u0022 height=\u0022389\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/waswac-2nd.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022519\u0022 /\u003E WASWAC World Conference II\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 2nd WASWAC World Conference with theme “Threats to land and water resources in the 21st century” was held in Chiang Rai, Thailand on September 5~6, 2013, aiming at result presentation and information exchange. The WASWAC organized the conference with support by Engineering Institute of Thailand and Thammasat University of Thailand, and cooperation by Land Development Department (LDD), Nitional Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES), Japan, and other countries’ institutes and universities. Although researchers from Europe, Africa and America attended the conference, the participants from Asia, especially East and Southeast Asia, became the protagonist of the conference. Over the two day conference, total 14 sessions have been set up, including 1) methodologies to assess the extent of land degradation, 2) soil loss and landslide, 3) debris flow, 4) sedimentation, 5) global climate change, 6) impacts of land degradation, 7) ecological aspect of land degradation and restoration, 8) SWAT achievements, 9) control measures to prevent/mitigate land degradation and for restoration, 10) integrated measures to enhance soil and water conservation, 11) water resource management, 12) law and policy, 13) farmer’s role, 14) land use change and consequences. About 70 oral reports and 50 posts have been presented. JIRCAS introduced its research outputs from the project of on-going Long-term Soil Experiment (LTES) in Thailand by comparison of soil carbon coefficient between JIRCAS experimental fields and farm lands IPCC Guideline proposes. The 3th WASWAC World Conference will be held in Serbia in 2016. World Association of Soil and Water Conservation (WASWAC), a voluntary international academic society initially at the soil and water conservation, was established in 1983, USA. Until now, the WASWAC has more than one thousand members from around the world, including Japanese researchers. It not only conducts various workshops and training programs but also publishes several publications. In 2003, the secretariat of WASWAC eventually located in Beijing after temporarily moving to Bangkok. The WASWAC agreed to organize World Conference every three years since the 1st WASWAC World Conference was taken place in Xi’an, China in 2010.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u00222nd WASWAC World Conference\u0022 height=\u0022389\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/waswac-2nd.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022519\u0022 /\u003E WASWAC World Conference II\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "第2回WASWAC世界大会への参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Participation in 2nd WASWAC World Conference", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EWASWAC(World Association of Soil and Water Conservation)は、1983年に米国で設立された、土壌・水保全に関心を持つ研究者のボランタリーベースの国際組織です。日本を含む30ケ国の研究者が同協会を運営する協議会のメンバーとなり、研究集会の開催、出版、研修事業等を行っています。WASWACの事務局は、2003〜2010年の間、一時的にバンコクに移った後、2010年に事務局が中国の北京に正式に移設されたことを契機として、国際会議を３年毎に開催することとなりました。第1回は2010年に中国・西安で開催されています。 このたび、「21世紀の土地・水資源に対する脅威」を主要テーマとし、土壌・水保全に関する研究発表や情報交換を目的として、第２回となるWASWAC世界大会が、タイ国立工学研究所、タマサート大学の共催、タイ土地開発局（LDD）、農環研等の協力により2013年9月5〜6日にタイ国チェンライで開催されました。 会合には、東・東南アジアを中心として、欧州、アフリカ、南・北米など世界各地から研究者が参加し、1) 土壌劣化の評価法、2) 地滑り、3) 土石流、4) 土壌侵食、5) 気候変動、6) 土壌劣化の及ぼす影響、7) 土壌劣化の生態学的側面、8) SWAT（土壌・水の動態予測システム）、9) 土壌劣化の防止、10) 土壌・水保全の総合技術、11) 水資源管理、12) 法制度、13) 農家の役割、14) 土地利用変化をテーマとする14分科会で、約70件の口頭報告と約50件のポスター発表が行われました。 JIRCASからは気候変動対応プロジェクトで実施中の、タイにおける長期連用試験の成果（IPCCが提案した農地における土壌炭素変動係数と、JIRCASの試験圃場で得られたデータを基にして得られた同係数の比較）を報告しました。 第3回のWASWAC世界大会は、2016年にセルビアで開催される予定です。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022第２回WASWAC世界大会\u0022 height=\u0022389\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/waswac-2nd.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022519\u0022 /\u003E 第２回WASWAC世界大会\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 2nd WASWAC World Conference with theme “Threats to land and water resources in the 21st century” was held in Chiang Rai, Thailand on September 5~6, 2013, aiming at result presentation and information exchange. The WASWAC organized the conference with support by Engineering Institute of Thailand and Thammasat University of Thailand, and cooperation by Land Development Department (LDD), Nitional Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES), Japan, and other countries’ institutes and universities. Although researchers from Europe, Africa and America attended the conference, the participants from Asia, especially East and Southeast Asia, became the protagonist of the conference. Over the two day conference, total 14 sessions have been set up, including 1) methodologies to assess the extent of land degradation, 2) soil loss and landslide, 3) debris flow, 4) sedimentation, 5) global climate change, 6) impacts of land degradation, 7) ecological aspect of land degradation and restoration, 8) SWAT achievements, 9) control measures to prevent/mitigate land degradation and for restoration, 10) integrated measures to enhance soil and water conservation, 11) water resource management, 12) law and policy, 13) farmer’s role, 14) land use change and consequences. About 70 oral reports and 50 posts have been presented. JIRCAS introduced its research outputs from the project of on-going Long-term Soil Experiment (LTES) in Thailand by comparison of soil carbon coefficient between JIRCAS experimental fields and farm lands IPCC Guideline proposes. The 3th WASWAC World Conference will be held in Serbia in 2016. World Association of Soil and Water Conservation (WASWAC), a voluntary international academic society initially at the soil and water conservation, was established in 1983, USA. Until now, the WASWAC has more than one thousand members from around the world, including Japanese researchers. It not only conducts various workshops and training programs but also publishes several publications. In 2003, the secretariat of WASWAC eventually located in Beijing after temporarily moving to Bangkok. The WASWAC agreed to organize World Conference every three years since the 1st WASWAC World Conference was taken place in Xi’an, China in 2010.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u00222nd WASWAC World Conference\u0022 height=\u0022389\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/10/fanglei/waswac-2nd.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022519\u0022 /\u003E WASWAC World Conference II\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/3rd-africa-rice-congress#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Participation in 3rd Africa Rice Congress, Cameroon", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Participation in 3rd Africa Rice Congress, Cameroon", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/cameroon#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cameroon", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "カメルーン", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Cameroon", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 3rd Africa Rice Congress, co-organized by the Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) and collaborated with the Government of Cameroon, was convened on October 21~24, 2013 in Yaounde, Cameroon, with the theme “Rice Science for Food Security through Smallholder and Agri-business Development in Africa”. The congress set five mini symposia, three plenary sessions, and field trips. The next day, October 25, after the closure of congress, the 2013 global forum of Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP) was held. Many organizations such as IRRI, AfricaRice, and JIRCAS involved in the forum. Setting up a booth to exhibit research achievements in rice sector in Africa, and introducing research outcomes by one oral presentation or two posters, JIRCAS actively participated in this congress. During the field trip, the JIRCAS participants visited the experiment site implemented by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) project “Upland Rice Development of the Tropical Forest Zone in Cameroon\u0022. In addition, the scientists from various countries communicated and shared their opinions on promoting Africa’s rice during global forum. More than 650 participants from 60 countries came together in this congress. Many conducive recommendations for stakeholders have been included in congress declaration based on the discussion results. At present, JIRCAS Africa researches are mainly conducted in West Africa, but through this congress, we have learnt many cases of rice science in Central Africa. With the common issues in Africa rice, it is possible that we can take advantage of JIRCAS research results into Central Africa countries, such as Cameroon. The Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) is an international research organization committing to contribute to poverty alleviation and food security in Africa through research such as variety development and extension in the rice sector.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Minister of Scientific Research and Innovations of Cameroon visited JIRCAS’ booth \u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Minister of Scientific Research and Innovations of Cameroon visited JIRCAS’ booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS president Dr. Masa Iwanaga hosted plenary session\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS president Dr. Masa Iwanaga hosted plenary session\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation by JIRCAS researcher\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Presentation by JIRCAS researcher\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opinion exchange during GRiSP Global Forum \u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Opinion exchange during GRiSP Global Forum\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 3rd Africa Rice Congress, co-organized by the Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) and collaborated with the Government of Cameroon, was convened on October 21~24, 2013 in Yaounde, Cameroon, with the theme “Rice Science for Food Security through Smallholder and Agri-business Development in Africa”. The congress set five mini symposia, three plenary sessions, and field trips. The next day, October 25, after the closure of congress, the 2013 global forum of Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP) was held. Many organizations such as IRRI, AfricaRice, and JIRCAS involved in the forum. Setting up a booth to exhibit research achievements in rice sector in Africa, and introducing research outcomes by one oral presentation or two posters, JIRCAS actively participated in this congress. During the field trip, the JIRCAS participants visited the experiment site implemented by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) project “Upland Rice Development of the Tropical Forest Zone in Cameroon\u0022. In addition, the scientists from various countries communicated and shared their opinions on promoting Africa’s rice during global forum. More than 650 participants from 60 countries came together in this congress. Many conducive recommendations for stakeholders have been included in congress declaration based on the discussion results. At present, JIRCAS Africa researches are mainly conducted in West Africa, but through this congress, we have learnt many cases of rice science in Central Africa. With the common issues in Africa rice, it is possible that we can take advantage of JIRCAS research results into Central Africa countries, such as Cameroon. The Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) is an international research organization committing to contribute to poverty alleviation and food security in Africa through research such as variety development and extension in the rice sector.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Minister of Scientific Research and Innovations of Cameroon visited JIRCAS’ booth \u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Minister of Scientific Research and Innovations of Cameroon visited JIRCAS’ booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS president Dr. Masa Iwanaga hosted plenary session\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS president Dr. Masa Iwanaga hosted plenary session\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation by JIRCAS researcher\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Presentation by JIRCAS researcher\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opinion exchange during GRiSP Global Forum \u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Opinion exchange during GRiSP Global Forum\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_10#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "カメルーン国で第3回アフリカ稲会議に参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Participation in 3rd Africa Rice Congress, Cameroon", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/cameroon#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cameroon", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "カメルーン", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Cameroon", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカイネセンター（Africa Rice Center）は、イネの品種開発・普及などの研究を通じてアフリカの貧困緩和と食糧安全保障に貢献することを目的として設立された国際研究機関です。 このアフリカ稲センターが開催国と協力して主催する第3回アフリカ稲会議が、カメルーン国ヤウンデにおいて10月21日〜24日に開催されました。この会議が取り扱う主題は「小規模農家とアグリビジネスの発展による食糧安全保障を目指したアフリカ稲研究」です。会議は5つのシンポジウム、3つの全体討議、現地視察などから構成され、会議翌日の25日には、国際稲研究所（IRRI）、アフリカイネセンター、JIRCASなどが参加するGRiSP（イネ科学のためのグローバル・パートナーシップ）のグローバル・フォーラムが併せて開催されました。 JIRCASは、アフリカでのイネに関する研究を展示するブースを設置し、成果の広報に努めるとともに、これらの研究に携わる研究者3名が口頭およびポスターによって、担当する研究内容を発表するなど、本会議に積極的に参加しました。現地視察では、国際協力機構（JICA）が実施する熱帯雨林地域陸稲振興プロジェクトの試験サイトも訪問しました。またグローバル・フォーラムでは、アフリカにおいて稲作を推進するために研究者がなすべきことについて各国からの参加者と自由闊達な意見交換を行いました。 閉会式では、60ヶ国から650名以上の参加があったことが発表され、会議での討議結果等を踏まえ、稲作関係者に向けた提言がなされました。 JIRCASは現在、西アフリカで重点的に研究を取り組んでいますが、今回の会議を通じて中央アフリカでの稲作研究事例を学ぶことができ、共通する問題を抱えるカメルーンなどにおいてもJIRCASの研究成果を活用できる可能性を感じました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022科学技術革新大臣のJIRCAS展示ブースへの来訪 \u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 科学技術革新大臣のJIRCAS展示ブースへの来訪\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022全体討議の議長を務める岩永勝理事長\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 全体討議の議長を務める岩永勝理事長\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS職員による研究ポスターの発表\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS職員による研究ポスターの発表\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022GRiSPグローバル・フォーラムでの意見交換会の様子\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E GRiSPグローバル・フォーラムでの意見交換会の様子\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 3rd Africa Rice Congress, co-organized by the Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) and collaborated with the Government of Cameroon, was convened on October 21~24, 2013 in Yaounde, Cameroon, with the theme “Rice Science for Food Security through Smallholder and Agri-business Development in Africa”. The congress set five mini symposia, three plenary sessions, and field trips. The next day, October 25, after the closure of congress, the 2013 global forum of Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP) was held. Many organizations such as IRRI, AfricaRice, and JIRCAS involved in the forum. Setting up a booth to exhibit research achievements in rice sector in Africa, and introducing research outcomes by one oral presentation or two posters, JIRCAS actively participated in this congress. During the field trip, the JIRCAS participants visited the experiment site implemented by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) project “Upland Rice Development of the Tropical Forest Zone in Cameroon\u0022. In addition, the scientists from various countries communicated and shared their opinions on promoting Africa’s rice during global forum. More than 650 participants from 60 countries came together in this congress. Many conducive recommendations for stakeholders have been included in congress declaration based on the discussion results. At present, JIRCAS Africa researches are mainly conducted in West Africa, but through this congress, we have learnt many cases of rice science in Central Africa. With the common issues in Africa rice, it is possible that we can take advantage of JIRCAS research results into Central Africa countries, such as Cameroon. The Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) is an international research organization committing to contribute to poverty alleviation and food security in Africa through research such as variety development and extension in the rice sector.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Minister of Scientific Research and Innovations of Cameroon visited JIRCAS’ booth \u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Minister of Scientific Research and Innovations of Cameroon visited JIRCAS’ booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS president Dr. Masa Iwanaga hosted plenary session\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS president Dr. Masa Iwanaga hosted plenary session\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation by JIRCAS researcher\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Presentation by JIRCAS researcher\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opinion exchange during GRiSP Global Forum \u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/3rd-africa-rice-congress-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Opinion exchange during GRiSP Global Forum\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/thai-jetro#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Introduce JIRCAS research outcomes to Japanese food companies in Thailand", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Introduce JIRCAS research outcomes to Japanese food companies in Thailand", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn order to support Japanese food companies to expand overseas business, JETRO Bangkok office, collaborated by Japan Embassy and Agricultural \u0026amp; Marine Product Division, Japanese Chamber of Commerce, Bangkok, hosted the “Overseas Liaison Council Seminar” on October 25, 2013, in Bangkok, Thailand, aiming at sharing information and exchanging opinions within stakeholders such as Japanese Government, enterprises and JETRO. Dr. Kazuhiko Nakahara, JIRCAS Project Leader of \u0022Advanced application of local food resources in Asia\u0022, and Ms. Patcharee Tungtrakul,?Director, Institute of Food Research and Product Development (IFRPD), Kasetsart University , participated in this seminar. IFRPD is a collaborative institute of the project in Thailand. Dr. Nakahaka, in his speech on “Outline of functional food researches by JIRCAS”, introduced the JIRCAS food research results, such as antimutagenic activity and antioxidative activity in indigenous plants from Thailand, blood sugar suppressant effect of fermented soybean food, and hypotensive effect of fermented food. In addition, Ms. Patcharee gave her speech on “Information about food industry in Thailand: Food regulation and IFRPD’s activities”. She expounded the conditions of food regulation of Thailand Food and Drug Agency (FDA), and IFRPD’s activities which are currently implemented to support food industry. During the following Q\u0026amp;A session, the participants asked the questions and exchange their opinions such as “how can companies involve into the seminars on project of advanced application of local food resources”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Functional food sample developed by project of food resource application (antioxidative cooked rice nugget by using cooking water of Thailand indigenous vegetables)\u0022 height=\u0022295\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/food.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022394\u0022 /\u003E Samples of functional food developed by project \u0022Advanced application of local food resource in Asia\u0022 (antioxidative cooked rice nugget by using cooking water of Thai indigenous vegetables)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn order to support Japanese food companies to expand overseas business, JETRO Bangkok office, collaborated by Japan Embassy and Agricultural \u0026amp; Marine Product Division, Japanese Chamber of Commerce, Bangkok, hosted the “Overseas Liaison Council Seminar” on October 25, 2013, in Bangkok, Thailand, aiming at sharing information and exchanging opinions within stakeholders such as Japanese Government, enterprises and JETRO. Dr. Kazuhiko Nakahara, JIRCAS Project Leader of \u0022Advanced application of local food resources in Asia\u0022, and Ms. Patcharee Tungtrakul,?Director, Institute of Food Research and Product Development (IFRPD), Kasetsart University , participated in this seminar. IFRPD is a collaborative institute of the project in Thailand. Dr. Nakahaka, in his speech on “Outline of functional food researches by JIRCAS”, introduced the JIRCAS food research results, such as antimutagenic activity and antioxidative activity in indigenous plants from Thailand, blood sugar suppressant effect of fermented soybean food, and hypotensive effect of fermented food. In addition, Ms. Patcharee gave her speech on “Information about food industry in Thailand: Food regulation and IFRPD’s activities”. She expounded the conditions of food regulation of Thailand Food and Drug Agency (FDA), and IFRPD’s activities which are currently implemented to support food industry. During the following Q\u0026amp;A session, the participants asked the questions and exchange their opinions such as “how can companies involve into the seminars on project of advanced application of local food resources”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Functional food sample developed by project of food resource application (antioxidative cooked rice nugget by using cooking water of Thailand indigenous vegetables)\u0022 height=\u0022295\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/food.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022394\u0022 /\u003E Samples of functional food developed by project \u0022Advanced application of local food resource in Asia\u0022 (antioxidative cooked rice nugget by using cooking water of Thai indigenous vegetables)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_11#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイで事業展開する日系食品企業へJIRCAS研究成果を紹介", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Introduce JIRCAS research outcomes to Japanese food companies in Thailand", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJETRO（日本貿易振興機構）は、日系食品企業の海外事業展開を支援することを目的として、日本政府、企業、JETROなど関係者間での情報共有や意見交換等を行う「海外連絡協議会」を開催しています。平成25年10月25日、JETROバンコク事務所が主催（在タイ日本国大使館及び盤谷日本人商工会議所農水産食品部会協力）して、バンコク日系食品産業海外連絡協議会が開催されました。 本会合には、JIRCAS食料資源利用プロジェクト中原和彦プロジェクトリーダー、本プロジェクトの共同研究機関であるカセサート大学食品研究所（IFRPD）Ms. Patcharee Tungtrakul所長が講師として参加しました。 中原リーダーからは、「JIRCASにおける機能性食品に関する研究状況」の演題で、タイ在来野菜・樹木野菜の抗変異原生性と抗酸化活性、大豆発酵食品による血糖値低下作用、発酵食品成分による血圧降下作用など、JIRCASの食品に関する研究成果を紹介しました。 一方、Patcharee所長からは、「タイにおける食品産業に関する情報：食品規制とIFRPDの活動（Information about food industry in Thailand: Food regulation and IFRPD\u0027s activities）」の演題で、タイ国食品医薬品局（FDA）の食品規制の現況、IFRPDが実施している食品企業への支援活動を紹介していただきました。 講演後の質疑応答では、「プロジェクトが開催している地域食料資源の高度利用に関するセミナーには企業も参加できるのか」といった質問が参加者から寄せられ、活発な意見交換が行われました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022食料資源利用プロジェクトで開発された機能性食品の例（タイ在来野菜ゆで汁により抗酸化性を付与したライスナゲット）\u0022 height=\u0022305\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/food.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022407\u0022 /\u003E 食料資源利用プロジェクトで開発された機能性食品の例（タイ在来野菜ゆで汁により抗酸化性を付与したライスナゲット）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn order to support Japanese food companies to expand overseas business, JETRO Bangkok office, collaborated by Japan Embassy and Agricultural \u0026amp; Marine Product Division, Japanese Chamber of Commerce, Bangkok, hosted the “Overseas Liaison Council Seminar” on October 25, 2013, in Bangkok, Thailand, aiming at sharing information and exchanging opinions within stakeholders such as Japanese Government, enterprises and JETRO. Dr. Kazuhiko Nakahara, JIRCAS Project Leader of \u0022Advanced application of local food resources in Asia\u0022, and Ms. Patcharee Tungtrakul,?Director, Institute of Food Research and Product Development (IFRPD), Kasetsart University , participated in this seminar. IFRPD is a collaborative institute of the project in Thailand. Dr. Nakahaka, in his speech on “Outline of functional food researches by JIRCAS”, introduced the JIRCAS food research results, such as antimutagenic activity and antioxidative activity in indigenous plants from Thailand, blood sugar suppressant effect of fermented soybean food, and hypotensive effect of fermented food. In addition, Ms. Patcharee gave her speech on “Information about food industry in Thailand: Food regulation and IFRPD’s activities”. She expounded the conditions of food regulation of Thailand Food and Drug Agency (FDA), and IFRPD’s activities which are currently implemented to support food industry. During the following Q\u0026amp;A session, the participants asked the questions and exchange their opinions such as “how can companies involve into the seminars on project of advanced application of local food resources”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Functional food sample developed by project of food resource application (antioxidative cooked rice nugget by using cooking water of Thailand indigenous vegetables)\u0022 height=\u0022295\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/food.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022394\u0022 /\u003E Samples of functional food developed by project \u0022Advanced application of local food resource in Asia\u0022 (antioxidative cooked rice nugget by using cooking water of Thai indigenous vegetables)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/ghana-workshop#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Workshop in Tamale, Ghana", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Workshop in Tamale, Ghana", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/ghana#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ghana", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ガーナ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ghana", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has many research projects related to Africa rice. Among these projects, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (MAFF) consigned project “Improvement of Soil Fertility with Use of Indigenous Resources in Rice Systems in Ghana” has been conducted over five years since 2009. As a conclusion of the five year project, JIRCAS, University for Development Studies of Ghana (UDS) and CSIR-Soil Research Institute of Ghana, with support by MAFF and Ministry Food and Agriculture of Ghana, jointly hosted a workshop at International Conference Center of UDS in Tamale, Ghana on October 15~16, 2013. Total eleven research topics were presented during the first day workshop. The project leader, Dr. TOBITA Satoshi, first explained the project objectives and workshop purposes in the morning session. Researchers from Ghana’s joint research institutes then introduced their studies, which include the statues of lowland soil fertility in Ghana, the application possibility of indigenous organic resources such as poultry manure and rice straws, as well as the utilization of composting fertilizer from the rice straws and the excreta of cow and human. JIRCAS’s researchers in the afternoon session demonstrated their results, such as Kuntan technology of rice husks and its application, and dissolution technology of phosphate rocks. During the following general discussion session, the participants discussed how to disseminate the research achievements to farmers and how to prepare the manual for improvement of soil fertility. The participants also indicated that it is important to cooperate with all stakeholders, including government administrations, and agreed that it is necessary to continue similar investigation researches in future. Three field trips in suburban Tamale were set up in the second day workshop. The project involved researchers from UDS described their experiment methods and obtained results in their experiment fields. In addition, the participants visited the village where the experimental fields were borrowed from local farmers. Through face-to-face inquiry with farmers about technology understanding and field observation on rice growth and technical implementation, the participants directly answered various questions from farmers. As a platform of technical cooperation of Japan and JIRCAS, such workshop can foster information collection, provision and dissemination through the exchange of knowledge and experiences between stakeholders. Summary of this workshop will be published soon. For your reference, please access \u003Ca href=\u0022/reports\u0022 title=\u0022JIRCAS Report\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Report\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022The workshop\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E The workshop\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Participants concentrated poster\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Participants concentrated posters\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Answering questions by Dr. Tobita in executive discussion session\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Answering questions by Dr. Tobita in general discussion session\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Field trip in experimental site of Sanaga village\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Field trip in experimental site of Sanaga village\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has many research projects related to Africa rice. Among these projects, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (MAFF) consigned project “Improvement of Soil Fertility with Use of Indigenous Resources in Rice Systems in Ghana” has been conducted over five years since 2009. As a conclusion of the five year project, JIRCAS, University for Development Studies of Ghana (UDS) and CSIR-Soil Research Institute of Ghana, with support by MAFF and Ministry Food and Agriculture of Ghana, jointly hosted a workshop at International Conference Center of UDS in Tamale, Ghana on October 15~16, 2013. Total eleven research topics were presented during the first day workshop. The project leader, Dr. TOBITA Satoshi, first explained the project objectives and workshop purposes in the morning session. Researchers from Ghana’s joint research institutes then introduced their studies, which include the statues of lowland soil fertility in Ghana, the application possibility of indigenous organic resources such as poultry manure and rice straws, as well as the utilization of composting fertilizer from the rice straws and the excreta of cow and human. JIRCAS’s researchers in the afternoon session demonstrated their results, such as Kuntan technology of rice husks and its application, and dissolution technology of phosphate rocks. During the following general discussion session, the participants discussed how to disseminate the research achievements to farmers and how to prepare the manual for improvement of soil fertility. The participants also indicated that it is important to cooperate with all stakeholders, including government administrations, and agreed that it is necessary to continue similar investigation researches in future. Three field trips in suburban Tamale were set up in the second day workshop. The project involved researchers from UDS described their experiment methods and obtained results in their experiment fields. In addition, the participants visited the village where the experimental fields were borrowed from local farmers. Through face-to-face inquiry with farmers about technology understanding and field observation on rice growth and technical implementation, the participants directly answered various questions from farmers. As a platform of technical cooperation of Japan and JIRCAS, such workshop can foster information collection, provision and dissemination through the exchange of knowledge and experiences between stakeholders. Summary of this workshop will be published soon. For your reference, please access \u003Ca href=\u0022/reports\u0022 title=\u0022JIRCAS Report\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Report\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022The workshop\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E The workshop\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Participants concentrated poster\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Participants concentrated posters\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Answering questions by Dr. Tobita in executive discussion session\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Answering questions by Dr. Tobita in general discussion session\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Field trip in experimental site of Sanaga village\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Field trip in experimental site of Sanaga village\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_12#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "ガーナ国タマレ市でワークショップを開催", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Workshop in Tamale, Ghana", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/ghana#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ghana", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ガーナ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ghana", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASは、アフリカ・イネをキーワードとして多くの研究課題を実施しています。そのうち、農林水産省大臣官房の受託事業「アフリカの土壌肥沃度改善検討調査」を2009年から5ヵ年にわたりガーナ国タマレ市で実施してきました。この調査事業は今年度が最終年度となるため、JIRCASは10月15日および16日に、共同研究機関であるガーナ開発研究大学および土壌研究所と共催で「ガーナの稲作における在地資源の活用による土壌肥沃度の改善」をテーマに、タマレ市ガーナ開発研究大学内国際会議場にてワークショップを開催しました（後援：農林水産省、ガーナ国食料農業省）。 一日目は、研究成果として11課題の発表がなされました。当事業の飛田哲リーダから、この事業の目的およびワークショップの趣旨を説明した後、ガーナ国の共同研究機関から、ガーナの低地での土壌肥沃度の現状、鶏糞や稲わらといった在来有機物資源の利活用可能性、牛糞・人糞・稲わらから成る堆厩肥等の施用法に関する発表がありました。午後は、稲籾殻のくん炭技術とその効用およびリン鉱石の溶解技術等について、JIRCAS研究者が中心に発表しました。その後の総合討論では、このワークショップで発表された研究成果を如何に農家に普及させるか、また「土壌肥沃度改善マニュアル」の作成などについて話し合い、行政を含む各関係機関が協力し、今後も同様の調査研究を継続する必要性を再認識しました。 二日目は、タマレ市近郊の3つの試験ほ場を視察しました。現場ではガーナ開発研究大学の試験担当者から、試験方法と試験結果概要の説明がなされました。農家ほ場を借りて試験を行っている村では、栽培を行っている農家に対し、技術の受け入れ度はどうかといった質問や、イネの生育に及ぼす各技術の効果を実際に見ながら、より直接的かつ具体的な質疑応答が交わされました。 ワークショップでは、たびたび日本国やJIRCASの技術協力に関する発言があったことからも、このような機会に関係者と人的交流を図り、知識・経験の交換を通じて、情報の収集・提供に係る活動を進めて参りたいと考えています。 なおワークショップの発表概要は、JIRCASのHPに掲載される予定ですので、是非、閲覧ください(\u003Ca href=\u0022/reports\u0022 title=\u0022JIRCASの動き\u0022\u003EJIRCASの動き\u003C/a\u003E)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ワークショップの様子\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E ワークショップの様子\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022研究ポスターに見入る参加者\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 研究ポスターに見入る参加者\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022総合討論で回答する飛田哲リーダ\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 総合討論で回答する飛田哲リーダ\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022試験ほ場での現地視察\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 試験ほ場での現地視察\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has many research projects related to Africa rice. Among these projects, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (MAFF) consigned project “Improvement of Soil Fertility with Use of Indigenous Resources in Rice Systems in Ghana” has been conducted over five years since 2009. As a conclusion of the five year project, JIRCAS, University for Development Studies of Ghana (UDS) and CSIR-Soil Research Institute of Ghana, with support by MAFF and Ministry Food and Agriculture of Ghana, jointly hosted a workshop at International Conference Center of UDS in Tamale, Ghana on October 15~16, 2013. Total eleven research topics were presented during the first day workshop. The project leader, Dr. TOBITA Satoshi, first explained the project objectives and workshop purposes in the morning session. Researchers from Ghana’s joint research institutes then introduced their studies, which include the statues of lowland soil fertility in Ghana, the application possibility of indigenous organic resources such as poultry manure and rice straws, as well as the utilization of composting fertilizer from the rice straws and the excreta of cow and human. JIRCAS’s researchers in the afternoon session demonstrated their results, such as Kuntan technology of rice husks and its application, and dissolution technology of phosphate rocks. During the following general discussion session, the participants discussed how to disseminate the research achievements to farmers and how to prepare the manual for improvement of soil fertility. The participants also indicated that it is important to cooperate with all stakeholders, including government administrations, and agreed that it is necessary to continue similar investigation researches in future. Three field trips in suburban Tamale were set up in the second day workshop. The project involved researchers from UDS described their experiment methods and obtained results in their experiment fields. In addition, the participants visited the village where the experimental fields were borrowed from local farmers. Through face-to-face inquiry with farmers about technology understanding and field observation on rice growth and technical implementation, the participants directly answered various questions from farmers. As a platform of technical cooperation of Japan and JIRCAS, such workshop can foster information collection, provision and dissemination through the exchange of knowledge and experiences between stakeholders. Summary of this workshop will be published soon. For your reference, please access \u003Ca href=\u0022/reports\u0022 title=\u0022JIRCAS Report\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Report\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022The workshop\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E The workshop\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Participants concentrated poster\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Participants concentrated posters\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Answering questions by Dr. Tobita in executive discussion session\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Answering questions by Dr. Tobita in general discussion session\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Field trip in experimental site of Sanaga village\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/11/fanglei/ghana-workshop-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022330\u0022 /\u003E Field trip in experimental site of Sanaga village\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/food-energy-security#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "The 1st International Symposium on Microbial Technology for Food and Energy Security", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 1st International Symposium on Microbial Technology for Food and Energy Security", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has been implementing various research projects on microbial technology, such as \u0022Advanced application of local food resources in Asia\u0022 and \u0022Development of biofuel and biomaterial production technologies using biomass resources in Southeast Asia\u0022. In order to promote exchange and share of technical information obtained from these projects and related researches, the 1st international symposium on microbial technology for food and energy security: Microbialtech 2013 was held on November 25~26, 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand, which is jointly organized by JIRCAS and Kasetsart University. More than 150 researchers from seven countries participated into this symposium. Focusing on microbial technology for food and energy security, the participants actively involved in presentation and discussion. The researchers from JIRCAS Southeast Asia Office also made a poster presentation about the survey results on the current states and problems of Thai traditional ferment food production and marketing, such as \u003Cem\u003EKhanom-jeen\u003C/em\u003E (fermented rice noodle), \u003Cem\u003EKhao-mak\u003C/em\u003E (fermented glutinous rice), and \u003Cem\u003EPla-ra\u003C/em\u003E (fermented fish).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Symposium participants\u0022 height=\u0022371\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/12/fanglei/food-energy-security.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022425\u0022 /\u003E Symposium participants\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has been implementing various research projects on microbial technology, such as \u0022Advanced application of local food resources in Asia\u0022 and \u0022Development of biofuel and biomaterial production technologies using biomass resources in Southeast Asia\u0022. In order to promote exchange and share of technical information obtained from these projects and related researches, the 1st international symposium on microbial technology for food and energy security: Microbialtech 2013 was held on November 25~26, 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand, which is jointly organized by JIRCAS and Kasetsart University. More than 150 researchers from seven countries participated into this symposium. Focusing on microbial technology for food and energy security, the participants actively involved in presentation and discussion. The researchers from JIRCAS Southeast Asia Office also made a poster presentation about the survey results on the current states and problems of Thai traditional ferment food production and marketing, such as \u003Cem\u003EKhanom-jeen\u003C/em\u003E (fermented rice noodle), \u003Cem\u003EKhao-mak\u003C/em\u003E (fermented glutinous rice), and \u003Cem\u003EPla-ra\u003C/em\u003E (fermented fish).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Symposium participants\u0022 height=\u0022371\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/12/fanglei/food-energy-security.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022425\u0022 /\u003E Symposium participants\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_13#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "食料・エネルギー安全保障に向けた微生物利用技術に関する国際シンポジウムの開催", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 1st International Symposium on Microbial Technology for Food and Energy Security", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASはこれまでに、食料資源利用プロジェクトやアジアバイオマスプロジェクトなどで、微生物利用技術に関する様々な研究を実施してきました。このたび、こうした共同研究や、関連する研究で生まれた技術に関する情報交換と共有を目的として、第一回食料・エネルギー安全保障に向けた微生物利用技術に関する国際シンポジウム（The 1st International Symposium on Microbial Technology for Food and Energy Security: Microbialtech 2013）が、平成25年11月25〜26日に、JIRCAS及びカセサート大学の共催により、バンコクで開催されました。 本会合には、7ヶ国から150名以上が参加し、食料及びエネルギー分野の微生物利用技術を中心とする発表と議論が行なわれました。JIRCAS東南アジア連絡拠点からは、タイの伝統的発酵食品（カノムジーン：発酵米麺、カオマーク：甘酒の一種、プラ・ラー：塩辛の一種）の生産業者を対象とした生産・流通の現況と問題点に関する調査結果についてポスター発表を行いました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022シンポジウム招待講演者\u0022 height=\u0022334\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/12/fanglei/food-energy-security.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022383\u0022 /\u003E シンポジウム招待講演者\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has been implementing various research projects on microbial technology, such as \u0022Advanced application of local food resources in Asia\u0022 and \u0022Development of biofuel and biomaterial production technologies using biomass resources in Southeast Asia\u0022. In order to promote exchange and share of technical information obtained from these projects and related researches, the 1st international symposium on microbial technology for food and energy security: Microbialtech 2013 was held on November 25~26, 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand, which is jointly organized by JIRCAS and Kasetsart University. More than 150 researchers from seven countries participated into this symposium. Focusing on microbial technology for food and energy security, the participants actively involved in presentation and discussion. The researchers from JIRCAS Southeast Asia Office also made a poster presentation about the survey results on the current states and problems of Thai traditional ferment food production and marketing, such as \u003Cem\u003EKhanom-jeen\u003C/em\u003E (fermented rice noodle), \u003Cem\u003EKhao-mak\u003C/em\u003E (fermented glutinous rice), and \u003Cem\u003EPla-ra\u003C/em\u003E (fermented fish).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Symposium participants\u0022 height=\u0022371\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2013/12/fanglei/food-energy-security.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022425\u0022 /\u003E Symposium participants\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/opws#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS International Workshop: Small scale oil palm farmers in Southeast Asia - Partnerships for sustainable production -", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS International Workshop: Small scale oil palm farmers in Southeast Asia - Partnerships for sustainable production -", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS International Workshop “Small scale oil palm farmers in Southeast Asia - Partnerships for sustainable production” was co-organized by JIRCAS, Office of Agricultural Economics (OAE), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Department of Agriculture (DOA), MOAC, Royal Thai Government, and Univanich Palm Oil Public Company Ltd. (Univanich) on February 11-12, 2014 in Krabi, Thailand. Experts from Thailand, Indonesia and Japan attended the workshop. Mr. Kanit Likhitvidhayavuth, Deputy Secretary General, OAE and Mr. Surakitti Srikul, Senior Expert in Crop Production Management in Upper South of Thailand, Office of Agricultural Research and Development, Region 7 Surattani, DOA, gave the welcome addresses. Five invited speakers made their presentations on the current situation of small scale oil palm production in Thailand and Indonesia, and the solutions to support smallholders for sustainable production. In the general discussion, the participants discussed 1) How we can benefit from AEC implementation in 2015, and 2) How we can coexist oil palm development and food security with special attention to the roles of smallholders. On the second day of the workshop, the participants visited sustainable oil palm production site managed by Univanich to obtain the first-hand information. The workshop promoted the information exchange among the researchers, policy planners and entrepreneurs of oil palm production and successfully provided the latest achievements in the field studies and business cases of smallholder supporting programs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Workshop participants\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/02/fanglei/oil-palm.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Workshop participants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Field visit - observing an owl house in IPM site\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/02/fanglei/oil-palm-field-trip.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Field visit - observing an owl house in IPM site\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS International Workshop “Small scale oil palm farmers in Southeast Asia - Partnerships for sustainable production” was co-organized by JIRCAS, Office of Agricultural Economics (OAE), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Department of Agriculture (DOA), MOAC, Royal Thai Government, and Univanich Palm Oil Public Company Ltd. (Univanich) on February 11-12, 2014 in Krabi, Thailand. Experts from Thailand, Indonesia and Japan attended the workshop. Mr. Kanit Likhitvidhayavuth, Deputy Secretary General, OAE and Mr. Surakitti Srikul, Senior Expert in Crop Production Management in Upper South of Thailand, Office of Agricultural Research and Development, Region 7 Surattani, DOA, gave the welcome addresses. Five invited speakers made their presentations on the current situation of small scale oil palm production in Thailand and Indonesia, and the solutions to support smallholders for sustainable production. In the general discussion, the participants discussed 1) How we can benefit from AEC implementation in 2015, and 2) How we can coexist oil palm development and food security with special attention to the roles of smallholders. On the second day of the workshop, the participants visited sustainable oil palm production site managed by Univanich to obtain the first-hand information. The workshop promoted the information exchange among the researchers, policy planners and entrepreneurs of oil palm production and successfully provided the latest achievements in the field studies and business cases of smallholder supporting programs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Workshop participants\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/02/fanglei/oil-palm.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Workshop participants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Field visit - observing an owl house in IPM site\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/02/fanglei/oil-palm-field-trip.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Field visit - observing an owl house in IPM site\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_14#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際ワークショップ「東南アジアにおける小規模オイルパーム生産−持続的生産のためのパートナーシップ」の開催", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS International Workshop: Small scale oil palm farmers in Southeast Asia - Partnerships for sustainable production -", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E平成26年2月11〜12日、タイ国クラビー県で国際ワークショップ「東南アジアにおける小規模オイルパーム生産−持続的生産のためのパートナーシップ」を、JIRCAS、タイ農業経済局（OAE）、タイ農業局（DOA）、ユニバニックパームオイル社（Univanich Palm Oil Public Company Ltd.）の共催で開催しました。日本、タイとインドネシアからの代表が参加しました。 開会セッションでは、主催者を代表してOAE副局長Mr. Kanit LikhitvidhayavuthとDOAスラタニー農業研究開発事務所シニアエキスパートMr. Surakitti Srikulが歓迎挨拶を行い、引き続き5名の招待講演者が、インドネシア及びタイにおける小規模オイルパーム農家の現状と課題、解決策に関する報告を行いました。総合討論では、1) AEC発足から小規模パーム農家が得られる利益、2) 小規模農家によるオイルパーム生産と食料安全保障の両立というテーマで議論が行われました。 また、ワークショップ二日目は、ユニバニック社がGIZの支援を得て実施した小規模農家によるRSPO（持続可能なパーム油のための円卓会議）認証実施地区を訪問しました。 本ワークショップの開催により、東南アジアにおける主要オイルパーム生産国であるインドネシアとタイの研究者、政策立案者、企業関係者との間で、同地域のパーム生産に重要な役割を果たす小規模農家が抱える問題点について、最新の調査結果や企業における取組事例を提供するとともに、本分野の関係者の情報交換を進めることができました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ワークショップ参加者\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/02/fanglei/oil-palm.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E ワークショップ参加者\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ワークショップ翌日に行われた現地見学\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/02/fanglei/oil-palm-field-trip.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E ワークショップ翌日に行われた現地見学\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS International Workshop “Small scale oil palm farmers in Southeast Asia - Partnerships for sustainable production” was co-organized by JIRCAS, Office of Agricultural Economics (OAE), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Department of Agriculture (DOA), MOAC, Royal Thai Government, and Univanich Palm Oil Public Company Ltd. (Univanich) on February 11-12, 2014 in Krabi, Thailand. Experts from Thailand, Indonesia and Japan attended the workshop. Mr. Kanit Likhitvidhayavuth, Deputy Secretary General, OAE and Mr. Surakitti Srikul, Senior Expert in Crop Production Management in Upper South of Thailand, Office of Agricultural Research and Development, Region 7 Surattani, DOA, gave the welcome addresses. Five invited speakers made their presentations on the current situation of small scale oil palm production in Thailand and Indonesia, and the solutions to support smallholders for sustainable production. In the general discussion, the participants discussed 1) How we can benefit from AEC implementation in 2015, and 2) How we can coexist oil palm development and food security with special attention to the roles of smallholders. On the second day of the workshop, the participants visited sustainable oil palm production site managed by Univanich to obtain the first-hand information. The workshop promoted the information exchange among the researchers, policy planners and entrepreneurs of oil palm production and successfully provided the latest achievements in the field studies and business cases of smallholder supporting programs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Workshop participants\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/02/fanglei/oil-palm.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Workshop participants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Field visit - observing an owl house in IPM site\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/02/fanglei/oil-palm-field-trip.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Field visit - observing an owl house in IPM site\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/seaveg-2014#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Sustaining Small-Scale Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems for Food and Nutrition Security (SEAVEG 2014)", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Sustaining Small-Scale Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems for Food and Nutrition Security (SEAVEG 2014)", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EVegetables are major crops in the global food demand next to cereals, and Asia is now recognized as the center of the vegetable production in the world. In 2012, a successful SEAVEG Regional Symposium on “High Value Vegetables in Southeast Asia – Production, Supply and Demand (SEAVEG 2012)” was held in Chiang Mai, Thailand, which was hosted by institutions, including Thailand Department of Agriculture (DOA), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation (FAO), Asian Research and Development Center (AVRDC). The United Nation General Assembly in its 2014 “International Year of Family Farming” stressed that small-scale farms run by family play a significant role in food supply. In this context, to examine vegetable production and marketing systems of small-scale farms, promote sustainable agriculture and vegetable consumption, and review related policies, DOA, FAO, AVRDC, Horticultural Science Society of Thailand (HSST), Kasetsart University (KU), Vegetable Science International Network (VEGINET), ASEAN-AVRDC Regional Network for Vegetable Research and Development (AARNET) jointly organized the Regional Symposium on “Sustaining Small-Scale Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems for Food and Nutrition Security (SEAVEG 2014)” on February 25-28, 2014 in Bangkok, Thailand. About total 150 representatives from 21 different countries attended the Symposium. JIRCAS reported its research outcomes from the project of on-going Long-term Soil Experiment in Thailand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022SEAVEG 2014 session\u0022 height=\u0022245\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/03/fanglei/seaveg-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022327\u0022 /\u003E SEAVEG 2014 session\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EVegetables are major crops in the global food demand next to cereals, and Asia is now recognized as the center of the vegetable production in the world. In 2012, a successful SEAVEG Regional Symposium on “High Value Vegetables in Southeast Asia – Production, Supply and Demand (SEAVEG 2012)” was held in Chiang Mai, Thailand, which was hosted by institutions, including Thailand Department of Agriculture (DOA), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation (FAO), Asian Research and Development Center (AVRDC). The United Nation General Assembly in its 2014 “International Year of Family Farming” stressed that small-scale farms run by family play a significant role in food supply. In this context, to examine vegetable production and marketing systems of small-scale farms, promote sustainable agriculture and vegetable consumption, and review related policies, DOA, FAO, AVRDC, Horticultural Science Society of Thailand (HSST), Kasetsart University (KU), Vegetable Science International Network (VEGINET), ASEAN-AVRDC Regional Network for Vegetable Research and Development (AARNET) jointly organized the Regional Symposium on “Sustaining Small-Scale Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems for Food and Nutrition Security (SEAVEG 2014)” on February 25-28, 2014 in Bangkok, Thailand. About total 150 representatives from 21 different countries attended the Symposium. JIRCAS reported its research outcomes from the project of on-going Long-term Soil Experiment in Thailand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022SEAVEG 2014 session\u0022 height=\u0022245\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/03/fanglei/seaveg-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022327\u0022 /\u003E SEAVEG 2014 session\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_15#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "持続的な小規模野菜生産シンポジウム（SEAVEG 2014）への参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Sustaining Small-Scale Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems for Food and Nutrition Security (SEAVEG 2014)", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E野菜は、穀物に次ぐ主要な耕種作物であり、アジアが世界の生産センターとなっています。2012年には、タイ農業局（DOA）、FAO、AVRDC（アジア蔬菜研究開発センター）などの機関が中心となって、「東南アジアにおける高価値野菜の生産・需給シンポジウム（SEAVEG 2012）」がタイ国チェンマイで開催されました。 家族経営に代表される小規模農家が食料供給に果たす重要性を鑑み、国連が2014年を「国際家族農業年」としたことを踏まえ、この度、小規模農家による野菜生産や流通の現況把握、持続的生産の推進、野菜消費の促進、関連政策のレビューを目的として、DOA、FAO、AVRDC、タイ園芸科学学会、カセサート大学、国際野菜ネットワーク（VEGINET）、アセアン-AVRDC野菜研究開発地域ネットワークの共催で、「食料・栄養安全保障のための持続的な小規模野菜生産とマーケティングシステムに関する地域シンポジウム」（Regional Symposium on Sustaining Small-Scale Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems for Food and Nutrition Security: SEAVEG 2014）が、2月25〜26日にタイ国バンコクで開催されました。 会議には、21ケ国・地域から約150名が参加し、JIRCASからは気候変動対応プロで実施した長期連用試験の成果を報告しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022SEAVEG 2014 開会セッション\u0022 height=\u0022245\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/03/fanglei/seaveg-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022327\u0022 /\u003E SEAVEG 2014 開会セッション\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EVegetables are major crops in the global food demand next to cereals, and Asia is now recognized as the center of the vegetable production in the world. In 2012, a successful SEAVEG Regional Symposium on “High Value Vegetables in Southeast Asia – Production, Supply and Demand (SEAVEG 2012)” was held in Chiang Mai, Thailand, which was hosted by institutions, including Thailand Department of Agriculture (DOA), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation (FAO), Asian Research and Development Center (AVRDC). The United Nation General Assembly in its 2014 “International Year of Family Farming” stressed that small-scale farms run by family play a significant role in food supply. In this context, to examine vegetable production and marketing systems of small-scale farms, promote sustainable agriculture and vegetable consumption, and review related policies, DOA, FAO, AVRDC, Horticultural Science Society of Thailand (HSST), Kasetsart University (KU), Vegetable Science International Network (VEGINET), ASEAN-AVRDC Regional Network for Vegetable Research and Development (AARNET) jointly organized the Regional Symposium on “Sustaining Small-Scale Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems for Food and Nutrition Security (SEAVEG 2014)” on February 25-28, 2014 in Bangkok, Thailand. About total 150 representatives from 21 different countries attended the Symposium. JIRCAS reported its research outcomes from the project of on-going Long-term Soil Experiment in Thailand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022SEAVEG 2014 session\u0022 height=\u0022245\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/03/fanglei/seaveg-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022327\u0022 /\u003E SEAVEG 2014 session\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/gms-wga-11#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Greater Mekong Subregion Working Group on Agriculture (WGA 11)", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Greater Mekong Subregion Working Group on Agriculture (WGA 11)", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/myanmar#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Myanmar", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ミャンマー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Myanmar", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 11th annual meeting of the Working Group on Agriculture (WGA 11) and the 20th annual meeting of the Working Group on Environment (WGE 20) was jointly held in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar on March 25~26, 2014, with the theme on “Managing Natural Capital to Ensure Food, Energy and Water Security”. The meeting reviewed the progress of the Core Agricultural Support Program (CASP), which is an agricultural development plan of GMS\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E, and conducted opinion exchange among related organizations and donors. About 100 participants from GMS six countries and related international organizations, such as ADB, FAO and UNCTAD, as well as a number of NGOs which engage in the natural capital management, attended the meeting. JIRCAS reported its research outcomes from the project “Development of agricultural technologies in developing countries to respond to climate change”, which focuses on the Mekong Delta region. This year, a special exhibition, called “Environmental friendly agriculture marketplace”, was implemented at first time. JIRCAS set up a booth, where media materials including posters, publications, and videos were presented and oral explanations were made. 1) The Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), which includes Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, was founded in 1992 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) aimed to enhance sub-regional economic cooperation among the countries. Since then, working groups on specific sectors have been established in the GMS. The Working Group on Agriculture (WGA) was launched in 2002 as a discussion platform to promote agriculture cooperation within the GMS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022WGA 11 – WGE 20 joint meeting\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/04/fanglei/WGA11-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E WGA 11 – WGE 20 joint meeting\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS research introduction at marketplace\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/04/fanglei/WGA11-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS research introduction at marketplace\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 11th annual meeting of the Working Group on Agriculture (WGA 11) and the 20th annual meeting of the Working Group on Environment (WGE 20) was jointly held in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar on March 25~26, 2014, with the theme on “Managing Natural Capital to Ensure Food, Energy and Water Security”. The meeting reviewed the progress of the Core Agricultural Support Program (CASP), which is an agricultural development plan of GMS\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E, and conducted opinion exchange among related organizations and donors. About 100 participants from GMS six countries and related international organizations, such as ADB, FAO and UNCTAD, as well as a number of NGOs which engage in the natural capital management, attended the meeting. JIRCAS reported its research outcomes from the project “Development of agricultural technologies in developing countries to respond to climate change”, which focuses on the Mekong Delta region. This year, a special exhibition, called “Environmental friendly agriculture marketplace”, was implemented at first time. JIRCAS set up a booth, where media materials including posters, publications, and videos were presented and oral explanations were made. 1) The Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), which includes Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, was founded in 1992 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) aimed to enhance sub-regional economic cooperation among the countries. Since then, working groups on specific sectors have been established in the GMS. The Working Group on Agriculture (WGA) was launched in 2002 as a discussion platform to promote agriculture cooperation within the GMS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022WGA 11 – WGE 20 joint meeting\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/04/fanglei/WGA11-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E WGA 11 – WGE 20 joint meeting\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS research introduction at marketplace\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/04/fanglei/WGA11-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS research introduction at marketplace\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_16#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "拡大メコン地域農業ワーキンググループ（第11回GMS WGA会合）への参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Greater Mekong Subregion Working Group on Agriculture (WGA 11)", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/myanmar#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Myanmar", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ミャンマー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Myanmar", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E平成26年3月25〜26日に、WGAの第11回会合（WGA-11）が、ミヤンマーの首都ネピドーで開催されました。今回の会議は、GMS\u003Csup\u003E*)\u003C/sup\u003Eの第20回環境ワーキンググループ年次会合（WGE-20）と合同で実施され、「食料、エネルギー、水の安全保障を確保するための自然資本管理」を主要テーマとして、GMSにおける農業開発行動計画であるCASP (Core Agricultural Support Program)で実施しているプロジェクトのレビュー、CASPの支援に関するドナー機関の意見交換などが行われました。 会議には、GMS６ヶ国及び関係する国際機関（ADB、FAO、UNCTAD他）、自然資本管理に関する事業を行っているNGOの代表ら計約100名が参加しました。JIRCASからは、メコンデルタを重点地域としている気候変動対応プロの研究成果を報告しました。また、会議と平行して、今回初めての試みとして実施された展示会「環境に優しい農業マーケットプレース」で、気候変動対応プロジェクトを中心とするJIRCAS活動概要の紹介を、ポスター展示、印刷物の展示・配布、JIRCAS紹介ビデオ上映、口頭による説明により行いました。 *) 拡大メコン地域 (Greater Mekong Sub-region: GMS)は、メコン川流域６ヶ国（カンボジア、中国、ラオス、ミヤンマー、タイ、ベトナム）の地域経済協力促進を目的として、1992年にADB（アジア開発銀行）が主導して発足しました。GMSの下には、分野別のワーキンググループがあり、農業分野におけるGMSとの協力を議論する場として、農業ワーキンググループ　(Working Group on Agriculture: WGA)が2002年に設けられました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022WGA11-WGE20合同会合\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/04/fanglei/WGA11-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E WGA11-WGE20合同会合\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022展示会におけるJIRCAS活動概要紹介\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/04/fanglei/WGA11-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 展示会におけるJIRCAS活動概要紹介\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 11th annual meeting of the Working Group on Agriculture (WGA 11) and the 20th annual meeting of the Working Group on Environment (WGE 20) was jointly held in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar on March 25~26, 2014, with the theme on “Managing Natural Capital to Ensure Food, Energy and Water Security”. The meeting reviewed the progress of the Core Agricultural Support Program (CASP), which is an agricultural development plan of GMS\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E, and conducted opinion exchange among related organizations and donors. About 100 participants from GMS six countries and related international organizations, such as ADB, FAO and UNCTAD, as well as a number of NGOs which engage in the natural capital management, attended the meeting. JIRCAS reported its research outcomes from the project “Development of agricultural technologies in developing countries to respond to climate change”, which focuses on the Mekong Delta region. This year, a special exhibition, called “Environmental friendly agriculture marketplace”, was implemented at first time. JIRCAS set up a booth, where media materials including posters, publications, and videos were presented and oral explanations were made. 1) The Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), which includes Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, was founded in 1992 by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) aimed to enhance sub-regional economic cooperation among the countries. Since then, working groups on specific sectors have been established in the GMS. The Working Group on Agriculture (WGA) was launched in 2002 as a discussion platform to promote agriculture cooperation within the GMS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022WGA 11 – WGE 20 joint meeting\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/04/fanglei/WGA11-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E WGA 11 – WGE 20 joint meeting\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS research introduction at marketplace\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/04/fanglei/WGA11-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS research introduction at marketplace\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/end--dry-season#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Thailand: Greeting its Next Rain Season", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand: Greeting its Next Rain Season", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EEvery year, from the middle of May, most regions of Thailand, except for the southern Malay Peninsula, will enter their annual rainy season. Although the dry season will end soon, this year’s drought is extremely severe. According to the report of Bangkok Post, April 6, 2014, the rain fall from January to March is the least since 2006, and the drought is the worst in the past eight years. In the end of this April, Bangkok suffered a locally heavy rain during a short period. Many roads were flooded, which led to traffic jam. All these things made local people felt that the step of rain season is just in the corner. However, based on the information from the officials of the Department of Agriculture, Thailand (personal contact), this year’s rain season is expected to come later than usual. Because of the drought, agricultural production such as rice, rubber, and sugarcane is expected to decrease. On the other hand, the price of mango has fallen in its high season. For example, one of the most popular varieties, Nam Dok Mai, the retail price of between-crop season nearby JIRCAS liaison office was more than 120 baht (about 380 yen) per kilogram, and the current price is only 40 baht (about 125 yen) per kilogram. From this point of view, it is important to develop the off-season production technology which can shift harvest period of fruit and promote the processing techniques of agricultural product.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Fruit vendors nearby JIRCAS liaison office\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/dry-season-end.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E Fruit vendors nearby JIRCAS liaison office. (Fruit stand is fully filled with yellow Nam Doc Mai mango. Due to the small size, its price is only 15 baht (about 48 yen) per kilogram.)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EEvery year, from the middle of May, most regions of Thailand, except for the southern Malay Peninsula, will enter their annual rainy season. Although the dry season will end soon, this year’s drought is extremely severe. According to the report of Bangkok Post, April 6, 2014, the rain fall from January to March is the least since 2006, and the drought is the worst in the past eight years. In the end of this April, Bangkok suffered a locally heavy rain during a short period. Many roads were flooded, which led to traffic jam. All these things made local people felt that the step of rain season is just in the corner. However, based on the information from the officials of the Department of Agriculture, Thailand (personal contact), this year’s rain season is expected to come later than usual. Because of the drought, agricultural production such as rice, rubber, and sugarcane is expected to decrease. On the other hand, the price of mango has fallen in its high season. For example, one of the most popular varieties, Nam Dok Mai, the retail price of between-crop season nearby JIRCAS liaison office was more than 120 baht (about 380 yen) per kilogram, and the current price is only 40 baht (about 125 yen) per kilogram. From this point of view, it is important to develop the off-season production technology which can shift harvest period of fruit and promote the processing techniques of agricultural product.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Fruit vendors nearby JIRCAS liaison office\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/dry-season-end.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E Fruit vendors nearby JIRCAS liaison office. (Fruit stand is fully filled with yellow Nam Doc Mai mango. Due to the small size, its price is only 15 baht (about 48 yen) per kilogram.)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_17#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "乾期の終わりを迎えたタイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand: Greeting its Next Rain Season", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E南部マレー半島を除くタイ国土の多くは、例年5月半ばから雨期を迎えます。今年の乾期も終わりが近づいていますが、今回の乾期はたいへんに厳しく、「1〜3月の降水量は2006年以降最も少なく、8年ぶりの最悪の干ばつ」と報道されています（Bangkok Post紙、2014年4月6日）。 4月末には、バンコクでは局地的な短時間の豪雨が降り、道路冠水による交通渋滞が発生するなど、雨期の到来が近いように感じられました。しかし、タイ農業局（DOA）担当官の話では、今年の雨期の到来は例年より遅れる見込み、とのことです。 干ばつによる稲、ゴム、サトウキビなどの生産減少が懸念される一方で、最盛期を迎えたマンゴーは価格が下落しています。最も人気のあるナム・ドークマイ種で、JIRCAS拠点周辺の小売価格は、端境期には1kg当たり120バーツ（約380円）以上したものが、現在は、1kg当たり40バーツ（約125円）程度で販売されています。果実の収穫期をずらすオフシーズン生産技術の開発や、加工の振興が重要であることがよくわかります。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS拠点近くの果実商。\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/dry-season-end.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS拠点近くの果実商。手前に見える黄色いマンゴーがナム・ドークマイ種。小振りなので、1kg15バーツ（約48円）で売られていました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EEvery year, from the middle of May, most regions of Thailand, except for the southern Malay Peninsula, will enter their annual rainy season. Although the dry season will end soon, this year’s drought is extremely severe. According to the report of Bangkok Post, April 6, 2014, the rain fall from January to March is the least since 2006, and the drought is the worst in the past eight years. In the end of this April, Bangkok suffered a locally heavy rain during a short period. Many roads were flooded, which led to traffic jam. All these things made local people felt that the step of rain season is just in the corner. However, based on the information from the officials of the Department of Agriculture, Thailand (personal contact), this year’s rain season is expected to come later than usual. Because of the drought, agricultural production such as rice, rubber, and sugarcane is expected to decrease. On the other hand, the price of mango has fallen in its high season. For example, one of the most popular varieties, Nam Dok Mai, the retail price of between-crop season nearby JIRCAS liaison office was more than 120 baht (about 380 yen) per kilogram, and the current price is only 40 baht (about 125 yen) per kilogram. From this point of view, it is important to develop the off-season production technology which can shift harvest period of fruit and promote the processing techniques of agricultural product.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Fruit vendors nearby JIRCAS liaison office\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/dry-season-end.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E Fruit vendors nearby JIRCAS liaison office. (Fruit stand is fully filled with yellow Nam Doc Mai mango. Due to the small size, its price is only 15 baht (about 48 yen) per kilogram.)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/2014-royal-ploughing-ceremony#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Participation in 2014 Thailand Royal Ploughing Ceremony", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Participation in 2014 Thailand Royal Ploughing Ceremony", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Thai Royal Ploughing Ceremony is a traditional religious rite, which heralds the start of the new rice-growing season and blesses the plants, and is usually performed in May of every year. This ceremony has close relation with the Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives. Invited by the Department of Agriculture (DOA), Dr. Tomohide Shugino, JIRCAS field consulter, has participated in the ceremony taken place on May 9, 2014 at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The Ceremony consists of two separate rituals: Cultivating Ceremony and Ploughing Ceremony. This year, the Cultivating Ceremony was held within Grand Palace on May 8, and the Ploughing Ceremony was opened to public in next day. His Royal Highness Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn presided over the ceremony. The permanent secretary for the Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives served as Phrays Raek Na of this year in the Ploughing Ceremony. The ceremony began with the Lord of the Harvest, which predicts the rain fall in coming season, and the Phrays Raek Na selected one from three pieces of cloth with different length. His selection indicated little rain fall in this year. Two sacred oxen then were taken to circumambulate a furrow nine times in the ceremony ground. During the last three circularly ploughing, four consecrated ladies from the Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives began to scatter the rice seeds into the newly ploughed furrow. It is said that the people who get the strewn rice seeds will have good luck and great auspicious properties in the future. Therefore, when the ceremony is ended, many people rush into the ground to collect the seeds. After ploughing, the sacred oxen were given seven types of foods and drinks, which include rice seeds, soybean, maize, grass, sesame seeds, water and liquor. Depending on the oxen’s choice, the crop harvest was predicted. This time, the oxen selected the water and grass. Therefore, an abundant of crops such as rice, fruit and food in the coming season was predicted. The Thai agricultural officials, diplomats and international organization staffs attended this ceremony. Through this ceremony, they can enhanced their relationships\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Staffs and sacred oxen waiting for the start of ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/royal-ploughing-ceremony-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Staffs and sacred oxen waiting for the start of ceremony\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Visitors rush into the ground for luck seeds\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/luck-seed-collection-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Visitors rush into the ground for luck seeds\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Thai Royal Ploughing Ceremony is a traditional religious rite, which heralds the start of the new rice-growing season and blesses the plants, and is usually performed in May of every year. This ceremony has close relation with the Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives. Invited by the Department of Agriculture (DOA), Dr. Tomohide Shugino, JIRCAS field consulter, has participated in the ceremony taken place on May 9, 2014 at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The Ceremony consists of two separate rituals: Cultivating Ceremony and Ploughing Ceremony. This year, the Cultivating Ceremony was held within Grand Palace on May 8, and the Ploughing Ceremony was opened to public in next day. His Royal Highness Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn presided over the ceremony. The permanent secretary for the Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives served as Phrays Raek Na of this year in the Ploughing Ceremony. The ceremony began with the Lord of the Harvest, which predicts the rain fall in coming season, and the Phrays Raek Na selected one from three pieces of cloth with different length. His selection indicated little rain fall in this year. Two sacred oxen then were taken to circumambulate a furrow nine times in the ceremony ground. During the last three circularly ploughing, four consecrated ladies from the Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives began to scatter the rice seeds into the newly ploughed furrow. It is said that the people who get the strewn rice seeds will have good luck and great auspicious properties in the future. Therefore, when the ceremony is ended, many people rush into the ground to collect the seeds. After ploughing, the sacred oxen were given seven types of foods and drinks, which include rice seeds, soybean, maize, grass, sesame seeds, water and liquor. Depending on the oxen’s choice, the crop harvest was predicted. This time, the oxen selected the water and grass. Therefore, an abundant of crops such as rice, fruit and food in the coming season was predicted. The Thai agricultural officials, diplomats and international organization staffs attended this ceremony. Through this ceremony, they can enhanced their relationships\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Staffs and sacred oxen waiting for the start of ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/royal-ploughing-ceremony-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Staffs and sacred oxen waiting for the start of ceremony\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Visitors rush into the ground for luck seeds\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/luck-seed-collection-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Visitors rush into the ground for luck seeds\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_18#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "2014年タイ始耕祭への参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Participation in 2014 Thailand Royal Ploughing Ceremony", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eタイ王室は、稲作の季節の始まりに作物の豊作を祈って行われる王室儀礼である始耕祭（Royal Ploughing Ceremony、春耕祭、農耕祭と和訳されることもあります）を毎年５月に開催しています。本式典には、タイ農業協同組合省が深く関わっており、同省農業局（DOA）から招待を受け、2014年5月9日にバンコクの王宮前広場（Sanam Luang）で行われた式典に参加しました。 　始耕祭は正式にはCultivating ceremonyとPloughing ceremonyの２つの儀式で構成され、前者は8日に王宮内で行われ、後者のみが公開されます。本年のPloughing ceremonyは、農業協同組合省次官が式典の責任者（Phraya Raek Na）となって進められました。まず、本年の雨量を予想するため、Phraya Raek Naが長さの異なる３枚の布から一枚を選び（今年は小雨との結果）、続いて王宮前広場で、ワチラロンコーン王子ご列席のもと、鋤を引いた２頭の聖牛が会場を９回周り耕作しました。最後の３周では、農業協同組合省の女性職員から選ばれた４名の早乙女が、種籾を播種しました（この種籾を拾うと、幸運に恵まれるとタイでは信じられており、式典終了後多くの人が籾を拾うため会場に殺到します）。耕作が終わった後、聖牛には７種の穀物・飲料（米、緑豆、トウモロコシ、牧草、ゴマ、水、酒）が与えられ、どれを選んだかによって、作物の豊凶が占われます。今回、聖牛は水と牧草を選び、その結果、米、食料、果物が豊作との結果が出ました。 　式典には、タイ国農業関係者の他、各国大使館員や国際機関職員も多数参加し、関係者との親交を深めることができました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022式典の開始を待つスタッフと聖牛\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/royal-ploughing-ceremony-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 式典の開始を待つスタッフと聖牛\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022式典終了後籾を拾うため会場になだれ込む来場者\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/luck-seed-collection-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 式典終了後籾を拾うため会場になだれ込む来場者\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Thai Royal Ploughing Ceremony is a traditional religious rite, which heralds the start of the new rice-growing season and blesses the plants, and is usually performed in May of every year. This ceremony has close relation with the Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives. Invited by the Department of Agriculture (DOA), Dr. Tomohide Shugino, JIRCAS field consulter, has participated in the ceremony taken place on May 9, 2014 at Sanam Luang in front of the Grand Palace. The Ceremony consists of two separate rituals: Cultivating Ceremony and Ploughing Ceremony. This year, the Cultivating Ceremony was held within Grand Palace on May 8, and the Ploughing Ceremony was opened to public in next day. His Royal Highness Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn presided over the ceremony. The permanent secretary for the Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives served as Phrays Raek Na of this year in the Ploughing Ceremony. The ceremony began with the Lord of the Harvest, which predicts the rain fall in coming season, and the Phrays Raek Na selected one from three pieces of cloth with different length. His selection indicated little rain fall in this year. Two sacred oxen then were taken to circumambulate a furrow nine times in the ceremony ground. During the last three circularly ploughing, four consecrated ladies from the Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives began to scatter the rice seeds into the newly ploughed furrow. It is said that the people who get the strewn rice seeds will have good luck and great auspicious properties in the future. Therefore, when the ceremony is ended, many people rush into the ground to collect the seeds. After ploughing, the sacred oxen were given seven types of foods and drinks, which include rice seeds, soybean, maize, grass, sesame seeds, water and liquor. Depending on the oxen’s choice, the crop harvest was predicted. This time, the oxen selected the water and grass. Therefore, an abundant of crops such as rice, fruit and food in the coming season was predicted. The Thai agricultural officials, diplomats and international organization staffs attended this ceremony. Through this ceremony, they can enhanced their relationships\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Staffs and sacred oxen waiting for the start of ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/royal-ploughing-ceremony-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Staffs and sacred oxen waiting for the start of ceremony\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Visitors rush into the ground for luck seeds\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/05/fanglei/luck-seed-collection-2014.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Visitors rush into the ground for luck seeds\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/doa-openhouse#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS in DOA Open House", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS in DOA Open House", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs a site-event on the annual general meeting of the Department of Agriculture (DOA), Thailand, the exhibition called “DOA Open House” was held at the Bangkok headquarter of DOA on May 29-31. JIRCAS took part in this year’s exhibition and presented the research outcomes from the cooperative projects with DOA (Climate change response project, Tropical field crop development project, Integrated pest management project and Indochina rural livelihood improvement project) by posters, distributed publications and showed JIRCAS introduction video. Beside presentations about researches, the open house included exhibition, tasting and sale of agricultural products developed by DOA. A lot of researchers and public visitors participated in the exhibition. JIRCAS booth received many visitors, and JIRCAS staffs responded to various inquiries from the visitors regarding the exhibition contents. They also provided technique consultation to farmers who came to the JIRCAS booth.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening remark from DOA General\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Opening remark from DOA General\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS booth\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Explanation of exhibition contents to visitors\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse.gif\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Explanation of exhibition contents to visitors\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs a site-event on the annual general meeting of the Department of Agriculture (DOA), Thailand, the exhibition called “DOA Open House” was held at the Bangkok headquarter of DOA on May 29-31. JIRCAS took part in this year’s exhibition and presented the research outcomes from the cooperative projects with DOA (Climate change response project, Tropical field crop development project, Integrated pest management project and Indochina rural livelihood improvement project) by posters, distributed publications and showed JIRCAS introduction video. Beside presentations about researches, the open house included exhibition, tasting and sale of agricultural products developed by DOA. A lot of researchers and public visitors participated in the exhibition. JIRCAS booth received many visitors, and JIRCAS staffs responded to various inquiries from the visitors regarding the exhibition contents. They also provided technique consultation to farmers who came to the JIRCAS booth.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening remark from DOA General\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Opening remark from DOA General\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS booth\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Explanation of exhibition contents to visitors\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse.gif\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Explanation of exhibition contents to visitors\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_19#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイ農業局（DOA）オープンハウスでJIRCASの活動を紹介", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS in DOA Open House", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eタイ農業局（DOA）は、毎年開催する同局年次総会のサイドイベントとして、展示会「DOAオープンハウス」を5月29〜31日にバンコクのDOA本部で開催しました。JIRCASも本展示会に参加し、DOAと実施している共同研究（気候変動対応プロ、熱帯作物開発プロ、総合防除プロ、インドシナ農山村プロ）の概要や成果に関するポスター発表、印刷物の展示・配布、JIRCAS紹介DVD上映等を行いました。 会場では、研究成果の発表の他、DOAが開発した農産物の展示・試食・即売も行われ、研究者だけでなく、一般参加者も多数訪れました。 JIRCAS展示ブースにも多くの訪問者があり、展示内容に関する質問の他、農家からの技術相談にも対応しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022開会式典で挨拶するDOA局長\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E 開会式典で挨拶するDOA局長\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS展示ブース\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS展示ブース\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022来訪者へ展示内容を説明\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse.gif\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E 来訪者へ展示内容を説明\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs a site-event on the annual general meeting of the Department of Agriculture (DOA), Thailand, the exhibition called “DOA Open House” was held at the Bangkok headquarter of DOA on May 29-31. JIRCAS took part in this year’s exhibition and presented the research outcomes from the cooperative projects with DOA (Climate change response project, Tropical field crop development project, Integrated pest management project and Indochina rural livelihood improvement project) by posters, distributed publications and showed JIRCAS introduction video. Beside presentations about researches, the open house included exhibition, tasting and sale of agricultural products developed by DOA. A lot of researchers and public visitors participated in the exhibition. JIRCAS booth received many visitors, and JIRCAS staffs responded to various inquiries from the visitors regarding the exhibition contents. They also provided technique consultation to farmers who came to the JIRCAS booth.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening remark from DOA General\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Opening remark from DOA General\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS booth\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Explanation of exhibition contents to visitors\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/06/fanglei/doa-openhouse.gif\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Explanation of exhibition contents to visitors\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/wcasw-4#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Fourth (4th) Agriculture Science Week for West and Central Africa, Niger", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Fourth (4th) Agriculture Science Week for West and Central Africa, Niger", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/niger#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Niger", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ニジェール", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Niger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe annual population growth rate of Niger, which is located in the Sahel region of West Africa, has reached 3.7 percent in recent years. Rapid population growth has made Niger has to face a series of challenges including the food security. And Niger has thus become one of the poorest countries in the world. Over the past 20 years, the intensive droughts and floods, due to the climate change, have greatly damaged the agro-sylvo-pastoral system of Sahel region, including Niger. Record little rainfall in 2009 has caused the significant reduce in crops and fodder, and more than 10 million people have suffered from food shortage. On the other hand, excessive rainfall in 2010 has led to flooding, which flooded crops and drowned livestock. Therefore, to cope with these abnormal climates, it is imperative to strengthen the resilience of the agro-sylvo-pastoral systems of West and Central Africa countries. Organized by the West and Central African Council for Agricultural Research and Development (CORAF/WECARD), the fourth edition of Agricultural Science Week in West and Central Africa took place in Niamey, Niger from June 16-20, 2014, under the main theme “Innovative Agro-sylvo-pastoral Systems to feed West and Central Africa”. The Minister of State, Mr. Abdou Labor chaired the opening ceremony. In his opening speech, Mr. Labor said: the theme of the Science Week well fits the 3N (Nigeriennes Noullient Nigeriennes: food self-sufficiency in Niger) initiative, which was proposed by the President of the Republic of Niger, Mr. Issoufou Mahamadou. With the challenges facing agriculture in West and Central Africa, it is vital to strengthen the resilience of agro sylvo-pastoral systems and enhance Africa agriculture itself.” JIRCAS set a booth in this event, where the research programs conducted in Africa, such as Niger and Ghana were posted, and the manuals about the final outcomes were distributed. In Niger, overseas technical cooperation with Japanese organizations, starting with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan, has a long history. During the Agriculture Science Week, many Nigeriens visited JIRCAS booth and exchanged their opinions on agricultural development. Due to the security problems, JIRCAS currently stopped its research projects in Niger. However, many voices asking for resuming activities have been heard. Developing Africa agriculture will take time, and the agricultural results obtained also request long-term and continuous practices and researches. It is strongly suggested to restart the JIRCAS research in Niger as soon as possible.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS Africa Liaison Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Opening ceremony\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS booth\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation of JIRCAS research in Niger\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Presentation of JIRCAS research in Niger\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Visiting daily processing plant\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Visiting dairy processing plant\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe annual population growth rate of Niger, which is located in the Sahel region of West Africa, has reached 3.7 percent in recent years. Rapid population growth has made Niger has to face a series of challenges including the food security. And Niger has thus become one of the poorest countries in the world. Over the past 20 years, the intensive droughts and floods, due to the climate change, have greatly damaged the agro-sylvo-pastoral system of Sahel region, including Niger. Record little rainfall in 2009 has caused the significant reduce in crops and fodder, and more than 10 million people have suffered from food shortage. On the other hand, excessive rainfall in 2010 has led to flooding, which flooded crops and drowned livestock. Therefore, to cope with these abnormal climates, it is imperative to strengthen the resilience of the agro-sylvo-pastoral systems of West and Central Africa countries. Organized by the West and Central African Council for Agricultural Research and Development (CORAF/WECARD), the fourth edition of Agricultural Science Week in West and Central Africa took place in Niamey, Niger from June 16-20, 2014, under the main theme “Innovative Agro-sylvo-pastoral Systems to feed West and Central Africa”. The Minister of State, Mr. Abdou Labor chaired the opening ceremony. In his opening speech, Mr. Labor said: the theme of the Science Week well fits the 3N (Nigeriennes Noullient Nigeriennes: food self-sufficiency in Niger) initiative, which was proposed by the President of the Republic of Niger, Mr. Issoufou Mahamadou. With the challenges facing agriculture in West and Central Africa, it is vital to strengthen the resilience of agro sylvo-pastoral systems and enhance Africa agriculture itself.” JIRCAS set a booth in this event, where the research programs conducted in Africa, such as Niger and Ghana were posted, and the manuals about the final outcomes were distributed. In Niger, overseas technical cooperation with Japanese organizations, starting with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan, has a long history. During the Agriculture Science Week, many Nigeriens visited JIRCAS booth and exchanged their opinions on agricultural development. Due to the security problems, JIRCAS currently stopped its research projects in Niger. However, many voices asking for resuming activities have been heard. Developing Africa agriculture will take time, and the agricultural results obtained also request long-term and continuous practices and researches. It is strongly suggested to restart the JIRCAS research in Niger as soon as possible.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS Africa Liaison Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Opening ceremony\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS booth\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation of JIRCAS research in Niger\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Presentation of JIRCAS research in Niger\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Visiting daily processing plant\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Visiting dairy processing plant\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_20#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "ニジェール国で第4回中央および西アフリカ農業科学週間に参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Fourth (4th) Agriculture Science Week for West and Central Africa, Niger", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/niger#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Niger", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ニジェール", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Niger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E西アフリカのサヘル地域に位置するニジェール国は、人口増加率3.7%と急激な人口増加による食料安全保障を始めとした多くの課題を抱える世界で最も貧しい国の一つです。過去20年の間に、気候変動に起因する過度の旱魃と洪水によって、ニジェール国を含むサヘル地域における農牧林システムに非常に大きな被害をもたらしました。2009年には記録的な少雨により作物や家畜飼料が収穫できず、1,000万人以上が食糧不足に陥りました。一方で翌年、2010年には多雨によって水が氾濫し、作物が水没し家畜が洪水により死にました。このような異常気象が増加している国においては、生産業の環境変動に対するレジリアンスの強化が喫緊の課題となっています。 このような背景を受けて、中央および西アフリカ農業研究・開発協議会（CORAF/WECARD）は、2014年6月16日から20日にかけてニジェール国の首都ニアメで「中央および西アフリカにおける食糧自給のための革新的農牧林システム」を主題とした会議を開催しました。開会式では国務大臣から「本会議の主題は、ニジェール共和国Mahamadou Issoufou大統領が食料の安定供給の確保に向けて提唱している3N（Nigeriennes Noullient Nigeriennes：ニジェール人の糧はニジェール人が与えよう）イニシアティブに合致しており、多くの課題に直面している中央および西アフリカでは農牧林システムの改善を図り、自らアフリカ農業を振興させることが大切である」との宣言により本会議は開始しました。 JIRCASは展示ブースを設置し、ニジェール国やガーナ国などでJIRCASが実施した研究課題について、ポスターによる紹介と最終成果であるマニュアル等の配布を行いました。ニジェール国では農林水産省を始めとする日本の関係機関が長期にわたり海外技術協力を展開してきたこともあり、多くのニジェール人が展示ブースを訪問し、内容の濃い意見交換を行うことできました。治安上の問題から現在、JIRCASはニジェール国での研究活動を停止していますが、農業研究の早期再開を望む声が多く聞かれました。 アフリカの農業開発には長い時間を要します。研究の実施に当たっても長期にわたって継続的に研究に取り組むことが重要です。ニジェール国でのJIRCASの研究が早期に再開されることを願っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ連絡拠点\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022開会式の様子\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 開会式の様子\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS展示ブースでの広報\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS展示ブースでの広報\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022研究ポスターの発表\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 研究ポスターの発表\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022乳製品加工工場への視察\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 乳製品加工工場への視察\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe annual population growth rate of Niger, which is located in the Sahel region of West Africa, has reached 3.7 percent in recent years. Rapid population growth has made Niger has to face a series of challenges including the food security. And Niger has thus become one of the poorest countries in the world. Over the past 20 years, the intensive droughts and floods, due to the climate change, have greatly damaged the agro-sylvo-pastoral system of Sahel region, including Niger. Record little rainfall in 2009 has caused the significant reduce in crops and fodder, and more than 10 million people have suffered from food shortage. On the other hand, excessive rainfall in 2010 has led to flooding, which flooded crops and drowned livestock. Therefore, to cope with these abnormal climates, it is imperative to strengthen the resilience of the agro-sylvo-pastoral systems of West and Central Africa countries. Organized by the West and Central African Council for Agricultural Research and Development (CORAF/WECARD), the fourth edition of Agricultural Science Week in West and Central Africa took place in Niamey, Niger from June 16-20, 2014, under the main theme “Innovative Agro-sylvo-pastoral Systems to feed West and Central Africa”. The Minister of State, Mr. Abdou Labor chaired the opening ceremony. In his opening speech, Mr. Labor said: the theme of the Science Week well fits the 3N (Nigeriennes Noullient Nigeriennes: food self-sufficiency in Niger) initiative, which was proposed by the President of the Republic of Niger, Mr. Issoufou Mahamadou. With the challenges facing agriculture in West and Central Africa, it is vital to strengthen the resilience of agro sylvo-pastoral systems and enhance Africa agriculture itself.” JIRCAS set a booth in this event, where the research programs conducted in Africa, such as Niger and Ghana were posted, and the manuals about the final outcomes were distributed. In Niger, overseas technical cooperation with Japanese organizations, starting with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan, has a long history. During the Agriculture Science Week, many Nigeriens visited JIRCAS booth and exchanged their opinions on agricultural development. Due to the security problems, JIRCAS currently stopped its research projects in Niger. However, many voices asking for resuming activities have been heard. Developing Africa agriculture will take time, and the agricultural results obtained also request long-term and continuous practices and researches. It is strongly suggested to restart the JIRCAS research in Niger as soon as possible.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS Africa Liaison Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Opening ceremony\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS booth\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation of JIRCAS research in Niger\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Presentation of JIRCAS research in Niger\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Visiting daily processing plant\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/wcasw-4-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Visiting dairy processing plant\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/indonesia-organic-farming#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Presentation at Indonesian National Organic Farming Seminar", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Presentation at Indonesian National Organic Farming Seminar", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/indonesia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Indonesia", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "インドネシア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Indonesia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EDue to the growing concern about health and environment by consumers, the production scale of organic farming in Indonesia has been expanding. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, the certified organic farming products were planted in nearly 60,000 ha of land in all over the country in 2012. Under these backgrounds, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) organized the National Seminar on Organic Farming: Toward the Innovation of Organic Farming Technology for Healthy Lifestyle, in Bogor, West Java on June 18 and 19, 2014. The major purpose of this seminar was to disseminate the innovation of organic farming technology and to develop a network among stakeholders. In the seminar, ten invited speakers including one from JIRCAS gave the presentations, followed by 80 oral and poster presentations in three parallel sessions: plant protection, farm management, and policy and institution. In the presentation given by JIRCAS, study results of policy evaluation about chemical-fertilizer-free rice production in Sragen Regency of Central Java province were reported. The seminar attracted various participants including policy planners, farmers and private sectors as well as researchers. At the meantime, local newspaper offered a special coverage about the seminar.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022National seminar on organic farming\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E National seminar on organic farming\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Exhibition of organic farming products at the seminar\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Exhibition of organic farming products at the seminar\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Local newspaper report about the seminar\u0022 height=\u0022250\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-3.jpg.png\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Local newspaper report about the seminar\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EDue to the growing concern about health and environment by consumers, the production scale of organic farming in Indonesia has been expanding. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, the certified organic farming products were planted in nearly 60,000 ha of land in all over the country in 2012. Under these backgrounds, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) organized the National Seminar on Organic Farming: Toward the Innovation of Organic Farming Technology for Healthy Lifestyle, in Bogor, West Java on June 18 and 19, 2014. The major purpose of this seminar was to disseminate the innovation of organic farming technology and to develop a network among stakeholders. In the seminar, ten invited speakers including one from JIRCAS gave the presentations, followed by 80 oral and poster presentations in three parallel sessions: plant protection, farm management, and policy and institution. In the presentation given by JIRCAS, study results of policy evaluation about chemical-fertilizer-free rice production in Sragen Regency of Central Java province were reported. The seminar attracted various participants including policy planners, farmers and private sectors as well as researchers. At the meantime, local newspaper offered a special coverage about the seminar.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022National seminar on organic farming\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E National seminar on organic farming\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Exhibition of organic farming products at the seminar\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Exhibition of organic farming products at the seminar\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Local newspaper report about the seminar\u0022 height=\u0022250\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-3.jpg.png\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Local newspaper report about the seminar\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/indonesia-organic-farming#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "インドネシア有機農業セミナーにおける講演", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Presentation at Indonesian National Organic Farming Seminar", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/indonesia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Indonesia", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "インドネシア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Indonesia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E健康や環境に対する消費者の関心の高まりに伴い、インドネシアでも有機農産物の生産が拡大しています。インドネシア農業省の報告によれば、同国では2012年時点で、公的な認証を受けた有機農産物の栽培面積が約6万haに達しています。こうした背景をふまえ、インドネシア農業研究開発庁（IAARD）は、有機農業に関する技術普及と有機農業に関心を持つ様々な関係者の意見交換を目的として、「有機農業全国セミナー：有機農業の技術革新と健康な生活様式に向かって」を6月18〜19日に西ジャワ州ボゴール市で開催しました。 セミナーでは、JIRCASによる講演を含む10件の招待講演の他、植物防除、圃場管理、政策・組織の３分科会で、約80件の報告が行われました。JIRCASからは、中部ジャワ州スラゲン県が実施した特別栽培米振興政策の評価に関する講演を行いました。 本セミナーは、研究者だけでなく、行政関係者、農家、企業などからも多数の参加があり、現地紙にもセミナーの模様が報道されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022セミナーの模様\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E セミナーの模様\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022有機農産物の展示ブース\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E 有機農産物の展示ブース\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022セミナー開催を伝える現地紙\u0022 height=\u0022250\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-3.jpg.png\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E セミナー開催を伝える現地紙\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EDue to the growing concern about health and environment by consumers, the production scale of organic farming in Indonesia has been expanding. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, the certified organic farming products were planted in nearly 60,000 ha of land in all over the country in 2012. Under these backgrounds, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) organized the National Seminar on Organic Farming: Toward the Innovation of Organic Farming Technology for Healthy Lifestyle, in Bogor, West Java on June 18 and 19, 2014. The major purpose of this seminar was to disseminate the innovation of organic farming technology and to develop a network among stakeholders. In the seminar, ten invited speakers including one from JIRCAS gave the presentations, followed by 80 oral and poster presentations in three parallel sessions: plant protection, farm management, and policy and institution. In the presentation given by JIRCAS, study results of policy evaluation about chemical-fertilizer-free rice production in Sragen Regency of Central Java province were reported. The seminar attracted various participants including policy planners, farmers and private sectors as well as researchers. At the meantime, local newspaper offered a special coverage about the seminar.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022National seminar on organic farming\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E National seminar on organic farming\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Exhibition of organic farming products at the seminar\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Exhibition of organic farming products at the seminar\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Local newspaper report about the seminar\u0022 height=\u0022250\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/indo-org-arg-3.jpg.png\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Local newspaper report about the seminar\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/visit-tamale#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Visit Research Institutes in Tamale, Ghana", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Visit Research Institutes in Tamale, Ghana", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/ghana#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ghana", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ガーナ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ghana", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe land area of Ghana is about two-thirds of Japan, and the climate is broadly divided into humid tropical climate of Atlantic coast and savanna climate of north inland. Tamale, the capital city of Northern Region, is the fourth largest city in Ghana, which is more than 600 km north of Accra and about 10 hours by car. On June 25 ~ 28, the JIRCAS regional representative for Africa, Dr. Dan, visited Tamale, where several test fields of the research projects of JIRCAS 3rd Medium-Term Plan ( YS 2011 – 2015) are located. During his visit, JIRCAS research projects were explained. In addition, Dr. Dan went to some collaboration institutes. At University for Development Studies (UDS), a joint research institute of the project “Soil fertility improvement in rice systems in sub-Sahara Africa” consigned by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan (MAFF), he met with the Dr. Israel K. Dzomeku, and presented JIRCAS’ appreciation for the last 5 years’ cooperation with the completion of the manual. At Savanna Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), a collaborator of Development of rice production technologies in Africa III (Deript III), he visited Dr. Wilson Dogbe and agreed to maintain the existing good relationship. During the stopping by Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), he exchanged the opinions with Dr. Emmanuel Ofori and expressed JIRCAS’s desire to continue cooperation in the future. One of the problems faced by the agriculture sector of Ghana is the development gap between regions. Although the main industry in north region including Tamale is agriculture, the development of rural agriculture has fallen behind others. In the recent years, the government of Ghana has made many efforts to narrow the gap between the north and other regions by extending numerous agricultural organizations’ activities to the north. It is hoped that the agriculture of Ghana would be promoted by sharing information and research results and working closely　between research institutes. JIRCAS Africa Liaison will also want to enhance the relationship with related organizations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS Africa Liaison Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Project meeting at SARI\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Project meeting at SARI\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Test field of Deript III and Savannah scenery\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Test field of Deript III and Savannah scenery\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Building of UDS\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Building of UDS\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Ghana map\u0022 height=\u0022255\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-5-1.png\u0022 width=\u0022235\u0022 /\u003E Ghana map\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe land area of Ghana is about two-thirds of Japan, and the climate is broadly divided into humid tropical climate of Atlantic coast and savanna climate of north inland. Tamale, the capital city of Northern Region, is the fourth largest city in Ghana, which is more than 600 km north of Accra and about 10 hours by car. On June 25 ~ 28, the JIRCAS regional representative for Africa, Dr. Dan, visited Tamale, where several test fields of the research projects of JIRCAS 3rd Medium-Term Plan ( YS 2011 – 2015) are located. During his visit, JIRCAS research projects were explained. In addition, Dr. Dan went to some collaboration institutes. At University for Development Studies (UDS), a joint research institute of the project “Soil fertility improvement in rice systems in sub-Sahara Africa” consigned by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan (MAFF), he met with the Dr. Israel K. Dzomeku, and presented JIRCAS’ appreciation for the last 5 years’ cooperation with the completion of the manual. At Savanna Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), a collaborator of Development of rice production technologies in Africa III (Deript III), he visited Dr. Wilson Dogbe and agreed to maintain the existing good relationship. During the stopping by Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), he exchanged the opinions with Dr. Emmanuel Ofori and expressed JIRCAS’s desire to continue cooperation in the future. One of the problems faced by the agriculture sector of Ghana is the development gap between regions. Although the main industry in north region including Tamale is agriculture, the development of rural agriculture has fallen behind others. In the recent years, the government of Ghana has made many efforts to narrow the gap between the north and other regions by extending numerous agricultural organizations’ activities to the north. It is hoped that the agriculture of Ghana would be promoted by sharing information and research results and working closely　between research institutes. JIRCAS Africa Liaison will also want to enhance the relationship with related organizations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS Africa Liaison Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Project meeting at SARI\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Project meeting at SARI\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Test field of Deript III and Savannah scenery\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Test field of Deript III and Savannah scenery\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Building of UDS\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Building of UDS\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Ghana map\u0022 height=\u0022255\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-5-1.png\u0022 width=\u0022235\u0022 /\u003E Ghana map\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/visit-tamale#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "ガーナ国タマレの関係機関を訪問", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Visit Research Institutes in Tamale, Ghana", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/ghana#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ghana", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ガーナ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ghana", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eガーナの国土面積は日本の約3分の2程度で、自然条件は太平洋に接する熱帯湿潤気候帯と北部の内陸に広がるサバンナ気候帯に大別されます。今回、ノーザン州の州都であるタマレを視察しました。タマレはガーナ第4の都市で、アクラから車で10時間程度、北に約600km強にあるサバンナ地帯にある北部の中心都市です。 2011年度から2015年度までのJIRCASの第3期中期計画において、タマレを対象としている複数の研究課題の現場および共同研究機関を6月25日から28日にかけて訪問し、改めてJIRCASが取り組んでいる研究の概要を説明しました。昨年度、終了した農林水産省大臣官房からの受託事業「アフリカの土壌肥沃度改善検討調査」の共同研究機関であるガーナ開発研究大学では、Dr. Israel K. Dzomekuと面会し、5ヵ年にわたる協力により最終成果物であるマニュアルが完成できたことに感謝の意を表しました。アフリカ稲作振興IIIの共同研究機関であるサバンナ農業研究所では、Dr. Wilson Dogbeと面会し、今後も変わらず良好な関係を維持することを約束しました。また、複数のJIRCAS研究課題の共同研究機関であるクワメ・エンクルマ科学技術大学にも立ち寄り、Dr. Emmanuel Oforiと面会し、引き続きの協力や助言をお願いしました。 ガーナ国農業の特徴の一つとして、国内の地域間の格差が存在することが挙げられます。タマレを含む北部では主要産業である農業農村の開発が立ち遅れており、ガーナ政府も近年、この北部地域の開発と地域間格差の是正を重点政策の一つとしていることなどから、多くの農業部門の機関が北部地域で活動を展開しています。これらの機関が互いに得られた情報や研究成果を共有し、緊密に連携することがガーナ国の農業振興に貢献すると考えます。今後も、JIRCASアフリカ連絡拠点と各関係機関との関係強化を図りたいと考えています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ連絡拠点\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022研究計画打合せ\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E サバンナ農業研究所(SARI)での研究計画打合せ\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ガーナ開発研究大学\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E ガーナ開発研究大学(UDS)の校舎\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022試験ほ場とサバンナ風景\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E アフリカ稲作振興III(DeriptIII)の試験ほ場とサバンナ風景\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ガーナ国内の位置図\u0022 height=\u0022255\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-5.png\u0022 width=\u0022235\u0022 /\u003E ガーナ国内の位置図\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe land area of Ghana is about two-thirds of Japan, and the climate is broadly divided into humid tropical climate of Atlantic coast and savanna climate of north inland. Tamale, the capital city of Northern Region, is the fourth largest city in Ghana, which is more than 600 km north of Accra and about 10 hours by car. On June 25 ~ 28, the JIRCAS regional representative for Africa, Dr. Dan, visited Tamale, where several test fields of the research projects of JIRCAS 3rd Medium-Term Plan ( YS 2011 – 2015) are located. During his visit, JIRCAS research projects were explained. In addition, Dr. Dan went to some collaboration institutes. At University for Development Studies (UDS), a joint research institute of the project “Soil fertility improvement in rice systems in sub-Sahara Africa” consigned by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan (MAFF), he met with the Dr. Israel K. Dzomeku, and presented JIRCAS’ appreciation for the last 5 years’ cooperation with the completion of the manual. At Savanna Agriculture Research Institute (SARI), a collaborator of Development of rice production technologies in Africa III (Deript III), he visited Dr. Wilson Dogbe and agreed to maintain the existing good relationship. During the stopping by Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), he exchanged the opinions with Dr. Emmanuel Ofori and expressed JIRCAS’s desire to continue cooperation in the future. One of the problems faced by the agriculture sector of Ghana is the development gap between regions. Although the main industry in north region including Tamale is agriculture, the development of rural agriculture has fallen behind others. In the recent years, the government of Ghana has made many efforts to narrow the gap between the north and other regions by extending numerous agricultural organizations’ activities to the north. It is hoped that the agriculture of Ghana would be promoted by sharing information and research results and working closely　between research institutes. JIRCAS Africa Liaison will also want to enhance the relationship with related organizations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS Africa Liaison Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Project meeting at SARI\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Project meeting at SARI\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Test field of Deript III and Savannah scenery\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Test field of Deript III and Savannah scenery\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Building of UDS\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Building of UDS\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Ghana map\u0022 height=\u0022255\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/07/fanglei/visit-tamale-5-1.png\u0022 width=\u0022235\u0022 /\u003E Ghana map\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/iame-survey#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Soil Fauna Survey on the Long-term Experimental Field in Thailand by IAME", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Soil Fauna Survey on the Long-term Experimental Field in Thailand by IAME", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn order to evaluate the impact of organic farming on soil, Institute for Agriculture, Medicine, and Environment (IAME) has been conducting the research on biodiversity of soil in Japan and Thailand. On July 19, 2014, IAME survey team visited the Lop Buri Agriculture Research and Developmental Center of Department of Agriculture (DOA), Thailand, and carried out a soil fauna survey in the experimental field. Since 1976, JIRCAS and DOA have been cooperatively implementing a long-term soil experiment to understand the effects of continuous use of organic matters and crop rotation in Thailand. This time, the team of IAME collected soil samples from the JIRCAS-DOA long-term soil experimental field, and classified and counted soil animals in these samples. Until now, there are few reports about the biodiversity in farmlands which are managed by organic farming systems and other sustainable systems in subarctic and tropical regions. It is expected that the survey can bring us valuable data on the relationship of biodiversity and sustainable agriculture.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022IAME survey team in experimental field\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/iame.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E IAME survey team in experimental field\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn order to evaluate the impact of organic farming on soil, Institute for Agriculture, Medicine, and Environment (IAME) has been conducting the research on biodiversity of soil in Japan and Thailand. On July 19, 2014, IAME survey team visited the Lop Buri Agriculture Research and Developmental Center of Department of Agriculture (DOA), Thailand, and carried out a soil fauna survey in the experimental field. Since 1976, JIRCAS and DOA have been cooperatively implementing a long-term soil experiment to understand the effects of continuous use of organic matters and crop rotation in Thailand. This time, the team of IAME collected soil samples from the JIRCAS-DOA long-term soil experimental field, and classified and counted soil animals in these samples. Until now, there are few reports about the biodiversity in farmlands which are managed by organic farming systems and other sustainable systems in subarctic and tropical regions. It is expected that the survey can bring us valuable data on the relationship of biodiversity and sustainable agriculture.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022IAME survey team in experimental field\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/iame.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E IAME survey team in experimental field\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/iame-survey#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "農業・環境・健康研究所によるタイ長期連用試験圃場の土壌動物相調査", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Soil Fauna Survey on the Long-term Experimental Field in Thailand by IAME", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E公益財団法人農業・環境・健康研究所（IAME）は、有機農業が土壌に与える影響の評価を目的として、土壌の生物多様性に関する調査を、日本とタイを対象として実施しています。平成26年7月19日に、本調査の一環として、IAMEの調査チームが、タイ農業局（DOA）ロプブリー農業研究開発センターを訪問し、土壌動物相調査を実施しました。ロプブリー農業研究開発センターでは、JIRCASとDOAが、1976年から有機物施用や輪作を長期継続した場合の効果を調べることを目的とした、長期連用試験が実施されています。IAMEの調査チームは、長期連用試験圃場から土壌サンプルを採取し、土壌動物の分類と計数を行いました。 亜寒帯から熱帯に分布する有機農業やそれに近い管理を行っている農地を対象とする生物多様性に関する調査は例が少なく、今回の調査で、持続可能な農業と生物多様性の関係に関する貴重なデータが得られることが期待されています。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022土壌調査を実施中のIAME調査チーム\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/iame.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E 土壌調査を実施中のIAME調査チーム\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn order to evaluate the impact of organic farming on soil, Institute for Agriculture, Medicine, and Environment (IAME) has been conducting the research on biodiversity of soil in Japan and Thailand. On July 19, 2014, IAME survey team visited the Lop Buri Agriculture Research and Developmental Center of Department of Agriculture (DOA), Thailand, and carried out a soil fauna survey in the experimental field. Since 1976, JIRCAS and DOA have been cooperatively implementing a long-term soil experiment to understand the effects of continuous use of organic matters and crop rotation in Thailand. This time, the team of IAME collected soil samples from the JIRCAS-DOA long-term soil experimental field, and classified and counted soil animals in these samples. Until now, there are few reports about the biodiversity in farmlands which are managed by organic farming systems and other sustainable systems in subarctic and tropical regions. It is expected that the survey can bring us valuable data on the relationship of biodiversity and sustainable agriculture.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022IAME survey team in experimental field\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/iame.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E IAME survey team in experimental field\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/kapi-openhouse#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Open House of Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Open House of Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E“KAPI Open House” to commemorate the 23rd anniversary of Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI) was held on July 28~30, 2014 in Bangkok, Thailand. For this 23rd anniversary, the president of JIRCAS sent a congratulatory letter to the director of KAPI. In his letter, he expressed JIRCAS’ congratulation on the 23rd anniversary of KAPI and wished the open house full success. The letter was read out on the opening ceremony organized in the first day of the event. In the exhibition “Technology for Innovation”, which was opened to public after the opening ceremony, JIRCAS set a booth to exhibit its research outcomes. In the booth, the overviews and outcomes of JIRCAS collaborative research projects with Thai research organizations including KAPI were presented by posters. In addition, JIRCAS publications were displayed and distributed; inquiries from the visitors were answered by JIRCAS Southeast Asia Liaison Office staff; and functional food tasting (anti-oxidative cooked rice nugget) was provided.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Opening ceremony\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS exhibition booth\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS exhibition booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Fashion show of cloth made of bamboo fiber developed by KAPI\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Fashion show of cloth made of bamboo fiber developed by KAPI\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E“KAPI Open House” to commemorate the 23rd anniversary of Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI) was held on July 28~30, 2014 in Bangkok, Thailand. For this 23rd anniversary, the president of JIRCAS sent a congratulatory letter to the director of KAPI. In his letter, he expressed JIRCAS’ congratulation on the 23rd anniversary of KAPI and wished the open house full success. The letter was read out on the opening ceremony organized in the first day of the event. In the exhibition “Technology for Innovation”, which was opened to public after the opening ceremony, JIRCAS set a booth to exhibit its research outcomes. In the booth, the overviews and outcomes of JIRCAS collaborative research projects with Thai research organizations including KAPI were presented by posters. In addition, JIRCAS publications were displayed and distributed; inquiries from the visitors were answered by JIRCAS Southeast Asia Liaison Office staff; and functional food tasting (anti-oxidative cooked rice nugget) was provided.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Opening ceremony\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS exhibition booth\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS exhibition booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Fashion show of cloth made of bamboo fiber developed by KAPI\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Fashion show of cloth made of bamboo fiber developed by KAPI\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/kapi-openhouse#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "KAPIオープンハウスでJIRCASの活動を紹介", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Open House of Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eタイ国のカセサート大学農業・農業工学生産改良研究所（KAPI）の創立23周年を記念するKAPIオープンハウスが、7月28〜30日に、バンコクのKAPIで開催されました。 初日に行われた開会式典では、JIRCAS理事長からKAPI所長宛てに送られた、創立23周年とオープンハウスの開催を祝福するメッセージが読み上げられました。 式典に引き続き一般に公開された展示会「革新のための技術（Technology for Innovation）」には、JIRCASの研究成果を紹介するブースを出展しました。JIRCAS展示ブースでは、KAPIをはじめとするタイの研究機関との共同研究の概要や研究成果を紹介するポスターの展示、印刷物の展示・配布、説明員による来訪者への説明、機能性食品（機能性成分入りライスナゲット）の試食を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022開会式典\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E 開会式典\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS展示ブース\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS展示ブース\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022竹繊維を素材とする衣服\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E KAPIが開発した竹繊維を素材とする衣服のファッションショー\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E“KAPI Open House” to commemorate the 23rd anniversary of Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI) was held on July 28~30, 2014 in Bangkok, Thailand. For this 23rd anniversary, the president of JIRCAS sent a congratulatory letter to the director of KAPI. In his letter, he expressed JIRCAS’ congratulation on the 23rd anniversary of KAPI and wished the open house full success. The letter was read out on the opening ceremony organized in the first day of the event. In the exhibition “Technology for Innovation”, which was opened to public after the opening ceremony, JIRCAS set a booth to exhibit its research outcomes. In the booth, the overviews and outcomes of JIRCAS collaborative research projects with Thai research organizations including KAPI were presented by posters. In addition, JIRCAS publications were displayed and distributed; inquiries from the visitors were answered by JIRCAS Southeast Asia Liaison Office staff; and functional food tasting (anti-oxidative cooked rice nugget) was provided.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Opening ceremony\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS exhibition booth\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS exhibition booth\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Fashion show of cloth made of bamboo fiber developed by KAPI\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/08/fanglei/kapi-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Fashion show of cloth made of bamboo fiber developed by KAPI\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/doa-field-crops-research-center#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Visit Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center of DOA", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Visit Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center of DOA", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is working with Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center of DOA, Thailand for NIAS (National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences) Genebank project. Consigned by JIRCAS, the center conducts tropic soybean seed multiplication in its experimental field in Chiang Mai. On August 13, 2014, we visited the center to collect information about current situation of soybean production in Thailand. Mr. Sutad Pintasen, Director of Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center told us that among the main research crops of the center, such as soybean, maize, peanut and sesame, soybean has the highest priority and many of researchers in the center involve soybean researches including high-quality seed multiplication and its distribution. Soybean is an important crop for hill tribes such as Shan and Laos, who mainly live in the border areas of northern Thailand. Over the years, the center continues to work on the development of soybean varieties which can adapt to high latitude areas. The center also emphasizes high-yield, early maturity, high protein and large seed size in its soybean breeding programs. Soybean productions in Thailand can be categorized into four types: 1) upland production (mainly crop rotation with maize), 2) secondary crop after lowland rice production, 3) traditional edamame production (for domestic consumption), and 4) edamame production as contract farming (for export). Soybean production in Thailand competes with maize production. Due to the profitability, farmers have a trend to change their crops from soybean to maize in recent years, which results in the reduction of soybean cultivation areas. In order to encourage consumption of soybean, the center has been developing various processed foods which use soybean as their ingredient (raw materials), such as French fried-style nugget made of soy flour and roasted bean seasoned with soy sauce.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Experimental field of Chiang Mai Field crops Research Center\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E Experimental field of Chiang Mai Field crops Research Center\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Roasted bean seasoned with soy sauce\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E Roasted bean seasoned with soy sauce\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022French fried-style nugget\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E French fried-style nugget\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is working with Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center of DOA, Thailand for NIAS (National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences) Genebank project. Consigned by JIRCAS, the center conducts tropic soybean seed multiplication in its experimental field in Chiang Mai. On August 13, 2014, we visited the center to collect information about current situation of soybean production in Thailand. Mr. Sutad Pintasen, Director of Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center told us that among the main research crops of the center, such as soybean, maize, peanut and sesame, soybean has the highest priority and many of researchers in the center involve soybean researches including high-quality seed multiplication and its distribution. Soybean is an important crop for hill tribes such as Shan and Laos, who mainly live in the border areas of northern Thailand. Over the years, the center continues to work on the development of soybean varieties which can adapt to high latitude areas. The center also emphasizes high-yield, early maturity, high protein and large seed size in its soybean breeding programs. Soybean productions in Thailand can be categorized into four types: 1) upland production (mainly crop rotation with maize), 2) secondary crop after lowland rice production, 3) traditional edamame production (for domestic consumption), and 4) edamame production as contract farming (for export). Soybean production in Thailand competes with maize production. Due to the profitability, farmers have a trend to change their crops from soybean to maize in recent years, which results in the reduction of soybean cultivation areas. In order to encourage consumption of soybean, the center has been developing various processed foods which use soybean as their ingredient (raw materials), such as French fried-style nugget made of soy flour and roasted bean seasoned with soy sauce.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Experimental field of Chiang Mai Field crops Research Center\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E Experimental field of Chiang Mai Field crops Research Center\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Roasted bean seasoned with soy sauce\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E Roasted bean seasoned with soy sauce\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022French fried-style nugget\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E French fried-style nugget\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/doa-field-crops-research-center#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "DOAチェンマイ畑作物研究センターを訪問", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Visit Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center of DOA", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASが農業生物資源ジーンバンク事業で熱帯性ダイズ種子増殖事業を委託している、タイ農業局（DOA）チェンマイ畑作物研究センターを8月13日に訪問しました。 同センター所長のMr. Sutad Pintasenによれば、同センターの主な研究対象作物は、ダイズ、トウモロコシ、ラッカセイ、ゴマですが、研究員の多くがダイズに関与しており、ダイズに関する研究と優良種子の増殖・配付を実施しています。 ダイズはタイ北部の国境地域に在住する山岳民族（シャン族、ラオ族等）の重要作物で、同センターは、高標高地域での栽培に適した品種の開発に関心を持っています。また、高収量、早熟、高タンパク、大粒といった形質を重視した育種を行っています。 同国のダイズ生産は、①畑地におけるダイズ生産（トウモロコシとの輪作が中心）、②水稲後作のダイズ生産、③伝統的な枝豆生産（国内消費用）、④契約栽培による枝豆生産（輸出用高級品）の４種の形態に分類されます。 同国のダイズ生産は、トウモロコシと競合しており、近年は収益性の関係から、ダイズからトウモロコシへ転作する農家が増え、国内のダイズ栽培面積は減少しているようです。 ダイズの消費を喚起するため、同センターでは、ダイズを原料とする加工食品の開発も実施しており、ダイズ粉を使用したフレンチフライ風の食品や、醤油味の煎り豆風の食品が、既に試作されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022チェンマイ畑作物研究所の試験圃場\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E チェンマイ畑作物研究所の試験圃場\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022醤油味の炒り豆風食品\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E 醤油味の炒り豆風食品 　\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ダイズ粉が原料のフレンチフライ風食品\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022285\u0022 /\u003E ダイズ粉が原料のフレンチフライ風食品\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is working with Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center of DOA, Thailand for NIAS (National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences) Genebank project. Consigned by JIRCAS, the center conducts tropic soybean seed multiplication in its experimental field in Chiang Mai. On August 13, 2014, we visited the center to collect information about current situation of soybean production in Thailand. Mr. Sutad Pintasen, Director of Chiang Mai Field Crops Research Center told us that among the main research crops of the center, such as soybean, maize, peanut and sesame, soybean has the highest priority and many of researchers in the center involve soybean researches including high-quality seed multiplication and its distribution. Soybean is an important crop for hill tribes such as Shan and Laos, who mainly live in the border areas of northern Thailand. Over the years, the center continues to work on the development of soybean varieties which can adapt to high latitude areas. The center also emphasizes high-yield, early maturity, high protein and large seed size in its soybean breeding programs. Soybean productions in Thailand can be categorized into four types: 1) upland production (mainly crop rotation with maize), 2) secondary crop after lowland rice production, 3) traditional edamame production (for domestic consumption), and 4) edamame production as contract farming (for export). Soybean production in Thailand competes with maize production. Due to the profitability, farmers have a trend to change their crops from soybean to maize in recent years, which results in the reduction of soybean cultivation areas. In order to encourage consumption of soybean, the center has been developing various processed foods which use soybean as their ingredient (raw materials), such as French fried-style nugget made of soy flour and roasted bean seasoned with soy sauce.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Experimental field of Chiang Mai Field crops Research Center\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E Experimental field of Chiang Mai Field crops Research Center\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Roasted bean seasoned with soy sauce\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E Roasted bean seasoned with soy sauce\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022French fried-style nugget\u0022 height=\u0022212\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/09/fanglei/chiang-ma-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022282\u0022 /\u003E French fried-style nugget\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/ifrpd-food-festival#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "IFRPD Innovative Food Festival", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "IFRPD Innovative Food Festival", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ETo celebrate the 72nd anniversary of Kasetsart University, Thailand, the Institute of Food Research and Product Development (IFRPD) of Kasetsart University hosted the “IFRPD Innovative Food Festival” on September 9-11, 2014 in Bangkok. As a collaborative research institute, JIRCAS participated into the festival. In the festival site, IFRPD established the “Research Open Market” to showcase its research results. A special booth was set up to display rice nuggets with functional components which were collaboratively developed by JIRCAS and IFRPD. The festival attracted thousands of visitors to participate. They enjoyed tasting various kinds of foods exhibited in this event including rice nuggets and watched “Thai iron chef” live demos of creative cuisines, which were also offered for tasting, by using two processed foods (vegetable protein sheet and low-salt soup stock) newly developed by IFRPD. The festival offered an opportunity for visitors to experience research outcomes.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS exhibition booth\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Booth displayed rice nuggets with functional components developed by JIRCAS\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022visitors enjoy food tasting\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Visitors enjoyed rice nugget tasting\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022creative cuisine demo\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Creative cuisine demo by “Thai iron chaf”\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ETo celebrate the 72nd anniversary of Kasetsart University, Thailand, the Institute of Food Research and Product Development (IFRPD) of Kasetsart University hosted the “IFRPD Innovative Food Festival” on September 9-11, 2014 in Bangkok. As a collaborative research institute, JIRCAS participated into the festival. In the festival site, IFRPD established the “Research Open Market” to showcase its research results. A special booth was set up to display rice nuggets with functional components which were collaboratively developed by JIRCAS and IFRPD. The festival attracted thousands of visitors to participate. They enjoyed tasting various kinds of foods exhibited in this event including rice nuggets and watched “Thai iron chef” live demos of creative cuisines, which were also offered for tasting, by using two processed foods (vegetable protein sheet and low-salt soup stock) newly developed by IFRPD. The festival offered an opportunity for visitors to experience research outcomes.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS exhibition booth\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Booth displayed rice nuggets with functional components developed by JIRCAS\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022visitors enjoy food tasting\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Visitors enjoyed rice nugget tasting\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022creative cuisine demo\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Creative cuisine demo by “Thai iron chaf”\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/ifrpd-food-festival#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "IFRPDイノベーティブ・フードフェスティバル参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "IFRPD Innovative Food Festival", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASの共同研究機関である、タイ国カセサート大学の創立72周年を記念する式典の一環として、同大学の食品研究所（IFRPD）が主催する「IFRPDイノベーティブ・フードフェスティバル」が、9月9〜11日にIFRPDで開催されました。 フェスティバル会場には、IFRPDの研究成果を展示するブースを集めた「リサーチ・オープンマーケット」が設置され、JIRCASとIFRPDの共同研究で開発された機能性成分入りライスナゲットをはじめとする、様々な食品の展示と試食が行われました。また、タイの有名シェフが、IFRPDが新たに開発した２つの加工食品（シート状に加工した植物タンパク質と減塩スープストック）を材料として考案した創作料理の実演、試食会が行われ、多くの訪問者で賑わいました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS研究成果「機能性成分入りライスナゲット」展示ブース\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS研究成果「機能性成分入りライスナゲット」展示ブース\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022機能性成分入りライスナゲットを試食する来訪者\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E 機能性成分入りライスナゲットを試食する来訪者\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022有名シェフによる創作料理の実演\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E 有名シェフによる創作料理の実演\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ETo celebrate the 72nd anniversary of Kasetsart University, Thailand, the Institute of Food Research and Product Development (IFRPD) of Kasetsart University hosted the “IFRPD Innovative Food Festival” on September 9-11, 2014 in Bangkok. As a collaborative research institute, JIRCAS participated into the festival. In the festival site, IFRPD established the “Research Open Market” to showcase its research results. A special booth was set up to display rice nuggets with functional components which were collaboratively developed by JIRCAS and IFRPD. The festival attracted thousands of visitors to participate. They enjoyed tasting various kinds of foods exhibited in this event including rice nuggets and watched “Thai iron chef” live demos of creative cuisines, which were also offered for tasting, by using two processed foods (vegetable protein sheet and low-salt soup stock) newly developed by IFRPD. The festival offered an opportunity for visitors to experience research outcomes.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS exhibition booth\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Booth displayed rice nuggets with functional components developed by JIRCAS\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022visitors enjoy food tasting\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Visitors enjoyed rice nugget tasting\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022creative cuisine demo\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/10/fanglei/ifrpd-food-fair-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Creative cuisine demo by “Thai iron chaf”\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/tistr#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Visit Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Visit Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR) is a national research institute under Ministry of Science and Technology, Royal Thai Government. The institute undertakes researches on bio-science and sustainable development. In order to introduce JIRCAS activities to TISTR researchers and seek the possibilities of future collaboration, a seminar was organized by TISTR in its headquarters, Pathum Thani province on October 15, 2014. During the seminar, while introducing the JIRCAS outline, on-going researches in Thailand and basic procedures of project implementation, TISTR researchers explained the outline of TISTR research activities. The participants from both institutes understood that they are working with common research topics such as functional food, biomass and reduction of greenhouse gas emission from agricultural sector. They also agreed to continue information exchange to realize collaboration in future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022participants\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Seminar participants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022TISTR food processing research laboratory\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E TISTR food processing research laboratory\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Exhibition of TISTR research results\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Exhibition of TISTR research results (bio-fuel, fertilizer and fiber materials made from algae )\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR) is a national research institute under Ministry of Science and Technology, Royal Thai Government. The institute undertakes researches on bio-science and sustainable development. In order to introduce JIRCAS activities to TISTR researchers and seek the possibilities of future collaboration, a seminar was organized by TISTR in its headquarters, Pathum Thani province on October 15, 2014. During the seminar, while introducing the JIRCAS outline, on-going researches in Thailand and basic procedures of project implementation, TISTR researchers explained the outline of TISTR research activities. The participants from both institutes understood that they are working with common research topics such as functional food, biomass and reduction of greenhouse gas emission from agricultural sector. They also agreed to continue information exchange to realize collaboration in future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022participants\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Seminar participants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022TISTR food processing research laboratory\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E TISTR food processing research laboratory\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Exhibition of TISTR research results\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Exhibition of TISTR research results (bio-fuel, fertilizer and fiber materials made from algae )\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_21#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイ科学技術研究所（TISTR）でJIRCAS活動を紹介", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Visit Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eタイ科学技術研究所（Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, TISTR）は、同国科学技術省が所管する国立研究所で、バイオサイエンスと持続的な開発に関する研究を実施しています。この度、TISTRから要請を受けて、JIRCASの活動を紹介するとともに、将来の協力可能性に関する意見交換を目的とした会合が、10月15日にバンコク郊外パトムタニー県にあるTISTR本部で開催されました。 会合では、JIRCASの概要、タイで実施中の研究活動、共同研究プロジェクトの実施方法について紹介する一方、TISTRの研究者から、同研究所の活動概要について、説明を受けました。 JIRCASとTISTRは、機能性食品、バイオマス、農業に起因する温室効果ガス排出削減等、共通する研究課題を実施しており、今後とも将来の協力の可能性について、情報交換を続けていくこととしました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022会議参加者\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E 会議参加者\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022TISTRの食品加工研究室\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E TISTRの食品加工研究室\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022TISTR研究成果の展示（藻類を原料とするバイオ燃料、肥料、繊維他）\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E TISTR研究成果の展示（藻類を原料とするバイオ燃料、肥料、繊維他）\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR) is a national research institute under Ministry of Science and Technology, Royal Thai Government. The institute undertakes researches on bio-science and sustainable development. In order to introduce JIRCAS activities to TISTR researchers and seek the possibilities of future collaboration, a seminar was organized by TISTR in its headquarters, Pathum Thani province on October 15, 2014. During the seminar, while introducing the JIRCAS outline, on-going researches in Thailand and basic procedures of project implementation, TISTR researchers explained the outline of TISTR research activities. The participants from both institutes understood that they are working with common research topics such as functional food, biomass and reduction of greenhouse gas emission from agricultural sector. They also agreed to continue information exchange to realize collaboration in future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022participants\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Seminar participants\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022TISTR food processing research laboratory\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E TISTR food processing research laboratory\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Exhibition of TISTR research results\u0022 height=\u0022160\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/tistr-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022200\u0022 /\u003E Exhibition of TISTR research results (bio-fuel, fertilizer and fiber materials made from algae )\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/call--dg#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Courtesy call on DG of Thai DOA by JIRCAS President", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Courtesy call on DG of Thai DOA by JIRCAS President", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EDepartment of Agriculture (DOA), Thailand has been a major cooperative research organization in Thailand since the establishment of JIRCAS. Dr. Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, who participated in the 4th International Rice Congress during October 27-Novermber 1, 2014 in Bangkok, visited DOA, and exchanged opinions with Mr. Anan Swannarat, Director General of DOA about their research collaboration. At the meeting, both JIRCAS President and DOA Director General presented their thanks for the supports in their collaborative projects. They also actively exchanged their views on the directions of the future collaborative researches.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022presented a token\u0022 height=\u0022337\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/doa-jircas.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022449\u0022 /\u003E Dr. Iwanaga, JIRCAS President presented a token to Mr. Anan, Director General (right) after the meeting\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EDepartment of Agriculture (DOA), Thailand has been a major cooperative research organization in Thailand since the establishment of JIRCAS. Dr. Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, who participated in the 4th International Rice Congress during October 27-Novermber 1, 2014 in Bangkok, visited DOA, and exchanged opinions with Mr. Anan Swannarat, Director General of DOA about their research collaboration. At the meeting, both JIRCAS President and DOA Director General presented their thanks for the supports in their collaborative projects. They also actively exchanged their views on the directions of the future collaborative researches.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022presented a token\u0022 height=\u0022337\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/doa-jircas.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022449\u0022 /\u003E Dr. Iwanaga, JIRCAS President presented a token to Mr. Anan, Director General (right) after the meeting\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_22#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS理事長がタイ農業局（DOA）局長を表敬訪問", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Courtesy call on DG of Thai DOA by JIRCAS President", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eタイ農業局（DOA）は、JIRCAS設立以来のタイにおける主要な共同研究機関です。この度、第４回世界イネ会議（The 4th International Rice Congress、2014年10月27日〜11月1日、於：バンコク）参加のためタイを訪問していたJIRCAS岩永勝理事長が、DOAを訪問し、同局アナン　スワナラット局長(Mr. Anan Swannarat)と両機関の共同研究に関する意見交換を行いました。 会談では、JIRCASとDOAが実施している共同研究プロジェクトについて、両機関からお互いの支援に対する謝意が示されるとともに、将来の共同研究の実施方針について、活発な意見交換が行われました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022アナン局長（右）に記念品を贈呈する岩永理事長\u0022 height=\u0022334\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/doa-jircas.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022445\u0022 /\u003E アナン局長（右）に記念品を贈呈する岩永理事長\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EDepartment of Agriculture (DOA), Thailand has been a major cooperative research organization in Thailand since the establishment of JIRCAS. Dr. Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, who participated in the 4th International Rice Congress during October 27-Novermber 1, 2014 in Bangkok, visited DOA, and exchanged opinions with Mr. Anan Swannarat, Director General of DOA about their research collaboration. At the meeting, both JIRCAS President and DOA Director General presented their thanks for the supports in their collaborative projects. They also actively exchanged their views on the directions of the future collaborative researches.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022presented a token\u0022 height=\u0022337\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/doa-jircas.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022449\u0022 /\u003E Dr. Iwanaga, JIRCAS President presented a token to Mr. Anan, Director General (right) after the meeting\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/iwate-doa#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Iwate Prefecture and JA Iwatechuoh Study Team Visited Thai DOA", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Iwate Prefecture and JA Iwatechuoh Study Team Visited Thai DOA", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIwatechuoh Agricultural Cooperatives (JA Iwatechuoh) is a Japanese agricultural cooperative which works in the central region of Iwate Prefecture, Northeast Japan. For a long time, JA Iwatechuoh has been promoting local agricultural commodity exports to Thailand. Apple, which was firstly exported to Thailand six years ago, is the most successful export product from Iwate. To further expansion of apple export and investigation into other export potential of agricultural products, a study team, leading by Mr. Nagayasu Sugihara, Director General of Morioka Regional Development office, Iwate Prefecture, and Mr. Tosen Fujio, President of JA Iwatechuoh, visited Thailand. According to the request from JA Iwatechuoh, JIRCAS organized the study team to visit Thai Department of Agriculture (DOA) on November 11, 2014. During their visiting, the study team made a courtesy call on Mr. Anan Swannarat, Director General of DOA, and collected information about the agricultural export promotion policy in DOA. The team also visited the Postharvest and Products Processing Research and Development Office of DOA, and exchanged information and opinions on quality improvement of agricultural products for export, such as development of aflatoxin detection kit for agricultural commodities. \u003Cimg alt=\u0022Discussion\u0022 height=\u0022302\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/iwata-doa.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022402\u0022 /\u003E Discussion between study team (left) and DOA researchers\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIwatechuoh Agricultural Cooperatives (JA Iwatechuoh) is a Japanese agricultural cooperative which works in the central region of Iwate Prefecture, Northeast Japan. For a long time, JA Iwatechuoh has been promoting local agricultural commodity exports to Thailand. Apple, which was firstly exported to Thailand six years ago, is the most successful export product from Iwate. To further expansion of apple export and investigation into other export potential of agricultural products, a study team, leading by Mr. Nagayasu Sugihara, Director General of Morioka Regional Development office, Iwate Prefecture, and Mr. Tosen Fujio, President of JA Iwatechuoh, visited Thailand. According to the request from JA Iwatechuoh, JIRCAS organized the study team to visit Thai Department of Agriculture (DOA) on November 11, 2014. During their visiting, the study team made a courtesy call on Mr. Anan Swannarat, Director General of DOA, and collected information about the agricultural export promotion policy in DOA. The team also visited the Postharvest and Products Processing Research and Development Office of DOA, and exchanged information and opinions on quality improvement of agricultural products for export, such as development of aflatoxin detection kit for agricultural commodities. \u003Cimg alt=\u0022Discussion\u0022 height=\u0022302\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/iwata-doa.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022402\u0022 /\u003E Discussion between study team (left) and DOA researchers\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_26#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "岩手県・JAいわて中央視察団がタイ農業局（DOA）を訪問", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Iwate Prefecture and JA Iwatechuoh Study Team Visited Thai DOA", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E岩手中央農業協同組合（JAいわて中央）は、同県産農産物の輸出に力を入れており、特にタイに対するリンゴ輸出は、輸出開始から６年を迎えています。この度、更なるリンゴ輸出拡大と、その他の同県産農産物の輸出可能性を検討するため、岩手県盛岡振興局・杉原永康局長とJAいわて中央・藤尾東泉組合長、担当者の視察団が、タイを訪問しました。JAいわて中央からの依頼を受け、11月11日、視察団のタイ農業局（DOA）訪問に同行しました。 DOAでは、同局局長Mr. Anan Swannaratを表敬訪問するとともに、DOAにおける農産物輸出支援政策に関する説明を受けました。また、同局のポストハーベスト・加工研究開発事務所を見学し、食品中に含まれるカビ毒検出キットの開発など、輸出向け農産物の品質向上に関する研究活動について、情報収集と意見交換が行われました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022訪問団（左側）とDOA研究者の意見交換\u0022 height=\u0022302\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/iwata-doa.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022402\u0022 /\u003E 訪問団（左側）とDOA研究者の意見交換\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIwatechuoh Agricultural Cooperatives (JA Iwatechuoh) is a Japanese agricultural cooperative which works in the central region of Iwate Prefecture, Northeast Japan. For a long time, JA Iwatechuoh has been promoting local agricultural commodity exports to Thailand. Apple, which was firstly exported to Thailand six years ago, is the most successful export product from Iwate. To further expansion of apple export and investigation into other export potential of agricultural products, a study team, leading by Mr. Nagayasu Sugihara, Director General of Morioka Regional Development office, Iwate Prefecture, and Mr. Tosen Fujio, President of JA Iwatechuoh, visited Thailand. According to the request from JA Iwatechuoh, JIRCAS organized the study team to visit Thai Department of Agriculture (DOA) on November 11, 2014. During their visiting, the study team made a courtesy call on Mr. Anan Swannarat, Director General of DOA, and collected information about the agricultural export promotion policy in DOA. The team also visited the Postharvest and Products Processing Research and Development Office of DOA, and exchanged information and opinions on quality improvement of agricultural products for export, such as development of aflatoxin detection kit for agricultural commodities. \u003Cimg alt=\u0022Discussion\u0022 height=\u0022302\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/11/fanglei/iwata-doa.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022402\u0022 /\u003E Discussion between study team (left) and DOA researchers\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/apaari-13#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "APAARI General Assembly Meeting", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "APAARI General Assembly Meeting", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions (APAARI) was established in December 1990. Now, it has 20 regular members from Asia and Pacific region, including JIRCAS, 16 associate members,? 8 affiliate members, and 11 reciprocal members. The APAARI General Assembly Meeting, which is a top decision-making meeting participated by all the members, is organized every two years. The 13th APAARI was taken place in Bangkok on November 1, 2014. During the meeting, the participants apprised the past two-year’s activities and account statement, and discussed the work plan and budget for next two years. JIRCAS introduced the outline of the APAARI-JIRCAS Consultation on Assuring Food Safety in Asia-Pacific, jointly hosted by JIRCAS and APAARI in August in Tsukuba, Japan. At the end of meeting, tokens were presented to Dr. Masa Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, who has been working as Vice-Chairman of the APAARI Excecutive Committee (EC) as well as other EC members who will complete their terms in the end of this years. \u003Cimg alt=\u0022The 13th APAARI General Assembly Meeting\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/12/fanglei/apaari-13.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E The 13th APAARI General Assembly Meeting\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions (APAARI) was established in December 1990. Now, it has 20 regular members from Asia and Pacific region, including JIRCAS, 16 associate members,? 8 affiliate members, and 11 reciprocal members. The APAARI General Assembly Meeting, which is a top decision-making meeting participated by all the members, is organized every two years. The 13th APAARI was taken place in Bangkok on November 1, 2014. During the meeting, the participants apprised the past two-year’s activities and account statement, and discussed the work plan and budget for next two years. JIRCAS introduced the outline of the APAARI-JIRCAS Consultation on Assuring Food Safety in Asia-Pacific, jointly hosted by JIRCAS and APAARI in August in Tsukuba, Japan. At the end of meeting, tokens were presented to Dr. Masa Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, who has been working as Vice-Chairman of the APAARI Excecutive Committee (EC) as well as other EC members who will complete their terms in the end of this years. \u003Cimg alt=\u0022The 13th APAARI General Assembly Meeting\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/12/fanglei/apaari-13.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E The 13th APAARI General Assembly Meeting\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20160203#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アジア太平洋農業研究機関協議会（APAARI）総会に参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "APAARI General Assembly Meeting", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASを含むアジア・太平洋地域の農業研究機関等で構成されるアジア太平洋農業研究機関協議会（APAARI）は、最高意思決定機構である総会を2年毎に開催しています。このたび、11月1日にバンコクで開催された第13回総会に参加しました。 会合では、活動・決算報告、活動・予算計画の審議や理事会新メンバーの選出等が行われました。またJIRCASからは、本年8月にAPAARIと共催してつくばで開催したアジア太平洋地域の食品安全確保に関する専門家会合（APAARI-JIRCAS Consultation on Assuring Food Safety in Asia -Pacific）の概要を紹介しました。会議終了時には、これまで副議長を務めたJIRCAS岩永勝理事長をはじめ、本年末を持って任期が満了するAPAARI理事会メンバーに対する記念品の贈呈が行われました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022第13回APAARI総会\u0022 height=\u0022254\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/12/fanglei/apaari-13.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022338\u0022 /\u003E 第13回APAARI総会\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions (APAARI) was established in December 1990. Now, it has 20 regular members from Asia and Pacific region, including JIRCAS, 16 associate members,? 8 affiliate members, and 11 reciprocal members. The APAARI General Assembly Meeting, which is a top decision-making meeting participated by all the members, is organized every two years. The 13th APAARI was taken place in Bangkok on November 1, 2014. During the meeting, the participants apprised the past two-year’s activities and account statement, and discussed the work plan and budget for next two years. JIRCAS introduced the outline of the APAARI-JIRCAS Consultation on Assuring Food Safety in Asia-Pacific, jointly hosted by JIRCAS and APAARI in August in Tsukuba, Japan. At the end of meeting, tokens were presented to Dr. Masa Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, who has been working as Vice-Chairman of the APAARI Excecutive Committee (EC) as well as other EC members who will complete their terms in the end of this years. \u003Cimg alt=\u0022The 13th APAARI General Assembly Meeting\u0022 height=\u0022275\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2014/12/fanglei/apaari-13.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022366\u0022 /\u003E The 13th APAARI General Assembly Meeting\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/asean-partnership#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Opening Ceremony of ASEAN-Japan Partnership Program", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Opening Ceremony of ASEAN-Japan Partnership Program", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn order to provide practical and advanced technologies and knowledge on food-value chain of Japanese companies to university students in ASEAN countries, the ASEAN-Japan Partnership Program on Food Value Chain was launched. As a sign of the beginning of the program, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan hosted an opening ceremony on January 23, 2015 in Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. During the symposium organized after the opening ceremony, Japanese companies actively working in ASEAN countries introduced their efforts to contribute to adding value on agricultural products. JIRCAS participated in the ceremony, and exchanged the information with various shakeholders in the field of food technologies. \u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening Ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022317\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/02/asean-partnership.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022422\u0022 /\u003E Opening Ceremony\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn order to provide practical and advanced technologies and knowledge on food-value chain of Japanese companies to university students in ASEAN countries, the ASEAN-Japan Partnership Program on Food Value Chain was launched. As a sign of the beginning of the program, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan hosted an opening ceremony on January 23, 2015 in Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. During the symposium organized after the opening ceremony, Japanese companies actively working in ASEAN countries introduced their efforts to contribute to adding value on agricultural products. JIRCAS participated in the ceremony, and exchanged the information with various shakeholders in the field of food technologies. \u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening Ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022317\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/02/asean-partnership.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022422\u0022 /\u003E Opening Ceremony\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/asean-partnership#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アセアン日本パートナーシッププログラム開始式典", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Opening Ceremony of ASEAN-Japan Partnership Program", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアセアン各国の大学生に、日系企業がフードバリューチェーンに関する実用的・先端的な技術と知識を提供することを目的とした、アセアン日本パートナーシッププログラムが開始されることに伴い、本プログラムの開始を記念する式典が、日本の農林水産省主催により、１月２３日にタイ国バンコクのカセサート大学で開催されました。 式典に引き続き行われたシンポジウムでは、アセアンで事業展開中の日系企業が実施している、農産物の付加価値向上の取り組みが紹介されました。 JIRCASも本式典に参加し、関係者と食品分野に関する技術情報の交換を行うことができました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022アセアン日本パートナーシッププログラム開会式典\u0022 height=\u0022289\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/02/asean-partnership.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022385\u0022 /\u003E アセアン日本パートナーシッププログラム開会式典\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn order to provide practical and advanced technologies and knowledge on food-value chain of Japanese companies to university students in ASEAN countries, the ASEAN-Japan Partnership Program on Food Value Chain was launched. As a sign of the beginning of the program, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan hosted an opening ceremony on January 23, 2015 in Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. During the symposium organized after the opening ceremony, Japanese companies actively working in ASEAN countries introduced their efforts to contribute to adding value on agricultural products. JIRCAS participated in the ceremony, and exchanged the information with various shakeholders in the field of food technologies. \u003Cimg alt=\u0022Opening Ceremony\u0022 height=\u0022317\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/02/asean-partnership.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022422\u0022 /\u003E Opening Ceremony\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/doa-seminar#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "DOA Seminar", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "DOA Seminar", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThailand is one of the most important partners of JIRCAS research collaboration in Southeast Asia. Since 1970, when Tropic Agricultural Research Center (TARC) was established (the predecessor of JIRCAS), many collaborative projects with Department of Agriculture (DOA), Thai Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives have been conducted. In 1989, TARC Bangkok Office was opened in Soil Research Group of DOA, and it is currently operating as JIRCAS Southeast Asia Liaison Office. In order to summarize the outcomes of the collaborative research projects under the JIRCAS Third Medium-term Plan, which will be completed in FY 2015, the seminar, titled “The agricultural technology innovation in Thailand through JIRCAS-DOA joint researches”, was held on March 6, 2015, in DOA. During the seminar, the recent collaborative research results, such as the development of new sugarcane varieties suitable for Northeast Thailand and the impact of low night temperature on the fertilization of Dorian were introduced. The participants also discussed the direction of future cooperation and exchanged their opinions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Seminar participants\u0022 height=\u0022293\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/03/DOA-seminar.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022390\u0022 /\u003E Seminar participants\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThailand is one of the most important partners of JIRCAS research collaboration in Southeast Asia. Since 1970, when Tropic Agricultural Research Center (TARC) was established (the predecessor of JIRCAS), many collaborative projects with Department of Agriculture (DOA), Thai Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives have been conducted. In 1989, TARC Bangkok Office was opened in Soil Research Group of DOA, and it is currently operating as JIRCAS Southeast Asia Liaison Office. In order to summarize the outcomes of the collaborative research projects under the JIRCAS Third Medium-term Plan, which will be completed in FY 2015, the seminar, titled “The agricultural technology innovation in Thailand through JIRCAS-DOA joint researches”, was held on March 6, 2015, in DOA. During the seminar, the recent collaborative research results, such as the development of new sugarcane varieties suitable for Northeast Thailand and the impact of low night temperature on the fertilization of Dorian were introduced. The participants also discussed the direction of future cooperation and exchanged their opinions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Seminar participants\u0022 height=\u0022293\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/03/DOA-seminar.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022390\u0022 /\u003E Seminar participants\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/doa-seminar#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイ農業局（DOA）でセミナーを開催", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "DOA Seminar", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eタイは東南アジアにおけるJIRCASの重要な共同研究相手国の一つです。なかでもタイ農業局（DOA）とは、JIRCASが熱帯農業研究センター（TARC）として1970年に創設されて以来、多数の共同研究を実施してきました。1989年には、DOA土壌研究部の中に、TARCバンコク事務所が開設され、JIRCAS東南アジア連絡拠点として現在に至っています。 この度、現在のJIRCAS中期計画が最終年度を迎えるにあたり、これまでのJIRCASとDOAの共同研究成果の紹介を行うことを目的としたセミナー「JIRCAS-DOA共同研究を通じたタイにおける農業技術革新」を3月6日にDOAで開催しました。 セミナーでは、タイ東北部に適したサトウキビ新品種の開発、開花期の低夜温がドリアンの結実に与える影響など、最近の共同研究成果を紹介するとともに、今後の共同研究の展開方向について、研究者間の意見交換を行いました。 \u003Cimg alt=\u0022セミナー参加者\u0022 height=\u0022293\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/03/DOA-seminar.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022390\u0022 /\u003E セミナー参加者\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThailand is one of the most important partners of JIRCAS research collaboration in Southeast Asia. Since 1970, when Tropic Agricultural Research Center (TARC) was established (the predecessor of JIRCAS), many collaborative projects with Department of Agriculture (DOA), Thai Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives have been conducted. In 1989, TARC Bangkok Office was opened in Soil Research Group of DOA, and it is currently operating as JIRCAS Southeast Asia Liaison Office. In order to summarize the outcomes of the collaborative research projects under the JIRCAS Third Medium-term Plan, which will be completed in FY 2015, the seminar, titled “The agricultural technology innovation in Thailand through JIRCAS-DOA joint researches”, was held on March 6, 2015, in DOA. During the seminar, the recent collaborative research results, such as the development of new sugarcane varieties suitable for Northeast Thailand and the impact of low night temperature on the fertilization of Dorian were introduced. The participants also discussed the direction of future cooperation and exchanged their opinions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Seminar participants\u0022 height=\u0022293\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/03/DOA-seminar.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022390\u0022 /\u003E Seminar participants\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/unescap-capsa-11#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "11th Governing Council of UNESCAP CAPSA", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "11th Governing Council of UNESCAP CAPSA", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/indonesia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Indonesia", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "インドネシア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Indonesia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe UNESCAP CAPSA (Centre for Alleviation of Poverty through Sustainable Agriculture) was firstly set up as CGPRT Center in 1981 in Bogor, Indonesia to conduct research and development related to coarse grains, pulses, roots and tuber crops. After the restructuring in 2004 and 2010, it has refocused its mission to play the role of “Knowledge Center”, such as regional information collection, analysis, extension and policy recommendations to alleviate poverty through sustainable agriculture. Every year, CAPSA organizes the Governing Council (GC) to review its activities and financial status of previous year and discuss its work plan for the next year. The 11th session of the Governing Council of the UNESCAP CAPSA was held on Feb 12-13, 2015 in Bogor, Indonesia. About 30 representatives from the CAPSA GC member countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Fiji, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand), other CAPSA member countries (India, Japan) and several international organizations (FAO, APAARI and others) attended the session. At the meeting, the CAPSA director and researchers reported the activities and financial status of 2014 year, and proposed the 2015 work plan, which were approved by the GC member countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.uncapsa.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022CAPSA\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E for more information about the CAPSA.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u002211th Governing Council of CAPSA\u0022 height=\u0022320\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/03/UNESCAP-CAPSA-11.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022426\u0022 /\u003E 11th Governing Council of CAPSA\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe UNESCAP CAPSA (Centre for Alleviation of Poverty through Sustainable Agriculture) was firstly set up as CGPRT Center in 1981 in Bogor, Indonesia to conduct research and development related to coarse grains, pulses, roots and tuber crops. After the restructuring in 2004 and 2010, it has refocused its mission to play the role of “Knowledge Center”, such as regional information collection, analysis, extension and policy recommendations to alleviate poverty through sustainable agriculture. Every year, CAPSA organizes the Governing Council (GC) to review its activities and financial status of previous year and discuss its work plan for the next year. The 11th session of the Governing Council of the UNESCAP CAPSA was held on Feb 12-13, 2015 in Bogor, Indonesia. About 30 representatives from the CAPSA GC member countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Fiji, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand), other CAPSA member countries (India, Japan) and several international organizations (FAO, APAARI and others) attended the session. At the meeting, the CAPSA director and researchers reported the activities and financial status of 2014 year, and proposed the 2015 work plan, which were approved by the GC member countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.uncapsa.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022CAPSA\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E for more information about the CAPSA.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u002211th Governing Council of CAPSA\u0022 height=\u0022320\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/03/UNESCAP-CAPSA-11.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022426\u0022 /\u003E 11th Governing Council of CAPSA\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/unescap-capsa-11#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "UNESCAP CAPSA第11回管理評議会への参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "11th Governing Council of UNESCAP CAPSA", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/indonesia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Indonesia", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "インドネシア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Indonesia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EUNESCAP CAPSA (Centre for Alleviation of Poverty through Sustainable Agriculture)は、1981年に雑穀、豆類、根茎作物に関する研究・研修等を行うCGPRTセンターとしてインドネシア国ボゴール市に設立されました。その後、2004年と2010年の組織再編を経て、現在は持続的農業を通じた貧困解消を実現するための技術情報収集、分析、普及、政策提言等を行う「Knowledge Center」として活動しています。 CAPSAは毎年１回、前年度の活動概要の報告と新年度の事業計画等を議論することを目的として、CAPSAの理事国をメンバーとする管理評議会（GC: Governing Council）を開催しています。2015年2月12〜13日にインドネシア国ボゴール市で第11回会合が開催され、JIRCASもこれに参加しました。 会議には、CAPSA理事国（アフガニスタン、バングラデシュ、フィジー、インドネシア、マレーシア、モンゴル、パキスタン、パプアニューギニア、フィリピン、スリランカ、タイ）、関係国（インド、日本）、国際機関（FAO、APAARI他）から計約30名が参加しました。会議では、CAPSA所長及び同センター研究員から、2014年の活動実績、財務状況、2015年のワークプラン等が報告、提案され、メンバー国によって承認されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECAPSAについては\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.uncapsa.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022capsa\u0022\u003Eリンク\u003C/a\u003E先をご覧ください。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022UNESCAP CAPSA第11回管理評議会\u0022 height=\u0022300\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/03/UNESCAP-CAPSA-11.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022400\u0022 /\u003E UNESCAP CAPSA第11回管理評議会\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe UNESCAP CAPSA (Centre for Alleviation of Poverty through Sustainable Agriculture) was firstly set up as CGPRT Center in 1981 in Bogor, Indonesia to conduct research and development related to coarse grains, pulses, roots and tuber crops. After the restructuring in 2004 and 2010, it has refocused its mission to play the role of “Knowledge Center”, such as regional information collection, analysis, extension and policy recommendations to alleviate poverty through sustainable agriculture. Every year, CAPSA organizes the Governing Council (GC) to review its activities and financial status of previous year and discuss its work plan for the next year. The 11th session of the Governing Council of the UNESCAP CAPSA was held on Feb 12-13, 2015 in Bogor, Indonesia. About 30 representatives from the CAPSA GC member countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Fiji, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand), other CAPSA member countries (India, Japan) and several international organizations (FAO, APAARI and others) attended the session. At the meeting, the CAPSA director and researchers reported the activities and financial status of 2014 year, and proposed the 2015 work plan, which were approved by the GC member countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.uncapsa.org/\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022CAPSA\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E for more information about the CAPSA.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u002211th Governing Council of CAPSA\u0022 height=\u0022320\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/03/UNESCAP-CAPSA-11.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022426\u0022 /\u003E 11th Governing Council of CAPSA\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/7th-wwf#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "The 7th World Water Forum in Korea", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 7th World Water Forum in Korea", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/republic_of_korea#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/South_Korea", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "韓国", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Republic of Korea", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIt was said that “the 21st century is water century”. Due to the rapidly growth of wold population, the demand for water is continously increasing. With the intensive shortage in water resources, the conflicts over the water resources are expected to occur more frequently across the world. Such water issues are matters that not only arid regions and developing countries should face, but also international community should recognize and therefore take action to tackle. Operating by the World Water Council (WWC), which is an international multi-stakeholder platform, the World Water Forum is held every three years and now has become the largest-scale international conference to copy with water issues in the world. On April 12-17, 2015, the 7th World Water Forum was held in Daegu \u0026amp; Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea. During the forum, various water-related issues were discussed, and policies for road maps were established. JIRCAS Africa Liasion involved the session on the theme “Water for development and prosperity - water for food” and discussion with regard to “Water-related issues in African region”, and collected the recent water-related information. In Daegu’s Expo \u0026amp; Fair, JIRCAS settled up a booth in Japan pavilion, and JIRCAS Africa Liaison introduced its research project on “Efficient use of cyclic water resources in Niger”. By slideshow and brochures, JIRCAS Africa Liaison exhibited its contribution to the African water resources. Moreover, several oral presentations were presented during the forum. The six-day forum gathered over 25,000 participants, which included heads of state, high-ranking international orgnization officials, local authorities, private sectors and experts, etc., from about 160 countries and regions. Because this forum was held in Southeast Asia, although few participants came from Africa, a lot of South Korea people and students visited the Expo \u0026amp; Fair. Their great enthusiasm for exhibition has impressed and motivated us to collect and to disseminate the useful information of agricultural research in Africa. The 8th World Water Forum will be hosted by in Brasilia, Brazil in 2018.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022High-level panel on water in post-2015 development agenda\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E High-level panel on water in post-2015 development agenda\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Site event on water smart agriculture sourcebook and initiative\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Site event on water smart agriculture sourcebook and initiative\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS’ booth in Expo \u0026amp; Fair\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS’ booth in Expo \u0026amp; Fair\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation of JIRCAS researcher in WWC pavilion\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Presentation of JIRCAS researcher in WWC pavilion\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIt was said that “the 21st century is water century”. Due to the rapidly growth of wold population, the demand for water is continously increasing. With the intensive shortage in water resources, the conflicts over the water resources are expected to occur more frequently across the world. Such water issues are matters that not only arid regions and developing countries should face, but also international community should recognize and therefore take action to tackle. Operating by the World Water Council (WWC), which is an international multi-stakeholder platform, the World Water Forum is held every three years and now has become the largest-scale international conference to copy with water issues in the world. On April 12-17, 2015, the 7th World Water Forum was held in Daegu \u0026amp; Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea. During the forum, various water-related issues were discussed, and policies for road maps were established. JIRCAS Africa Liasion involved the session on the theme “Water for development and prosperity - water for food” and discussion with regard to “Water-related issues in African region”, and collected the recent water-related information. In Daegu’s Expo \u0026amp; Fair, JIRCAS settled up a booth in Japan pavilion, and JIRCAS Africa Liaison introduced its research project on “Efficient use of cyclic water resources in Niger”. By slideshow and brochures, JIRCAS Africa Liaison exhibited its contribution to the African water resources. Moreover, several oral presentations were presented during the forum. The six-day forum gathered over 25,000 participants, which included heads of state, high-ranking international orgnization officials, local authorities, private sectors and experts, etc., from about 160 countries and regions. Because this forum was held in Southeast Asia, although few participants came from Africa, a lot of South Korea people and students visited the Expo \u0026amp; Fair. Their great enthusiasm for exhibition has impressed and motivated us to collect and to disseminate the useful information of agricultural research in Africa. The 8th World Water Forum will be hosted by in Brasilia, Brazil in 2018.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022High-level panel on water in post-2015 development agenda\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E High-level panel on water in post-2015 development agenda\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Site event on water smart agriculture sourcebook and initiative\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Site event on water smart agriculture sourcebook and initiative\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS’ booth in Expo \u0026amp; Fair\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS’ booth in Expo \u0026amp; Fair\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation of JIRCAS researcher in WWC pavilion\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Presentation of JIRCAS researcher in WWC pavilion\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_23#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "大韓民国で開催された第7回世界水フォーラムに参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 7th World Water Forum in Korea", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/republic_of_korea#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/South_Korea", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "韓国", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Republic of Korea", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E「21世紀は水の世紀」と言われています。21世紀には、世界の人口が急激に増加し、これに伴い水不足が深刻化し、水資源の獲得をめぐる争いが世界各地で頻発するとの予測から生じた言葉です。国際社会では、このような状況に基づき水問題が乾燥地域や開発途上国だけの問題ではなく、その解決に向けて国際的な取り組みが必要だという認識が広がっています。世界水フォーラムは、3年に一度、民間のシンクタンクである世界水会議によって運営される世界最大級の水問題を扱う国際会議で、第7回は2015年4月12日から17日の6日間にわたり大韓民国慶州および大邱にて開催されました。本フォーラムでは、水に関わるさまざまな分野において、国際社会が今後取り組むべき方向性を検討、形成されました。 JIRCASアフリカ連絡拠点では、「発展と繁栄のための水−食料のための水」を議題としたセッションおよびアフリカ地域の水問題を対象としたセッションを中心に参加し、最新の水に関する有用な情報を収集しました。また、水のエキスポでは、日本パビリオン内に設置したJIRCASブースで「ニジェール国での循環型水資源の有効活用」に関し、スライドと配布資料によってアフリカでの水資源に関わる取り組み事例として広報すると共に、世界水会議が主催したサイドイベントにおいて口頭発表しました。 今回のフォーラムには各国首脳、国際機関、地方自治体、民間企業および専門家など約160の国と地域から2万5000人強の参加があり、6日間の会期を終えました。東南アジアでの開催であったせいか、アフリカ大陸からの参加者が少なく残念でした。他方で、エキスポには多くの韓国の一般の方や学生らが来場し、展示内容について熱心に質問する姿から強い向上心を感じ、彼らの学習意欲を見倣いアフリカ連絡拠点での情報収集・提供業務に邁進しようと決心しました。 なお、次回の第8回世界水フォーラムは、2018年にブラジルの首都ブラジリアで開催されるとのことです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u00222015年以降の水開発アジェンダに関するハイレベルパネル\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 2015年以降の水開発アジェンダに関するハイレベルパネル\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022水スマート農業の情報資料集とイニシアティブに関するサイドイベント\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 水スマート農業の情報資料集とイニシアティブに関するサイドイベント\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCASブースでの広報活動\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCASブースでの広報活動\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022WWCパビリオンでの成果発表\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E WWCパビリオンでの成果発表\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIt was said that “the 21st century is water century”. Due to the rapidly growth of wold population, the demand for water is continously increasing. With the intensive shortage in water resources, the conflicts over the water resources are expected to occur more frequently across the world. Such water issues are matters that not only arid regions and developing countries should face, but also international community should recognize and therefore take action to tackle. Operating by the World Water Council (WWC), which is an international multi-stakeholder platform, the World Water Forum is held every three years and now has become the largest-scale international conference to copy with water issues in the world. On April 12-17, 2015, the 7th World Water Forum was held in Daegu \u0026amp; Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea. During the forum, various water-related issues were discussed, and policies for road maps were established. JIRCAS Africa Liasion involved the session on the theme “Water for development and prosperity - water for food” and discussion with regard to “Water-related issues in African region”, and collected the recent water-related information. In Daegu’s Expo \u0026amp; Fair, JIRCAS settled up a booth in Japan pavilion, and JIRCAS Africa Liaison introduced its research project on “Efficient use of cyclic water resources in Niger”. By slideshow and brochures, JIRCAS Africa Liaison exhibited its contribution to the African water resources. Moreover, several oral presentations were presented during the forum. The six-day forum gathered over 25,000 participants, which included heads of state, high-ranking international orgnization officials, local authorities, private sectors and experts, etc., from about 160 countries and regions. Because this forum was held in Southeast Asia, although few participants came from Africa, a lot of South Korea people and students visited the Expo \u0026amp; Fair. Their great enthusiasm for exhibition has impressed and motivated us to collect and to disseminate the useful information of agricultural research in Africa. The 8th World Water Forum will be hosted by in Brasilia, Brazil in 2018.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022High-level panel on water in post-2015 development agenda\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E High-level panel on water in post-2015 development agenda\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Site event on water smart agriculture sourcebook and initiative\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Site event on water smart agriculture sourcebook and initiative\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022JIRCAS’ booth in Expo \u0026amp; Fair\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E JIRCAS’ booth in Expo \u0026amp; Fair\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Presentation of JIRCAS researcher in WWC pavilion\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/04/7th-wwf-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Presentation of JIRCAS researcher in WWC pavilion\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/bur-visit#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Field Investigation in Burkina Faso", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Field Investigation in Burkina Faso", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/burkina_faso#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Burkina_Faso", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ブルキナファソ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Burkina Faso", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EBurkina Faso in local language means the land of the upright and honest people, and both English and France call its residents as Burkinabe. As an interior country in West Africa, Burkina Faso is one of the poorest countries in the world. About 80 percent of population mainly engages in agro-pastoral, the country\u0027s primary industry. Therefore, as a driver of economic growth, the agricultural promotion has become the priority policy of the country. In September 2014, JIRCAS hosted a symposium “Research for Agricultural Development in Burkina Faso with Japan”, which gathered many agricultural researchers acting in Burkina Faso. During this symposium, JIRCAS and Institut National de l’Environnement et de la Recherche Agricole (INERA) have signed a memorandum of understanding to aim at further research cooperation. On the other hand, JIRCAS will start new five-year research projects from April 2016. In order to collect information for these projects, an investigation on implementing experiment site was performed. Through the dedicated explanation from the researchers who are active in Burkina Faso, courtesy call on the relevant organizations and investigation of location conditions, it is understood that soil deterioration is one of the factors that inhibits the improvement of country’s agricultural productivity. Hence, sustainable and intensive management of water and soil resources is re-recognized as an effective way. If we start from the existing research results, deepen them and develop comprehensive measures for soil erosion prevention in basin level across multiple divisions, it will be considered to greatly contribute to JIRCAS mission on world food problems and environmental issues while helping the agricultural development of Burkina Faso. The experience of this field investigation provided an active support to make our research in Burkina Faso to be able to become one of new projects. The time of our activities in the “land of the upright and honest people” at the beginning of rainy season was short, but we still obtained many opportunities to communicate with Burkinabe about weeding, burning, plowing and seeding. For those Burkinabe that we met, although we could not understand their language, their hard work and hospitality are unforgettable, and they are all kind of people.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS Africa Liaison Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Experiment site of soil erosion\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Experiment site of soil erosion\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022INERA Saria Station\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E INERA Saria Station\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Gully divides farmland\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Gully divides farmland\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Burkinabe in farm work\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Burkinabe in farm work\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EBurkina Faso in local language means the land of the upright and honest people, and both English and France call its residents as Burkinabe. As an interior country in West Africa, Burkina Faso is one of the poorest countries in the world. About 80 percent of population mainly engages in agro-pastoral, the country\u0027s primary industry. Therefore, as a driver of economic growth, the agricultural promotion has become the priority policy of the country. In September 2014, JIRCAS hosted a symposium “Research for Agricultural Development in Burkina Faso with Japan”, which gathered many agricultural researchers acting in Burkina Faso. During this symposium, JIRCAS and Institut National de l’Environnement et de la Recherche Agricole (INERA) have signed a memorandum of understanding to aim at further research cooperation. On the other hand, JIRCAS will start new five-year research projects from April 2016. In order to collect information for these projects, an investigation on implementing experiment site was performed. Through the dedicated explanation from the researchers who are active in Burkina Faso, courtesy call on the relevant organizations and investigation of location conditions, it is understood that soil deterioration is one of the factors that inhibits the improvement of country’s agricultural productivity. Hence, sustainable and intensive management of water and soil resources is re-recognized as an effective way. If we start from the existing research results, deepen them and develop comprehensive measures for soil erosion prevention in basin level across multiple divisions, it will be considered to greatly contribute to JIRCAS mission on world food problems and environmental issues while helping the agricultural development of Burkina Faso. The experience of this field investigation provided an active support to make our research in Burkina Faso to be able to become one of new projects. The time of our activities in the “land of the upright and honest people” at the beginning of rainy season was short, but we still obtained many opportunities to communicate with Burkinabe about weeding, burning, plowing and seeding. For those Burkinabe that we met, although we could not understand their language, their hard work and hospitality are unforgettable, and they are all kind of people.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS Africa Liaison Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Experiment site of soil erosion\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Experiment site of soil erosion\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022INERA Saria Station\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E INERA Saria Station\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Gully divides farmland\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Gully divides farmland\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Burkinabe in farm work\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Burkinabe in farm work\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_24#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "ブルキナファソ国現地視察", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Field Investigation in Burkina Faso", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/burkina_faso#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Burkina_Faso", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ブルキナファソ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Burkina Faso", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E「ブルキナファソ」は現地語で「高潔な人々の国」という意味です。また、英語仏語共にブルキナファソ人のことをブルキナベと言います。ブルキナファソ国は西アフリカに位置する最貧国の一つで、人口の約８割が農牧業を主とする第一次産業に従事しており、経済成長のけん引役としての農業振興が当国の重点分野となっています。 昨年９月には、当国で活動している研究者が一堂に集まり、「ブルキナファソにおける持続的農業開発のための国際共同研究」と題したシンポジウムをJIRCASが主催しました。このシンポジウムを受けて、JIRCASと当国環境農業研究所（INERA）の間では、さらなる研究協力を目指した覚書を結びました。JIRCASでは、2016年4月からの5か年間を対象として新たな研究が開始されます。ここで実施される研究プロジェクトの検討に資する情報を収集・提供するため、現在実施中の研究課題の試験サイトを中心に現地を視察しました。 視察を通じて、ブルキナファソ国で継続活動をしている研究者からの熱心な説明、関係機関への表敬訪問および現地の状況から、農業の生産性の向上を阻害している原因の一つとして土壌の劣化が挙げられること、当国の農業生産の向上にあたっては、流域レベルでの水土資源の管理と持続的集約化を図ることが有効であること、を再認識しました。現行の研究課題から得られた成果を核として、これを深化させ、多分野にわたる土壌侵食防止対策を流域レベルで総合的に取り組むことは、当国における農業振興の一助となると共に、JIRCASの使命である世界の食料問題、環境問題に大きく貢献することになると考えられます。今回の現地視察を通じて、ブルキナファソ国での研究課題は、新しい研究課題として実施できるよう積極的に後押ししたい案件の一つとなりました。 「高潔な人々の国」での活動は短い期間でしたが、雨期始めの訪問であったため、農地では除草、火入れ、牛耕、播種といった農作業を行う多くのブルキナベと交流する機会がありました。出会ったブルキナベは皆、勤勉で、視察に来た言葉の分からない外国人に対してもおもてなしを忘れない心の優しい人ばかりでした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022土壌侵食試験区\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/07/52bba400e8e0ea0f7f19ef07b7b5db02.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 土壌侵食試験区\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022INERAのサリア支所\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/07/INERA-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E INERAのサリア支所\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022農地を分断するガリ\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/07/2e833e92fef5cbb2c35e970514ce723e.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 農地を分断するガリ\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022農作業をするブルキナベ\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/07/INERA-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E 農作業をするブルキナベ\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EBurkina Faso in local language means the land of the upright and honest people, and both English and France call its residents as Burkinabe. As an interior country in West Africa, Burkina Faso is one of the poorest countries in the world. About 80 percent of population mainly engages in agro-pastoral, the country\u0027s primary industry. Therefore, as a driver of economic growth, the agricultural promotion has become the priority policy of the country. In September 2014, JIRCAS hosted a symposium “Research for Agricultural Development in Burkina Faso with Japan”, which gathered many agricultural researchers acting in Burkina Faso. During this symposium, JIRCAS and Institut National de l’Environnement et de la Recherche Agricole (INERA) have signed a memorandum of understanding to aim at further research cooperation. On the other hand, JIRCAS will start new five-year research projects from April 2016. In order to collect information for these projects, an investigation on implementing experiment site was performed. Through the dedicated explanation from the researchers who are active in Burkina Faso, courtesy call on the relevant organizations and investigation of location conditions, it is understood that soil deterioration is one of the factors that inhibits the improvement of country’s agricultural productivity. Hence, sustainable and intensive management of water and soil resources is re-recognized as an effective way. If we start from the existing research results, deepen them and develop comprehensive measures for soil erosion prevention in basin level across multiple divisions, it will be considered to greatly contribute to JIRCAS mission on world food problems and environmental issues while helping the agricultural development of Burkina Faso. The experience of this field investigation provided an active support to make our research in Burkina Faso to be able to become one of new projects. The time of our activities in the “land of the upright and honest people” at the beginning of rainy season was short, but we still obtained many opportunities to communicate with Burkinabe about weeding, burning, plowing and seeding. For those Burkinabe that we met, although we could not understand their language, their hard work and hospitality are unforgettable, and they are all kind of people.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS Africa Liaison Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv\u003E\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Experiment site of soil erosion\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-2.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Experiment site of soil erosion\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022INERA Saria Station\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-1.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E INERA Saria Station\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Gully divides farmland\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-3.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Gully divides farmland\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Burkinabe in farm work\u0022 height=\u0022240\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/08/INERA-4.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022320\u0022 /\u003E Burkinabe in farm work\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/isc2015#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "International Soil Conference, ISC2015", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Soil Conference, ISC2015", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ESatoshi Tobida (Director, Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, JIRCAS)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo celebrate the International Year of Soils 2015, the Land Development Department (LDD), Thailand hosted the International Soil Conference, ISC2015 in the Regent Cha Am Beach Resort, Phetchaburi, Thailand on August 18~21, 2015. The conference was co-organized by IUSS, FAO, Asian Development Bank (ADB), Institut de Recherche pour le D?veloppement (IRD), Soil and Water Conservation Society of Thailand, Soil and Fertilizer Society of Thailand, as well as Kasetsart University. According to the organizer, total of 450 participants from 27 countries attended the conference.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ISC2015 Session\u0022 height=\u0022347\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/09/ISC2015.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022463\u0022 /\u003E ISC2015 Session\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWith the main theme “Sustainable Uses of Soil in Harmony with Food Security”, total 113 oral and poster presentations including 4 keynote speeches were given. The conference was divided into 5 sessions with respective themes as below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESoil Information for Supporting Sustainable Uses and Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EIntegrated Soil Management and Conservation for Food Security\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ERole of Soil Ecology in Relation to Climate Change and Food Security\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EInnovative Techniques and Tools for Soil Resources Inventories and Appropriate Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EPublic Participation, Networking and Policy Implementation on Land Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe outline of the presentations which attracted me is introduced as follow.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EProfessor Christian Walter, INRA, France gave his keynote speech, “Soil information to support food security and ecosystem services”. In this speech, he introduced a trial by an international network of researchers in which metadata is integrated into the Digital Soil Mapping system. The trail system has being operated in Australia and France. Although the system currently provides only physical information of soil, it has been planned to add information on chemical properties (including soil fertility) and soil organisms in future. In France, for example, the gradual increase of phosphorus in soil has been reported due to the influence of animal husbandry.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EMr. Chencho Norbu, Director General, Department of Forest and Park Services, Bhutan presented his speech titled “A review of soil and land management interventions including policies and public participations: Lessons from the ground”. While talking about the relationship between international agricultural development organizations and farmers, Mr. Norbu said that Bhutan faces the common issue with Africa because both regions are currently increasing chemical fertilizer use in their agricultural productions.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EDr. Lingling Shi, Kunming Institution of Botany, China reported the results of the cooperative research with International Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) in her presentation titled “Plant-Fungi-Soil interaction in a long-term plant manipulation experiment”. The study tracked the change of carbon input and soil fungi community in forest soil, which relates to carbon storage in soil.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe poster presentation titled “Potential of Jatropha\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E cultivation on local food securities in Xiengnuen District, Lao PDR: A promotion to energize crop policy” by Dr. Khambai Phunthavongsa and his colleagues, Khon Kaen University reported the current situation of Jatropha\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E development in Lao PDR. Jatropha was introduced in the study area as an energy crop and expected to play an important role in rural poverty alleviation. However, the expected benefit has not been obtained by farmers due to the lower price of Jatropha than expected, while the production of Jatropha have being threatening food crop production due to the conflict of farm land by both crops.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the Panel Discussion, Professor Rattan Lal, Ohio State University, USA, listed 10 factors that affect sustainable soil management: Causes of soil degradation, Soil stewardship \u0026amp; human suffering, Nutrient, carbon \u0026amp; water bank, Marginality principle, Organic vs. inorganic nutrient, Soil carbon \u0026amp; GHG effect, Soil vs germplasm, Soil as sink for atmospheric CO2, Engine of economic development, and Traditional knowledge and modern innovations. In addition, in his explanation about the soil carbon and ecosystem services, Professor Lal showed a pyramidal conceptual diagram with soil carbon pool on the bottom and other four issues on the other sides: 1. Food Security, 2. Climate change, 3. Land/soil restoration, 4. Biodiversity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPanelist, Professor Mitsuru Osaki, Hokkaido University, Japan, focused on the earth system sustainability. He reviewed the change from low vulnerability and moderate resilience (low V and moderate R) in the 19th century to low resilience and high vulnerability (low R and high V) in the 20th century. He pointed out that the modern agricultural sciences accelerate this tendency while conservation sciences try to mitigate such tendency. He said that understanding climate change and mitigation and adaptation is an important topic to realize low vulnerability and high resilience, which would be indispensable in the 21st century.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDr. Naruo Matsumoto, Representative of JIRCAS Southeast Asia Liaison Office made a poster presentation titled “JIRCAS achievements in soil fertility management and sustainable crop production in Southeast Asia” in theme 2. The poster summarized the soil fertility researches of JIRCAS which have been carried out in Southeast Asia. I also introduced two JIRCAS researches in my presentation titled “Achievements of JIRCAS research projects for sustainable land management and soil fertility enhancement in Africa”, namely, the sandy soil improvement study in Sahel = Niger and paddy fertility improvement study in Ghana (committed by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan) in theme 5. The presentation emphasized that the key to success in technology development projects in Africa is not only the effectiveness of the technologies themselves, but how farmers, extension organizations, and governments can be involved into the project. This presentation won the best presentation award in theme 5. The full paper of the report will be published in the conference proceedings.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1) Jatropha, which is investigated in this study, is described as stone jatropha (genus name is unclear, but specific epithet is montana) in the poster. It is not Jatropha curcus, and might be Baliospermum montanum which has been once classified into Jatropha genus.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ESatoshi Tobida (Director, Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, JIRCAS)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo celebrate the International Year of Soils 2015, the Land Development Department (LDD), Thailand hosted the International Soil Conference, ISC2015 in the Regent Cha Am Beach Resort, Phetchaburi, Thailand on August 18~21, 2015. The conference was co-organized by IUSS, FAO, Asian Development Bank (ADB), Institut de Recherche pour le D?veloppement (IRD), Soil and Water Conservation Society of Thailand, Soil and Fertilizer Society of Thailand, as well as Kasetsart University. According to the organizer, total of 450 participants from 27 countries attended the conference.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ISC2015 Session\u0022 height=\u0022347\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/09/ISC2015.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022463\u0022 /\u003E ISC2015 Session\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWith the main theme “Sustainable Uses of Soil in Harmony with Food Security”, total 113 oral and poster presentations including 4 keynote speeches were given. The conference was divided into 5 sessions with respective themes as below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESoil Information for Supporting Sustainable Uses and Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EIntegrated Soil Management and Conservation for Food Security\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ERole of Soil Ecology in Relation to Climate Change and Food Security\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EInnovative Techniques and Tools for Soil Resources Inventories and Appropriate Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EPublic Participation, Networking and Policy Implementation on Land Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe outline of the presentations which attracted me is introduced as follow.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EProfessor Christian Walter, INRA, France gave his keynote speech, “Soil information to support food security and ecosystem services”. In this speech, he introduced a trial by an international network of researchers in which metadata is integrated into the Digital Soil Mapping system. The trail system has being operated in Australia and France. Although the system currently provides only physical information of soil, it has been planned to add information on chemical properties (including soil fertility) and soil organisms in future. In France, for example, the gradual increase of phosphorus in soil has been reported due to the influence of animal husbandry.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EMr. Chencho Norbu, Director General, Department of Forest and Park Services, Bhutan presented his speech titled “A review of soil and land management interventions including policies and public participations: Lessons from the ground”. While talking about the relationship between international agricultural development organizations and farmers, Mr. Norbu said that Bhutan faces the common issue with Africa because both regions are currently increasing chemical fertilizer use in their agricultural productions.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EDr. Lingling Shi, Kunming Institution of Botany, China reported the results of the cooperative research with International Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) in her presentation titled “Plant-Fungi-Soil interaction in a long-term plant manipulation experiment”. The study tracked the change of carbon input and soil fungi community in forest soil, which relates to carbon storage in soil.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe poster presentation titled “Potential of Jatropha\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E cultivation on local food securities in Xiengnuen District, Lao PDR: A promotion to energize crop policy” by Dr. Khambai Phunthavongsa and his colleagues, Khon Kaen University reported the current situation of Jatropha\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E development in Lao PDR. Jatropha was introduced in the study area as an energy crop and expected to play an important role in rural poverty alleviation. However, the expected benefit has not been obtained by farmers due to the lower price of Jatropha than expected, while the production of Jatropha have being threatening food crop production due to the conflict of farm land by both crops.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the Panel Discussion, Professor Rattan Lal, Ohio State University, USA, listed 10 factors that affect sustainable soil management: Causes of soil degradation, Soil stewardship \u0026amp; human suffering, Nutrient, carbon \u0026amp; water bank, Marginality principle, Organic vs. inorganic nutrient, Soil carbon \u0026amp; GHG effect, Soil vs germplasm, Soil as sink for atmospheric CO2, Engine of economic development, and Traditional knowledge and modern innovations. In addition, in his explanation about the soil carbon and ecosystem services, Professor Lal showed a pyramidal conceptual diagram with soil carbon pool on the bottom and other four issues on the other sides: 1. Food Security, 2. Climate change, 3. Land/soil restoration, 4. Biodiversity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPanelist, Professor Mitsuru Osaki, Hokkaido University, Japan, focused on the earth system sustainability. He reviewed the change from low vulnerability and moderate resilience (low V and moderate R) in the 19th century to low resilience and high vulnerability (low R and high V) in the 20th century. He pointed out that the modern agricultural sciences accelerate this tendency while conservation sciences try to mitigate such tendency. He said that understanding climate change and mitigation and adaptation is an important topic to realize low vulnerability and high resilience, which would be indispensable in the 21st century.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDr. Naruo Matsumoto, Representative of JIRCAS Southeast Asia Liaison Office made a poster presentation titled “JIRCAS achievements in soil fertility management and sustainable crop production in Southeast Asia” in theme 2. The poster summarized the soil fertility researches of JIRCAS which have been carried out in Southeast Asia. I also introduced two JIRCAS researches in my presentation titled “Achievements of JIRCAS research projects for sustainable land management and soil fertility enhancement in Africa”, namely, the sandy soil improvement study in Sahel = Niger and paddy fertility improvement study in Ghana (committed by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan) in theme 5. The presentation emphasized that the key to success in technology development projects in Africa is not only the effectiveness of the technologies themselves, but how farmers, extension organizations, and governments can be involved into the project. This presentation won the best presentation award in theme 5. The full paper of the report will be published in the conference proceedings.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1) Jatropha, which is investigated in this study, is described as stone jatropha (genus name is unclear, but specific epithet is montana) in the poster. It is not Jatropha curcus, and might be Baliospermum montanum which has been once classified into Jatropha genus.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20160203_25#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-02-03", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際土壌会議（ISC2015）参加報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Soil Conference, ISC2015", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E生産環境・畜産領域長　飛田　哲\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2015年が国際土壌年であることを記念し、2015年8月18日〜21日にタイ国Phetchaburi県にあるThe Regent Cha Am Beach Resortにて、国際土壌会議（International Soil Conference, ISC2015）が開催されました。主催はタイ国の土地開発局（Land Development Department: LDD）、共催はIUSS、FAO、アジア開発銀行（ADB）、フランスの研究機関であるIRD、タイ国土壌肥料学会、同土壌・水管理学会、ならびにタイ国のカセサート大学です。主催者発表で、27カ国から450人が参加しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ISC2015開会セッションの模様\u0022 height=\u0022220\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/09/ISC2015.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022290\u0022 /\u003E ISC2015開会セッションの模様\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本会議のメインテーマは”Sustainable Uses of Soil in Harmony with Food Security”です。4つの基調講演を含む全113の発表が行われ、基調講演を除く発表は、下記の5つのセッションに分けて行われました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESoil Information for Supporting Sustainable Uses and Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EIntegrated Soil Management and Conservation for Food Security\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ERole of Soil Ecology in Relation to Climate Change and Food Security\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EInnovative Techniques and Tools for Soil Resources Inventories and Appropriate Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EPublic Participation, Networking and Policy Implementation on Land Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E以下に、特に興味深く感じた発表の概要を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESoil information to support food security and ecosystem services：フランス国立農学研究所（INRA）のChristian Walter氏の基調講演です。土壌のエコシステム対するサービス機能を整理し、それを管理するための土壌情報システムとして、国際的なネットワークによるDigital Soil Mappingにメタ情報を落とす試みが紹介されました。本システムは、オーストラリア大陸と本国フランスで試作されています。現在は、物理情報中心ですが、今後は化学性（肥沃度含む）や土壌生物の情報も入れる予定です。フランスの例では、畜産の影響で、土壌中のリンがだんだん増えていることが報告されました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EA review of soil and land management interventions including policies and public participations: Lessons from the ground：ブータンの政策立案に関わるChencho Norbu氏の講演です。農業開発に係る国際機関と農家との関わり合いについてのお話で、同国は、これから化学肥料を導入していこうという段階であり、アフリカにも共通する課題を抱えている、という印象を受けました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EPlant-Fungi-Soil interaction in a long-term plant manipulation experiment：中国雲南省の昆明植物研究所のShi Lingling氏の発表です。同氏は、ICRAF（国際アグロフォレストリーセンター）と協力して、森林土壌への炭素投入と土壌真菌のコミュニティー変化を追跡しており、これは炭素貯蔵にもつながる話です。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EPotential of Jatropha\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E cultivation on local food securities in Xiengnuen District, Lao PDR: A promotion to energize crop policy1)：コンケン大学のKhambai Phunthavongsa氏らによる、ラオスでのジャトロファに関するポスター報告です。エネルギー作物として農村の貧困解決に一役買うことが期待されて導入されたものの、価格が上がらずに期待された利益が得られず、その一方で農地での食用作物栽培が脅かされているという、現地の状況が報告されました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、パネルディスカッションのパネリストとして講演を行った、オハイオ州立大学のRattan Lal氏は、持続的な土壌管理のための10のファクターとして、Causes of soil degradation、Soil stewardship \u0026amp; human suffering、Nutrient, carbon \u0026amp; water bank、Marginality principle、Organic vs. inorganic nutrients、Soil carbon \u0026amp; GHG effect、Soil vs germplasm、Soil as sink for atmospheric CO2、Engine of economic development、そしてTraditional knowledge and modern innovationsを示しました。またSoil Carbon and Ecosystem Servicesの説明で、Soil carbon poolを底面としたピラミッドの絵を掲げ、残りの4面を1. Food Security, 2. Climate change, 3. Land/soil restoration, 4. Biodiversityとした概念図を示しました。 また、同じくパネリストを務めた北海道大学の大崎満教授から、Earth system sustainabilityに関して、19世紀にはvulnerability （V）は低くresilience（R）が中程度だったが、やがて20世紀になるとRは低くなりVが高くなった。近代農業科学がこうした傾向を推し進め、一方で保全科学がそれに対抗する構図であった、との報告が行われました。21世紀にはVを低くRを高くすることが必要であるが、そのためには気候変動の理解とそれに対するmitigationとadaptationが重要というお話です。 JIRCASからは、松本成夫地域コーディネーターが、Theme 2でポスター展示による発表”JIRCAS achievements in soil fertility management and sustainable crop production in Southeast Asia”を行いました。これまで東南アジアで実施してきたJIRCASのプロジェクトを、土壌肥沃度研究の観点でまとめたものです。また、報告者からは、Theme 5のセッションで、”Achievements of JIRCAS research projects for sustainable land management and soil fertility enhancement in Africa”という題で、JIRCASが実施した過去のサヘル=ニジェール国での砂質土壌改善プロジェクトと、ガーナの水田肥沃度改善プロジェクト（農水省受託）の紹介から、特にアフリカにおいて技術開発プロジェクトの成功の鍵となるのは、技術の有効性はもちろんのこと、いかに農民、普及組織、そして政府を巻き込むかが大事という結論で話をしました。なお、本報告は、Theme 5の優秀プレゼン賞に選ばれました。報告のfull paperは、今後Proceedingsに掲載される予定です。 1) 調査対象となったジャトロファは、ポスターには、stone jatropha（属名が不明だが種小名はmontana）と記載されており、Jatropha curcusではなく、かつてJatropha属に分類されていたBaliospermum montanumのことかもしれません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ESatoshi Tobida (Director, Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, JIRCAS)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo celebrate the International Year of Soils 2015, the Land Development Department (LDD), Thailand hosted the International Soil Conference, ISC2015 in the Regent Cha Am Beach Resort, Phetchaburi, Thailand on August 18~21, 2015. The conference was co-organized by IUSS, FAO, Asian Development Bank (ADB), Institut de Recherche pour le D?veloppement (IRD), Soil and Water Conservation Society of Thailand, Soil and Fertilizer Society of Thailand, as well as Kasetsart University. According to the organizer, total of 450 participants from 27 countries attended the conference.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022ISC2015 Session\u0022 height=\u0022347\u0022 src=\u0022/sites/default/files/2015/09/ISC2015.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022463\u0022 /\u003E ISC2015 Session\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWith the main theme “Sustainable Uses of Soil in Harmony with Food Security”, total 113 oral and poster presentations including 4 keynote speeches were given. The conference was divided into 5 sessions with respective themes as below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESoil Information for Supporting Sustainable Uses and Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EIntegrated Soil Management and Conservation for Food Security\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ERole of Soil Ecology in Relation to Climate Change and Food Security\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EInnovative Techniques and Tools for Soil Resources Inventories and Appropriate Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EPublic Participation, Networking and Policy Implementation on Land Management\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe outline of the presentations which attracted me is introduced as follow.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EProfessor Christian Walter, INRA, France gave his keynote speech, “Soil information to support food security and ecosystem services”. In this speech, he introduced a trial by an international network of researchers in which metadata is integrated into the Digital Soil Mapping system. The trail system has being operated in Australia and France. Although the system currently provides only physical information of soil, it has been planned to add information on chemical properties (including soil fertility) and soil organisms in future. In France, for example, the gradual increase of phosphorus in soil has been reported due to the influence of animal husbandry.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EMr. Chencho Norbu, Director General, Department of Forest and Park Services, Bhutan presented his speech titled “A review of soil and land management interventions including policies and public participations: Lessons from the ground”. While talking about the relationship between international agricultural development organizations and farmers, Mr. Norbu said that Bhutan faces the common issue with Africa because both regions are currently increasing chemical fertilizer use in their agricultural productions.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EDr. Lingling Shi, Kunming Institution of Botany, China reported the results of the cooperative research with International Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) in her presentation titled “Plant-Fungi-Soil interaction in a long-term plant manipulation experiment”. The study tracked the change of carbon input and soil fungi community in forest soil, which relates to carbon storage in soil.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe poster presentation titled “Potential of Jatropha\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E cultivation on local food securities in Xiengnuen District, Lao PDR: A promotion to energize crop policy” by Dr. Khambai Phunthavongsa and his colleagues, Khon Kaen University reported the current situation of Jatropha\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E development in Lao PDR. Jatropha was introduced in the study area as an energy crop and expected to play an important role in rural poverty alleviation. However, the expected benefit has not been obtained by farmers due to the lower price of Jatropha than expected, while the production of Jatropha have being threatening food crop production due to the conflict of farm land by both crops.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the Panel Discussion, Professor Rattan Lal, Ohio State University, USA, listed 10 factors that affect sustainable soil management: Causes of soil degradation, Soil stewardship \u0026amp; human suffering, Nutrient, carbon \u0026amp; water bank, Marginality principle, Organic vs. inorganic nutrient, Soil carbon \u0026amp; GHG effect, Soil vs germplasm, Soil as sink for atmospheric CO2, Engine of economic development, and Traditional knowledge and modern innovations. In addition, in his explanation about the soil carbon and ecosystem services, Professor Lal showed a pyramidal conceptual diagram with soil carbon pool on the bottom and other four issues on the other sides: 1. Food Security, 2. Climate change, 3. Land/soil restoration, 4. Biodiversity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPanelist, Professor Mitsuru Osaki, Hokkaido University, Japan, focused on the earth system sustainability. He reviewed the change from low vulnerability and moderate resilience (low V and moderate R) in the 19th century to low resilience and high vulnerability (low R and high V) in the 20th century. He pointed out that the modern agricultural sciences accelerate this tendency while conservation sciences try to mitigate such tendency. He said that understanding climate change and mitigation and adaptation is an important topic to realize low vulnerability and high resilience, which would be indispensable in the 21st century.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDr. Naruo Matsumoto, Representative of JIRCAS Southeast Asia Liaison Office made a poster presentation titled “JIRCAS achievements in soil fertility management and sustainable crop production in Southeast Asia” in theme 2. The poster summarized the soil fertility researches of JIRCAS which have been carried out in Southeast Asia. I also introduced two JIRCAS researches in my presentation titled “Achievements of JIRCAS research projects for sustainable land management and soil fertility enhancement in Africa”, namely, the sandy soil improvement study in Sahel = Niger and paddy fertility improvement study in Ghana (committed by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of Japan) in theme 5. The presentation emphasized that the key to success in technology development projects in Africa is not only the effectiveness of the technologies themselves, but how farmers, extension organizations, and governments can be involved into the project. This presentation won the best presentation award in theme 5. The full paper of the report will be published in the conference proceedings.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1) Jatropha, which is investigated in this study, is described as stone jatropha (genus name is unclear, but specific epithet is montana) in the poster. It is not Jatropha curcus, and might be Baliospermum montanum which has been once classified into Jatropha genus.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/wheat-initiative-1stwg#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-06-07", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "小麦イニシアティブの小麦品質と安全性に関する専門家作業グループの第１回会合参加報告", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/france#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/France", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "フランス", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "France", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003E国際的な小麦共同研究のプラットフォームである小麦イニシアティブ（International Research Initiative for Wheat Improvement、略称WI）の小麦品質と安全性に関する専門家作業グループ（Expert Working Group on improving wheat quality for processing and health）の第１回会合が、2016年4月25〜27日までフランス国パリ市にあるフランス国立農業研究所パリ本部で開催されました。参加者は日本、米国、中国、アルゼンチン、イギリス、イタリア、ウルグアイ、オーストラリア、オーストリア、オランダ、カナダ、スエーデン、スペイン、ハンガリー、フランス、南アフリカ、メキシコ、ポルトガルの１８カ国の３１名でした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003Eまず、このグループの体制として、出張者がこのグループの議長に、CIMMYTのC. Guzmanが副議長に選出され、他の発起人が執行委員として選出されました。この会合では、グループを構成する種子蛋白質、アレルギー、栄養素、炭水化物、加工、安全性、遺伝資源と命名法の７つのサブグループごとの話題提供と議論があり、以下のような点が今後の国際的な共同研究の重点課題であることが示されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli align=\u0022left\u0022 style=\u0022margin-left: 21.25pt;\u0022\u003E種子蛋白質：窒素投入を押さえながら品質を維持する種子蛋白質遺伝子型の解明、気候変動とグルテン品質の関係。グリアジンに遺伝子型のマスターセットの確立。デュラム小麦とのグルテン蛋白質遺伝子型の統一。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli align=\u0022left\u0022 style=\u0022margin-left: 21.25pt;\u0022\u003Eアレルギー：免疫反応を起こす種子蛋白質とエピトープの正確な把握。アレルギーの原因となる様々な要因（人、環境、品種、加工など）の把握。低アレルギー小麦遺伝資源のマスターセットの作成。ゲノム編集によるアレルギーフリー小麦の育成。糖不耐性も含む小麦アレルギー患者のニーズの理解。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli align=\u0022left\u0022 style=\u0022margin-left: 21.25pt;\u0022\u003E栄養素・炭水化物：食物繊維含量の遺伝的多様性と簡易検定法の開発。加工時における挙動の解析。デンプン合成関連遺伝子命名法の統一。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli align=\u0022left\u0022 style=\u0022margin-left: 21.25pt;\u0022\u003E安全性：世界各地における赤カビ病病原菌とその毒素の多様性、気候変動の影響の理解。遺伝子編集によるカビ病抵抗性の付与。他のプロジェクト（MyToolBox, Mycotool）との連携。重金属、特にカドミウム毒についての検討。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli align=\u0022left\u0022 style=\u0022margin-left: 21.25pt;\u0022\u003E加工：加工過程と栄養素、毒素の分布についての解明。加工過程におけるグルテンポリマー量の変動の解明。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli align=\u0022left\u0022 style=\u0022margin-left: 21.25pt;\u0022\u003E遺伝資源と命名法：遺伝子型カタログに用いられる標準品種のジーンバンクでの共有化、命名法の統一、様々な品質関連形質の変異をカバーするマスターセットの作成。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003E全体会合では、サブグループ間、他の専門家作業グループとの連携について話し合われ、この分野の国際的な共同研究を行うための予算や、教育訓練の機会についての情報交換を行いました。次回の会合については、来年オーストリアのウィーンで開催される第13回国際小麦遺伝学シンポジウムのサテライトとして行うことが決まりました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022right\u0022\u003E（農研機構　西日本農業研究センター　池田　達哉）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdrupal-entity alt=\u0022会場の様子\u0022 data-embed-button=\u0022file_browser\u0022 data-entity-embed-display=\u0022image:image\u0022 data-entity-embed-display-settings=\u0022{\u0026quot;image_style\u0026quot;:\u0026quot;\u0026quot;,\u0026quot;image_link\u0026quot;:\u0026quot;\u0026quot;}\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 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"https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20160121#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-01-20", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アジア・太平洋地域における開発のための農業研究投資に関するハイレベル政策対話（High Level Policy Dialogue on Investment in Agricultural Research for Sustainable Development in the Asia-Pacific Region）に参加", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Carticle id=\u0022post-5420\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cheader\u003E\r\n\u003Carticle id=\u0022post-5420\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cp\u003E表記会議は、持続性のある開発のための農業研究とイノベーションに対する長期的な投資の重要性を各国の政策立案者や意思決定者に対して喚起することを目的に、2015年12月8～9日に、タイ国バンコク市で、開催されました。アジア・太平洋地域の農業研究機関等で構成されるアジア太平洋農業研究機関協議会（APAARI）が、豪州国際農業研究センター（ACIAR）、タイ農業局（DOA）、FAOアジア・太平洋事務所（FAORAP）、農業研究に関するグローバルフォーラム（GFAR）及び国際食料政策研究所（IFPRI）と共催し、アジア・太平洋地域の各国農業研究機関（NARS）の長や行政機関のシニアレベルの政策立案者に加え、企業、NGO、国際研究機関等から、120名以上が参加しました。本会議には、JIRCASから理事長、研究戦略室の杉野研究コーディネーター、白鳥研究員及び松本地域コーディネーターが参加しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERaghunath Ghodake APAARI事務局長及びAPAARI議長であるSomchai Charnnarongkulタイ農業局（DOA）局長からの歓迎挨拶の後、Kundhavi Kadiresan FAO RAP代表の基調講演、Sakchai Sriboonsueタイ農業省副次官の来賓挨拶が行われました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E会議は以下のテーマで議論が行われました。「投資の現状と見通し（Importance, Status and Outlook for Investment in Agricultural Research and Innovation）」では、各国の研究投資の実態と研究成果が農業生産向上に寄与している解析結果が示されました。「農業研究投資の焦点（Scoping Investments in Agricultural Research and Innovation - Meeting Current and Emerging Needs and Challenges）」では、農業研究の協調の重要性、集中するべき分野について議論が行われました。「持続的農業に対する研究投資の可能性（Scoping Investments in Agricultural Research and Innovation）」は3つのセッションに別れて議論が行われ、「a. 気候変動対応（Climate Smart and Sustainable Agriculture）」では、岩永理事長が座長を務め、農業多様化の重要性、生産向上・適応・排出削減技術、政府･民間への拡大など気候変動対策として取り組むべき課題が議論されました。「b. ナレッジマネジメント（Knowledge Management for Sustainable Development）」では、土地利用情報、エビデンス、オープンアクセスの重要性が議論され、「c. キャパシティディベロップメント（Partnership, Collaboration and Networking）」では、教育の効果、普及システム、企業参加の議論が行われました。「農業研究投資のインパクト（Impact / Expectations from Investment in Agricultural Research and Innovation）」では、メコンデルタ、乾燥地農業、能力開発プログラムの例が紹介されました。「革新的ファンディングメカニズム（Innovative Funding Mechanisms）」では、技術適応対象である農家を含めた地域レベルの集団的活動・協業の重要性、インドの投資活用例、知財活用における課題、農家と政府の共同出資例が紹介されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E閉会の挨拶として、Raghunath Ghodake APAARI事務局長から、本会議は、投資促進に向けた活動の始まりに過ぎず、本会合の結果をふまえ、様々な関係者が協調して行動することが重要であることが述べられました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdrupal-entity alt=\u0022会場の様子\u0022 data-embed-button=\u0022file_browser\u0022 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"dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20160617#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-06-17", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "第5回G20主席農業研究者会議（G20 Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists, G20 MACS）への参加", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/china#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/China", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "中国", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "China", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EG20各国及び国際研究機関の主席農業研究者が集まり、世界における農業研究の優先事項や各国と国際研究機関の連携強化を目的としたG20主席農業研究者会議（G20 MACS）は、2012年に第1回がメキシコで開催され、その後、第2回ロシア、第3回豪州、第4回トルコと、引き続いて、JIRCASは日本代表団の一員として、参加しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第5回G20 MACSは、2016年のG20ホスト国である中国の主催で2016年5月30日（月）～31日（火）の日程で、西安にて開催されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E岩永勝理事長は、本会議において、”Benefitting from Networking: Alignment of national research and international research priorities”と題し、CGIARの主導するコメの世界的プロジェクトGRiSPへのJIRCASを中心として組織されたGRiSP調整会議（GCCJ）を通じた連携の成果について、国際的枠組みと国内研究勢力の連携の成功事例として発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E会議には、G20各国の主席農業研究者の他、国際研究機関等から、96名が参加し、日本からは、農林水産技術会議事務局井上龍子研究総務官を始めとする6名が参加しました。会議ではG20 MACSの継続性に資するウェブサイトの運営、「グローバル研究協力プラットフォーム」(GRCPs)や、「農業技術共有」に向けた作業部会の設置、国際農業研究協議グループ（CGIAR）を含む国際機関やイニシアティブによる、研究開発イノベーション遂行のための取組を支援について、参加各国の幅広い意見交換が行われ、G20主席農業研究者会議コミュニケが取りまとめられました。このコミュニケは、G20農業大臣会合コミュニケ(http://www.maff.go.jp/j/press/kokusai/boueki/pdf/160603-02.pdf)のパラグラフ11に内容が取り込まれています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp class=\u0022rtecenter\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdrupal-entity alt=\u0022第5回G20主席農業研究者会議\u0022 data-embed-button=\u0022file_browser\u0022 data-entity-embed-display=\u0022image:image\u0022 data-entity-embed-display-settings=\u0022{\u0026quot;image_style\u0026quot;:\u0026quot;\u0026quot;,\u0026quot;image_link\u0026quot;:\u0026quot;\u0026quot;}\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00229fd6fc92-1081-4e89-be70-636203154a0b\u0022 data-langcode=\u0022ja\u0022 title=\u0022第5回G20主席農業研究者会議\u0022\u003E\u003C/drupal-entity\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/world_outlook_conference#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-06-29", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "第25回世界食料見通し会合（World Outlook Conference）への参加", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/netherlands#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Netherlands", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "オランダ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Netherlands", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASは、世界の食料需給予測を行うOECDやFAOなどの国際機関や各国政府機関の代表者が集まり、予測の手法や結果についての情報交換を行う世界食料見通し会合（World Outlook Conference）に毎年参加しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第25回となる世界食料見通し会合は、2016年6月9日～11日の日程で、オランダのザーンダムで開催されました。JIRCASからは、社会科学領域の古家と草野が参加し、JIRCASにおける世界食料需給予測研究についての報告を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E古家は、気候変動の影響を加味した世界食料需給モデルに基づく、主要農産物の栄養供給量の推計について報告を行いました。また、草野は約350品目の食料由来の栄養供給量の推計と簡便な予測結果について解説しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/tropical_agriculture_platform#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-07-26", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "熱帯農業プラットフォーム（TAP）と共通枠組文書", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003E熱帯農業プラットフォーム(Tropical Agriculture Platform, TAP)は、G20を受けて2012年に発足した、主に熱帯地域の小規模農家を受益者として農業のイノベーションシステムのための能力開発（capacity development for agricultural innovation systems, CDAIS）を推進するプラットフォームです。JIRCASは、TAP創設時からそのパートナーとして積極的にその活動に参加しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003E2016年1月に、第三回TAPパートナー会合(TAP Partners Assembly)がルワンダ国首都のキガリで開催されました。そこで議論された共通枠組みは、現在各地域で独立した取り組みが行われている能力開発を調和させることでリソースを最適化できないかという観点から作成されたもので、2016年7月に最終版が公表されました（以下3文書）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col start=\u00221\u0022 style=\u0022list-style-type: lower-alpha;\u0022\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli align=\u0022left\u0022\u003E概念　（ \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.cabi.org/Uploads/CABI/about-us/4.8.5-other-business-policies-and-strategies/tap-conceptual-background.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.cabi.org/Uploads/CABI/about-us/4.8.5-other-business-policies-and-strategies/tap-conceptual-background.pdf\u003C/a\u003E）\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli align=\u0022left\u0022\u003Eガイダンスノート （\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.cabi.org/Uploads/CABI/about-us/4.8.5-other-business-policies-and-strategies/tap-guidance-note.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.cabi.org/Uploads/CABI/about-us/4.8.5-other-business-policies-and-strategies/tap-guidance-note.pdf\u003C/a\u003E）\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli align=\u0022left\u0022\u003E要約 （\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.cabi.org/Uploads/CABI/about-us/4.8.5-other-business-policies-and-strategies/tap-synthesis-document.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.cabi.org/Uploads/CABI/about-us/4.8.5-other-business-policies-and-strategies/tap-synthesis-document.pdf\u003C/a\u003E）\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003Eまた、TAPはCDAISに関する情報共有システムとしてTAPipedia（http://tapipedia.org/）を運営しており、農業イノベーションのための能力開発に関連する文献、ケーススタディ、ツールなどを検索することができます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022right\u0022\u003E（研究戦略室　白鳥　佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20161025#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-10-25", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": " AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016（AGRA (2016)）. Progress towards Agricultural Transformation in Africaの概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E　本レポートは、MDGsやマプト宣言を指標として、アフリカ農業の進歩トレンド、変化を推進する要因、新たな課題、等を評価するものである。以下の11章と、国別の農業関連主要指標のアネックスからなる。\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n　以下、総括的なCh1の要点をまとめる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECh1: Africa’s Emerging Agricultural Transformation: Evidence, Opportunities and Challenges\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh2: Strengthening the continental agricultural agenda and accountability framework\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh3: Driving Economic Transformation\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh4: Sustainable Intensification for Resilience\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh5: Agricultural Productivity through Intensification and Local Institutions\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh6: Getting More for Farmers from Post-Harvest to Market\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh7: New Ways of Financing African Agriculture\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh8: Modernization of Agriculture through Digital Technology\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh9: The Roles of Agricultural Research Systems, Advisory Services and Capacity Development and Knowledge Transfer\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh10: Achieving Food Security and Nutrition\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh11: Putting it all together – Recommendations and Conclusions\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nCh1: Africa’s Emerging Agricultural Transformation: Evidence, Opportunities and Challenges\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカの直面する10の主要なトレンドについて\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n(1)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;人口爆発：今日サブサハラ・アフリカの人口は9.2億人で世界人口の12%を占めるが、2050年までに21億人・シェア31％、今世紀末までには38億人・34％まで達すると予測される(p.6図1.1)。現在アフリカ人口の62％が25歳以下で、15歳以下人口の増加が予測され、また2015-2050年の間に農村人口が60％増と、農村人口純増が予測される唯一の地域でもある。この人口増は、[1]拡大する都市へ食糧を供給する農村農業システムへの負荷増、[2] 市場アクセスの良い地域における居住・非農業目的のための土地投資・投機による地価高騰、[3]土地無し若年層による出稼ぎ・移民問題の勃発、等の問題を引き起こすと予想される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(2)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;都市化と都市人口増:　地域差はあるものの、アフリカ全体で急激な都市化傾向。急激な都市化は指数的に食糧需要を増加させ、農業システムに大きな負荷を与えうる。まず1990年には都市住民1人を農民3人が支えていたのが、2020年にはフルタイム農民1人が2人の都市住民を支えなければならない(p.8, 出典：Richards et al., 2016)。所得増・生活様式変化による食事内容変化により加工食品等への需要も拡大する。主要穀物、油脂作物、畜産産物の輸入依存も高まる。他方、辺鄙な地方でもバリューチェーン発展に伴い市場アクセスが高まれば、相対的に高い食糧価格がインセンチブとなり、アフリカ農民にとっても市場へ参加するかつてない機会が高まる。政府の市場・土地セクターに関する政策が農業部門のパフォーマンスを左右するであろう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n(3)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;労働力の非農業雇用へのシフト：前述したように、アフリカ人口の6割以上が25歳以下若年層であり、2035年までに2.2億人の若者が労働力人口へ流入する(p.9, 出典Filmer \u0026amp; Fox, 2014)。楽観的シナリオの元でも、サブサハラ・アフリカにおける賃労働機会はこれら2.2億人の25％しか吸収できないとされ、農業や自営業部門が少なくとも2030年までに70％を吸収できるようにしなければならないにもかかわらず、農業部門は若者にとって金銭的に魅力があるものではないのが現状である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(4)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;全般的に農業生産性は上昇傾向、貧困削減：2005年までの停滞期に比べ、過去10年、アフリカ農業は持続的成長を維持しつつある。しかし2000-2012年というスパンでみると、農業生産性の向上が貧困削減に必ずしも繋がっていない国も見られる(p.9, 図1.4)。アフリカ小規模農民の40-60％は、未だに主食作物に関して純消費者、あるいは年間を通じて販売よりも購入するほうが多い状況にある(p.11, 出典Jayne, Mather \u0026amp; Mghenyi, 2010)。主食作物が安価で市場で入手できる場合、リスクをマネージできれば、果樹栽培や油脂作物、乳業、畜産、など高付加価値作物へシフトし、所得改善することも可能である。ローカルな食糧市場の機能改善を図ることで、農業・非農業生産性改善と経済構造変化の促進を図ることを検討すべきである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(5)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;土壌劣化問題：28％近くのアフリカ農民が既に土壌劣化した農地を耕しているとされ、人口圧力はこの傾向をさらに高めると予測される(p.12, 出典Barbier \u0026amp; Hochard, 2016)。化学肥料の使用推奨には限界があり、様々な土壌・水保全管理手法を統合して持続的農業生産性向上を目指す土地管理戦略が必要とされる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(6)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;土地価格の高騰：近年、市場アクセスのよい地域において、土地賃貸市場が活発化し、土地レンタル価格の上昇が見られる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(7)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;気候変動の不確実性上昇：アフリカは気候変動の影響に最も晒される地域と予想されており、Climate smart agriculture (CSA) の適応が推奨されている。CSAは、[1]持続的な農業生産性と所得向上、[2]気候変動への強靭性強化、[3]可能なかぎりGHG削減、を目的とするが、技術推奨の際は、労働・市場条件・土壌・気候等に応じた地域固有の事情・条件を配慮することが重要である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(8)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;主食穀物輸入依存殿上昇：アフリカ地域ごとに、主要穀物の需要は上昇し、輸入が増える傾向にある。地域別では、東アフリカでは小麦、西アフリカでは米と小麦が純輸入傾向にある(p.15, 図1.7)。また、砂糖、食用油等、高付加価値作物において、消費が生産を上回る傾向が予測されている(p.14, 図1.6)。輸入依存は国内農業生産と波及効果を通じた加工業における雇用創出の隘路ともなっている。経済・産業発展の点からも、農業生産向上は急務である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(9)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;市場アクセス状況の改善：都市化は市場アクセス拡大の機会だが、バリューチェーンで勝ち残るには、農民は、多様性・サイズ・風味・質・安全性といった点での競争力も身につける必要がある。そのための組織化・公的機関による能力開発等が重要となる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(10)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;農地所有条件と農地分配の変化：近年、アフリカ諸国の中には、5ha 保有以下の小規模農民のシェアが減少し、5-100ha程度を保有する中規模農民が台頭しつつあり、一般化は出来ないが、アフリカ農業を牽引する主役となっていくと予想される(p.17-18, 表1.4, 出典 Jayne et al. 2016)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2000年来、アフリカの小規模農業に従事する農民のシェアは70-80%から40-50%に減少傾向にある(p.19)。その減少傾向は農業生産性向上が顕著な国で著しく、アジアのように農業生産性上昇が経済構造転換を推進しているような国も見られるが、地域差も激しい。さらに、上述したような課題を見据えて備えなければならない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　詳しくは、以下のＵＲＬから報告書を入手されたい。\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp; http://www.agra.org/aasr2016/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（研究コーディネイター　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nKey Reference:\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nBarbier \u0026amp; Hochard, 2016; Poverty and the spatial distribution of rural population (Policy Research Working Paper, WPS 7101). Washington, DC: World Bank Group.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nFilmer \u0026amp; Fox, 2014: Youth Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa. Africa Development Series. Washington, DC: The World Bank. Retrieved from https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/16608/9781464801075.pdf\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nJayne, Mather \u0026amp; Mghenyi, 2010; Principal challenges confronting smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. World Development, 38(10), 1384–1398.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nJayne et al. 2016; (in press). Africa’s Changing Farmland Ownership: The Rise of the Emergent Investor Farmer. Agricultural Economics.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nRichards et al., 2016: Cities and the future of agriculture and food security: a policy and programmatic roundtable. Food Security, DOI 10.1007/s12571-016-0597-3\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20161025-02#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-10-25", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Rural Development Report 2016: Fostering inclusive rural transformation (IFAD (2016) )の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E　近年(2011年～)、都市化、人口構造変化、フードサプライチェーンの統合、アグリフードセクターへの国内・海外投資の増加、といった傾向が、途上国農村地域の直面する新たな課題として浮上してきている。途上国農村地域は、これら変化に対応するために非農業部門への多様化を含む構造変化を必要とする。しかし、農民世帯の間には、こうした変化に適応し、主流経済から取り残されるものもいる。土地分配・労働市場・農業技術といった観点からInclusiveな農村構造変化は自律的に期待できるものではなく、現場の事情に充分配慮した開発戦略・投資が必要とされる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp; 本レポートは、農村構造変化（農業就業比率、農業GDP貢献度、etc.）をより大きな社会構造変化の中で捉え、開発・成長、貧困削減の関係、詳しく分析を試みている。 本レポートは、\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPart 1 地域別分析(ラテンアメリカ、アジア太平洋、アフリカ、中近東・北アフリカ・中欧・中央アジア)農村構造変化トレンド分析\u0026nbsp;\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nPart 2 テーマ別分析(雇用と移民、アグリフード・バリューチェーン、農村金融、農業技術革新、土地・自然資源)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp; から構成される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　 詳しくは、以下のURLから本文を入手して欲しい。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;https://www.ifad.org/ruraldevelopmentreport　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（研究コーディネイター　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20161116#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-11-16", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "” Taking on Inequality- Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2016”の概要（世界銀行2016年10月2日公表）", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "世銀総裁は、報告書前文にて、「1990年以来、11億人が極度の貧困から抜け出すことができた。他方、歴史的に新しい現象ではないが、不平等・所得格差は今日国家経済を脅かし、2030年までに貧困を撲滅するためのグローバルな協調を不安定化させている。このことから、不平等の解消が絶対的貧困撲滅と経済開発に果たす役割について詳しく分析する必要がある」と述べている。報告書は世銀統計を用いた国別・地域別の詳細な分析により190ページ以上に及ぶが、以下のまとめリンクを参照に、報告書の要点をまとめる。(http://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/poverty-and-shared-prosperity) \r\n\r\n\r\n貧困\r\n今日、世界人口の10人に1人が、一日当たり1.9ドル未満で暮らし、絶対的貧困の半数はサブサハラアフリカに暮らす\r\n世界的に絶対的貧困は減少傾向にある。2013年の最新データによると、世界人口の10.7％に相当する7.67億人が国際的貧困線である1日1.9ドル未満で暮らす。2012年から2013年にかけて1億人、1990年以来であれば11億人が絶対的貧困から抜け出している。主に、東アジア・太平洋・南アジア―とりわけ中国、インドネシア、インド、における絶対的貧困層の削減が顕著である。今日、未だに絶対的貧困水準は受け容れられないほど高く、とくに世界の絶対的貧困層の半数に相当する3.89億人を抱えるサブサハラアフリカで顕著である。貧困層は圧倒的に農村に存在し、若者であり、教育をうけず、農業部門で雇用され、子供の多い大規模世帯に暮らしている。\r\n \r\n\r\n繁栄の共有\r\n下位40％人口の所得上昇率が高いほど、貧困層による繁栄の共有は促進される。2008-2009年の金融危機にも関わらず、分析を行った83か国中60カ国において、下位40％人口の所得増が観察された。これは世界人口の67％に相当する。49カ国では、下位40％の所得上昇率が上位60％の所得上昇率よりも高かった。\r\n東アジア・太平洋、ラテンアメリカ・カリブ諸国、南アジアでは、下位40％の年率所得上昇がそれぞれ5.0%, 4.1%. 3.7%であった。しかし、高所得先進国においては、下位40％の所得は%純減した。\r\n不平等\r\n近年の経済成長衰退は、過去25年間の進歩を相殺しかねない。不平等を戦略的に解消することは、絶対的貧困撲滅の加速に大きな貢献をすることが期待される。1990年以来、中国やインドにおける所得増に伴う平均所得の収斂傾向に伴い、不平等は世界的には縮小傾向にあり、2008年以降、3か国中1カ国で不平等悪化が進む一方で2カ国では改善する、という傾向が見られる。他方、超富裕層による富の支配シェア拡大は懸念要因であり、過度の不平等解消に取り組んでいく必要がある。\r\n\r\n国別の視点\r\n過去10年間、多くの中・低所得諸国が貧困削減と所得不平等解消に成功した。これらの事例―ブラジル・マリ・ペルー・カンボジア・タンザニア―は、異なる初期条件にもかかわらず、貧困削減と不平等解消が可能であることを示唆している。例えばブラジルの最低賃金制度とセーフティネット・プログラムの拡充は、不平等解消要因の80％貢献した。マリでは、穀物生産増による農業生産・非農業労働所得増が不平等解消に繋がった。慎重なマクロ経済政策と高商品価格に支えられ、ペルーの労働市場における正規労働・インフォーマル労働賃金格差が縮小し、労働市場への参入を促したことが、高い経済成長と貧困・不平等削減に貢献した。カンボジアでは、農業から軽製造業への経済多様化が貧困層への雇用機会を増大させた。タンザニアにおいて、所得分配是正を目指す政策へのコミットメントと、小売・製造業のブームが、非熟練労働者の経済機会参加を高め、貧困削減の進歩に大きく貢献した。不平等削減の要因を分析にあたり、力強い成長、健全なマクロ経済管理、貧困層への雇用機会創造に機能する労働市場、等が共通項として浮かび上がった。\r\n\r\n政策的観点\r\n異なる初期条件でも、以下6戦略が不平等・貧困解消、かつ経済成長に有効な戦略である。\r\n•\t幼児教育と栄養介入(Early childhood development and nutrition interventions)\r\n•\tすべての人が、適切な健康増進、予防、治療、機能回復に関するサービスを、支払い可能な費用で受けられること(Universal health coverage)\r\n•\t質の高い教育への普遍的アクセス(Universal access to quality education)\r\n•\t貧困世帯への現金供与(Cash transfers to poor families)\r\n•\t農村インフラ―とくに道路と電化(Rural infrastructure – especially roads and electrification)\r\n•\t累進課税(Progressive taxation)\r\n\r\n（研究コーディネーター　飯山みゆき）\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20161122#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-11-22", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "第1回　国際農業生物多様性会議が開催", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/india#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/India", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "インド", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "India", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "平成28年11月6日から9日かけて、インドのデリで第一回国際農業生物多様性会議（1st International Agrobiodiverstiy Congress , IAC 2016）が開催され、JIRCASから村中副プロジェクトリーダーが出席しました。この会議では、作物生産だけでなく、畜産や水産の分野までを包括した農業生物多様性の維持管理とその利用について、60を超える国々から900人以上の研究者ならびに政府関係者が盛んな議論を行いました。JIRCASは、この会議開催を後援するとともに、アフリカの 伝統的作物や食品の研究を通じた現地の食料安全や栄養供給促進への試みについて紹介を行なっています。\r\n\r\nこの会議には、インドのNarendra Modi首相が開会の宣言を行い、農業生物多様性の果たす役割と、ますます増大する その保全と利用の重要性について強調しました。また、この会議で行われた議論をうけて、11月10日に今後のより一層の農業生物多様性の保全とその有効利用のための活動を世界各国に要請するデリ宣言（Delhi Declaration on Agrobiodiversity Management）が採択されました。このデリ宣言の詳細については、Bioversity InterntaiontalのWebsiteをごらんください。\r\n\r\n\r\n関連Website\r\n\r\nThe Indian Express\r\nhttp://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/research-in-agro-biodiversity-important-to-ensure-food-security-pm-modi-3740111/\r\n\r\nBioversity International\r\nhttp://www.bioversityinternational.org/news/detail/first-ever-international-agrobiodiversity-congress-to-be-held-in-new-delhi-india/\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170111#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-01-11", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "APAARIの2017-2022年戦略計画", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "APAARIは、国連のSustainable Development Goals（SDG；持続的開発目標）に対応して、2015年に「APAARI Vision 2030」を策定し、これを実現するため、「APAARI Strategic Plan 2017-2022」を策定し、2016年11月に発表しました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアジア太平洋農業研究機関協議会（APAARI）は、アジア太平洋地域における農業生産の持続性の実現、飢餓・貧困の撲滅、環境保全に向けての研究開発を目的として、アジア・太平洋地域の農業研究機関等が参画し、1990年に設立されました。JIRCASはAPAARIのメンバーとして、設立当初から活動に参加しています。APAARIは、国連のSustainable Development Goals（SDG；持続的開発目標）に対応して、2015年に「APAARI Vision 2030」を策定し、これを実現するため、「APAARI Strategic Plan 2017-2022（APAARI戦略計画2017-2022年）」を策定し、2016年11月に発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「APAARI Strategic Plan 2017-2022」はAPAARIのHPに掲載されています（\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.apaari.org/news/apaari-strategic-plan-2017-2022-2.html\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.apaari.org/news/apaari-strategic-plan-2017-2022-2.html\u003C/a\u003E）。以下に、その概要を示します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアジア太平洋地域は、近年の急速な経済成長により、ミレニアム開発目標（Millennium Development Goals; MGDs）を達成しましたが、購買力増加による食料供給増加、収入の不均衡、持続性への脅威をもたらしました。貧困層は小規模生産者に残っており、低い生産性や市場へのアクセス困難が課題とされています。さらに、ジェンダーや若年層の不平等の課題もあります。APAARIは、これらの課題を解決するキーとして、Agri-food system（AFS；農業・食料システム）に注目し、持続的開発目標（SDG）の達成に寄与するための戦略計画を立てました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAPAARI Strategic Plan 2017-2022は4つの主要テーマを設定しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EAgri-food systemの持続性のための自然資源の利用・管理・流通\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\t土地・水資源、森林・アグロフォーレストリー・木材、農業生物多様性の効率的な管理・利用、バイオテクノロジー及び規制システムの促進、バイオエネルギーやバイオマス等の持続的活用\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EAgri-food systemにおけるリスクと不確定の管理\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\t市場・価格変動リスク管理のための政策、気候変動・海面上昇・自然災害・人的災害による不確定への対応、越境病害虫やバイオセキュリティへの共同対応\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E小規模農家の利益のためのバリューチェーンの開発・統合\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\t市場統合など他のバリューチェーンとの統合への小規模生産者・農村集団・女性の参加、ポストハーベストロスや廃棄を最小にする革新的施行、農村における雇用促進のための加工・サービスへの小規模農家の組み込み\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EAgri-food systemの開発・普及を支援する調節フレームワークと政策の解析・強化・形成\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\t農業発展のための政策・戦略の開発・実施を支援する政策・社会経済・市場についての研究、smallholder生産者や土地無し農民への土地・水資源の提供のための政策・戦略\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAPAARI Strategic Plan 2017-2022では7つのキー戦略を設定しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E知識管理（Knowledge management）\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\t持続的農業開発への効果的寄与のための知識強化をもたらす農業・食料システム、効率的な知識管理による農業・食料研究革新システム（Agri-food research and innovation systems）\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eパートナーシップとネットワーク\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\t革新的・戦略的パートナーシップとネットワークの強化\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E人材育成\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\t農業・食料研究革新システム強化による効果的な人材供給のための研究機関調整、研究革新の普及・効率的管理・組織運営のための組織的な人材育成、技術開発協力\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E支援活動\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\t農業・食料システムと社会経済の発展における農業・食料研究革新の役割の理解、農業食料システム発展のための農業・食料研究革新強化\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E女性と若者\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\t農業・食料システムにおける生産的でやりがいのある活動への女性と若者の参加、農業・食料システムにおける政策・方針決定への女性と若者の適切な参画\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E見通しと先見性\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\tVision 2030実現のためのニーズの変化・傾向のモニタリング・評価・活動への反映\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EAPAARI 統治と発展\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n\tアジア太平洋地域における農業・食料研究革新システム強化への効果的・効率的な寄与\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170209#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-02-09", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "IFPRI は「アフリカにおける農業研究：未来の生産性改善に向けた投資」（ライナム他編著）を公表", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "本報告書（Lynam et al eds. 2016 Agricultural research in Africa: Investing in future harvests. IFPRI. ）は、研究者・開発専門家による、アフリカ農業研究開発の変遷・現状・見通しの分析をまとめたものである。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "本報告書（Lynam et al eds. 2016 Agricultural research in Africa: Investing in future harvests. IFPRI. ）は、研究者・開発専門家による、アフリカ農業研究開発の変遷・現状・見通しの分析をまとめたものである。\r\n以下各章では、農業生産性や農業部門Ｒ＆Ｄ，農業部門の人材育成課題等のテーマ毎に、国・地域レベルでの一次データ(IFPRIによるAgricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI)データ)や二次資料を駆使した時系列・横断的分析や、詳しい政策分析が試みられている。 \r\n1章：アフリカ農業部門の成長と生産性：近年のトレンドと将来の見通\r\n2章：アフリカ農業研究の変遷：主要なトレンドと制度的展開\r\n3章：国立農業研究システムにおける規模の経済 \r\n4章：農業研究開発投資の動向\r\n5章：なぜアフリカ諸国は農業研究開発に充分投資しないのか\r\n6章：サブ・サハラアフリカ農業研究開発支援に関するドナーの動向変遷\r\n7章：アフリカ農業研究における民間部門投資の役割\r\n8章：農業構造転換に不可欠な人材育成\r\n9章：拡大する大学部門とアフリカ出身農学部教員の役割\r\n10章：ネットワーク改革：次世代のためのアフリカ農業研究者育成\r\n11章：農業研究開発インパクト評価の役割\r\n12章：農業研究開発パフォーマンス強化のためのモニタリング評価システム\r\n13章：農業研究のアフリカ・イノベーション・システムへの統合\r\n14章：国境を越えたアフリカ農業研究のための協同：技術普及の政治経済学\r\n15章：サブ・サハラアフリカ農業研究開発における国際農業研究協議グループ (CGIAR) の役割\r\n16章：アフリカ農業の潜在性を解き放つために\r\n\r\n以下は、アフリカ農業部門の生産性トレンドと見通しをまとめた1章の抜粋である。\r\n1960-70年代、独立後のアフリカ諸国は年間4.7%のGDP増と経済成長を遂げていた。しかし(債務危機・構造調整時代の)1970年代-80年代にはGDP成長率は3.4%→1.4%と低迷し、1980-90年代には人口増の裏で一人当たりGDPはマイナス成長を記録した。農業部門も、1970-80年代は2.5%成長率と独立後最も停滞した。この結果、過去数十年の間、アフリカ諸国は、経済成長、とくに農業部門のパフォーマンスにおいて、他の途上国に遅れをとってきた。近年アフリカ経済は著しい回復を遂げており、とくに21世紀以降の15年間、農業部門は年率平均5.1%と、独立以来最長の持続的な成長を記録している。しかしながら地域・国ごとにパフォーマンスの差があり、アフリカ諸国が目標とする年率6％の農業部門成長目標(以下に述べるCAADP)に遥か及ばない国も多い。全体的に言えば、過去15年の農業部門の進展は1970-80年代の「失われた(数)十年」を埋め合わせただけにすぎない。西アフリカの幾つかの例外を除き、平均的な一人当たり食糧生産・全農業生産性は辛うじて1960年代初期の水準である。農業輸出は順調に増加傾向にあるものの、人口増・所得増・都市化に伴う食糧需要増加を満たすために生産・輸出を上回るペースで輸入が増加し、貿易赤字は悪化の傾向を辿っている。食糧輸入依存は、アフリカ経済が国際価格変動のショックにさらされることを意味する。こうした背景もあり、農業部門は貧困削減に果たす役割を充分果たしているとは言えず、中央アフリカ地域を例外として貧困水準は21世紀来全体的に下落傾向にあるものの、貧困削減目標達成には程遠い状況である。農業生産性の改善という点において、他途上国地域には未だに大きく水を開けられている。人口増の趨勢の中で貧困削減を達成するには、現状の農業生産性、とりわけ労働生産性改善傾向をこれまで以上に加速する必要がある。そのためには、技術革新、そして革新的な技術採択を可能にするための取引費用・制約を除去し、誘引を高めるための政策・制度的革新における大きな努力を必要とする。\r\n農業生産性改善に立ち塞がる複合的な課題に取り組むために、2003年、アフリカ諸国は、「包括的なアフリカ農業開発プログラム(the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP)」を発足させた。CAADPは大陸横断的な政策枠組であり、国家予算の最低10％を農業部門に投資し、6％の成長を達成するための優先分野･戦略の策定を目指す。しかし野心的な成長目標に対して投資が追いついていない状況であり、各諸国とも限られた財政・人的・制度的資源を有効に農業研究開発・優先投資に振り分けることが求められている。\r\n詳しくは以下のリンクにある報告書原本を参照。https://www.ifpri.org/publication/agricultural-research-africa-investing-future-harvests\r\n（文責：飯山みゆき）\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170228#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-03-03", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "FAO 「2016年アフリカにおける食糧安全保障と栄養状況概観」について", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "「食糧安全保障危機経験値指標」は、充分な食糧へのアクセスに関した質問に対する調査対象者の主観的回答に基づいた指標である。従来の貧困・食糧安全保障指標を適用して得られた知見を引き継ぎ補完しつつ、FIESは異なる国・文化間で比較可能な食糧安全保障危機状況に置かれた人々の推計を可能にすると期待される。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2016年アフリカにおける食糧安全保障と栄養状況概観」\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nRegional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in Africa 2016.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nThe challenges of building resilience to shocks and stresses.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nFAO, 2017\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　2015年報告書に続き第2弾となる2016年報告書では、政策策定と効率的な実施を促進するために、食糧安全保障と栄養状況に関する理解を深めるためのツールを導入した。「食糧安全保障危機経験値指標」(the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)) は、充分な食糧へのアクセスに関した質問に対する調査対象者の主観的回答に基づいた指標である。従来の貧困・食糧安全保障指標を適用して得られた知見を引き継ぎ補完しつつ、FIESは異なる国・文化間で比較可能な食糧安全保障危機状況に置かれた人々の推計を可能にすると期待される。「ショックとストレスに対する強靭性を高める上での挑戦」と題した本書が公表された2017年2月には、折しも、国連・FAOより、南スーダンにおける飢饉、東アフリカ乾燥地域における旱魃、また南部アフリカでの急速かつ甚大な害虫被害、が報告されており、本報告書の提言はタイムリーであるといえる。以下、本報告書の主要なメッセージを要約する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E◎2014･15年に1億5300万人が深刻な食糧安全保障危機に直面\u003C/strong\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n「飢餓の経験」に着目して行われた最新の調査によると、サブサハラアフリカの15歳以上人口26％にあたる1億5300万人が、2014-15年の間に深刻な食糧安全保障の危機に直面したという。言い換えれば、当該地域の15歳以上人口の4人に1人が「空腹であったにもかかわらず、食糧を獲得する現金あるいは資源が不足していたために、一食も口にしない日を経験した」と回答した。この数値は、サブサハラアフリカ地域にとり、持続可能な開発目標SDGs目標2「飢餓を終わらせ、食糧安全保障および栄養改善を実現し、持続可能な農業を促進する」、を達成することの困難さを示している\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E◎幾つかの国は食糧輸入に過度に依存\u003C/strong\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n　2014-2016年の間、サブサハラアフリカ全域平均で食事摂取基準のエネルギー供給 (Dietary Energy Supply (DES)) の110％を達成した。しかし地域格差は大きく、地域によっては国内供給が不足し、不足穀物の3割程を輸入に頼らざるを得ない状況に置かれている。食糧需要を充たすために農業生産性・生産・付加価値を増加させるための早急な対策が必要である。 ◎地域でみた貧困水準は減少したものの、世界的に見てアフリカの貧困は未だに高水準 　1990年から2014年まで一人当たり所得は30％上昇したものの、サブサハラアフリカの平均所得は他の地域に比べて著しく低水準に留まっている。貧困水準は下落したものの、世界的に見て未だ高水準であり、貧困層半減を達成するには程遠い状況にある。貧困削減と食糧安全保障のために、農業部門を中心とした経済構造の変革が必要である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E◎栄養失調・栄養不良・肥満の三重苦\u003C/strong\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n　栄養失調改善に進歩は見られたものの、非伝染性疾患や微量栄養素(ビタミン・ミネラル)不足レベルの上昇もあり、サブサハラアフリカは、未だ栄養失調・栄養不良・肥満の三重苦に陥っている。近年、栄養と農業を政策的･制度的に統合する取組が増えている。アフリカ諸国は農業・栄養・社会的保護を統合し、持続的に成果を挙げていくために、マルチセクター・学際的なアプローチを採択することが奨励されている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E◎食糧市場・商品価格の不安定性と自然災害\u003C/strong\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n　食糧市場・商品価格の不安定性と、深刻な旱魃・洪水などの自然災害は、穀物不作・家畜飼料水不足・政情不安をもたらし、サブサハラアフリカにおける食糧安全保障危機と栄養失調の主要な原因となっている。2014･15年のエルニーニョ・ラニーニャ現象は、過去100年の間でも最も深刻かつ広域な影響をもたらし、アフリカでは6000万人以上が旱魃と洪水により農業・食糧安全保障・栄養状況を脅かされた。気候変動適応・緩和につながる適切な技術の促進・普及を通じ、ショック・ストレスのインパクトを最小化し、コミュニテイの強靭性を高めるための、短・中・長期的な対処法を講じなければならない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E◎政策提言・戦略\u003C/strong\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n　多くの国からの経験は、飢餓と栄養失調撲滅を目指したセクター横断的な政策・プログラムを効果的に組み合わせることの重要性を証明している。マラボ宣言・持続可能な開発目標それぞれを2025･2030年に達成するとコミットした野心的な目標を踏まえ、各国は従来の政策を見直し、改善していく必要がある。紛争地域においては、農業に依存する生業を復興させ、長期的な強靭性に必要な条件を整える上で、平和構築努力が必須である。\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;詳しくは以下のリンクにある報告書原本を参照。\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttp://www.fao.org/3/a-i6813e.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170327#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-03-27", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "第3回JASTIPシンポジウム－ASEAN - Japan STI Collaboration for SDGsに参加", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "JASTIPは日ASEANの科学技術協力に関するプラットフォームを構築し、JIRCASもこれに参加しています。本シンポジウムでは、これまでの成果・活動が報告されました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "　平成29年2月5日に、バンコクで、表記シンポジウムが開催され、参加しました。JASTIP（日ASEAN科学技術イノベーション共同研究拠点）は、JST国際科学技術共同研究推進事業「国際共同研究拠点」のもと実施しているプロジェクトであり、日ASEANの科学技術協力に関するプラットフォームを構築し（JIRCASもこのプラットフォームに参加）、持続可能な開発に向けて「環境・エネルギー分野」、「生物資源・生物多様性分野」、「防災分野」の分野で共同研究を実施しています。本シンポジウムには、日本及びASEAN各国の研究機関等から100名ほどが参加し、3分野で実施されている共同研究の成果及び本部の活動が報告されるとともに、JASTIPの今後の方向性について議論が交わされました。（http://jastip.org/result/%e7%ac%ac3%e5%9b%9e%e3%80%80jastip%e3%80%80%e3%82%b7%e3%83%b3%e3%83%9d%e3%82%b8%e3%82%a6%e3%83%a0/）\r\n　「環境・エネルギー分野」では、マレーシア・サラワクの遠隔農村における再生可能エネルギーを基盤とした電化とクオリティー・オブ・ライフの研究、ベトナムにおける地域エネルギー管理システムと再生可能エネルギーの研究、タイ・チェンマイでの再生可能エネルギーの社会実装の研究について、報告がありました。また、若手研究者トレーニングの報告もありました。\r\n　「生物資源・生物多様性分野」では、高付加価値生産物のためのASEAN諸国における植物資源の生物資源探査（bioprospecting）、サトウキビ収穫残渣からバイオエタノールや付加価値化学物質への転換の統合プロセス開発、インドネシアとタイで採取した熱帯菌類による合成染料の脱色と多環芳香族炭化水素（PAHs）の解毒について、報告がありました。\r\n　「防災分野」からは、ASEAN事前災害復旧計画－インドネシア、フィリピン、ミャンマーでの復旧計画の評価、リモートセンシングとモデリングの統合手法を活用した災害時のLangat川流域の水質評価、ASEANの人々の災害避難におけるICT活用－2011年東日本大震災と2016年熊本地震からについて、報告がありました。\r\n　JASTIP本部からは、2年間に4回の会議と63回の研究機関との会合の実施、人材育成としてタイのコンケンにおける塩害対策技術、社会実装として社会起業家向けのプラットフォーム構築、ドライトイレットの開発・普及の報告がありました。\r\n　総合討論では、グローバルな教育、マルチフィールド、多くの人の間での情報共有、社会実装との相互影響、学術と企業の間をつなぐ人材交流プログラム、社会科学の参画が必要であることなどの意見が出されました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170331#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-03-31", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "IRRI他主催セミナー「Can mechanization bridge the way to sustainable rice production?」に参加", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アジアでは、農業労働者不足が問題となっており、機械化が進み、民間の進出も進んでいます。アジアの稲作における機械化の導入状況、技術開発、解決すべき課題が報告されました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E　2017年3月16日に、バンコクで開催されたアジア農業機械展示会（AGRI TECHNICA ASIA）で、IRRI、BRIA、giz、DLGが主催したセミナー「Can mechanization bridge the way to sustainable rice production?」に参加しました。その概要をお知らせします。 　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp; 基調講演：アジアでは、農業労働者不足が問題となっており、機械化が進み、民間の進出も進んでいる。本セミナーでは、アジアの稲作における機械化の導入状況、技術開発、解決すべき課題を報告する。稲生産における機械化は整地、播種・田植、除草、病害虫防除、収穫、稲藁処理、収穫後の乾燥の全ての過程で導入される。我々は持続的な米生産を目指しており、それには気候変動、バリューチェーンが関係するため、これについても報告する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　整地、播種・田植セッション：レーザーレベリングをカンボジア、ベトナムで導入したところ、均平度向上により生産量が増加したが、機械の修理、企業に利益が少ないことが課題であることがわかった。移植機の導入では育苗が課題であること、コントラクトが必要であることが明らかとなった。不耕起播種における稲藁残渣への対応技術、湛水条件での直播技術について報告があった。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　気候変動・節水技術セッション：気候変動による気温上昇は開花受粉に影響を与えるが、その対応として早朝開花の品種を開発した。2016年のベトナムでの乾燥・塩害の被害は甚大で、60万haで収穫ができなかった。ICTを活用して状況把握を行った。稲藁は焼却や鋤込みより持ち出して利用する方がGHG発生量が抑制される。稲藁収集機械の紹介があった。また、節水技術であるAWDの実施において、ICTを活用した技術が紹介された。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　栽培管理セッション：施肥や農薬散布に機械を活用することにより、効率が上がる。ICTを活用して圃場や農家の状況を確認し、適切な施肥や播種などの技術指導する稲栽培指導員（Rice Crop Manager）の設置を行っている。持続型米バリューチェーン（Sustainable Rice Value Chain）構築が必要である。また、稲に対する病気、虫の被害をまとめた報告があった。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　収穫・保管セッション：収穫作業の労働力、コスト、収穫損失が人手、脱穀機導入、コンバイン導入で比較され、機械化が進むにつれ、これらが削減、低減されることが認められた。機械導入の課題としては、小農、小さい圃場サイズ、湿った圃場、圃場への到達困難性、貧弱な支援体制が挙げられた。ベトナム、カンボジアでのコンバイン普及の状況が説明された。コンバインの課題としては、資金、硬盤、さらなる適応技術、収穫損失が挙げられた。今後は乾燥機導入が必要になる。収穫した籾の冷却保管の技術紹介があった。また、稲藁収集、稲藁ボイラー、バイオガスの事例が紹介された。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　市場セッション：米バリューチェーンの解説があり、米の価格に対する消費者の反応として、GAPやトレーサビリティの説明があると、高い価格を受け入れるとの報告があった。 　本セミナーに参加して、東南アジアの稲作では、整地から保管まで全ての過程で機械化が進みつつあり、アジアに合った機械の開発が行われているのがわかり、興味深かった。機械化が進むと作業体系や経営が変わり、機械の販売、修理等の新たな産業が興る。また、機械化に合わせた圃場整備、品種開発、栽培・防除技術等の研究が必要になると思われた。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170413#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-04-13", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "FAO 「食糧と農業の未来　- トレンドと課題（The future of food and agriculture – Trends and challenges）」の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "FAOの「食糧と農業の未来　- トレンドと課題」（2017）は、2050年に世界銀行は97億人に達するという国連の予測に基づき、2012年水準よりも50％多く食糧・飼料・バイオ燃料を増産する必要があると推計する。そして21世紀農業を取り巻く変化を理解する鍵となる15のトレンドを示している。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EFAOによる本報告書は、2050年に世界銀行は97億人に達するという国連の予測に基づき、2012年水準よりも50％多く食糧・飼料・バイオ燃料を増産する必要があると推計する。地域差は大きく、多くの地域では2050年までに必要な農業増産は現状の3割程度であるが、人口増・需要急増が見込まれるサブサハラアフリカと南アジアでは農業生産は倍増する必要がある. 他方、世界的に農業生産性の向上は気候変動や自然資源劣化のために漸減傾向にあり、農業生産性維持のために保全農業・クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャーなどの革新的な方法が模索されねばならない。本報告書は、飢餓と貧困撲滅を成功させる上で、持続可能な農業・食料システム構築とともに、我々が立ち向かわなければいけない課題を指摘する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E以下、21世紀農業を取り巻く変化を理解する鍵となる15のトレンドである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E人口増・都市化・高齢化―世界的に人口増は緩やかとなるが、アフリカと南アジアでは増え続ける。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E経済成長・投資・貿易・食糧価格－経済成長は食糧需要を上昇させる。現行以上の農業部門投資が必要とされる。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E自然資源を巡る競争―農業拡大が森林破壊の最大要因であり、また非効率的技術による伝統的バイオマス燃料依存も自然資源への負荷を高めている。農業・産業・都市の拡大は水資源不足をもたらす。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E気候変動 －農業部門は気候変動に大きく影響を受け、またGHG排出により影響を与えてもいる。農業部門における気候変動対応・緩和策の施行が急務となっている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E農業生産性と革新 \u0026nbsp;－農業増産の必要性に対し、近年気候変動の影響もあり、農業生産性の伸びは停滞している。研究開発・民間投資の促進を通じ、農業生産性向上のための革新が必要とされている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E越境する病虫害－グローバリゼーションの中、越境する病虫害の問題が深刻化し、薬への抵抗性を獲得しつつあるウイルス・バクテリアの広域な拡散が人類にも健康被害の脅威を及ぼしている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E紛争・危機・自然災害―近年、紛争とそれに伴う難民問題が食糧危機・栄養問題の原因として再び台頭してくるようになった。気候変動により旱魃・洪水も頻発化し、脆弱な社会では社会・政治の不安定化が紛争につながるケースも懸念される。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E貧困・不平等・食糧安全保障の危機―世界的には貧困は減少傾向にあるものの、サブサハラアフリカでは未だに絶対的貧困層が増加している。農村貧困解消には、農業だけでなく雇用・生業多様化を支援して行く必要がある。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E栄養と健康―栄養失調・微栄養素不足・肥満、の三重苦が世界人口の多数に影響を及ぼしている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E構造変化と雇用―過去、農業生産性の改善とともに非農業部門への労働移動・経済貢献度のシフト・都市-農村所得格差の解消、という経済構造変化が見られた。今日の途上国では、構造変化がうまく進んでおらず、細分化された土地・停滞する農業生産性・限られた雇用機会、など若者世帯が希望を持てない状況にある。若者への経済機会提供のための創造的な介入が必要である。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E移民と農業における女性の台頭 －貧困・気候変動・紛争・自然資源への競争が、経済的困窮を背景とした移民を増加させることが予測される。男性農業から離職する一方で、農業・農産品か向上が女性によって担われる現象が報告されている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E変遷する食糧システム―都市化に伴う小売におけるスーパーマーケットの台頭により、食品の標準化・加工化の必要性が高まり、資本のない小規模農民はバリューチェーンから脱落せざるを得ないケースも増えている。また、バリューチェーンが「近代化」するにつれ、輸送コストだけでなく、農産物への化学肥料使用増加によりGHG排出が高まり、環境への負荷が高まることが懸念される。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E食品ロス・廃棄物―世界的に生産された食糧の3割がフードチェーンの過程で廃棄されているとされる。途上国においては、ロスの多くが生産・ポストハーベスト段階で起きていると推定されており、インフラの制約・低い技術・知識の不足等が原因として指摘されている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E食糧・栄養安全保障のためのガバナンス　－持続可能な開発目標SDGs達成のためには、世界的・国ごとのコミットメントが必要である。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E開発金融　－伝統的に低所得途上国はODAに依存してきたが、それだけではSDGs達成に不十分かもしれない。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E詳しくは以下のリンクにある報告書要約版原本を参照。\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttp://www.fao.org/3/a-i6881e.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責　飯山みゆき）\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170422#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-04-22", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "CGIAR「CGIAR Strategy and Result Framework」および「CGIAR Strategy and Result Framework 2016 -2030」の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界規模の農業研究・開発ネットワークであるCGIARの研究・開発戦略および目標達成のための枠組み（CGIAR Strategy and Result Framework: SRF）の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ECGIARは貧困や飢餓・栄養失調、そして環境劣化の解決に向けて活動を行う世界規模の農業研究・開発ネットワークであり、15の国際農業研究機関（CGセンター）が参画している。近年、CGIARでは、より効率的で実質的な「開発にむけた農業研究（AR4D）」の実施を目的とした改革が行われており、この2つの文書は今後のCGIARのAR4D実施に向けた「 研究・開発戦略および目標達成のための枠組み（CGIAR Strategy and Result Framework: SRF）」を規定するものある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「CGIAR Strategy and Result Framework」は、ドナー各国から2010年に承認された新たなCGIARの戦略と枠組み（SRF）を規定する文書である。この文書では、CGIARの研究・開発活動が重要となる背景やこれまでの貢献といった情報に加え、「CGIARシステム全体が達成目標とする成果（System Level Outcomes: SLOs）」の設定と、「CGセンター横断型の研究プログラム（CGIAR Research Program： CRP）」の実施を通じて、世界的問題の解決に対してCGIARシステム一体となった貢献を行うことが記されている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eここに定められたSLOs は、貧困の削減 （Reducing rural poverty）、 食料安全保障の向上（Improving food security）、栄養供給と健康状態の向上（Improving nutrition and health）、自然資源の持続的管理（Sustainable management of natural resources）の4つである（pp. 37表2.1、ｐｐ. 44-56）。このSLOs達成の基幹となる活動としてCRPを設立し、各センターの枠組みを超え、連携した活動を行うことが計画されている（pp. 69-72）。また、システム全体として、 ジェンダー不平等（Gender inequality）、人材育成と教育・情報共有 （Capacity Strengthening, Learning and Knowledge Sharing）、国際公共財（International public goods）の3つの横断的な課題（Cross-cutting issue）に取り組みが盛り込まれている（pp. 66-69）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eさらにこれを発展させ、2030年の達成目標までのSRFを記したものが、「 Strategy and Result Framework 2016-2030」（2015年承認）である。この新たなCGIARのSRFは、UNが定めた「持続可能な開発目標（ Sustainable Development Goals: SDGs）」に対応するものであり、 2030年のSDGs達成に直接的な貢献を行うことを目指している。大きな発展部分として、以下の点があげられる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1）SLOsの見直しと数値目標の設定\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n貧困削減（Reduce poverty）、健康のための食料安全と栄養供給の向上（Improving food and nutrition security for health）、自然資源と生態系サービスの向上（Improved natural resources and ecosystem services）の3つに整理され、特筆すべきこととして、それぞれに2022年と2030年に達成すべき目標とする数値が設定された（pp. 5表5）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2）SLOs達成に向けた中間開発成果(Intermediate Development Outcomes: IDOs)の設定\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n各研究活動のアウトプットやアウトカムからCGIARシステムとしての 成果につなげるため、インパクトパスウェイの明確化と達成度の評価を目的としたIDOs、さらにその過程にあるsub-IDOsが設定された（pp. 15図2）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3）横断的な課題（Cross-cutting issue） の見直しとIDOsの設定\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n研究分野や地域横断的な課題として、気候変動（Climate change）、ジェンダーと若者（Gender and Youth）、政策と社会制度（Policies and institutions）、人材育成（Capacity development）が設定され（pp. 22）、それぞれについてIDOs、sub-IDOsが設定され、システムとしての取り組みが設定された（pp. 23図3）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの2つは、これまでのCGIARの活動の背景・目的・貢献や、近年のCGIAR改革と今後の研究体制を理解するために有用な情報が記載されている文書である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n詳しくは以下のリンクの 原本を参照。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「CGIAR Strategy and Result Framework」\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttp://library.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10947/2608/Strategy_and_Results_Framework.pdf?sequence=1\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「CGIAR Strategy and Result Framework 2016 -2030」\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://library.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10947/3865/CGIAR%20Strategy%20and%20Results%20Framework.pdf?sequence=1\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネイター　村中聡）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170425#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-04-25", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "FAO「栄養に配慮した農業・食料システムの実例－介入の選択肢（Nutrition-sensitive agriculture and food systems in practice: options for intervention）」の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "FAO報告書「栄養に配慮した農業・食料システムの実例－介入の選択肢」（2017）は、農業・農村開発管轄省庁の政策立案者や開発パートナーを対象に、栄養に配慮した農業・食料政策やプログラム策定に有用な一連の『FAOツールキット』の一環として、介入の選択肢を提示している。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E近年、農業・食料安全保障政策やプログラムをより“栄養に配慮した”ものにしようという政治的コミットメントやセクター横断的な栄養戦略への投資が高まりつつある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E栄養に配慮した農業・食料システムとは、人々が必要とする栄養を量的・質的に充足することを目的として、入手可能で栄養に富み、文化的にも適切で安全な食の生産を、持続的手段により保障することを目指すアプローチである。栄養への配慮は、フードバリューチェーンの全てのステージ－生産（投入財の質向上を含む）・ポストハーベスト・加工・小売・消費－において、安全で栄養に富む食を提供するための意識・行動変化を必要とする。栄養に配慮した農業・食料システムは、多様で安全かつ栄養に富む食料生産に加え、保健サービスへのアクセスを叶える所得創出や、水質汚染軽減、労働節約技術の利用、等を通じ、健康状況の改善に貢献しうる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれまで表明されている政治的意思に対し、実践に移すための能力（そして実用可能なツール）は十分であるとは言い難い。FAOによる本報告書は、農業・農村開発管轄省庁の政策立案者や開発パートナーを対象に、栄養に配慮した農業・食料政策やプログラム策定に有用な一連のFAOツールキット\u003Csup\u003E*　\u003C/sup\u003Eの一環として、介入の選択肢を提示する。タイトルが示すように、本報告書では、栄養改善の高い効果が期待されるフードシステム・アプローチをリストアップしており、また、フードシステムにおける位置づけに応じて介入を分類している。各章は、各介入について実際にどのような栄養改善効果が期待されるのか、効果を最大化するために必要な政策・制度環境は、といった点を中心に構成され、さらに理解を深めるための文献リストも加えられている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003E生産\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul class=\u0022rteindent1\u0022\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E農業生産の多様化と持続的な集約化\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E栄養に配慮した畜産・水産\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E食と栄養のための生物多様性\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E農作物の生物学的栄養強化(Biofortification)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E都市近郊農業\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003E取扱い・保存・加工\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul class=\u0022rteindent1\u0022\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eポストハーベストにおける食品取扱い・保存・加工\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E栄養強化\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003Eトレード・マーケティング\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul class=\u0022rteindent1\u0022\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E栄養のためのトレード\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eマーケティングと宣伝慣行\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E健康的な食生活(Diet)を促進する食品価格政策\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E食品表示(Food labelling)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003E消費者需要・調理・嗜好\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul class=\u0022rteindent1\u0022\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E栄養教育と行動変化のためのコミュニケーション\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E栄養のための所得創出\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E栄養に配慮した社会保護\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E学校における食と栄養\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E栄養に配慮した人道的食料支援\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003E分野横断的な課題\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul class=\u0022rteindent1\u0022\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E栄養に配慮したバリューチェーン\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E女性のエンパワメントとジェンダー\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E食品廃棄物：防止・削減・マネジメント\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E質・安全性・衛生\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E詳しい内容に関しては、報告書原文を参照のこと。\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6983e.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/a-i6983e.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*　栄養に配慮した農業・食料政策やプログラム策定の為のFAOツールキットは、以下を含む。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EFAO (2015) Key recommendations for improving nutrition through agriculture and food systems \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4922e.pdf\u0022\u003Ewww.fao.org/3/a-i4922e.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EFAO (2016) Designing nutrition-sensitive agriculture investments：Checklist and guidance for programme formulation \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5107e.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/a-i5107e.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EFAO (2016) Compendium of indicators for nutrition-sensitive agriculture　 \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6275e.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/a-i6275e.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170508#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-05-08", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "世界銀行「世界開発指標から読み解く、持続可能な開発目標　アトラス2017年版（World Bank. 2017. Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2017:From World Development Indicators）」の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界銀行「世界開発指標から読み解く、持続可能な開発目標　アトラス2017年版」は、持続可能な開発目標(Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs)の達成に向けたトレンドと課題について、地図や図表を駆使し、視覚的な解説を試みている。本書はSDGsが対象とする17課題を網羅し、国・地域別に各SDG 達成に向けての進展度の把握を試みている。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "「持続可能な開発目標　アトラス2017年度版」は、17の持続可能な開発目標(Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs) の達成に向けたトレンドと課題について、地図や図表を駆使し、視覚的な解説を試みている。アトラスは、データソースとして、主に、世界銀行により編纂された、開発・生活水準に関する国際比較可能な統計をまとめた世界開発指標-World Development Indicators (WDI)に依拠している。\r\n\r\n SDGsが取り扱う広範な課題に配慮して、本書は、世界銀行の専門家が重要視する問題を選択的に扱わざるを得なかった。それでも、本書はSDGsが対象とする17課題 [貧困、飢餓、保健、教育、ジェンダー、水・衛生、エネルギー、経済成長と雇用、インフラ・産業化・イノベーション、不平等、持続可能な都市、持続可能な消費と生産、気候変動、海洋資源、陸上資源、平和、実施手段]を網羅し、国・地域別に各SDG 達成に向けての進展度の把握を試みている。\r\n\r\n2017年版アトラスでは、所得水準と地域、の2つの手法を用いて国をグループ分けしている。例としてSDG目標１[貧困]に関する記述を挙げる。1990年には世界人口の35％に相当する18億人が絶対的貧困に陥っており、その半数は東アジア・太平洋地域に集中していた。1990年から2013年までの間、東アジア・太平洋地域－とりわけ中国－と南アジアにおける絶対的貧困層人口の大幅な削減により、世界的にはおよそ10億人が絶対的貧困から抜け出すことができた。サブサハラアフリカでは一日1.90ドル以下で暮らす絶対的貧困に置かれた人々の相対的割合は減少傾向にあるものの、人口増により絶対的貧困層は1990年よりも1億1300万人増加して2013年には3億8900万人に増加した。このため現在、サブサハラアフリカは世界の絶対的貧困層の半数を抱えることになった。絶対的貧困の撲滅は現実的な目標ではあるが、持続的な成長と不平等の解消を前提とする。\r\n\r\nその他のSDGs目標・課題についても、世界的トレンドと地域間比較が試みられている。例として、栄養失調と発育障害は、食料廃棄物問題の顕在化にもかかわらず、1990年来半減し、感染症の負荷も減少傾向にある。他方、水へのアクセスは拡大したが、衛生状況の改善は遅々としている。多くの人々にとって、ヘルスケアと教育への支出は自己負担に依存している。経済成長の環境への負荷は増大・加速し、エコシステムへのダメージは累積している。インフラは拡充しているが、人口増が急速であるサブサハラアフリカのような地域では、都市の居住インフラや農村の道路アクセス問題が大きな課題である。政府予算・海外直接投資は金融危機後の落ち込みから回復しつつあるものの、政府開発投資はターゲット水準に達していない。\r\n\r\nより詳しい内容に関しては、報告書原文を参照のこと（https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/26306）。\r\nWorld Bank. 2017. Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2017: From World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1080-0. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO\r\n　 　 \r\nなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、世界銀行から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\r\n（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20170710#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-06-05", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "The Wheat Initiative\u0027s Expert Working Group and Scientific Board Meeting", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Wheat Initiative\u0027s Expert Working Group and Scientific Board Meeting", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/austria#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Austria", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "オーストリア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Austria", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 2017, the 13th International Wheat Genetics Symposium was held in Austria. The Wheat Initiative (WI), which is one of several G20-related networks for agricultural research, held six satellite/Expert Working Group (EWG) meetings and a Scientific Board meeting. JIRCAS, which is an active participant to the WI, sent two wheat researchers to the meetings. Dr. Tatsuya Ikeda (Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO) joined the second EWG meeting on improving wheat quality for processing and health, while Dr. Hirokazu Handa (Institute of Crop Science, NARO) joined the Scientific Board meeting.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more information, please refer to the activities of individual EWGs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(http://www.wheatinitiative.org/activities/expert-working-groups)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 2017, the 13th International Wheat Genetics Symposium was held in Austria. The Wheat Initiative (WI), which is one of several G20-related networks for agricultural research, held six satellite/Expert Working Group (EWG) meetings and a Scientific Board meeting. JIRCAS, which is an active participant to the WI, sent two wheat researchers to the meetings. Dr. Tatsuya Ikeda (Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO) joined the second EWG meeting on improving wheat quality for processing and health, while Dr. Hirokazu Handa (Institute of Crop Science, NARO) joined the Scientific Board meeting.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more information, please refer to the activities of individual EWGs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(http://www.wheatinitiative.org/activities/expert-working-groups)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170605#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-06-05", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "小麦イニシアティブ報告　2017年4月　オーストリア、ウィーン/トゥルン", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Wheat Initiative\u0027s Expert Working Group and Scientific Board Meeting", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/austria#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Austria", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "オーストリア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Austria", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際的な小麦共同研究のプラットフォームである小麦イニシアティブ（International Research Initiative for Wheat Improvement、略称WI）は、オーストリアで、専門家作業グループ（Expert Working Group：EWG）会合や研究理事会を開催した。小麦品質と安全性に関するEWGの第２回会合、研究理事会に国立研究開発法人　農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構の研究者が出席した。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際的な小麦共同研究のプラットフォームである小麦イニシアティブ（International Research Initiative for Wheat Improvement、略称WI）は、オーストリアで開催された第13回国際小麦遺伝学シンポジウム（International Wheat Genetics Symposium, 略称IWGS）にあわせて、サテライト会議として６つの専門家作業グループ（Expert Working Group、略称EWG）会合や研究理事会を開催しました。そのうち、小麦品質と安全性に関するEWGの第２回会合に国立研究開発法人　農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構(農研機構)　西日本農業研究センターの池田が、研究理事会に農研機構　次世代作物開発研究センターの半田が出席しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E１．小麦品質と安全性に関するEWG第２回会合\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E小麦品質と安全性に関するEWG第２回会合は、4月20日〜22日にオーストリア、ウィーンの天然資源および応用生命科学大学で開かれ、日本、米国、メキシコ、オーストラリア、イギリス、イタリア、オーストリア、スェーデン、スペイン、フランス、南アフリカ、ポルトガル、チュニジア、カザフスタン、ロシアの15カ国の27名（9名の非メンバーを含む）および、ゲストとして他の３つの専門家作業グループ（非生物的ストレスに対する小麦の適応、デュラム小麦のゲノムと育種、小麦情報システム）のリーダー3名が参加しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;この会合では、まず議長である池田からこのEWGの位置づけとこれまでの活動として、第１回会合の内容（https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/wheat-initiative-1stwg）、小麦のグルテニン遺伝子型の標準品種のCIMMYTジーンバンクによる共有化、デュラム小麦のゲノミックスと育種のEWGとのデュラム小麦の品質特性調査に関する連携、小麦情報システムのEWGとの合同研究会について報告しました。また、実質的に貢献できていないメンバーが多いことから、EWGの運営方法についての議論を行い、副議長のCIMMYTのGuzmanからの提案でメンバーの条件について検討することとしました。また、前回の会合に参加していないメンバーにより、米国、スペイン、チュニジア、カザフスタンでの研究紹介を行いました。その後、以下の分野に関する講演を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E小麦加工品質：加工に関するサブグループは参画者が少なく、活動が停滞しているのが現状です。この分野では、高付加価値化のための加工技術、加工の分子レベルでの構造理解が重要であり、EWGとして新たな共同研究と資金獲得を進めるためにこの分野の共通基盤を構築することを検討していくこととしました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eグルテン分析法の標準化：これまでグルテンタンパク質の分析方法は標準法がなく、研究者によって分析方法が異なることからデータの比較や遺伝子型の命名法に混乱が生じています。この問題を解決するため、研究室間で共通のサンプルを用いてグルテンタンパク質の代表的な手法であるSDS-PAGE法の比較を行うことを提案しました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eグリアジン遺伝子型解析のための標準品種セットの開発：グルテンタンパク質の中でも大半を占めるグリアジンはグルテニンに比べて分子種が多く、その解析が十分に進んでいませんでした。グリアジン遺伝子型の解析とその加工品への効果について発表があり、グリアジン遺伝子型解析のための標準品種セットを提案しました。今後このセットを共有し、グリアジンの解析を進めていくこととしました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E小麦アレルギーと関連疾患：アレルギーの原因となるプロラミンタンパク質遺伝子の同定や、小麦アレルギーと関連疾患の話題とともに、これらに対するEWGの活動について議論しました。今後、これら疾患を低減する小麦の遺伝資源のリストアップを行うこととなりました。また、アレルゲン量と組成の環境による影響について検討していくこととしました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eデュラム小麦のグルテニン遺伝子型命名法と標準品種セットの選定：これまでパン小麦についてはグルテニン遺伝子型とそれに対応した標準品種のセットが作られてきましたが、デュラム小麦は含まれていなかったことから、改めてデュラム小麦のグルテニン遺伝子型を解析し、標準セットを提案しました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E品質EWGの今後の活動について：今後の活動について、ネットワークを深めるためのヨーロッパのCOST actionへの応募や、我々の活動をFrontiers in Plant Scienceの特集号として出すことが提案され、今後議論していくこととしました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、今後連携を進めていく３つのEWGから以下の講演が行われました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eデュラム小麦のゲノミックスと育種：このEWGでは国際的な共同研究により現行品種であるSvevoの全ゲノム配列を解析しています。またコアコレクションとして960系統を選定しその特徴付けを進めており、我々のEWGもその一部について品質特性を解析することになっています。前述したデュラム小麦のグルテニン遺伝子型の標準品種のセットを彼らのコアコレクションに含めてもらうこととしました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E非生物的ストレスに対する小麦の適応：高温と乾燥ストレスの品質に対する影響とそのメカニズムの理解のため国際連携を図る試みと、この分野における遺伝子型と環境の相互作用の重要性について発表があり、今後このEWGとどのような連携が可能か検討することとしました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E小麦情報システム：全ゲノム情報を含む様々な小麦関連情報を統合し共有化に向けた調査・研究について発表があり、急速に増大するゲノム情報とGene Catalogueの遺伝子型情報の連携と、麦類（Triticeae）での遺伝子型命名法の統一についての提案がなされました。これについては、出張者を含む品質EWGのメンバーと昨年10月にミュンヘンのドイツ環境保健研究センターで共同の研究会を行い、その後もSkypeで定期的に議論を行っており、今年も研究会を開催する予定です。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれらの講演に加えて、今後取り組むべき課題について議論を行った結果、以下のようなことを進めていくこととしました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EEWGメンバーとしてのガイドラインを示し、各メンバーが活動内容ごとに参画するようにする。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E関連分野の学生を支援するためのコミュニケーションやトレーニングを進めていく。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E国際的な共同研究を行うためのプラットフォームの整備として、品質関連形質の標準品種を共有化し、その評価法の標準化を進めていく。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E品質における環境の影響を評価するため、国際的な試験を検討する。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E品質分野での総説を準備する。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E関連企業からのメンバーを増やし、コミュニケーションを深めていく。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E次回のEWG会合は、来年3月にメキシコで行われる第13回国際グルテン研究会に合わせて行うことが提案された。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E２．研究理事会\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E研究理事会に於いては、発足して５年が経過したWIの今後の運営に関する議論が中心となりました。理事会としては、活動自体は上記のEWGによる活動を始め順調に推移しているという認識を持っていますが、立ち上げの５年間に大きな運営支援してくれていたフランス国立農業研究所（INRA）のサポートの終了に伴い、今後の運営体制の再構築が問題となっていました。これについては、ドイツ農務省との協議で、今後５年間、ドイツ政府がWIのホストとなることで落着しました。今年末に予定されているベルリンへの事務局移転に伴って、WIの新しい運営体制がスタートすることとなります。また、これまで、国際小麦遺伝学シンポジウム（IWGS）と国際コムギ会議（International Wheat Conference）の二つのコムギに関する国際会議が並立していた状態をWIのイニシアティブの下に統合して、新たにInternational Wheat Congress（仮称）として、その第一回を2019年7月にカナダ・サスカチュワンで開催することを公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 2017, the 13th International Wheat Genetics Symposium was held in Austria. The Wheat Initiative (WI), which is one of several G20-related networks for agricultural research, held six satellite/Expert Working Group (EWG) meetings and a Scientific Board meeting. JIRCAS, which is an active participant to the WI, sent two wheat researchers to the meetings. Dr. Tatsuya Ikeda (Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO) joined the second EWG meeting on improving wheat quality for processing and health, while Dr. Hirokazu Handa (Institute of Crop Science, NARO) joined the Scientific Board meeting.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more information, please refer to the activities of individual EWGs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(http://www.wheatinitiative.org/activities/expert-working-groups)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170619#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-06-19", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アフリカ開発銀行「農業の潜在性を引き出せ－ 開発効果レビュー報告書2017年版 [African Development Bank. Annual Development Effectiveness Review 2017 :Transforming Africa — Unlocking agriculture’s potential]」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカ開発銀行「農業の潜在性を引き出せ－ 開発効果レビュー報告書2017年版」は、5つの投資重点分野： “High 5”－食料・電力・産業化・地域経済統合・生活改善、に関連する社会経済トレンドに照らし合わせつつ、アフリカ開発銀行の投資方針と投資効果について評価を行っている。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ開発銀行は、“High 5”と銘打ち、5つの投資重要分野 - 食料(Feed Africa)・電力(Light up and power Africa)・産業化(Industrialise Africa)・統合(Integrate Africa)・生活改善 (Improve the quality of life for the people of Africa)- を指定している。本報告書は、これら5つの重要分野に関連する社会経済トレンドを概観し、アフリカ開発銀行の投資方針と投資効果について評価を行っている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書は、とくに農業分野変革の必要性を強調している。近年アフリカ農業分野の生産性は改善傾向を示しているものの、投資リターンは他途上国地域に比べて低く、農民が貧困から脱却する上での足枷になっている。未だに2.11億人が栄養不良、5歳以下の子供の4人に1人が発育障害に陥っているだけでなく、紛争とガバナンス失敗に気候変動の影響が加わって飢饉に見舞われている地域もある(訳者注：2016末－2017年時点において、南スーダン、ソマリア)。また、貿易面でみると、都市化・人口増による食料需要の急増に伴う輸入が膨らむ一方、農業輸出は未だ原料・半加工品が中心で付加価値は低いままである。報告書は、農業を、人々にとっての生活の糧以上に、ダイナミックで持続的なビジネスとして転換させるために、効率性・生産性・競争力を改善するための投資の必要性を強調した。アフリカ開発銀行は、農業部門の近代化促進を目指し、政策・規制改革・ガバナンス整備や、High 5の重点分野である電力・産業化・地域経済統合と連携した農業分野インフラ投資方針についての戦略を提示している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、報告書原文を参照のこと （https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Development_Effectiveness_Review_2017/ADER__2017_EN.pdf）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfrican Development Bank (AfDB). 2017. Annual Development Effectiveness Review 2017 - Transforming Africa — Unlocking agriculture’s potential (ADER). Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、アフリカ開発銀行から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp class=\u0022rteright\u0022\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/proc/blog/20170627#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-06-26", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Summary of the 2017 Revision of the World Population Prospects", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Summary of the 2017 Revision of the World Population Prospects", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision, released by the United Nations on June 21, 2017, the world\u0027s population, currently 7.6 billion, is projected to reach 8.6 billion by 2030, 9.8 billion by 2050, and 11.2 billion by 2100, with population growth concentrated in the poorest countries, posing challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Socio-economic changes associated with population growth and demographics are expected to increase demand for food and the environmental burden of agriculture in developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision, released by the United Nations on June 21, 2017, the world\u0027s population, currently 7.6 billion, is projected to reach 8.6 billion by 2030, 9.8 billion by 2050, and 11.2 billion by 2100, with population growth concentrated in the poorest countries, posing challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Socio-economic changes associated with population growth and demographics are expected to increase demand for food and the environmental burden of agriculture in developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003EWorld Population Prospects: 2017 Revision\u003C/a\u003E, released by the United Nations on June 21, 2017, the world population, currently 7.6 billion, is projected to reach 8.6 billion by 2030, 9.8 billion by 2050, and 11.2 billion by 2100, due to population growth of about 83 million people per year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on the new population projections, the ranking of China (1.4 billion, 19% of the world\u0027s population) and India (1.3 billion, 18% of the world\u0027s population) will reverse by 2024, with India\u0027s population surpassing China\u0027s. Among the current top 10 countries, Nigeria\u0027s population growth is projected to be remarkable, overtaking the U.S. by 2050 to become the world\u0027s third most populous country from its current position of seventh. Between 2017 and 2050, half of the world\u0027s population growth will come from India, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Tanzania, the United States, Uganda, and Indonesia.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the 47 least developed countries (LDCs), population grew at an annual rate of 2.4% in 2010-2015, reflecting relatively high fertility rates of 4.3 children per woman. Although fertility rates in these countries are projected to decline gradually in the coming decades, the population of the least developed countries, which stood at 1 billion in 2017, is expected to grow by 33% to 1.9 billion by 2050. In particular, 26 African countries are expected to at least double their population between 2017 and 2050. The fact that population growth is concentrated in the poorest countries poses a major challenge to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, which include the eradication of poverty and hunger, the expansion of education and health systems, gender equality and the elimination of inequalities. Globally, the pace of population growth is gradually slowing due to declining fertility rates. In 83 countries, representing 46% of the world\u0027s population, fertility rates are below the level needed to renew the next generation (2.1 per woman). \u0026nbsp;Even in Africa, which has one of the highest fertility rates in the world, the fertility rate per woman declined from 5.1 in 2000-2005 to 4.7 in 2010-2015. The exception is Europe, where the fertility rate per woman increased from 1.4 in 2000-2005 to 1.6 in 2010-2015. While the global fertility trend is declining, the world, including Africa, is experiencing an increase in life expectancy and an aging population. The socio-economic impact of aging will be significant, and governments will face fiscal and political pressures to expand health care, pensions and social security. The trend of large-scale migration from low- and middle-income developing countries to high-income developed countries is also expected to continue: 3.2 million people moved from developing to high-income countries each year in 2010-2015, although down from 4.5 million per year in 2005-2010. In particular, 4.2 million Syrians moved to neighboring countries such as Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan in 2010-2015, with a significant socio-economic impact on the host countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more detailed information, please refer to the original data (https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/) or to the original report at\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003EWorld Population Prospects: 2017 Revision\u003C/a\u003E, released by the United Nations on June 21, 2017, the world population, currently 7.6 billion, is projected to reach 8.6 billion by 2030, 9.8 billion by 2050, and 11.2 billion by 2100, due to population growth of about 83 million people per year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on the new population projections, the ranking of China (1.4 billion, 19% of the world\u0027s population) and India (1.3 billion, 18% of the world\u0027s population) will reverse by 2024, with India\u0027s population surpassing China\u0027s. Among the current top 10 countries, Nigeria\u0027s population growth is projected to be remarkable, overtaking the U.S. by 2050 to become the world\u0027s third most populous country from its current position of seventh. Between 2017 and 2050, half of the world\u0027s population growth will come from India, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Tanzania, the United States, Uganda, and Indonesia.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the 47 least developed countries (LDCs), population grew at an annual rate of 2.4% in 2010-2015, reflecting relatively high fertility rates of 4.3 children per woman. Although fertility rates in these countries are projected to decline gradually in the coming decades, the population of the least developed countries, which stood at 1 billion in 2017, is expected to grow by 33% to 1.9 billion by 2050. In particular, 26 African countries are expected to at least double their population between 2017 and 2050. The fact that population growth is concentrated in the poorest countries poses a major challenge to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, which include the eradication of poverty and hunger, the expansion of education and health systems, gender equality and the elimination of inequalities. Globally, the pace of population growth is gradually slowing due to declining fertility rates. In 83 countries, representing 46% of the world\u0027s population, fertility rates are below the level needed to renew the next generation (2.1 per woman). \u0026nbsp;Even in Africa, which has one of the highest fertility rates in the world, the fertility rate per woman declined from 5.1 in 2000-2005 to 4.7 in 2010-2015. The exception is Europe, where the fertility rate per woman increased from 1.4 in 2000-2005 to 1.6 in 2010-2015. While the global fertility trend is declining, the world, including Africa, is experiencing an increase in life expectancy and an aging population. The socio-economic impact of aging will be significant, and governments will face fiscal and political pressures to expand health care, pensions and social security. The trend of large-scale migration from low- and middle-income developing countries to high-income developed countries is also expected to continue: 3.2 million people moved from developing to high-income countries each year in 2010-2015, although down from 4.5 million per year in 2005-2010. In particular, 4.2 million Syrians moved to neighboring countries such as Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan in 2010-2015, with a significant socio-economic impact on the host countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more detailed information, please refer to the original data (https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/) or to the original report at\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170626#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-06-26", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合「世界人口予測・2017年改訂版 [United Nations (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision.]」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Summary of the 2017 Revision of the World Population Prospects", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連「世界人口予測」は、現在76億人の世界人口は2050年に98億人、2100年には112億人へ達すると予測し、とりわけ最貧国に集中した人口増により、持続可能な開発目標(SDGs)の達成への課題を喚起する。人口増・人口動態に伴う社会経済変化は、食料需要を増加させ、途上国農業を取り巻く環境への負荷を増加させることが予測される。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision, released by the United Nations on June 21, 2017, the world\u0027s population, currently 7.6 billion, is projected to reach 8.6 billion by 2030, 9.8 billion by 2050, and 11.2 billion by 2100, with population growth concentrated in the poorest countries, posing challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Socio-economic changes associated with population growth and demographics are expected to increase demand for food and the environmental burden of agriculture in developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2017年6月21日に国連が発表した「世界人口予測2017年改定版」によると、毎年約8300万人の人口増により、現在76億人の世界人口は、2030年までに86億人、2050年に98億人、そして2100年には112億人に達すると予測されている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新たな人口予測に基づくと、中国(14億人・世界人口の19％)・インド(13億人・世界人口の18％)の順位が2024年までに逆転し、インドの人口が中国を上回るようになる。現在の上位10カ国の中では、ナイジェリアの人口増が目覚しく、2050年までにアメリカを追い越して現在の世界第7位から世界第3位の人口大国になると予測されている。2017－2050年までに、世界人口増の半分は、インド・ナイジェリア・コンゴ民主共和国・パキスタン・エチオピア・タンザニア・アメリカ・ウガンダ・インドネシア、の9カ国の人口増に起因すると予想される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E47カ国の後発開発途上国においては、2010－2015年の女性当たり4.3(fertility 4.3 per woman)と、比較的高い出生率を維持した結果、人口は年率2.4%で増加した。これらの国における出生率は今後数十年間で漸減することが予測されるものの、2017年時点で10億人である後発開発途上国の人口は、2050年までに33％増加して19億人に達すると予想されている。とりわけアフリカ26カ国では、2017年から2050年の間に人口が少なくとも2倍になると推定される。人口増が最貧困諸国に集中しているという事実は、貧困・飢餓撲滅、教育・保健システムの拡充、ジェンダー平等、格差解消、等、の持続可能な開発目標を2030年までに達成する上で、大きな課題を突きつける。 世界的には、出生率の鈍化により人口増加のスピードは漸減傾向にある。世界人口の46％を占める83カ国において出生率は次世代を更新するために必要な水準(女性あたり2.1)を下回っている。世界でも出生率の最も高いアフリカにおいてでさえ、女性当たり出生率は、2000－2005年の5.1から2010-2015年の4.7に下落した。ヨーロッパは例外的で2000-2005年から2010-2015年の間に女性当たり出生率は1.4から1.6に上昇した。世界的な少子化傾向の一方で、アフリカを含み、平均寿命の伸びと高齢化が進行している。高齢化が社会経済にもたらす影響は大きく、今後、各国政府は、ヘルスケア・年金・社会保障の拡充に伴う財政・政治的圧力に直面していくことになるであろう。 低・中所得途上国から高所得先進国への大規模な移民トレンドも続くことが予測される。2005－2010年の年間450万人からは減少したものの、2010－2015年の間、毎年320万人が途上国より高所得国へと移動した。とりわけシリアからは2010－2015年に420万人がトルコ・レバノン・ヨルダン等の近隣諸国へ移動し、受入国の社会経済に大きな影響をもたらしている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、元データ(https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/)、または以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248.\u003Cbr\u003E\r\nhttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、国際連合から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp class=\u0022rteright\u0022\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003EWorld Population Prospects: 2017 Revision\u003C/a\u003E, released by the United Nations on June 21, 2017, the world population, currently 7.6 billion, is projected to reach 8.6 billion by 2030, 9.8 billion by 2050, and 11.2 billion by 2100, due to population growth of about 83 million people per year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on the new population projections, the ranking of China (1.4 billion, 19% of the world\u0027s population) and India (1.3 billion, 18% of the world\u0027s population) will reverse by 2024, with India\u0027s population surpassing China\u0027s. Among the current top 10 countries, Nigeria\u0027s population growth is projected to be remarkable, overtaking the U.S. by 2050 to become the world\u0027s third most populous country from its current position of seventh. Between 2017 and 2050, half of the world\u0027s population growth will come from India, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Tanzania, the United States, Uganda, and Indonesia.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the 47 least developed countries (LDCs), population grew at an annual rate of 2.4% in 2010-2015, reflecting relatively high fertility rates of 4.3 children per woman. Although fertility rates in these countries are projected to decline gradually in the coming decades, the population of the least developed countries, which stood at 1 billion in 2017, is expected to grow by 33% to 1.9 billion by 2050. In particular, 26 African countries are expected to at least double their population between 2017 and 2050. The fact that population growth is concentrated in the poorest countries poses a major challenge to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, which include the eradication of poverty and hunger, the expansion of education and health systems, gender equality and the elimination of inequalities. Globally, the pace of population growth is gradually slowing due to declining fertility rates. In 83 countries, representing 46% of the world\u0027s population, fertility rates are below the level needed to renew the next generation (2.1 per woman). \u0026nbsp;Even in Africa, which has one of the highest fertility rates in the world, the fertility rate per woman declined from 5.1 in 2000-2005 to 4.7 in 2010-2015. The exception is Europe, where the fertility rate per woman increased from 1.4 in 2000-2005 to 1.6 in 2010-2015. While the global fertility trend is declining, the world, including Africa, is experiencing an increase in life expectancy and an aging population. The socio-economic impact of aging will be significant, and governments will face fiscal and political pressures to expand health care, pensions and social security. The trend of large-scale migration from low- and middle-income developing countries to high-income developed countries is also expected to continue: 3.2 million people moved from developing to high-income countries each year in 2010-2015, although down from 4.5 million per year in 2005-2010. In particular, 4.2 million Syrians moved to neighboring countries such as Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan in 2010-2015, with a significant socio-economic impact on the host countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more detailed information, please refer to the original data (https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/) or to the original report at\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20161024#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2016-10-24", "dc:date": "2016", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "第2回CGIAR System Council Meeting への参加", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/mexico#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mexico", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "メキシコ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Mexico", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "9月25日（日）、26日（月）に開催された第2回国際農業研究協議グループシステム理事会に岩永理事長が出席し、今後のCGIARとその傘下の15国際農業研究機関による地球規模の農業研究の方針が話し合われました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E9月25日（日）、26日（月）に第2回国際農業研究協議グループシステム理事会（CGIAR System Council meeting）が、メキシコシティーで開催され、理事国及びメンバー国の代表が集まり、今後のCGIARとその傘下の15国際農業研究機関による地球規模の農業研究の方針が話し合われました。このシステム理事会および理事国による事前検討会議に、岩永理事長が、日本の外務省及び農林水産省の担当官とともに出席しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本会議では、第1回システム理事会（2016年7月11—12日、フランス）で決定した作業方針の下、検討が行われてきた第２期CGIARリサーチプログラム（CRP 2nd Phase）の評価と、これを受けた予算配分方針が話し合われました。この会議で、岩永勝理事長は我が国を代表して積極的に議論に加わるとともに、TICAD VIをはじめとした日本の積極的な貢献についての報告を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E理事会ならびに事前検討会議には、GGIARドナー国／地域／機関、CGIAR System事務局、CGIARセンター等から関係者30名以上が参加し、ドナー国およびIndependent Science and Partnership Council（ISPC）によって評価が実施されてきた、CRP 2nd Phase提案書の検討が行われました。特にCRP 2nd Phaseの内容が、国連が定めた持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）及びGCIAR研究戦略（CGIAR’s 2016 – 2030 Strategy and Result Framework, SRF）で設定された世界の食料安定生産・供給に貢献するための目標達成に向け、1）研究課題およびその枠組みや予算の適切性や、2）課題間連携や研究資産の有効活用、3）目標とする成果やその評価など、多面的な検討が行われ、この結果をもとに11のシステムCRPおよび3つのプラットフォームCRPが2017年からの実施にむけて採択され、予算配分方針が決定されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20170720#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-07-20", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS attends First Partners Meeting of the Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA) ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS attends First Partners Meeting of the Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA) ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA), launched in Nairobi in August 2016 during the Sixth Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD VI), was created in order to help African governments accelerate the implementation of their nutrition policies. In line with this, the first IFNA Partners Meeting was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on May 18-19, 2017. This event provided an opportunity to share lessons and good practices as well as discuss the challenges based on a common understanding of IFNA\u0027s goals among partners, which include African governments, development partners, international organisations, research institutions, funding agencies, civil society organisations, and private corporations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe opening remarks were given by several prominent speakers, including H. E. Mr. Ato Tesfaye Mengiste, State Minister for Agriculture of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; H.E. Mr. Shinichi Saida, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to Ethiopia and the African Union; and Ms. Yvonne Chaka Chaka, Founder of the Princess of Africa Foundation. On behalf of the host country, Minister Mengiste stressed the urgency of implementing nutrition-sensitive approaches, including climate-smart agriculture and natural resource management, in improving food and nutrition security in African countries whose economies are heavily reliant on smallholder farming systems. Ms. Chaka Chaka, referring to herself as a mother of four children, appealed to the audience on the need to invest in children’s nutrition as an investment in future generations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the second day of the event, Dr. Masa Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, gave a brief presentation on JIRCAS’s research programs and activities related to improving food security, production, and nutrition in Africa. He was the first presenter among the invited partners. Other partners, including the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and other bilateral/international research institutions and NGOs, also presented their activities in relation to IFNA principles.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the poster session, Dr. Jun Furuya, JIRCAS Project Leader, presented to an interested audience the simulated impacts of climate change on global food supply-demand and on nutritional status in developing regions under various climate change scenarios. The simulation results are among the research outputs of JIRCAS Information Analysis Program .\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA), launched in Nairobi in August 2016 during the Sixth Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD VI), was created in order to help African governments accelerate the implementation of their nutrition policies. In line with this, the first IFNA Partners Meeting was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on May 18-19, 2017. This event provided an opportunity to share lessons and good practices as well as discuss the challenges based on a common understanding of IFNA\u0027s goals among partners, which include African governments, development partners, international organisations, research institutions, funding agencies, civil society organisations, and private corporations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe opening remarks were given by several prominent speakers, including H. E. Mr. Ato Tesfaye Mengiste, State Minister for Agriculture of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; H.E. Mr. Shinichi Saida, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to Ethiopia and the African Union; and Ms. Yvonne Chaka Chaka, Founder of the Princess of Africa Foundation. On behalf of the host country, Minister Mengiste stressed the urgency of implementing nutrition-sensitive approaches, including climate-smart agriculture and natural resource management, in improving food and nutrition security in African countries whose economies are heavily reliant on smallholder farming systems. Ms. Chaka Chaka, referring to herself as a mother of four children, appealed to the audience on the need to invest in children’s nutrition as an investment in future generations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the second day of the event, Dr. Masa Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, gave a brief presentation on JIRCAS’s research programs and activities related to improving food security, production, and nutrition in Africa. He was the first presenter among the invited partners. Other partners, including the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and other bilateral/international research institutions and NGOs, also presented their activities in relation to IFNA principles.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the poster session, Dr. Jun Furuya, JIRCAS Project Leader, presented to an interested audience the simulated impacts of climate change on global food supply-demand and on nutritional status in developing regions under various climate change scenarios. The simulation results are among the research outputs of JIRCAS Information Analysis Program .\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/node/16829#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-07-20", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS attends First Partners Meeting of the Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA) ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS attends First Partners Meeting of the Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA) ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": null, "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA), launched in Nairobi in August 2016 during the Sixth Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD VI), was created in order to help African governments accelerate the implementation of their nutrition policies. In line with this, the first IFNA Partners Meeting was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on May 18-19, 2017. This event provided an opportunity to share lessons and good practices as well as discuss the challenges based on a common understanding of IFNA\u0027s goals among partners, which include African governments, development partners, international organisations, research institutions, funding agencies, civil society organisations, and private corporations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe opening remarks were given by several prominent speakers, including H. E. Mr. Ato Tesfaye Mengiste, State Minister for Agriculture of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; H.E. Mr. Shinichi Saida, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to Ethiopia and the African Union; and Ms. Yvonne Chaka Chaka, Founder of the Princess of Africa Foundation. On behalf of the host country, Minister Mengiste stressed the urgency of implementing nutrition-sensitive approaches, including climate-smart agriculture and natural resource management, in improving food and nutrition security in African countries whose economies are heavily reliant on smallholder farming systems. Ms. Chaka Chaka, referring to herself as a mother of four children, appealed to the audience on the need to invest in children’s nutrition as an investment in future generations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the second day of the event, Dr. Masa Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, gave a brief presentation on JIRCAS’s research programs and activities related to improving food security, production, and nutrition in Africa. He was the first presenter among the invited partners. Other partners, including the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and other bilateral/international research institutions and NGOs, also presented their activities in relation to IFNA principles.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the poster session, Dr. Jun Furuya, JIRCAS Project Leader, presented to an interested audience the simulated impacts of climate change on global food supply-demand and on nutritional status in developing regions under various climate change scenarios. The simulation results are among the research outputs of JIRCAS Information Analysis Program .\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA), launched in Nairobi in August 2016 during the Sixth Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD VI), was created in order to help African governments accelerate the implementation of their nutrition policies. In line with this, the first IFNA Partners Meeting was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia on May 18-19, 2017. This event provided an opportunity to share lessons and good practices as well as discuss the challenges based on a common understanding of IFNA\u0027s goals among partners, which include African governments, development partners, international organisations, research institutions, funding agencies, civil society organisations, and private corporations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe opening remarks were given by several prominent speakers, including H. E. Mr. Ato Tesfaye Mengiste, State Minister for Agriculture of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia; H.E. Mr. Shinichi Saida, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to Ethiopia and the African Union; and Ms. Yvonne Chaka Chaka, Founder of the Princess of Africa Foundation. On behalf of the host country, Minister Mengiste stressed the urgency of implementing nutrition-sensitive approaches, including climate-smart agriculture and natural resource management, in improving food and nutrition security in African countries whose economies are heavily reliant on smallholder farming systems. Ms. Chaka Chaka, referring to herself as a mother of four children, appealed to the audience on the need to invest in children’s nutrition as an investment in future generations.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the second day of the event, Dr. Masa Iwanaga, JIRCAS President, gave a brief presentation on JIRCAS’s research programs and activities related to improving food security, production, and nutrition in Africa. He was the first presenter among the invited partners. Other partners, including the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the UK Department for International Development (DFID), the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and other bilateral/international research institutions and NGOs, also presented their activities in relation to IFNA principles.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDuring the poster session, Dr. Jun Furuya, JIRCAS Project Leader, presented to an interested audience the simulated impacts of climate change on global food supply-demand and on nutritional status in developing regions under various climate change scenarios. The simulation results are among the research outputs of JIRCAS Information Analysis Program .\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170720#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-07-20", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国連栄養常任委員会(UNSCN)「『栄養のための行動の10年』へのスポットライト [UNSCN NEWS 42: A Spotlight on the Nutrition Decade.」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連栄養常任委員会(UNSCN)によるUNSCNニュースは、国際栄養改善の分野で重要な課題に関する情報を提供している。今号は「栄養のための行動の10年(2016-2025年)」として、今後9年間で栄養失調を解決する為に必要とされる6つの行動分野 について特集している。中でも、「行動分野1: 健康的な食生活の為の持続的で強靭なフードシステム」は、生物多様性の有効利用、農作物の生物学的栄養強化(Biofortification)の役割に着目する。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国連栄養常任委員会(the United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition、UNSCN)によるUNSCNニュースは、国際栄養改善の分野で重要な課題に関する情報を提供している。今号は「栄養のための行動の10年(2016-2025年)」として、今後9年間で栄養失調を解決する為に必要とされる、以下の6つの行動分野 について特集している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 行動分野1: 健康的な食生活の為の持続的で強靭なフードシステム (Sustainable, resilient food systems for healthy diets)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 行動分野2: 基本的栄養介入の国民皆保障を目指した保健システム整備( Aligned health systems providing universal coverage of essential nutrition actions)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 行動分野 3: 社会的保護と栄養教育(Social protection and nutrition education)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 行動分野4: 栄養改善のための交易と投資 (Trade and investment for improved nutrition)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 行動分野5: 全世代の栄養改善を促進する環境 (Safe and supportive environments for nutrition at all ages)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 行動分野6: 栄養に関するガバナンスと アカウンタビリティ(Strengthening governance and accountability for nutrition)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E中でも、行動分野1は、生物多様性の有効利用、 バイオフォーティフィケーション(Biofortification)、の役割に着目している。農業における生物多様性は健康的な食生活を促進する上で欠かすことができず、(1)栄養に富む作物を対象とした地域に根ざしたバリューチェーン、(2) 公的・制度的な資源調達、(3)果物・野菜の入手可能性拡大、(4)生産・消費の多様化を促す適切な政策誘引、等の手段を通じて実現可能である。農業システムは長期的に人々が必要とするミネラル・ビタミンを供給する最も効果的で持続的な栄養改善手段であるものの、途上国の現状では需要に供給が追いついていない状況である。バイオフォーティフィケーション（ミネラルやビタミンを補強した農作物の開発と利用）の利点は、既に日常食されている食品の鉄分・亜鉛・ビタミンA等の微量栄養素を改良するため、生産者・消費者の行動変化や追加的費用を必要とせず、とくに貧困層の集中する辺鄙な農村地域での介入が容易になる点が挙げられる。その一方で、育種から実際の栄養効果が期待されるまでのタイムスパンが長期にわたることから、研究投資資金の調達にしばし困難を極めるという課題を抱えている。こうした状況の中、バイオフォーティフィケーション研究を国際的に牽引してきたハーベスト・プラス(HarvestPlus)プログラムの下での育種-栄養研究は、14年前の開始時期から30カ国で12作物に及ぶ100種以上の生物学的栄養強化品種を公開し、現在さらに25カ国で公開準備が進められている。作物の品種は現在のところ、国が定めた高収量・病害虫耐性という観点から認証されている。他方、現在までにミネラル・ビタミン含有量を基準とした認証システムは存在しないが、将来的に品種公開の基準として標準化されることが期待されている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNSCN News 42 – A Spotlight on the Nutrition Decade\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unscn.org/uploads/web/news/UNSCN-News-42.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unscn.org/uploads/web/news/UNSCN-News-42.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、国際連合から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190304#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-07-25", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Participation at the 26th World Outlook Conference", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Participation at the 26th World Outlook Conference", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/ireland#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Republic_of_Ireland", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アイルランド", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ireland", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Outlook Conference for this year was held in Ireland at the Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Teagasc) in suburban Dublin from 8 to 9 June 2017. Dr. Jun Furuya, a senior researcher of the Social Sciences Division, attended the conference on behalf of JIRCAS.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Outlook Conference for this year was held in Ireland at the Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Teagasc) in suburban Dublin from 8 to 9 June 2017. Dr. Jun Furuya, a senior researcher of the Social Sciences Division, attended the conference on behalf of JIRCAS.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Outlook Conference is an annual gathering of international organizations, such as the OECD and other national organizations such as the USDA, where representatives present their outlook for agricultural products in major producing and consuming countries and compare the results among participants.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Outlook Conference for this year was held in Ireland at the Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Teagasc) in suburban Dublin from 8 to 9 June 2017. Dr. Jun Furuya, a senior researcher of the Social Sciences Division, attended the conference on behalf of JIRCAS. He reported the results of his analyses using a world food model that is currently under development. He showed the regions that are prone to nutrient deficiencies (for each nutritional element) and are vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Outlook Conference is an annual gathering of international organizations, such as the OECD and other national organizations such as the USDA, where representatives present their outlook for agricultural products in major producing and consuming countries and compare the results among participants.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Outlook Conference for this year was held in Ireland at the Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Teagasc) in suburban Dublin from 8 to 9 June 2017. Dr. Jun Furuya, a senior researcher of the Social Sciences Division, attended the conference on behalf of JIRCAS. He reported the results of his analyses using a world food model that is currently under development. He showed the regions that are prone to nutrient deficiencies (for each nutritional element) and are vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170725#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-07-25", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "第26回世界食料見通し会合(26th World Outlook Conference)への参加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Participation at the 26th World Outlook Conference", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/ireland#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Republic_of_Ireland", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アイルランド", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ireland", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2017年6月8日と9日の二日間にかけて、アイルランド農業食料開発局(Teagasc)主催でダブリン市郊外において第26回世界食料見通し会合(26th World Outlook Conference)が開催され、JIRCAS社会科学領域の古家が参加し、開発中の新たな世界食料モデルの分析結果について報告しました", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Outlook Conference for this year was held in Ireland at the Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Teagasc) in suburban Dublin from 8 to 9 June 2017. Dr. Jun Furuya, a senior researcher of the Social Sciences Division, attended the conference on behalf of JIRCAS.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOECDなどの国際機関やUSDAなどの各国政府機関において、農産物の主要生産国や消費国の食料需給予測を行う代表者は、お互いの予測結果を検討するために、世界食料見通し会合(World Outlook Conference)を毎年開催しています。 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今年26回目となる世界食料見通し会合は、2017年6月8日と9日の二日間にかけて、アイルランド農業食料開発局(Teagasc)主催でダブリン市郊外において開催されました。我が国からはJIRCAS社会科学領域の古家が参加し、開発中の新たな世界食料モデルの分析結果について報告しました。 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E古家は、気候変動の影響評価が可能な世界食料モデルを用い、2040年代において各栄養素が不足する地域、および気候変動の影響を受けやすい栄養素と地域について解説しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Outlook Conference is an annual gathering of international organizations, such as the OECD and other national organizations such as the USDA, where representatives present their outlook for agricultural products in major producing and consuming countries and compare the results among participants.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Outlook Conference for this year was held in Ireland at the Agriculture and Food Development Authority (Teagasc) in suburban Dublin from 8 to 9 June 2017. Dr. Jun Furuya, a senior researcher of the Social Sciences Division, attended the conference on behalf of JIRCAS. He reported the results of his analyses using a world food model that is currently under development. He showed the regions that are prone to nutrient deficiencies (for each nutritional element) and are vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170727#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-07-27", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際食料政策研究所(IFPRI)「グローバル食料政策レポート・2017年版 [International Food Policy Research Institute. 2017 Global Food Policy Report.]」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際食料政策研究所(The International Food Policy Research Institute、IFPRI)は、毎年、食料政策にまつわる最新事情の概要と見通しに関する専門家の見解を「グローバル食料政策レポート」としてまとめている。2017年版報告書は、低・中所得国において、急激な都市化がもたらす食料安全保障・栄養改善の課題を特集している。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際食料政策研究所(IFPRI)は、毎年、食料政策にまつわる最新事情の概要と見通しに関する専門家の見解を「グローバル食料政策レポート」としてまとめている。2017年版報告書は、低・中所得国において、急激な都市化がもたらす食料安全保障・栄養改善の課題を特集している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第一章では、都市化する世界の食料安全保障と栄養問題に関連した、2016－2017年の食料政策のハイライトをまとめている。2016年は、栄養改善に関する多くの国際イニシアチブが発足、例として、第2回栄養学国際会議（ICN2）と持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）を踏まえ、「2016-2025年 栄養のための行動の10年」が宣言された。気候変動分野でも2015年COP21で協議されたパリ条約が2016年に発効した。さらに第3回ハビタット・サミットで167カ国より採択された新都市アジェンダ(the New Urban Agenda)により、都市化問題も重要な国際開発課題として浮上した。その他、G7による国際栄養課題への取組み, G20による持続可能な開発目標達成の為の農業イノベーション支援、アフリカ開発銀行による農業構造変容への戦略的重点の発表、など国際社会による食料安全保障・栄養改善へのコミットメント表明も行われた。2016年の機運を引き継ぎ、2017年、そしてそれ以降の急激な都市化が食料安全保障・栄養に与える影響を見据えていく必要がある。都市人口の増加分の90％はアフリカ・アジアに集中し、とくに中国・インド・ナイジェリアだけで2050年までに9億人の都市住民を抱えることが予測されている。農村・都市部双方において、食料安全保障・栄養を改善する上での最大の課題は、小規模農民を中心とする農業生産者と都市部消費者の間の連携の強化である。本報告書の各章は、農村・都市関係の強化を目的とした、戦略的な政策改善、バリューチェーン強化、都市間仲介、非都市部への投資、といったテーマについて論じている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書はまた、途上国農業研究投資・生産性・飢餓状況等の指標・トレンドなどIFPRIが編纂した詳細最新データや、IFPRI経済政策モデル(IMPACT)を用いたシナリオ分析に基づく食料安全保障・栄養の見通しを提示している。より詳しいデータベースは、政策関係者・研究者のためにオンラインで公開されている。本書は、最近の文献レビューをまとめたIFAD (2016)「サブサハラ・アフリカにおける農村-都市関係と フードシステム」（\u003Cu\u003Ehttps://www.ifad.org/documents/10180/b9021802-e3f7-4bd5-b0ea-760a8fbaabc2\u003C/u\u003E）と合わせて読むと興味深い。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EInternational Food Policy Research Institute. 2017 Global Food Policy Report. \u003Cu\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.ifpri.org/publication/2017-global-food-policy-report\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.ifpri.org/publication/2017-global-food-policy-report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IFPRIから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170727_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-07-27", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際農業開発基金（IFAD）「サブサハラ・アフリカにおける農村-都市関係と フードシステム(Rural-urban linkages and food systems in sub-Saharan Africa.)」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農業開発基金（International Fund for Agricultural Development、IFAD)による本報告書は、近年の都市化・所得増を背景とした食生活の変化により加工食品・肉製品・青果物への需要が急増しているトレンドを踏まえ、包括的で持続的なフードシステム促進のための農村と都市の関係、それぞれの役割について考察している。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際農業開発基金（International Fund for Agricultural Development、IFAD)による本報告書は、近年の都市化・所得増を背景とした食生活の変化に起因した加工食品・肉製品・青果物の需要が急増しているトレンドを踏まえ、包括的で持続的なフードシステム促進のための農村と都市の関係、それぞれの役割について考察している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E近年の急激な都市化を背景に、アフリカにおける農村社会経済が、持続的かつ包括的なフードシステムと雇用・所得機会を相互に生み出す農村-都市開発の好循環を生み出すための条件に関する政策議論が必要になってきている。とりわけ、小規模農民の生産性・所得向上と、若者世代の人口増・都市移動、に関連する課題に着目する必要がある。以下、アフリカにおける包括的・持続的なフードシステムを促進する為の優先的政策課題を挙げる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E農村・都市関係における、格差解消と連関強化・改善\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E農業バリューチェーンへの参入奨励・強化\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E都市と周辺地域を繋げる地域圏フードシステム・アプローチの推奨(city-region food system approaches)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E農村女性・若者・移民に焦点を当てた、フードシステムにおける雇用創出\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E生業の多様化、農村・都市移動、送金活動等に関する制度支援\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本書は主に文献レビューに基づいているが、IFPRI(2017)「グローバル食料政策レポート」（\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.ifpri.org/publication/2017-global-food-policy-report\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.ifpri.org/publication/2017-global-food-policy-report\u003C/a\u003E）のデータ分析と合わせて読むと興味深い。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFAD (2016) Rural-urban linkages and food systems in sub-Saharan Africa The rural dimension. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifad.org/documents/10180/b9021802-e3f7-4bd5-b0ea-760a8fbaabc2\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ifad.org/documents/10180/b9021802-e3f7-4bd5-b0ea-760a8fbaabc2\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IFADから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170904#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-09-04", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイ科学技術博覧会2017にJIRCASとタイの共同研究の成果を展示", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "8月17～27日に、バンコク郊外で開催されたタイ科学技術博覧会に、エビ混合養殖とタイ野菜の機能性の成果を展示", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003Eタイ王国バンコク郊外で、2017年8月17日（木）～27日（日）に、タイ王国科学技術省主催のタイ科学技術博覧会2017（Thailand National Science and Technology Fair 2017）が開催され、エビ混合養殖とタイ野菜の機能性の成果を展示しました。当博覧会は、子供たちに科学の面白さを知ってもらうことを目的とし、毎年開催されており、本年は11日間で100万人を超える来訪者がありました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003EJIRCASは、タイ王国の研究機関と共同研究を長年行っており、その成果を毎年展示しています。今年は、キングモンクット工科大学ラーカバン（King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang）と共同研究を行っているエビ混合養殖の開発の成果（参照：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2015_c12\u0022\u003E「タイ産の高い塩分耐性を持つ新規ジュズモ属緑藻によるウシエビの生産性向上」\u003C/a\u003E、「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/database/common_underwater_plants_coastal_areas_thailand\u0022\u003Eタイ沿岸の水中植物ウェブ写真図鑑\u003C/a\u003E」）と、カセサート大学食品製品開発研究所（Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University）と共同研究を行ったタイ野菜の機能性の解明の成果（参照：「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.affrc.go.jp/kankoubutsu/seika/seika2008/2008_20.html\u0022\u003E栽培時期等の調節によるタイ在来野菜の抗酸化性向上\u003C/a\u003E」、「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.affrc.go.jp/kankoubutsu/seika/seika2002/2002_17.html\u0022\u003Eタイ土着食用植物の抗変異原性と活性成分\u003C/a\u003E」、「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/database/Local%20Vegetables%20of%20Thailand\u0022\u003Eタイの地域野菜データベース\u003C/a\u003E」）を展示し、毎日、100名を超す来訪者に説明を行いました。特に、多くの小中学生に科学の面白さを伝えることができたと思います。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003E8月18日のOpening Ceremonyでは、JIRCASをはじめとする外国の展示ブース代表者へ出展協力への感謝の証として、タイ王国科学技術省Achaka Sriboonreung大臣よりトロフィーが授与され、その後、大臣がJIRCASブースに立ち寄られ、展示内容の説明をしました。また、8月23日に、Dr. Somkid Jatusripitak副首相がタイ科学技術博覧会を訪問された際、Achaka Sriboonreung科学技術大臣がエビ混合養殖について解説されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：松本成夫、2017年9月4日初掲載、2017年10月20日改訂）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20170926#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-09-26", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合食糧農業機関(FAO), 国際農業開発基金(FAD), 国連児童基金(UNICEF), 世界食糧計画(WFP), 世界保健機関 (WHO).「2017年世界食料安全保障・栄養白書： 平和構築・食料安全保障のためのリジリエンス構築[The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2017.Building resilience for peace and food security」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2017年9月15日に公表された「2017年世界食料安全保障・栄養白書」によると、慢性的栄養失調状態にある人々の数は2000年の9億人より漸減傾向にあったが、2015年から2016年に7億7700万人から8億1500万人に増加へ反転した。とりわけ紛争と旱魃・洪水などの天災の影響が重なったサブサハラアフリカ、南・東アジア、西アジア、の一部において、深刻な食料安全保障の悪化が観察された。こうした危機に対応するためには、緊急人道援助と長期的な開発・平和構築の送付による対応が必要とされる。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2017年9月15日に公表された「2017年世界食料安全保障・栄養白書」は、2030年までに世界から飢餓・栄養失調を撲滅する上で必要なアクションに言及する一方、食料安全保障・栄養に関するSDGs目標達成への進展度モニタリングの初の試みでもある。FAO主導の下で国連機関が協力することにより、本書は食料安全保障と栄養のリンクに関する包括的・世界的分析が可能となった。本白書のメッセージは、国際社会に対し、2030年までに飢餓・栄養失調なき世界を達成する野心に対する警鐘であり、解決のための新たな努力の必要性を訴えるものである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E慢性的栄養失調状態にある人々の数は2000年の9億人より漸減傾向にあったが、2015年から2016年に7億7700万人から8億1500万人に増加へ反転した。とりわけ紛争と旱魃・洪水などの天災の影響が重なったサブサハラアフリカ、南・東アジア、西アジア、の一部において、深刻な食料安全保障の悪化が観察された。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E児童の発育阻害は、2005年から2016年の間に29.5％から22.9％へ減少傾向にあるものの、5歳以下の1億550万人の子供が未だに影響を受けている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界中で紛争が増加傾向にある。気候変動の影響も相まって、紛争は食料安全保障に深刻な負のインパクトを及ぼし、食料安全保障危機悪化をもたらし、とりわけ近年再浮上した飢饉問題の直接的原因となっている。こうした危機に対応するためには、緊急人道援助と長期的な開発・平和構築の送付による革新的な対応が必要とされる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp wrap=\u0022\u0022\u003E【プレスリリース英語版】\u003Cbr\u003E\r\nhttps://www.wfp.org/news/news-release/world-hunger-again-rise-driven-conflict-and-climate-change-new-un-report-says\u003Cbr\u003E\r\n【プレスリリース日本語版】\u003Cbr\u003E\r\nhttp://ja.wfp.org/news/news-release/170915\r\n\r\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/a-I7695e.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/a-I7695e.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FAOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20171027#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-10-27", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "FAOアジア・太平洋地域事務所（Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific）のBlue Growth Initiative概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "FAOの重点活動であるBlue Growth Initiativeは、持続的な水産養殖の推進により、タンパク質供給増加、生計向上、水産資源・環境保全を図ることを目的としています。アジア・太平洋地域での活動概要をご紹介します。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EFAOは地域ごとに重点活動（イニシアチブ）を設けています。アジア・太平洋地域では、3つのイニシアチブを設けており、そのひとつがBlue Growth Initiativeです（http://www.fao.org/asiapacific/perspectives/blue-growth/en/）。これは、水産業の発展により、タンパク質供給源である魚の生産量を増加することにより食料と栄養の安全保障に貢献すると伴に、生計改善、持続的な水産資源の活用を目指しています。そのために、政策・戦略・行動計画の支援、農民の適応力・レジリエンス向上促進、革新的な技術による環境への負荷低減・疾病監視制御システムの構築、貧困農家への品質管理・持続性・市場アクセス改善の支援、森林・水・土地資源の適正管理の支援を行っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/a-i7862e.pdf\u0022\u003EBlue Growth Initiative\u003C/a\u003Eは、2014年3月のモンゴルのウランバートルで開催された第32回FAOアジア・太平洋地域会議で採択され、具体的な活動が、バングラデシュ、インドネシア、フィリピン、スリランカ、ベトナム、東ティモールで行われてきました。例えば、バングラデシュでは、高い収入が得られるエビ養殖が急速に広まりましたが、環境悪化、農業との競合が起こり、その対策として、持続的なエビ養殖の普及を強化してきました。具体的には、養殖エビの成育環境、地域環境、生物多様性のモニタリングシステムを構築し、持続的エビ養殖の効果を確認してきました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/a-i7808e.pdf\u0022\u003EThe 2030 agenda and the sustainable development goals: The challenge for aquaculture development and management\u003C/a\u003E（2030アジェンダと持続可能な開発目標：水産養殖開発と管理の課題）によると、SDGsのほとんどが水産養殖と関連があり、持続的水産養殖を推進するガイドラインやイニシアチブは広くSDGsを支援するとあります。貧困や飢餓の撲滅、誰一人残さない（Leaving no-one behind）、資源の有効利用と廃棄低減、レジリエントな水産養殖システム、生物資源の共同利用と保護、公正で生産的なバリューチェーンなど多岐にわたります。水産養殖開発のためには、適切な政策と計画、効果のある法律・規則、支援体制（トレーニングやアドバイスなど）、財政支援とインセンティブが必要で、持続的でなく技術、市場の不完全さ、不適切な社会的制約などの問題点を解決しなくてはならないことが指摘されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASでは、フィリピン、タイ、マレーシア、ラオス、ミャンマーにおいて、環境保全と収益性向上を両立する魚、エビ、貝、海藻を組み合わせた複合養殖技術の開発や、海域の生物による環境浄化技術、生態系と調和した持続的な漁場利用技術を開発しています。これらの研究開発は、栄養供給の改善、現地住民の生活水準向上を目指しており、FAOとの連携を強化することにより、Blue Growth InitiativeやSDGsへの達成に貢献することが期待できます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：松本成夫）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20171104#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-11-04", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイ王国プミポン・アドゥンヤデート前国王葬儀", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "タイ王国プミポン・アドゥンヤデート前国王の葬儀が10月25～27日に行われました。プミポン・アドゥンヤデート前国王は、タイ国民から敬愛され、タイの農林水産業の発展に力を注いでこられました。JIRCASはタイと長年共同研究を行っており、弔問に行って参りました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eタイ王国プミポン・アドゥンヤデート前国王の葬儀が、2017年10月25～27日に、行われました。タイ国各地で、弔問のための場所が設けられ、筆者は26日に弔問に行って参りました。数多くの国民が弔問に訪れており、会場に到着してから献花まで6時間半かかりました。プミポン・アドゥンヤデート前国王が如何に国民から慕われていたのかを感じました。弔問会場では、大型スクリーンで王宮及びサナームルアンでの葬儀の模様が中継され、葬儀に参列された秋篠宮ご夫妻のお姿も写っておりました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eプミポン・アドゥンヤデート前国王は、農林水産業の発展に力を入れられ、その基盤である研究、技術開発に力を注いでこられました。JIRCASは、タイの研究機関との共同研究を、前進の熱帯農業研究センターの時から47年間、行ってきました。タイの研究者と伴に、長期滞在をしながら、現地の問題解決のために研究、技術開発を行ってきました。日本の農林水産省が研究者を初めてタイに派遣したのが50年前です。そして、今年は日・タイ修好130周年に当たります。このように、タイとは長く深い交流があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責:松本成夫）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20171109#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-11-09", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合食糧農業機関(FAO)「2017年世界食料・農業白書：フードシステム発展を通じた、あらゆる人々が参加可能な農村構造転換の促進 [2017 THE STATE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE: LEVERAGING FOOD SYSTEMS FOR INCLUSIVE RURAL TRANSFORMATION]概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "低所得諸国においては、農業生産性の低迷と工業化の停滞により貧困・栄養失調が蔓延する一方、2030年までに25％の人口増加と、そのペースを上回る爆発的な都市化が予測され、貧困撲滅の高い障壁となり、立ちはだかっている。他方、都市住民による所得向上・生活習慣の変化に伴い、穀物から魚・肉類・乳製品・野菜・果物・加工食品への需要多様化の兆しが見られる。都市化は農業に絶好のチャンスをもたらしうるが、あらゆる人々が参加可能な農村構造転換を促進する上で、小規模農民の競争力と持続力を高めるための政策・制度支援が緊急に必要とされる。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E1990年代以来、多くの国において、農業生産性向上を通じた所得の向上・農村貧困削減・経済発展に伴い、農業から工業・サービス部門への雇用・GDP貢献度のシフト、という「構造転換structural transformation」が達成された。しかし、サブサハラ・アフリカと南アジアに顕在する低所得諸国は、未だに構造転換の好循環から取り残されている。最新の推計によると、低・中所得国において、17.5億人の人々が一日あたり3.1ドル以下で暮らし、5.8億人が慢性的な栄養失調状態に置かれている。これらの国では、2015－30年の間に人口が35億人から約45億人へと25％増加し、その倍のスピードで13億人から20億人への爆発的な都市化が予測されている一方、農業生産性は低迷し、工業化の展開も遅れ、飢餓・貧困撲滅を達成する上で厳しい現実に直面している。とりわけサブサハラ・アフリカ農村部においては、2030年までに15-24歳の若年層が9000万人超増加すると予測されている。これら若者の多くが経済機会が限定された農村から豊かな生活を求めて都市に出稼ぎに出ながらも、雇用機会にありつけないリスクに直面することが予想される。2030年までに低所得諸国において飢餓・貧困撲滅を達成するには、フードシステムの潜在的可能性を活用し、あらゆる人々が参加可能な農村構造転換を促進しなければならない。そのためには、アグロインダストリーの発展・関連産業での雇用機会創出と小規模農業の生産性・所得向上を通じ、拡大する都市における旺盛な食料需要に対応可能なフードシステムを確立することが最重要課題となる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E近年、途上国においても、都市化による所得向上・生活習慣の変化は、穀物から魚・肉類・乳製品・野菜・果物・加工食品への食料需要多様化の兆しが見られる。サブサハラ・アフリカでは、都市食料市場は2010年から2030年に、1500億米ドルから5000億米ドルへ拡大することが予測されている。したがって都市化は農業に絶好のチャンスをもたらす一方、大規模農家・加工・小売業者の台頭に対し、小規模農民の競争力と持続力を高めるための政策・制度支援が緊急に必要となる。とりわけ、小規模農民対象のインプット支援や持続的農業技術・金融・普及サービスアクセスの改善、農村雇用機会を創出するアグロインダストリー発展や地方都市と農村を繋ぐインフラ整備が求められる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u003C/a\u003E　（要約版やバックナンバーを含むページ）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/a-I7658e.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/a-I7658e.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　（全文版）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FAOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20171113#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-11-13", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国連砂漠化対処条約 (UNCCD) 2017「グローバル・ランド・アウトルック第一版 [The Global Land Outlook, first edition]」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2017年9月12日、国連砂漠化対処条約 (UNCCD) は、第13回締約国会議開催に合わせ、「the Global Land Outlook　第一版」を公表し、人智を駆使して有限な土地資源を持続的利用することの重要性を提起した。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E近年、食料・水・エネルギー及び地球上の生命体の維持に必要なエコシステムサービスを提供する土地資源に対する需要が高まり、生物多様性の喪失や気候変動の影響も相まって、土地資源の劣化が急速に進行している。過去20年間、主に土地・水資源の過剰・不適切利用により、地球上の植生の約20％に相当する地域において土地生産性の下落が続いている。およそ13億人が劣化した農地からの生産物で生計を立てていると推定され、とりわけ乾燥地域の劣化した農地で暮らす農民は経済開発の恩恵から取り残されてきた。短期的な経済利益の追求による土壌劣化・汚染を伴う土地利用に加え、現状の非効率なフードシステム --- 生産・流通・消費パターン ---　が、土地資源劣化の最大の原因の一つであり、人類の健康および環境を脅かしている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E我々は、土地資源は有限であるということを認識しなければならない。日常の消費・企業行動を見直し、トレードオフに配慮し、効率的で持続的な利用法を採択することにより、現状の土地資源の劣化傾向を食い止めるとともに、長期的な経済発展と「土地劣化の中立性」を両立し、持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）を達成することが可能である。世界的なアジェンダとして、土地権利の保障と並行して責任ある土地利用慣行の採択・普及を促すには、土地保有権の保障、ジェンター平等、適切な土地利用の誘引・報酬、などの政策・制度整備が求められる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://global-land-outlook.squarespace.com/the-outlook/#the-bokk\u0022\u003Ehttps://global-land-outlook.squarespace.com/the-outlook/#the-bokk\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、国際連合から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20171122#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-11-22", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "SEAFDEC 50周年記念式典に参加", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "SEAFDEC（東南アジア漁業開発センター）の50周年記念式典が11月15日にバンコクで開催され、参加してきました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003ESEAFDEC（東南アジア漁業開発センター）の50周年記念式典が、2017年11月15日にバンコクで開催され、ASEAN諸国や日本など多くの国から、300名近い人が参加し、JIRCASからは藤井水産領域長と松本地域コーディネータが出席しました。SEAFDECは東南アジア地域における漁業開発促進を目的として1967年に設立された地域国際機関で、水産資源の持続可能な開発と有効利用を目指して、訓練、調査、情報普及などを行っています。日本とASEAN 10カ国が加盟しており、日本はSEAFDEC設立以来、財政及び技術の協力を行っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003E式典では、タイ王国農業協同組合省Chatchai Sarikulya大臣の歓迎挨拶、SEAFDEC Council ChairpersonのMr. Abdul Halidi bin Mohd. Sallehの祝辞、日本国農林水産省香川謙二特別顧問が齋藤農林水産大臣の祝辞を代読、タイ王国Prajin Juntong副首相の祝辞、SEAFDEC 50周年記念誌の紹介を兼ねたSEAFDEC事務局長Dr. Kom Silapajarnのトーク、前SEAFDEC事務局長のDr. Deb Menasvetaの基調講演、SEAFDEC 50年の歴史を紹介するビデオがありました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp align=\u0022left\u0022\u003EJIRCASは、フィリピンにあるSEAFDEC/AQD（養殖部局）と、複数種を同時に飼育することにより環境保全と収益性向上を両立する養殖技術及び養殖用魚粉削減餌料の開発に関する共同研究を行っており、研究成果の社会実装に向けて現地関係者と連携して実用化に向けた実証試験を進めています。今後とも、熱帯域の生態系と調和した水産資源の持続的利用技術の開発を通じて東南アジアの水産業の発展に寄与するため、SEAFDECと協力していきます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：松本成夫）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_c", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "高付加価値化", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Value-adding Technologies", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20171130#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-11-30", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "小堀主任研究員がタイ農業局でサトウキビ白葉病IPMのセミナーを実施", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "JIRCASの小堀主任研究員が、タイ農業局において、サトウキビ白葉病に対するIPM体系確立を目的とした研究成果についてセミナーを行い、バンコクや地方の農業事務所等から多くの方が参加されました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASの小堀陽一主任研究員が、2017年11月27日に、タイ農業局において、サトウキビ白葉病に対するIPM（Integrated Pest Management総合的病害虫管理）体系確立を目的とした研究の成果についてセミナーを行いました。セミナーには、バンコク及び地方の農業事務所等から40名近くの専門官、行政官等が参加し、熱心に聞き入り、多くの質問がありました。翌日、タイ農業局のHPのトップページに、このセミナーの報告が掲載されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E小堀主任研究員は、病害虫防除プロジェクトにおいて、サトウキビ白葉病のIPM体系確立を目指して研究を行ってきました。サトウキビ白葉病はサトウキビの生産性を著しく低下させる深刻な病気です。特に2010年頃から分布域が拡大し、分布域におけるサトウキビ栽培の経済性が大きく低下しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eセミナーでは、サトウキビ白葉病を抑制する多方面の要素を総合的に管理する体制が提案され、各要素に関する研究成果と今後解明・開発すべき課題について説明されました。具体的には、白葉病の拡散経路、健全種茎の重要性、健全種茎生産のための手法、その根拠となる\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2015_b11\u0022\u003E媒介虫の移動分散能\u003C/a\u003Eなどの生態的特性、実証試験の実施状況、サトウキビ品種開発の方向性などです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサトウキビ白葉病のIPMを確立するために解明・証明すべき要素について、さらなる研究・開発が必要であることが共通認識として共有されました。今後も、多方面での協力を進めて行く必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "農産物安定生産", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Stable Agricultural Production", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20171211#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2017-12-11", "dc:date": "2017", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "「アフリカ稲作振興のための共同体（CARD）」運営委員会への参加", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/kenya#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kenya", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ケニア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Kenya", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2017年12月7日から8日にかけて、ケニア・ナイロビにおいて、日本政府・JICA等が推進する「アフリカ稲作振興のための共同体（CARD）」運営委員会が開催され、JIRCASも運営委員として、最終年度に向けた最終評価レポートの審議と次期フェーズの枠組みに関する議論に参加しました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 2017年12月7日から8日にかけて、ケニア・ナイロビにおいて、日本政府・JICA等が推進する「アフリカ稲作振興のための共同体（CARD）」運営委員会が開催され、JIRCASからは小山理事が参加しました。運営委員会は、JICA、JIRCASのほか、IRRI、NEPAD、World Bank、IFAD、FARA、AfDB、FAO、AfricaRiceから構成され、GIZ、WFPもオブザーバーとして参加しました。2009-2018年の第一フェーズでは、CARDの支援・助言により、ターゲット国の多くにおいてコメ増産（2倍）を促進するための政策枠組みづくりとして国別のコメ開発戦略(NRDS)が制定されましたが、アフリカ諸国にとって特定の作物への個別戦略の策定は新規的・画期的な試みでした。運営委員会では、第一フェーズ最終年度に向けた最終評価レポートの審議を受け、CARDの存在感と更なるコメ増産へのインパクトを高めるために、次期フェーズの枠組みについて白熱した議論が行われました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180131#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-01-31", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際農業開発基金 (IFAD) 2017「気候変動に対応できる農業と栄養問題解決の相乗効果を生み出せ [The Nutrition Advantage - Harnessing nutrition co-benefits of climate-resilient agriculture].」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "気候変動と栄養失調は、各々複雑な要因が絡み合い一筋縄では解決できないという点において、21世紀に国際社会が直面する中でも特に「厄介な問題」である。国際農業開発基金 (International Fund for Agricultural Development: IFAD) は、本報告書において、気候変動に対応できる農業への投資が、食料安全保障と栄養失調の根絶を同時に達成する可能性について論じる。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E気候変動の農業への影響と栄養失調への影響は深く関わり合っている。例えば、旱魃・病害虫・気温変動といった気候変化は、作物収量、とくに栄養価の高い食料の入手可能性に大きな影響をもたらす。同時に、栄養失調は、所得・資産の下落や身体的機能・知的能力の低下をもたらし、気候変動の下で人々の生活をますます困窮させる原因となる。気候変動・栄養失調の悪循環は、既に各々の影響が既に最も深刻であるサブサハラ・アフリカや南アジアのような地域において、特に深刻化しつつある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2つの課題に同時に取り組むためには、気候変動に対応できる農業を対象としたプロジェクトにおいて、フードシステム全般の改革や農業多様化推進を通じ、小規模農民が安定的な所得・栄養源を確保できるよう、配慮することが求められる。本報告書は、具体的なプロジェクト事例として、IFADの支援事業を紹介している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifad.org/documents/10180/087323a4-8415-47a7-9766-30c83f78fa1e\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ifad.org/documents/10180/087323a4-8415-47a7-9766-30c83f78fa1e\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IFADから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180201#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-02-01", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際農業開発基金 (IFAD) 2017「気候変動に対応できる農業と栄養問題解決の相乗効果を生み出せ [The Nutrition Advantage - Harnessing nutrition co-benefits of climate-resilient agriculture].」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "気候変動と栄養失調は、各々複雑な要因が絡み合い一筋縄では解決できないという点において、21世紀に国際社会が直面する中でも特に「厄介な問題」である。国際農業開発基金 (International Fund for Agricultural Development: IFAD) は、本報告書において、気候変動に対応できる農業への投資が、食料安全保障と栄養失調の根絶を同時に達成する可能性について論じる。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E気候変動の農業への影響と栄養失調への影響は深く関わり合っている。例えば、旱魃・病害虫・気温変動といった気候変化は、作物収量、とくに栄養価の高い食料の入手可能性に大きな影響をもたらす。同時に、栄養失調は、所得・資産の下落や身体的機能・知的能力の低下をもたらし、気候変動の下で人々の生活をますます困窮させる原因となる。気候変動・栄養失調の悪循環は、既に各々の影響が既に最も深刻であるサブサハラ・アフリカや南アジアのような地域において、特に深刻化しつつある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2つの課題に同時に取り組むためには、気候変動に対応できる農業を対象としたプロジェクトにおいて、フードシステム全般の改革や農業多様化推進を通じ、小規模農民が安定的な所得・栄養源を確保できるよう、配慮することが求められる。本報告書は、具体的なプロジェクト事例として、IFADの支援事業を紹介している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.ifad.org/documents/10180/087323a4-8415-47a7-9766-30c83f78fa1e\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IFADから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180213#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-02-13", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "農学知的支援ネットワーク(JISNAS)とワーゲニンゲン大学研究センターによるジョイントセミナー・ワークショップで講演", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/myanmar#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Myanmar", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ミャンマー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Myanmar", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/traveller", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "出張者", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Business Trip", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "ミャンマーのイエジン大学で開催された、農学知的支援ネットワーク(JISNAS)とワーゲニンゲン大学研究センターによるジョイントセミナー・ワークショップにおいて、サトウキビ白葉病の総合的病害虫管理体系開発に関する研究についての講演を行いました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCASの小堀陽一主任研究員は、2018年2月3日から4日にイエジン農業大学（ミャンマー）で開催された、\u0026lt;農学知的支援ネットワークとワーゲニンゲン大学研究センターによるジョイントセミナー・ワークショップ “\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.jisnas.com/report/404.html\u0022\u003EIPM Seminar and Workshop on Improvement of Agricultural Research and Application（農学研究およびその応用力向上のための総合的病害虫管理に関するセミナーおよびワークショップ）\u003C/a\u003E”に出席し、基調セッションにおいて講演を行いました。セミナーには、イエジン農業大学の教官および学生のほか、ミャンマーの農学研究者など200名以上が参加し、熱心に聞き入り、多くの質問がありました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E小堀主任研究員は“Development of IPM System for Sugarcane White Leaf Disease based on the Ecology of the Vector Insects（媒介虫の生態を基礎としたサトウキビ白葉病の総合的病害虫管理体系の開発）”という講演で、仮説の立て方とその検証方法およびデータの解析法を考えるための実例として、サトウキビ白葉病の総合的病害虫管理体系開発に関する研究を紹介しました。サトウキビ白葉病は、感染したサトウキビを種茎として定植する場合のほか、媒介虫によっても拡散され、治療法が開発されていないため、サトウキビの生産性を著しく低下させる深刻な病気です。近年、その分布域が拡大し、分布域におけるサトウキビ栽培の経済性が大きく低下しています。講演後の質疑応答においても、発病株の空間分布を解析する統計手法や研究に使用された機材の詳細など、イエジン農業大学の研究能力の向上に役立つ情報を提供しました。また、ミャンマーにおけるサトウキビ白葉病の被害状況について情報交換を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "農産物安定生産", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Stable Agricultural Production", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180221#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-02-21", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アフリカ緑の革命のための同盟（AGRA）2017「2017年 アフリカ農業現況報告 －サブサハラ・アフリカ小規模農業ビジネス戦略 [Africa Agriculture Status Report 2017 -The Business of Smallholder Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa].」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカでは、大多数の農民が平均2ヘクタールに満たない土地で小規模農業を営んでいる。コメ・小麦の自給達成に重点投資を行ったアジアの「緑の革命」とは対象的に、アフリカ農業革命は、多様な作物・農業システム・環境に対し、拡大する貿易・フードシステムの機会を捉え、小規模農民の発展・雇用創出・所得向上を中心に据えた、包括的なアプローチが必要である。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカでは、大多数の農民が平均2ヘクタールに満たない土地で小規模農業を営んでいる。農業は経済発展の基盤であるが、アフリカでは何故これまで農業近代化と生産性向上に成功してこなかったのだろうか。「緑の革命」が成功したアジアでは、コメと小麦の自給達成を目標とした育種と灌漑整備への重点投資により、広大な地域に標準技術を普及させることが可能であった。これに対し、アフリカ農業は、多様な作物・天水依存農業システム・農村インフラ未整備、といった制約に変革を阻まれてきた。アフリカ農業の革命には、多様な作物・農業システム・環境に対応する必要がある。さらに、21世紀のアフリカ農業を取り巻く状況は、アジアが「緑の革命」を達成した時代とは、以下の点で大きく異なっている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界の食料貿易はグローバルゼーションが進展し、アフリカ諸国は自給のみにこだわらず、自国の資源・輸出機会に応じた農業作物生産に特化しつつ、自国で生産された作物と貿易との組合せで食料需要を満たすことが可能である\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eアフリカのフードシステムは近年の都市化・所得向上・食生活の変化に応じて急速に進化している。フードシステムを経由し供給される食料の量は、1970年代から現在まで6-8倍に増加し、食料消費者価格を構成するコストの40-70％が加工・卸売・小売分野に起因すると推定されている。中小規模ビジネスを中心とした農業・フードシステム関連部門のGDP貢献度は20％前後に上り、種子・肥料・家畜用薬品や農業機械などの民間ディーラーの活躍も著しく、投資・雇用創出に大きく貢献している。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eアフリカの多くの地域で2050年まで農村人口は増加し続けると予測されており、人口密度が既に逼迫している地域では、土地資源劣化と農地細分化の圧力が高まり、土地を巡る緊張が高まる。農村の若年層は農業に代わる経済機会を求め、都市に移動するが、雇用機会は十分でない。農業・フードシステムにおいて、生産的で魅力的な雇用機会を創造することが、極めて重要な開発課題として浮上する。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E開発アジェンダも時代とともに変遷する。「緑の革命」時代は食糧安全保障が究極の目標であったが、今日の国際社会の課題は持続可能な開発目標(SDGs)の枠組みの下、経済・環境・社会的目標を同時に達成することである。とりわけ農業・フードシステムでは、栄養・健康の改善が新たな重要課題である。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E以上を踏まえると、アフリカの農業革命は、食料生産のみに焦点を当てるだけでは不十分で、小規模農民の発展・雇用創出・所得向上を中心に据えた包括的なフードシステムの確立が必要となる。現在、アフリカ全体で、2ヘクタール以下の小規模農民は全農業生産の30％、4-20haの農家は50％を生み出しているとされ、十分な機会と誘導が与えられれば、大規模農家にも匹敵する競争力を持って農業革命に貢献しうる。勿論、全ての小規模農民が同じスタート地点に立てるわけではない。本報告書は、小規模農民をビジネス能力・条件ごとに分類し、適性に応じた支援を行うことで、効率的な農業・フードシステム変革への戦略を提案する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://agra.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Final-AASR-2017-Aug-28.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://agra.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Final-AASR-2017-Aug-28.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、AGRAから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180221_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-02-21", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合食糧農業機関(FAO) 2017「2017年 アフリカ地域 食料安全保障・栄養状況概観 - 食料安全保障・栄養危機と紛争の悪循環を断ち切るための強靭性構築 [Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in Africa 2017. The food security and nutrition–conflict nexus: building resilience for food security, nutrition and peace", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "サブサハラ・アフリカでは、紛争や旱魃を引き金に、栄養不足に陥っている人々の割合は近年増加傾向に転じている。世界の栄養失調人口の半数以上が紛争地域に居住する中、アフリカは、とくに激しい紛争地の3分の１、また長期化紛争を抱える国の７割を抱えている。食料安全保障・栄養危機と紛争の関係を断ち切り、平和構築を達成するためには、政策フレームワーク整備と投資戦略実施のための資源・制度強化が早急に必要とされる。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eサブサハラ・アフリカにおいて、栄養不足に陥っている人口の割合は、21世紀最初の十年で29.1%から20.6%まで減少したものの、2015－2016年には2億人から2.24億人へと22.7％へ再び上昇に転じた。2016年で8.15億人と推定される世界的に栄養不足に苦しむ人々の4人に1人（25％）がアフリカにいる計算になる。主な原因は、紛争やエルニーニョ等に起因する旱魃が引き起こした不作・家畜の損失によるものである。紛争は農村における農業生産・フードシステムを破壊し、緊急かつ慢性な食料危機・栄養失調をもたらす。紛争地域における栄養失調率は、そうでない地域の２倍とも推定されている。世界の栄養失調人口の半数以上(4.89億人)が紛争地域に居住する中、世界でも最も激しい紛争の3分の１以上がアフリカで起こっており、また長期化する紛争を抱える国の７割がアフリカ地域に存在する。とくに紛争の影響が大きい地域は、ナイジェリア北東部、南スーダン、ソマリアであり、1580万人が影響を受けたと推定される。アフリカ全体の栄養失調人口の地域的分布の観点では、東アフリカの割合が大きい。食料安全保障の危機・栄養失調は、また、紛争を伴う社会政治不安の温床となり、気候変動の影響も相まって、人道危機の原因をさらに複雑化させる。アフリカ諸国を代表するアフリカ連合は、食料安全保障・栄養改善に関して、国連の持続可能な開発目標(SDGs)の目標2や『栄養のための行動の10年』(Decade of Action on Nutrition 2016-2025)の他、独自に飢餓の撲滅と貧困の半減への目標を設定している。とくにマラボ・コミットメント(2014 Malabo commitment)は、2025年までに飢餓の撲滅・低体重(stunting -10%以下)・低体重(underweight - 5%以下)削減達成を目指している。アフリカ諸国が食料安全保障・栄養の危機と紛争の関係を断ち切り、平和構築を達成するためには、食料・栄養に関わるマルチセクターでの介入を支援する政策フレームワークと投資戦略を支える資源・制度的キャパシティー強化等の支援が必要となる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/a-I7695E.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/a-I7695E.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FAOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180417#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-04-17", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "世界銀行2018「世界の富の推移2018－持続可能な未来をつくる [The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018 : Building a Sustainable Future].」概要 ", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界各国は、経済状況の指標としてGDPを定期的に報告している。他方、インフラ・森林・鉱物資源・人的資源など、持続的経済成長を生み出す源泉である様々な富・資本についても、信頼しうる指標に基づいてモニターする必要性が指摘されてきた。「2世界の富の推移2018－持続可能な未来をつくる」 は、過去20年の富の推移を世界及び地域ごとに概観し、富が開発パターンに与える影響について実際の分析例を提示する。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界各国は、経済状況の指標としてGDPを定期的に報告している。他方、インフラ・森林・鉱物資源・人的資源など、持続的経済成長を生み出す源泉である様々な富・資本についても、信頼しうる指標に基づいてモニターする必要性が指摘されてきた。「世界の富の推移2018－持続可能な未来をつくるThe Changing Wealth of Nations 2018: Building a Sustainable Future」 は、141カ国の富---19種類に及ぶ自然資源資本・純海外資産・人的資本等を総計かつジェンダー・雇用タイプ毎に集計-- の推移を20年間 (1995-2014) にわたりカバーする。富の推計方法は2006年の初版から改良を重ね、本版では自然資源資本の推計が大幅に向上したほか、初めて世帯調査に基づく生涯収入に基づいて人的資本を推計している。本書は、まず過去20年の富の変遷を世界・地域ごとに概観し、富が開発パターンにどれ程影響を及ぼすのか実際の分析例を提示する。また、幾つかの章を割いて、人的資本の新たな指標が開発政策に応用可能か検討する一方、まだ十分に分析に取り込まれていない自然資源資本の要素 – 大気汚染・海洋漁業・エコシステム－について議論する。本書は、政策策定者のみならず、持続的な地球の未来構築に携わる全ての関係者を対象とする。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E以下、本書の主な結論を挙げる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 1995－2014年の間、世界の富は大幅に増加した。主にアジアでの急速な経済成長に伴い、中所得国は飛躍を遂げる一方、全体的な富の格差は解消されていない。富の指標の推移を追跡することで、全ての国にとって懸念事項である開発の持続性についてモニターすることが可能となる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 全世界で富の総量は増加したが、一人当りでは向上が見られない。低所得国、とりわけサブサハラアフリカにおいては、人口増が投資のスピードを上回り、一人当りの富は低下した。この結果、サブサハラ諸国は、今後一人当り所得の維持・成長において困難に直面することが予想される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 個人の生涯収入価値で測定する人的資本は、世界的にみても、最も重要な富の源泉である。一人当り人的資本は、低・低～中所得国で増加傾向にある一方、高・中～高所得国では高齢化と賃金上昇率の停滞のために総資本に占める人的資本の割合は減少傾向にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 女性の人的資本への貢献は、相対的に低い [収入・労働市場への参加・労働時間] のために、4割以下に甘んじている。女性の収入改善により、人的資本を18％改善させることが期待される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•経済発展水準は、国の富の構成と強い相関がある。低所得国（2014年時点で47％を占める）において、自然資源資本は富の最大の構成要素(4分の1以上)である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 豊かになるには自然資源資本を流動化して他の資本を構築すればよい訳ではない。2014年において、OECD加盟の高所得国において、自然資源資本は全体の富の3％にすぎないにもかかわらず、一人当りでは低所得国の3倍量に相当する資本を有した。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 全体的な富の増加・経済成長は、より効率的な自然資源資本（鉱物資源など）の活用と収入のインフラ・教育への投資、によって促進される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 農業用地・森林・保護区等の再生可能な資源は、持続的な管理によって恒久的な利益を生み出すことが可能である。低・中所得国において、人口増に伴い再生可能な資本の貨幣価値は倍増しており、とくに森林に比べ農業用地の価値上昇は著しい。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E• 再生可能な資源とは対照的に、再生不可能な資源である化石燃料や鉱物資源は、経済開発のために一回限りの資金調達機会しか提供しない。1995年以来低所得にとどまる国の3分の2近くは、資源が豊富、または政情不安で脆弱な国家、あるいはその両方、に分類される。この事実は、豊富な資源は開発を保証せず、それら資源からの利益が一度に消費されず一部投資されることを可能にするための、強固な制度とグッド・ガバナンスが必要であることを示唆する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•所得を測るGDPと補完的に、開発の持続性を測る富についてもモニターしていく必要がある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E“Lange, Glenn-Marie; Wodon, Quentin; Carey, Kevin. 2018. The Changing Wealth of Nations 2018 : Building a Sustainable Future. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/29001 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EURI \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29001\u0022\u003Ehttp://hdl.handle.net/10986/29001\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、世界銀行から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180427#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-04-27", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "世界銀行2018「気候変動が引き起こす人口移動のうねり [Groundswell: Preparing for Internal Climate Migration]」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "本報告書は、深刻化する気候変動の影響を受け、サブサハラアフリカ・南アジア・ラテンアメリカの３地域において、2050年までに1.43億人が国内での移住を余儀なくされるとの予測を示す。また、気候変動の影響を受けて人口が流出する地域だけでなく、より安定的な気候条件や雇用機会を求めて人口が流入する地域についても予測する。さらに、温暖化ガスの削減策や堅実な経済開発の実行によって最悪のケースを回避する可能性についても提示する。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E近年、国境を超えた移民問題の影響が国際的にクローズアップされてきたが、むしろ国内での人口移動の方が遥かに大きな規模であることが認識されるようになった。国内で人々が移動する理由は、経済・社会・政治・環境など多様であるが、最近は気候変動の要素が重要性を増しつつある。より多くの人が安定した暮らしを求めて、気候変動に脆弱な地域から、農業適地や就業機会に恵まれた地域へ移動している。人口移動の規模とパターンを理解することは、途上国の開発計画策定において重要な意義を持つ。本書は、世界の開発途上国の人口の55％を占めるサブサハラアフリカ・南アジア・ラテンアメリカの３地域において、2050年までに気候変動に起因する国内での人口移動の動向予測について報告する。気候変動と経済開発に適切な手段が講じられなければ、地域人口の2.8%に相当する1.43億人以上の人々が、水不足・作物の不作・海面の上昇・災害の頻発、等の理由によって、移動を余儀なくされると推計する。生活に不利な土地からの移動を強いられた人々が向かうのは、農業適地や経済機会に恵まれた都市である。例えばインドではバンガロールとチェンナイ周辺の南部高地、中米ではメキシコ・シティやグアテマラシティ周辺の中央台地、ケニアではナイロビである。こうした人口移動トレンドは、温暖化ガスの早急な削減や雇用機会・産業の多様化をもたらす経済開発が実現されなければ、人口流入地域において、インフラや社会保障システムの不足といった問題を引き起こす。本書では、とくに移動パターンがそれぞれ特徴的な東アフリカ（かつ、国レベルでの事例として、エチオピア）・南アジア（バングラデシュ）・中米地域（メキシコ）、を事例として、人口動態・社会経済・気候データを用い、人口移動の空間分析を行った。さらに、政策策定者の意思決定に寄与することを想定し、不確実性も加味した上で「悲観的現状維持ケース(高い温暖化ガス排出水準・不均衡な経済発展パターン)」・「包括的経済発展ケース(高い温暖化ガス排出水準・より平等な経済発展パターン)」・「気候変動対応ケース(温暖化ガス削減・平等な経済発展パターン)」の3つのシナリオを提示している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E“Rigaud, Kanta Kumari; de Sherbinin, Alex; Jones, Bryan; Bergmann, Jonas; Clement, Viviane; Ober, Kayly; Schewe, Jacob; Adamo, Susana; McCusker, Brent; Heuser, Silke; Midgley, Amelia. 2018. Groundswell : Preparing for Internal Climate Migration. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/29461 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO”\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EURI http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29461\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、世界銀行から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180515#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-05-15", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際食糧政策研究所(IFPRI)「グローバル食料政策レポート・2018年版 [International Food Policy Research Institute. 2018 Global Food Policy Report.]」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際食糧政策研究所(The International Food Policy Research Institute = IFPRI)「グローバル食料政策レポート」は、食料政策にまつわる最新事情の概要と見通しに関する専門家の見解をまとめている。2018年版報告書は、国際貿易の動向と世界食料・栄養安全保障問題について概観する。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2017年は、国際貿易を巡る情勢に関して、進歩と不確実性の増大が入り混じった年であった。世界経済は停滞期を乗り越えて回復を見せた一方、紛争や飢饉・難民危機による飢餓問題が深刻化した。また世界的に反グローバリゼーションの機運が高まり、アメリカやイギリスでの保護主義台頭や世界貿易機構（WTO）閣僚会議で共同宣言の合意に至らなかったエピソードなど、世界貿易・投資・人々の移動を脅かした。こうした動向は、世界的に食料・栄養安全保障を達成しようとする努力にも暗い影を落としかねない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2018年、世界経済はとりわけ新興国の影響を受けて成長が予測されるが、昨今の反グローバリゼーションは貿易・投資・移民動向に影響を与え、政治・経済的に不確実な状況を醸成するであろう。健全なフードシステムの実現には、グローバリゼーションから目を逸らさず、その欠点を修正しつつ、商品・投資・人材・知識の自由な流れによる利益を最大化するための努力が必要である。より開かれ、透明性を維持し、包括的なフードシステムには、とりわけ研究・革新・エビデンスベースドポリシーへの投資が必要である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EInternational Food Policy Research Institute. 2018. 2018 Global Food Policy Report. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896292970\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IFPRIから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/proc/blog/20180523#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-05-23", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "According to the 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects, the proportion of the world\u0027s population that is urban, which is 55% today, is projected to increase to 68% by 2050, with 90% of the additional 2.5 billion people concentrated in Asia and Africa. In the context of the global urbanization trend, sustainable development will depend on responding adequately to urban expansion in low-income and lower-middle-income countries, which are projected to urbanize most rapidly by 2050. Improving the livelihoods of both rural and urban populations will require balanced policies while strengthening urban-rural, economic, social and environmental linkages.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "According to the 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects, the proportion of the world\u0027s population that is urban, which is 55% today, is projected to increase to 68% by 2050, with 90% of the additional 2.5 billion people concentrated in Asia and Africa. In the context of the global urbanization trend, sustainable development will depend on responding adequately to urban expansion in low-income and lower-middle-income countries, which are projected to urbanize most rapidly by 2050. Improving the livelihoods of both rural and urban populations will require balanced policies while strengthening urban-rural, economic, social and environmental linkages.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIn 2018, 55% of the world\u0027s population lives in urban areas; in 1950, only 30% of the world\u0027s population lived in urban areas; by 2050, the urban population is projected to reach 68%.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EThe most urbanized regions today are North America (82% urbanized in 2018), Latin America and the Caribbean (81%), Europe (74%), and Oceania (68%). Asia\u0027s urbanization rate is now approaching 50%, while Africa, which still has a large rural population, is only 43% urbanized.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe world\u0027s rural population, which has been growing slowly since 1950 and now stands at 3.4 billion, is expected to peak in a few years and reach about 3.1 billion by 2050. Africa and Asia are home to 90% of the world\u0027s rural population. India is the largest (893 million), followed by China (578 million).\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s urban population grew rapidly from 751 million in 1950 to 4.2 billion in 2018. Today, Asia has 54% of the world\u0027s urbanized population, although it is relatively less urbanized than the rest of the world (Europe and Africa are next at 13% each).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EGrowth in the urbanized population is projected to come from both net population growth and rural-urban migration, with the urban population expected to increase by 2.5 billion by 2050, with nearly 90% of this growth occurring in Asia and Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIndia, China and Nigeria alone are projected to account for 35% of global urban population growth between 2018 and 2050. The projected urban population increases are 416 million in India, 255 million in China, and 189 million in Nigeria.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ENearly half of the world\u0027s urban population lives in cities with less than 500,000 inhabitants, while one in eight people live in 33 megacities with more than 10 million inhabitants. By 2030, the world is expected to have 43 megacities, most of them in developing regions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EToday, the Tokyo metropolitan area is the world\u0027s largest city with 37 million people, followed by Delhi (29 million), Shanghai (26 million), Mexico City and Sao Paulo (22 million each). The populations of Cairo, Mumbai, Beijing, and Dhaka are already in the 20 million range.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, some cities are experiencing population decline in countries with low fertility rates and stagnant populations, such as in Asia and Europe.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESustainable urbanization is the key to development\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EIn the context of global urbanization trends, sustainable development depends on responding adequately to urban expansion in low-income and lower-middle-income countries, where urbanization is projected to be most rapid by 2050. Improving the livelihoods of both rural and urban populations requires balanced policies that strengthen urban-rural, economic, social and environmental linkages.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more detailed information, please refer to the original data (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/)、\u0022\u003Ehttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/\u003C/a\u003E) or to the original report at\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIn 2018, 55% of the world\u0027s population lives in urban areas; in 1950, only 30% of the world\u0027s population lived in urban areas; by 2050, the urban population is projected to reach 68%.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EThe most urbanized regions today are North America (82% urbanized in 2018), Latin America and the Caribbean (81%), Europe (74%), and Oceania (68%). Asia\u0027s urbanization rate is now approaching 50%, while Africa, which still has a large rural population, is only 43% urbanized.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe world\u0027s rural population, which has been growing slowly since 1950 and now stands at 3.4 billion, is expected to peak in a few years and reach about 3.1 billion by 2050. Africa and Asia are home to 90% of the world\u0027s rural population. India is the largest (893 million), followed by China (578 million).\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s urban population grew rapidly from 751 million in 1950 to 4.2 billion in 2018. Today, Asia has 54% of the world\u0027s urbanized population, although it is relatively less urbanized than the rest of the world (Europe and Africa are next at 13% each).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EGrowth in the urbanized population is projected to come from both net population growth and rural-urban migration, with the urban population expected to increase by 2.5 billion by 2050, with nearly 90% of this growth occurring in Asia and Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIndia, China and Nigeria alone are projected to account for 35% of global urban population growth between 2018 and 2050. The projected urban population increases are 416 million in India, 255 million in China, and 189 million in Nigeria.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ENearly half of the world\u0027s urban population lives in cities with less than 500,000 inhabitants, while one in eight people live in 33 megacities with more than 10 million inhabitants. By 2030, the world is expected to have 43 megacities, most of them in developing regions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EToday, the Tokyo metropolitan area is the world\u0027s largest city with 37 million people, followed by Delhi (29 million), Shanghai (26 million), Mexico City and Sao Paulo (22 million each). The populations of Cairo, Mumbai, Beijing, and Dhaka are already in the 20 million range.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, some cities are experiencing population decline in countries with low fertility rates and stagnant populations, such as in Asia and Europe.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESustainable urbanization is the key to development\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EIn the context of global urbanization trends, sustainable development depends on responding adequately to urban expansion in low-income and lower-middle-income countries, where urbanization is projected to be most rapid by 2050. Improving the livelihoods of both rural and urban populations requires balanced policies that strengthen urban-rural, economic, social and environmental linkages.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more detailed information, please refer to the original data (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/)、\u0022\u003Ehttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/\u003C/a\u003E) or to the original report at\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180523#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-05-23", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合「世界都市人口予測・2018年改訂版 [United Nations (2018). 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects.]」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "「世界都市人口予測2018年改定版」によると、今日世界人口の55％を占める都市人口の割合は、2050年までに68％に拡大し、増加した25億人の90％はアジアとアフリカに集中すると予測されている。世界的な都市化傾向の中で、持続的な開発は、2050年までに最速での都市化が予測されている低所得・低中所得国における都市部拡大に如何に適切に対応できるかにかかっている。都市部のみならず農村部の人々の生活改善には、都市－農村、経済的・社会的・環境的リンクを強化しつつ、バランスの取れた政策が必要となる。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "According to the 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects, the proportion of the world\u0027s population that is urban, which is 55% today, is projected to increase to 68% by 2050, with 90% of the additional 2.5 billion people concentrated in Asia and Africa. In the context of the global urbanization trend, sustainable development will depend on responding adequately to urban expansion in low-income and lower-middle-income countries, which are projected to urbanize most rapidly by 2050. Improving the livelihoods of both rural and urban populations will require balanced policies while strengthening urban-rural, economic, social and environmental linkages.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界都市人口予測2018年改訂版\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E2018年現在、55％の世界人口が都市部に暮らしている。1950年には、30％に過ぎなかった都市部人口は、2050年には68％に達すると予測されている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E今日、最も都市化した地域は、北米（2018年の都市化率82％）、ラテンアメリカ・カリブ地域（81％）、欧州（74％）、オセアニア（68％）である。アジアの都市化率は現在50％に近づきつつある一方で、農村人口が未だに多いアフリカでは都市化率は43％に留まっている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界の農村人口は、1950年来、緩やかな増加を続け、現在34億人に達したが、数年でピークに達し、2050年には31億人程度になると予測されている。アフリカとアジアで世界の農村人口の90％を抱えている。インドが最大で（8.93億人）、二位が中国（5.78億人）である。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界の都市人口は1950年の7.51億人から2018年の42億人に急激に増加した。今日、アジアは世界的にみて相対的に都市化が遅れているものの、世界の都市化人口の54％を抱える（次点はヨーロッパとアフリカで各13％）。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E都市化人口の増加は、純粋な人口増と農村から都市への人口移動の両方に起因し、2050年までに都市部人口は25億人増加し、そのうちの90％近くがアジアとアフリカでの増加であると予測されている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eインド・中国・ナイジェリアの三カ国だけで、2018-2050年の世界都市人口増加の35％に寄与することが予測されている。予測される都市人口の増分は、インドで4.16億人、中国で2.55億人、ナイジェリアで1.89億人である。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界の都市人口の半数近くが、50万人未満の都市に居住する一方、8人に一人が1000万人以上規模の33メガシティに居住している。2030年には世界で43のメガシティが予測され、その殆どが途上国地域に存在することになる。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E今日、3700万人の人口を抱える東京大都市圏が 世界で最大の都市であり、以下デリー（2900万人）、上海（2600万人） 、メキシコシティ・サンパウロ（各2200万） が続く。カイロ、ムンバイ、北京、ダッカの人口も既に2000万人を射程に入れている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E一方で、アジアやヨーロッパなど出生率が低く、人口が停滞している国において、人口減少を経験している都市もある。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E持続的な都市化が開発の鍵となる\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界的な都市化動向の中で、持続的な開発は、2050年までに最速の都市化が予測されている低所得・低中所得国における都市部拡大に如何に適切に対応できるかにかかっている。都市部のみならず農村部の人々の生活改善には、都市－農村、経済的・社会的・環境的リンクを強化しつつ、バランスの取れた政策が必要となる。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、元データ(\u003Ca href=\u0022https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/)、\u0022\u003Ehttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/)、\u003C/a\u003E　または2017年に発表された以下の報告書原文を参照のこと。　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、国際連合から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIn 2018, 55% of the world\u0027s population lives in urban areas; in 1950, only 30% of the world\u0027s population lived in urban areas; by 2050, the urban population is projected to reach 68%.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EThe most urbanized regions today are North America (82% urbanized in 2018), Latin America and the Caribbean (81%), Europe (74%), and Oceania (68%). Asia\u0027s urbanization rate is now approaching 50%, while Africa, which still has a large rural population, is only 43% urbanized.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe world\u0027s rural population, which has been growing slowly since 1950 and now stands at 3.4 billion, is expected to peak in a few years and reach about 3.1 billion by 2050. Africa and Asia are home to 90% of the world\u0027s rural population. India is the largest (893 million), followed by China (578 million).\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s urban population grew rapidly from 751 million in 1950 to 4.2 billion in 2018. Today, Asia has 54% of the world\u0027s urbanized population, although it is relatively less urbanized than the rest of the world (Europe and Africa are next at 13% each).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EGrowth in the urbanized population is projected to come from both net population growth and rural-urban migration, with the urban population expected to increase by 2.5 billion by 2050, with nearly 90% of this growth occurring in Asia and Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EIndia, China and Nigeria alone are projected to account for 35% of global urban population growth between 2018 and 2050. The projected urban population increases are 416 million in India, 255 million in China, and 189 million in Nigeria.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003ENearly half of the world\u0027s urban population lives in cities with less than 500,000 inhabitants, while one in eight people live in 33 megacities with more than 10 million inhabitants. By 2030, the world is expected to have 43 megacities, most of them in developing regions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EToday, the Tokyo metropolitan area is the world\u0027s largest city with 37 million people, followed by Delhi (29 million), Shanghai (26 million), Mexico City and Sao Paulo (22 million each). The populations of Cairo, Mumbai, Beijing, and Dhaka are already in the 20 million range.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, some cities are experiencing population decline in countries with low fertility rates and stagnant populations, such as in Asia and Europe.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\t\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESustainable urbanization is the key to development\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EIn the context of global urbanization trends, sustainable development depends on responding adequately to urban expansion in low-income and lower-middle-income countries, where urbanization is projected to be most rapid by 2050. Improving the livelihoods of both rural and urban populations requires balanced policies that strengthen urban-rural, economic, social and environmental linkages.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor more detailed information, please refer to the original data (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/)、\u0022\u003Ehttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/\u003C/a\u003E) or to the original report at\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP/248. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180531#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-05-31", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "世界銀行「世界開発指標から読み解く、持続可能な開発目標　アトラス2018年版（World Bank. 2018. Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018 : From World Development Indicators）」の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界銀行は、持続可能な開発目標(Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs)の達成に向けたトレンドと課題について、地図や図表を駆使し、視覚的な解説するとともにSDGsが対象とする17課題について、国・地域別 の進展度の把握を試みている。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E持続可能な開発目標　アトラス2018年度版は、17の持続可能な開発目標(Sustainable Development Goals - SDGs) の達成に向けたトレンドと課題について、180以上の地図や図表を駆使し、視覚的な解説を試みている。このデータソースは、主に、世界銀行により編纂された、開発・生活水準に関する国際比較可能な統計をまとめた世界開発指標-World Development Indicators (WDI)に依拠している。これらの情報からSDGsの進捗と課題が見えてくる。例えば、1960年代来、世界的に平均寿命は伸びつづけているが、今日でも低所得国では死亡の3分の1が5歳以下の乳幼児に集中している。新たなデータによると、世界の成年人口の69％しか金融機関への口座等へのアクセスをもたず、その傾向は女性や若者・貧困層・低学歴層で顕著である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;SDGsが取り扱う広範な課題に配慮して、本書は、世界銀行の専門家が重要視する問題を重点的に精選しつつ、SDGsが対象とする17課題 [貧困撲滅・飢餓撲滅・健康福祉促進・教育機会促進・ジェンダー平等化・水衛生持続的管理・持続的エネルギー促進・働き甲斐ある雇用・インフラ強化・不平等解消・持続可能な都市・持続的消費・気候変動対応・海洋資源保全・陸域生態系保全・平和促進・パートナーシップ]を網羅し、国・地域別に各SDG の達成に向けての進展度の把握を試みている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E例としてSDG目標２飢餓撲滅に関する記述を挙げる。栄養失調に最も影響を受けるのは乳幼児である。世界的にみて、1990年から2016年の間に発育阻害の5歳以下の子供は9500万人削減した。他方、サブサハラ・アフリカでは人口総数の増加によりその人数は増加し、減少傾向にある南アジアをすぐに上回ることが予想されている。栄養問題には様々な形態がある。低中所得国においては、5歳以下の子供の12％が平均身長に対し低体重（wasting）を被っている一方、5％が肥満である。世界的に5000万人、13人に一人に相当する数の子供が低体重に陥っており、その半数が南アジア、4分の1がサブサハラ・アフリカにいるとされる。男児は女児よりも栄養失調の問題を被りやすい傾向がある。世界的には食料不足は解消傾向にあるが、未だに必要最低限の摂取カロリーに満たない人々が多く存在する。2010年から2015年の間に、マダガスカルでは栄養不良が32％から42％と、世界でも最悪の悪化傾向を示した。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、報告書原文、あるいはデータリンク（http://datatopics.worldbank.org/sdgatlas/）を参照のこと。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. 2018. Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018: World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1250-7.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E概要に関する本翻訳は、世界銀行から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180717#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-07-17", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合食糧農業機関(FAO) 2018年「食料見通し2018年7月 [Food Outlook - Biannual Report on Global Food Markets, July 2018.]」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "FAOが2018年7月に発表した「食料見通し」によると、世界の食料輸入額は増加を続け、2017年時点で1. 43兆ドルに達した。特に、低開発諸国では、基礎的な食料ニーズを満たすのに国際市場に依存を高めざるを得ず、輸出で得た外資収入の28％に相当する額を輸入食料に支払わざるを得なくなっている。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EFAOが年に2回発行する「食料見通し」は、世界の食料・飼料市場の動向について報告する。2018年7月10日に発表された報告書によると、世界の食料輸入額は年率8％で増加を続け、2017年時点で、2000年水準の3倍の1. 43兆ドルに達した。特に、低開発諸国では、基礎的な食料ニーズを満たすのに国際市場に依存を高めざるを得ず、輸出で得た外資収入の28％（先進国では10％程度）にも相当する額を輸入食料に支払わざるを得なくなっている。世界の食料輸入額は今後も増え続け、最も貧しい食料不足低所得国では未だに主食である穀類が輸入内訳の多くを占めている。一方で、先進国では高額な魚類を含む動物性タンパク質などが多い。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. Food Outlook - Biannual Report on Global Food Markets, July 2018. 　 http://www.fao.org/3/ca0239en/CA0239EN.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FAOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180726#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-07-26", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合食糧農業機関(FAO)「2018年　世界漁業・養殖業白書[The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA)]」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2018年世界漁業・養殖業白書によると、 2016年の漁獲量の内、海洋漁業7930万トン、淡水漁業1160万トンに対し、養殖業は8000万トンであった。2030年までに世界の漁獲量は2億トンへ増加する見込みである。持続可能な世界漁業・養殖業の発展のために、生物学的に持続的な水準での漁獲法・魚類資源管理法の改善、気候変動や海洋汚染対策、などの幅広い分野での研究・国際協調が早急に必要とされている。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2018年世界漁業・養殖業白書によると、2016年から2030年までに世界の漁業・養殖業からの漁獲量は1.71億トンから2億トンへの増加を予測している。1960年代には一人あたり年間10kgであった魚類消費量は2016年には20.3kgに達したが、天然の漁獲量は1990年代より安定的に推移する一方、1980年代以降は養殖が急増する需要を満たすようになった。2016年の漁獲量の内、海洋漁業7930万トン、淡水漁業1160万トンに対し、養殖業は8000万トンであった。養殖部門の年成長率は1990年代に10%であったのが、2010－2016年5.8%となったが、今後数十年は、特にアフリカにおいて成長し続けることが予想されている。フィッシュミールへの活用等による漁獲後のロス・廃棄の削減努力を通じて、魚類食品への需要増へ対応が可能となるであろう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAOのモニタリングによると、商業的に利用される主要な魚類のうち、生物学的に非持続的な漁法で漁獲されているのは、40年前は10％であったのが、2015年には33％に達している。先進国が漁法や魚類資源の管理法を改善してきた一方で、途上国における資源賦存を超えた漁獲の傾向―多すぎる船が希少な魚を追いかけていること―に警鐘をならしている。こうした状況の解決には、国際的な政策協調、財政・人的資源の投入、モニタリング分野などでの先進技術の適用、等による対応が求められる。気候変動や海洋汚染も懸念材料である。気候変動は漁業可能な海域を変化させ、北半球温帯地域での漁獲量が増加する一方、熱帯地域の多くの漁業国では漁獲量減少が予測される。漁業の変化は運営・管理・管轄権が大きく関わってくる。また、気候変動に円滑に適応する漁業戦略の研究が必要になる。さらに、海上で廃棄された網等の漁具やペットボトルの破片などのマイクロプラスチックによる汚染が海洋エコシステムに及ぼす被害に対しても、国際的な協調が必要である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、白書では世界漁業・養殖についての最新統計が発表されている。最も漁業関係者の多い地域はアジア（全体の85％）であり、最大の漁業生産・輸出国は中国、最大の輸入市場はEU(1位) -米国(2位)-日本(3位)、である。途上国における漁業純輸出収入（370億ドル）は、肉類・タバコ・米・砂糖をあわせた純輸出収入を上回る。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2018. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 - Meeting the sustainable development goals. Rome. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO http://www.fao.org/3/I9540EN/i9540en.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FAOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。国際農研では、世界、とりわけ途上国地域において、持続的な漁業の確立に貢献するため研究活動を行っています。研究内容に関して詳しく知りたい方は、こちらもあわせてご覧ください。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_c/c5\u0022\u003E「熱帯域の生態系と調和した水産資源の持続的利用技術の開発」\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180726_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-07-26", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "小麦イニシアティブ報告　2018年7月　ドイツ・ベルリン", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/germany#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Germany", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ドイツ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Germany", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際的な小麦共同研究のプラットフォームである小麦イニシアティブ（International Research Initiative for Wheat Improvement、略称WI）は、ドイツ・ベルリンのJulius Kühn Institute (JKI)等を会場として各種会合を開催しました。そのうち、EWGジャンボリー、研究委員会、機関調整委員会、研究理事会、サテライト会合「麦類遺伝子命名法についての研究会」に農研機構から出席しました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際的な小麦共同研究のプラットフォームである小麦イニシアティブ（International Research Initiative for Wheat Improvement、略称WI）は、ドイツ・ベルリンのJulius Kühn Institute (JKI)等を会場として各種会合（EWGジャンボリー、研究委員会、機関調整委員会、研究理事会）を、また、サテライト会合として「麦類遺伝子命名法についての研究会」を開催しました。そのうち、EWGジャンボリーとサテライト会合に農研機構 西日本農業研究センターの池田上級研究員が、EWGジャンボリー、研究委員会、機関調整委員会、研究理事会に農研機構 次世代作物開発研究センターの半田ユニット長が出席しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E１．EWGジャンボリー\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEWG (Expert Working Group)は、WIにおいて、専門分野毎の研究者によって構成され、今後、WIとして進めていくべき研究課題をピックアップし、国際協調のもとにどのように解決していくかを議論し、提言するために設けられている専門家グループです。今回、EWGのジャンボリーには、14カ国の政府関係者、公的研究機関、大学、種苗会社等から45名の参加がありました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　最初に小麦イニシアティブの代表から、これまでの経緯、特にWIの事務局がフランス国立農業研究所（INRA）からドイツのJKIに移ったことが報告され、続いてドイツ連邦食糧・農業省の副大臣の挨拶があり、ドイツ連邦政府のWIに対する支援が示されました。その後、10のEWGと関連する3つのプロジェクトから報告があり、今後の方向性、グループ間での連携の可能性について議論が行われました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　各グループの報告の後、今後のグループ間の連携についての議論が行われ、今後、WIとして取り組んでいくべき課題として、現在の研究水準に応じた栽培手法の確立、データの標準化、小麦標準品種群の整備、小麦特異的な問題を抽出し、各グループ間の連携を図りながら課題を解決する方向性を議論しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2．研究委員会、機関調整委員会、研究理事会\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E研究委員会、機関調整委員会、研究理事会では、ベルリンのJKI本部に移転したWI事務局から、フランスからドイツへの事務局移行作業の結果や2018年以降の活動に関する報告がありました。新事務局からは、今後の運営においては、これまで以上にメンバー間あるいはWIと外部とのコミュニケーションを強化し、より透明性の高い運営を目指すとともに、EWGやメンバーの活動支援を強化し、WIのプレゼンスを高めていくという方針が示されました。運営予算については、事務局運営費としてドイツ連邦食糧・農業省から年間150,000ユーロが今後5年間支出されることが決定したことが紹介され、2018年度の単年度予算は、移転経費の増加等で72,094ユーロの赤字であるが、500,000ユーロを超える余剰金があるため、財政的には健全であるとの報告がありました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　今回から新メンバーとして中国とウルグアイが参加したほか、ロシアがオブザーバーとして出席し、WIの体制がより強化されました。また、研究理事会の理事選挙が行われ、6名が選出され、非改選の4名と合わせて、2019年は10名で研究理事会を構成し、WIを運営していくこととなりました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　活動面では、メンバー間あるいはWIと外部との連携強化について議論が行われたほか、EWGジャンボリーで抽出された4つの課題について、今後、どのように対処・具現化していくかについて議論し、来年にかけての諸活動の方針を決定しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　2019年のG20会合は日本がホスト国であり、それに伴い首席農業研究者会議が東京で開催されることになっています。この会議開催に際して、小麦をキーワードとして日本とWIとの連携を図っていくことを確認しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E３．麦類遺伝子命名法についての研究会\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの研究会は、さまざまな麦類のゲノム情報において、遺伝子アノテーションが種ごとに異なっていることや、小麦については従来から小麦遺伝学で用いられている小麦遺伝子型カタログとの対応付けができていないという問題があることから、麦類共通の遺伝子命名法を確立し、小麦遺伝子型カタログに対応したゲノム配列のアノテーションを行い、全ゲノム情報の有効利用を行うことを目的としています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　研究会には、研究情報（WheatIS）のEWGと品質EWGから6カ国10名の研究者が集まり、ヨーロッパを中心に進められている小麦全ゲノム遺伝子情報の機能解析と、国際的に認められ日本のNBRPの元で維持されている小麦遺伝子型カタログをつなげていくことの重要性について共有し、今後どのように小麦全ゲノムデータを育種に有効利用していくか議論しました。また、今後も議論を進めゲノムデータとカタログのリンクの必要性などについての論文として取りまとめることになりました。日本の小麦研究が今後の国際的な小麦研究に存在感を示し、大きく貢献できる機会であるといえます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180904#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-09-04", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイ科学技術博覧会2018にてサトウキビ白葉病の防除技術と熱帯土壌の肥沃度改善について展示", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "タイ科学技術博覧会において、国際農研はタイ研究機関との共同研究の中から、サトウキビ白葉病が拡大する要因を解明し開発した防除技術と熱帯における土壌肥沃度の変動を長期連用試験で解明した成果を展示・説明し、来訪したたくさんの小中高校生や一般の方が熱心に耳を傾けました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2018年8月16日（木）～26日（日）、タイ王国バンコク郊外で、タイ王国科学技術省主催のタイ科学技術博覧会2018（Thailand National Science and Technology Fair 2018）が開催されました。当博覧会は、子供たちに科学の面白さを知ってもらうことを目的とし、毎年開催されており、本年も開催期間中100万人を超える来訪者がありました。国際農研は、タイ王国の研究機関と共同研究を長年行っており、その成果を毎年展示しています。今年は、サトウキビ白葉病の防除技術と熱帯土壌の肥沃度改善について展示を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003E1. サトウキビ白葉病の防除技術\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサトウキビ白葉病はサトウキビの生長を阻害する病気で、有効な治療法がないことから、感染したサトウキビは白化したのち枯死します。2015～2016年にタイ国内で蔓延し、水不足による乾燥害と併せ、サトウキビ生産量が激減しました。タイは世界第2位の砂糖輸出国ですが、この影響で輸出量が25%低下しました（世界第2位は維持）。また、砂糖生産の副産物である廃糖蜜の生産量も減少したため、それから生産されるエタノールが不足し、エタノール混合ガソリンの供給にも支障を来しました。国際農研とコンケン大学は、2011年からサトウキビ白葉病に関する共同研究を行っています。これまでに、サトウキビ白葉病が媒介虫や白葉病に感染した種茎（サトウキビは茎を植えます）の定植によりどのように拡散するのか、を解明しました（参照：サトウキビ白葉病を媒介するヨコバイ類の移動分散能, https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2015_b11）。これにより、白葉病に感染していない健全な種茎を生産し定植することが重要であることを示しました。現在、国際農研とコンケン大学で健全な種茎を生産するための防除技術を開発しています（参照：サトウキビ白葉病の主要な媒介虫に対し高い効果を示す殺虫剤https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2017_b12）。これらの成果をポスターで展示するとともに、白葉病にかかったサトウキビと健全なサトウキビ、媒介虫、組織培養した苗を展示し、説明を行いました（写真）。開会式の日には、コンケン大学の共同研究者が説明しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003E2. 熱帯土壌の肥沃度改善\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eタイでは、農家や農業関係機関から、近年、農地土壌の肥沃度が低下しているという話を聞きます。土壌肥沃度を高めるためには有機物を施用すれば良いことは知られており、有機物の種類や量を変えて試験が行われています。ここで、土壌に投入された有機物は微生物などにより分解され、養分となったり、鉱物と結合し団粒を構成したりします。その微生物は有機物の量や状態により種類や量が変化します。こうしたことから、土壌有機物の変化を明らかにするためには長期間（数十年以上）の測定データが必要です。タイ農業局は40年ほど前から作付けを継続（連用）している試験圃場を保有しています。国際農研はこうした圃場において同局と共同で連用試験を行っています（参考：タイの天水地域の土壌有機炭素に対す有機物施用と緑肥作物栽培の長期連用効果（英語）, International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 1(3), 29-36, 2013 \u003Ca aria-label=\u0022Persistent link using digital object identifier\u0022 href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-6339(15)30028-9\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 title=\u0022Persistent link using digital object identifier\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-6339(15)30028-9\u003C/a\u003E；タイ天水地域の土壌特性とトウモロコシ収量における長期連用有機物施用の効果（英語）,　https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/jarq/44/2/133）。また、農業局が保有する他の試験圃場の長期連用試験のデータについても解析を進めています。その成果として、堆肥施用は熱帯においても土壌肥沃度を向上すること（熱帯では有機物の分解が早いため、土壌肥沃度向上が難しいと考えられています）、ただしそれが顕在化するには5年以上の時間を要することが明らかになりました。一方、作物残渣の施用は土壌肥沃度の向上への効果が堆肥より低いものの、10年、20年と徐々に向上することも明らかになりました。博覧会では、これらの成果をポスターで展示するとともに、説明を行いました。開会式の日は、農業局の共同研究者が成果を説明しました（写真）。訪問者から、「農業生産の基盤である土壌肥沃度がどのようなしくみで変化しているのか」に関心を持って貰え、研究に携わるものとして非常に嬉しいことでした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;8月17日に行われた開会式にはタイ王国のプラユット・チャンオチャ（Prayuth Chan-ocha）首相とスウィット・メーシンシー（Suvit Maesincee）科学技術大臣が参加され、開会式の後、日本ブースを訪問されました（写真）。また、8月26日に国際農研をはじめとする外国の展示ブース代表者へ出展協力への感謝の証として、タイ国立科学博物館ラウィン・ラウィウォン（Rawin Rawiwongse）館長よりトロフィーが授与されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：松本成夫）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_a", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "資源・環境管理", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Environment and Natural Resource Management", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "農産物安定生産", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Stable Agricultural Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180913#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-09-13", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "CGIAR独立科学パートナーシップ委員会 (2018).「農業研究による貧困削減効果の評価法：CGIARの課題Assessing Poverty Impacts of Agricultural Research: Methods and Challenges for CGIAR.」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "過去50年にわたり、国際社会において、農業研究は途上国の経済発展を促す重要な手段として位置づけられてきた。その一方で、農業研究が貧困削減に実際どの程度貢献したのか、という点については、手法的に厳密な評価が難しいという課題を抱えている。本報告書は、農業研究に起因する貧困削減効果を理解するための様々な手法を紹介する。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E過去50年にわたり、国際社会において、農業研究は途上国の経済発展を促す重要な手段として位置づけられ、政府や慈善団体は、主にCGIARや関連する研究プログラムを通じ、数億ドルもの投資を行ってきた。CGIARとパートナーによる成果は、農民たちや政府によって積極的に採用されており、その重要性は明らかである。一方、CGIARによる農業研究が貧困削減に実際どの程度貢献したのか、そうしたインパクトを最も適切に記述・計測・評価する手法は何か、という点について、残念ながら明確な答えは出ていない。本報告書は、インパクト評価に関わる研究者や農業研究の効果に関心のあるドナーを対象としている。農業研究が貧困を削減する複数かつ複雑な経路に関する前提を抑えた上で、農業研究に起因する貧困削減効果を理解するための様々な手法が紹介されている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E肥料や改良種等に関する実験では、研究者は実験条件がコントロールされ、有意なバラツキが除外されたと想定する。それにより、結果の差が必然的に導入した対策の効果となるとしている。他方、農業研究と貧困削減の間には、極めて複雑な因果関係が存在するのが常である。ランダム化比較試験（RTCs）を除き、殆どの評価研究は、事後観察により、後付的に条件を課して分類された対照グループと技術導入グループを比較することになる。しかし、農業技術を採択すること決定したグループの農民は、対照グループの農民に比べて、そもそも農業経営の意欲や能力に秀でていたり、所得水準が高かったりすることが想定される。両者の貧困削減の差が、むしろ農業技術以外の要因によって生じた可能性を否定できない。貧困削減が特定の農業技術に起因すると結論するためには、対象とした農民の特性や農業技術導入以外の要因を区別して評価を行わなければならない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農業研究と貧困削減の因果関係の分析手法には、異なる時間的・空間的スケールに対応した情報を提供する様々な量的・質的手法がある。近年の評価で使われている手法は、主に、「ミクロレベルで特定農業技術の採択と圃場レベルでのインパクトに関する観察或いは実験的研究」、「農業技術、その採択、範囲をやや広げたアウトカムとの関連性を分析する研究」、「農業生産性の上昇が貧困削減に与える影響をマクロレベルで分析する研究」の3つのグループに分けている。評価の精度・信頼度を担保する上で、研究者は、いずれの手法を用いる場合でも、技術を農民に導入する前に、前もって予期される全ての因果関係を含むインパクト・パスウェイに関する仮説を確立し、研究設計に臨むべきである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E近年、CGAIRも貧困削減のための農業研究投資において、（技術中心から）プロジェクト志向が強まっている。貧困削減効果が期待される技術やイノベーションに焦点を当て、エビデンスを収集することにより、コーディネートされた研究プログラムの評価法について議論を深める必要がある。事後的に評価に必要なエビデンスを得ることは簡単ではない。各研究プロジェクト間の調整と、長期的かつ持続的なデータ収集のために、強い意志と先見の明が求められる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGollin, D., Probst, L. T., \u0026amp; Brower, E. 2018. Assessing Poverty Impacts of Agricultural Research: Methods and Challenges for CGIAR. Rome: Independent Science and Partnership Council (ISPC). https://ispc.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/pdf/ispc_strategic_study_poverty_impact.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、CGIARから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180913_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-09-13", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "CGIAR独立科学パートナーシップ委員会 (2018).「国際農業研究の開発インパクト－事後評価と収益率　Estimating ex post Impacts and Rates of Return to International Agricultural Research for Development」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農業研究の成果は国際公共財であるという共通認識が、国際社会が公共資金を投入する理論的根拠となってきた。今も投資の必要性には議論の余地はないが、どれだけの投資がどの分野に必要なのかについては答えが出ていない。国際農業研究に関しては比較的高い投資収益率が報告されてきた。（しかし収益率で）開発効果を評価する場合、予期されるインパクトが経済効果にとどまらず社会・環境的側面にも及ぶため、方法論的に課題が残る。ミクロ・マクロ、量的・質的と複数の手法を駆使するインパクト評価アプローチが推測に依存する投資収益率よりも信頼に値するエビデンスを提供しうる。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際農業研究の評価は、高い投資収益率だとする報告が多く存在する、一方で貧困削減効果の厳密な評価方法論が未だ議論されており、意見が大きく割れている。そもそも農業研究投資の収益率（ rate of return）という概念を事後評価に適用することには課題がある。本報告書ではCGIAR研究のインパクトを評価する代替的アプローチについて検討する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農業研究の成果の多くは国際公共財（非競合的かつ非排除性のため）であるという共通認識が、国際社会が協調して公共資金を投入する理論的背景となっている。「途上国向けに新たな農業技術を開発しようとする民間企業や個人投資家は投資からの利益を全て回収できないため、市場に任せていては望ましい研究水準に必要な投資が行われない。」この仮定が、長年にわたってCGIAR研究への資金供与の根拠となってきた。今日、サブサハラ・アフリカの一人あたり農業研究開発費は、1980年代と比べて世界との差がさらに広がっている。ドナー諸国による投資の必要性には議論の余地はないものの、実際にどれだけの投資が具体的にどの分野に必要なのかについては答えが出ていない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農業研究に関しては、比較的高い投資収益率が報告されてきた。最近の研究（Rao, Hurley \u0026amp; Pardey 2016）において、2,829の国際農業研究評価事例が再評価され、平均の内部収益率（internal rate of return-IRR）が59.6%であったのに対し、修正を加えた収益率（modified internal rate of return-MIRR）では14.3%と大幅に下がった。より現実的な数値でも農業研究投資は十分収益性があることが証明された。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E他方、国際農業研究への投資収益率の推計は説得力があるが、開発のための農業研究（agricultural research for development [AR4D]）の場合、予期されるインパクトが経済的側面にとどまらず社会・環境的側面にも及ぶため、投資評価への応用に方法論的課題が残る。IRR手法は生産性・収益改善の経済的便益を数量化するために開発されたが、現実世界では技術導入と生産者・消費者の受ける便益の関係は複雑であり、技術導入効果を事後的に評価することは一筋縄ではいかない。例えば、米の早生種は米の全供給量を実際に減らす可能性がある一方で、生産者が休閑期にひよこ豆を生産することを可能にし、ひよこ豆の総生産曲線を上方シフトさせうる。複雑な影響に対応した分析手法が必要となる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E近年、CGAIR農業研究投資の（技術中心から）プロジェクト志向が強まる中、特定技術・研究成果への投資を切り離して便益・費用の計上とインパクト評価を行うことが困難になってきている。農業研究の貧困削減効果の議論にもあるように、事後的に評価を行う上では、ミクロ・マクロ、量的・質的と複数の異なる手法を駆使してデータを収集し、説得力あるエビデンスを構築するのが数少ない選択肢である。評価の質を担保する上で、次の3点が重要である。すなわち、①費用だけでなく研究成果とインパクト計測の正確性、②研究とその成果の因果関係想定条件の厳密化、③広範囲な代表性の確保とインパクトの正確なモデル化を可能にするサンプル選定、である。こうしたインパクト評価アプローチは、適切に実施されれば、インパクト・費用対効果について正確かつ信頼しうるエビデンスとなる。推測に依存する投資収益率よりも将来のR\u0026amp;Dへの指針を提供しうる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EStevenson J, Johnson N, Macours K. 2018. Estimating ex post Impacts and Rates of Return to International Agricultural Research for Development. SPIA TECHNICAL NOTE N. 6 https://ispc.cgiar.org/sites/default/files/pdf/ispc_technicalnote_expost_impacts_ar4d_0.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、CGIARから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20181101#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-11-01", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アフリカにおけるツマジロクサヨトウ対策のための研究に関する国際会議の報告", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/ethiopia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ethiopia", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "エチオピア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ethiopia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "近年、アフリカ大陸において、ツマジロクサヨトウ（Fall Armyworm: FAW）が爆発的に拡散し、農業生産に深刻な影響をもたらしています。2018年10月29－31日、エチオピアのアフリカ連合本部にて、FAW対策のための研究に関する国際会議が開催され、国際農研からは、飯山研究コーディネイターが参加しました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Ch2 style=\u0022margin: 0mm 0mm 8pt;\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size: 11pt;\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022line-height: 107%;\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family: Calibri,sans-serif;\u0022\u003E\u003Cb\u003EFAW R4D Conference\u0026nbsp;\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cb\u003EOct 29-31 2018, Africa Union Commission, Addis Ababa\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/h2\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E近年、アフリカ大陸において、ツマジロクサヨトウ（Fall Armyworm: FAW）が爆発的に拡散し、農業生産に深刻な影響をもたらしています。2018年10月29－31日、エチオピアのアフリカ連合本部にて、FAW対策のための研究に関する国際会議（International Conference on “Fall Armyworm Research-for-Development – Status and Priorities for Africa”）が開催され、国際農業研究機関・国連機関・アフリカ連合・アフリカ各国のみならず、アメリカ・ブラジル・中国から、230名ほどの参加者が集まり、国際農研からは、飯山研究コーディネイターが参加しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAWはもともと南米・北米の害虫ですが、飛翔による高い移動能力を持ち、2016年初頭に西アフリカで観察され、1年程度でアフリカ全域に拡散し、今やインドでも発生が報告されています。FAWは非常に小さな害虫であるにもかかわらず、アフリカ大陸の農業を担う規模農民の栽培するトウモロコシやソルガム、それ以外の80種以上の作物に被害を及ぼすとされ、甚大な経済的被害と、国・地域を超えた食料安全保障の懸念を引き起こし、国際的な協調を通じた対策が早急に必要とされています。既にFAWと共存してきた北米や南米の大規模商業農業では、化学農薬や最新技術が使用されていますが、アフリカ小規模農業では、これら技術の直輸入・普遍的な適応は難しく、人的・環境被害を最小にしつつ、既存の生態系・農業システム本来の害虫耐性・抵抗力の向上を通じた、低コストで包括的な対策法が求められています。このために、国際研究機関・国際機関・アフリカ研究機関・ドナーが協調し、FAW発現に関する国際モニタリング体制を強化するほか、農民を取り巻く生態系・作付システムに応じて、有効な技術パッケージの開発を行うことで合意しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（報告者：飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "農産物安定生産", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Stable Agricultural Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20181112#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-11-12", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "世界銀行2018「2018年版　貧困と繁栄の共有：貧困のパズルを解く [Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2018: Piecing Together the Poverty Puzzle]」概要 ", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界的な極貧撲滅対策の進展により、極貧状態にある人々の割合は2015年時点で10％に下落した。世界が豊かになり、極貧が局地的現象になるにつれ、1日あたり1.9ドルが貧困ラインの定義として妥当かという疑問が呈されている。一方、世界人口の４分の１が1日あたり3.2ドル、半分近くが１日あたり5.5ドル以下で生活していることが報告されている。貧困問題の解決を堅固に阻む要因を解決するには、包括的な経済成長と人的資本への重点的投資が必要である。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E[極度の貧困]：世界で極貧状態にある人々の割合は2013年の11％から2015年の最新の推計で10％に下落し、現在1日あたり1.9ドル以下で暮らす人々の数は7億3600万人である。極貧撲滅対策の進展にもかかわらず、紛争・政治混乱に陥っている低所得国における極貧層の割合は相変わらず高いままである。また、1990年から2015年の間、極貧層の割合は36％から10％に減少したが、極貧の改善は近年減速傾向にある。2015年時点において、世界の極貧層の半分以上が居住するサブサハラアフリカでは貧困人口の絶対数はむしろ増加しており、楽観的シナリオを除けば、2030年でも同地域の貧困人口割合は二桁にとどまることが予測されている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[繁栄の共有]：各国において所得下位40％の人々の状況は一様ではない。データが存在する91カ国中70カ国においては、2010－2015年の間に所得下位40％の人々の所得は改善した。とりわけ下位40％所得層の所得は、東アジアにおいて年率4.7%、南アジアにおいて年率2.6%の率で増加した。他方、極貧状態にある14ヶ国のうち3分の2において、平均所得の伸びは、世界平均の年率2％を下回った。さらに、極貧所得層の状況をモニターする必要の高い国ほど、データ収集体制に問題があり、実際は推定している状況よりも悪い可能性も存在する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[貧困ラインの引き上げ]：世界が豊かになり極貧が局地的現象になることに伴って、世界中のすべての国々の貧困層の定義として1日当たり1.9ドルという基準は果たして妥当か、という疑問が出てくる。世界の半数以上の国において極貧人口の割合は3％かそれ以下の水準であるが、これらの国で極貧との闘いが終わったことを必ずしも意味しない。現在、世界銀行は低から高中所得国の実情を考慮し、従来の1日あたり1.9ドルの貧困ラインを補完する形で、1日あたり3.2ドル及び5.5ドルの貧困ラインとした報告も実施している。この整理によれば、2015年、世界人口の４分の１が1日あたり3.2ドル、半分近くが１日あたり5.5ドル以下で生活している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[社会的貧困ライン]：同様に、国々の経済成長過程において、基礎ニーズを構成する要素の定義も変化し、生活コストも国毎の所得水準によって異なる。これを踏まえ、世界銀行は各国における消費・所得水準に応じた社会的貧困ライン指標を導入した。この指標によると、2015年、極貧と定義される7億人の人々の3倍に相当する21億人の人々が彼らの社会において社会的貧困に陥っていると推定した。東アジア・太平洋地域で社会的貧困層が大幅に減少したのと対象的に、サブサハラ・アフリカでは半数以上の人口が社会的貧困とされる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[多次元的視点からの貧困指標]：貧困撲滅を目指す上で、貧困は単に消費や所得の不足では測りきれず、教育、基礎的社会サービス、ヘルスケアへのアクセス、社会保障といった生活側面も重要な役割を果たすことを理解しなければならない。貧困解決を堅固に阻む要因の解決には、多次元的な視点でみれば、包括的な経済成長と人的資本への重点投資が必要であることが明白である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;より詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E“World Bank. 2018. Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2018: Piecing Together the Poverty Puzzle. World Bank, Washington, DC. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO.”\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/30418/9781464813306.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/30418/9781464813306.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、世界銀行から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20181116#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-11-16", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アフリカ緑の革命のための同盟（AGRA）「アフリカ農業年次報告2018～政府の力で農業構造改革を推し進めよ～[Catalyzing Government Capacity to Drive Agricultural Transformation (Issue 6)」の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "農業生産の低迷は、農家所得の停滞、農村での貧困の拡大をもたらし、大都市への人口集中による社会的ひずみを招いている。農業の成長を加速化させるためには、小規模販売農家の生産性改善が不可欠である。アフリカ諸国のリーダーの多くは如何に農業成長を加速化させるかに関心を抱いており、本報告書は、農業構造改革の促進という政策ビジョンを実現するための政府の能力強化方法について論じている。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E農業生産の低迷は、農家所得の停滞、農村貧困の拡大をもたらし、大都市への人口集中による社会的ひずみを招いてきた。アフリカ諸国のリーダーの多くは如何に農業成長を加速化させるかに関心を抱いている。農業成長の加速化のために、小規模販売農家の生産性改善が不可欠である。本書で定義する小規模販売農家は、大規模農家ではないが、自家消費生産を満たした上で、農業生産の30％以上を販売し（2017年AGRA報告書では50％と定義されていたのよりも広く定義する）、商業的生産のためのリスクをとり、資本投下を行う余力を持ち、農村貧困削減の起動力となりうる農家を指す。農業部門成長の加速化の道筋をつけるために、農家への技術的支援にとどまらず、国際機関・民間部門との協調をとりまとめ、制度整備・投資・政策策定において、農業省を中心とした政府機関が果たすべき役割は大きい。政策の優先順位として、まずは経済性が証明され農民が直ぐに着手できる技術革新に焦点を当て、十分な肥料と改良品種の供給を保証し、小規模販売農家のニーズにあった金融支援を行うべきである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本書は、農業構造改革の促進という政策ビジョンを実現する上で、政府のプロジェクト形成・実施能力を強化する方法について論じている。また、政府と開発パートナーが、民間セクターや小規模農民を支援し、市民社会・開発パートナーとの連立を可能にする方法について論じ、アフリカにおける包括的な農業・経済構造改革を実現するための指針を提示する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;より詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAGRA. (2018). Africa Agriculture Status Report: Catalyzing Government Capacity to Drive Agricultural\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETransformation (Issue 6). Nairobi, Kenya: Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、AGRAから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20181214#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2018-12-14", "dc:date": "2018", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "世界銀行2018「総力を結集せよ- サブサハラ・アフリカにおけるマルチセクター・アプローチを通じた発育阻害の解決へ [All Hands on Deck : Reducing Stunting through Multisectoral Efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa].」概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "栄養状況の改善には、マルチセクター・アプローチによる解決が不可欠であることが認識されて来たが、マルチセクター・アプローチを標榜するだけでは十分ではないことも明らかになってきた。本報告書は、サブサハラ・アフリカにおける発育阻害の撲滅を目指し、より効果的なマルチセクター・アプローチの設計を目的とし、各国の事情に応じた全セクター共通目標設定や、これが不可能な場合の特定セクターへの介入の優先順位付けに役立つエビデンスを提供する。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E1990年以来、年齢に対して低身長、すなわち発育阻害(stunting)に陥る5歳以下の子供の数は、世界的に大幅に減少傾向にある。サブサハラ・アフリカにおいては、発育阻害に陥る子供の割合は減少傾向にある一方、その絶対数は世界的動向に反して増え続けており、地域の長期的な人的資源開発と経済成長に悪影響を与えることが懸念される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E栄養状況の改善には、保健部門(health sector)のみならず、農業・教育・社会保障・水・公衆衛生(water, sanitation and hygiene - WASH)部門間の協調が不可欠であることが認識されてから久しい。実際に、低栄養状況の解決にはマルチセクター・アプローチによる解決を前提とした、すなわちいわゆる総合的な取り組みが実施されてきた。残念なことに、栄養に関するマルチセクター・イニシアチブ関連プロジェクトは必ずしも常に期待された成果を上げてきたとは言い難く、マルチセクター・アプローチを標榜するだけでは十分ではないことが認識されるようになってきた。本報告書は、サブサハラ・アフリカにおける発育阻害の撲滅を目指し、より効果的なマルチセクター介入の設計を目的とし、各国の事情に応じた全セクター共通目標設定や、これが不可能な場合の特定セクターへの介入の優先順位付け(sequencing)に役立つエビデンスを提供する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書は、栄養状況改善に貢献しうる複合的な要因を理解する努力の一環として、サブサハラ・アフリカ33か国について、各国固有の栄養問題、とりわけ発育阻害(stunting)の複合的な要因に関して、マルチセクターの視点から分析を行った。とりわけ、十分な栄養を保障するための三大要因である、世帯食料安全保障(household food security and care)、ヘルスケアへのアクセス(health care access)、そして水・公衆衛生(WASH)、に着目した。サブサハラ・アフリカ諸国では、これら三大要因の全てにアクセスを持つ子供は極めて少数であり、二つの要因にアクセスを有する状況でさえ稀である。チャド、エチオピア、ニジェールの三か国では、三要因の一つもアクセスがない子供が半数に達した。同時に、2つ以上の要因へのアクセスは、低い発育阻害率と相関があった。この知見は、発育阻害が蔓延する地域において、異なるセクター間での共同目標設定が重要であることを示唆する。また、世帯所得上昇と発育阻害の減少、降雨量減少と発育阻害率の上昇、に関する相関に言及し、気候変動のコンテクストを踏まえ、所得に関する気候関連リスクを緩和する政策の重要性を強調した。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本記事は、以下のブログの内容に言及している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://blogs.worldbank.org/health/all-hands-deck-halting-vicious-circle-stunting-sub-saharan-africa\u0022\u003Ehttp://blogs.worldbank.org/health/all-hands-deck-halting-vicious-circle-stunting-sub-saharan-africa\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E“World Bank Group. 2018. All Hands on Deck : Reducing Stunting through Multisectoral Efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/30119 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/30119/127344.pdf?sequence=4\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003Ehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/30119/127344.pdf?sequence=4\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、世界銀行から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190219#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-02-19", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "第９回国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）総会の報告", "@language": "ja" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/united_arab_emirates#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/United_Arab_Emirates", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アラブ首長国連邦", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "United Arab Emirates", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際再生可能エネルギー機関（International Renewable Energy Agency、IRENA）の第９回総会が、2019年1月11日から13日、アブダビ（UAE）において開催され、160加盟国、国際機関、民間セクター等、約1200名が参加して、世界で加速するエネルギー移行について熱心な議論が行われました。国際農研では、2014年以降、特にバイオエネルギーの分野における技術協力の推進や情報の収集を図るため、IRENAとの間で覚書を締結するとともに、職員の長期派遣を継続的に行っています。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際再生可能エネルギー機関（International Renewable Energy Agency、IRENA）の第９回総会が、2019年1月11日から13日、アブダビ（アラブ首長国連邦）において開催され、160加盟国、国際機関、民間セクター等、約1200名が参加して、世界で加速するエネルギー移行について熱心な議論が行われました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E２つの閣僚対話においては、全人口の電気へのアクセス実現に向けたオフグリッド型（送電網と繋がらない）再生可能エネルギーの有用性や導入可能について議論が行われるとともに、発電コストの低減やエネルギー貯蔵など、再生可能エネルギーのさらなる拡大に不可欠なイノベーションの現状及び課題について、様々な知見が共有されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新たな報告書のリリースも多く行われ、特に再生可能エネルギーの導入における女性の役割と、世界経済が化石燃料主体から再生可能エネルギー主体に移行することに伴う国際関係の地政学的変化について論じた２つの報告書については、それぞれの内容を議論するサイドイベントも開催されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E全体会合では、IRENA中期戦略計画2018-2022並びに作業計画及び予算2018-2019に基づく年次進捗報告が行われ、再生可能エネルギーの導入拡大に向けたIRENAの役割に対して、様々な期待が寄せられました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、IRENAの次期事務局長として、フランチェスコ・ラ・カメラ氏（現イタリア環境・土地・海洋省持続可能な開発・エネルギー・気候局長）が選出されました。同氏は4月4日に就任が予定されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、国際農研では、2014年以降、特にバイオエネルギーの分野における技術協力の推進や情報の収集を図るため、IRENAとの間で覚書を締結するとともに、職員の長期派遣を継続的に行っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/events/2019/Jan/Ninth-Session-of-the-IRENA-Assembly\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190219_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-02-19", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）「農業・食品セクターにおける地熱利用の加速化」の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "地熱は、ビニルハウス、食品の乾燥や加工に利用することにより、食料の利用可能性、化石燃料の価格変動性への対処、温室効果ガスの排出削減、食品廃棄物の削減等、様々な利点を有する一方、農業・食品関連の地熱の直接利用は限定的な動きにとどまっている。本報告書は、農業・食品関連の地熱の直接利用について普及を図り、経験や知見を共有するため、各国が取り組むべき政策措置等について論じている。世界地熱連合（the Global Geothermal Alliance）等の国際的なプラットフォームを通じた知見の共有等についても提言が行われている。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E地熱は、主に発電や地域熱供給のエネルギー源としての利用が想定されているが、農業セクターへの利用にも様々な用途が考えられる。特にビニルハウス、食品の乾燥や加工に地熱を利用することは、食料の利用可能性、化石燃料の価格変動性への対処、温室効果ガスの排出削減、食品廃棄物の削減等、様々な利点を有する。これらは比較的低温の熱エネルギーを要求するため、発電や地域熱供給には向かない地域で適用を進めることにより、全体として地熱利用の拡大が見込める一方、農業・食品関連の地熱の直接利用は限定的な動きにとどまっている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書は、農業・食品関連の地熱の直接利用について普及を図り、経験や知見を共有するため、各国が取り組むべき政策措置等について論じており、特に以下の６つのポイントを挙げている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E地熱を発電以外にも利用するための明確で透明なライセンスを中小規模事業者も含めた関係者に与えるための法制度\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E地熱を熱利用するプロジェクトの初期段階及び資本集約段階に伴うリスクを軽減するための政策的措置\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E産業計画及び農村開発戦略への地熱利用計画の統合並びに地域コミュニティ及び事業者・起業者の参画（地熱を利用した新たな活動の呼び込み）\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E地理的条件の把握や熱需要のアセスメント等を行うための実行可能性調査やパイロット事業に対する支援\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E食料生産や食品加工に携わる労働者のキャパシティ・ビルディング\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E環境への配慮や長期的な経済の持続可能性を踏まえた地熱資源の適切な管理\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、世界地熱連合（the Global Geothermal Alliance）等の国際的なプラットフォームを通じた知見の共有等についても有効である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（本文）https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Jan/Accelerating-geothermal-heat-adoption-in-the-agri-food-sector\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190219_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-02-19", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "アフリカにおけるバイオエネルギーの動向を分析した2種類の報告書「サブサハラアフリカ農村における持続可能なバイオエネルギー解決策」及び「持続可能な収穫：アフリカにおけるアグロフォレストリー及び窒素固定木質作物を活用したバイオエネルギーのポテンシャル」が国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）から公表", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）において、「サブサハラアフリカ農村における持続可能なバイオエネルギー解決策」と「持続可能な収穫：アフリカにおけるアグロフォレストリー及び窒素固定木質作物を活用したバイオエネルギーのポテンシャル」のアフリカを対象とするバイオエネルギーの動向を分析した2種類の報告書がリリースされました。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Ch2\u003E「サブサハラアフリカ農村における持続可能なバイオエネルギー解決策」の概要\u003C/h2\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告は、サブサハラにおいて、食料安全保障の強化、社会福祉の向上、環境の持続可能性の確保に取り組む現地の優良事例をとりまとめたものである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現在、サブサハラアフリカ農村部におけるバイオエネルギーの生産を推進する上で、①森林減少や重労働を伴う持続可能でないバイオエネルギーの原料供給、②呼吸器疾患を引き起こす不健康なエネルギー生産システム、③バイオエネルギー供給の持続可能性を確保するための手段の欠如という３つの課題に直面している。これらは相互に関連しており、それぞれの解決策もまた横断的である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまず、社会的なジェンダーの役割が十分考慮されなければならない。参加型アプローチに取り組むマリの事例が示すように、マイクロファイナンスの導入や調理用エネルギーの改良等を通じた女性の能力向上は、女性の収入向上に寄与する。ガーナでは、宿泊施設に乾燥魚やシアバターを提供する女性グループに対する支援により、バイオエネルギーの持続可能性の向上がみられた。ジェンダーの視点からバイオエネルギーの持続可能性を評価する手法として、バイオエネルギー技術のステークホルダー持続可能性評価ツール（SATBT）は有効である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E生態系に配慮した農法（アグロエコロジー）として、土地の高度差等自然の地形を活用した農法、プッシュ・プル農法、アグロフォレストリー及び放牧の混合型農法等が実践されている。バイオ炭の活用は、サブサハラで広範にみられる酸性土壌の中和によって、土壌水分の保持、作物の微量元素の吸収を促進するバクテリアの養成が図られ、ガーナやケニアではメイズ収量の増加につながった事例が報告されている。上総掘りは、低コストで高度な技術を必要としない地下水の効率的な利用方法として適用が期待されている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E育種を通じた収量向上の取組としては、アグロフォレストリーやエネルギー生産に利用できるAcacia tortilisの林木育種や、サトウキビの新品種の開発等が進められている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新技術の適用も重要であり、例えば、もみ殻やピーナッツ殻等廃棄物からブリケットへの加工、キャッサバ・パルプ等農産加工残渣からエタノールの生産、残渣や廃棄物を利用した発電等の取組がみられる。家畜糞尿からバイオガスを生産するケニアの事例では、生産されたエネルギーが牛乳の冷蔵に利用され、廃棄量の大幅な削減につながっている。エチオピアではコーヒー豆の殻からバイオガスを生成してコーヒーの焙煎を行うなど、循環的な利用が生まれている。また、調理用ストーブの効率改善を通じた伝統的木質バイオマスの利用削減は、Kamado JIko`等多くの実践例があり、環境の保全、薪の採取を行う子供や女性の重労働の開放、呼吸器疾患の減少等に寄与する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eモザンビークでは、無電化村で農民が農地のフェンスとして植栽し、収穫したジャトロファ種子からバイオディーゼルを生産してエネルギーとして利用するとともに、販売で得た収益をデジタル通貨として地域経済に還元する取組が行われている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E　こうした優良事例はいずれもサブサハラアフリカの農民自ら解決手法を提供するものであり、スケールアップが期待される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Jan/Sustainable-Rural-Bioenergy-Solutions-in-Sub-Saharan-Africa-A-collection-of-good-practices\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch2\u003E「持続可能な収穫：アフリカにおけるアグロフォレストリー及び窒素固定木質作物を活用したバイオエネルギーのポテンシャル」の概要\u003C/h2\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の人口増加に伴って食料と燃料の需要拡大が必要となる中、窒素固定木質作物(nitrogen-fixing wood species)を農作物と間作するアグロフォレストリーがその解決のポテンシャルを有している。本書では、アフリカを対象とし、15種類の短伐期型木質作物(short rotation woody crops- SRWCs)について、シナリオ分析に基づき、技術的及び潜在的に収穫可能なバイオマス収量の評価を行っている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E木質作物について、既存のデータベースでは土地ごとの収量データは入手不可能であるが、土壌及び気象データから推定することは可能である。まず、光合成や植物呼吸等の生物物理的プロセスをベースとする「制約条件なしのバイオマス生産ポテンシャル」を分析した上で、気象や土壌の制約要因を踏まえた「理論的な収量ポテンシャル」を算出し、最後に、都市、道路、産業インフラ、森林、保護地域等を考慮した、「技術的な収量ポテンシャル」を算出している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eその結果、窒素固定木質作物の「技術的な収量ポテンシャル」は、ha当たり2トン～16トンと推定された。「理論的な収量ポテンシャル」は、農地で最も高く、農地の95％で短伐期型木質作物の生産ポテンシャルを有している。草地では短伐期型木質作物の生育適地は30％に過ぎないが、生産のポテンシャルは草地で最も高い。耕作が行われていない条件不利地での適用も可能である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E短伐期型木質作物の生育適地は、アフリカ全体で5億5500万haに達する。土地の条件に最も適した樹木を選定の上、耕作地面積の80％に農作物を栽培し、残りの20％に短伐期型木質作物を間作するアグロフォレストリーを実践した場合、木質バイオマスの年間収量は6億8400万トンとなり、13EJの一次エネルギー供給に相当する。ただし、木質作物が伐期に達するのに５～7年要する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農作物との間作によって高収量をあげられる樹木のうち、毎年萌芽更新（annual coppicing）を繰り返すのに適するのは５つの樹種である。こうした集約的施業は、木質作物の収量を減少させる一方、窒素固定効果により農作物の収量は維持することができる。アフリカの主食であるメイズは2400ha万で栽培されているが、そのうち適地とされる1500万haにおいて毎年萌芽更新作業（annual coppicing）の実施を伴うSRWCsの間作を行うと仮定すると、2200万トンの作物増収と300万トンの木材供給が期待される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Jan/Sustainable-harvest--Bioenergy-potential-from-agroforestry-and-nitrogen-fixing-wood-crops-in-Africa\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190219_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-02-19", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合食糧農業機関(FAO) 2018「クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー: アジア・アフリカ・ラテンアメリカにおける成功事例の紹介 [Climate-Smart Agriculture Case studies 2018 - Successful approaches from different regions].」概要 ", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー(Climate-Smart Agriculture: CSA)アプローチ は、農業生産性と農民所得の持続的改善・気候変動に対する強靭性(resilience)と適応力(adaptation)の強化・温室効果ガス排出量の削減、の三本柱によって定義されます。報告書は、成功事例のレビューを通じて、世界のあらゆる問題を解決しうる唯一無二の万能薬的なCSAは存在せず、地域固有のコンテクストに適したCSAの導入が鍵となると結論しています。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eクライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー(Climate-Smart Agriculture: CSA)アプローチ は、農業生産性と農民所得の持続的改善・気候変動に対する強靭性(resilience)と適応力(adaptation)の強化・温室効果ガス排出量の削減、の三本柱によって定義される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書の目的は、FAOが率先して推進してきたCSA事業の中でも、特に農業セクター・農民コミュニティへの便益が大きかった成功事例を紹介する。世界のあらゆる問題を解決しうる唯一無二の万能薬的なCSAは存在せず、地域固有のコンテクストに適したCSAの導入が鍵となる。特定地域の固有な事情に対応したCSAアプローチは、農業・作物・家畜・養殖等の経営において、農民・生産者の短期的・長期的な食料安全保障ニーズに応えつつ、気候変動適応・緩和にも貢献しうる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2018. Climate-Smart Agriculture Case Studies 2018. Successful approaches from different regions. Rome. 44 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/CA2386EN/ca2386en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/CA2386EN/ca2386en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FAOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190807#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-02-19", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Bringing the Concept of Climate-Smart Agriculture to Life: Insights from CSA Country Profiles Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Bringing the Concept of Climate-Smart Agriculture to Life: Insights from CSA Country Profiles Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) country Profile Series assesses the status of climate change in the agricultural sectors of more than 30 countries across Asia, Africa and the Caribbean, including the challenges and solutions. The report also provides an overview of climate-smart technologies around the world, emerging insights, strengths and weaknesses across different dimensions of climate-smartness, and their specific barriers to adoption. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) country Profile Series assesses the status of climate change in the agricultural sectors of more than 30 countries across Asia, Africa and the Caribbean, including the challenges and solutions. The report also provides an overview of climate-smart technologies around the world, emerging insights, strengths and weaknesses across different dimensions of climate-smartness, and their specific barriers to adoption. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) country Profile Series assesses the status of climate change in the agricultural sectors of more than 30 countries across Asia, Africa and the Caribbean, including the challenges and solutions.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The report also provides\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;an overview of climate-smart technologies around the world, emerging insights, strengths and weaknesses across different dimensions of climate-smartness, and their specific barriers to adoption.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESova, C. A., G. Grosjean, T. Baedeker, T. N. Nguyen, M. Wallner, A. Jarvis, A. Nowak, C. Corner-Dolloff, E. Girvetz, P. Laderach, and Lizarazo. M. 2018. “Bringing the Concept of Climate-Smart Agriculture to Life: Insights from CSA Country Profiles Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America.” World Bank, and the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, Washington, DC.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/917051543938012931/pdf/132672-WP-P168692-PUBLIC-4-12-2018-12-27-47-CSAInsightsfromCSAProfiles.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/917051543938012931/pdf/132672-WP-P168692-PUBLIC-4-12-2018-12-27-47-CSAInsightsfromCSAProfiles.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) country Profile Series assesses the status of climate change in the agricultural sectors of more than 30 countries across Asia, Africa and the Caribbean, including the challenges and solutions.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The report also provides\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;an overview of climate-smart technologies around the world, emerging insights, strengths and weaknesses across different dimensions of climate-smartness, and their specific barriers to adoption.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESova, C. A., G. Grosjean, T. Baedeker, T. N. Nguyen, M. Wallner, A. Jarvis, A. Nowak, C. Corner-Dolloff, E. Girvetz, P. Laderach, and Lizarazo. M. 2018. “Bringing the Concept of Climate-Smart Agriculture to Life: Insights from CSA Country Profiles Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America.” World Bank, and the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, Washington, DC.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/917051543938012931/pdf/132672-WP-P168692-PUBLIC-4-12-2018-12-27-47-CSAInsightsfromCSAProfiles.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/917051543938012931/pdf/132672-WP-P168692-PUBLIC-4-12-2018-12-27-47-CSAInsightsfromCSAProfiles.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190219#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-02-19", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "世界銀行2018「クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー(CSA)概念の実践化: アフリカ・アジア・ラテンアメリカにおけるCSA国別プロファイルからの考察 [Bringing the Concept of Climate-Smart Agriculture to Life: Insights from CSA Country Profiles Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America].」概要 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Bringing the Concept of Climate-Smart Agriculture to Life: Insights from CSA Country Profiles Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "極端な気象イベントの頻発による食料生産への壊滅的影響を通じ、世界中で気候変動による農業への負のインパクトが報告されています。同時に、農業は気候変動の主要原因の一つでもあります。本報告書は、アフリカ・アジア・ラテンアメリカからの報告に基づき、クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー(CSA)概念の実践化において重要な要因について論じます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) country Profile Series assesses the status of climate change in the agricultural sectors of more than 30 countries across Asia, Africa and the Caribbean, including the challenges and solutions. The report also provides an overview of climate-smart technologies around the world, emerging insights, strengths and weaknesses across different dimensions of climate-smartness, and their specific barriers to adoption. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E極端な気象イベントの頻発による作物・家畜への甚大な被害と食料生産への壊滅的影響を通じ、世界中で気候変動による農業への負のインパクトが報告されるようになっている。同時に、農業は温室効果ガス(GHG)総排出量の19－20％を占め、気候変動の主要な原因の一つでもある。クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー(CSA)は、農業開発と気候変動対応の統合を通じ、持続的な農業生産性の改善、強靭性の強化、GHG排出削減、を同時に目指すアプローチである。本報告書は、アフリカ・アジア・ラテンアメリカ地域約30か国という異なる地域・農業システムから300近いCSAプロファイルを参照し、CSA概念の実践化において重要な要因について分析した。本書の主要な結論は以下の通りである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eクライメート・スマートな技術は、各地域の状況に応じて極めて多様である。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eその一方、33か国の専門家からクライメート・スマートであると認定された全CSAの50％近くが、水資源管理(water management)、ストレス耐性作物導入(crop tolerance to stress)、混作(intercropping)、有機肥料(organic inputs)、保全農業(conservation agriculture)、に関するものであった。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eクライメート・スマートと認定された技術のほとんどが、生産性・気候変動適応・緩和の三つを同時に満たすことのできる、トリプル・ウイン(triple-wins)潜在性を秘めている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E全対象地域において、農民・専門家・政策決定者に対するトレーニングと情報不足がCSA採用の最大の制約として指摘された。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E万能薬的なCSAは存在せず、圃場レベルにとどまらず、セクター間の調整に配慮した場合に効果が最大化されることが示唆された。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESova, C. A., G. Grosjean, T. Baedeker, T. N. Nguyen, M. Wallner, A. Jarvis, A. Nowak, C. Corner-Dolloff, E. Girvetz, P. Laderach, and Lizarazo. M. 2018. “Bringing the Concept of Climate-Smart Agriculture to Life: Insights from CSA Country Profiles Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America.” World Bank, and the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, Washington, DC.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/917051543938012931/pdf/132672-WP-P168692-PUBLIC-4-12-2018-12-27-47-CSAInsightsfromCSAProfiles.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/917051543938012931/pdf/132672-WP-P168692-PUBLIC-4-12-2018-12-27-47-CSAInsightsfromCSAProfiles.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、世界銀行から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) country Profile Series assesses the status of climate change in the agricultural sectors of more than 30 countries across Asia, Africa and the Caribbean, including the challenges and solutions.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The report also provides\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;an overview of climate-smart technologies around the world, emerging insights, strengths and weaknesses across different dimensions of climate-smartness, and their specific barriers to adoption.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESova, C. A., G. Grosjean, T. Baedeker, T. N. Nguyen, M. Wallner, A. Jarvis, A. Nowak, C. Corner-Dolloff, E. Girvetz, P. Laderach, and Lizarazo. M. 2018. “Bringing the Concept of Climate-Smart Agriculture to Life: Insights from CSA Country Profiles Across Africa, Asia, and Latin America.” World Bank, and the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, Washington, DC.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/917051543938012931/pdf/132672-WP-P168692-PUBLIC-4-12-2018-12-27-47-CSAInsightsfromCSAProfiles.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/917051543938012931/pdf/132672-WP-P168692-PUBLIC-4-12-2018-12-27-47-CSAInsightsfromCSAProfiles.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190411_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-04-11", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）「世界のエネルギー転換：2050年までのロードマップ」の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）は、2018年4月に発表した報告書「世界のエネルギー転換：2050年までのロードマップ」（REmap）において、パリ協定の掲げる2度目標の達成に不可欠なエネルギー起源CO2排出削減を図るシナリオとして、最終エネルギー消費に占める再生可能エネルギーの割合を現状（2015年）の18％から2050年に3分の2まで高める行程等を盛り込み、世界各国が脱炭素化を推進するためのガイダンスを示しました。今回の2019年版REmapでは、昨年の報告を基本としつつ、各国の政策の強化、エネルギー分野の補助金の動向、エネルギー転換による社会経済的影響、再生可能エネルギー電力の価格低下及びその役割拡大等について、新たな分析が加えられています。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）「世界のエネルギー転換：2050年までのロードマップ」（2019年版）の概要\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E再生可能エネルギーのコストは近年急激に低下しており、例えば太陽光発電の平均コストは2010年以降これまでに73％低下し、サウジアラビア、アラブ首長国連邦、ブラジル、米国等、多くの国でkWh当たり２～３米セントに近づいているほか、欧州では風力発電が市場競争力を持つようになっている。再生可能エネルギー発電設備の追加導入は出力ベースで化石燃料のそれをここ7年連続で上回っており、電力利用の拡大がエネルギー転換を促す推進要因としてますます重要になっている。運輸部門では、電気自動車（EV）の販売量や電化バスの導入が加速化しているほか、熱ポンプの利用による地域暖房の電化拡大の動きもみられる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E航空セクターからの排出量は国に例えると世界第8位となり、機体の改良等により年間1.5％の削減が可能である一方、さらなる排出削減のためにはバイオマス由来の航空機燃料の利用促進が不可欠である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパリ協定に基づく各国削減目標（NDCs）を含む各国の策定済みの政策が確実に実施された場合（リファレンス・ケース）でも、2050年の排出量は現状よりわずかに低い水準にとどまり、最低でも2.6℃の気温上昇が見込まれる。実際、過去5年間のエネルギー起源CO2排出は、年率1.3％の割合で増加を続けている。2℃目標を達成を図るシナリオ（REmapケース）では、リファレンス・ケースと比較して、2050年までの累計で400Gt、年率に換算して現時点から毎年3.5％の排出削減が必要となる。これが実現した場合、2050年以降のエネルギー起源CO2排出は現時点のそれよりも7割削減される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EREmapケースにおいて必要となる追加的な排出削減の90％は、電化の促進、エネルギー効率の改善、再生可能エネルギーの利用を組み合わせることによって実現可能であり、それらはいずれも技術的、経済的に実行可能である。このうち再生可能エネルギー由来の電力を用いた電化の促進は排出削減の60％貢献し、再生可能エネルギーの直接利用を含めると、再生可能エネルギー全体の貢献分は75％に達する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EREmapケースでは、最終エネルギー消費に占める近代的再生可能エネルギーの比率が現状の10％（伝統的バイオマスを含めると17％）から2050年に3分の2まで増加する。リファレンス・ケースにおいては再生可能エネルギーの割合が2050年時点でも25％の水準にとどまることを踏まえると、再生可能エネルギーの利用は6倍のペースで加速化が必要となる。また、電力ミックスにおける再生可能エネルギーの割合は現状の25％（7,000TWh）から86％（47,000TWh）まで拡大するとともに、太陽光及び風力等の変動電源が60％を占める。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E主に調理用に用いられる伝統的バイオマスについてはフェーズアウトし、近代的調理器具、電気調理、液化石油ガス（LPG）等への代替が必要である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E最終エネルギーに占める電力の割合は、現状の20％から50％まで拡大し、特に陸上交通では車両の70％が電化される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E航空機、重量貨物、船舶等への先進型液体バイオ燃料の利用拡大とともに、産業における高温加工など、特に電化が難しい分野では、持続可能な形で調達されたバイオエネルギーの利用が重要となる。また、化学や石油化学など、製品製造の加工に熱と原料の両方を必要とするセクターにおいては、バイオエネルギーの果たす役割が大きい。REmapケースでは、バイオエネルギーの一次エネルギー需要は現状の約2倍に相当する125EJとなり、液体バイオ燃料の市場規模は現状の1300億リットルから6520億リットルまで4倍に拡大することが想定される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EREmapケースでは、環境面や健康面の被害の軽減、GDPの底上げ、雇用機会の追加的な創出等、社会経済面での便益向上も期待される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（本文）https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Apr/Global-energy-transformation-A-roadmap-to-2050-2019Edition\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IRENAから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。（\u003Cstrong\u003E文責：研究コーディネーター　　増山寿政\u003C/strong\u003E）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20190412#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-04-12", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合「人口と開発のための国際会議行動計画のレビューと評価」の概要", "@language": "ja" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "最新の国連の世界人口予測によると、2019年現在で77億人の世界人口は、2050年に97億人、21世紀末には110億人へ達するとされる。世界人口の拡大化・高齢化・流動化・特定地域集中化、という人口動態の「メガ・トレンド」は、2030持続開発目標の達成にも影を落としかねない。", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界人口は、かつてないほど、拡大・高齢化・流動化・特定地域集中化、の傾向を呈している。こうした人口動態の「メガ・トレンド」は、2030持続開発目標達成に影響を及ぼしかねない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2019年に77億人に達した世界人口は、増加率の鈍化傾向にもかかわらず増え続け、2050年には97億人、21世紀末には110億人に達するだろうと予測される。人口増と富の拡大は、自然資源とエコシステムに負荷を与えることが懸念される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の一部では、出生率の低下と寿命の延びにより、人口構成の高齢化が不可避となり、世代間格差と様々な社会経済問題を引き起こしている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E都市化の傾向は続き、都市人口比率は2019年の56％から2050年には68％に達すると予想されている。農村から都市への人口移動は経済開発の機会をもたらす一方、無計画な都市化は、貧困層や弱者に過大な社会・経済・環境的負担をもたらしかねない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2000年から2017年の間、国際移動を行った移民は50％増加し、2億5800万人に達したと推計される。そのうち10％は難民であり、迫害や武力衝突から逃れてきた人々である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1994年以来、出生率の下落は世界的な傾向となっており、2019年には女性あたり出生が2.5であったのが、2030年に2.4、さらに2060年代までに人口置換水準 (replacement level) 以下の約2.1まで下落し、少子化傾向に拍車がかかると推測される。サブサハラアフリカでは、出生率は1990-95年の6.2 から下落したものの、いまだに4.8と高水準を保っている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E高いエネルギー利用水準・農業集約化・都市化・産業生産と人口増は、自然資源に負荷をかけ、その影響を被るのは主に弱者である。1999年から2013年まで、世界の地表の植生の約5分の1で生産性は下落し続けている。森林面積は、2000年から2015年まで41億ヘクタールから40億ヘクタールへ減少した。2015年から2016年に栄養不良に陥っている人々の数は7億7700万人から8億1500万人に増加したが、その40－60％は環境条件の悪化に起因する。2017年、5歳以下の子供1億5100万人が成長阻害(stunting)に陥り、5100万人が消耗症(wasting)、3800万人が肥満であった。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E環境悪化は人間の健康にも影響を及ぼしつつある。2016年、700万人の死亡は屋内・屋外空気汚染に起因するものであった。2030-2050年に、気候変動は毎年25万人の死因（高齢者の熱射病、下痢、マラリア、幼児栄養失調）となり、2030年には年間20－40億ドルの費用に相当すると推測される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動はまた、国境内外の人口移動を誘引する。嵐・干ばつ・洪水の頻度は過去30年代増加し、とりわけ途上国の弱者を直撃している。2008年、紛争による移住者460万人に対し、2000万人が異常気象のせいで移住を余儀なくされた。今日まで、気温上昇は、すでに異常気象・干ばつ・洪水・海面上昇・生物多様性の喪失を通じて、脆弱な社会層に環境リスクの負担を強いていおり、食料安全保障の危機に直面した途上国貧困層に移住を強いている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations Commission on Population and Development Fifty-second session 1–5 April 2019 Item 3 (b) of the provisional agenda. Review and appraisal of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and its contribution to the follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.\u0026nbsp; Report of the Secretary-General\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/commission/sessions/2019/index.asp\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/commission/sessions/2019/index.asp\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N19/015/35/PDF/N1901535.pdf?OpenElement\u0022\u003Ehttps://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N19/015/35/PDF/N1901535.pdf?OpenElement\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、国際連合から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190807_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-04-22", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "FSIN Global Report on Food Crises 2019", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "FSIN Global Report on Food Crises 2019", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Food Security Information Network (FSIN) released the Global Report on Food Crises 2019. The report focuses on the plight of millions of people suffering from acute hunger and malnutrition. It also points out that conflict, economic shocks, climate change and natural disasters continue to put the lives and livelihoods of large number of people around the world at risk of hunger. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Food Security Information Network (FSIN) released the Global Report on Food Crises 2019. The report focuses on the plight of millions of people suffering from acute hunger and malnutrition. It also points out that conflict, economic shocks, climate change and natural disasters continue to put the lives and livelihoods of large number of people around the world at risk of hunger. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Food Security Information Network (FSIN) released the Global Report on Food Crises 2019. The report focuses on the plight of millions of people suffering from acute hunger and malnutrition. It also points out that conflict, economic shocks, climate change and natural disasters continue to put the lives and livelihoods of large number of people around the world at risk of hunger.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttp://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC%202019_Full%20Report.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Food Security Information Network (FSIN) released the Global Report on Food Crises 2019. The report focuses on the plight of millions of people suffering from acute hunger and malnutrition. It also points out that conflict, economic shocks, climate change and natural disasters continue to put the lives and livelihoods of large number of people around the world at risk of hunger.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttp://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC%202019_Full%20Report.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190422#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-04-22", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "食料安全保障情報ネットワーク「食料危機に関するグローバル・レポート 2019年版」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "FSIN Global Report on Food Crises 2019", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2018年、紛争地域の政情不安定と異常気象という主に二つの要因により、53か国の1億1300万人にのぼる人々の食料安全保障が脅かされた。これらの人々の三分の二は、アフリカや中東の８か国に集中していた。本報告書は、人道・開発援助にかかわる15機関が協力し、深刻な食料・栄養安全保障上の危機に直面する国々に関するデータ・知識・経験についての知見をまとめている。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Food Security Information Network (FSIN) released the Global Report on Food Crises 2019. The report focuses on the plight of millions of people suffering from acute hunger and malnutrition. It also points out that conflict, economic shocks, climate change and natural disasters continue to put the lives and livelihoods of large number of people around the world at risk of hunger. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界的にみて、急性の食料不足に直面している人々は未だに1億人を超える。2018年に世界を襲った深刻な食料危機により、53か国の1億1300万人にのぼる人々の食料安全保障が脅かされた。これらの人々の三分の二は、危機の深刻さの順に、イエメン、コンゴ民主共和国、アフガニスタン、エチオピア、シリア、スーダン、南スーダン、ナイジェリア（北部）、の８か国に集中していた。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E過去数年間、紛争地域の政情不安定と異常気象という主に二つの要因により、人道的支援を受けずに日常の食料ニーズを満たせない人々の数は増加傾向にある。こうした食料危機に対して人道的支援は不可欠ではあるが、抜本的解決とはならない。これを受け、緊急的人道支援・開発援助・紛争防止の各分野で活動する組織が集まり、緊急食料援助を必要としている人々の直面する問題を根本的に解決する方法を模索するための協力が行われるようになった。本報告書「食料危機に関するグローバル・レポート2019年版(Global Report on Food Crises (GRFC))」では、人道・開発援助にかかわる15機関の協力に基づき、深刻な食料・栄養安全保障上の危機に直面する国々に関するデータ・知識・経験についての知見がまとめられている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFood Security Information Network (FSIN) 2019 Global Report on Food Crises　\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC%202019_Full%20Report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC%202019_Full%20Report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FSINから正式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Food Security Information Network (FSIN) released the Global Report on Food Crises 2019. The report focuses on the plight of millions of people suffering from acute hunger and malnutrition. It also points out that conflict, economic shocks, climate change and natural disasters continue to put the lives and livelihoods of large number of people around the world at risk of hunger.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttp://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC%202019_Full%20Report.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190524#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-05-10", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Summary of the IPBES Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Summary of the IPBES Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES）has published a summary of the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for policy makers. The report includes a comprehensive analysis of the impact of economic development over the past 50 years on natural resources and ecosystems and possible scenarios in the coming decades, based on nearly 15,000 references including scientific papers and government information prepared by experts from 50 countries. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES）has published a summary of the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for policy makers. The report includes a comprehensive analysis of the impact of economic development over the past 50 years on natural resources and ecosystems and possible scenarios in the coming decades, based on nearly 15,000 references including scientific papers and government information prepared by experts from 50 countries. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES）has published a summary of the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for policy makers. The report includes a comprehensive analysis of the impact of economic development over the past 50 years on natural resources and ecosystems and possible scenarios in the coming decades, based on nearly 15,000 references including scientific papers and government information prepared by experts from 50 countries. The key aspects covered by the report are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EAn unprecedented one million out of the eight million species of plants and animals on earth could become extinct within the next few decades.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ehe average abundance of native species in most major land-based habitats has declined by at least 20% since 1900. More than 40% of amphibians, almost 33% of coral reefs, more than 30% of marine mammals, and 10% of insects are threatened with extinction. At least 680 vertebrate species have become extinct since the 16th century and more than 9% of livestock breeds used for food and agriculture have been extinct by 2016, with at least 1,000 more breeds are currently threatened.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe decline in biodiversity is caused by human activities in the following order of descending impact: (1) changes in land and sea use, (2) direct exploitation of organisms, (3) climate change, (4) pollution and (5) Invasive alien species. With the doubling of greenhouse gas emissions since 1980 and raising average temperatures by at least 0.7 degrees Celsius, the impact of climate change is expected to further spread from ecosystem to genetic level.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EBiodiversity deterioration is also a factor to delay the progress towards 80% (35 out of 44) of the assessed targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to related to poverty, hunger, health, water, cities, climate, oceans, forests etc. It should be recognized that it is not only an environmental issue, but an issue related to many fields such as development, economy, security, social and moral issues.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThere are large regional differences in the impact of agricultural expansion in intact ecosystems, but the losses are particularly serious in the tropical region, which boasts the largest biodiversity on earth. For example, between 1980 and 2000, a total of 100 million hectares of tropical forests were lost, mainly due to the expansion of cattle farms in Latin America (42 million hectares) and plantations in Southeast Asia (7.5 million hectares, of which 80% is for palm oil).\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe negative trends in nature, ecosystem functions and nature’s contributions to people are expected to continue to 2050 and beyond, except in scenarios that include transformative change. To support sustainability, the report presents a comprehensive list of possible actions across sectors such as agriculture, marine and freshwater systems management, urbanization, development and socioeconomic issues, as well as food production and energy trade-offs etc.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES）has published a summary of the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for policy makers. The report includes a comprehensive analysis of the impact of economic development over the past 50 years on natural resources and ecosystems and possible scenarios in the coming decades, based on nearly 15,000 references including scientific papers and government information prepared by experts from 50 countries. The key aspects covered by the report are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EAn unprecedented one million out of the eight million species of plants and animals on earth could become extinct within the next few decades.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ehe average abundance of native species in most major land-based habitats has declined by at least 20% since 1900. More than 40% of amphibians, almost 33% of coral reefs, more than 30% of marine mammals, and 10% of insects are threatened with extinction. At least 680 vertebrate species have become extinct since the 16th century and more than 9% of livestock breeds used for food and agriculture have been extinct by 2016, with at least 1,000 more breeds are currently threatened.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe decline in biodiversity is caused by human activities in the following order of descending impact: (1) changes in land and sea use, (2) direct exploitation of organisms, (3) climate change, (4) pollution and (5) Invasive alien species. With the doubling of greenhouse gas emissions since 1980 and raising average temperatures by at least 0.7 degrees Celsius, the impact of climate change is expected to further spread from ecosystem to genetic level.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EBiodiversity deterioration is also a factor to delay the progress towards 80% (35 out of 44) of the assessed targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to related to poverty, hunger, health, water, cities, climate, oceans, forests etc. It should be recognized that it is not only an environmental issue, but an issue related to many fields such as development, economy, security, social and moral issues.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThere are large regional differences in the impact of agricultural expansion in intact ecosystems, but the losses are particularly serious in the tropical region, which boasts the largest biodiversity on earth. For example, between 1980 and 2000, a total of 100 million hectares of tropical forests were lost, mainly due to the expansion of cattle farms in Latin America (42 million hectares) and plantations in Southeast Asia (7.5 million hectares, of which 80% is for palm oil).\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe negative trends in nature, ecosystem functions and nature’s contributions to people are expected to continue to 2050 and beyond, except in scenarios that include transformative change. To support sustainability, the report presents a comprehensive list of possible actions across sectors such as agriculture, marine and freshwater systems management, urbanization, development and socioeconomic issues, as well as food production and energy trade-offs etc.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190510#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-05-10", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "生物多様性及び生態系サービスに関する政府間科学－政策プラットフォーム（IPBES）「生物多様性と生態系サービスに関する地球規模アセスメント報告書」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Summary of the IPBES Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "生物多様性及び生態系サービスに関する政府間科学政策プラットフォーム（IPBES）は、100万種が今から数十年内に絶滅しかねないほど、人類史上かつてない速度で生物多様性と生態系サービスが失われていると警鐘を鳴らしました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES）has published a summary of the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for policy makers. The report includes a comprehensive analysis of the impact of economic development over the past 50 years on natural resources and ecosystems and possible scenarios in the coming decades, based on nearly 15,000 references including scientific papers and government information prepared by experts from 50 countries. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E生物多様性及び生態系サービスに関する政府間科学政策プラットフォーム（Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: IPBES）は、「生物多様性と生態系サービスに関する地球規模アセスメント報告書[Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services]」の政策決定者向け要約を公表した。50か国の専門家が15000件の文献を精査した結果に基づき、過去50年間に経済開発が自然にもたらした影響について包括的に分析するとともに、今後数十年間に起こりうるシナリオを提示したものであり、主な概要は以下のとおり。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・今日、800万の動植物種のうち、100万種が今から数十年内に絶滅しかねないという、人類史上いまだかつてない状況に直面している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・主な陸上生息環境の生物種の豊富さは、1900年以来、平均で少なくとも20％減少した。両生類の40％以上、珊瑚礁を形成する珊瑚の約33％、海洋哺乳類の3分の1以上、昆虫については暫定的な推定で約10％が絶滅の危機にさらされている。16世紀以来少なくとも680種の脊椎動物が絶滅に追いやられ、食料生産や農業に用いられる家畜品種については、2016年までに9％が絶滅したほか、少なくとも1000品種が現在絶滅の危機にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・生物多様性の減少は人間活動に起因するものであり、影響の大きいものから順に、(1)土地及び海洋の利用の変化、(2)生物有機体の直接利用、(3)気候変動、(4)汚染、(5)侵略的外来種が要因と考えられる。1980年以来、温室効果ガスの排出は倍増し、既に気温を少なくとも0.7度押し上げている状況にあって、気候変動の影響は、生態系から遺伝子レベルまでさらに拡大していくと予想されるため、今後その順位が上記(1)(2)を上回る可能性がある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・生物多様性の悪化は、貧困、飢餓、健康、水、都市、気候、海洋、森林等に関連する44のSDGs目標のうち35（80％）の進捗を遅らせる要因にもなっており、単なる環境の問題ではなく、開発、経済、安全保障、社会、規範等多くの分野に関連する課題であることを認識する必要がある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・手つかずの生態系システムは、農業拡大による影響には大きな地域差がみられつつも、とりわけ地球上で最大の生物多様性を誇る熱帯地域での喪失が問題になっている。例えば、1980年から2000年の間、主にラテンアメリカにおける牧牛場(4200万ヘクタール)と東南アジアにおけるプランテーション(750万ヘクタール、内パームオイルが80％)の拡大を原因として、合計1億ヘクタールの熱帯雨林が失われた。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・2050年以降を見通したトレンドは、大きな変革をもたらす政策を実現する場合を除き、いずれのシナリオでも負の影響が続くことが予想される。持続可能性のためには、農業、森林、海洋、淡水、都市、エネルギー、金融等のセクターを横断する取組を進めるとともに、食料生産とエネルギーのトレードオフ、インフラ、淡水と海洋のマネージメント、生物多様性保全等を総合的に考慮する必要がある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IPBESから正式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。（文責：研究戦略室　増山寿政・飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES）has published a summary of the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for policy makers. The report includes a comprehensive analysis of the impact of economic development over the past 50 years on natural resources and ecosystems and possible scenarios in the coming decades, based on nearly 15,000 references including scientific papers and government information prepared by experts from 50 countries. The key aspects covered by the report are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EAn unprecedented one million out of the eight million species of plants and animals on earth could become extinct within the next few decades.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ehe average abundance of native species in most major land-based habitats has declined by at least 20% since 1900. More than 40% of amphibians, almost 33% of coral reefs, more than 30% of marine mammals, and 10% of insects are threatened with extinction. At least 680 vertebrate species have become extinct since the 16th century and more than 9% of livestock breeds used for food and agriculture have been extinct by 2016, with at least 1,000 more breeds are currently threatened.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe decline in biodiversity is caused by human activities in the following order of descending impact: (1) changes in land and sea use, (2) direct exploitation of organisms, (3) climate change, (4) pollution and (5) Invasive alien species. With the doubling of greenhouse gas emissions since 1980 and raising average temperatures by at least 0.7 degrees Celsius, the impact of climate change is expected to further spread from ecosystem to genetic level.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EBiodiversity deterioration is also a factor to delay the progress towards 80% (35 out of 44) of the assessed targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to related to poverty, hunger, health, water, cities, climate, oceans, forests etc. It should be recognized that it is not only an environmental issue, but an issue related to many fields such as development, economy, security, social and moral issues.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThere are large regional differences in the impact of agricultural expansion in intact ecosystems, but the losses are particularly serious in the tropical region, which boasts the largest biodiversity on earth. For example, between 1980 and 2000, a total of 100 million hectares of tropical forests were lost, mainly due to the expansion of cattle farms in Latin America (42 million hectares) and plantations in Southeast Asia (7.5 million hectares, of which 80% is for palm oil).\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EThe negative trends in nature, ecosystem functions and nature’s contributions to people are expected to continue to 2050 and beyond, except in scenarios that include transformative change. To support sustainability, the report presents a comprehensive list of possible actions across sectors such as agriculture, marine and freshwater systems management, urbanization, development and socioeconomic issues, as well as food production and energy trade-offs etc.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190806#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-05-16", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Overview of IRENA report on sugarcane bioenergy in Southern Africa", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Overview of IRENA report on sugarcane bioenergy in Southern Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The International Renewable Agency (IRENA), an intergovernmental organization that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future, has published a study on the bioenergy potential from sugarcane and associated development costs in seven sugar-producing countries in the Southern Africa focusing on economic potential in expanding bioenergy production and reducing price of fuel and electricity. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The International Renewable Agency (IRENA), an intergovernmental organization that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future, has published a study on the bioenergy potential from sugarcane and associated development costs in seven sugar-producing countries in the Southern Africa focusing on economic potential in expanding bioenergy production and reducing price of fuel and electricity. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe International Renewable Agency (IRENA), an intergovernmental organization that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future, has published \u0026nbsp;a study on the bioenergy potential from sugarcane and associated development costs in seven sugar-producing countries in the Southern Africa focusing on economic potential in expanding bioenergy production and reducing price of fuel and electricity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAvailable for download at:\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Mar/Sugarcane-bioenergy-in-Southern-Africa-Economic-potential-for-sustainable-scale-up\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe International Renewable Agency (IRENA), an intergovernmental organization that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future, has published \u0026nbsp;a study on the bioenergy potential from sugarcane and associated development costs in seven sugar-producing countries in the Southern Africa focusing on economic potential in expanding bioenergy production and reducing price of fuel and electricity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAvailable for download at:\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Mar/Sugarcane-bioenergy-in-Southern-Africa-Economic-potential-for-sustainable-scale-up\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190516#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-05-16", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）「南部アフリカにおけるサトウキビからのバイオエネルギー：持続可能なスケールアップに向けた経済的ポテンシャル」の概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Overview of IRENA report on sugarcane bioenergy in Southern Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "南部アフリカではサトウキビ生産が主要な産業となっており、熱、発電、バイオ燃料の原料としの利用も潜在的に大きな可能性を有しています。本報告は、南部アフリカの７カ国を対象として、サトウキビからのバイオエネルギー利用のポテンシャルを分析したものです。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The International Renewable Agency (IRENA), an intergovernmental organization that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future, has published a study on the bioenergy potential from sugarcane and associated development costs in seven sugar-producing countries in the Southern Africa focusing on economic potential in expanding bioenergy production and reducing price of fuel and electricity. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E南部アフリカではサトウキビ生産が主要な産業となっており、熱、発電、バイオ燃料の原料としての利用も潜在的に大きな可能性を有している。本報告は、南部アフリカ再生可能エネルギー・エネルギー効率センター（SACREE）によるこれまでの研究成果を踏まえ、南部アフリカ7か国（エスワティニ、マラウイ、モザンビーク、南アフリカ、タンザニア、ザンビア、ジンバブエ）を対象として、サトウキビからのバイオエネルギー生産のポテンシャル及びその関連コストを分析したものであり、主な分析結果は以下のとおりである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli value=\u002250\u0022\u003E7カ国における現在のサトウキビ栽培面積55.4万haにおいて、収量の改善が図られ、サトウ需要を上回る余剰生産分の全てがバイオエネルギーに転換された場合、ガソリン1リットル当たり平均生産価格0.71米ドルで14億リットルのエタノールの生産が可能。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli value=\u002250\u0022\u003Eサトウキビの栽培面積は、天水栽培による場合は510万ha（９倍）、灌漑を導入した場合は5490万ha（99倍）まで拡大が可能。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli value=\u002250\u0022\u003Eバイオエネルギーの年間生産量は、ガソリンと競争力を持つ価格帯で720億リットルのエタノール、156TWhの電力まで増加が可能。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli value=\u002250\u0022\u003E新たな技術や高収量品種を導入することにより、バイオエネルギー生産のポテンシャルはさらに拡大し、燃料価格や電気代を低減することが可能。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（本文）https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Mar/Sugarcane-bioenergy-in-Southern-Africa-Economic-potential-for-sustainable-scale-up\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IRENAから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。（文責：研究コーディネーター　　増山寿政）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe International Renewable Agency (IRENA), an intergovernmental organization that supports countries in their transition to a sustainable energy future, has published \u0026nbsp;a study on the bioenergy potential from sugarcane and associated development costs in seven sugar-producing countries in the Southern Africa focusing on economic potential in expanding bioenergy production and reducing price of fuel and electricity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAvailable for download at:\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Mar/Sugarcane-bioenergy-in-Southern-Africa-Economic-potential-for-sustainable-scale-up\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/proc/blog/20190619#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-06-18", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Summary of World Population Prospects 2019", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Summary of World Population Prospects 2019", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The 2019 Revision of World Population Prospects has been released by the United Nations Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat providing projections of population growth, demographic estimates, and associated population indicators such as number of births per woman, aging population, proportion of active workers etc. The population is expected to reach 8.5 billion in 2030 (10% increase), 9.7 billion in 2050 (26%), and 10.9 billion in 2100 (42%) from 7.7 million in 2019.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 2019 Revision of World Population Prospects has been released by the United Nations Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat providing projections of population growth, demographic estimates, and associated population indicators such as number of births per woman, aging population, proportion of active workers etc. The population is expected to reach 8.5 billion in 2030 (10% increase), 9.7 billion in 2050 (26%), and 10.9 billion in 2100 (42%) from 7.7 million in 2019.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe world population is projected to increase from 7.7 billion in 2019 to 8.5 billion in 2030 (10% growth), 9.7 billion in 2050 (26%), and 10.9 billion in 2100 (42%). Sub-Saharan Africa\u0027s population will double (99%) by 2050, while projected population growth rates (2019-2050) for other regions are 56% in Oceania (excluding Australia and New Zealand), 46% in North Africa and West Asia, 28 % in Australia and New Zealand, 25% in Central and South Asia, 18% in Latin America and the Caribbean, 3% in East and Southeast Asia, and 2% in Europe and North America.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBy 2050, more than half of the world\u0027s population growth is projected to be concentrated in nine countries: India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Indonesia, Egypt, and the U.S. Around 2027, India is projected to surpass China to become the world\u0027s most populous country. India is expected to surpass China as the world\u0027s most populous country around 2027.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn many countries in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, economic growth will be driven by high growth rates in the working age population (25-64). To realize this \u0022population dividend,\u0022 governments should invest in the education and health of young people.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobally, the number of children per woman is declining, although it remains high in some regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa (4.6).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ratio of the working-age population (25-64) to the population aged 65 and over continues to decline worldwide, which could have a significant impact on public finances, the labor market and economic growth due to the need for spending on health care, pensions, social security and other programs. In particular, Japan, with its aging population, has the lowest ratio in the world at 1.8.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESeveral countries have begun to experience population decline due to low fertility rates and outmigration. China, for example, is projected to lose 31.4 million people between 2019 and 2050. Migration is another important demographic factor, with some countries experiencing outflows due to migration (Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines) and civil war (Syria, Venezuela, Myanmar), while others are experiencing net inflows (Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Russia, Serbia, Ukraine).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe world population is projected to increase from 7.7 billion in 2019 to 8.5 billion in 2030 (10% growth), 9.7 billion in 2050 (26%), and 10.9 billion in 2100 (42%). Sub-Saharan Africa\u0027s population will double (99%) by 2050, while projected population growth rates (2019-2050) for other regions are 56% in Oceania (excluding Australia and New Zealand), 46% in North Africa and West Asia, 28 % in Australia and New Zealand, 25% in Central and South Asia, 18% in Latin America and the Caribbean, 3% in East and Southeast Asia, and 2% in Europe and North America.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBy 2050, more than half of the world\u0027s population growth is projected to be concentrated in nine countries: India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Indonesia, Egypt, and the U.S. Around 2027, India is projected to surpass China to become the world\u0027s most populous country. India is expected to surpass China as the world\u0027s most populous country around 2027.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn many countries in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, economic growth will be driven by high growth rates in the working age population (25-64). To realize this \u0022population dividend,\u0022 governments should invest in the education and health of young people.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobally, the number of children per woman is declining, although it remains high in some regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa (4.6).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ratio of the working-age population (25-64) to the population aged 65 and over continues to decline worldwide, which could have a significant impact on public finances, the labor market and economic growth due to the need for spending on health care, pensions, social security and other programs. In particular, Japan, with its aging population, has the lowest ratio in the world at 1.8.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESeveral countries have begun to experience population decline due to low fertility rates and outmigration. China, for example, is projected to lose 31.4 million people between 2019 and 2050. Migration is another important demographic factor, with some countries experiencing outflows due to migration (Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines) and civil war (Syria, Venezuela, Myanmar), while others are experiencing net inflows (Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Russia, Serbia, Ukraine).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20190618#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-06-18", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合「世界人口予測 ・2019年版 [United Nations (2019). World Population Prospects 2019]」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Summary of World Population Prospects 2019", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2019年6月17日に国連が公表した「世界人口予測・2019年版」によると、世界人口は現在の77億人から、2030年に85億人(10%増) 、2050年には97億人 (26%) 、2100年には109億人(42%) に達すると予測されている。人口動態には地域差が大きく、サブサハラ・アフリカ諸国等では急激な人口増を見込む一方、中国を含め、人口減少に転じていく国もある。同時に、世界的に平均寿命が延びる一方で出生率は下がり続け、日本を筆頭に高齢化が進行し、人口動態は経済成長にも大きな影響を及ぼしかねない。世界人口の動向は、誰一人取り残さない、という持続可能な開発目標 (SDGs)の達成を大きく左右しうる。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 2019 Revision of World Population Prospects has been released by the United Nations Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat providing projections of population growth, demographic estimates, and associated population indicators such as number of births per woman, aging population, proportion of active workers etc. The population is expected to reach 8.5 billion in 2030 (10% increase), 9.7 billion in 2050 (26%), and 10.9 billion in 2100 (42%) from 7.7 million in 2019.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E（2021年の世界人口デーに合わせたPick Up記事は\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20210708_0\u0022\u003Eこちら\u003C/a\u003E）\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界人口は2019年の77億人から、2030年に85億人(10%増)、2050年には97億人(26%)、2100年には109億人(42%)に達すると予測されている。サブサハラ・アフリカの人口は2050年までに倍増(99%)する一方、その他の地域の予想人口増加率(2019-2050年)は、オセアニア(オーストラリア・ニュージーランドを除く)の56％、北アフリカ・西アジア(46%)、オーストラリア・ニュージーランド(28%)、中央・南アジア(25%)、ラテンアメリカ・カリブ諸国(18%)、東・東南アジア(3%)、欧州・北米(2%)と、地域によって異なる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2050年までの世界人口増加の半分以上は、インド、ナイジェリア、パキスタン、コンゴ民主共和国、エチオピア、タンザニア、インドネシア、エジプト、アメリカ、の9か国に集中することが予測される。2027年前後に、インドが中国を上回り、世界最多人口国に浮上すると予測される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサブサハラ・アフリカ諸国の多くと、アジア・ラテンアメリカ・カリブ諸国の一部では、現役世代(25-64歳)の増加率の高さが経済成長を牽引している。この「人口増加の配当」を実現するために、当該政府は、若年層の教育と健康に投資すべきである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界的に、女性一人当たりの子供の数は減少傾向にあるが、サブサハラ・アフリカ(4.6)など、高止まりしている地域もある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E65歳以上人口に対する25-64歳の現役世代の割合は世界的に下がり続け、保健・年金・社会保障等への支出要請により、財政状況・労働市場・経済成長に大きな影響を及ぼしかねない。とりわけ高齢化の進む日本では1.8と世界最低の水準である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E幾つかの国では、低い出生率や移民流出により、人口減少が始まっている。例えば中国では、2019年から2050年の間に3140万人の人口減少が予測されている。移民も人口動態の大きな要因であり、出稼ぎ（バングラディシュ、ネパール、フィリピン）や内戦（シリア、ベネズエラ、ミャンマー）による国外流出を経験する国もあれば、純流入（ベラルーシ、エストニア、ドイツ、ハンガリー、イタリア、日本、ロシア、セルビア、ウクライナ）が予測される国もある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://population.un.org/wpp2019/\u0022\u003Ehttps://population.un.org/wpp2019/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://population.un.org/wpp2019/Publications/Files/WPP2019_10KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://population.un.org/wpp2019/Publications/Files/WPP2019_10KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、国際連合から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe world population is projected to increase from 7.7 billion in 2019 to 8.5 billion in 2030 (10% growth), 9.7 billion in 2050 (26%), and 10.9 billion in 2100 (42%). Sub-Saharan Africa\u0027s population will double (99%) by 2050, while projected population growth rates (2019-2050) for other regions are 56% in Oceania (excluding Australia and New Zealand), 46% in North Africa and West Asia, 28 % in Australia and New Zealand, 25% in Central and South Asia, 18% in Latin America and the Caribbean, 3% in East and Southeast Asia, and 2% in Europe and North America.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBy 2050, more than half of the world\u0027s population growth is projected to be concentrated in nine countries: India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Indonesia, Egypt, and the U.S. Around 2027, India is projected to surpass China to become the world\u0027s most populous country. India is expected to surpass China as the world\u0027s most populous country around 2027.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn many countries in sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, economic growth will be driven by high growth rates in the working age population (25-64). To realize this \u0022population dividend,\u0022 governments should invest in the education and health of young people.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobally, the number of children per woman is declining, although it remains high in some regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa (4.6).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe ratio of the working-age population (25-64) to the population aged 65 and over continues to decline worldwide, which could have a significant impact on public finances, the labor market and economic growth due to the need for spending on health care, pensions, social security and other programs. In particular, Japan, with its aging population, has the lowest ratio in the world at 1.8.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESeveral countries have begun to experience population decline due to low fertility rates and outmigration. China, for example, is projected to lose 31.4 million people between 2019 and 2050. Migration is another important demographic factor, with some countries experiencing outflows due to migration (Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines) and civil war (Syria, Venezuela, Myanmar), while others are experiencing net inflows (Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Russia, Serbia, Ukraine).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190806_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-08-06", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "FAO 2019 Report: The State of Food Security in the World", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "FAO 2019 Report: The State of Food Security in the World", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Food and Agriculture Organization released the 2019 edition of the “State of Food Security in the World” providing an overview of food insecurity, hunger and malnutrition at the global and regional levels. Among the major highlights, it is estimated that more than 820 million people in the world were still hungry in 2018 underscoring the immense challenge of achieving the SDG of Zero Hunger by 2030. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Food and Agriculture Organization released the 2019 edition of the “State of Food Security in the World” providing an overview of food insecurity, hunger and malnutrition at the global and regional levels. Among the major highlights, it is estimated that more than 820 million people in the world were still hungry in 2018 underscoring the immense challenge of achieving the SDG of Zero Hunger by 2030. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Food and Agriculture Organization\u0026nbsp;releasedthe 2019 edition of the “State of Food Security in the World” providing an\u0026nbsp;overview of food insecurity, hunger and malnutrition at the global and regional levels. Among the major highlights, it is estimated that more than 820 million people in the world were still hungry in 2018\u0026nbsp;underscoring the immense challenge of achieving the SDG of Zero Hunger by 2030.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report is available at\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Food and Agriculture Organization\u0026nbsp;releasedthe 2019 edition of the “State of Food Security in the World” providing an\u0026nbsp;overview of food insecurity, hunger and malnutrition at the global and regional levels. Among the major highlights, it is estimated that more than 820 million people in the world were still hungry in 2018\u0026nbsp;underscoring the immense challenge of achieving the SDG of Zero Hunger by 2030.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report is available at\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190806#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-08-06", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合食糧農業機関(FAO)「2019年世界食料・栄養白書 [2019 THE STATE OF FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION IN THE WORLD.」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "FAO 2019 Report: The State of Food Security in the World", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連の発表した2019年世界食料・栄養白書によると、2018年に世界で十分な食料にありつけない人々の数は推定8億2000万人と、前年の8億1100万人を超え、過去3年連続で増加しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Food and Agriculture Organization released the 2019 edition of the “State of Food Security in the World” providing an overview of food insecurity, hunger and malnutrition at the global and regional levels. Among the major highlights, it is estimated that more than 820 million people in the world were still hungry in 2018 underscoring the immense challenge of achieving the SDG of Zero Hunger by 2030. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2019年世界食料・栄養白書によると、2018年に世界で十分な食料にありつけない人々の数は推定8億2000万人と、前年の8億1100万人を超え、過去3年連続で増加し、2030年までに「飢餓をゼロに」とうたった持続可能な開発ゴールの達成に暗雲が立ち込めている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E栄養失調の子供や低体重で生まれる乳児の数を半減させるためのシンポは遅い一方で、過体重や肥満問題は悪化している。こうした問題は、経済成長が低迷し、国際一次産品に依存する中所得国で顕著である。これらの国では所得格差が悪化しており、貧困層や脆弱な社会層が真っ先に経済危機の打撃を受け、栄養問題に直面することになる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカの状況は最も深刻で、とりわけ東アフリカにおいては、気候変動・異常気象や紛争に加え、経済成長の低迷のため、人口の3分の1が栄養失調に陥っていると推定される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E栄養失調に陥った人々の絶対数が多いのはアジア、とりわけ南アジアであり、アフリカとアジアを合わせて世界全体の成長阻害の子供の9割を抱え、南アジアとサブサハラアフリカの子供の3人に一人が成長阻害をこうむっているとされる。同時に、不健康な食生活の蔓延により、アジアとアフリカだけで、世界の過体重の子供の4分の3をカウントするとされている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今年の報告書は、SDG2達成度を測るために、食料安全保障の危機の度合い（the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity）を測る指標を導入した。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FAOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Food and Agriculture Organization\u0026nbsp;releasedthe 2019 edition of the “State of Food Security in the World” providing an\u0026nbsp;overview of food insecurity, hunger and malnutrition at the global and regional levels. Among the major highlights, it is estimated that more than 820 million people in the world were still hungry in 2018\u0026nbsp;underscoring the immense challenge of achieving the SDG of Zero Hunger by 2030.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report is available at\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190826#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-08-09", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Land ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Land ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of scientists assessing the state of scientific knowledge related to climate change, has released a Special Report on Climate Change and Land (SRCCL) summarizing the impact of climate change on desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse emissions in terrestrial ecosystems, on August 8, 2019 in Geneva, Switzerland. \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of scientists assessing the state of scientific knowledge related to climate change, has released a Special Report on Climate Change and Land (SRCCL) summarizing the impact of climate change on desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse emissions in terrestrial ecosystems, on August 8, 2019 in Geneva, Switzerland. \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),\u0026nbsp;a group of scientists\u0026nbsp;assessing the state of scientific knowledge related to climate change, has released a Special Report on\u0026nbsp;Climate Change and Land\u0026nbsp;(SRCCL)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;summarizing the impact of climate change on\u0026nbsp;desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse\u0026nbsp;emissionsin terrestrial ecosystems,on\u0026nbsp;August 8, 2019\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;in Geneva, Switzerland.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at the following links:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/report/srccl/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipcc.ch/report/srccl/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/2019/08/08/land-is-a-critical-resource_srccl/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipcc.ch/2019/08/08/land-is-a-critical-resource_srccl/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),\u0026nbsp;a group of scientists\u0026nbsp;assessing the state of scientific knowledge related to climate change, has released a Special Report on\u0026nbsp;Climate Change and Land\u0026nbsp;(SRCCL)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;summarizing the impact of climate change on\u0026nbsp;desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse\u0026nbsp;emissionsin terrestrial ecosystems,on\u0026nbsp;August 8, 2019\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;in Geneva, Switzerland.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at the following links:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/report/srccl/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipcc.ch/report/srccl/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/2019/08/08/land-is-a-critical-resource_srccl/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipcc.ch/2019/08/08/land-is-a-critical-resource_srccl/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190809#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-08-09", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)「気候変動と土地利用[Climate Change and Land.」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Land ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)が公表した報告書によると、産業革命以来、陸の気温は世界平均気温の2倍近く上昇しました。気候変動は、異常気象を頻発化させ、世界各地で食料安全保障を脅かし、砂漠化や土壌劣化をもたらしています。持続的土地利用の採択・普及を通じて土地・土壌劣化のリスクを削減し、生産から食生活に至るフードシステムの無駄をなくし効率性を高めることが、気候変動の緩和・対応のみならず、持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）達成のために、重要となります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of scientists assessing the state of scientific knowledge related to climate change, has released a Special Report on Climate Change and Land (SRCCL) summarizing the impact of climate change on desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse emissions in terrestrial ecosystems, on August 8, 2019 in Geneva, Switzerland. \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E産業革命以来、陸の気温は世界平均気温の2倍近く上昇した。気候変動は、異常気象を頻発化させ、世界各地で食料安全保障を脅かし、砂漠化や土壌劣化をもたらしている。2007-2016年の期間に、農林業その他土地利用（Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use -AFOLU）は、人間活動を原因とするGHG排出量の23％を占め、個別では、二酸化炭素(CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E)13％、メタン(CH\u003Csub\u003E4\u003C/sub\u003E)44％、亜酸化窒素（N\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003EO）82％の排出の原因となっている。食料生産前（肥料生産等）～生産後（流通・消費等）活動を含むグローバルなフードシステム全体でみれば、世界の人為的GHG排出量の21－37％に相当する量を排出すると推定される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動は人間生活・生物多様性・インフラ・フードシステムに今後も大きな影響を及ぼしていくことは確実である。食料・飼料・繊維・水など資源を大量に消費しつつ、生産性・効率性改善の技術的余地が限られた地域は、とくに気候変動によるリスクに脆弱となりうる。個別の農家から流域規模での持続的土地利用の採択・普及を通じて、土地・土壌劣化のリスクを削減し、同時に、生産から食生活に至るフードシステムの無駄をなくし効率性を高めることが、気候変動の緩和・対応のみならず、持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）達成に貢献しうる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のリンク等から報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/report/srccl/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipcc.ch/report/srccl/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/2019/08/08/land-is-a-critical-resource_srccl/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipcc.ch/2019/08/08/land-is-a-critical-resource_srccl/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IPCCから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),\u0026nbsp;a group of scientists\u0026nbsp;assessing the state of scientific knowledge related to climate change, has released a Special Report on\u0026nbsp;Climate Change and Land\u0026nbsp;(SRCCL)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;summarizing the impact of climate change on\u0026nbsp;desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse\u0026nbsp;emissionsin terrestrial ecosystems,on\u0026nbsp;August 8, 2019\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;in Geneva, Switzerland.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at the following links:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/report/srccl/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipcc.ch/report/srccl/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/2019/08/08/land-is-a-critical-resource_srccl/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipcc.ch/2019/08/08/land-is-a-critical-resource_srccl/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190903#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-08-30", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS exhibit at the Thailand’s Science and Technology Fair 2019", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS exhibit at the Thailand’s Science and Technology Fair 2019", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Thai Science and Technology Fair is the largest fair of the year in Thailand featuring advances in science and technology. The 2019 fair under the concept of “Science, Technology and Innovation: Inspiring Creativity for Better Living and Sustainability for the Nation” was held at the Impact Exhibition and Convention Center in the province of Nonthaburi from August 16-25, 2019.\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Thai Science and Technology Fair is the largest fair of the year in Thailand featuring advances in science and technology. The 2019 fair under the concept of “Science, Technology and Innovation: Inspiring Creativity for Better Living and Sustainability for the Nation” was held at the Impact Exhibition and Convention Center in the province of Nonthaburi from August 16-25, 2019.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Thai Science and Technology Fair is the largest fair of the year in Thailand featuring advances in science and technology. The 2019 fair under the concept of “Science, Technology and Innovation: Inspiring Creativity for Better Living and Sustainability for the Nation” was held at the Impact Exhibition and Convention Center in the province of Nonthaburi from August 16-25, 2019. The Japan Pavilion organized by the Japanese government was participated by the following organizations: (1) National Space Policy Secretariat of the Cabinet Office, (2) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), (3) University of Tokyo / Asian Institute of Technology (UT \u0026amp; AIT), (4) National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), (5) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), (6) Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), (7) Japan-ASEAN Science, Technology and Innovation Platform (JASTIP), (8) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), (9) RIKEN, and (10) Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe JIRCAS Southeast Asia Office in Bangkok has participated in this exhibition every year for more than 10 years. Based on the research achievements of JIRCAS in Thailand, the research on the estimation of CO2 fixed in teak wood widely produced in Thailand as an excellent high-grade material, and the research on the manufacturing process of the traditional fermented food “Ka-nom-jeen” were presented this year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe opening ceremony on August 17 was attended by the Deputy Minister of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (Chief Advisor of the Minister) of Thailand. At the award ceremony held on the 23rd, a trophy was presented to JIRCAS by the Director of the National Science Museum of Thailand for its contribution in the science and technology fair. Overall, more than 1 million visitors participated and contributed in dissemination of science and technology education in Thailand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Thai Science and Technology Fair is the largest fair of the year in Thailand featuring advances in science and technology. The 2019 fair under the concept of “Science, Technology and Innovation: Inspiring Creativity for Better Living and Sustainability for the Nation” was held at the Impact Exhibition and Convention Center in the province of Nonthaburi from August 16-25, 2019. The Japan Pavilion organized by the Japanese government was participated by the following organizations: (1) National Space Policy Secretariat of the Cabinet Office, (2) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), (3) University of Tokyo / Asian Institute of Technology (UT \u0026amp; AIT), (4) National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), (5) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), (6) Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), (7) Japan-ASEAN Science, Technology and Innovation Platform (JASTIP), (8) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), (9) RIKEN, and (10) Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe JIRCAS Southeast Asia Office in Bangkok has participated in this exhibition every year for more than 10 years. Based on the research achievements of JIRCAS in Thailand, the research on the estimation of CO2 fixed in teak wood widely produced in Thailand as an excellent high-grade material, and the research on the manufacturing process of the traditional fermented food “Ka-nom-jeen” were presented this year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe opening ceremony on August 17 was attended by the Deputy Minister of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (Chief Advisor of the Minister) of Thailand. At the award ceremony held on the 23rd, a trophy was presented to JIRCAS by the Director of the National Science Museum of Thailand for its contribution in the science and technology fair. Overall, more than 1 million visitors participated and contributed in dissemination of science and technology education in Thailand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190830#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-08-30", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイ科学技術博覧会2019で国際農研の研究成果を展示", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS exhibit at the Thailand’s Science and Technology Fair 2019", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/liaison", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "海外連絡拠点", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Liaison Office", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "タイ科学技術博覧会2019において、国際農研はチーク材中に固定されているCO2量の推定法およびタイの伝統的発酵食品であるカノムチン製造工程の科学的解明に関する研究成果の展示を行いました。\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Thai Science and Technology Fair is the largest fair of the year in Thailand featuring advances in science and technology. The 2019 fair under the concept of “Science, Technology and Innovation: Inspiring Creativity for Better Living and Sustainability for the Nation” was held at the Impact Exhibition and Convention Center in the province of Nonthaburi from August 16-25, 2019.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eタイ科学技術博覧会は年に1回開催される、タイ国最大の科学技術展覧会です。今年は8月16日から25日の10日間、インパクト展示会議センターにて開催されました。日本国政府が取りまとめて出展している日本パビリオンには、①内閣府宇宙開発戦略推進事務局、②宇宙航空研究開発機構（JAXA）、③東京大学／アジア工科大学（UT\u0026amp;AIT）、④情報通信研究機構（NICT）、⑤科学技術振興機構（JST）、⑥国際農林水産業研究センター（JIRCAS）、⑦日ASEAN科学技術イノベーション共同研究拠点（JASTIP）バンコク研究連絡センター、⑧日本学術振興会（JSPS）、⑨理化学研究所（RIKEN）、⑩日本医療研究開発機構（AMED）が参加しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研がバンコクに設けている東南アジア連絡拠点は、本博覧会に10年以上前から毎年参加しています。タイ国における国際農研の研究成果から、今年は特に二つのテーマを選んで展示しました。一つは、優良高級材としてタイで広く生産されているチーク材中に固定されているCO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E量の推定法に関する研究成果、もう一つはタイの伝統的発酵食品であるカノムチン製造工程の科学的解明に関する研究成果です。17日の開会式典には、高等教育科学研究イノベーション省大臣代理（大臣首席顧問）が出席し、23日に行われた表彰式では、タイ国国立科学博物館の館長から、国際農研の貢献を表彰するトロフィーが贈られました。全体では百万人以上の来場者があり、タイ国における科学技術教育に貢献しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責　安藤象太郎）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Thai Science and Technology Fair is the largest fair of the year in Thailand featuring advances in science and technology. The 2019 fair under the concept of “Science, Technology and Innovation: Inspiring Creativity for Better Living and Sustainability for the Nation” was held at the Impact Exhibition and Convention Center in the province of Nonthaburi from August 16-25, 2019. The Japan Pavilion organized by the Japanese government was participated by the following organizations: (1) National Space Policy Secretariat of the Cabinet Office, (2) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), (3) University of Tokyo / Asian Institute of Technology (UT \u0026amp; AIT), (4) National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), (5) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), (6) Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), (7) Japan-ASEAN Science, Technology and Innovation Platform (JASTIP), (8) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), (9) RIKEN, and (10) Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe JIRCAS Southeast Asia Office in Bangkok has participated in this exhibition every year for more than 10 years. Based on the research achievements of JIRCAS in Thailand, the research on the estimation of CO2 fixed in teak wood widely produced in Thailand as an excellent high-grade material, and the research on the manufacturing process of the traditional fermented food “Ka-nom-jeen” were presented this year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe opening ceremony on August 17 was attended by the Deputy Minister of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (Chief Advisor of the Minister) of Thailand. At the award ceremony held on the 23rd, a trophy was presented to JIRCAS by the Director of the National Science Museum of Thailand for its contribution in the science and technology fair. Overall, more than 1 million visitors participated and contributed in dissemination of science and technology education in Thailand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190911#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-09-11", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Global Commission on Adaptation calls for urgent action on climate resilience", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Global Commission on Adaptation calls for urgent action on climate resilience", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Global Commission on Adaptation released a report “Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience”, urging governments and businesses to take immediate action in dealing with the impacts of climate. Adoption of appropriate adaptation measures can lead to a “triple dividend” through avoiding future losses, generating economic benefits through innovation, and providing social and environmental benefits.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Commission on Adaptation released a report “Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience”, urging governments and businesses to take immediate action in dealing with the impacts of climate. Adoption of appropriate adaptation measures can lead to a “triple dividend” through avoiding future losses, generating economic benefits through innovation, and providing social and environmental benefits.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Commission on Adaptation released a report “Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience”, urging governments and businesses to take immediate action in dealing with the impacts of climate.\u0026nbsp;Adoption of appropriate adaptation measurescan lead to a “triple dividend” through avoiding future losses, generating economic benefits through innovation, and providing social and environmental benefits.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003Ehttps://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2019-09/GlobalCommission_Report_FINAL.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://cdn.gca.org/assets/2019-09/GlobalCommission_Report_FINAL.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Commission on Adaptation released a report “Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience”, urging governments and businesses to take immediate action in dealing with the impacts of climate.\u0026nbsp;Adoption of appropriate adaptation measurescan lead to a “triple dividend” through avoiding future losses, generating economic benefits through innovation, and providing social and environmental benefits.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003Ehttps://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2019-09/GlobalCommission_Report_FINAL.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://cdn.gca.org/assets/2019-09/GlobalCommission_Report_FINAL.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190911#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-09-11", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "気候変動適応グローバル委員会(The Global Commission on Adaptation)「直ちに適応せよ：気候変動への強靭性推進リーダーシップに対する世界的な要請[Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience]」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Global Commission on Adaptation calls for urgent action on climate resilience", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "気候変動は、世界中の地域・社会のあらゆる分野における人々・環境・経済に広範囲かつ壊滅的な影響を及ぼしつつあり、今日、人類が直面する最大の危機の一つである。貧しく、つつましい生活を送り、気候変動をもたらす原因に最も関与していない人々ほど、皮肉にも最大の被害を被っている。適切な適応策の採択は、将来の損失回避、イノベーションを通じた経済利益の創出、社会・環境的な便益の提供、を通じて、「トリプル・ディビデンド(3重の配当)」をもたらしうる。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Commission on Adaptation released a report “Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience”, urging governments and businesses to take immediate action in dealing with the impacts of climate. Adoption of appropriate adaptation measures can lead to a “triple dividend” through avoiding future losses, generating economic benefits through innovation, and providing social and environmental benefits.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E気候変動は、世界中の地域・社会のあらゆる分野における人々・環境・経済に広範囲かつ壊滅的な影響を及ぼしつつあり、今日、人類が直面する最大の危機の一つである。貧しく、つつましい生活を送り、気候変動をもたらす原因に最も関与していない人々ほど、最大の被害を被っている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eもし適切な適応策が直ちに施行されなければ、気候変動は、あらゆる災厄をもたらしかねない。2050年までに、世界の農業生産性の伸びを30％抑制しかねず、世界の5億人の小規模農民が最大の被害者となりうる。十分な水資源にアクセスを持たない人々の数が、現在の36億人から2050年には50億人に増加しかねない。海水面の上昇と深刻な暴風を伴う嵐の増加は、海岸都市に住む数億の人々の居住環境を破壊し、2050年までに毎年1兆億ドル以上の損失をもたらしうる。気候変動は、途上国における貧困線以下の人々の数を2030年までに1億人以上押し上げうる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動が及ぼす人間生活と経済への損害については、反論する余地はない。今問われるのは、気候変動への対応を先延ばしにして拡大する被害への莫大な負担を覚悟するのか、それとも早急に対策をとることで繁栄の可能性を見出すのか、にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書は、適切な適応策の採択が、十分な経済的リターンをもたらしうるものであることを示す。気候変動に対する強靭性の改善への投資利益率は一般に高く、便益費用比率は2:1から10:1とされる。とりわけ、本報告書の分析は、2020-2030年の間に次の5つの分野―早期警戒システム・気候変動に強靭なインフラ・乾燥地農業の改善・マングローブ林保護・水資源の強靭性強化―に1.8兆ドル投資することで得られるリターンは7.1兆ドルに及ぶと推計している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動への適応策は、将来の損失回避、イノベーションを通じた経済利益の創出、社会・環境的な便益の提供、を通じて、「トリプル・ディビデンド(3重の配当)」をもたらしうる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eグローバル委員会は、適応策による経済・社会・環境的便益について事例を挙げている。例えば、ジンバブウェにおいて、従来品種(conventional maize)を使用する農民に比べ、干ばつ耐性メイズ(drought-torelant maize)品種を採用した農民は、ヘクタール当たり600 kg以上高い収量を得ることができ、この追加的収穫によって、6人家族による9か月間分の自家消費をまかなうのみならず、240米ドル相当の追加的所得をもたらすことで、子供の就学等、世帯ニーズをかなえることが可能となった。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のリンク等から報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003Ehttps://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2019-09/GlobalCommission_Report_FINAL.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://cdn.gca.org/assets/2019-09/GlobalCommission_Report_FINAL.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、The Global Commission on Adaptationから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Commission on Adaptation released a report “Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience”, urging governments and businesses to take immediate action in dealing with the impacts of climate.\u0026nbsp;Adoption of appropriate adaptation measurescan lead to a “triple dividend” through avoiding future losses, generating economic benefits through innovation, and providing social and environmental benefits.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003Ehttps://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2019-09/GlobalCommission_Report_FINAL.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://cdn.gca.org/assets/2019-09/GlobalCommission_Report_FINAL.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20190918#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-09-18", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Digitalisation of African Agriculture (D4Ag) Report of the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Digitalisation of African Agriculture (D4Ag) Report of the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/review", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "文献レビュー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Literature Review", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) has published the Digitalisation of African Agriculture (D4Ag) 2018-2019 Report, summarizing the current state of digital agricultural transformation to meet food and nutrition security while responding to climate change. The report focused on how far the D4Ag has advanced as of 2019, providing perspectives on where it will go in the next 3–5 years, and clarifying what it will take to maximize its potential and explore the roles of different stakeholders for agricultural transformation that can feed Africa.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) has published the Digitalisation of African Agriculture (D4Ag) 2018-2019 Report, summarizing the current state of digital agricultural transformation to meet food and nutrition security while responding to climate change. The report focused on how far the D4Ag has advanced as of 2019, providing perspectives on where it will go in the next 3–5 years, and clarifying what it will take to maximize its potential and explore the roles of different stakeholders for agricultural transformation that can feed Africa.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) has published the\u0026nbsp;Digitalisation of African Agriculture (D4Ag) 2018-2019 Report, summarizing the current state of\u0026nbsp;digital agricultural transformation\u0026nbsp;to meet food and nutrition security while responding to climate change. The report\u0026nbsp;focused on how far the D4Ag has advanced as of 2019,\u0026nbsp;providing perspectives on where it\u0026nbsp;will go in the next 3–5 years, and clarifying what it will take to maximize its\u0026nbsp;potential and explore the roles of different stakeholders for\u0026nbsp;agricultural transformation that can feed Africa.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;D4Ag Report\u0026nbsp;2018-2019 can be downloaded\u0026nbsp;at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.cta.int/en/digitalisation-agriculture-africa\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) has published the\u0026nbsp;Digitalisation of African Agriculture (D4Ag) 2018-2019 Report, summarizing the current state of\u0026nbsp;digital agricultural transformation\u0026nbsp;to meet food and nutrition security while responding to climate change. The report\u0026nbsp;focused on how far the D4Ag has advanced as of 2019,\u0026nbsp;providing perspectives on where it\u0026nbsp;will go in the next 3–5 years, and clarifying what it will take to maximize its\u0026nbsp;potential and explore the roles of different stakeholders for\u0026nbsp;agricultural transformation that can feed Africa.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;D4Ag Report\u0026nbsp;2018-2019 can be downloaded\u0026nbsp;at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.cta.int/en/digitalisation-agriculture-africa\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190918#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-09-18", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "農業農村技術協力センター(CTA)「アフリカ農業デジタライゼーション〈デジタル革命〉報告書2018-2019年版 [Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation(CTA): The Digitalisation of African Agriculture Report, 2018-2019.」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Digitalisation of African Agriculture (D4Ag) Report of the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/review", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "文献レビュー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Literature Review", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカは、気候変動に対応しつつ、食料・栄養安全保障を達成するために、現状の生産性水準を大きく引き上げる必要にかられている。アフリカ諸国にとり、農場・農家・アグリフードセクター全体に影響を及ぼす農業デジタル革命 (digitalisation for agriculture – D4Ag)は、農業部門の構造変革を加速させるゲームチェンジャーとなりうる。本書は、2019年時点におけるアフリカのD4Agの現状と、今後3－5年間の展望、さらなる発展に必要な対策、等について論じる。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) has published the Digitalisation of African Agriculture (D4Ag) 2018-2019 Report, summarizing the current state of digital agricultural transformation to meet food and nutrition security while responding to climate change. The report focused on how far the D4Ag has advanced as of 2019, providing perspectives on where it will go in the next 3–5 years, and clarifying what it will take to maximize its potential and explore the roles of different stakeholders for agricultural transformation that can feed Africa.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ、とりわけサブ・サハラアフリカは、気候変動がもたらす干ばつ・洪水・病害虫等による甚大な被害に対応しつつ、食料・栄養安全保障を達成するために、現状の生産性水準を2倍（むしろ3倍）に引き上げる必要にかられている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ諸国にとり、農場・農家・アグリフードセクター全体にかかわる様々な要因に影響を及ぼす農業デジタル革命 (digitalisation for agriculture – D4Ag)は、農業部門の構造変革を加速させるゲームチェンジャーとなりうる。膨大なデータと新しいデジタル農業ソリューションを支えるシステムは、データの質の改善を伴いながら、指数関数的に拡大している。個別農家・圃場の精密なデータをマクロレベルのデータセットと組み合わせ、これらを費用効果的に処理することが初めて可能になりつつある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eデジタル・ソリューションと農業データの持つ潜在性は、以下に挙げられる。まず農民は、個々の事情にテイラーメードされた情報・洞察にアクセスすることで、生産の最適化・適切なプロダクトやサービス獲得・新規市場の獲得、が可能になる。企業はターゲットとする市場セグメントへのより深い理解が可能となり、小規模農家のニーズに合わせた介入が可能となる。同様に、政府も適切なマクロ的政策決定やプログラム策定・施行が可能となる。D4Agが十分な規模で普及することによって、農業システムを構成するセクターは極めて密接に結び付き、リアルタイムでアップグレードされ、サービス・投入財・情報提供コストの大幅な削減を通じ、いまだ経験したことのないような生産性・効率性・透明性の改善を達成することが可能であろう。D4Agは農業構造変化を促すのみならず、アフリカの2.5億の小規模農民・牧畜民の生業を改善しうる。ただし、D4Agは市場効率性・透明性・統合性を改善するが、インフラ・人的ネットワークを代替するものではなく、農民と市場を繋ぐための物的インフラ(道路・電気など)や人的インフラ(普及システム・金融・仲介業など)への投資を並行して行う必要がある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本書は、一次・二次データの多面的分析に基づき、2019年時点におけるアフリカのD4Agの現状と、今後3－5年間の展望、さらなる発展に必要な対策、等について論じる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のリンク等から報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.cta.int/en/digitalisation-agriculture-africa\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、CTAから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA) has published the\u0026nbsp;Digitalisation of African Agriculture (D4Ag) 2018-2019 Report, summarizing the current state of\u0026nbsp;digital agricultural transformation\u0026nbsp;to meet food and nutrition security while responding to climate change. The report\u0026nbsp;focused on how far the D4Ag has advanced as of 2019,\u0026nbsp;providing perspectives on where it\u0026nbsp;will go in the next 3–5 years, and clarifying what it will take to maximize its\u0026nbsp;potential and explore the roles of different stakeholders for\u0026nbsp;agricultural transformation that can feed Africa.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;D4Ag Report\u0026nbsp;2018-2019 can be downloaded\u0026nbsp;at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.cta.int/en/digitalisation-agriculture-africa\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20191003#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-10-03", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Overview of the “United in Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information” released by the Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Overview of the “United in Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information” released by the Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The world\u0027s top organizations on climate change research, including the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have jointly released a report entitled “United in Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information” in line with the UN Climate Change Summit held in New York on September 23, 2019. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The world\u0027s top organizations on climate change research, including the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have jointly released a report entitled “United in Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information” in line with the UN Climate Change Summit held in New York on September 23, 2019. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s top organizations on climate change research, including the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have jointly released a report entitled “United in Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information”, in line with the UN Climate Change Summit held in New York on September 23, 2019. The report provides an in-depth analysis of the current situation which is increasingly diverging from the agreement on global warming countermeasures. It also provides details on the current trends in climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, and the need for socio-economic transformation in land use and the energy sector in order to avoid the risks of irreparable global temperature increase in the future. The report also considers tools that can contribute to both climate change mitigation and adaptation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003Ehttps://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/United_in_Science_ReportFINAL_0.pdf?XqiG0yszsU_sx2vOehOWpCOkm9RdC_gN\u0022\u003Ehttps://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/United_in_Science_ReportFINAL_0.pdf?XqiG0yszsU_sx2vOehOWpCOkm9RdC_gN\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s top organizations on climate change research, including the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have jointly released a report entitled “United in Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information”, in line with the UN Climate Change Summit held in New York on September 23, 2019. The report provides an in-depth analysis of the current situation which is increasingly diverging from the agreement on global warming countermeasures. It also provides details on the current trends in climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, and the need for socio-economic transformation in land use and the energy sector in order to avoid the risks of irreparable global temperature increase in the future. The report also considers tools that can contribute to both climate change mitigation and adaptation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003Ehttps://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/United_in_Science_ReportFINAL_0.pdf?XqiG0yszsU_sx2vOehOWpCOkm9RdC_gN\u0022\u003Ehttps://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/United_in_Science_ReportFINAL_0.pdf?XqiG0yszsU_sx2vOehOWpCOkm9RdC_gN\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191003#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-10-03", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国連気候変動サミット科学諮問グループ(The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019)「科学を通じた団結 - 最新気候変動科学に関するハイレベル報告書 [United In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information]」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Overview of the “United in Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information” released by the Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2019年9月にニューヨークで開催された国連気候変動サミットに合わせ、世界気象機関(WMO)や国連環境計画(UNEP)、気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)など、気候変動研究に関わる世界トップの機関が、温暖化対策への合意と益々乖離しつつある現状に警鐘を鳴らす報告書を共同で公表した。本報告書「科学を通じた団結(United in Science)」は、気候変動の現状と温室効果ガスの排出や大気濃度についてのトレンドを示し、将来取り返しのつかない気温上昇リスクを回避するため、土地利用やエネルギー部門において抜本的な社会経済構造の転換の必要性を訴えている。また、気候変動緩和・適応双方に貢献しうるツールについても検討している。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The world\u0027s top organizations on climate change research, including the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have jointly released a report entitled “United in Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information” in line with the UN Climate Change Summit held in New York on September 23, 2019. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2019年9月にニューヨークで開催された国連気候変動サミットに合わせ、世界気象機関(WMO)や国連環境計画(UNEP)、気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)など、気候変動研究に関わる世界トップの機関が、温暖化対策への合意と益々乖離しつつある現状に警鐘を鳴らす報告書を共同で公表した。本報告書「科学を通じた団結(United in Science)」は、気候変動の現状と温室効果ガスの排出や大気濃度についてのトレンドを示し、将来取り返しのつかない気温上昇リスクを回避するため、土地利用やエネルギー部門において抜本的な社会経済構造の転換の必要性を訴えている。また、気候変動緩和・適応双方に貢献しうるツールについても検討している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMOがコーディネートを務めた本報告書は、権威ありかつ実現可能な最先端科学をわかりやすくパッケージ化して伝えることを目指している。以下、幾つか要点を抜粋する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E2015-2019年の世界の平均気温は史上最も暑かった。現在の気温は、産業化以前(1850-1900)に比べ1.1℃高く、その前の5年間期間の2011-2015年より0.2℃高いと推計される。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界の平均海水面上昇は加速しており、産業界時代以来、海洋の酸性度は全体で26％上昇した。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E化石燃料使用によるCO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E(二酸化炭素)排出は毎年1%以上の速度で上昇し続け、2018年には2％上昇の記録を更新した。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E現在のCO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E(二酸化炭素)、CH\u003Csub\u003E4\u003C/sub\u003E(メタン)、N\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003EO(亜酸化窒素)排出レベルは、1750年以前に比べ、146％、257％、122％、と推計される。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界的な温室効果ガス排出は、2020年どころか2030年までもピークに達せず、増加し続けると予想されている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E2℃ゴールを達成するには、温室効果ガスの排出削減等の現在の国別目標(Nationally Determined Contributions-NDC)を3倍に、1.5℃ゴールを達成するには5倍に引き上げる必要がある。技術的に、まだ現状と理想の乖離を埋めることは可能である。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E産業化以前の水準より気温上昇を1.5℃以内に抑制する努力は、持続可能な開発や貧困撲滅等のゴールと並行して行う必要がある。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のリンク等から報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003Ehttps://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/United_in_Science_ReportFINAL_0.pdf?XqiG0yszsU_sx2vOehOWpCOkm9RdC_gN\u0022\u003Ehttps://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/United_in_Science_ReportFINAL_0.pdf?XqiG0yszsU_sx2vOehOWpCOkm9RdC_gN\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、国連から公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s top organizations on climate change research, including the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have jointly released a report entitled “United in Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information”, in line with the UN Climate Change Summit held in New York on September 23, 2019. The report provides an in-depth analysis of the current situation which is increasingly diverging from the agreement on global warming countermeasures. It also provides details on the current trends in climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, and the need for socio-economic transformation in land use and the energy sector in order to avoid the risks of irreparable global temperature increase in the future. The report also considers tools that can contribute to both climate change mitigation and adaptation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003Ehttps://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/United_in_Science_ReportFINAL_0.pdf?XqiG0yszsU_sx2vOehOWpCOkm9RdC_gN\u0022\u003Ehttps://ane4bf-datap1.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/wmocms/s3fs-public/ckeditor/files/United_in_Science_ReportFINAL_0.pdf?XqiG0yszsU_sx2vOehOWpCOkm9RdC_gN\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20191017#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-10-15", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "The FAO State of Food and Agriculture 2019 focuses on food loss and food waste", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The FAO State of Food and Agriculture 2019 focuses on food loss and food waste", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released the 2019 edition of the State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA 2019). SOFA is a major publication of the FAO which aims to provide the general public with a well-balanced and scientific assessment of important issues in the field of food and agriculture. This new edition addresses the issue of food loss and food waste, providing new estimates as Food Loss Index (FLI) and Food Waste Index (FWI), a comprehensive analysis of the critical loss points in the global food supply chain, and appropriate measures that can be undertaken by policy makers for effective reduction. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released the 2019 edition of the State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA 2019). SOFA is a major publication of the FAO which aims to provide the general public with a well-balanced and scientific assessment of important issues in the field of food and agriculture. This new edition addresses the issue of food loss and food waste, providing new estimates as Food Loss Index (FLI) and Food Waste Index (FWI), a comprehensive analysis of the critical loss points in the global food supply chain, and appropriate measures that can be undertaken by policy makers for effective reduction. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released the 2019 edition of the State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA 2019). SOFA is a major publication of the FAO which aims to provide the general public with\u0026nbsp;a well-balanced and scientific assessment of important issues in the field of food and agriculture.\u0026nbsp;This new edition addresses the issue of food loss and food waste, providing new estimates as Food Loss Index (FLI) and Food Waste Index (FWI), a comprehensive analysis of the critical loss points in the global food supply chain, and appropriate measures that can be undertaken by policy makers for effective reduction.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-agriculture/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/state-of-food-agriculture/en/\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released the 2019 edition of the State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA 2019). SOFA is a major publication of the FAO which aims to provide the general public with\u0026nbsp;a well-balanced and scientific assessment of important issues in the field of food and agriculture.\u0026nbsp;This new edition addresses the issue of food loss and food waste, providing new estimates as Food Loss Index (FLI) and Food Waste Index (FWI), a comprehensive analysis of the critical loss points in the global food supply chain, and appropriate measures that can be undertaken by policy makers for effective reduction.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-agriculture/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/state-of-food-agriculture/en/\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191015#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-10-15", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合食糧農業機関(FAO)「2019年世界食料・農業白書 [THE STATE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019]」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The FAO State of Food and Agriculture 2019 focuses on food loss and food waste", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "食料システム全体の効率性を改善し、食料栄養安全保障と持続可能な開発目標(SDGs)に貢献する上で、食品ロス（Food loss）と廃棄食品（Food waste）の削減は欠かせないが、食品ロス・廃棄の現状に関する情報・知識不足がその実現を困難にしている。2019年世界食料・農業白書は、食品ロス指標（FLI: 小売に到達する前段階までのロスを含む）と食品廃棄指標（FWI: 小売・消費段階でのロス）を提起し、FLIについては初めて14％という推計値を公表した。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released the 2019 edition of the State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA 2019). SOFA is a major publication of the FAO which aims to provide the general public with a well-balanced and scientific assessment of important issues in the field of food and agriculture. This new edition addresses the issue of food loss and food waste, providing new estimates as Food Loss Index (FLI) and Food Waste Index (FWI), a comprehensive analysis of the critical loss points in the global food supply chain, and appropriate measures that can be undertaken by policy makers for effective reduction. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E食料システム全体の効率性を改善し、食料栄養安全保障と持続可能な開発目標(SDGs)に貢献する上で、食品ロス（Food loss）と廃棄食品（Food waste）の削減は欠かせない。しかし、その実現は単純ではなく、食品ロス・廃棄の現状に関する情報・知識不足が目標達成を困難にしている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2019年世界食料・農業白書は、食品ロス（小売に到達する前段階までのロスを含む）と廃棄（小売・消費段階でのロス）を明確に定義し、食品ロス指標(Food Loss Index-FLI)と廃棄食品指標(Food Waste Index-FWI)を提起した。とくに、FLIについては、初めて、FAOにより14％という推計値を公表した。FWIについては、推計手法設計に携わるUNEPより、間もなく推計値が公表される予定である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E食品ロス・廃棄問題について、地域また商品作物群ごとのパターンへの洞察を得るために、FAOは世界中の既存研究についてメタ分析を行った。一般的に、穀物や豆類に比べ、果物や野菜でロスが大きいが、中央・南アジアに比べてサブサハラアフリカ・東南アジアでロスが大きいという地域差も見られる。消費レベルでの食品廃棄については高所得国に特徴的で、動物性食品や果物・野菜でロスが大きい。食品ロス・廃棄の原因も様々であり、生産現場でのロスの原因としては不十分な収穫時間・気候条件・収穫や取扱方法の問題・マーケティングの課題、があげられる。冷蔵貯蔵庫や輸送インフラのほか、加工・パッケージ・取扱に関わる技術的な課題の解決が、量的・質的食品ロスの削減にとって重要である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-agriculture/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/state-of-food-agriculture/en/\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FAOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released the 2019 edition of the State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA 2019). SOFA is a major publication of the FAO which aims to provide the general public with\u0026nbsp;a well-balanced and scientific assessment of important issues in the field of food and agriculture.\u0026nbsp;This new edition addresses the issue of food loss and food waste, providing new estimates as Food Loss Index (FLI) and Food Waste Index (FWI), a comprehensive analysis of the critical loss points in the global food supply chain, and appropriate measures that can be undertaken by policy makers for effective reduction.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/publications/sofa/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-agriculture/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/state-of-food-agriculture/en/\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20191030#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-10-25", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Meeting in Thailand to assess the research needs in controlling fall armyworm", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting in Thailand to assess the research needs in controlling fall armyworm", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "A meeting to assess the research needs in establishing a comprehensive management system for the fall armyworm was co-organized by JIRCAS with Thailand’s Department of Agriculture (DOA), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives from 17th to 18th October 2019. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A meeting to assess the research needs in establishing a comprehensive management system for the fall armyworm was co-organized by JIRCAS with Thailand’s Department of Agriculture (DOA), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives from 17th to 18th October 2019. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe fall armyworm (\u003Cem\u003ESpodoptera frugiperda\u003C/em\u003E) is an insect pest that has an ability to move over 100 km in one day. This species is native to the North and South America, but after its occurrence was confirmed in the African continent in 2016, the distribution expanded to almost the whole of central and southern Africa in about one year. Later, it was discovered in India in 2018, then invaded Southeast Asia such as Thailand during the same year, and in 2019 it was also discovered in Japan. In newly invaded areas, it is causing major economic damage mainly to corn.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA meeting to assess the research needs in establishing a comprehensive management system for the fall armyworm was co-organized by JIRCAS with Thailand’s\u0026nbsp;Department of Agriculture (DOA), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives\u0026nbsp;from 17th to 18th October 2019. Researchers from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) also joined the meeting. It was recognized that if pesticide dependent control, which is implemented as an emergency measure, is continued, there is a high possibility that an insecticide-resistant line will appear immediately. To prevent the appearance of pesticide resistance, the development of a comprehensive control system that combines the use of natural enemies and resistant varieties was strongly recommended. Furthermore, the importance of establishing a joint control system with neighboring countries was considered as a priority in this initiative. In addition, the research topics to be conducted for developing basic technologies required to build a comprehensive control system was also discussed during the meeting.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe fall armyworm (\u003Cem\u003ESpodoptera frugiperda\u003C/em\u003E) is an insect pest that has an ability to move over 100 km in one day. This species is native to the North and South America, but after its occurrence was confirmed in the African continent in 2016, the distribution expanded to almost the whole of central and southern Africa in about one year. Later, it was discovered in India in 2018, then invaded Southeast Asia such as Thailand during the same year, and in 2019 it was also discovered in Japan. In newly invaded areas, it is causing major economic damage mainly to corn.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA meeting to assess the research needs in establishing a comprehensive management system for the fall armyworm was co-organized by JIRCAS with Thailand’s\u0026nbsp;Department of Agriculture (DOA), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives\u0026nbsp;from 17th to 18th October 2019. Researchers from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) also joined the meeting. It was recognized that if pesticide dependent control, which is implemented as an emergency measure, is continued, there is a high possibility that an insecticide-resistant line will appear immediately. To prevent the appearance of pesticide resistance, the development of a comprehensive control system that combines the use of natural enemies and resistant varieties was strongly recommended. Furthermore, the importance of establishing a joint control system with neighboring countries was considered as a priority in this initiative. In addition, the research topics to be conducted for developing basic technologies required to build a comprehensive control system was also discussed during the meeting.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191025#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-10-25", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "タイ農業局において、ツマジロクサヨトウの研究ニーズに関する会議を開催", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting in Thailand to assess the research needs in controlling fall armyworm", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/conference", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "会議概要報告", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Meeting", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農研は、2019年10月17日から18日にかけて、タイ農業局と共催で、農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構の研究者とともに、ツマジロクサヨトウの総合的管理体系構築に向けた研究ニーズの検討を行いました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A meeting to assess the research needs in establishing a comprehensive management system for the fall armyworm was co-organized by JIRCAS with Thailand’s Department of Agriculture (DOA), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives from 17th to 18th October 2019. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eツマジロクサヨトウは、成虫が1日に100kmを超える長距離移動能力を持つ害虫です。本種は南北アメリカ原産ですが、2016年にアフリカ大陸で発生が確認された後、1年ほどでアフリカ中南部のほぼ全域に分布が拡大しました。その後、2018年にインドで発見されたのち、同年中にタイ等の東南アジアに侵入し、2019年には日本でも発見されるに至りました。新しく侵入した地域では、主にトウモロコシ類に大きな経済的被害を及ぼしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、2019年10月17日から18日にかけて、タイ農業局と共催で、農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構の研究者とともに、ツマジロクサヨトウの総合的管理体系構築に向けた研究ニーズの検討を行いました。その結果、１）緊急対策として実施されている、殺虫剤に依存した防除を継続すると、早急に殺虫剤抵抗性系統が出現する可能性が高いこと、２）殺虫剤抵抗性の発達を抑制するためには、天敵や抵抗性品種の利用などを組み合わせた総合防除体系を開発する必要があること、３）そのためには、近隣諸国との共同防除体制の構築が重要であること、が確認されました。また、総合防除体系を構築するために必要となる要素技術について、必要となる研究項目の整理を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe fall armyworm (\u003Cem\u003ESpodoptera frugiperda\u003C/em\u003E) is an insect pest that has an ability to move over 100 km in one day. This species is native to the North and South America, but after its occurrence was confirmed in the African continent in 2016, the distribution expanded to almost the whole of central and southern Africa in about one year. Later, it was discovered in India in 2018, then invaded Southeast Asia such as Thailand during the same year, and in 2019 it was also discovered in Japan. In newly invaded areas, it is causing major economic damage mainly to corn.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA meeting to assess the research needs in establishing a comprehensive management system for the fall armyworm was co-organized by JIRCAS with Thailand’s\u0026nbsp;Department of Agriculture (DOA), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives\u0026nbsp;from 17th to 18th October 2019. Researchers from the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) also joined the meeting. It was recognized that if pesticide dependent control, which is implemented as an emergency measure, is continued, there is a high possibility that an insecticide-resistant line will appear immediately. To prevent the appearance of pesticide resistance, the development of a comprehensive control system that combines the use of natural enemies and resistant varieties was strongly recommended. Furthermore, the importance of establishing a joint control system with neighboring countries was considered as a priority in this initiative. In addition, the research topics to be conducted for developing basic technologies required to build a comprehensive control system was also discussed during the meeting.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20191114#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-11-13", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Chief of World Agroforestry’s Programme Development presents seminar in Tokyo", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Chief of World Agroforestry’s Programme Development presents seminar in Tokyo", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Ms Cathy Watson, Chief of Programme Development at the World Agroforestry (ICRAF) in Nairobi, Kenya gave a presentation entitled “Agroforestry as a nature-based solution”, at a seminar held in Tokyo on November 11, 2019, providing updates on agroforestry, forestry research for development (R4D), drivers, and game-changers with specific examples from developing countries.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ms Cathy Watson, Chief of Programme Development at the World Agroforestry (ICRAF) in Nairobi, Kenya gave a presentation entitled “Agroforestry as a nature-based solution”, at a seminar held in Tokyo on November 11, 2019, providing updates on agroforestry, forestry research for development (R4D), drivers, and game-changers with specific examples from developing countries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EMs Cathy Watson, Chief of Programme Development at the World Agroforestry (ICRAF) in Nairobi, Kenya gave a presentation entitled “Agroforestry as a nature-based solution”, at a seminar held in Tokyo on November 11, 2019. She shared her organization’s experiences with scientists and officers from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), Forestry Agency, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and JIRCAS. In the wake of climate and biodiversity extinction crises, far worse than earlier thought, agroforestry is increasingly seen as a way to restore fragile landscapes by making them more resilient and productive.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;She provided updates on agroforestry, forestry research for development (R4D), drivers, and game-changers with\u0026nbsp;specific examples from developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EMs Cathy Watson, Chief of Programme Development at the World Agroforestry (ICRAF) in Nairobi, Kenya gave a presentation entitled “Agroforestry as a nature-based solution”, at a seminar held in Tokyo on November 11, 2019. She shared her organization’s experiences with scientists and officers from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), Forestry Agency, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and JIRCAS. In the wake of climate and biodiversity extinction crises, far worse than earlier thought, agroforestry is increasingly seen as a way to restore fragile landscapes by making them more resilient and productive.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;She provided updates on agroforestry, forestry research for development (R4D), drivers, and game-changers with\u0026nbsp;specific examples from developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191113#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-11-13", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "World Agroforestry (ICRAF)のCathy Watson氏によるセミナー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Chief of World Agroforestry’s Programme Development presents seminar in Tokyo", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "11月11日、ナイロビに本部のあるワールド・アグロフォレストリーのCathy Watson氏がセミナーを行い、昨今の気候変動・生物多様性をめぐる危機に対する解決策としてのアグロフォレストリーの役割と意義について、途上国からの多くの事例を交えて発表しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ms Cathy Watson, Chief of Programme Development at the World Agroforestry (ICRAF) in Nairobi, Kenya gave a presentation entitled “Agroforestry as a nature-based solution”, at a seminar held in Tokyo on November 11, 2019, providing updates on agroforestry, forestry research for development (R4D), drivers, and game-changers with specific examples from developing countries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E11月11日、ナイロビに本部のあるワールド・アグロフォレストリーのCathy Watson氏の訪日を機に、林野庁・森林総研・JICA・農水省・JIRCASの研究者・行政担当官を対象に、東京にてセミナーが開かれました。Watson氏は、昨今、気候変動・生物多様性をめぐる危機が予測以上に悪化している状況に言及し、アグロフォレストリーが脆弱なランドスケープの強靭性と生産性を改善する役割と意義について、途上国からの多くの事例を交えて発表し、参加者と意見交換を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EMs Cathy Watson, Chief of Programme Development at the World Agroforestry (ICRAF) in Nairobi, Kenya gave a presentation entitled “Agroforestry as a nature-based solution”, at a seminar held in Tokyo on November 11, 2019. She shared her organization’s experiences with scientists and officers from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), Forestry Agency, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and JIRCAS. In the wake of climate and biodiversity extinction crises, far worse than earlier thought, agroforestry is increasingly seen as a way to restore fragile landscapes by making them more resilient and productive.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;She provided updates on agroforestry, forestry research for development (R4D), drivers, and game-changers with\u0026nbsp;specific examples from developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20191202#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-11-20", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "Overview of IRENA publication “Advanced Bioduels: What holds them back?”", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Overview of IRENA publication “Advanced Bioduels: What holds them back?”", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": " The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) released a publication entitled “Advanced Bioduels: What holds them back?” with detailed analyses on the impediments to current investment in advanced liquid biofuels in line with the call for a fivefold increase in consumption in 2050. \r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": " The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) released a publication entitled “Advanced Bioduels: What holds them back?” with detailed analyses on the impediments to current investment in advanced liquid biofuels in line with the call for a fivefold increase in consumption in 2050. \r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) released a publication entitled “Advanced Bioduels: What holds them back?” with detailed analyses on the impediments to current investment in advanced liquid biofuels in line with the call for a\u0026nbsp;fivefold increase in consumption in 2050. The study was based on a survey of various stakeholders including\u0026nbsp;advocacy groups, planners, policy makers and academia\u0026nbsp;with the aim of providing perspective in the market and scaling up the actual usage of biofuels.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Nov/Advanced-biofuels-What-holds-them-back\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) released a publication entitled “Advanced Bioduels: What holds them back?” with detailed analyses on the impediments to current investment in advanced liquid biofuels in line with the call for a\u0026nbsp;fivefold increase in consumption in 2050. The study was based on a survey of various stakeholders including\u0026nbsp;advocacy groups, planners, policy makers and academia\u0026nbsp;with the aim of providing perspective in the market and scaling up the actual usage of biofuels.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Nov/Advanced-biofuels-What-holds-them-back\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191120#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-11-20", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）「先進型バイオ燃料－阻害しているのは何か？」の概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Overview of IRENA publication “Advanced Bioduels: What holds them back?”", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "先進型液体バイオ燃料は、排出削減目標や国際気候約束を達成するための低炭素型運輸システムの実現に不可欠である。液体バイオ燃料の利用は、既存の燃料供給インフラや車両構造の改良がほとんど不要であるため、迅速に普及することが可能であり、温室効果ガスの排出削減に資する。本報告書は、先進型バイオ燃料への投資の阻害要因を分析したものである。バイオ燃料製造企業の責任者へのアンケート調査の結果をもとに、化石燃料と競合環境にある中でバイオ燃料の市場を開拓し、生産を拡大していくための課題について論じている。\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": " The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) released a publication entitled “Advanced Bioduels: What holds them back?” with detailed analyses on the impediments to current investment in advanced liquid biofuels in line with the call for a fivefold increase in consumption in 2050. \r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E先進型液体バイオ燃料は、排出削減目標や国際気候約束を達成するための低炭素型運輸システムの実現に不可欠である。液体バイオ燃料の利用は、既存の燃料供給インフラや車両構造の改良がほとんど不要であるため、迅速に普及することが可能であり、温室効果ガスの排出削減に資する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書は、先進型バイオ燃料への投資の阻害要因を分析したものである。バイオ燃料製造企業の責任者へのアンケート調査の結果をもとに、化石燃料と競合環境にある中でバイオ燃料の市場を開拓し、生産を拡大していくための課題について論じている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E主要な結論は以下のとおりである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E先進型バイオ燃料への投資を行う上で最も重要な障害として挙げられた項目のうち、制度の不透明さが突出した要因となっている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E運輸セクターの脱炭素化には、一つの手段で全体の解決を目指すのではなく、いくつかの代替燃料利用を同時に推進していく方法が望ましい。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E補助金水準の低さ、資金融通コストの高さ、資金アクセス機会の少なさについても、現行のマーケットにおいて障害要因とみられている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E規制者が特別な推進策を講じない限り、セルロース・エタノールは第1世代エタノールとの公正でない価格競争にさらされ、市場を失うおそれが高い。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E温室効果ガス排出量、土地利用変化、間接土地利用変化の推計方法に関する正確性や信用性については疑問も多い。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（本文）https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Nov/Advanced-biofuels-What-holds-them-back\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IRENAから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。（文責：研究コーディネーター　　増山寿政）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) released a publication entitled “Advanced Bioduels: What holds them back?” with detailed analyses on the impediments to current investment in advanced liquid biofuels in line with the call for a\u0026nbsp;fivefold increase in consumption in 2050. The study was based on a survey of various stakeholders including\u0026nbsp;advocacy groups, planners, policy makers and academia\u0026nbsp;with the aim of providing perspective in the market and scaling up the actual usage of biofuels.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Nov/Advanced-biofuels-What-holds-them-back\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20191202_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-11-28", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "World Meteorological Organization Bulletin on the State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "World Meteorological Organization Bulletin on the State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released the Greenhouse Gas Bulletin on the State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018, showing that the global average concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere are 147%, 259% and 123% of pre-industrial levels, respectively.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released the Greenhouse Gas Bulletin on the State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018, showing that the global average concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere are 147%, 259% and 123% of pre-industrial levels, respectively.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released the Greenhouse Gas Bulletin on\u0026nbsp;the State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018. The latest analysis showed that\u0026nbsp;the global average concentrations of 407.8 ppm carbon dioxide (CO2), 1869 ppb methane (CH4), and 331.1 ppb nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere, representing, respectively, 147%, 259% and 123% of pre-industrial levels before the year 1750.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.Xd8h0Ol7mUm\u0022\u003Ehttps://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.Xd8h0Ol7mUm\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released the Greenhouse Gas Bulletin on\u0026nbsp;the State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018. The latest analysis showed that\u0026nbsp;the global average concentrations of 407.8 ppm carbon dioxide (CO2), 1869 ppb methane (CH4), and 331.1 ppb nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere, representing, respectively, 147%, 259% and 123% of pre-industrial levels before the year 1750.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.Xd8h0Ol7mUm\u0022\u003Ehttps://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.Xd8h0Ol7mUm\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191128_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-11-28", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "世界気象機関(WMO)「WMO温室効果ガス年報　 WMO GREENHOUSE GAS BULLETIN」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "World Meteorological Organization Bulletin on the State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界気象機関（WMO）は、地球温暖化を引き起こす大気中の二酸化炭素(CO2)、メタン(CH4)、亜酸化窒素(N2O)の世界平均濃度が 乾燥櫛状最高値を更新し、1750年を基準とした産業化前に比べ、147%(CO2)、259%(CH4) 、 123%(N2O) 、高い水準であると発表した。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released the Greenhouse Gas Bulletin on the State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018, showing that the global average concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere are 147%, 259% and 123% of pre-industrial levels, respectively.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界気象機関（WMO）は、2018年のデータ解析に基づき、地球温暖化を引き起こす大気中の二酸化炭素(CO2)、メタン(CH4)、亜酸化窒素(N2O)の世界平均濃度が 、それぞれ407.8 ppm　(1PPM=100万分の1)、1869 ppb(10億分の1) 、331.1 ppb に達し、過去10年の平均上昇率を上回る速度で、観測史上最高を更新したと発表した。これらの値は、1750年を基準とした産業化前に比べ、147%(CO2)、259%(CH4) 、 123%(N2O) 、高い水準である。1990年から2018年の間、長寿命の温室効果ガス(long-lived greenhouse gases: LLGHG)による放射強制力(radiative forcing)は43%増加したが、そのおよそ8割を二酸化炭素が占める。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGAW プログラム (http://www.wmo.int/gaw) は、温室効果ガス及びその他の微量成分の観測及び解析を組織的にとりまとめている。観測データはまず、参加国によって報告された後、日本の気象庁にある温室効果ガス世界資料センター(World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases: WDCGG)に集められ、管理・運営されている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.Xd8h0Ol7mUm\u0022\u003Ehttps://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.Xd8h0Ol7mUm\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、WMOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released the Greenhouse Gas Bulletin on\u0026nbsp;the State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018. The latest analysis showed that\u0026nbsp;the global average concentrations of 407.8 ppm carbon dioxide (CO2), 1869 ppb methane (CH4), and 331.1 ppb nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere, representing, respectively, 147%, 259% and 123% of pre-industrial levels before the year 1750.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.Xd8h0Ol7mUm\u0022\u003Ehttps://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.Xd8h0Ol7mUm\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20191202_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-11-28", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "UN Environment Program Emissions Gap Report 2019 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "UN Environment Program Emissions Gap Report 2019 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The UN Environment Program (UNEP) Emissions Gap Report for 2019 warns that the global greenhouse gas emissions must fall by 7.6 per cent each year between 2020 and 2030 so that the world will remain on track towards the 1.5°C temperature target under the Paris Agreement and control the impact of climate change. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The UN Environment Program (UNEP) Emissions Gap Report for 2019 warns that the global greenhouse gas emissions must fall by 7.6 per cent each year between 2020 and 2030 so that the world will remain on track towards the 1.5°C temperature target under the Paris Agreement and control the impact of climate change. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe UN Environment Program (UNEP) Emissions Gap Report for 2019 warns that\u0026nbsp;the global greenhouse gas emissions must fall by 7.6 per cent each year between 2020 and 2030 so that the world will remain on track towards the 1.5°C temperature target under the Paris Agreement and control the impact of climate change.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report mentioned that global greenhouse gas emissions have continued to increase at an annual rate of 1.5% over the past 10 years. In 2018, it was estimated that emissions including from land use changes such as deforestation have reached 55.3 gigatons, the highest ever in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent. This indicated that\u0026nbsp;the global average temperature may rise by 3.2 degrees every year\u0026nbsp;even with measures to reduce emissions under the Paris Agreement.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails of the\u0026nbsp;UNEP\u0026nbsp;Emissions Gap Report 2019 and related article\u0026nbsp;are available at the links below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/cut-global-emissions-76-percent-every-year-next-decade-meet-15degc\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/cut-global-emissions-76-percent-every-year-next-decade-meet-15degc\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe UN Environment Program (UNEP) Emissions Gap Report for 2019 warns that\u0026nbsp;the global greenhouse gas emissions must fall by 7.6 per cent each year between 2020 and 2030 so that the world will remain on track towards the 1.5°C temperature target under the Paris Agreement and control the impact of climate change.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report mentioned that global greenhouse gas emissions have continued to increase at an annual rate of 1.5% over the past 10 years. In 2018, it was estimated that emissions including from land use changes such as deforestation have reached 55.3 gigatons, the highest ever in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent. This indicated that\u0026nbsp;the global average temperature may rise by 3.2 degrees every year\u0026nbsp;even with measures to reduce emissions under the Paris Agreement.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails of the\u0026nbsp;UNEP\u0026nbsp;Emissions Gap Report 2019 and related article\u0026nbsp;are available at the links below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/cut-global-emissions-76-percent-every-year-next-decade-meet-15degc\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/cut-global-emissions-76-percent-every-year-next-decade-meet-15degc\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191128#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2019-11-28", "dc:date": "2019", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合環境計画(UNEP)「Emissions Gap Report 2019(温室効果ガス排出抑制目標ギャップ報告書)」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "UN Environment Program Emissions Gap Report 2019 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連環境計画（UNEP）の報告によると、過去10年間、世界の温室効果ガス排出は年率1.5%で増加を続け、2018年には二酸化炭素換算で史上最高の553億トンに達した。2020年から2030年の間、温室効果ガス排出を毎年7.6%減らさなければ、パリ協定のゴールを達成し、気候変動によるインパクトを抑制するための機会を逃しかねない。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The UN Environment Program (UNEP) Emissions Gap Report for 2019 warns that the global greenhouse gas emissions must fall by 7.6 per cent each year between 2020 and 2030 so that the world will remain on track towards the 1.5°C temperature target under the Paris Agreement and control the impact of climate change. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国連環境計画（UNEP）の報告によると、過去10年間、世界の温室効果ガス排出は年率1.5%で増加を続け、2018年、森林破壊等の土地利用変化からの排出も含む推定量は、二酸化炭素換算で史上最高の55.3ギガトン（553億トン）に達した。世界の平均気温の上昇を1.5度に抑制することを目指すパリ協定（Paris Agreement）による排出削減策が実施されたとしても、世界の平均気温は3.2度上昇する可能性がある。1.5度・2度目標の達成には、2020年から2030年の間、温室効果ガス排出をそれぞれ毎年7.6%・2.7%減らさなければ、気候変動によるインパクトを抑制するための機会を逃しかねない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EG20諸国は全体で全温室効果ガス排出の78％を排出する一方、うち、5加盟国のみがゼロ排出ターゲットにコミットしている。オーストラリア、ブラジル、カナダ、日本、韓国、南アフリカ、米国の7か国は、温室効果ガスの排出削減等の現在の国別目標(Nationally Determined Contributions-NDC)を達成するためのさらなる努力が必要である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/cut-global-emissions-76-percent-every-year-next-decade-meet-15degc\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/cut-global-emissions-76-percent-every-year-next-decade-meet-15degc\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、UNEPら公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe UN Environment Program (UNEP) Emissions Gap Report for 2019 warns that\u0026nbsp;the global greenhouse gas emissions must fall by 7.6 per cent each year between 2020 and 2030 so that the world will remain on track towards the 1.5°C temperature target under the Paris Agreement and control the impact of climate change.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report mentioned that global greenhouse gas emissions have continued to increase at an annual rate of 1.5% over the past 10 years. In 2018, it was estimated that emissions including from land use changes such as deforestation have reached 55.3 gigatons, the highest ever in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent. This indicated that\u0026nbsp;the global average temperature may rise by 3.2 degrees every year\u0026nbsp;even with measures to reduce emissions under the Paris Agreement.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails of the\u0026nbsp;UNEP\u0026nbsp;Emissions Gap Report 2019 and related article\u0026nbsp;are available at the links below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/cut-global-emissions-76-percent-every-year-next-decade-meet-15degc\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/cut-global-emissions-76-percent-every-year-next-decade-meet-15degc\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200117#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-01-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "FAO publication on “Digital Technologies in Agriculture and Rural Areas – Status Report”", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "FAO publication on “Digital Technologies in Agriculture and Rural Areas – Status Report”", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Food and Agriculture Organization the United Nations released a new publication identifying the impact of digital innovations and technologies in agriculture and rural areas amidst the future challenges due to increasing world population. The publication entitled “Digital Technologies in Agriculture and Rural Areas – Status Report” provides an overview of the impact of digitalization in agriculture and how it could transform the agri-food value chain. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Food and Agriculture Organization the United Nations released a new publication identifying the impact of digital innovations and technologies in agriculture and rural areas amidst the future challenges due to increasing world population. The publication entitled “Digital Technologies in Agriculture and Rural Areas – Status Report” provides an overview of the impact of digitalization in agriculture and how it could transform the agri-food value chain. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Food and Agriculture Organization the United Nations released a new publication identifying the impact of digital innovations and technologies in agriculture and rural areas amidst the future challenges ue to increasing world population. The publication entitled “Digital Technologies in Agriculture and Rural Areas – Status Report” provides an overview of the impact of digitalization in agriculture and how it could transform the agri-food value chain.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca4985en/ca4985en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca4985en/ca4985en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETrendov, N. M., Varas, S. \u0026amp; Zeng, M. 2019. Digital technologies in agriculture and rural areas – Status report. Rome. Licence: cc by-nc-sa 3.0 igo\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Food and Agriculture Organization the United Nations released a new publication identifying the impact of digital innovations and technologies in agriculture and rural areas amidst the future challenges ue to increasing world population. The publication entitled “Digital Technologies in Agriculture and Rural Areas – Status Report” provides an overview of the impact of digitalization in agriculture and how it could transform the agri-food value chain.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca4985en/ca4985en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca4985en/ca4985en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETrendov, N. M., Varas, S. \u0026amp; Zeng, M. 2019. Digital technologies in agriculture and rural areas – Status report. Rome. Licence: cc by-nc-sa 3.0 igo\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200113#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-01-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際連合食糧農業機関(FAO) (2019)「農業・農村におけるデジタル・テクノロジー: Digital technologies in agriculture and rural areas – Status report.」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "FAO publication on “Digital Technologies in Agriculture and Rural Areas – Status Report”", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "今日、世界のフード・システムは十分な食料を供給できてはいるが、今後増え続ける食料需要に対し、持続的かつ包括的な食料供給を可能にするためには、アグリフード・システムの在り方を早急に変えていかなければならない。第四次産業革命 (Industry 4.0)は、社会のあらゆる分野におけるデジタル技術を通じた破壊的な革新をもたらしているが、農業もその潮流から逃れられない。次の農業革命は、疑いなく、デジタル技術を活用としたものになるであろう。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Food and Agriculture Organization the United Nations released a new publication identifying the impact of digital innovations and technologies in agriculture and rural areas amidst the future challenges due to increasing world population. The publication entitled “Digital Technologies in Agriculture and Rural Areas – Status Report” provides an overview of the impact of digitalization in agriculture and how it could transform the agri-food value chain. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2050年までに、穀物生産は毎年30億トン増加する必要があり、途上国地域における食肉需要は2030年までに80％、2050年までに200％増加することが予測されている。今日、世界のフード・システムは十分な食料を供給できてはいるが、8. 21億人の人々は未だに飢餓状態にある。増え続ける食料需要に対し、2050年までに90億人を超える人々を養いつつ、持続的かつ包括的な食料供給を可能にするためには、アグリフード・システムの在り方を早急に変えていかなければならない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第四次産業革命(Industry 4.0)は、社会のあらゆる分野におけるデジタル技術を通じた破壊的な革新をもたらしているが、農業もその潮流から逃れられない。スマートフォンやリモートセンシングサービスの普及によって、小規模農民もデジタル・アグリフードシステムに包摂されるようになってきている。次の農業革命は、疑いなく、デジタル技術を活用としたものになるであろう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eモバイル接続の新しい波は、農村コミュニティからくると予測される。途上国の最も貧しい2割の人々の間でさえ、7割が携帯電話にアクセスがあるという報告もある。世界人口の4割以上がインターネットにアクセスがあり、とりわけ途上国農村地域に取り残されたグループにもアクセスを拡大しようというイニシアチブが始動している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIndustry 4.0を見越し、今後10年間は、変容する消費者選好と需要、e-コマースの進展、気候変動、といった要因とともに、高度なデジタル技術と革新（ブロックチェーン、IoT、AI, Immerse Reality, etc）がアグリフードシステムを大きく変容させていくことになるであろう。2030年までにSDG2(飢餓をゼロに) を達成するために、より生産的・効率的・持続的・包括的で、透明性と強靭性を持つフードシステムを構築する上で、デジタル・アグリカルチャー・トランスフォーメーションが不可欠である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eデジタル農業の利点は疑うべきもないが、デジタリゼーションを真に社会変革的な過程に変える上でいくつもの課題がある。例えば、データ収集の様式等が統一されておらず、データに関するデジタル解決法が標準化されていない。また、データへのアクセスや利用に関して、所有権にまつわる問題は解決していない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca4985en/ca4985en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca4985en/ca4985en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETrendov, N. M., Varas, S. \u0026amp; Zeng, M. 2019. Digital technologies in agriculture and rural areas – Status report. Rome. Licence: cc by-nc-sa 3.0 igo\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、FAOから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Food and Agriculture Organization the United Nations released a new publication identifying the impact of digital innovations and technologies in agriculture and rural areas amidst the future challenges ue to increasing world population. The publication entitled “Digital Technologies in Agriculture and Rural Areas – Status Report” provides an overview of the impact of digitalization in agriculture and how it could transform the agri-food value chain.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca4985en/ca4985en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca4985en/ca4985en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETrendov, N. M., Varas, S. \u0026amp; Zeng, M. 2019. Digital technologies in agriculture and rural areas – Status report. Rome. Licence: cc by-nc-sa 3.0 igo\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200213#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-02-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "World Economic Forum’s Global Risk Report 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "World Economic Forum’s Global Risk Report 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Global Risk Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum indicate that the top five global risks in terms of likelihood are all environmental including extreme weather events (floods, storms etc.), failure of climate change mitigation and adaptation, human-made environmental damage and disasters (oil spills, radioactive contamination etc.), major natural disasters (earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, geomagnetic storms etc.), and major biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse. The report also emphasized the need for integrated solutions to the world’s most pressing challenges, policymakers to balance economic growth with the protection of the earth, and the private sector to refer to scientific knowledge to avoid catastrophic losses in the future.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Risk Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum indicate that the top five global risks in terms of likelihood are all environmental including extreme weather events (floods, storms etc.), failure of climate change mitigation and adaptation, human-made environmental damage and disasters (oil spills, radioactive contamination etc.), major natural disasters (earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, geomagnetic storms etc.), and major biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse. The report also emphasized the need for integrated solutions to the world’s most pressing challenges, policymakers to balance economic growth with the protection of the earth, and the private sector to refer to scientific knowledge to avoid catastrophic losses in the future.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Risk Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum indicate that\u0026nbsp;the top five global risks in terms of likelihood are all environmental\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;extreme weather events (floods, storms etc.), failure of climate change mitigation and adaptation, human-made environmental damage and disasters (oil spills, radioactive contamination etc.), major natural disasters (earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, geomagnetic storms\u0026nbsp;etc.), and major biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse.\u0026nbsp;The report also emphasized the need for\u0026nbsp;integrated solutions to the world’s most pressing challenges,\u0026nbsp;policymakers to balance economic growth with the protection of the earth, and the private sector to refer to scientific knowledge to avoid catastrophic losses in the future.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/press/2020/01/burning-planet-climate-fires-and-political-flame-wars-rage\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Risk Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum indicate that\u0026nbsp;the top five global risks in terms of likelihood are all environmental\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;extreme weather events (floods, storms etc.), failure of climate change mitigation and adaptation, human-made environmental damage and disasters (oil spills, radioactive contamination etc.), major natural disasters (earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, geomagnetic storms\u0026nbsp;etc.), and major biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse.\u0026nbsp;The report also emphasized the need for\u0026nbsp;integrated solutions to the world’s most pressing challenges,\u0026nbsp;policymakers to balance economic growth with the protection of the earth, and the private sector to refer to scientific knowledge to avoid catastrophic losses in the future.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/press/2020/01/burning-planet-climate-fires-and-political-flame-wars-rage\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200213#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-02-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "世界経済フォーラム (World Economic Forum) (2020)「グローバル・リスク報告書 2020: Global Risk Report 2020」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "World Economic Forum’s Global Risk Report 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "ダボス会議の2020年グローバル・リスク報告書によると、世界のリーダーが今後起こり得るとする上位5つのリスク全てが環境問題・気候変動に関する懸念であった。報告書は、世界のリーダーに向け、社会的分断を修復し経済成長を持続させるための早急な対策を講じなければ、気候危機や生物多様性の損失を回避することは不可能である、と警告した。その上で、政策立案者に対しては経済成長と地球システムの保護を両立させる必要性を、民間企業に対しては将来の壊滅的な損失を回避するために科学的な知見を参照する必要性について、訴えた。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Risk Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum indicate that the top five global risks in terms of likelihood are all environmental including extreme weather events (floods, storms etc.), failure of climate change mitigation and adaptation, human-made environmental damage and disasters (oil spills, radioactive contamination etc.), major natural disasters (earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, geomagnetic storms etc.), and major biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse. The report also emphasized the need for integrated solutions to the world’s most pressing challenges, policymakers to balance economic growth with the protection of the earth, and the private sector to refer to scientific knowledge to avoid catastrophic losses in the future.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eダボス会議の2020年グローバル・リスク報告書によると、世界的なリーダーや政策立案者が次の10年間に起こり得るグローバル・リスクについて問われた結果、報告書の調査開始(2007年)以来初めて、上位5件とも全て環境問題・気候変動に関するものであった。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E次の10年間に起こり得る上位5つのリスク\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E異常気象（例えば、洪水、暴風）：Extreme weather events (e.g. floods, storms, etc.)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E気候変動緩和・適応の失敗：Failure of climate change mitigation and adaptation\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E大規模な自然災害（例えば、地震、津波、噴火、磁気嵐）：Major natural disasters (e.g. earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, geomagnetic storms)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E生物多様性損失とエコシステムの崩壊：Major biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E人為的な環境破壊・災害：Human-made environmental damage and disasters\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E次の10年間に最も深刻な影響が予測される上位5つのリスク\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E気候変動緩和・適応の失敗：Failure of climate change mitigation and adaptation\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E大量破壊兵器：Weapons of mass destruction\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E生物多様性損失とエコシステムの崩壊：Major biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E異常気象（例えば、洪水、暴風）：Extreme weather events (e.g. floods, storms, etc.)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E水危機：Water crises\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E不気味に迫る地政学的・環境的なリスクに立ち向かうには、システム・レベルでの発想が必要となる。報告書は、世界のリーダーに向け、地政学的な混乱が過ぎゆくのを待ち続けるのみで、社会的分断を修復し経済成長を持続させるための早急な対策を講じなければ、気候危機や生物多様性の損失を回避することは不可能である、と警告した。その上で、政策立案者に対しては経済成長と地球システムの保護を両立させる必要性を、民間企業に対しては将来の壊滅的な損失を回避するために科学的な知見を参照する必要性を訴えた。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/press/2020/01/burning-planet-climate-fires-and-political-flame-wars-rage\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、World Economic Forumから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Risk Report 2020 published by the World Economic Forum indicate that\u0026nbsp;the top five global risks in terms of likelihood are all environmental\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;extreme weather events (floods, storms etc.), failure of climate change mitigation and adaptation, human-made environmental damage and disasters (oil spills, radioactive contamination etc.), major natural disasters (earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, geomagnetic storms\u0026nbsp;etc.), and major biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse.\u0026nbsp;The report also emphasized the need for\u0026nbsp;integrated solutions to the world’s most pressing challenges,\u0026nbsp;policymakers to balance economic growth with the protection of the earth, and the private sector to refer to scientific knowledge to avoid catastrophic losses in the future.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/press/2020/01/burning-planet-climate-fires-and-political-flame-wars-rage\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200214#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-02-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "ICRAF Publishes “Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond”", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "ICRAF Publishes “Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond”", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/review", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "文献レビュー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Literature Review", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Agroforestry (ICRAF) published a book entitled “Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond” with the aim of compiling climate-smart technologies and practices towards achieving increased productivity and enhanced resilience to climate change, and to provide guidance for academic, policy, research, outreach and development stakeholders in applying climate-smart technologies. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Agroforestry (ICRAF) published a book entitled “Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond” with the aim of compiling climate-smart technologies and practices towards achieving increased productivity and enhanced resilience to climate change, and to provide guidance for academic, policy, research, outreach and development stakeholders in applying climate-smart technologies. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Agroforestry (ICRAF) published a book entitled “Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond”\u0026nbsp;with the aim of compiling climate-smart technologies and practices\u0026nbsp;towards achieving increased productivity and enhanced resilience to climate change, and\u0026nbsp;to provide guidance for academic, policy, research, outreach and development stakeholders\u0026nbsp;in applying\u0026nbsp;climate-smart technologies.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;book was initiated by ICRAF\u0026nbsp;in collaboration with Oregon State University, Mekelle University,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS and\u0026nbsp;WeForest.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Dr. Miyuki Iiyama, Research Coordinator\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;of the Research Strategy Office is a contributor and\u0026nbsp;one of the editors of this publication.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond. 2019. Kiros Meles Hadgu, Badege Bishaw, Miyuki Iiyama, Emiru Birhane, Aklilu Negussie, Caryn M. Davis, and Bryan Bernart, Editors. World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u0022\u003Ehttp://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Agroforestry (ICRAF) published a book entitled “Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond”\u0026nbsp;with the aim of compiling climate-smart technologies and practices\u0026nbsp;towards achieving increased productivity and enhanced resilience to climate change, and\u0026nbsp;to provide guidance for academic, policy, research, outreach and development stakeholders\u0026nbsp;in applying\u0026nbsp;climate-smart technologies.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;book was initiated by ICRAF\u0026nbsp;in collaboration with Oregon State University, Mekelle University,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS and\u0026nbsp;WeForest.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Dr. Miyuki Iiyama, Research Coordinator\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;of the Research Strategy Office is a contributor and\u0026nbsp;one of the editors of this publication.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond. 2019. Kiros Meles Hadgu, Badege Bishaw, Miyuki Iiyama, Emiru Birhane, Aklilu Negussie, Caryn M. Davis, and Bryan Bernart, Editors. World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u0022\u003Ehttp://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200214#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-02-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "World Agroforestry他共編「クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー　 [Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond]」概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "ICRAF Publishes “Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond”", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/review", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "文献レビュー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Literature Review", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー(CSA)は、生産性向上と気候変動適応・緩和という3つのゴールを同時に達成しうる技術アプローチを指す概念として認知されるようになってきた。World Agroforestry (ICRAF)が、オレゴン州立大学・メケレ大学・WeForest・JIRCASと共同で編纂した本書は、エチオピアを事例に、学術・研究・政策・普及・開発分野の関係者に対し、サブサハラアフリカ地域において適切なCSA技術・慣行・政策を適用する際の手引きを提供することを目指す。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Agroforestry (ICRAF) published a book entitled “Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond” with the aim of compiling climate-smart technologies and practices towards achieving increased productivity and enhanced resilience to climate change, and to provide guidance for academic, policy, research, outreach and development stakeholders in applying climate-smart technologies. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eサブサハラ・アフリカ諸国の小規模農業システムは、水・土壌・自然資源のエコシステム・サービスにより支えられている。過去数十年間に人口が倍増する一方で農業生産性が停滞する中、食料・燃料・所得源への需要増を満たす上で農地拡大が進み、それに伴い、森林破壊と土壌劣化が進行してきた。小規模農民が拠り所としてきたエコシステムがダメージを受けることで食料安全保障が脅かされているが、近年ではさらに気候変動が追い打ちをかけている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eクライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー(CSA)は、気候変動の影響が深刻化していく昨今、生産性向上と気候変動適応・緩和という3つのゴールを同時に達成しうる技術アプローチを指す概念として認知されるようになってきた。CSA概念自体はシンプルであるが、実際には、圃場レベルでの土壌・水管理、流域レベルでの自然資源管理、脱炭素可技術推進のための政策メカニズム、など、幅広い技術・慣行・政策もCSAに含まれうる。また、アフリカにおける小規模農民の置かれた多様な生態系・社会制度を鑑みれば、あらゆる地域や場面で万能薬的に適応可能なCSAは存在しない。実践の際には、対象地域の課題に応じて、圃場・流域・政策にまたがるスケールで複数のCSA技術・慣行・政策を組み合わせていくことも必要である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本書の目的は、エチオピアを事例に、学術・研究・政策・普及・開発分野の関係者に対し、サブサハラアフリカ地域において適切なCSA技術・慣行・政策を適用する際の手引きを提供することにある。本書は、World Agroforestry (ICRAF)により、オレゴン州立大学・メケレ大学・WeForest・JIRCASとの共同で編纂された。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下の報告書原文を参照のこと\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond. 2019. Kiros Meles Hadgu, Badege Bishaw, Miyuki Iiyama, Emiru Birhane, Aklilu Negussie, Caryn M. Davis, and Bryan Bernart, Editors. World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u0022\u003Ehttp://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Agroforestry (ICRAF) published a book entitled “Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond”\u0026nbsp;with the aim of compiling climate-smart technologies and practices\u0026nbsp;towards achieving increased productivity and enhanced resilience to climate change, and\u0026nbsp;to provide guidance for academic, policy, research, outreach and development stakeholders\u0026nbsp;in applying\u0026nbsp;climate-smart technologies.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;book was initiated by ICRAF\u0026nbsp;in collaboration with Oregon State University, Mekelle University,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS and\u0026nbsp;WeForest.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Dr. Miyuki Iiyama, Research Coordinator\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;of the Research Strategy Office is a contributor and\u0026nbsp;one of the editors of this publication.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond. 2019. Kiros Meles Hadgu, Badege Bishaw, Miyuki Iiyama, Emiru Birhane, Aklilu Negussie, Caryn M. Davis, and Bryan Bernart, Editors. World Agroforestry (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u0022\u003Ehttp://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200420#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "1. JIRCAS @ 50th Anniversary: Continuous Commitment to SDGs and Agricultural Research", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "1. JIRCAS @ 50th Anniversary: Continuous Commitment to SDGs and Agricultural Research", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In line with the celebration of the 50th anniversary of JIRCAS this year, the Information Analysis Program has set up this “Pick up” section to provide a forum for world news and topics related to climate change and food security, and to introduce JIRCAS\u0027 research activities related to the field. The opening topic is about SDGs and our continuous commitment to agricultural research. We look forward to your continuous support as we explore recent news and topics related to international agricultural research.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In line with the celebration of the 50th anniversary of JIRCAS this year, the Information Analysis Program has set up this “Pick up” section to provide a forum for world news and topics related to climate change and food security, and to introduce JIRCAS\u0027 research activities related to the field. The opening topic is about SDGs and our continuous commitment to agricultural research. We look forward to your continuous support as we explore recent news and topics related to international agricultural research.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn recent years, abnormal weather\u0026nbsp;and extreme climate events\u0026nbsp;such as heavy rain, floods, droughts and bush\u0026nbsp;fires\u0026nbsp;are occurring frequently\u0026nbsp;all over the world\u0026nbsp;and have become daily items in the news.\u0026nbsp;Even\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Japan, strong\u0026nbsp;typhoons,\u0026nbsp;heat waves and warm winters are\u0026nbsp;now commonplace, and it is becoming\u0026nbsp;apparent\u0026nbsp;that problems that may be caused by global climate change are seriously affecting our daily life and economy.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate change affects the agriculture, forestry and fisheries\u0026nbsp;industry with a great impact in\u0026nbsp;Japan\u0026nbsp;as well as in many\u0026nbsp;developing regions.Whereas\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Japan\u0027s agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector faces a declining birthrate and aging population, in developing regions the challenge is to provide food to an ever-growing population while addressing the uncertainty of climate change. According to the United Nations, the global population of 7.7 billion in 2019 will reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, and the population of Sub-Saharan Africa will double (United Nations\u0026nbsp;2019). The proportion of the world\u0027s urban population is estimated to reach 68% from the current 55%, and it is estimated that nearly 90% of the increase of 2.5 billion people will occur in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa (United Nations\u0026nbsp;2018). It is expected that the demand for agriculture, forestry and\u0026nbsp;fisheries\u0026nbsp;products will increase in quantity and quality due to\u0026nbsp;urbanization and income growth, with the accompanying\u0026nbsp;westernization of dietary habits.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, even in the developing regions, the impact of climate change on agriculture, forestry and fisheries varies depending on locally specific contexts of\u0026nbsp;each country and region that span tropical, subtropical and temperate arid regions. Furthermore, the rapid economic development of emerging countries has widened the gap in developing regions, and the needs for agricultural, forestry and fisheries development are becoming more complex and diversified.\u0026nbsp;On one hand, there\u0026nbsp;are countries\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;regions that are not blessed with water resources and soil, are still in poverty and suffering from malnutrition, and have high needs for increased food production and diversification. On the other, there are\u0026nbsp;those\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;have already been\u0026nbsp;already\u0026nbsp;incorporated into the global food value chain and advanced processing technologies are within reach. In either case, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industries are also expected to play a role in job creation and\u0026nbsp;promotion of\u0026nbsp;industrialization.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan,\u0026nbsp;which derives\u0026nbsp;more than 60% of food supply on a calorie basis from imports on which, in turn, poor developing countries also depend, has been\u0026nbsp;obliged\u0026nbsp;to contribute to\u0026nbsp;ensuring food security at a global level\u0026nbsp;through technical cooperation. Conventional\u0026nbsp;high-input/high-output agricultural technologies\u0026nbsp;of the 20th century that enabled increased food production in developed and some developing\u0026nbsp;countries during\u0026nbsp;the 20th century required\u0026nbsp;a large amount of water resources and chemical fertilizers\u0026nbsp;with adverse side effects on\u0026nbsp;the environment including biodiversity (Springmann et al. 2018).\u0026nbsp;Obviously, the food systems in the 21st century face the major challenge of achieving food security\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;both quality and quantity within the Planetary Boundaries\u0026nbsp;while responding to extreme weather conditions due to climate change (Tamburino et al. 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Sustainable Development\u0026nbsp;Goals\u0026nbsp;(SDGs)\u0026nbsp;adopted by the United Nations in September 2015\u0026nbsp;is now widely recognized not only by the global community but also within Japan. Many\u0026nbsp;activities are being carried out toward\u0026nbsp;17 goals and 169 targets that the world should\u0026nbsp;achieve\u0026nbsp;by 2030\u0026nbsp;(World Bank 2018).\u0026nbsp;There is growing awareness that in order to achieve sustainable development while avoiding irreversible risks such as climate change and environmental degradation, it is necessary to transform the agriculture, forestry and fisheries system that maximizes productivity and resource utilization efficiency (Sachs et al. 2019). At the same time, it is necessary to establish a new research system for agriculture, forestry and fisheries by utilizing the latest digital tools such as smart agriculture while identifying the diverse and ever-changing needs of each country\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;establishment\u0026nbsp;as the Tropical Agricultural Research Center (TARC) in 1970, JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;has been active for half a century as a front-runner in Japan\u0027s\u0026nbsp;international collaborative research in\u0026nbsp;agriculture, forestry and fisheries in the developing regions. JIRCAS has a history of covering all fields of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, conducting collaborative research globally through interdisciplinary cooperation, and directly contributing to solving the problems of joint research partners such as developing countries. On the other hand, today\u0027s global issues and changes in the international environment are fast and complex.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;aims to\u0026nbsp;contribute to the achievement of the SDGs through international joint research and information gathering and provision in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, while taking advantage of its strengths based on its 50-year history and looking at global issues that will continue to grow in importance.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. SDGs\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u0022\u003ESpringmann et al. (2018) Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits.\u0026nbsp;Nature 562:519-525\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211912419301798?via%3Dihub\u0022\u003ETamburino et al. (2020) From population to production: 50 years of scientific literature on how to feed the world. Global Food Security\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u0022\u003ESachs et al. (2019) Six Transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Nature Sustainability\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://population.un.org/wpp2019/Publications/Files/WPP2019_10KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003EUnited Nations (2019). World Population Prospects 2019\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\u0022\u003EUnited Nations (2018). 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1250-7\u0022\u003EWorld Bank (2018) Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018: From World Development Indicators\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn recent years, abnormal weather\u0026nbsp;and extreme climate events\u0026nbsp;such as heavy rain, floods, droughts and bush\u0026nbsp;fires\u0026nbsp;are occurring frequently\u0026nbsp;all over the world\u0026nbsp;and have become daily items in the news.\u0026nbsp;Even\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Japan, strong\u0026nbsp;typhoons,\u0026nbsp;heat waves and warm winters are\u0026nbsp;now commonplace, and it is becoming\u0026nbsp;apparent\u0026nbsp;that problems that may be caused by global climate change are seriously affecting our daily life and economy.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate change affects the agriculture, forestry and fisheries\u0026nbsp;industry with a great impact in\u0026nbsp;Japan\u0026nbsp;as well as in many\u0026nbsp;developing regions.Whereas\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Japan\u0027s agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector faces a declining birthrate and aging population, in developing regions the challenge is to provide food to an ever-growing population while addressing the uncertainty of climate change. According to the United Nations, the global population of 7.7 billion in 2019 will reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, and the population of Sub-Saharan Africa will double (United Nations\u0026nbsp;2019). The proportion of the world\u0027s urban population is estimated to reach 68% from the current 55%, and it is estimated that nearly 90% of the increase of 2.5 billion people will occur in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa (United Nations\u0026nbsp;2018). It is expected that the demand for agriculture, forestry and\u0026nbsp;fisheries\u0026nbsp;products will increase in quantity and quality due to\u0026nbsp;urbanization and income growth, with the accompanying\u0026nbsp;westernization of dietary habits.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, even in the developing regions, the impact of climate change on agriculture, forestry and fisheries varies depending on locally specific contexts of\u0026nbsp;each country and region that span tropical, subtropical and temperate arid regions. Furthermore, the rapid economic development of emerging countries has widened the gap in developing regions, and the needs for agricultural, forestry and fisheries development are becoming more complex and diversified.\u0026nbsp;On one hand, there\u0026nbsp;are countries\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;regions that are not blessed with water resources and soil, are still in poverty and suffering from malnutrition, and have high needs for increased food production and diversification. On the other, there are\u0026nbsp;those\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;have already been\u0026nbsp;already\u0026nbsp;incorporated into the global food value chain and advanced processing technologies are within reach. In either case, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industries are also expected to play a role in job creation and\u0026nbsp;promotion of\u0026nbsp;industrialization.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan,\u0026nbsp;which derives\u0026nbsp;more than 60% of food supply on a calorie basis from imports on which, in turn, poor developing countries also depend, has been\u0026nbsp;obliged\u0026nbsp;to contribute to\u0026nbsp;ensuring food security at a global level\u0026nbsp;through technical cooperation. Conventional\u0026nbsp;high-input/high-output agricultural technologies\u0026nbsp;of the 20th century that enabled increased food production in developed and some developing\u0026nbsp;countries during\u0026nbsp;the 20th century required\u0026nbsp;a large amount of water resources and chemical fertilizers\u0026nbsp;with adverse side effects on\u0026nbsp;the environment including biodiversity (Springmann et al. 2018).\u0026nbsp;Obviously, the food systems in the 21st century face the major challenge of achieving food security\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;both quality and quantity within the Planetary Boundaries\u0026nbsp;while responding to extreme weather conditions due to climate change (Tamburino et al. 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Sustainable Development\u0026nbsp;Goals\u0026nbsp;(SDGs)\u0026nbsp;adopted by the United Nations in September 2015\u0026nbsp;is now widely recognized not only by the global community but also within Japan. Many\u0026nbsp;activities are being carried out toward\u0026nbsp;17 goals and 169 targets that the world should\u0026nbsp;achieve\u0026nbsp;by 2030\u0026nbsp;(World Bank 2018).\u0026nbsp;There is growing awareness that in order to achieve sustainable development while avoiding irreversible risks such as climate change and environmental degradation, it is necessary to transform the agriculture, forestry and fisheries system that maximizes productivity and resource utilization efficiency (Sachs et al. 2019). At the same time, it is necessary to establish a new research system for agriculture, forestry and fisheries by utilizing the latest digital tools such as smart agriculture while identifying the diverse and ever-changing needs of each country\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;establishment\u0026nbsp;as the Tropical Agricultural Research Center (TARC) in 1970, JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;has been active for half a century as a front-runner in Japan\u0027s\u0026nbsp;international collaborative research in\u0026nbsp;agriculture, forestry and fisheries in the developing regions. JIRCAS has a history of covering all fields of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, conducting collaborative research globally through interdisciplinary cooperation, and directly contributing to solving the problems of joint research partners such as developing countries. On the other hand, today\u0027s global issues and changes in the international environment are fast and complex.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;aims to\u0026nbsp;contribute to the achievement of the SDGs through international joint research and information gathering and provision in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, while taking advantage of its strengths based on its 50-year history and looking at global issues that will continue to grow in importance.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. SDGs\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u0022\u003ESpringmann et al. (2018) Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits.\u0026nbsp;Nature 562:519-525\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211912419301798?via%3Dihub\u0022\u003ETamburino et al. (2020) From population to production: 50 years of scientific literature on how to feed the world. Global Food Security\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u0022\u003ESachs et al. (2019) Six Transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Nature Sustainability\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://population.un.org/wpp2019/Publications/Files/WPP2019_10KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003EUnited Nations (2019). World Population Prospects 2019\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\u0022\u003EUnited Nations (2018). 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1250-7\u0022\u003EWorld Bank (2018) Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018: From World Development Indicators\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "1. 持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）と農業研究　－　国際農研＠50周年", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "1. JIRCAS @ 50th Anniversary: Continuous Commitment to SDGs and Agricultural Research", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農研は今年2020年で創立50周年記念を迎えます。これを機に、国際農研の情報収集・提供プログラムでは、気候変動や食料問題などに関する世界のニュースや話題をピックアップし、その分野と関連する国際農研の研究活動を紹介するコーナーを設けることにしました。第一回目である本稿では、持続可能な開発目標(SDGs)の達成に貢献するための農業研究の必要性を概観します。今後も、話題のニュースと国際農業研究を絡めたトピックを取り上げていきますので、ご期待ください。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In line with the celebration of the 50th anniversary of JIRCAS this year, the Information Analysis Program has set up this “Pick up” section to provide a forum for world news and topics related to climate change and food security, and to introduce JIRCAS\u0027 research activities related to the field. The opening topic is about SDGs and our continuous commitment to agricultural research. We look forward to your continuous support as we explore recent news and topics related to international agricultural research.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E近年、世界的に豪雨・洪水・干ばつ・山火事などの異常気象が頻発に発生し、連日ニュースを賑わすようになっています。日本でも、大型台風が頻繁に襲来し、猛暑や暖冬が当たり前のこととなり、地球規模の気候変動に起因すると思われる問題が日々の生活・経済に深刻な影響を及ぼしつつあることに認識が高まっているのではないでしょうか。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動の影響をもろに受けるとされているのが農林水産業であり、日本・開発途上地域ともに大きな影響が出ています。日本の農林水産業部門が少子高齢化の進行に直面しているのに対し、開発途上地域では、気候変動の不確実性に対応しながら、増え続ける人口に食料を供給することが課題です。国連によると、2019年に77億人の世界人口は2050年には100億人近くに達し、サブサハラアフリカの人口は倍増するとされています(UN 2019)。世界都市人口の割合は現在の55％から68％に達するとされ、25憶人の増加のうち90％近くがアジアとサブサハラアフリカでおこると予測されており(UN 2018)、都市化と所得増に伴う食生活の欧米化によって、農林水産物への需要が量・質ともに増加することが見込まれています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E他方、開発途上地域といっても、熱帯・亜熱帯・温帯乾燥地域等にまたがる各国・各地域の固有な条件に応じて、気候変動の農林水産業への影響も様々です。さらに、新興国の急速な経済発展により開発途上地域における格差は拡大し、農林水産業開発ニーズも複雑化・多様化しつつあります。水資源や土壌に恵まれず、未だに貧困・栄養失調を抱え、食料増産や多様化ニーズの高い農業国・地域もあれば、グローバルフードバリューチェーンに既に組み込まれ、加工技術の高度化等を射程に入れた振興国・地域もあります。いずれの場合も、農林水産業は雇用創出・産業化促進の役割も期待されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eカロリーベースで6割強の食料供給を海外に依存する日本にとり、開発途上地域の需要動向に左右されうる世界レベルでの食料安全保障の確保は他人事ではなく、技術協力を通じた貢献が期待されています。一方、20世紀に先進国や新興国等で食料増産を可能にしたハイインプット・ハイアウトプット型の農業技術は、水資源や化学肥料を大量に必要とし、生物多様性を含む地球環境に無視できない影響を及ぼした側面があったことは否めません(Springmann et al. 2018)。21世紀のフードシステムは、気候変動による異常気象に対応しつつ、地球システムに負荷をかけずに質・量両面での食料安全保障を達成するという大きな課題に直面しています (Tamburino et al. 2020) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2015年9月に国連で採択された持続可能な開発 (SDGs)は、今や国内外で広く認知され、2030年までに世界が協調して達成すべき17のゴール・169のターゲットに向かって多面的な活動が展開されています (World Bank 2018) 。気候変動や環境劣化など将来取り返しのつかないリスクを回避しつつ、持続可能な開発を達成するには、生産性・資源利用効率性を最大化する農林水産業システムの転換が必要であるとの認識が高まっています (Sachs et al. 2019) 。同時に、国・地域毎に多様でかつ刻々変化するニーズを見極めながら、デジタル・スマート農業など最新ツール等も活用し、新たな農林水産業研究体制を確立することが求められています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、1970年に熱帯農業研究センター(TARC)として創立して以来半世紀にわたり、開発途上地域における我が国の農林水産業分野の国際共同研究のフロントランナーとして活動を続けてきました。国際農研は農林水産業の全分野をカバーし、学際的・異分野連携による共同研究を世界的に展開し、開発途上国等の共同研相手国の課題解決に直接貢献してきた歴史を有します。他方、今日の地球規模課題・国際環境の変化は速く複合的です。国際農研では、50年の歴史に基づく強みを活かしつつ、今後も重要性を増していく地球規模課題を見据え、農林水産業分野における国際共同研究と情報収集・提供を通じ、SDGs達成への貢献を目指していきます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E50周年を機に、国際農研の情報収集・提供プログラムでは、気候変動や食料問題などに関する世界のニュースや話題をピックアップし、その分野と関連する国際農研の研究活動を紹介するコーナーを設けることにしました。SDGsを取り上げた今回が第一回目となります。今後も、話題のニュースと国際農業研究を絡めたトピックを取り上げていきますので、よろしくお願いいたします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003E参考文献\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. SDGs（持続可能な開発目標）持続可能な開発のための2030アジェンダ 国際農研の取組\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2019) Six Transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Nature Sustainability. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESpringmann et al. (2018) Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits.\u0026nbsp; Nature. 　　　　　　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETamburino et al. (2020) From population to production: 50 years of scientific literature on how to feed the world. Global Food Security.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211912419301798?via%3Dihub\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211912419301798?via%3Dihub\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations (2019). World Population Prospects 2019　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190618\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190618\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://population.un.org/wpp2019/Publications/Files/WPP2019_10KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://population.un.org/wpp2019/Publications/Files/WPP2019_10KeyFindings.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations (2018). 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180523\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180523\u003C/a\u003E;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank (2018) Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018: From World Development Indicators\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1250-7\u0022\u003Ehttps://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1250-7\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn recent years, abnormal weather\u0026nbsp;and extreme climate events\u0026nbsp;such as heavy rain, floods, droughts and bush\u0026nbsp;fires\u0026nbsp;are occurring frequently\u0026nbsp;all over the world\u0026nbsp;and have become daily items in the news.\u0026nbsp;Even\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Japan, strong\u0026nbsp;typhoons,\u0026nbsp;heat waves and warm winters are\u0026nbsp;now commonplace, and it is becoming\u0026nbsp;apparent\u0026nbsp;that problems that may be caused by global climate change are seriously affecting our daily life and economy.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate change affects the agriculture, forestry and fisheries\u0026nbsp;industry with a great impact in\u0026nbsp;Japan\u0026nbsp;as well as in many\u0026nbsp;developing regions.Whereas\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Japan\u0027s agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector faces a declining birthrate and aging population, in developing regions the challenge is to provide food to an ever-growing population while addressing the uncertainty of climate change. According to the United Nations, the global population of 7.7 billion in 2019 will reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, and the population of Sub-Saharan Africa will double (United Nations\u0026nbsp;2019). The proportion of the world\u0027s urban population is estimated to reach 68% from the current 55%, and it is estimated that nearly 90% of the increase of 2.5 billion people will occur in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa (United Nations\u0026nbsp;2018). It is expected that the demand for agriculture, forestry and\u0026nbsp;fisheries\u0026nbsp;products will increase in quantity and quality due to\u0026nbsp;urbanization and income growth, with the accompanying\u0026nbsp;westernization of dietary habits.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, even in the developing regions, the impact of climate change on agriculture, forestry and fisheries varies depending on locally specific contexts of\u0026nbsp;each country and region that span tropical, subtropical and temperate arid regions. Furthermore, the rapid economic development of emerging countries has widened the gap in developing regions, and the needs for agricultural, forestry and fisheries development are becoming more complex and diversified.\u0026nbsp;On one hand, there\u0026nbsp;are countries\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;regions that are not blessed with water resources and soil, are still in poverty and suffering from malnutrition, and have high needs for increased food production and diversification. On the other, there are\u0026nbsp;those\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;have already been\u0026nbsp;already\u0026nbsp;incorporated into the global food value chain and advanced processing technologies are within reach. In either case, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industries are also expected to play a role in job creation and\u0026nbsp;promotion of\u0026nbsp;industrialization.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan,\u0026nbsp;which derives\u0026nbsp;more than 60% of food supply on a calorie basis from imports on which, in turn, poor developing countries also depend, has been\u0026nbsp;obliged\u0026nbsp;to contribute to\u0026nbsp;ensuring food security at a global level\u0026nbsp;through technical cooperation. Conventional\u0026nbsp;high-input/high-output agricultural technologies\u0026nbsp;of the 20th century that enabled increased food production in developed and some developing\u0026nbsp;countries during\u0026nbsp;the 20th century required\u0026nbsp;a large amount of water resources and chemical fertilizers\u0026nbsp;with adverse side effects on\u0026nbsp;the environment including biodiversity (Springmann et al. 2018).\u0026nbsp;Obviously, the food systems in the 21st century face the major challenge of achieving food security\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;both quality and quantity within the Planetary Boundaries\u0026nbsp;while responding to extreme weather conditions due to climate change (Tamburino et al. 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Sustainable Development\u0026nbsp;Goals\u0026nbsp;(SDGs)\u0026nbsp;adopted by the United Nations in September 2015\u0026nbsp;is now widely recognized not only by the global community but also within Japan. Many\u0026nbsp;activities are being carried out toward\u0026nbsp;17 goals and 169 targets that the world should\u0026nbsp;achieve\u0026nbsp;by 2030\u0026nbsp;(World Bank 2018).\u0026nbsp;There is growing awareness that in order to achieve sustainable development while avoiding irreversible risks such as climate change and environmental degradation, it is necessary to transform the agriculture, forestry and fisheries system that maximizes productivity and resource utilization efficiency (Sachs et al. 2019). At the same time, it is necessary to establish a new research system for agriculture, forestry and fisheries by utilizing the latest digital tools such as smart agriculture while identifying the diverse and ever-changing needs of each country\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;establishment\u0026nbsp;as the Tropical Agricultural Research Center (TARC) in 1970, JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;has been active for half a century as a front-runner in Japan\u0027s\u0026nbsp;international collaborative research in\u0026nbsp;agriculture, forestry and fisheries in the developing regions. JIRCAS has a history of covering all fields of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, conducting collaborative research globally through interdisciplinary cooperation, and directly contributing to solving the problems of joint research partners such as developing countries. On the other hand, today\u0027s global issues and changes in the international environment are fast and complex.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;aims to\u0026nbsp;contribute to the achievement of the SDGs through international joint research and information gathering and provision in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, while taking advantage of its strengths based on its 50-year history and looking at global issues that will continue to grow in importance.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. SDGs\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u0022\u003ESpringmann et al. (2018) Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits.\u0026nbsp;Nature 562:519-525\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211912419301798?via%3Dihub\u0022\u003ETamburino et al. (2020) From population to production: 50 years of scientific literature on how to feed the world. Global Food Security\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u0022\u003ESachs et al. (2019) Six Transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Nature Sustainability\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://population.un.org/wpp2019/Publications/Files/WPP2019_10KeyFindings.pdf\u0022\u003EUnited Nations (2019). World Population Prospects 2019\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html\u0022\u003EUnited Nations (2018). 2018 Revision of World Urbanization Prospects\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1250-7\u0022\u003EWorld Bank (2018) Atlas of Sustainable Development Goals 2018: From World Development Indicators\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_5.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200424#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "2. Towards the development of preventive control technologies for desert locust", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "2. Towards the development of preventive control technologies for desert locust", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe desert locust, \u003Ci\u003ESchistocerca gregaria\u003C/i\u003E, is now raging across East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian-Pakistan border, causing serious damage to crops and serious food crisis. This locust affects almost 10% of the world\u0027s population and 20% of the earth’s surface and annual damage of more than 40 billion yen in West Africa alone. Currently, it is feared that the new coronavirus epidemic will greatly hinder support activities in affected countries. JIRCAS is utilizing its vast experience in research collaboration with overseas partners in order to understand the ecology of desert locust in the field and to develop a sustainable management and control system that promotes environmental conservation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe desert locust, \u003Ci\u003ESchistocerca gregaria\u003C/i\u003E, is now raging across East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian-Pakistan border, causing serious damage to crops and serious food crisis. This locust affects almost 10% of the world\u0027s population and 20% of the earth’s surface and annual damage of more than 40 billion yen in West Africa alone. Currently, it is feared that the new coronavirus epidemic will greatly hinder support activities in affected countries. JIRCAS is utilizing its vast experience in research collaboration with overseas partners in order to understand the ecology of desert locust in the field and to develop a sustainable management and control system that promotes environmental conservation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe desert locust,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ESchistocerca gregaria\u003C/em\u003E, is now raging across East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian-Pakistan border, causing a serious food crisis (FAO Desert Locust Bulletin No. 497). This locust has often caused serious damage to crops. A massive desert locust swarm is large enough to invade the entire Tokyo area. The damage caused by this locust affects almost 10% of the world\u0027s population and 20% of the earth’s surface. The total annual damage is feared as a global natural disaster of more than 40 billion yen in West Africa alone. Currently, it is feared that the new coronavirus epidemic will also occur which will greatly hinder support activities in affected countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe desert locust is normally a harmless insect, but when the number increases and individual locusts stimulate each other, the physiology, ecology, morphology, and behavior change and it transforms into a serious pest and can be mistaken for another species. At a low population density, desert locusts exist in disperse solitarious phase generally referred to as green locusts. Under high density associated with outbreaks, population growth occurs in a gregarious phase with the nymph changing in color to yellow and black, and the adults from brown to red or yellow. This phenomenon is called phase polyphenism. At the time of a huge outbreak, desert locusts aggregate into a swarm and move over 100 kilometers a day. The number of individuals explosively increases in a short period of time and continue to move. Polyphenism gives rise to outbreaks and the images usually shown in the news are desert locusts which have already become gregarious phase.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUntil now, elucidation of the mechanism of polyphenism is thought to lead to the management of desert locust population, and a great deal of research has been conducted mainly in Europe over the past 100 years. However, the mechanism in the field remains unknown mainly because previous researches were conducted in laboratories in areas where this species does not live and lacking essential information on ecology in the field. Therefore, utilizing its vast experience in overseas research activities, JIRCAS is conducting research in collaboration with the Mauritanian National Anti Locust Center (CNLA) and the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, National Institute for Agricultural Research (CIRAD) in order to clarify the ecology and behavior of desert locusts in the field.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETraditional control methods that require extensive land surveys are expensive and rely on pesticides which pose a risk of environmental pollution. This time, we will understand the ecology of locusts and work on the development of new control technologies that take their behavioral habits into consideration. For example, desert locusts in swarm tend to aggregate together so understanding as to when, where, and how they aggregate may provide clues on effective control strategies even with a small amount of insecticide (Maeno and Ould Babah Ebbe 2018, Maeno et al. 2018, 2019). In addition, understanding the mechanism of reproductive gregarization can be used in finding better ways to predict desert locust outbreaks (Maeno et al. 2020). By cooperating with the CNLA and studying the ecology of desert locust in the field from various angles, we aim to develop a sustainable management and control system that promotes environmental conservation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003EReferences\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO, Desert Locust Bulletin No. 497 (March 5, 2020)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Babah Ebbe M.A. (2018) Aggregation site choice by gregarious nymphs of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, in the Sahara Desert, Insects 9(3):99\u0026nbsp;doi: 10.3390/insects9030099.　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Ely, S., Ould Mohamed,\u0026nbsp;S., Jaavar, M.E.H., Nakamura, S. \u0026amp; Ould Babah Ebbe, M.A. (2018) Behavioral plasticity in anti-predator defense in the desert locust, Journal of Arid Environments, 158:47-50 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.07.005\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Ely, S., Ould Mohamed. S., Jaavar, M.E.H., Nakamura, S. \u0026amp; Ould Babah Ebbe, M.A. (2019) Defence tactics cycle with diel microhabitat choice and body temperature in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Ethology, 125:250-261. https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.12845\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Piou, C., Ghaout, S. (2020) The desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, plastically manipulates egg size by regulating both egg numbers and production rate according to population density. Journal of Insect Physiology 122, 104020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(Contributed by\u0026nbsp;Dr. Maeno Kotaro, Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe desert locust,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ESchistocerca gregaria\u003C/em\u003E, is now raging across East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian-Pakistan border, causing a serious food crisis (FAO Desert Locust Bulletin No. 497). This locust has often caused serious damage to crops. A massive desert locust swarm is large enough to invade the entire Tokyo area. The damage caused by this locust affects almost 10% of the world\u0027s population and 20% of the earth’s surface. The total annual damage is feared as a global natural disaster of more than 40 billion yen in West Africa alone. Currently, it is feared that the new coronavirus epidemic will also occur which will greatly hinder support activities in affected countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe desert locust is normally a harmless insect, but when the number increases and individual locusts stimulate each other, the physiology, ecology, morphology, and behavior change and it transforms into a serious pest and can be mistaken for another species. At a low population density, desert locusts exist in disperse solitarious phase generally referred to as green locusts. Under high density associated with outbreaks, population growth occurs in a gregarious phase with the nymph changing in color to yellow and black, and the adults from brown to red or yellow. This phenomenon is called phase polyphenism. At the time of a huge outbreak, desert locusts aggregate into a swarm and move over 100 kilometers a day. The number of individuals explosively increases in a short period of time and continue to move. Polyphenism gives rise to outbreaks and the images usually shown in the news are desert locusts which have already become gregarious phase.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUntil now, elucidation of the mechanism of polyphenism is thought to lead to the management of desert locust population, and a great deal of research has been conducted mainly in Europe over the past 100 years. However, the mechanism in the field remains unknown mainly because previous researches were conducted in laboratories in areas where this species does not live and lacking essential information on ecology in the field. Therefore, utilizing its vast experience in overseas research activities, JIRCAS is conducting research in collaboration with the Mauritanian National Anti Locust Center (CNLA) and the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, National Institute for Agricultural Research (CIRAD) in order to clarify the ecology and behavior of desert locusts in the field.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETraditional control methods that require extensive land surveys are expensive and rely on pesticides which pose a risk of environmental pollution. This time, we will understand the ecology of locusts and work on the development of new control technologies that take their behavioral habits into consideration. For example, desert locusts in swarm tend to aggregate together so understanding as to when, where, and how they aggregate may provide clues on effective control strategies even with a small amount of insecticide (Maeno and Ould Babah Ebbe 2018, Maeno et al. 2018, 2019). In addition, understanding the mechanism of reproductive gregarization can be used in finding better ways to predict desert locust outbreaks (Maeno et al. 2020). By cooperating with the CNLA and studying the ecology of desert locust in the field from various angles, we aim to develop a sustainable management and control system that promotes environmental conservation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003EReferences\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO, Desert Locust Bulletin No. 497 (March 5, 2020)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Babah Ebbe M.A. (2018) Aggregation site choice by gregarious nymphs of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, in the Sahara Desert, Insects 9(3):99\u0026nbsp;doi: 10.3390/insects9030099.　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Ely, S., Ould Mohamed,\u0026nbsp;S., Jaavar, M.E.H., Nakamura, S. \u0026amp; Ould Babah Ebbe, M.A. (2018) Behavioral plasticity in anti-predator defense in the desert locust, Journal of Arid Environments, 158:47-50 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.07.005\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Ely, S., Ould Mohamed. S., Jaavar, M.E.H., Nakamura, S. \u0026amp; Ould Babah Ebbe, M.A. (2019) Defence tactics cycle with diel microhabitat choice and body temperature in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Ethology, 125:250-261. https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.12845\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Piou, C., Ghaout, S. (2020) The desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, plastically manipulates egg size by regulating both egg numbers and production rate according to population density. Journal of Insect Physiology 122, 104020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(Contributed by\u0026nbsp;Dr. Maeno Kotaro, Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "2. サバクトビバッタの予防的防除技術の開発に向けて", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "2. Towards the development of preventive control technologies for desert locust", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "サバクトビバッタ（Schistocerca gregaria）は現在、東アフリカ、アラビア半島、インド・パキスタン国境沿いで猛威を振るい、深刻な食糧危機を引き起こしています。このバッタによる被害は世界人口の１割に、地球上の陸地面積の２割に及び、年間の被害総額は西アフリカ地域だけでも400億円以上に達する地球規模の天災として恐れられています。現在はコロナウイルスの問題も併発し、国を越えた支援活動に大きな支障が出ることが懸念されています。国際農研は、豊富な海外での研究活動の経験を生かし、サバクトビバッタの屋外における行動習性の研究を通じて、大発生の予知を可能にし、環境保全を考慮した持続的な防除システムの構築を目指します。\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe desert locust, \u003Ci\u003ESchistocerca gregaria\u003C/i\u003E, is now raging across East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian-Pakistan border, causing serious damage to crops and serious food crisis. This locust affects almost 10% of the world\u0027s population and 20% of the earth’s surface and annual damage of more than 40 billion yen in West Africa alone. Currently, it is feared that the new coronavirus epidemic will greatly hinder support activities in affected countries. JIRCAS is utilizing its vast experience in research collaboration with overseas partners in order to understand the ecology of desert locust in the field and to develop a sustainable management and control system that promotes environmental conservation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eサバクトビバッタ（\u003Cem\u003ESchistocerca gregaria\u003C/em\u003E）は現在、東アフリカ、アラビア半島、インド・パキスタン国境沿いで猛威を振るい、深刻な食糧危機を引き起こしています（FAO, Desert Locust Bulletin No. 497. 2020年3月5日付け）。このバッタは、アフリカ大陸から西アジアやインドにかけて大発生し、しばしば農作物に深刻な被害を及ぼしてきました。巨大な群れは東京を覆い尽くすほどの大きさになります。このバッタによる被害は世界人口の１割に、地球上の陸地面積の２割に及び、年間の被害総額は西アフリカ地域だけでも400億円以上に達する地球規模の天災として恐れられています。現在はコロナウイルスの問題も併発し、国を越えた支援活動に大きな支障が出ることが懸念されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサバクトビバッタは、普段は大人しい無害な昆虫ですが、個体数が増えてお互いに刺激し合うことにより、生理、生態、形態や行動まで、別種と見間違えるほど変化し、深刻な害虫へと変貌します。低密度下で発育した個体は孤独相と呼ばれ、いわゆる一般的な緑色をしたバッタになるのに対して、高密度下では群生相と呼ばれ、幼虫は黄色や黒に、さらに成虫は茶色や赤、黄色になります。この現象は相変異と呼ばれています。大発生時には群生相化したバッタが群れをなし、1日に百キロメートル以上を移動して、植物を食い荒らします。群生相化すると増殖力や飛翔力など様々な能力を向上させ、短期間に爆発的に個体数を増やして移動を続けます。すなわち、バッタの大発生には相変異が密接に関係していると考えられています。テレビニュースの映像に映っているバッタはすでに群生相化しているようです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれまで、相変異の仕組みの解明はバッタ個体群の管理に繋がると考えられ、過去100年以上に渡ってヨーロッパを中心に非常に多くの研究が行われてきました。しかし、未だに相変異の仕組みは解明されていません。その最大の理由は、これまでの研究が、本種の生息しない地域の実験室内で行われ、必要不可欠な野外での生態に関する情報が欠如していたためです。そこで国際農研は、豊富な海外での研究活動の経験を生かし、サバクトビバッタの野外での生態を明らかにするため、モーリタニア国立サバクトビバッタ防除センターと共同で研究を行っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E従来の防除方法では、広大な土地をくまなく調査しなければならず、高いコストがかかる上、殺虫剤に頼り切りになるため環境汚染というリスクが伴います。今回、私たちは、バッタの生態を理解し、その行動習性を考慮した新しい防除技術の開発に取り組みます。例えば、群生相のバッタは集合する性質を持ちますが、いつ、どこで、どのように集合しているのか、その習性を理解することができれば、少量の殺虫剤で効率よく防除することが可能になります（Maeno \u0026amp; Ould Babah Ebbe, 2018, Maeno et al., 2018, 2019）。また、大発生の前兆となる群生相化のメカニズムを理解することができれば、大発生を予知することも可能になります(Maeno et al., 2020)。私たちは砂漠を熟知したサバクトビバッタ防除センターと協力し、様々な角度から野外におけるバッタの生態を研究することで、環境保全を考慮した持続的な防除システムの構築を目指します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003E参考文献\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO, Desert Locust Bulletin No. 497. 2020年3月5日付け\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Babah Ebbe M.A. (2018) Aggregation site choice by gregarious nymphs of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, in the Sahara Desert, Insects Aug 13;9(3). pii: E99. doi: 10.3390/insects9030099.　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Ely,S., Ould Mohamed. S., Jaavar, M.E.H., Nakamura, S. \u0026amp; Ould Babah Ebbe, M.A. (2018) Behavioral plasticity in anti-predator defense in the desert locust, Journal of Arid Environments, 158, 47-50 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.07.005\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Ely, S., Ould Mohamed. S., Jaavar, M.E.H., Nakamura, S. \u0026amp; Ould Babah Ebbe, M.A. (2019) Defence tactics cycle with diel microhabitat choice and body temperature in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Ethology, 125, 250-261. https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.12845\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Piou, C., Ghaout, S. (2020) The desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, plastically manipulates egg size by regulating both egg numbers and production rate according to population density. Journal of Insect Physiology 122, 104020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：前野浩太郎、生産環境・畜産領域）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe desert locust,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ESchistocerca gregaria\u003C/em\u003E, is now raging across East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian-Pakistan border, causing a serious food crisis (FAO Desert Locust Bulletin No. 497). This locust has often caused serious damage to crops. A massive desert locust swarm is large enough to invade the entire Tokyo area. The damage caused by this locust affects almost 10% of the world\u0027s population and 20% of the earth’s surface. The total annual damage is feared as a global natural disaster of more than 40 billion yen in West Africa alone. Currently, it is feared that the new coronavirus epidemic will also occur which will greatly hinder support activities in affected countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe desert locust is normally a harmless insect, but when the number increases and individual locusts stimulate each other, the physiology, ecology, morphology, and behavior change and it transforms into a serious pest and can be mistaken for another species. At a low population density, desert locusts exist in disperse solitarious phase generally referred to as green locusts. Under high density associated with outbreaks, population growth occurs in a gregarious phase with the nymph changing in color to yellow and black, and the adults from brown to red or yellow. This phenomenon is called phase polyphenism. At the time of a huge outbreak, desert locusts aggregate into a swarm and move over 100 kilometers a day. The number of individuals explosively increases in a short period of time and continue to move. Polyphenism gives rise to outbreaks and the images usually shown in the news are desert locusts which have already become gregarious phase.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUntil now, elucidation of the mechanism of polyphenism is thought to lead to the management of desert locust population, and a great deal of research has been conducted mainly in Europe over the past 100 years. However, the mechanism in the field remains unknown mainly because previous researches were conducted in laboratories in areas where this species does not live and lacking essential information on ecology in the field. Therefore, utilizing its vast experience in overseas research activities, JIRCAS is conducting research in collaboration with the Mauritanian National Anti Locust Center (CNLA) and the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, National Institute for Agricultural Research (CIRAD) in order to clarify the ecology and behavior of desert locusts in the field.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETraditional control methods that require extensive land surveys are expensive and rely on pesticides which pose a risk of environmental pollution. This time, we will understand the ecology of locusts and work on the development of new control technologies that take their behavioral habits into consideration. For example, desert locusts in swarm tend to aggregate together so understanding as to when, where, and how they aggregate may provide clues on effective control strategies even with a small amount of insecticide (Maeno and Ould Babah Ebbe 2018, Maeno et al. 2018, 2019). In addition, understanding the mechanism of reproductive gregarization can be used in finding better ways to predict desert locust outbreaks (Maeno et al. 2020). By cooperating with the CNLA and studying the ecology of desert locust in the field from various angles, we aim to develop a sustainable management and control system that promotes environmental conservation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003EReferences\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO, Desert Locust Bulletin No. 497 (March 5, 2020)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Babah Ebbe M.A. (2018) Aggregation site choice by gregarious nymphs of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, in the Sahara Desert, Insects 9(3):99\u0026nbsp;doi: 10.3390/insects9030099.　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Ely, S., Ould Mohamed,\u0026nbsp;S., Jaavar, M.E.H., Nakamura, S. \u0026amp; Ould Babah Ebbe, M.A. (2018) Behavioral plasticity in anti-predator defense in the desert locust, Journal of Arid Environments, 158:47-50 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2018.07.005\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Ould Ely, S., Ould Mohamed. S., Jaavar, M.E.H., Nakamura, S. \u0026amp; Ould Babah Ebbe, M.A. (2019) Defence tactics cycle with diel microhabitat choice and body temperature in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Ethology, 125:250-261. https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.12845\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMaeno, K.O., Piou, C., Ghaout, S. (2020) The desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, plastically manipulates egg size by regulating both egg numbers and production rate according to population density. Journal of Insect Physiology 122, 104020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(Contributed by\u0026nbsp;Dr. Maeno Kotaro, Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_4.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200424_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "3. Changing perspectives in agricultural research on global food and nutrition security", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "3. Changing perspectives in agricultural research on global food and nutrition security", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition improvement. To increase public awareness towards achieving these goals, Japan is hosting the Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit (N4G) in December 2020. Malnutrition such as undernutrition, micronutrient deficiency and obesity are urgent global issues. Agriculture must now find ways to build a food production system that can provide a stable supply of healthy and nutritious food without burdening the earth. JIRCAS conducts farm surveys in rural areas of Africa and empirically analyzes the food and nutrition supply with the aim of exploring effective strategies to address these issues and contribute to global food and nutrition security.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition improvement. To increase public awareness towards achieving these goals, Japan is hosting the Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit (N4G) in December 2020. Malnutrition such as undernutrition, micronutrient deficiency and obesity are urgent global issues. Agriculture must now find ways to build a food production system that can provide a stable supply of healthy and nutritious food without burdening the earth. JIRCAS conducts farm surveys in rural areas of Africa and empirically analyzes the food and nutrition supply with the aim of exploring effective strategies to address these issues and contribute to global food and nutrition security.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe state of food security and nutrition is one of the major issues that needs to be tackled globally. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition improvement. The United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition has set 2016-2025 as the “UN Decade of Action on Nutrition” to increase international awareness. In Japan, a public-private partnership Nutrition Japan Public Private Platform (NJPPP) and a JICA-led Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA) were launched in 2016, and the IFNA Yokohama Declaration was adopted at the 7th\u0026nbsp;Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD7) in 2019. In December 2020, Japan will host the Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit (N4G 2020) to stimulate international efforts to improve nutrition in line with the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe world population suffering from hunger is approximately 820 million and has been on the rise for several years (FAO 2019). Insufficiency of micronutrients in vitamins and minerals (“hidden hunger”) is also widespread, and including overweight and obesity due to overnutrition, not a single country is currently free of all forms of malnutrition (Development Initiatives 2018). Furthermore, multiple challenges appear at the same time (double burden, triple burden). We should make efforts to supply nutrients needed in terms of both quantity and quality to alleviate hunger and to stay healthy in all countries and regions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENutritional improvement needs multisectoral approach including many sectors such as health, education, and gender. Agriculture is one of the most important and essential sectors as it produces food to provide nutrition. Agricultural research has been primarily aimed at producing more food; however, it is now undergoing transformation with a shift towards building an agricultural system that can stably supply healthy food without too much burden on the planet Earth.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs demonstrated in the paradigm on sustainability used in the concept of “planetary boundaries” (Rockström et al. 2009), human activities including agriculture, forestry and fisheries are bringing the Earth closer to its limits. For this reason, the “doughnut economics”,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;doughnut-shaped\u0026nbsp;visual framework for sustainable development\u0026nbsp;(Raworth 2017),\u0026nbsp;should aim for convergence to an optimal range that functions socially rather than unlimited growth.\u0026nbsp;According to the report of the EAT-Lancet\u0026nbsp;Commission on\u0026nbsp;Healthy\u0026nbsp;Diets from\u0026nbsp;Sustainable\u0026nbsp;Food\u0026nbsp;Systems,\u0026nbsp;food is what balances human health and environmental sustainability. In order for all 10 billion people to be able to eat a healthy diet and to establish a sustainable food system in 2050,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;it will be necessary to increase the consumption of plant-based foods and reduce the consumption of animal-source foods, aim to produce healthy and sustainable foods, enhance strategies to reduce food loss, and protect half of the earth for ecosystems (Willett et al. 2019). Having said that, as the cost of an ideal meal is too high to reach about 1.6 billion people (Hirvonen et al. 2019), it is still a long way towards achieving this goal.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAt JIRCAS, we conduct field surveys and analyze the food patterns and nutritional supply in rural areas empirically from the food consumed by households in Madagascar and Burkina Faso. The lack of specific nutrient supply due to unbalanced diet (Shiratori and Nishide 2018; Shiratori et al. 2018), regionality and seasonality in food diversity and nutrient supply have become evident. We will continue to explore more effective methods to characterize the agricultural and nutritional status, while paying attention to the relationship between cultivated crops and food, as well as consumer preferences and behaviors. We aim to contribute the world\u0027s food and nutrition security by strategically applying the results of analysis to agriculture, forestry and fisheries research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2019)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u0022\u003EThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://globalnutritionreport.org/reports/global-nutrition-report-2018/\u0022\u003EDevelopment Initiatives (2018) Global Nutrition Report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/461472a\u0022\u003ERockström, J. et al. (2009) A safe operating space for humanity.\u0026nbsp;Nature,\u0026nbsp;461(7263): 472-475.\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)31788-4/fulltext\u0022\u003EWillett, W. et al. (2019) Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems,\u0026nbsp;Lancet, 393 (10170):447-492.\u003C/a\u003E　\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERaworth K. (2017) Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st century economist. London: Penguin Random House.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30447-4\u0022\u003EHirvonen, K., Bai, Y., Headey, D., Masters, W. A. (2019) Affordability of the EAT – Lancet reference diet : a global analysis.\u0026nbsp;Lancet Global Health, 8:e59-66.\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EShiratori, S., Nishide, A. and Doi, K. (2018)\u0026nbsp;Agriculture and rural development strategy in Madagascar from the viewpoint of nutritional balance.\u0026nbsp;Journal of Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Reclamation Engineering, 86(10):881-884 (in Japanese).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665118000745\u0022\u003EShiratori, S., and Nishide, A.\u0026nbsp;(2018) Micronutrient Supply based on the Food Balance Sheet and the Prevalence of Inadequate Intakes in Madagascar.\u0026nbsp;Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 77(OCE3), E70, Sep 2018\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(Contributed by Dr.\u0026nbsp;Shiratori Sakiko, Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe state of food security and nutrition is one of the major issues that needs to be tackled globally. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition improvement. The United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition has set 2016-2025 as the “UN Decade of Action on Nutrition” to increase international awareness. In Japan, a public-private partnership Nutrition Japan Public Private Platform (NJPPP) and a JICA-led Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA) were launched in 2016, and the IFNA Yokohama Declaration was adopted at the 7th\u0026nbsp;Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD7) in 2019. In December 2020, Japan will host the Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit (N4G 2020) to stimulate international efforts to improve nutrition in line with the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe world population suffering from hunger is approximately 820 million and has been on the rise for several years (FAO 2019). Insufficiency of micronutrients in vitamins and minerals (“hidden hunger”) is also widespread, and including overweight and obesity due to overnutrition, not a single country is currently free of all forms of malnutrition (Development Initiatives 2018). Furthermore, multiple challenges appear at the same time (double burden, triple burden). We should make efforts to supply nutrients needed in terms of both quantity and quality to alleviate hunger and to stay healthy in all countries and regions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENutritional improvement needs multisectoral approach including many sectors such as health, education, and gender. Agriculture is one of the most important and essential sectors as it produces food to provide nutrition. Agricultural research has been primarily aimed at producing more food; however, it is now undergoing transformation with a shift towards building an agricultural system that can stably supply healthy food without too much burden on the planet Earth.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs demonstrated in the paradigm on sustainability used in the concept of “planetary boundaries” (Rockström et al. 2009), human activities including agriculture, forestry and fisheries are bringing the Earth closer to its limits. For this reason, the “doughnut economics”,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;doughnut-shaped\u0026nbsp;visual framework for sustainable development\u0026nbsp;(Raworth 2017),\u0026nbsp;should aim for convergence to an optimal range that functions socially rather than unlimited growth.\u0026nbsp;According to the report of the EAT-Lancet\u0026nbsp;Commission on\u0026nbsp;Healthy\u0026nbsp;Diets from\u0026nbsp;Sustainable\u0026nbsp;Food\u0026nbsp;Systems,\u0026nbsp;food is what balances human health and environmental sustainability. In order for all 10 billion people to be able to eat a healthy diet and to establish a sustainable food system in 2050,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;it will be necessary to increase the consumption of plant-based foods and reduce the consumption of animal-source foods, aim to produce healthy and sustainable foods, enhance strategies to reduce food loss, and protect half of the earth for ecosystems (Willett et al. 2019). Having said that, as the cost of an ideal meal is too high to reach about 1.6 billion people (Hirvonen et al. 2019), it is still a long way towards achieving this goal.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAt JIRCAS, we conduct field surveys and analyze the food patterns and nutritional supply in rural areas empirically from the food consumed by households in Madagascar and Burkina Faso. The lack of specific nutrient supply due to unbalanced diet (Shiratori and Nishide 2018; Shiratori et al. 2018), regionality and seasonality in food diversity and nutrient supply have become evident. We will continue to explore more effective methods to characterize the agricultural and nutritional status, while paying attention to the relationship between cultivated crops and food, as well as consumer preferences and behaviors. We aim to contribute the world\u0027s food and nutrition security by strategically applying the results of analysis to agriculture, forestry and fisheries research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2019)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u0022\u003EThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://globalnutritionreport.org/reports/global-nutrition-report-2018/\u0022\u003EDevelopment Initiatives (2018) Global Nutrition Report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/461472a\u0022\u003ERockström, J. et al. (2009) A safe operating space for humanity.\u0026nbsp;Nature,\u0026nbsp;461(7263): 472-475.\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)31788-4/fulltext\u0022\u003EWillett, W. et al. (2019) Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems,\u0026nbsp;Lancet, 393 (10170):447-492.\u003C/a\u003E　\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERaworth K. (2017) Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st century economist. London: Penguin Random House.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30447-4\u0022\u003EHirvonen, K., Bai, Y., Headey, D., Masters, W. A. (2019) Affordability of the EAT – Lancet reference diet : a global analysis.\u0026nbsp;Lancet Global Health, 8:e59-66.\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EShiratori, S., Nishide, A. and Doi, K. (2018)\u0026nbsp;Agriculture and rural development strategy in Madagascar from the viewpoint of nutritional balance.\u0026nbsp;Journal of Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Reclamation Engineering, 86(10):881-884 (in Japanese).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665118000745\u0022\u003EShiratori, S., and Nishide, A.\u0026nbsp;(2018) Micronutrient Supply based on the Food Balance Sheet and the Prevalence of Inadequate Intakes in Madagascar.\u0026nbsp;Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 77(OCE3), E70, Sep 2018\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(Contributed by Dr.\u0026nbsp;Shiratori Sakiko, Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200312#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "3. 世界の食料・栄養安全保障に関する農業研究の視点の変化", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "3. Changing perspectives in agricultural research on global food and nutrition security", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）では、飢餓の撲滅が目標の１つに掲げられています。また、今年2020年12月には「東京栄養サミット2020 (Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit 2020)」が開催されます。栄養不足、微量栄養素不足、肥満などの栄養不良は喫緊の地球規模課題です。農業は今、いかに地球に負担をかけずに健康的な食料を安定的に供給できるシステムを構築できるかが求められています。国際農研では、アフリカの農村部で農家調査を行い、食事や栄養供給についての実証分析を進めています。実効性のある農業・栄養介入の方法を探り、世界の食料・栄養安全保障への貢献を目指しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition improvement. To increase public awareness towards achieving these goals, Japan is hosting the Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit (N4G) in December 2020. Malnutrition such as undernutrition, micronutrient deficiency and obesity are urgent global issues. Agriculture must now find ways to build a food production system that can provide a stable supply of healthy and nutritious food without burdening the earth. JIRCAS conducts farm surveys in rural areas of Africa and empirically analyzes the food and nutrition supply with the aim of exploring effective strategies to address these issues and contribute to global food and nutrition security.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E食料・栄養問題は最優先で取り組むべき地球規模課題の１つです。持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）では、飢餓の撲滅、食料安全保障・栄養改善の実現が目標に掲げられています。2016年から2025年は国連栄養常任委員会の定める「栄養のための行動の10年」にあたり、とりわけ国際的な注目が高まっている時期でもあります。日本でも、2016年には官民連携の「栄養改善事業推進プラットフォーム（NJPPP）」やJICA主導の「食と栄養のアフリカ・イニシアチブ（IFNA）」が発足し、2019年のTICAD7ではIFNA横浜宣言が採択され、2020年12月には東京オリンピック・パラリンピックに合わせて栄養改善に向けた国際的取り組みを喚起するための「東京栄養サミット2020 (Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit 2020)」の開催も予定され、準備が進められています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の飢餓人口は約8億2千万人で、この数年増加傾向にあります（FAO 2019）。ビタミン・ミネラルの微量栄養素不足（「隠れた飢餓」）も蔓延しており、過栄養による過体重や肥満なども含めると、現在栄養不良を抱えない国は１つもない（Development Initiatives 2018）と言われています。さらには複数の課題を同時に抱えている（二重負荷、三重負荷）ことも多く、人々の空腹を満たし健康に過ごすために必要な栄養素をバランスよく摂取できるようにする努力がすべての国や地域で求められているのです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E栄養問題はマルチセクトラルで、保健や教育やジェンダーなど多くの分野が関わっていますが、やはり栄養を供給するための食料を生み出すことができるという点で農業は必要不可欠なセクターです。農業研究ではより多くの食料を生み出すことを目的としてきた面もありますが、今では少し様相が変わり、いかに地球に負担をかけずに健康的な食料を安定的に供給できるシステムを構築できるかがポイントになってきています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E持続可能性の議論で用いられる「地球の限界（Planetary boundaries）」（Rockström et al. 2009）の概念で示されたように、農林水産業も含む人間の活動によって地球は限界に近づいています。そのため、ドーナツ経済学（Raworth 2017）\u003Csup\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E注1\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/sup\u003Eでは限りなき成長よりも社会的に機能する最適域への収束を目指すべきとされました。EAT-Lancetの報告書（Willett et al. 2019）によれば、ヒトの健康と環境の持続可能性とのバランスを司るものが食料であり、2050年の100億人全員が健康的な食事をとり、かつ持続可能なフードシステムを確立するために、植物性食品の消費を増やし動物性食品の消費を減らす、健康的で持続可能な食料の生産を目指す、地球の半分を生態系保全のために残す、フードロスを削減する等の戦略が挙げられています。ただ、理想の食事では費用が高すぎて約16億人には手が届かない（Hirvonen et al. 2019）など、実現への道はまだ遠いようです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研では、マダガスカルやブルキナファソなどを事例として農家調査を行い、世帯で消費された食料から、農村部での食事パターンや栄養供給について実証分析を行っています。偏った食事により特定の栄養素供給量が不足していること（白鳥ら 2018; Shiratori and Nishide 2018）や、食の多様性や栄養素供給量に地域性や季節性がみられることなどが明らかになってきました。これからも栽培作物と食事との関係、消費者としての嗜好や行動にも注目しつつ、より実効性のある農業・栄養介入の方法を探っていきます。そしてその分析結果を、農林水産業研究の戦略的方向性に活かし、世界の食料・栄養安全保障に貢献することを目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E注1:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;「ドーナツ経済学」では、ドーナツ型の図を用いる。ドーナツの内側は基本的なニーズが満たされず、外側は環境破壊の境界を超えることを示し、ドーナツの可食部によって人間の繁栄が可能な範囲を示唆する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2019) 2019 The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDevelopment Initiatives (2018) 2018 Global Nutrition Report.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022https://globalnutritionreport.org/reports/global-nutrition-report-2018/\u0022\u003Ehttps://globalnutritionreport.org/reports/global-nutrition-report-2018/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERockström, J. et al. (2009) \u0022A safe operating space for humanity.\u0022 Nature, 461.7263 (2009): 472-475.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/461472a\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.nature.com/articles/461472a\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWillett, W. et al.(2019) “Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems”, The Lancet, Volume 393, Issue 10170, 447 - 492　 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)31788-4/fulltext\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)31788-4/fulltext\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERaworth K. (2017) Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st century economist. London: Penguin Random House.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHirvonen, K., Bai, Y., Headey, D., Masters, W. A. (2019) “Articles Affordability of the EAT – Lancet reference diet : a global analysis.” The Lancet Global Health, (19), 1–8.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30447-4\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30447-4\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E白鳥佐紀子・西出朱美・土居邦弘（2018）”栄養バランスからみたマダガスカル国の農業農村開発戦略.” 水土の知, 86(10), 881-884.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ES. Shiratori and A. Nishide (2018) “Micronutrient Supply based on the Food Balance Sheet and the Prevalence of Inadequate Intakes in Madagascar.” Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 77(OCE3), E70, Sep 2018.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665118000745\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665118000745\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe state of food security and nutrition is one of the major issues that needs to be tackled globally. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition improvement. The United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition has set 2016-2025 as the “UN Decade of Action on Nutrition” to increase international awareness. In Japan, a public-private partnership Nutrition Japan Public Private Platform (NJPPP) and a JICA-led Initiative for Food and Nutrition Security in Africa (IFNA) were launched in 2016, and the IFNA Yokohama Declaration was adopted at the 7th\u0026nbsp;Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD7) in 2019. In December 2020, Japan will host the Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit (N4G 2020) to stimulate international efforts to improve nutrition in line with the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe world population suffering from hunger is approximately 820 million and has been on the rise for several years (FAO 2019). Insufficiency of micronutrients in vitamins and minerals (“hidden hunger”) is also widespread, and including overweight and obesity due to overnutrition, not a single country is currently free of all forms of malnutrition (Development Initiatives 2018). Furthermore, multiple challenges appear at the same time (double burden, triple burden). We should make efforts to supply nutrients needed in terms of both quantity and quality to alleviate hunger and to stay healthy in all countries and regions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENutritional improvement needs multisectoral approach including many sectors such as health, education, and gender. Agriculture is one of the most important and essential sectors as it produces food to provide nutrition. Agricultural research has been primarily aimed at producing more food; however, it is now undergoing transformation with a shift towards building an agricultural system that can stably supply healthy food without too much burden on the planet Earth.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs demonstrated in the paradigm on sustainability used in the concept of “planetary boundaries” (Rockström et al. 2009), human activities including agriculture, forestry and fisheries are bringing the Earth closer to its limits. For this reason, the “doughnut economics”,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;doughnut-shaped\u0026nbsp;visual framework for sustainable development\u0026nbsp;(Raworth 2017),\u0026nbsp;should aim for convergence to an optimal range that functions socially rather than unlimited growth.\u0026nbsp;According to the report of the EAT-Lancet\u0026nbsp;Commission on\u0026nbsp;Healthy\u0026nbsp;Diets from\u0026nbsp;Sustainable\u0026nbsp;Food\u0026nbsp;Systems,\u0026nbsp;food is what balances human health and environmental sustainability. In order for all 10 billion people to be able to eat a healthy diet and to establish a sustainable food system in 2050,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;it will be necessary to increase the consumption of plant-based foods and reduce the consumption of animal-source foods, aim to produce healthy and sustainable foods, enhance strategies to reduce food loss, and protect half of the earth for ecosystems (Willett et al. 2019). Having said that, as the cost of an ideal meal is too high to reach about 1.6 billion people (Hirvonen et al. 2019), it is still a long way towards achieving this goal.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAt JIRCAS, we conduct field surveys and analyze the food patterns and nutritional supply in rural areas empirically from the food consumed by households in Madagascar and Burkina Faso. The lack of specific nutrient supply due to unbalanced diet (Shiratori and Nishide 2018; Shiratori et al. 2018), regionality and seasonality in food diversity and nutrient supply have become evident. We will continue to explore more effective methods to characterize the agricultural and nutritional status, while paying attention to the relationship between cultivated crops and food, as well as consumer preferences and behaviors. We aim to contribute the world\u0027s food and nutrition security by strategically applying the results of analysis to agriculture, forestry and fisheries research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2019)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca5162en/ca5162en.pdf\u0022\u003EThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://globalnutritionreport.org/reports/global-nutrition-report-2018/\u0022\u003EDevelopment Initiatives (2018) Global Nutrition Report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/461472a\u0022\u003ERockström, J. et al. (2009) A safe operating space for humanity.\u0026nbsp;Nature,\u0026nbsp;461(7263): 472-475.\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)31788-4/fulltext\u0022\u003EWillett, W. et al. (2019) Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems,\u0026nbsp;Lancet, 393 (10170):447-492.\u003C/a\u003E　\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERaworth K. (2017) Doughnut economics: seven ways to think like a 21st century economist. London: Penguin Random House.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30447-4\u0022\u003EHirvonen, K., Bai, Y., Headey, D., Masters, W. A. (2019) Affordability of the EAT – Lancet reference diet : a global analysis.\u0026nbsp;Lancet Global Health, 8:e59-66.\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EShiratori, S., Nishide, A. and Doi, K. (2018)\u0026nbsp;Agriculture and rural development strategy in Madagascar from the viewpoint of nutritional balance.\u0026nbsp;Journal of Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage and Reclamation Engineering, 86(10):881-884 (in Japanese).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665118000745\u0022\u003EShiratori, S., and Nishide, A.\u0026nbsp;(2018) Micronutrient Supply based on the Food Balance Sheet and the Prevalence of Inadequate Intakes in Madagascar.\u0026nbsp;Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 77(OCE3), E70, Sep 2018\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(Contributed by Dr.\u0026nbsp;Shiratori Sakiko, Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_3.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200428_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "4. Quinoa in Salar de Uyuni - Prospects in \u0022Superfood\u0022 Orphan Crop Research", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "4. Quinoa in Salar de Uyuni - Prospects in \u0022Superfood\u0022 Orphan Crop Research", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/bolivia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bolivia", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ボリビア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Bolivia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Salar de Uyuni in Bolivia, known worldwide as a miracle of nature, is surrounded by fields with high salinity and barren lands devoid of major crops. Quinoa is an extremely rare crop that grows in such a severe environment and has recently attracted attention as a “superfood”. It is also one of the so-called “orphan crops” which receives less attention in terms of breeding. JIRCAS is embarking on a project aimed at developing improved and high value-added quinoa varieties and clarifying the mechanism of crops that adapt to severe environment and climate conditions in order to gain insights into breeding strategies as countermeasures against climate change.\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Salar de Uyuni in Bolivia, known worldwide as a miracle of nature, is surrounded by fields with high salinity and barren lands devoid of major crops. Quinoa is an extremely rare crop that grows in such a severe environment and has recently attracted attention as a “superfood”. It is also one of the so-called “orphan crops” which receives less attention in terms of breeding. JIRCAS is embarking on a project aimed at developing improved and high value-added quinoa varieties and clarifying the mechanism of crops that adapt to severe environment and climate conditions in order to gain insights into breeding strategies as countermeasures against climate change.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Salar de Uyuni, a salt flat located in Bolivia, is dubbed as a \u0022mirror of the sky\u0022 because it reflects the sky like a mirror. It is also known worldwide for its superb scenery that one should visit once in a lifetime.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlants grow by absorbing water and nutrients from the soil. However, under conditions of high salt concentration in the soil, it becomes difficult for the roots to absorb water from the soil due to a difference in osmotic pressure and the plant dies eventually. Therefore, plants cannot generally survive in a salty environment. The areas around Salar de Uyuni covered in salt are barren lands devoid of any crops.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAn extremely rare crop that grows in such a severe environment, quinoa (\u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E) has recently attracted attention as a “superfood”. It has been cultivated for more than 7,000 years in the Andes region with an altitude of more than 3,500 meters and revered as the \u0022mother grain\u0022 of the Inca Empire (Jarvis et al. 2017). In recent years, the nutritional value of quinoa has been highly evaluated due to its gluten-free, low GI value (Glycemic Index), which is an exquisite combination of amino acids, fiber, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. With the United Nations’ designation of 2013 as the “International Year of Quinoa” and NASA’s endorsement of quinoa as an ideal food for long duration space flights, the demand for this healthy and functional food has increased rapidly worldwide. Recently in Japan, quinoa has become available not only in stores that sell healthy foods and imported products but also in supermarkets and is now used as ingredient in salad recipes. On the other hand, not so many people think of quinoa as a crop. Historically, quinoa cultivation was suppressed by the Spanish conquerors in the 16th\u0026nbsp;century because of its use in indigenous religious ceremonies. Therefore, compared with potato and tomato, which also originated from the Andes, the improvement of quinoa to stabilize the yield did not progress and a system for continuous mass production was not established.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMany crops around the world have excellent nutritional value like quinoa, but in the process of adapting to the environment peculiar to the region, sufficient research has not been conducted to develop improved varieties that could lead to spread beyond the region. These crops are also called “underutilized crops” or “orphan crops” (Kamei et al. 2016).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBehind the development of agriculture, many years of research efforts have been made to cultivate wild crops and establish breeding and cultivation methods to stabilize the yield. The dramatic growth in productivity of the world\u0027s major staple and oil crops such as rice, wheat, corn, and soybeans has been achieved as a result of extensive research efforts. Over the past fifty years,\u0026nbsp;the growing westernization of diets,\u0026nbsp;national food supplies worldwide became more similar in composition, correlated particularly with an increased supply of a number of globally important cereal and oil crops, and a decline of other cereal, oil, and starchy root species. The increase in homogeneity of the food supply worldwide thus\u0026nbsp;has resulted in\u0026nbsp;the loss of species-richness globally. From a genetic diversity perspective, increasing homogeneity in global food supplies highlights the importance of the breeding and cultivation of varieties of these crops with diverse genetic backgrounds (Khoury et al. 2014There is also concern that it could lead to the loss of diversity of crops, especially those which have been globally underutilized but have supported food and nutrition security in national/local contexts. Amid growing global awareness of the urgency of conservation of crop gene diversity, attention is also focused on the importance of elucidating the mechanism of resilience among orphan crops originating from severe and marginal agricultural environments\u0026nbsp;from the perspective of adaptation to climate change (Mabhaudhi et al. 2019).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn collaboration with Kyoto University and Kazusa DNA Research Institute among others, JIRCAS has succeeded in deciphering the complete genome of quinoa for the first time in the world (Yasui et al. 2016). In FY2020, JIRCAS will start to collaborate with Bolivia’s Higher University of San Andres (UMSA) and the agricultural research extension organization PROINPA, Kyoto University, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, and Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology in a SATREPS project entitled “Strengthening of resilience in arid agro-ecosystems vulnerable to climate change\u0026nbsp;through research on plant resources and technological applications”. This project is aimed at gaining insights into breeding strategies as countermeasures against climate change by clarifying the mechanism of crops that adapt to severe environment and climate conditions, as well as for developing improved and high value-added quinoa varieties.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/nature21370\u0022\u003EJarvis et al. (2017) The genome of \u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E. Nature 542:307–312\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11032-015-0430-2\u0022\u003EKamei et al. (2016) Orphan Crops Browser: a bridge between model and orphan crops. Mol Breed. 36:9\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1313490111\u0022\u003EKhoury et al. (2014) Increasing homogeneity in global food supplies and the implications for food security. PNAS\u0026nbsp;111(11):4001-4006\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03129-y\u0022\u003EMabhaudhi et al. (2019) Prospects of orphan crops in climate change. Planta 250:695–708\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsw037\u0022\u003EYasui et al. (2016) Draft genome sequence of an inbred line of \u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E, an allotetraploid crop with great environmental adaptability and outstanding nutritional properties. DNA Res.\u0026nbsp;23(6): 535–546\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: Pres. Iwanaga Masa, Dr. Nagatoshi Yukari and Dr. Fujita Yasunari (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Salar de Uyuni, a salt flat located in Bolivia, is dubbed as a \u0022mirror of the sky\u0022 because it reflects the sky like a mirror. It is also known worldwide for its superb scenery that one should visit once in a lifetime.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlants grow by absorbing water and nutrients from the soil. However, under conditions of high salt concentration in the soil, it becomes difficult for the roots to absorb water from the soil due to a difference in osmotic pressure and the plant dies eventually. Therefore, plants cannot generally survive in a salty environment. The areas around Salar de Uyuni covered in salt are barren lands devoid of any crops.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAn extremely rare crop that grows in such a severe environment, quinoa (\u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E) has recently attracted attention as a “superfood”. It has been cultivated for more than 7,000 years in the Andes region with an altitude of more than 3,500 meters and revered as the \u0022mother grain\u0022 of the Inca Empire (Jarvis et al. 2017). In recent years, the nutritional value of quinoa has been highly evaluated due to its gluten-free, low GI value (Glycemic Index), which is an exquisite combination of amino acids, fiber, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. With the United Nations’ designation of 2013 as the “International Year of Quinoa” and NASA’s endorsement of quinoa as an ideal food for long duration space flights, the demand for this healthy and functional food has increased rapidly worldwide. Recently in Japan, quinoa has become available not only in stores that sell healthy foods and imported products but also in supermarkets and is now used as ingredient in salad recipes. On the other hand, not so many people think of quinoa as a crop. Historically, quinoa cultivation was suppressed by the Spanish conquerors in the 16th\u0026nbsp;century because of its use in indigenous religious ceremonies. Therefore, compared with potato and tomato, which also originated from the Andes, the improvement of quinoa to stabilize the yield did not progress and a system for continuous mass production was not established.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMany crops around the world have excellent nutritional value like quinoa, but in the process of adapting to the environment peculiar to the region, sufficient research has not been conducted to develop improved varieties that could lead to spread beyond the region. These crops are also called “underutilized crops” or “orphan crops” (Kamei et al. 2016).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBehind the development of agriculture, many years of research efforts have been made to cultivate wild crops and establish breeding and cultivation methods to stabilize the yield. The dramatic growth in productivity of the world\u0027s major staple and oil crops such as rice, wheat, corn, and soybeans has been achieved as a result of extensive research efforts. Over the past fifty years,\u0026nbsp;the growing westernization of diets,\u0026nbsp;national food supplies worldwide became more similar in composition, correlated particularly with an increased supply of a number of globally important cereal and oil crops, and a decline of other cereal, oil, and starchy root species. The increase in homogeneity of the food supply worldwide thus\u0026nbsp;has resulted in\u0026nbsp;the loss of species-richness globally. From a genetic diversity perspective, increasing homogeneity in global food supplies highlights the importance of the breeding and cultivation of varieties of these crops with diverse genetic backgrounds (Khoury et al. 2014There is also concern that it could lead to the loss of diversity of crops, especially those which have been globally underutilized but have supported food and nutrition security in national/local contexts. Amid growing global awareness of the urgency of conservation of crop gene diversity, attention is also focused on the importance of elucidating the mechanism of resilience among orphan crops originating from severe and marginal agricultural environments\u0026nbsp;from the perspective of adaptation to climate change (Mabhaudhi et al. 2019).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn collaboration with Kyoto University and Kazusa DNA Research Institute among others, JIRCAS has succeeded in deciphering the complete genome of quinoa for the first time in the world (Yasui et al. 2016). In FY2020, JIRCAS will start to collaborate with Bolivia’s Higher University of San Andres (UMSA) and the agricultural research extension organization PROINPA, Kyoto University, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, and Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology in a SATREPS project entitled “Strengthening of resilience in arid agro-ecosystems vulnerable to climate change\u0026nbsp;through research on plant resources and technological applications”. This project is aimed at gaining insights into breeding strategies as countermeasures against climate change by clarifying the mechanism of crops that adapt to severe environment and climate conditions, as well as for developing improved and high value-added quinoa varieties.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/nature21370\u0022\u003EJarvis et al. (2017) The genome of \u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E. Nature 542:307–312\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11032-015-0430-2\u0022\u003EKamei et al. (2016) Orphan Crops Browser: a bridge between model and orphan crops. Mol Breed. 36:9\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1313490111\u0022\u003EKhoury et al. (2014) Increasing homogeneity in global food supplies and the implications for food security. PNAS\u0026nbsp;111(11):4001-4006\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03129-y\u0022\u003EMabhaudhi et al. (2019) Prospects of orphan crops in climate change. Planta 250:695–708\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsw037\u0022\u003EYasui et al. (2016) Draft genome sequence of an inbred line of \u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E, an allotetraploid crop with great environmental adaptability and outstanding nutritional properties. DNA Res.\u0026nbsp;23(6): 535–546\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: Pres. Iwanaga Masa, Dr. Nagatoshi Yukari and Dr. Fujita Yasunari (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200318#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "4. ウユニ塩湖のキヌア　－「スーパーフード」孤児作物研究の意義", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "4. Quinoa in Salar de Uyuni - Prospects in \u0022Superfood\u0022 Orphan Crop Research", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/bolivia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bolivia", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ボリビア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Bolivia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "“世界一の「奇跡」と呼ばれた絶景”として有名なボリビアのウユニ塩湖ですが、その近辺の畑地は塩分濃度が高く、作物にとっては不毛の大地です。こうした厳しい環境でも育つ極めて希少な作物に、近年「スーパーフード」として注目を浴びているキヌア(quinoa)があります。世界各地には、栄養価に優れながら、品種改良のための研究が十分行われてこなかった作物が多くあり、これらは「孤児作物 (orphan crops)」などと呼ばれています。国際農研は、キヌアの品種改良・高付加価値化への道筋をつけるのみならず、厳しい環境・気象条件に適応する作物のメカニズムを明らかにすることで、気候変動に対する育種戦略への知見を得ることを目指しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Salar de Uyuni in Bolivia, known worldwide as a miracle of nature, is surrounded by fields with high salinity and barren lands devoid of major crops. Quinoa is an extremely rare crop that grows in such a severe environment and has recently attracted attention as a “superfood”. It is also one of the so-called “orphan crops” which receives less attention in terms of breeding. JIRCAS is embarking on a project aimed at developing improved and high value-added quinoa varieties and clarifying the mechanism of crops that adapt to severe environment and climate conditions in order to gain insights into breeding strategies as countermeasures against climate change.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eボリビアのウユニ湖といえば、雪原のような塩湖が鏡のように空を映し出す様が「天空の鏡」とも呼ばれ、「死ぬまでに見たい絶景」として世界的に知られています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E植物は、土壌の根から水分や養分を吸収して生育しますが、土壌中の塩分濃度が高くなると浸透圧に差が生じ、植物の根は土壌から水分を吸収しにくくなり、枯れてしまいます。このため、塩分の多い環境では、一般的に植物は生きていくことができないとされています。一面の塩に覆われたウユニ湖周辺は、作物にとっては不毛の大地なのです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eそんな厳しい環境でも育つ極めて希少な作物に、近年「スーパーフード」として注目を浴びているキヌア(quinoa; 学名\u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E)があります。キヌアは標高3500メートル以上のアンデス山脈地域で7000年以上前頃には栽培化が始まり、インカ帝国の「母なる穀物 “mother grain”」として崇められてきました(Jarvis et al. 2017)。近年、グルテンフリー、低いGI値( Glycemic Index:食後血糖値の上昇を示す指標)、アミノ酸・繊維・脂質・炭水化物・ビタミン・ミネラル類の絶妙な配合などキヌアの栄養価が高く評価されています。国際連合により2013年が「国際キヌア年」と制定され、NASAから「宇宙食にぴったりな完全食」とお墨付きを得たことが契機となり、健康・機能食として世界的に需要が急激に高まっています。日本でも最近は健康食や輸入品を取り扱う店に限らず、スーパーなどでも販売されるようになり、サラダのレシピなどで「食品」としてのキヌアを目にしたことのある方は多いでしょう。他方、作物としてのキヌアについて知っている人はあまりいないのではないでしょうか。キヌアは、塩湖の近辺という厳しい環境でも育つ奇跡の作物として、宗教的な儀式にも用いられてきたため、16世紀にインカ帝国を制服したスペインによりその栽培が禁じられた歴史があります。そのため、同じアンデス原産であるジャガイモやトマトに比べて、収量を安定させる品種改良は進んでおらず、持続的に大量生産を行う体制の目途は立っていません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eキヌアのように、世界各地には、栄養価に優れながら、地域特有の環境に適応する過程で、その地域を超えた普及に繋がる品種改良のための研究が十分行われてこなかった作物が多くあり、これらは「低利用作物(underutilized crop)」あるいは「孤児作物 (orphan crops)」とも呼ばれています(Kamei et al. 2016)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農業の発展の裏には、野生の作物を栽培化し、収量を安定化させるための品種改良と栽培法を確立するための長年にわたる研究努力がわれてきました。コメ、小麦、トウモロコシ、大豆などの世界の主要な主食・油脂作物は、研究投資の成果により生産性の観点から飛躍的な進歩を遂げました。過去50年間、グローバル化に伴う食の欧米化に伴い、世界的に食の画一化が進んだ結果、作物の遺伝子の多様性が失われつつあり、従来、各国・地域の状況に適応し食料・栄養安全保障を支えてきた作物の喪失につながりかねないとの懸念もあります (Khoury et al. 2014) 。世界的に作物遺伝子の多様性保全の緊急性についての認識が高まる中、気候変動への適応という視点からも、厳しい環境に起源をもつ孤児作物の不良環境耐性メカニズムの解明の重要性についても注目が集まっています (Mabhaudhi et al. 2019) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、京都大学等と共同で、世界で初めてキヌアのほぼ完全なゲノム解読に成功しています(Yasui et al.2016)。2020年より、ボリビアのサン・アンドレス大学（UMSA）・農業研究普及機関PROINPAや、京都大学・帯広畜産大・東京農工大学と共同で、「高栄養価キヌアのレジリエンス強化生産技術の開発と普及」についての研究を開始します。キヌアの品種改良・高付加価値化への道筋をつけるのみならず、厳しい環境・気象条件に適応する作物のメカニズムを明らかにすることで、気候変動に対する育種戦略への知見を得ることを目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJarvis et al. (2017) The genome of Chenopodium quinoa. Nature vol. 542: 307–312. doi:10.1038/nature21370\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKamei et al. (2016) Orphan Crops Browser: a bridge between model and orphan crops. Mol Breed. 36: 9. doi: 10.1007/s11032-015-0430-2\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKhoury et al. (2014) Increasing homogeneity in global food supplies and the implications for food security. PNAS. 111 (11) 4001-4006; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1313490111\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1313490111\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMabhaudhi et al. (2019) Prospects of orphan crops in climate change. Planta vol. 250: 695–708. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03129-y\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03129-y\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EYasui et al. (2016) Draft genome sequence of an inbred line of Chenopodium quinoa, an allotetraploid crop with great environmental adaptability and outstanding nutritional properties. DNA Research, Vol 23(6): 535–546, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsw037\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsw037\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：理事長 岩永勝；　生産資源・利用領域　藤田泰成・永利友佳理）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Salar de Uyuni, a salt flat located in Bolivia, is dubbed as a \u0022mirror of the sky\u0022 because it reflects the sky like a mirror. It is also known worldwide for its superb scenery that one should visit once in a lifetime.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlants grow by absorbing water and nutrients from the soil. However, under conditions of high salt concentration in the soil, it becomes difficult for the roots to absorb water from the soil due to a difference in osmotic pressure and the plant dies eventually. Therefore, plants cannot generally survive in a salty environment. The areas around Salar de Uyuni covered in salt are barren lands devoid of any crops.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAn extremely rare crop that grows in such a severe environment, quinoa (\u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E) has recently attracted attention as a “superfood”. It has been cultivated for more than 7,000 years in the Andes region with an altitude of more than 3,500 meters and revered as the \u0022mother grain\u0022 of the Inca Empire (Jarvis et al. 2017). In recent years, the nutritional value of quinoa has been highly evaluated due to its gluten-free, low GI value (Glycemic Index), which is an exquisite combination of amino acids, fiber, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. With the United Nations’ designation of 2013 as the “International Year of Quinoa” and NASA’s endorsement of quinoa as an ideal food for long duration space flights, the demand for this healthy and functional food has increased rapidly worldwide. Recently in Japan, quinoa has become available not only in stores that sell healthy foods and imported products but also in supermarkets and is now used as ingredient in salad recipes. On the other hand, not so many people think of quinoa as a crop. Historically, quinoa cultivation was suppressed by the Spanish conquerors in the 16th\u0026nbsp;century because of its use in indigenous religious ceremonies. Therefore, compared with potato and tomato, which also originated from the Andes, the improvement of quinoa to stabilize the yield did not progress and a system for continuous mass production was not established.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMany crops around the world have excellent nutritional value like quinoa, but in the process of adapting to the environment peculiar to the region, sufficient research has not been conducted to develop improved varieties that could lead to spread beyond the region. These crops are also called “underutilized crops” or “orphan crops” (Kamei et al. 2016).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBehind the development of agriculture, many years of research efforts have been made to cultivate wild crops and establish breeding and cultivation methods to stabilize the yield. The dramatic growth in productivity of the world\u0027s major staple and oil crops such as rice, wheat, corn, and soybeans has been achieved as a result of extensive research efforts. Over the past fifty years,\u0026nbsp;the growing westernization of diets,\u0026nbsp;national food supplies worldwide became more similar in composition, correlated particularly with an increased supply of a number of globally important cereal and oil crops, and a decline of other cereal, oil, and starchy root species. The increase in homogeneity of the food supply worldwide thus\u0026nbsp;has resulted in\u0026nbsp;the loss of species-richness globally. From a genetic diversity perspective, increasing homogeneity in global food supplies highlights the importance of the breeding and cultivation of varieties of these crops with diverse genetic backgrounds (Khoury et al. 2014There is also concern that it could lead to the loss of diversity of crops, especially those which have been globally underutilized but have supported food and nutrition security in national/local contexts. Amid growing global awareness of the urgency of conservation of crop gene diversity, attention is also focused on the importance of elucidating the mechanism of resilience among orphan crops originating from severe and marginal agricultural environments\u0026nbsp;from the perspective of adaptation to climate change (Mabhaudhi et al. 2019).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn collaboration with Kyoto University and Kazusa DNA Research Institute among others, JIRCAS has succeeded in deciphering the complete genome of quinoa for the first time in the world (Yasui et al. 2016). In FY2020, JIRCAS will start to collaborate with Bolivia’s Higher University of San Andres (UMSA) and the agricultural research extension organization PROINPA, Kyoto University, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, and Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology in a SATREPS project entitled “Strengthening of resilience in arid agro-ecosystems vulnerable to climate change\u0026nbsp;through research on plant resources and technological applications”. This project is aimed at gaining insights into breeding strategies as countermeasures against climate change by clarifying the mechanism of crops that adapt to severe environment and climate conditions, as well as for developing improved and high value-added quinoa varieties.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/nature21370\u0022\u003EJarvis et al. (2017) The genome of \u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E. Nature 542:307–312\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11032-015-0430-2\u0022\u003EKamei et al. (2016) Orphan Crops Browser: a bridge between model and orphan crops. Mol Breed. 36:9\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1313490111\u0022\u003EKhoury et al. (2014) Increasing homogeneity in global food supplies and the implications for food security. PNAS\u0026nbsp;111(11):4001-4006\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03129-y\u0022\u003EMabhaudhi et al. (2019) Prospects of orphan crops in climate change. Planta 250:695–708\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsw037\u0022\u003EYasui et al. (2016) Draft genome sequence of an inbred line of \u003Cem\u003EChenopodium quinoa\u003C/em\u003E, an allotetraploid crop with great environmental adaptability and outstanding nutritional properties. DNA Res.\u0026nbsp;23(6): 535–546\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: Pres. Iwanaga Masa, Dr. Nagatoshi Yukari and Dr. Fujita Yasunari (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_2.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200428#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "5.Technology development for stable production of agricultural products in the tropics and other adverse environments", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "5.Technology development for stable production of agricultural products in the tropics and other adverse environments", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In developing regions such as the sub-Saharan Africa, agricultural production potential has not been fully realized due to poor soil fertility and adverse environmental conditions. Many smallholder farmers in these areas are not consuming massive quantity of water and chemical fertilizers, thus least contributors to climate change, yet are predicted to suffer most from extreme weather events. To end poverty and hunger, it is extremely important to accelerate technological development to enhance stable food production especially in tropical regions where soil and water resources are poor. JIRCAS is pursuing the development of sustainable agricultural technologies in developing regions such as Africa in order to increase productivity and improve food security.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In developing regions such as the sub-Saharan Africa, agricultural production potential has not been fully realized due to poor soil fertility and adverse environmental conditions. Many smallholder farmers in these areas are not consuming massive quantity of water and chemical fertilizers, thus least contributors to climate change, yet are predicted to suffer most from extreme weather events. To end poverty and hunger, it is extremely important to accelerate technological development to enhance stable food production especially in tropical regions where soil and water resources are poor. JIRCAS is pursuing the development of sustainable agricultural technologies in developing regions such as Africa in order to increase productivity and improve food security.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global food demand will be tight in the medium to long term due to the predicted increase of world population, economic growth in emerging countries, and improvement of income level. Especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where one in four people are reported to remain malnourished, it is predicted that the population will double by 2050 accompanied by urbanization even at faster pace, making the achievement of food security in terms of quantity and quality an immense challenge.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn developing regions such as SSA, agricultural production potential has not been fully realized due to poor soil fertility and adverse environmental conditions. Many smallholder farmers in these areas are not consuming massive quantity of water and chemical fertilizers, thus least contributors to climate change, yet are predicted to suffer most from extreme weather events. In the autumn of 2019, the Global Commission on Climate Change Adaptation, in which former UN Presidents Ban Ki-moon and Bill Gates play a central role, released a call for action to adapt to climate change, warning that without adaptation, climate change might depress growth in global agriculture yields up to 30 percent by 2050 (Global Commission on Adaptation 2019). To end poverty and hunger (Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 1 \u0026amp; 2), it is extremely important to accelerate technological development to enhance stable food production especially in tropical regions where soil and water resources are poor.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESSA, in particular, covers more than 50% of the world\u0027s potential land for cultivation, but only a small portion of this land meet the conditions suitable for agricultural production (Jayne et al. 2010; Hengl et al. 2017). Although the proportion of arable land in SSA has been steadily expanding since the 1950’s, crop yields have remained low (Jayne et al. 2010). The underperformance of agriculture in this region is said to be complicated by number of factors such as soil nutrient deficiencies, soil physical constraints, damage from pests and diseases, and suboptimal management systems (Giller et al. 2009; Hengl et al. 2017).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe JIRCAS Research Program on Stable Agricultural Production is targeting developing regions such as SSA and coordinating internationally with related organizations in Japan and overseas. Through joint research, we are pursuing the development of sustainable technologies to increase agricultural productivity and improve food security. Especially in SSA, regarding crops such as rice, which needs to be improved in terms of productivity due to the rapid increase in rice consumption, and cowpea and yam, which are important local crops in the area, we are pursuing the development of technology for utilizing the diversity of genetic resources and breeding materials that adapt to high productivity and local preference, as well as crop production and livestock breeding technology that effectively utilize local resources such as organic matter and water. We are also developing basic technology for breeding and utilization of promising high-yielding biomass crops that can adapt to adverse environments such as low fertility, drought and salt damage. In addition, we are developing plant pest management technologies based on elucidation of ecology of outbreaks and vector insects for effective control of transboundary crop pests, which may have invaded and expanded in Japan. We are also developing disease resistant varieties using the research network established by JIRCAS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBy promoting the dissemination of these research and development technologies and maximizing the research results, we will contribute to improving productivity and nutrition of agricultural products in developing regions, as well as to eradicate world poverty and create a peaceful society. We also hope to promote research to contribute to a stable food supply to Japan through the stable production of agricultural products worldwide. For more information, please visit the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_b\u0022\u003Eprogram site\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429009001701?via%3Dihub\u0022\u003EGiller KE, et al. (2009) Conservation agriculture and smallholder farming in Africa: the heretics’ view. Field Crops Res 114(1):23–34\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003EGlobal Commission on Adaptation (2019) Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10705-017-9870-x.pdf\u0022\u003EHengl et al. (2017) Soil nutrient maps of Sub-Saharan Africa: assessment of soil nutrient content at 250 m spatial resolution using machine learning. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 109:77-102\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305750X10001014\u0022\u003EJayne TS, et al. (2010) Principal challenges confronting smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. World Dev 38(10):1384–1398\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors：Dr. Nakashima Kazuo (Program Director, Stable Agricultural Production)\u0026nbsp;and Dr. Iiyama Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global food demand will be tight in the medium to long term due to the predicted increase of world population, economic growth in emerging countries, and improvement of income level. Especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where one in four people are reported to remain malnourished, it is predicted that the population will double by 2050 accompanied by urbanization even at faster pace, making the achievement of food security in terms of quantity and quality an immense challenge.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn developing regions such as SSA, agricultural production potential has not been fully realized due to poor soil fertility and adverse environmental conditions. Many smallholder farmers in these areas are not consuming massive quantity of water and chemical fertilizers, thus least contributors to climate change, yet are predicted to suffer most from extreme weather events. In the autumn of 2019, the Global Commission on Climate Change Adaptation, in which former UN Presidents Ban Ki-moon and Bill Gates play a central role, released a call for action to adapt to climate change, warning that without adaptation, climate change might depress growth in global agriculture yields up to 30 percent by 2050 (Global Commission on Adaptation 2019). To end poverty and hunger (Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 1 \u0026amp; 2), it is extremely important to accelerate technological development to enhance stable food production especially in tropical regions where soil and water resources are poor.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESSA, in particular, covers more than 50% of the world\u0027s potential land for cultivation, but only a small portion of this land meet the conditions suitable for agricultural production (Jayne et al. 2010; Hengl et al. 2017). Although the proportion of arable land in SSA has been steadily expanding since the 1950’s, crop yields have remained low (Jayne et al. 2010). The underperformance of agriculture in this region is said to be complicated by number of factors such as soil nutrient deficiencies, soil physical constraints, damage from pests and diseases, and suboptimal management systems (Giller et al. 2009; Hengl et al. 2017).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe JIRCAS Research Program on Stable Agricultural Production is targeting developing regions such as SSA and coordinating internationally with related organizations in Japan and overseas. Through joint research, we are pursuing the development of sustainable technologies to increase agricultural productivity and improve food security. Especially in SSA, regarding crops such as rice, which needs to be improved in terms of productivity due to the rapid increase in rice consumption, and cowpea and yam, which are important local crops in the area, we are pursuing the development of technology for utilizing the diversity of genetic resources and breeding materials that adapt to high productivity and local preference, as well as crop production and livestock breeding technology that effectively utilize local resources such as organic matter and water. We are also developing basic technology for breeding and utilization of promising high-yielding biomass crops that can adapt to adverse environments such as low fertility, drought and salt damage. In addition, we are developing plant pest management technologies based on elucidation of ecology of outbreaks and vector insects for effective control of transboundary crop pests, which may have invaded and expanded in Japan. We are also developing disease resistant varieties using the research network established by JIRCAS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBy promoting the dissemination of these research and development technologies and maximizing the research results, we will contribute to improving productivity and nutrition of agricultural products in developing regions, as well as to eradicate world poverty and create a peaceful society. We also hope to promote research to contribute to a stable food supply to Japan through the stable production of agricultural products worldwide. For more information, please visit the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_b\u0022\u003Eprogram site\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429009001701?via%3Dihub\u0022\u003EGiller KE, et al. (2009) Conservation agriculture and smallholder farming in Africa: the heretics’ view. Field Crops Res 114(1):23–34\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003EGlobal Commission on Adaptation (2019) Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10705-017-9870-x.pdf\u0022\u003EHengl et al. (2017) Soil nutrient maps of Sub-Saharan Africa: assessment of soil nutrient content at 250 m spatial resolution using machine learning. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 109:77-102\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305750X10001014\u0022\u003EJayne TS, et al. (2010) Principal challenges confronting smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. World Dev 38(10):1384–1398\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors：Dr. Nakashima Kazuo (Program Director, Stable Agricultural Production)\u0026nbsp;and Dr. Iiyama Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "農産物安定生産", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Stable Agricultural Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200324#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "5. 熱帯等の不良環境における農産物の安定生産技術の開発", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "5.Technology development for stable production of agricultural products in the tropics and other adverse environments", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカをはじめとする開発途上地域には、土壌の低肥沃度や干ばつ等の不良環境のために農業生産の潜在能力が十分に発揮できていませんが、こうした地域の小規模農民の多くは、気候変動をもたらす原因に最も関与していないにもかかわらず、最大の被害を被ることが予測されています。世界的に貧困・飢餓の撲滅を達成するには、土壌や水資源に恵まれない熱帯等の開発途上地域における食料増産・安定化を推進するための技術開発が極めて重要です。国際農研では、アフリカをはじめとする開発途上地域において、農産物の安定生産技術の開発に取り組んでいます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In developing regions such as the sub-Saharan Africa, agricultural production potential has not been fully realized due to poor soil fertility and adverse environmental conditions. Many smallholder farmers in these areas are not consuming massive quantity of water and chemical fertilizers, thus least contributors to climate change, yet are predicted to suffer most from extreme weather events. To end poverty and hunger, it is extremely important to accelerate technological development to enhance stable food production especially in tropical regions where soil and water resources are poor. JIRCAS is pursuing the development of sustainable agricultural technologies in developing regions such as Africa in order to increase productivity and improve food security.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EPick Up初回記事 で述べたように、世界人口の増加や新興国における経済成長及び所得水準の向上により、中長期的には世界の食料需給がひっ迫することが懸念されています (Pick Up 1) 。とりわけサハラ砂漠以南のサブサハラ・アフリカでは2050年までに人口が倍増し都市化も進むと予測されていますが、4人に1人が栄養不良であるため、質・量ともに食料安定化を達成することが喫緊の課題です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一方、サブサハラ・アフリカをはじめとする開発途上地域では、土壌の低肥沃度や乾燥等の不良環境のために農業生産の潜在能力が十分に発揮できていません。こうした地域の小規模農民の多くは、水や化学肥料の大量使用とは無縁であり、気候変動をもたらす原因に最も関与していないにもかかわらず、気候変動による異常気象により最大の被害を被ることが予測されています。2019年秋に、前国連総長の潘基文氏やビルゲイツ氏が中心的役割を果たす気候変動適応グローバル委員会は、2050年までに、気候変動は世界の農業生産性の伸びを30％抑制しかねないとし、気候変動対応への無策に警鐘を鳴らしました (Global Commission on Adaptation 2019)。持続可能な開発目標(SDGs)の中でも貧困・飢餓の撲滅を達成するには、土壌や水資源に恵まれない熱帯等の地域における食料増産を推進するための技術開発が極めて重要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eとくにサブサハラ・アフリカ地域は、面積のみでみれば世界の潜在的な耕作地の50％以上を占めますが、実際に農業生産に適した条件を満たすのは一部でしかありません (Jayne et al. 2010; Hengl et al. 2017) 。1950年以来、サブサハラ・アフリカの農地面積は拡大してきましたが、作物の収量は低水準にとどまり、水の制約を考慮しても、潜在的な収量を達成し得ていない状況にあります (Jayne et al. 2010) 。この地域の農業が上手くいっていない(underperformance)背景には、土壌養分の不足、土壌物理的な制約、病害虫被害、最適でない経営体系など、複雑な要因が絡まっているとされています (Giller et al. 2009; Hengl et al. 2017) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研では、「熱帯等の不良環境における農産物の安定生産技術の開発」（農産物安定生産研究プログラム）において、アフリカをはじめとする開発途上地域を対象に、国内外の関係機関と連携した国際共同研究を通じて、農産物の安定生産技術の開発に取り組んでいます。とりわけサブサハラ・アフリカにおいては、コメの急激な消費増大のために生産性向上が求められているイネや、同地の地域作物として重要な位置を占めるササゲ・ヤム等の作物について、遺伝資源の多様性の利用技術及び栽培環境に適応した高い生産性や地域の嗜好性に適応した育種素材を開発するとともに、有機物や水等の地域資源を有効に活用した作物生産・家畜飼養技術等の開発に取り組んでいます。また、低肥沃度、干ばつ、塩害等の不良環境に適応可能な高生産性作物を作出するための基盤技術の開発や、先導的な育種素材の開発、開発途上地域のほ場での評価、利用技術の開発を行っています。さらに、我が国への侵入・拡大が懸念される越境性の作物病害虫等の防除に向け、移動性害虫や媒介虫の発生生態解明に基づく防除及び侵入・拡大抑制技術を開発しています。また、国際農研がこれまでに構築した研究ネットワークを活用して病害抵抗性品種を育成しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれらの試験研究ならびに開発技術の普及を推進し、研究成果を最大化することにより、開発途上地域における農産物の生産性向上と栄養改善、さらには世界の貧困撲滅と平和な社会づくりに貢献するとともに、世界的な農産物の安定生産を通じた我が国への食料安定供給にも寄与するべく、研究を推進しています。より詳しくは、プログラムのサイトをご覧ください（\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b\u003C/a\u003E）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGiller KE, et al. (2009) Conservation agriculture and smallholder farming in Africa: the heretics’ view. Field Crops Res 114(1):23–34.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429009001701?via%3Dihub\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429009001701?via%3Dihub\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Commission on Adaptation (2019) Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003Ehttps://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(参考) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190911\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190911\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHengl et al. (2017) Soil nutrient maps of Sub-Saharan Africa: assessment of soil nutrient content at 250 m spatial resolution using machine learning. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems volume 109, pages77–102; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10705-017-9870-x.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10705-017-9870-x.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJayne TS, et al. (2010) Principal challenges confronting smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. World Dev 38(10):1384–1398. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.06.002\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農産物安定生産 研究プログラム　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 1. 持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）と農業研究　－　国際農研＠50周年. JIRCAS 現地の動き.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：農産物安定生産プログラム\u0026nbsp; 中島一雄 ・ 研究戦略室\u0026nbsp; 飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global food demand will be tight in the medium to long term due to the predicted increase of world population, economic growth in emerging countries, and improvement of income level. Especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where one in four people are reported to remain malnourished, it is predicted that the population will double by 2050 accompanied by urbanization even at faster pace, making the achievement of food security in terms of quantity and quality an immense challenge.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn developing regions such as SSA, agricultural production potential has not been fully realized due to poor soil fertility and adverse environmental conditions. Many smallholder farmers in these areas are not consuming massive quantity of water and chemical fertilizers, thus least contributors to climate change, yet are predicted to suffer most from extreme weather events. In the autumn of 2019, the Global Commission on Climate Change Adaptation, in which former UN Presidents Ban Ki-moon and Bill Gates play a central role, released a call for action to adapt to climate change, warning that without adaptation, climate change might depress growth in global agriculture yields up to 30 percent by 2050 (Global Commission on Adaptation 2019). To end poverty and hunger (Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 1 \u0026amp; 2), it is extremely important to accelerate technological development to enhance stable food production especially in tropical regions where soil and water resources are poor.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESSA, in particular, covers more than 50% of the world\u0027s potential land for cultivation, but only a small portion of this land meet the conditions suitable for agricultural production (Jayne et al. 2010; Hengl et al. 2017). Although the proportion of arable land in SSA has been steadily expanding since the 1950’s, crop yields have remained low (Jayne et al. 2010). The underperformance of agriculture in this region is said to be complicated by number of factors such as soil nutrient deficiencies, soil physical constraints, damage from pests and diseases, and suboptimal management systems (Giller et al. 2009; Hengl et al. 2017).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe JIRCAS Research Program on Stable Agricultural Production is targeting developing regions such as SSA and coordinating internationally with related organizations in Japan and overseas. Through joint research, we are pursuing the development of sustainable technologies to increase agricultural productivity and improve food security. Especially in SSA, regarding crops such as rice, which needs to be improved in terms of productivity due to the rapid increase in rice consumption, and cowpea and yam, which are important local crops in the area, we are pursuing the development of technology for utilizing the diversity of genetic resources and breeding materials that adapt to high productivity and local preference, as well as crop production and livestock breeding technology that effectively utilize local resources such as organic matter and water. We are also developing basic technology for breeding and utilization of promising high-yielding biomass crops that can adapt to adverse environments such as low fertility, drought and salt damage. In addition, we are developing plant pest management technologies based on elucidation of ecology of outbreaks and vector insects for effective control of transboundary crop pests, which may have invaded and expanded in Japan. We are also developing disease resistant varieties using the research network established by JIRCAS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBy promoting the dissemination of these research and development technologies and maximizing the research results, we will contribute to improving productivity and nutrition of agricultural products in developing regions, as well as to eradicate world poverty and create a peaceful society. We also hope to promote research to contribute to a stable food supply to Japan through the stable production of agricultural products worldwide. For more information, please visit the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_b\u0022\u003Eprogram site\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378429009001701?via%3Dihub\u0022\u003EGiller KE, et al. (2009) Conservation agriculture and smallholder farming in Africa: the heretics’ view. Field Crops Res 114(1):23–34\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003EGlobal Commission on Adaptation (2019) Adapt Now: A Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10705-017-9870-x.pdf\u0022\u003EHengl et al. (2017) Soil nutrient maps of Sub-Saharan Africa: assessment of soil nutrient content at 250 m spatial resolution using machine learning. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 109:77-102\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305750X10001014\u0022\u003EJayne TS, et al. (2010) Principal challenges confronting smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. World Dev 38(10):1384–1398\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors：Dr. Nakashima Kazuo (Program Director, Stable Agricultural Production)\u0026nbsp;and Dr. Iiyama Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "農産物安定生産", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Stable Agricultural Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_1.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200512#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "6. Climate Change and Global Food Production Crisis - Call for Sustainable Resource Management Technology", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "6. Climate Change and Global Food Production Crisis - Call for Sustainable Resource Management Technology", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In 2019, the world’s leading international organizations warned that climate change and environmental degradation are progressing more than expected. Along with the negative impact of environmental degradation and climate change on agriculture, it should be noted that agriculture is one of the major contributors to these global problems. Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) activities accounted for 23% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and changes in these activities are also major causes of loss of biodiversity. In order to achieve food and nutrition security while avoiding irreversible risks in the future, it is necessary to develop and disseminate AFOLU to minimize the negative impacts on climate change and the environment. JIRCAS aims to realize sustainable integration of agriculture and contribute to climate change issues through technological development that improves productivity while sustainably and stably utilizing agricultural resources such as water, soil and fertilizer. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In 2019, the world’s leading international organizations warned that climate change and environmental degradation are progressing more than expected. Along with the negative impact of environmental degradation and climate change on agriculture, it should be noted that agriculture is one of the major contributors to these global problems. Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) activities accounted for 23% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and changes in these activities are also major causes of loss of biodiversity. In order to achieve food and nutrition security while avoiding irreversible risks in the future, it is necessary to develop and disseminate AFOLU to minimize the negative impacts on climate change and the environment. JIRCAS aims to realize sustainable integration of agriculture and contribute to climate change issues through technological development that improves productivity while sustainably and stably utilizing agricultural resources such as water, soil and fertilizer. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAt the UN Climate Action Summit in September 2019, the strong commitment of youth representatives to climate change attracted worldwide attention. According to a report published by the Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019, the five-year average global temperature for 2015-2019 was the warmest ever of an equivalent period on record and was already 1.1% above pre-industrial (1850-1900) times. At the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos held in January 2020, global experts and decision-makers were asked to rank their biggest concerns in terms of likelihood and impact. For the first time in the survey’s 10-year outlook, the top five global risks in terms of likelihood were all environmental, namely, (1) extreme weather, (2) failure to mitigate and adapt to climate change, (3) large-scale natural disasters, (4) biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse, and (5) human-made environmental disasters (World Economic Forum 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlong with the negative impact of environmental degradation and climate change on agriculture, it should be noted that agriculture is one of the major contributors to these global problems. Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) activities accounted for to 13% of carbon dioxide (CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E), 44% of methane (CH\u003Csub\u003E4\u003C/sub\u003E) and 81% nitrous oxide (N\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003EO) emissions from human activities globally during 2007-2016, representing 23% of total net anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (IPCC 2019). Globally, land use change, which is in turn driven primarily by agriculture, forestry and urbanization, is the direct driver with the largest relative impact on biodiversity (IPBES 2019).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a study on the sustainability, Johan Rockström and colleagues from the Stockholm Resilience Center, proposed a framework based on “planetary boundaries” that define the safe operating space for humanity with respect to the Earth system.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;As of 2009, three systems closely related to AFOLU, namely,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;climate change (atmospheric CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E\u0026nbsp;concentration), biodiversity (species extinction rate), and nitrogen cycle (amount of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;N\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E\u0026nbsp;removed from the atmosphere) have already been found to cross the boundaries of the Earth (Rockström et al. 2009). Furthermore, if the current pace of production and consumption continues without the implementation of mitigation and adaptation measures, the increase in population and income is expected to result in the increase of a 50-90% environmental effects of the food system during 2010-2050 (Springman et al. 2018). In order to avoid the catastrophic situation of climate change, it is necessary to limit global temperature rise to 1.5°C before it is too late. In order to do so, significantly more commitments needs to be made by every country should\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;to significantly reduce GHG emissions even further (The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to avoid the risk of irreversible temperature rise in the future while achieving the SDGs including food and nutrition security, it is necessary to develop and disseminate the technologies that minimize the negative impacts of AFOLU including the expansion of farmland accompanied by deforestation and soil degradation. To that end, we are pursuing the development of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;technologies to improve productivity by sustainably and efficiently utilizing resources such as water, soil and fertilizers, which can be applied at various scales from individual farms to watersheds, through maximizing the farmer’s knowledge and understanding of biological and environmental processes. This approach\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;could lead to sustainable intensification approach to agriculture that increases food production from existing resources without increasing impact on the environment (Pretty 2008).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe JIRCAS Research Program on “Development of agricultural technologies for sustainable management of the environment and natural resources in developing regions” aims to address the growing global issues of climate change and environmental degradation. We have been developing agricultural technologies for sustainable management of natural resources and environment in developing regions of Southeast and Southern Asia and of the African Continent. We are currently pursuing measures for climate change mitigation and adaptation, soil conservation technologies at the watershed level, and improvement of crop/cultivation technology for more efficient use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Through these activities, we contribute to our common goals for sustainable development (SDGs). For more incentive of farmers to adopt the mitigation technologies, we are considering also the benefits for local economy, not only those for global environment.\u0026nbsp;For more information, please visit the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_a\u0022\u003Eprogram site\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u0022\u003EIPBES (2019) Summary for Policymakers – Global Assessment Report\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/02/SPM_Updated-Jan20.pdf;\u0022\u003EIPCC (2020) Climate Change and Land. Summary for Policy Makers\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2610163/\u0022\u003EPretty J\u0026nbsp;(2008) Agricultural sustainability: concepts, principles and evidence, Phil.Trans. R. Soc. B. 363:447-465\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/461472a.pdf\u0022\u003ERockström et al. (2009) A safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461(24\u003C/a\u003E).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EThe Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit (2019) United In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u0022\u003ESpringmann et al. (2018) Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits. Nature 562:519-525\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u0022\u003EWorld Economic Forum (2020) The Global Risks Report 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETOBITA Satoshi (Program Director,\u0026nbsp;Environment and Natural Resource Management)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office) \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAt the UN Climate Action Summit in September 2019, the strong commitment of youth representatives to climate change attracted worldwide attention. According to a report published by the Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019, the five-year average global temperature for 2015-2019 was the warmest ever of an equivalent period on record and was already 1.1% above pre-industrial (1850-1900) times. At the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos held in January 2020, global experts and decision-makers were asked to rank their biggest concerns in terms of likelihood and impact. For the first time in the survey’s 10-year outlook, the top five global risks in terms of likelihood were all environmental, namely, (1) extreme weather, (2) failure to mitigate and adapt to climate change, (3) large-scale natural disasters, (4) biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse, and (5) human-made environmental disasters (World Economic Forum 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlong with the negative impact of environmental degradation and climate change on agriculture, it should be noted that agriculture is one of the major contributors to these global problems. Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) activities accounted for to 13% of carbon dioxide (CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E), 44% of methane (CH\u003Csub\u003E4\u003C/sub\u003E) and 81% nitrous oxide (N\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003EO) emissions from human activities globally during 2007-2016, representing 23% of total net anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (IPCC 2019). Globally, land use change, which is in turn driven primarily by agriculture, forestry and urbanization, is the direct driver with the largest relative impact on biodiversity (IPBES 2019).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a study on the sustainability, Johan Rockström and colleagues from the Stockholm Resilience Center, proposed a framework based on “planetary boundaries” that define the safe operating space for humanity with respect to the Earth system.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;As of 2009, three systems closely related to AFOLU, namely,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;climate change (atmospheric CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E\u0026nbsp;concentration), biodiversity (species extinction rate), and nitrogen cycle (amount of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;N\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E\u0026nbsp;removed from the atmosphere) have already been found to cross the boundaries of the Earth (Rockström et al. 2009). Furthermore, if the current pace of production and consumption continues without the implementation of mitigation and adaptation measures, the increase in population and income is expected to result in the increase of a 50-90% environmental effects of the food system during 2010-2050 (Springman et al. 2018). In order to avoid the catastrophic situation of climate change, it is necessary to limit global temperature rise to 1.5°C before it is too late. In order to do so, significantly more commitments needs to be made by every country should\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;to significantly reduce GHG emissions even further (The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to avoid the risk of irreversible temperature rise in the future while achieving the SDGs including food and nutrition security, it is necessary to develop and disseminate the technologies that minimize the negative impacts of AFOLU including the expansion of farmland accompanied by deforestation and soil degradation. To that end, we are pursuing the development of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;technologies to improve productivity by sustainably and efficiently utilizing resources such as water, soil and fertilizers, which can be applied at various scales from individual farms to watersheds, through maximizing the farmer’s knowledge and understanding of biological and environmental processes. This approach\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;could lead to sustainable intensification approach to agriculture that increases food production from existing resources without increasing impact on the environment (Pretty 2008).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe JIRCAS Research Program on “Development of agricultural technologies for sustainable management of the environment and natural resources in developing regions” aims to address the growing global issues of climate change and environmental degradation. We have been developing agricultural technologies for sustainable management of natural resources and environment in developing regions of Southeast and Southern Asia and of the African Continent. We are currently pursuing measures for climate change mitigation and adaptation, soil conservation technologies at the watershed level, and improvement of crop/cultivation technology for more efficient use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Through these activities, we contribute to our common goals for sustainable development (SDGs). For more incentive of farmers to adopt the mitigation technologies, we are considering also the benefits for local economy, not only those for global environment.\u0026nbsp;For more information, please visit the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_a\u0022\u003Eprogram site\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u0022\u003EIPBES (2019) Summary for Policymakers – Global Assessment Report\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/02/SPM_Updated-Jan20.pdf;\u0022\u003EIPCC (2020) Climate Change and Land. Summary for Policy Makers\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2610163/\u0022\u003EPretty J\u0026nbsp;(2008) Agricultural sustainability: concepts, principles and evidence, Phil.Trans. R. Soc. B. 363:447-465\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/461472a.pdf\u0022\u003ERockström et al. (2009) A safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461(24\u003C/a\u003E).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EThe Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit (2019) United In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u0022\u003ESpringmann et al. (2018) Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits. Nature 562:519-525\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u0022\u003EWorld Economic Forum (2020) The Global Risks Report 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETOBITA Satoshi (Program Director,\u0026nbsp;Environment and Natural Resource Management)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office) \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_a", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "資源・環境管理", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Environment and Natural Resource Management", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200325#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "6. 気候変動と世界食料生産危機　－　持続的資源・環境管理技術への期待", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "6. Climate Change and Global Food Production Crisis - Call for Sustainable Resource Management Technology", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2019年、権威ある国際機関がこぞって気候変動と環境劣化の進行が予想以上に進行していることに警鐘を鳴らしました。環境劣化・気候変動は農業への負のインパクトをもたらすと同時に、農業自身が環境劣化と気候変動の主要な原因の一つでであることにも着目しなければなりません。農林業その他土地利用(Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use -AFOLU)は、人間活動を原因とする温室効果ガス(GHG)の23％を占め、AFOLUの変化はまた、人間活動に起因する生物多様性の喪失の主要な原因となっています。食料・栄養安全保障の達成を目指しつつ、将来取り返しのつかないリスクを回避するためには、AFOLUによる気候変動や環境への負の影響を最小化していく技術開発と普及が必要です。国際農研は、水・土壌・肥料等の農業資源を持続的、安定的に活用しつつ、生産性を改善する技術開発を通じて、農業の持続的集約化の実現と気候変動問題への貢献を目指しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In 2019, the world’s leading international organizations warned that climate change and environmental degradation are progressing more than expected. Along with the negative impact of environmental degradation and climate change on agriculture, it should be noted that agriculture is one of the major contributors to these global problems. Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) activities accounted for 23% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and changes in these activities are also major causes of loss of biodiversity. In order to achieve food and nutrition security while avoiding irreversible risks in the future, it is necessary to develop and disseminate AFOLU to minimize the negative impacts on climate change and the environment. JIRCAS aims to realize sustainable integration of agriculture and contribute to climate change issues through technological development that improves productivity while sustainably and stably utilizing agricultural resources such as water, soil and fertilizer. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2019年9月の国連気候行動サミットは、若者の代表が気候変動への真剣な取組の重要性を訴えて世界的に注目を浴びました。サミットに合わせて公表された報告書 (The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019) によると、2015-2019年の世界の平均気温は史上最も暑く産業化以前 (1850-1900) に比べ既に1. 1℃上昇したとされます。2020年1月に開催されたダボス会議では、世界的リーダーが今後10年間に予測するグローバル・リスクについて報告がありましたが、2007年に集計を開始して以来はじめて、上位5件全てが「環境」に関わる事象であったことは特筆に値します 。それらは順に、\u0026nbsp;(1)異常気象、(2)気候変動緩和・適応の失敗、(3)大規模な自然災害、(4)生物多様性喪失とエコシステムの崩壊、(5)人為的な環境破壊・災害、です \u0026nbsp;(World Economic Forum 2020) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E環境劣化・気候変動は農業への負のインパクトをもたらすと同時に、農業自身が環境劣化と気候変動の主要な原因の一つでであることにも着目しなければなりません。農林業その他土地利用(Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use -AFOLU)は、2007-2016年の期間に排出された人間活動を原因とする温室効果ガス(GHG)の23％を占め、個別では、二酸化炭素(CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E)13％、メタン(CH\u003Csub\u003E4\u003C/sub\u003E)44％、亜酸化窒素(N\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003EO)81％の排出の原因となりました (IPCC 2019)。AFOLUの変化はまた、人間活動に起因する生物多様性の喪失の主要な原因となっています(IPBES 2019)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E地球の持続可能性について研究を行うStockholm Resilience CentreのJohan Rockströmらは、地球システムが自らの回復力 (resilience) を維持できる限界(Planetary Boundaries＝地球の限界)という概念を提唱し、「人類が安全に活動できる領域 (a safe operating space for humanity )」を提案しました。2009年時点で既に、AFOLUと密接に関連する3つのシステムは、すでに地球の境界を越えているとされました。それらは、気候変動(大気中CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E濃度)、生物多様性(種の絶滅率)、窒素循環(大気中からのN\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003Eの除去と反応性窒素の増大)です(Rockström et al. 2009)。さらに、緩和技術や適応策が実施されることなしに現状の生産・消費ペースが続けば、人口・所得増の結果として、2010-2050年の間にフードシステムからの環境負荷は50-90%増加することが予測されています (Springman et al. 2018) 。気候変動による壊滅的な状況を回避するためには、手遅れとなる前に気温上昇を1.5℃以内に抑制しなければなりませんが、そのためには各国が温室効果ガス排出量の大幅削減に向けさらに努力する必要があります (The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E食料・栄養安全保障を含むSDGsの達成を目指しつつ、将来取り返しのつかない気温上昇リスクを回避するためには、森林破壊・土壌劣化を伴う農地拡大をはじめとするAFOLUによる気候変動や環境への負の影響を最小化していく技術開発と普及が必要です。そのためには、生物学的・環境科学的なプロセスの理解と農民の知識を最大化することによって、個別農家から流域規模の異なるスケールにわたり、水・土壌・肥料等の農業資源を持続的、安定的に活用し生産性を改善する技術を開発します。そしてそれらの普及により持続的集約化(sustainable intensification: Pretty 2008)を実現することができると考えています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研の「開発途上地域における持続的な資源・環境管理技術の開発」（資源・環境管理）プログラムでは、気候変動や環境劣化等、深刻化する地球規模的課題に対処するため、アジア及びアフリカ地域を中心とする開発途上地域において、持続的な資源・環境管理技術の開発を進めてきました。具体的には、気候変動緩和・適応策、圃場～農家～流域レベルでの土壌保全技術の開発、窒素肥料利用の効率化を可能とする育種・栽培技術等の開発を通じ、また普及を促すための農民の経済的利益にも配慮しながら、気候変動への対応、環境保全への貢献を目指しています。より詳しくは、プログラムのサイトをご覧ください(https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_a)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIPBES (2019) Summary for Policymakers – Global Assessment Report\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u0022\u003Ehttps://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIPCC (2020) Climate Change and Land. Summary for Policy Makers \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/02/SPM_Updated-Jan20.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/02/SPM_Updated-Jan20.pdf\u003C/a\u003E;\u0026nbsp;(参考) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180523\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20180523\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPretty J. (2008) Agricultural sustainability: concepts, principles and evidence, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 363, 447–465. doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2163\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERockström et al. (2009) A safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461(24). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/461472a.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.nature.com/articles/461472a.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E資源・環境管理　研究プログラム　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_a\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_a\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit (2019) United In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003Ehttps://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/a\u003E; (参考) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191003\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191003\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESpringmann et al. (2018) Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits.\u0026nbsp; Nature. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum (2020) The Global Risks Report 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;(参考) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200213\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200213\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：資源環境管理プログラム　飛田哲；　研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAt the UN Climate Action Summit in September 2019, the strong commitment of youth representatives to climate change attracted worldwide attention. According to a report published by the Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019, the five-year average global temperature for 2015-2019 was the warmest ever of an equivalent period on record and was already 1.1% above pre-industrial (1850-1900) times. At the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos held in January 2020, global experts and decision-makers were asked to rank their biggest concerns in terms of likelihood and impact. For the first time in the survey’s 10-year outlook, the top five global risks in terms of likelihood were all environmental, namely, (1) extreme weather, (2) failure to mitigate and adapt to climate change, (3) large-scale natural disasters, (4) biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse, and (5) human-made environmental disasters (World Economic Forum 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlong with the negative impact of environmental degradation and climate change on agriculture, it should be noted that agriculture is one of the major contributors to these global problems. Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) activities accounted for to 13% of carbon dioxide (CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E), 44% of methane (CH\u003Csub\u003E4\u003C/sub\u003E) and 81% nitrous oxide (N\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003EO) emissions from human activities globally during 2007-2016, representing 23% of total net anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (IPCC 2019). Globally, land use change, which is in turn driven primarily by agriculture, forestry and urbanization, is the direct driver with the largest relative impact on biodiversity (IPBES 2019).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a study on the sustainability, Johan Rockström and colleagues from the Stockholm Resilience Center, proposed a framework based on “planetary boundaries” that define the safe operating space for humanity with respect to the Earth system.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;As of 2009, three systems closely related to AFOLU, namely,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;climate change (atmospheric CO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E\u0026nbsp;concentration), biodiversity (species extinction rate), and nitrogen cycle (amount of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;N\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E\u0026nbsp;removed from the atmosphere) have already been found to cross the boundaries of the Earth (Rockström et al. 2009). Furthermore, if the current pace of production and consumption continues without the implementation of mitigation and adaptation measures, the increase in population and income is expected to result in the increase of a 50-90% environmental effects of the food system during 2010-2050 (Springman et al. 2018). In order to avoid the catastrophic situation of climate change, it is necessary to limit global temperature rise to 1.5°C before it is too late. In order to do so, significantly more commitments needs to be made by every country should\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;to significantly reduce GHG emissions even further (The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to avoid the risk of irreversible temperature rise in the future while achieving the SDGs including food and nutrition security, it is necessary to develop and disseminate the technologies that minimize the negative impacts of AFOLU including the expansion of farmland accompanied by deforestation and soil degradation. To that end, we are pursuing the development of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;technologies to improve productivity by sustainably and efficiently utilizing resources such as water, soil and fertilizers, which can be applied at various scales from individual farms to watersheds, through maximizing the farmer’s knowledge and understanding of biological and environmental processes. This approach\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;could lead to sustainable intensification approach to agriculture that increases food production from existing resources without increasing impact on the environment (Pretty 2008).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe JIRCAS Research Program on “Development of agricultural technologies for sustainable management of the environment and natural resources in developing regions” aims to address the growing global issues of climate change and environmental degradation. We have been developing agricultural technologies for sustainable management of natural resources and environment in developing regions of Southeast and Southern Asia and of the African Continent. We are currently pursuing measures for climate change mitigation and adaptation, soil conservation technologies at the watershed level, and improvement of crop/cultivation technology for more efficient use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Through these activities, we contribute to our common goals for sustainable development (SDGs). For more incentive of farmers to adopt the mitigation technologies, we are considering also the benefits for local economy, not only those for global environment.\u0026nbsp;For more information, please visit the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_a\u0022\u003Eprogram site\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u0022\u003EIPBES (2019) Summary for Policymakers – Global Assessment Report\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/4/2020/02/SPM_Updated-Jan20.pdf;\u0022\u003EIPCC (2020) Climate Change and Land. Summary for Policy Makers\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2610163/\u0022\u003EPretty J\u0026nbsp;(2008) Agricultural sustainability: concepts, principles and evidence, Phil.Trans. R. Soc. B. 363:447-465\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/461472a.pdf\u0022\u003ERockström et al. (2009) A safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461(24\u003C/a\u003E).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EThe Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit (2019) United In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0594-0\u0022\u003ESpringmann et al. (2018) Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits. Nature 562:519-525\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u0022\u003EWorld Economic Forum (2020) The Global Risks Report 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETOBITA Satoshi (Program Director,\u0026nbsp;Environment and Natural Resource Management)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office) \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_a", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "資源・環境管理", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Environment and Natural Resource Management", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_1.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200514_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "7. International Collaboration on Rice Genetic Resources Research", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "7. International Collaboration on Rice Genetic Resources Research", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/asia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": null, "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アジア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Asia", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/japan#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Japan", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "日本", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Japan", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In Japan, rice improvement programs focus on developing varieties with good taste while well adapted to specific local climatic and weather conditions. Rice is also used as one of the staple crops Most of the poor regions of the world are concentrated in the tropics. On the other hand, the growing influence of global warming and increasing frequencies of extreme weather events in recent years have raised serious concerns of the deterioration of both rice quality and yield in the future. Aiming for stable rice production will greatly contribute to poverty alleviation and social stability in these regions, where Japan can play a strategic role to contribute to global food and nutrition security. JIRCAS is pursuing the conservation rice germplasms and breeding materials and development of a database, in order to contribute to the establishment of an international cooperation system for the conservation and use of rice genetic resources.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In Japan, rice improvement programs focus on developing varieties with good taste while well adapted to specific local climatic and weather conditions. Rice is also used as one of the staple crops Most of the poor regions of the world are concentrated in the tropics. On the other hand, the growing influence of global warming and increasing frequencies of extreme weather events in recent years have raised serious concerns of the deterioration of both rice quality and yield in the future. Aiming for stable rice production will greatly contribute to poverty alleviation and social stability in these regions, where Japan can play a strategic role to contribute to global food and nutrition security. JIRCAS is pursuing the conservation rice germplasms and breeding materials and development of a database, in order to contribute to the establishment of an international cooperation system for the conservation and use of rice genetic resources.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe program of rice genetic improvement has been focused on developing varieties with good taste while well adapted to specific local climatic and weather conditions, given its varied agroecologies extending from north to south in Japan. Although Japan is highly dependent on imported foods on a calorie basis, it has achieved almost self-sufficiency in rice production. There has been a growing effort in recent years to develop the export market for rice by promoting its good taste (MAFF website). On the other hand, the growing influence of global warming and increasing frequencies of extreme weather events have raised serious concerns of the deterioration of both rice quality and yield in the future with the increased observations of poor grain quality among conventional varieties due to high temperature at the ripening stage across various parts of Japan, (NARO Technical Report No.4, 2020). Given increasing climatic animalities potentially affecting the rice industry in Japan, it is critical to enhance the rice germplasm collection and obtain information on rice genetic resources in the tropical and subtropical regions that can be useful in varietal improvement. On the other hand, most of the poor regions of the world are concentrated in the tropics where rice is also used as one of the staple crops. Aiming for stable rice production will greatly contribute to poverty alleviation and social stability in these regions, where Japan can play a strategic role to contribute to global food and nutrition security.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to address the challenges in rice production due to climate change and to eliminate poverty in developing countries of the tropical region, it is necessary to establish an international cooperation for the conservation and use of genetic resources and breeding materials for important crops. JIRCAS, as an organization representing Japan to engage in international collaborative agricultural research with developing countries, is in the position to serve as a bridge in providing breeders and researchers with such breeding materials and information, in order to enhance the efficiency of breeding research in both Japan and its partner countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is becoming important to set up clear rules and protocols to promote exchange of genetic resources to be used in breeding programs between/among research institutions in Japan and overseas, in order to maximize mutual benefits while not harming the interest of the country of origin. To this end, first of all, it is extremely important to secure widely available breeding materials and to develop a database for these materials.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is conserving about 2,000 rice germplasms and breeding materials provided by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) based in the Philippines, and national agricultural research institutes in developing regions. We have been collecting basic data such as heading date and yield under different environment in Ishigaki (sub-tropical) and Tsukuba (temperate) and promoting seed propagation and storage of these rice genetic resources. As examples of our collaborative research, we introduced chromosome fragments of Tropical Japonica Group upland rice varieties into the genetic background of an Indica Group rice variety IR64 (Fujita et al., 2009, Uddin et al. 2016), and obtained genetic information on rice germplasm collected from the Japan (Kawasaki-Tanaka and Fukuta, 2014), Myanmar (Wunna et al. 2016), West Africa\u0026nbsp;(Objo et al. 2017), Bangladesh (Khan et al. 2017), Kenya\u0026nbsp;(Fukuta et al. 2019), and Laos (Muto et al. 2019), Philippines and Indonesia. Many Indica Group rice varieties under the sub-tropical environment of Ishigaki show higher yield performances than those of Japonica Group varieties widely cultivated in the temperate regions of Japan. We are collecting data on morphological and physiological traits of these potential breeding materials to facilitate registration as new varieties. We are also participating in experimental trials to use one of the materials as a raw material for brewing of ‘Awamori’, a specialty of Okinawa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFukuta Y et al. (2019) Genetic variation of blast (\u003Cem\u003EPyricularia oryzae\u003C/em\u003E Cavara) resistance in rice (\u003Cem\u003EOryza sativa\u003C/em\u003E L.) accessions widely used in Kenya. Breeding Science 69:672-679.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMuto C et al. (2019) Genetic variation in rice (\u003Cem\u003EOryza sativa\u003C/em\u003E L.) germplasm from northern Laos. Breeding Science 69: 272-278.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// http://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/publicity_report/publication/laboratory/naro/naro_technical_report/134176.html\u0022\u003ENARO Technical Report No.4\u003C/a\u003E (March 1,\u0026nbsp;2020 Issue) \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMAFF HP\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/zyukyu/zikyu_ritu/attach/pdf/012-12.pdf\u0022\u003EJapan\u0027s Food Self-sufficiency Rate in 2018 \u003C/a\u003E(in Japanese)　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5790046/\u0022\u003EOdjo T et al. (2017) Genetic variation in blast resistance in rice germplasm from West Africa. Breeding Science 67: 500-508\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUddin MN\u0026nbsp; et al. (2016) Genetic characterizationof introgression lines with the genetic background of the Indica-type rice (\u003Cem\u003EOryza sativa\u003C/em\u003E L.) cultivar IR 64 under irrigated lowland and upland conditions. Field Crops Research. 191: 168-175.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: FUKUTA Yoshimichi (Tropical Agriculture Research Front)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe program of rice genetic improvement has been focused on developing varieties with good taste while well adapted to specific local climatic and weather conditions, given its varied agroecologies extending from north to south in Japan. Although Japan is highly dependent on imported foods on a calorie basis, it has achieved almost self-sufficiency in rice production. There has been a growing effort in recent years to develop the export market for rice by promoting its good taste (MAFF website). On the other hand, the growing influence of global warming and increasing frequencies of extreme weather events have raised serious concerns of the deterioration of both rice quality and yield in the future with the increased observations of poor grain quality among conventional varieties due to high temperature at the ripening stage across various parts of Japan, (NARO Technical Report No.4, 2020). Given increasing climatic animalities potentially affecting the rice industry in Japan, it is critical to enhance the rice germplasm collection and obtain information on rice genetic resources in the tropical and subtropical regions that can be useful in varietal improvement. On the other hand, most of the poor regions of the world are concentrated in the tropics where rice is also used as one of the staple crops. Aiming for stable rice production will greatly contribute to poverty alleviation and social stability in these regions, where Japan can play a strategic role to contribute to global food and nutrition security.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to address the challenges in rice production due to climate change and to eliminate poverty in developing countries of the tropical region, it is necessary to establish an international cooperation for the conservation and use of genetic resources and breeding materials for important crops. JIRCAS, as an organization representing Japan to engage in international collaborative agricultural research with developing countries, is in the position to serve as a bridge in providing breeders and researchers with such breeding materials and information, in order to enhance the efficiency of breeding research in both Japan and its partner countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is becoming important to set up clear rules and protocols to promote exchange of genetic resources to be used in breeding programs between/among research institutions in Japan and overseas, in order to maximize mutual benefits while not harming the interest of the country of origin. To this end, first of all, it is extremely important to secure widely available breeding materials and to develop a database for these materials.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is conserving about 2,000 rice germplasms and breeding materials provided by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) based in the Philippines, and national agricultural research institutes in developing regions. We have been collecting basic data such as heading date and yield under different environment in Ishigaki (sub-tropical) and Tsukuba (temperate) and promoting seed propagation and storage of these rice genetic resources. As examples of our collaborative research, we introduced chromosome fragments of Tropical Japonica Group upland rice varieties into the genetic background of an Indica Group rice variety IR64 (Fujita et al., 2009, Uddin et al. 2016), and obtained genetic information on rice germplasm collected from the Japan (Kawasaki-Tanaka and Fukuta, 2014), Myanmar (Wunna et al. 2016), West Africa\u0026nbsp;(Objo et al. 2017), Bangladesh (Khan et al. 2017), Kenya\u0026nbsp;(Fukuta et al. 2019), and Laos (Muto et al. 2019), Philippines and Indonesia. Many Indica Group rice varieties under the sub-tropical environment of Ishigaki show higher yield performances than those of Japonica Group varieties widely cultivated in the temperate regions of Japan. We are collecting data on morphological and physiological traits of these potential breeding materials to facilitate registration as new varieties. We are also participating in experimental trials to use one of the materials as a raw material for brewing of ‘Awamori’, a specialty of Okinawa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFukuta Y et al. (2019) Genetic variation of blast (\u003Cem\u003EPyricularia oryzae\u003C/em\u003E Cavara) resistance in rice (\u003Cem\u003EOryza sativa\u003C/em\u003E L.) accessions widely used in Kenya. Breeding Science 69:672-679.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMuto C et al. (2019) Genetic variation in rice (\u003Cem\u003EOryza sativa\u003C/em\u003E L.) germplasm from northern Laos. Breeding Science 69: 272-278.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// http://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/publicity_report/publication/laboratory/naro/naro_technical_report/134176.html\u0022\u003ENARO Technical Report No.4\u003C/a\u003E (March 1,\u0026nbsp;2020 Issue) \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMAFF HP\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/zyukyu/zikyu_ritu/attach/pdf/012-12.pdf\u0022\u003EJapan\u0027s Food Self-sufficiency Rate in 2018 \u003C/a\u003E(in Japanese)　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5790046/\u0022\u003EOdjo T et al. (2017) Genetic variation in blast resistance in rice germplasm from West Africa. Breeding Science 67: 500-508\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUddin MN\u0026nbsp; et al. (2016) Genetic characterizationof introgression lines with the genetic background of the Indica-type rice (\u003Cem\u003EOryza sativa\u003C/em\u003E L.) cultivar IR 64 under irrigated lowland and upland conditions. Field Crops Research. 191: 168-175.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: FUKUTA Yoshimichi (Tropical Agriculture Research Front)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200325_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-03-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "7. イネ遺伝資源に関する国際共同研究体制の必要性", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "7. International Collaboration on Rice Genetic Resources Research", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/asia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": null, "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アジア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Asia", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/japan#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Japan", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "日本", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Japan", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "日本では様々なコメの品種改良が行われ、国内各地域に適応したコメ品種が生みだされてきました。一方で、世界の貧困地帯は熱帯などの開発途上地域に集中しており、コメも主要な食料の一つとして利用されています。近年、温暖化や異常気象が進む中、コメの品質が低下したり、安定的に十分な収量を得られなくなることも危惧されています。気候変動による天候不順等に備え、コメの安定生産を図ることが、開発途上地域の貧困の解決や社会の安定化、ひいては日本の食料安全保障にも大いに貢献することになります。国際農研では、コメ遺伝資源および育種素材の保存と利用に向けた国際的な協力体制の確立に貢献するため、育種素材の確保とそれらに対する基礎データベースの開発に取り組んでいます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In Japan, rice improvement programs focus on developing varieties with good taste while well adapted to specific local climatic and weather conditions. Rice is also used as one of the staple crops Most of the poor regions of the world are concentrated in the tropics. On the other hand, the growing influence of global warming and increasing frequencies of extreme weather events in recent years have raised serious concerns of the deterioration of both rice quality and yield in the future. Aiming for stable rice production will greatly contribute to poverty alleviation and social stability in these regions, where Japan can play a strategic role to contribute to global food and nutrition security. JIRCAS is pursuing the conservation rice germplasms and breeding materials and development of a database, in order to contribute to the establishment of an international cooperation system for the conservation and use of rice genetic resources.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E日本では様々なコメの品種改良が行われ、南北に長い国土の様々な気候・気象条件に応じて、おいしくてそれぞれに地域に適応したコメ品種が生みだされてきました。カロリーベースで海外の食料への依存が高い日本ですが、コメのみほぼ自給を達成し、近年では良味を活かして輸出市場の開拓も目指そうとの動きが高まっています（農林水産省HP）。他方、温暖化や異常気象が進む中、今後日本各地において高温による登熟不良など従来の品種では対応できない現象も出始めており、将来、品質が低下したり、安定的に十分な収量を得られなくなることも危惧されてきています（農研機構技報 No.4, 2020）。このために、熱帯・亜熱帯地域のコメ品種について、広く遺伝資源や情報を収集し、品種開発に利用していく準備も整えておく必要があります。また一方で、世界の貧困地帯は熱帯などの開発途上地域に集中しており、コメも主要な食料の一つとして利用されています。コメの安定生産を図ることが、これらの地域の貧困の解決や社会の安定化、ひいては日本の食料安全保障にも大いに貢献することになります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動による天候不順等に備え、熱帯地域の開発途上地域の貧困の解消に向けて、コメなどの重要な作物に関して世界的に遺伝資源および育種素材の保存と利用に向けての国際的な協力体制を確立する必要性があります。また、国際農研が橋渡しをして、育種研究者へのそれらの育種材料そのものや情報を提供することにより、国内における育種研究の効率化を図ることも大切です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E各国の研究機関や国際農業研究機関と、日頃から育種・品種改良のための共同研究を実施する上での遺伝資源のやりとりに関する国際的ルールを共有し、原産国の利益を損じないよう、反対に益する手段も考慮しながら、国内外での遺伝・育種研究を進めていくことが大切になってきています。このためには、まず初めに広く利用できる育種素材の確保とそれらに対する基礎データベースの開発が極めて重要になってきます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、フィリピンに本部を持つ国際稲研究所（IRRI）や開発途上地域の国立農業研究機関等から分譲を受けた2,000余りのイネ遺伝資源や育種素材にについて、石垣(亜熱帯)、つくば（温帯）と異なる環境下における出穂・収量性等の基礎データの収集と、種子増殖・保存を進めてきました。これまでの研究例の一つとして、インド型イネ品種IR 64の遺伝的背景にインドネシア産陸稲品種の染色体断片を導入した系統群などの育種素材や、フィリピン、インドネシア、ラオス、カンボジア、ケニア、西アフリカの遺伝資源と情報が収集されてきています（Uddin et al. 2016; Objo et al. 2017; Fukuta et al. 2019; Muto et al. 2019）。これらの共同研究で育成したインド型品種の中には、亜熱帯である石垣の環境下で、温帯に適応した日本品種米や他のインド型品種よりも高い収量が得られる系統も見つけられてきています。この育種素材については、品種登録のためのデータ収集を進めており、沖縄の特産品である泡盛等の原料として使用する試みにも貢献しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFukuta Y et al. (2019) Genetic variation of blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) accessions widely used in Kenya. Breeding Science 69:672-679.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMuto C et al. (2019) Genetic variation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm from northern Laos. Breeding Science 69: 272-278.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農研機構 (2020)「農研機構技報 (NARO Technical Report)」 No. 4, 2020年3月1日発行. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/publicity_report/publication/laboratory/naro/naro_technical_report/134176.html\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/publicity_report/publication/laboratory/naro/naro_technical_report/134176.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農林水産省 ホームページ　平成30年度食料自給率について　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/zyukyu/zikyu_ritu/attach/pdf/012-12.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/zyukyu/zikyu_ritu/attach/pdf/012-12.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOdjo T et al. (2017) Genetic variation in blast resistance in rice germplasm from West Africa. Breeding Science 67: 500-508. Scince.doi:10.1270/jsbbs.17051.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUddin MN\u0026nbsp; et al. (2016) Genetic characterizationof introgression lines with the genetic background of the Indica-type rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar IR 64 under irrigated lowland and upland conditions. Field Crops Research. 191: 168-175.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：熱帯・島嶼研究拠点　福田善通）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe program of rice genetic improvement has been focused on developing varieties with good taste while well adapted to specific local climatic and weather conditions, given its varied agroecologies extending from north to south in Japan. Although Japan is highly dependent on imported foods on a calorie basis, it has achieved almost self-sufficiency in rice production. There has been a growing effort in recent years to develop the export market for rice by promoting its good taste (MAFF website). On the other hand, the growing influence of global warming and increasing frequencies of extreme weather events have raised serious concerns of the deterioration of both rice quality and yield in the future with the increased observations of poor grain quality among conventional varieties due to high temperature at the ripening stage across various parts of Japan, (NARO Technical Report No.4, 2020). Given increasing climatic animalities potentially affecting the rice industry in Japan, it is critical to enhance the rice germplasm collection and obtain information on rice genetic resources in the tropical and subtropical regions that can be useful in varietal improvement. On the other hand, most of the poor regions of the world are concentrated in the tropics where rice is also used as one of the staple crops. Aiming for stable rice production will greatly contribute to poverty alleviation and social stability in these regions, where Japan can play a strategic role to contribute to global food and nutrition security.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to address the challenges in rice production due to climate change and to eliminate poverty in developing countries of the tropical region, it is necessary to establish an international cooperation for the conservation and use of genetic resources and breeding materials for important crops. JIRCAS, as an organization representing Japan to engage in international collaborative agricultural research with developing countries, is in the position to serve as a bridge in providing breeders and researchers with such breeding materials and information, in order to enhance the efficiency of breeding research in both Japan and its partner countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is becoming important to set up clear rules and protocols to promote exchange of genetic resources to be used in breeding programs between/among research institutions in Japan and overseas, in order to maximize mutual benefits while not harming the interest of the country of origin. To this end, first of all, it is extremely important to secure widely available breeding materials and to develop a database for these materials.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is conserving about 2,000 rice germplasms and breeding materials provided by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) based in the Philippines, and national agricultural research institutes in developing regions. We have been collecting basic data such as heading date and yield under different environment in Ishigaki (sub-tropical) and Tsukuba (temperate) and promoting seed propagation and storage of these rice genetic resources. As examples of our collaborative research, we introduced chromosome fragments of Tropical Japonica Group upland rice varieties into the genetic background of an Indica Group rice variety IR64 (Fujita et al., 2009, Uddin et al. 2016), and obtained genetic information on rice germplasm collected from the Japan (Kawasaki-Tanaka and Fukuta, 2014), Myanmar (Wunna et al. 2016), West Africa\u0026nbsp;(Objo et al. 2017), Bangladesh (Khan et al. 2017), Kenya\u0026nbsp;(Fukuta et al. 2019), and Laos (Muto et al. 2019), Philippines and Indonesia. Many Indica Group rice varieties under the sub-tropical environment of Ishigaki show higher yield performances than those of Japonica Group varieties widely cultivated in the temperate regions of Japan. We are collecting data on morphological and physiological traits of these potential breeding materials to facilitate registration as new varieties. We are also participating in experimental trials to use one of the materials as a raw material for brewing of ‘Awamori’, a specialty of Okinawa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFukuta Y et al. (2019) Genetic variation of blast (\u003Cem\u003EPyricularia oryzae\u003C/em\u003E Cavara) resistance in rice (\u003Cem\u003EOryza sativa\u003C/em\u003E L.) accessions widely used in Kenya. Breeding Science 69:672-679.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMuto C et al. (2019) Genetic variation in rice (\u003Cem\u003EOryza sativa\u003C/em\u003E L.) germplasm from northern Laos. Breeding Science 69: 272-278.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// http://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/publicity_report/publication/laboratory/naro/naro_technical_report/134176.html\u0022\u003ENARO Technical Report No.4\u003C/a\u003E (March 1,\u0026nbsp;2020 Issue) \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMAFF HP\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/zyukyu/zikyu_ritu/attach/pdf/012-12.pdf\u0022\u003EJapan\u0027s Food Self-sufficiency Rate in 2018 \u003C/a\u003E(in Japanese)　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5790046/\u0022\u003EOdjo T et al. (2017) Genetic variation in blast resistance in rice germplasm from West Africa. Breeding Science 67: 500-508\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUddin MN\u0026nbsp; et al. (2016) Genetic characterizationof introgression lines with the genetic background of the Indica-type rice (\u003Cem\u003EOryza sativa\u003C/em\u003E L.) cultivar IR 64 under irrigated lowland and upland conditions. Field Crops Research. 191: 168-175.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: FUKUTA Yoshimichi (Tropical Agriculture Research Front)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_0.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200514_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "8. New Coronavirus Pandemic – Response of the International Community to the Global Food Crisis", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "8. New Coronavirus Pandemic – Response of the International Community to the Global Food Crisis", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was confirmed in December 2019, is now sweeping the whole world. The expansion in low-income countries with vulnerable heath care systems including the Sub-Saharan Africa may further worsen the global food and nutrition security crisis in addition to the social and humanitarian crisis in the future. On the night of March 26, 2020, the leaders of 20 countries and regions (G20), including Japan, USA, EU, and emerging countries, held the G20 Summit Video Teleconference Meeting, the first in history of the summit, to respond to the new coronavirus and to deal with the economic impact of the pandemic. In particular, the G20 leaders expressed serious concerns about the crisis facing the developing with vulnerable health systems and economies especially in Africa and the small island states, and a commitment to use all available policy tools in order to minimize the economic and social damage from the pandemic.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was confirmed in December 2019, is now sweeping the whole world. The expansion in low-income countries with vulnerable heath care systems including the Sub-Saharan Africa may further worsen the global food and nutrition security crisis in addition to the social and humanitarian crisis in the future. On the night of March 26, 2020, the leaders of 20 countries and regions (G20), including Japan, USA, EU, and emerging countries, held the G20 Summit Video Teleconference Meeting, the first in history of the summit, to respond to the new coronavirus and to deal with the economic impact of the pandemic. In particular, the G20 leaders expressed serious concerns about the crisis facing the developing with vulnerable health systems and economies especially in Africa and the small island states, and a commitment to use all available policy tools in order to minimize the economic and social damage from the pandemic.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was confirmed in December 2019, is now\u0026nbsp;sweeping\u0026nbsp;the whole world. As of April 1, 2020, more than 845,000 people have been infected in more than 190 countries worldwide (Financial Times HP). The epicenter of the outbreak has shifted from China to Europe and the United States. In Japan, the number of people infected in Tokyo and other large cities has continued to increase for several days in a row and the situation remains unpredictable. While attention is currently focused on when the spread in Europe and the United States will be contained, there is a growing concern\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;that it will expand to low-income countries including Sub-Saharan Africa in the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of COVID-19 can affect vulnerable societies, especially in developing regions. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reported that the pandemic will cause food security crisis to 820 million people in the world already suffering from hunger. In particular, it is predicted that the situation will be exacerbated in 53 countries with more than 100 million people under emergency situations and in food importing countries including the East African region that has been suffering from the outbreak of desert locusts. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) urgently issued a report (The Covid-19 Shock to Developing Countries) on March 30, 2020, and warned that developing economies, especially those that rely on exports of primary commodities, are likely to be hit more than during the 2008 global financial crisis, due to the global economic downturn associated with the COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the Sub-Sahara African region has been experiencing rapid urbanization in recent years, both rural areas and slums in urban areas have too poor infrastructure to respond to the rapid spread of infectious diseases\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;insufficient water supply and sewerage, weak medical systems. At the same time, many poor countries are still unable to achieve food security, with one in four still suffering from malnutrition. During the Ebola crisis, hunger and nutritional status deteriorated due to social turmoil associated with quarantine and movement restrictions. Furthermore, since last year, food shortages have already been predicted by 2020 in areas where agricultural production has been devastatingly affected by climate change, droughts and the damage caused by desert locusts. When nutritional status deteriorates due to food shortage, immunity and resistance also decrease, making more prone to infections. Sub-Saharan Africa already has many refugee camps, but it is expected that refugees will increase due to the food crisis. Considering these backgrounds, there is concern about the deterioration of food and nutrition security crisis of sub-Saharan African countries that depend on food imports while relying on mineral resources and commodity crop exports, in addition to direct social and humanitarian crises due to the COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs of the end of March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that the spread of infections in Sub-Saharan Africa was slower than in Asia and Europe, but recently, the situation is turning around rapidly. According to Reuters, there were approximately 2,850 infected people and more than 73 dead in more than 40 countries as of March 26. In Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a need to contain the spread of the outbreak in the early stages (Reuters News). South Africa has introduced a curfew for three weeks from March 26, and Kenya has issued a night curfew in the region, and Nigeria, which has the largest population in the region, has declared a lockdown on March 30.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the night of March 26, 2020, the leaders of 20 countries and regions (G20), including Japan, USA, EU, and emerging countries, held the G20 Summit Video Teleconference Meeting, the first in history of the summit, to respond to the new coronavirus and to deal with the economic impact of the pandemic. It has issued a statement on a strong commitment to presenting a united front against this common threat. In particular, the G20 leaders expressed serious concerns about the crisis facing the developing and least developed countries especially in Africa and small island states, where health systems and economies are vulnerable, and a commitment to use all available policy tools in order to minimize the economic and social damage from the pandemic, restore global growth, maintain market stability, and strengthen resilience.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn behalf of Japan, JIRCAS participates in international conferences and platforms in the field of international agriculture, forestry and fisheries research. In particular, the President of JIRCAS has participated in the G20 Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists (G20-MACS) as part of the Japanese delegation, and also currently serves as a member of the FAO Secretary-General\u0027s advisory group along with top agricultural researchers. At JIRCAS, we are discussing priorities for agricultural research related to the stable food supply in the world and exchanging information on strengthening cooperation among countries. In addition, we are conducting research on food production stabilization in Sub-Saharan Africa from a long-term perspective, and strategically responding to this crisis from the perspective of research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u0022\u003EQ\u0026amp;A: COVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFinancial Times HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ft.com/coronavirus-latest\u0022\u003ECoronavirus tracked: the latest figures as the pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;accessed on April 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Japan HP. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/index.html\u0022\u003EG20 Summit Video Teleconference Meeting\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/reports/2019/r20190426\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Participation in the 8th G20 Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists (G20 MACS\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/release/2019/press201910\u0022\u003E国際農研岩永理事長がFAO顧問団メンバーに就任\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日経産業新聞「直談　国際農林水産業研究センター理事長　岩永勝氏　気候変動、品種改良で挑む」2020.4.1.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters News. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://jp.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-africa-idJPKBN21D34S\u0022\u003EＷＨＯ、アフリカの新型コロナ拡大に懸念　「阻止の可能性縮小\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;2020.3.27.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/gds_tdr2019_covid2_en.pdf\u0022\u003EThe Covid-19 Shock to Developing Countries: Towards a “whatever it takes” programme for the two-thirds of the world’s population being left behind\u003C/a\u003E. March 30, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors:\u0026nbsp;IWANAGA Masa (JIRCAS President),\u0026nbsp;IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office) \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was confirmed in December 2019, is now\u0026nbsp;sweeping\u0026nbsp;the whole world. As of April 1, 2020, more than 845,000 people have been infected in more than 190 countries worldwide (Financial Times HP). The epicenter of the outbreak has shifted from China to Europe and the United States. In Japan, the number of people infected in Tokyo and other large cities has continued to increase for several days in a row and the situation remains unpredictable. While attention is currently focused on when the spread in Europe and the United States will be contained, there is a growing concern\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;that it will expand to low-income countries including Sub-Saharan Africa in the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of COVID-19 can affect vulnerable societies, especially in developing regions. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reported that the pandemic will cause food security crisis to 820 million people in the world already suffering from hunger. In particular, it is predicted that the situation will be exacerbated in 53 countries with more than 100 million people under emergency situations and in food importing countries including the East African region that has been suffering from the outbreak of desert locusts. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) urgently issued a report (The Covid-19 Shock to Developing Countries) on March 30, 2020, and warned that developing economies, especially those that rely on exports of primary commodities, are likely to be hit more than during the 2008 global financial crisis, due to the global economic downturn associated with the COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the Sub-Sahara African region has been experiencing rapid urbanization in recent years, both rural areas and slums in urban areas have too poor infrastructure to respond to the rapid spread of infectious diseases\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;insufficient water supply and sewerage, weak medical systems. At the same time, many poor countries are still unable to achieve food security, with one in four still suffering from malnutrition. During the Ebola crisis, hunger and nutritional status deteriorated due to social turmoil associated with quarantine and movement restrictions. Furthermore, since last year, food shortages have already been predicted by 2020 in areas where agricultural production has been devastatingly affected by climate change, droughts and the damage caused by desert locusts. When nutritional status deteriorates due to food shortage, immunity and resistance also decrease, making more prone to infections. Sub-Saharan Africa already has many refugee camps, but it is expected that refugees will increase due to the food crisis. Considering these backgrounds, there is concern about the deterioration of food and nutrition security crisis of sub-Saharan African countries that depend on food imports while relying on mineral resources and commodity crop exports, in addition to direct social and humanitarian crises due to the COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs of the end of March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that the spread of infections in Sub-Saharan Africa was slower than in Asia and Europe, but recently, the situation is turning around rapidly. According to Reuters, there were approximately 2,850 infected people and more than 73 dead in more than 40 countries as of March 26. In Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a need to contain the spread of the outbreak in the early stages (Reuters News). South Africa has introduced a curfew for three weeks from March 26, and Kenya has issued a night curfew in the region, and Nigeria, which has the largest population in the region, has declared a lockdown on March 30.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the night of March 26, 2020, the leaders of 20 countries and regions (G20), including Japan, USA, EU, and emerging countries, held the G20 Summit Video Teleconference Meeting, the first in history of the summit, to respond to the new coronavirus and to deal with the economic impact of the pandemic. It has issued a statement on a strong commitment to presenting a united front against this common threat. In particular, the G20 leaders expressed serious concerns about the crisis facing the developing and least developed countries especially in Africa and small island states, where health systems and economies are vulnerable, and a commitment to use all available policy tools in order to minimize the economic and social damage from the pandemic, restore global growth, maintain market stability, and strengthen resilience.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn behalf of Japan, JIRCAS participates in international conferences and platforms in the field of international agriculture, forestry and fisheries research. In particular, the President of JIRCAS has participated in the G20 Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists (G20-MACS) as part of the Japanese delegation, and also currently serves as a member of the FAO Secretary-General\u0027s advisory group along with top agricultural researchers. At JIRCAS, we are discussing priorities for agricultural research related to the stable food supply in the world and exchanging information on strengthening cooperation among countries. In addition, we are conducting research on food production stabilization in Sub-Saharan Africa from a long-term perspective, and strategically responding to this crisis from the perspective of research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u0022\u003EQ\u0026amp;A: COVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFinancial Times HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ft.com/coronavirus-latest\u0022\u003ECoronavirus tracked: the latest figures as the pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;accessed on April 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Japan HP. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/index.html\u0022\u003EG20 Summit Video Teleconference Meeting\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/reports/2019/r20190426\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Participation in the 8th G20 Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists (G20 MACS\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/release/2019/press201910\u0022\u003E国際農研岩永理事長がFAO顧問団メンバーに就任\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日経産業新聞「直談　国際農林水産業研究センター理事長　岩永勝氏　気候変動、品種改良で挑む」2020.4.1.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters News. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://jp.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-africa-idJPKBN21D34S\u0022\u003EＷＨＯ、アフリカの新型コロナ拡大に懸念　「阻止の可能性縮小\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;2020.3.27.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/gds_tdr2019_covid2_en.pdf\u0022\u003EThe Covid-19 Shock to Developing Countries: Towards a “whatever it takes” programme for the two-thirds of the world’s population being left behind\u003C/a\u003E. March 30, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors:\u0026nbsp;IWANAGA Masa (JIRCAS President),\u0026nbsp;IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office) \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200401#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "8. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　世界食料危機への国際社会による対応", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "8. New Coronavirus Pandemic – Response of the International Community to the Global Food Crisis", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2019年12月に発生が確認された新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) の影響は、今や世界中に及んでいます。今後、サブサハラ・アフリカ地域を含む医療体制の脆弱な低所得国への拡大により、社会・人道的危機に加え、世界食料・栄養安全保障危機の悪化が懸念されています。2020年3月26日夜、日米欧や新興国を含む20カ国・地域（G20）の首脳が史上初のテレビ会議を開き、パンデミックの経済的な打撃に対処するとの声明を発表しました。グローバル社会の強靭性を強化する上で、保健制度及び経済が脆弱な開発途上地域、特にアフリカおよび小島嶼国が直面する危機を深刻に懸念し、コミュニティに対する能力及び技術支援を強化するために資金を動員することを約束しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was confirmed in December 2019, is now sweeping the whole world. The expansion in low-income countries with vulnerable heath care systems including the Sub-Saharan Africa may further worsen the global food and nutrition security crisis in addition to the social and humanitarian crisis in the future. On the night of March 26, 2020, the leaders of 20 countries and regions (G20), including Japan, USA, EU, and emerging countries, held the G20 Summit Video Teleconference Meeting, the first in history of the summit, to respond to the new coronavirus and to deal with the economic impact of the pandemic. In particular, the G20 leaders expressed serious concerns about the crisis facing the developing with vulnerable health systems and economies especially in Africa and the small island states, and a commitment to use all available policy tools in order to minimize the economic and social damage from the pandemic.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2019年12月に発生が確認された新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) の影響は、今や世界中に及んでいます。2020年4月1日現在において、世界190か国以上で84.5万人以上の感染者が報告されています(Financial Times HP)。感染拡大の「震源地epicentre」は、中国から欧州・アメリカ合衆国へと移行し、日本でも東京をはじめとした大都市において数日間連続で感染者数が拡大傾向にあり、予断を許さない状況が続いています。現在、欧米での拡大がいつ収束していくのかに関心が集まる一方、今後、サブサハラ・アフリカ地域を含む低所得国への拡大が懸念されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eコロナウイルスによるインパクトは、とりわけ開発途上地域における脆弱な社会層に影響を及ぼしかねません。国連食糧農業機関(FAO)は、今回のパンデミックによる食料安全保障の危機が、世界で約8億2000万人とされる慢性的飢餓人口の中でも、とりわけ緊急事態に置かれた1.1億人が属する53か国や、サバクトビバッタの被害を被った東アフリカ地域を含む食糧輸入国で深刻化することを予測しています。国連貿易開発会議（UNCTAD）は、2020年3月30日付で緊急に報告書(The Covid-19 Shock to Developing Countries)を発表し、新型コロナウイルスに伴う世界的な経済低迷によって、とりわけ一次産品輸出に依存する途上国経済は2008年の世界金融危機を上回る打撃を受けることが予想されると警告しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサブサハラ・アフリカ地域では近年急激な都市化が進んでいますが、農村・都市部スラムとも、上下水道が十分整備されず、医療体制が脆弱で、感染症の急激な拡大に対応できるインフラが整っていません。同時に、食料安全保障の達成にもままならない貧困諸国も多く、未だに4人に1人が栄養失調問題を抱えています。エボラ危機の際にも検疫や移動制限に伴う社会的な混乱で飢餓や栄養状態が悪化しました。さらに昨年来、気候変動による干ばつや、サバクトビバッタによる被害で農業生産が壊滅的な影響を受けている地域では、既に2020年内に食料不足が予測されています。食料不足により栄養状態が悪化すると、免疫・抵抗力も低下し、感染症が重症化しやすくなります。サブサハラ・アフリカ地域は難民キャンプを既に多く抱えていますが、食料危機で難民が増加することも想定されます。これら背景を考慮すると、とりわけ鉱物資源や商品作物輸出に依存しつつ、食料輸入に頼るサブサハラ・アフリカ諸国では、新型コロナウイルス感染症による直接の社会・人道的危機に加え、食料・栄養安全保障危機の悪化が懸念されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年3月末時点において、世界保健機関（ＷＨＯ）はサブサハラ・アフリカ地域での感染拡大はアジアや欧州に比べこれまでは緩やかでしたが、最近では「事態はかなり劇的に進んでいる」と警鐘を鳴らしています。ロイター通信社によると、3月26日時点で感染者は40カ国以上で約2850人、死者は73人に上っています。サブサハラ・アフリカ地域では、初期段階の内に感染拡大の封じ込めに取り組む必要があります(Reuters News)。域内では南アフリカが3月26日から３週間の外出禁止策を導入したほか、ケニアは夜間外出禁止令を発令しており、地域で最大の人口を抱えるナイジェリアでも3月30日に都市封鎖(lockdown)を宣言しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年3月26日夜、日米欧や新興国を含む20カ国・地域（G20）の首脳が、新型コロナウイルスへの対応を巡り、史上初のテレビ会議を開き、パンデミックの経済的な打撃に対処するために「共通の脅威に団結し立ち向かう」との声明を発表しました。とりわけ、グローバル社会の強靭性を強化する上で、保健制度及び経済が脆弱な開発途上地域、特にアフリカおよび小島嶼国が直面する危機を深刻に懸念し、コミュニティに対する能力及び技術支援を強化するために資金を動員することを約束しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、国際農林水産業研究分野において、日本を代表して国際会議やプラットフォームに参加しています。その一環として、国際農研理事長が、G20首席農業研究者会議(G20MACS)に政府代表団団長として参加、また、FAO事務局長顧問団メンバーを務めるなど、世界トップクラスの農業研究者らとともに、世界の食料の安定供給に係る農業研究の優先事項を協議し、各国等の連携強化について情報交換を行っています。また、より長期的な視点から、サブサハラ・アフリカ地域における食料生産安定化の研究を行っており、今回の危機への対策についても、研究の視点から戦略的対応を行っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. Q\u0026amp;A: COVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFinancial Times HP. Coronavirus tracked: the latest figures as the pandemic \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ft.com/coronavirus-latest\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ft.com/coronavirus-latest\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; accessed April 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E外務省HP. \u0026nbsp;G20首脳テレビ会議\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/ecm/ec/page6_000383.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/ecm/ec/page6_000383.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. G20首席農業研究者会議（G20 Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists, G20 MACS）への参加 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20190426\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20190426\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. 国際農研岩永理事長がFAO顧問団メンバーに就任 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/release/2019/press201910\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/release/2019/press201910\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日経産業新聞　『直談　国際農林水産業研究センター理事長　岩永勝氏　気候変動、品種改良で挑む』2020.4.1.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters News. ＷＨＯ、アフリカの新型コロナ拡大に懸念　「阻止の可能性縮小」　2020.3.27. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://jp.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-africa-idJPKBN21D34S\u0022\u003Ehttps://jp.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-africa-idJPKBN21D34S\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD. \u0026nbsp;The Covid-19 Shock to Developing Countries: Towards a “whatever it takes” programme for the two-thirds of the world’s population being left behind. March 30, 2020.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/gds_tdr2019_covid2_en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/gds_tdr2019_covid2_en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：理事長　岩永勝　・研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was confirmed in December 2019, is now\u0026nbsp;sweeping\u0026nbsp;the whole world. As of April 1, 2020, more than 845,000 people have been infected in more than 190 countries worldwide (Financial Times HP). The epicenter of the outbreak has shifted from China to Europe and the United States. In Japan, the number of people infected in Tokyo and other large cities has continued to increase for several days in a row and the situation remains unpredictable. While attention is currently focused on when the spread in Europe and the United States will be contained, there is a growing concern\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;that it will expand to low-income countries including Sub-Saharan Africa in the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of COVID-19 can affect vulnerable societies, especially in developing regions. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reported that the pandemic will cause food security crisis to 820 million people in the world already suffering from hunger. In particular, it is predicted that the situation will be exacerbated in 53 countries with more than 100 million people under emergency situations and in food importing countries including the East African region that has been suffering from the outbreak of desert locusts. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) urgently issued a report (The Covid-19 Shock to Developing Countries) on March 30, 2020, and warned that developing economies, especially those that rely on exports of primary commodities, are likely to be hit more than during the 2008 global financial crisis, due to the global economic downturn associated with the COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the Sub-Sahara African region has been experiencing rapid urbanization in recent years, both rural areas and slums in urban areas have too poor infrastructure to respond to the rapid spread of infectious diseases\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;insufficient water supply and sewerage, weak medical systems. At the same time, many poor countries are still unable to achieve food security, with one in four still suffering from malnutrition. During the Ebola crisis, hunger and nutritional status deteriorated due to social turmoil associated with quarantine and movement restrictions. Furthermore, since last year, food shortages have already been predicted by 2020 in areas where agricultural production has been devastatingly affected by climate change, droughts and the damage caused by desert locusts. When nutritional status deteriorates due to food shortage, immunity and resistance also decrease, making more prone to infections. Sub-Saharan Africa already has many refugee camps, but it is expected that refugees will increase due to the food crisis. Considering these backgrounds, there is concern about the deterioration of food and nutrition security crisis of sub-Saharan African countries that depend on food imports while relying on mineral resources and commodity crop exports, in addition to direct social and humanitarian crises due to the COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs of the end of March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that the spread of infections in Sub-Saharan Africa was slower than in Asia and Europe, but recently, the situation is turning around rapidly. According to Reuters, there were approximately 2,850 infected people and more than 73 dead in more than 40 countries as of March 26. In Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a need to contain the spread of the outbreak in the early stages (Reuters News). South Africa has introduced a curfew for three weeks from March 26, and Kenya has issued a night curfew in the region, and Nigeria, which has the largest population in the region, has declared a lockdown on March 30.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the night of March 26, 2020, the leaders of 20 countries and regions (G20), including Japan, USA, EU, and emerging countries, held the G20 Summit Video Teleconference Meeting, the first in history of the summit, to respond to the new coronavirus and to deal with the economic impact of the pandemic. It has issued a statement on a strong commitment to presenting a united front against this common threat. In particular, the G20 leaders expressed serious concerns about the crisis facing the developing and least developed countries especially in Africa and small island states, where health systems and economies are vulnerable, and a commitment to use all available policy tools in order to minimize the economic and social damage from the pandemic, restore global growth, maintain market stability, and strengthen resilience.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn behalf of Japan, JIRCAS participates in international conferences and platforms in the field of international agriculture, forestry and fisheries research. In particular, the President of JIRCAS has participated in the G20 Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists (G20-MACS) as part of the Japanese delegation, and also currently serves as a member of the FAO Secretary-General\u0027s advisory group along with top agricultural researchers. At JIRCAS, we are discussing priorities for agricultural research related to the stable food supply in the world and exchanging information on strengthening cooperation among countries. In addition, we are conducting research on food production stabilization in Sub-Saharan Africa from a long-term perspective, and strategically responding to this crisis from the perspective of research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u0022\u003EQ\u0026amp;A: COVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFinancial Times HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ft.com/coronavirus-latest\u0022\u003ECoronavirus tracked: the latest figures as the pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;accessed on April 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Japan HP. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/index.html\u0022\u003EG20 Summit Video Teleconference Meeting\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/reports/2019/r20190426\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Participation in the 8th G20 Meeting of Agricultural Chief Scientists (G20 MACS\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/release/2019/press201910\u0022\u003E国際農研岩永理事長がFAO顧問団メンバーに就任\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日経産業新聞「直談　国際農林水産業研究センター理事長　岩永勝氏　気候変動、品種改良で挑む」2020.4.1.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters News. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://jp.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-africa-idJPKBN21D34S\u0022\u003EＷＨＯ、アフリカの新型コロナ拡大に懸念　「阻止の可能性縮小\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;2020.3.27.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/gds_tdr2019_covid2_en.pdf\u0022\u003EThe Covid-19 Shock to Developing Countries: Towards a “whatever it takes” programme for the two-thirds of the world’s population being left behind\u003C/a\u003E. March 30, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors:\u0026nbsp;IWANAGA Masa (JIRCAS President),\u0026nbsp;IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office) \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200514#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "9. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "9. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads, panic buying and stockpiling of food in response to lockdowns and restrictions on movement have been reported in many countries around the world. As of April 2020, it is said that there is a sufficient stockpile of major cereals globally, but if the nationalism of food security rises in the future and the malfunction of the global food supply system occurs, there is concern that a food price crisis would occur at the same time as the return of the Lehman shock. The Sub-Saharan African countries and net food importers such as Japan are most likely to be affected by the chain of export restrictions by food exporters and food price spikes. A joint statement of the Director-Generals of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO), and World Trade Organization (WTO) Secretary-General emphasized that, as people around the world today rely on international trade for food security and livelihoods, the international community must cooperate in avoiding export restrictions.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads, panic buying and stockpiling of food in response to lockdowns and restrictions on movement have been reported in many countries around the world. As of April 2020, it is said that there is a sufficient stockpile of major cereals globally, but if the nationalism of food security rises in the future and the malfunction of the global food supply system occurs, there is concern that a food price crisis would occur at the same time as the return of the Lehman shock. The Sub-Saharan African countries and net food importers such as Japan are most likely to be affected by the chain of export restrictions by food exporters and food price spikes. A joint statement of the Director-Generals of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO), and World Trade Organization (WTO) Secretary-General emphasized that, as people around the world today rely on international trade for food security and livelihoods, the international community must cooperate in avoiding export restrictions.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of April 1, 2020, the effects of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) are worldwide. Lockdowns have also been implemented in Europe, America and Africa, and the media reports daily that the economic impact of a pandemic (economic epidemic) is comparable to or even greater than the Lehman\u0027s collapse or the Great Recession.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe “Lehman’s collapse” refers to a series of international financial crises triggered by the bankruptcy of an American investment bank in September 2008, starting from the subprime mortgage crisis that emerged in 2007, and eventually resulted in Great Recession. At the same time, while not many people may not remember as vividly as Great Recession, the global food crisis prompted by spikes in prices of agricultural commodities led to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;political and economic instability and insecurity in the developing world. Between June 2006 and June 2008, the food price rose 2.3 times nominally and doubled in real terms (FAO World Food Situation), as a result of multitudes of combined factors. They included; drought in grain-producing countries, escalation of the biofuel boom due to rising crude oil prices, global speculative money flowing into the grain market due to a reduction in interest rates, and in addition to these factors, structural changes in food demand in Asia. It is also said that the long-term factors such as the reduction of the agricultural research budget and the stagnation of the improvement in yields led to the dramatic rise in the global food price. In April 2008, then the Secretary-General of the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) said that the world faced a “silent tsunami” , causing starvation of over 100 million people who had not been in a crisis six months before (Global Research 2008).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the first half of 2008, rising global food prices spurred hoarding and political unrest in developing regions that depended on grain imports. It has been pointed out that not only the above factors but also the response of major exporters in the world trade and the timing of policy implementation contributed to the sharp increase in food prices in these countries (Headey 2011). For example, in the case of rice, which experienced a sharp price surge during this period, Vietnam and the Indian government announced export restriction as they faced tight domestic demand for rice in response to the rise in the world wheat prices. As a result, several countries followed, and it is said that many rice importing countries, such as the Philippines and Nigeria, started to hoard / store up. By May 2008, the prospects of an ample global supply against inflated prices and Japan\u0027s announcement of an export of its stock, which had not been realized, eventually ended the speculation (Headey 2011).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEven in the current COVID-19 Pandemic, the media is reporting of consumers buying up and hoarding foodstuffs as movement restrictions announced. It is not only ordinary consumers who hoard. At the time of this pandemic, some governments have already started to secure food for their national supply (Bloomberg). For example, Kazakhstan, one of the world\u0027s largest wheat exporters, has banned the export of wheat flour, which is a raw material for bread, in addition to carrots, sugar, and potatoes. Vietnam, the world\u0027s third largest rice exporter, has suspended new export contracts (mostly to the Philippines). Russia takes a wait-and-see attitude while Serbia stops trading sunflower oil. China, which is the world\u0027s largest rice producing and consuming country, already has had sufficient stock for just over a year, and still\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;promises farmers to purchase more than usual year before harvest.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough future trends are uncertain, there is a possibility that food prices will rise due to trade restrictions, distribution, and stockpiling being carried out under a lockdown to contain the pandemic. Historically, rising food prices have caused political unrest. Even if there is sufficient food stock at the global level, if food security nationalism emerges and hampers the functioning of the global food supply chain, there is concern that the food crisis can return. Governments must work together to maintain the global food security.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn April 1, 2020, the Secretary-General of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO) and World Trade Organization (WTO) said in a joint statement that people all over the world today are committed to food security and livelihoods. Relying on international trade, countries must cooperate to avoid export restrictions so that actions by countries to contain the COVID-19 pandemic do not have an unintended effect on world trade and food security(FAO HP). FAO shows that facing the pandemic this time around, there has been ample food supply globally, especially stable food\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;prices with a prospect of good harvest in 2020, so emphasizes that the international community does not have to panic.\u0026nbsp;At the same time, border blockades and quarantine can disrupt markets and supply chains, suggesting that the resilience of global food supply systems will be tested in the coming weeks and months. Logistics restrictions have already hindered the distribution of fruits and vegetables in some regions, and in April-May, a shortage of workers in the agricultural and food processing industries became apparent due to movement restrictions, and a shortage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides may also affect agricultural production. FAO aims to mitigate food and nutrition security risks from the pandemic and recommended (1) meeting the urgent food needs of the most vulnerable societies, (2) strengthening social protection programs, and (3) improving distribution and trade efficiencies, and emphasized the importance of international cooperation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs FAO emphasizes, there is a sufficient stockpile of maize, wheat, soybeans and rice globally as of April 2020. On the other hand, these crops are traded in US dollars on the international market, and food importing developing countries experiencing depreciation of their currencies against the dollar are undoubtedly subject to the greatest shocks (Bloomberg). Although economies of many Sub-Saharan African countries heavily depend on agriculture, they have become net food importers as the growth in agricultural productivity and food supply cannot keep up with the growth in food demand accompanying the doubling of the population over the past few decades. Even if the shock of rising food prices has a short-term impact, it can cause social and political unrest. Stabilizing food production in the medium to long term is one of the greatest challenges for the global food security, with further doubling of the population expected by 2050. The global food security from a short-, medium-, and long-term perspective is also a critical concern to Japan, which is dependent on imports for its 63% calorie-based food supply.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to maintain food and nutrition security for the international community facing the global crisis while the interdependence of each country is increasing due to globalization, it is necessary to identify and provide accurate and systematic information on food supply and demand. International cooperation is essential in order to achieve uninterrupted production, distribution and trade in the system. JIRCAS has one of its missions to systematically collect and strategically provide information related to the international agriculture, forestry and fisheries related to global food security. For more details, please visit the website of the \u003Ca href=\u0022http://ttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d\u0022\u003EResearch Program on Information Analysis\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-24/countries-are-starting-to-hoard-food-threatening-global-trade\u0022\u003ECountries Starting to Hoard Food, Threatening Global Trade\u003C/a\u003E. March 25, 2020.\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 2, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. Q\u0026amp;A: \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/foodpricesindex/en/\u0022\u003EWorld Food Situation. FAO Food Price Index\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/ca8388en\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 and the risk to food supply chains: How to respond?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1268719/icode/\u0022\u003EMitigating impacts of COVID-19 on food trade and markets\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Research. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.globalresearch.ca/financial-speculators-reap-profits-from-global-hunger/8794\u0022\u003EFinancial speculators reap profits from global hunger\u003C/a\u003E. By Stefan Steinber April 24, 2008, wsws.org 24 April 2008\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHeadey D. (2011) Rethinking the global food crisis: The role of trade shocks. Food Policy. Volume 36, Issue 2, Pages 136-146. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Research Program on Information Analysis\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Guardian. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/mar/26/coronavirus-measures-could-cause-global-food-shortage-un-warns\u0022\u003ECoronavirus measures could cause global food shortage, UN warns\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 2, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of April 1, 2020, the effects of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) are worldwide. Lockdowns have also been implemented in Europe, America and Africa, and the media reports daily that the economic impact of a pandemic (economic epidemic) is comparable to or even greater than the Lehman\u0027s collapse or the Great Recession.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe “Lehman’s collapse” refers to a series of international financial crises triggered by the bankruptcy of an American investment bank in September 2008, starting from the subprime mortgage crisis that emerged in 2007, and eventually resulted in Great Recession. At the same time, while not many people may not remember as vividly as Great Recession, the global food crisis prompted by spikes in prices of agricultural commodities led to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;political and economic instability and insecurity in the developing world. Between June 2006 and June 2008, the food price rose 2.3 times nominally and doubled in real terms (FAO World Food Situation), as a result of multitudes of combined factors. They included; drought in grain-producing countries, escalation of the biofuel boom due to rising crude oil prices, global speculative money flowing into the grain market due to a reduction in interest rates, and in addition to these factors, structural changes in food demand in Asia. It is also said that the long-term factors such as the reduction of the agricultural research budget and the stagnation of the improvement in yields led to the dramatic rise in the global food price. In April 2008, then the Secretary-General of the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) said that the world faced a “silent tsunami” , causing starvation of over 100 million people who had not been in a crisis six months before (Global Research 2008).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the first half of 2008, rising global food prices spurred hoarding and political unrest in developing regions that depended on grain imports. It has been pointed out that not only the above factors but also the response of major exporters in the world trade and the timing of policy implementation contributed to the sharp increase in food prices in these countries (Headey 2011). For example, in the case of rice, which experienced a sharp price surge during this period, Vietnam and the Indian government announced export restriction as they faced tight domestic demand for rice in response to the rise in the world wheat prices. As a result, several countries followed, and it is said that many rice importing countries, such as the Philippines and Nigeria, started to hoard / store up. By May 2008, the prospects of an ample global supply against inflated prices and Japan\u0027s announcement of an export of its stock, which had not been realized, eventually ended the speculation (Headey 2011).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEven in the current COVID-19 Pandemic, the media is reporting of consumers buying up and hoarding foodstuffs as movement restrictions announced. It is not only ordinary consumers who hoard. At the time of this pandemic, some governments have already started to secure food for their national supply (Bloomberg). For example, Kazakhstan, one of the world\u0027s largest wheat exporters, has banned the export of wheat flour, which is a raw material for bread, in addition to carrots, sugar, and potatoes. Vietnam, the world\u0027s third largest rice exporter, has suspended new export contracts (mostly to the Philippines). Russia takes a wait-and-see attitude while Serbia stops trading sunflower oil. China, which is the world\u0027s largest rice producing and consuming country, already has had sufficient stock for just over a year, and still\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;promises farmers to purchase more than usual year before harvest.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough future trends are uncertain, there is a possibility that food prices will rise due to trade restrictions, distribution, and stockpiling being carried out under a lockdown to contain the pandemic. Historically, rising food prices have caused political unrest. Even if there is sufficient food stock at the global level, if food security nationalism emerges and hampers the functioning of the global food supply chain, there is concern that the food crisis can return. Governments must work together to maintain the global food security.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn April 1, 2020, the Secretary-General of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO) and World Trade Organization (WTO) said in a joint statement that people all over the world today are committed to food security and livelihoods. Relying on international trade, countries must cooperate to avoid export restrictions so that actions by countries to contain the COVID-19 pandemic do not have an unintended effect on world trade and food security(FAO HP). FAO shows that facing the pandemic this time around, there has been ample food supply globally, especially stable food\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;prices with a prospect of good harvest in 2020, so emphasizes that the international community does not have to panic.\u0026nbsp;At the same time, border blockades and quarantine can disrupt markets and supply chains, suggesting that the resilience of global food supply systems will be tested in the coming weeks and months. Logistics restrictions have already hindered the distribution of fruits and vegetables in some regions, and in April-May, a shortage of workers in the agricultural and food processing industries became apparent due to movement restrictions, and a shortage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides may also affect agricultural production. FAO aims to mitigate food and nutrition security risks from the pandemic and recommended (1) meeting the urgent food needs of the most vulnerable societies, (2) strengthening social protection programs, and (3) improving distribution and trade efficiencies, and emphasized the importance of international cooperation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs FAO emphasizes, there is a sufficient stockpile of maize, wheat, soybeans and rice globally as of April 2020. On the other hand, these crops are traded in US dollars on the international market, and food importing developing countries experiencing depreciation of their currencies against the dollar are undoubtedly subject to the greatest shocks (Bloomberg). Although economies of many Sub-Saharan African countries heavily depend on agriculture, they have become net food importers as the growth in agricultural productivity and food supply cannot keep up with the growth in food demand accompanying the doubling of the population over the past few decades. Even if the shock of rising food prices has a short-term impact, it can cause social and political unrest. Stabilizing food production in the medium to long term is one of the greatest challenges for the global food security, with further doubling of the population expected by 2050. The global food security from a short-, medium-, and long-term perspective is also a critical concern to Japan, which is dependent on imports for its 63% calorie-based food supply.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to maintain food and nutrition security for the international community facing the global crisis while the interdependence of each country is increasing due to globalization, it is necessary to identify and provide accurate and systematic information on food supply and demand. International cooperation is essential in order to achieve uninterrupted production, distribution and trade in the system. JIRCAS has one of its missions to systematically collect and strategically provide information related to the international agriculture, forestry and fisheries related to global food security. For more details, please visit the website of the \u003Ca href=\u0022http://ttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d\u0022\u003EResearch Program on Information Analysis\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-24/countries-are-starting-to-hoard-food-threatening-global-trade\u0022\u003ECountries Starting to Hoard Food, Threatening Global Trade\u003C/a\u003E. March 25, 2020.\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 2, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. Q\u0026amp;A: \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/foodpricesindex/en/\u0022\u003EWorld Food Situation. FAO Food Price Index\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/ca8388en\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 and the risk to food supply chains: How to respond?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1268719/icode/\u0022\u003EMitigating impacts of COVID-19 on food trade and markets\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Research. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.globalresearch.ca/financial-speculators-reap-profits-from-global-hunger/8794\u0022\u003EFinancial speculators reap profits from global hunger\u003C/a\u003E. By Stefan Steinber April 24, 2008, wsws.org 24 April 2008\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHeadey D. (2011) Rethinking the global food crisis: The role of trade shocks. Food Policy. Volume 36, Issue 2, Pages 136-146. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Research Program on Information Analysis\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Guardian. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/mar/26/coronavirus-measures-could-cause-global-food-shortage-un-warns\u0022\u003ECoronavirus measures could cause global food shortage, UN warns\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 2, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200402#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "9. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 輸出規制・保護主義回避の必要性：2008年世界食料危機からの教訓", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "9. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "COVID-19パンデミックにより、世界各国で外出自粛や移動制限の実施への対応として、食料品の買い占め・買い溜めに走る消費者の姿がニュースとなり、食料確保のために備蓄・輸出禁止に乗り出した国も報告されています。2020年4月現在、世界的には主要穀物に関して十分な備蓄があるとされていますが、今後食料安全保障のナショナリズムが台頭し、グローバル・フード・サプライシステムの機能不全をもたらせば、2008年リーマン・ショック時と同時期に発生した食料価格危機の再来も懸念されます。食料輸出国による輸出規制の連鎖と食料価格急騰により最も影響を受ける可能性があるのが、サブ・サハラアフリカ諸国、そして日本のような食料純輸入国です。国連の食糧農業機関(FAO)・世界保健機関(WHO)・世界貿易機関(WTO)事務局長は、共同声明において、世界中の人々が食料安全保障と生活のために国際貿易に依存している今日、国際社会は輸出制限の回避に協調しなければならないとしました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads, panic buying and stockpiling of food in response to lockdowns and restrictions on movement have been reported in many countries around the world. As of April 2020, it is said that there is a sufficient stockpile of major cereals globally, but if the nationalism of food security rises in the future and the malfunction of the global food supply system occurs, there is concern that a food price crisis would occur at the same time as the return of the Lehman shock. The Sub-Saharan African countries and net food importers such as Japan are most likely to be affected by the chain of export restrictions by food exporters and food price spikes. A joint statement of the Director-Generals of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO), and World Trade Organization (WTO) Secretary-General emphasized that, as people around the world today rely on international trade for food security and livelihoods, the international community must cooperate in avoiding export restrictions.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月1日現在、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) の影響は世界中に及んでいます。欧米・アフリカでもロックダウン(都市封鎖)が実施され、メディアでは連日、パンデミック(世界的流行)の経済的影響は「リーマン・ショック」に匹敵、あるいはそれ以上、との報道が行われています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「リーマン・ショック」は、2007年に顕在化したサブプライム住宅ローン危機を発端とし、2008年9月にアメリカの投資銀行の経営破綻を契機とした一連の国際的な金融危機を指します。一方、ちょうど同時期に、世界的な食料価格高騰による国際的な食料危機が発生し、とりわけ開発途上国において政情・経済不安と治安悪化をもたらした出来事について鮮明に覚えている人々はそう多くないかもしれません。2006年6月から2008年6月の間、穀物価格が名目で2.3倍、実質でも2倍(FAO World Food Situation)に達した価格急騰ですが、様々な要因が複雑に絡まった結果であるといわれています。まず穀物生産国における旱魃、原油価格の上昇を受けたバイオ燃料ブームの過熱、政策金利引き下げによる世界の投機マネーが穀物市場に流入、これら要因に加え、アジアにおける食料需要変化(とくに肉需要の増加) 、農業研究予算の削減と収量改善の停滞、など長期的な要因も相まって、劇的な世界的食料価格の高騰に繋がったとされています。2008年4月、国連・世界食糧計画 (WFP)事務局長(当時)が、「6か月前には危機的状況にはなかった1億人以上の人々が飢餓に陥りかねない “silent tsunami” に直面している」と発言しました(Global Research 2008) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界的な穀物価格の上昇を受け、2008年前半には、穀物輸入に依存する開発途上地域において買い占めや買い溜め騒動が起こり、政情不安が悪化しました。これら諸国での食料価格急騰には、上述の要因のみならず、世界貿易における主要輸出国の対応や政策発動のタイミングも寄与したと指摘されています (Headey 2011) 。例えば、この期間、とりわけ価格急騰が著しかったコメに関しては、小麦世界価格の上昇を受け、国内でのコメ需要逼迫に直面したベトナムとインド政府が2007年10月に輸出制限を行ったことを発端として数か国が追随し、フィリピンやナイジェリアを皮切りに多くのコメ輸入国で買い占め・買い溜めが起こったとされています。2008年5月までに、価格の高騰に対し、世界的な安定供給の見通しがたったこと、また実現しなかったものの日本が備蓄米輸出を宣言したことなどが重なり、最終的には投機が収まっていったそうです(Headey 2011)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現在のCOVID-19パンデミックにおいても、世界各国で外出自粛や移動制限の実施前に食料品の買い占め・買い溜めに走る消費者の姿がニュースとなっています。食料の買い占め・買い溜めに走るのは、一般の購買者だけではありません。今回のパンデミックに際して、既に国レベルでの食料供給確保・備蓄に乗り出した政府も出てきています (Bloomberg)。例えば、世界最大の小麦輸出国の一つであるカザフスタンは、ニンジン・砂糖・じゃがいもに加え、パン原料となる小麦粉の輸出を禁止しました。世界三位のコメ輸出国であるベトナムは、輸出新規契約（多くがフィリピン向け）を一時停止しました。セルビアはヒマワリ油の取引を止める中、ロシアは様子見の姿勢をとっています。世界最大のコメ生産・消費国である中国は、既にゆうに1年はもつ備蓄を抱えていますが、収穫前から農家に例年以上の買取を約束しているとのことです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今後の動向は不透明ですが、パンデミックを封じ込めるためのロックダウン下で、価格規制や配給・備蓄などが実施され、食料価格の上昇を伴う可能性も否定できません。歴史的に、食料価格の上昇は政情不安をもたらしてきました。世界レベルで仮に食料が十分あっても、食料安全保障のナショナリズムが台頭し、グローバル・フード・サプライシステムの機能不全をもたらせば、2008年食料危機の再来も懸念されます。世界の食料安全保障の維持のために、各国政府は協調しなければなりません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月1日、国連の食糧農業機関(FAO)・世界保健機関(WHO)・世界貿易機関(WTO)事務局長は、共同声明において、世界中の人々が今日食料安全保障と生活のために国際貿易に依存していることに言及し、COVID-19パンデミックを封じ込めるための各国の行動が、世界貿易と食料安全保障に意図せざる影響をもたらさないよう、輸出制限の回避に各国が協調しなければならないとしました(FAO HP)。FAOは、今回のパンデミックに直面し、現時点では世界的に十分な食料備蓄があること、特に穀物価格は安定し、2020年の収穫も期待できることを示し、国際社会がパニックを起こす必要のないことを強調しています。同時に、国境封鎖や検疫により、市場やサプライチェーンが分断されることで、今後数週間・数か月は、グローバル・フード・サプライシステムの強靭性が試される時期だとしています。地域によっては、現段階で既にロジスティクスの制約で青果物流通に支障が生じていること、4～5月には移動制限による農業・食料加工業の労働者不足や化学肥料・家畜医薬品不足が顕在化することで農業生産が影響を受ける可能性もあること、に言及しています。FAOは、パンデミックによる食料・栄養安全保障へのリスクを緩和するために、1: 最も脆弱な社会層の緊急食料ニーズの充足、2: 社会的保護プログラムの充実、3: 流通・貿易にかかわる効率性の改善とコストの削減 、を提言し、国際協調の重要性を訴えました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAOが強調するように、2020年4月現在、世界的には、メイズ、小麦、大豆、コメとも十分な備蓄があるといいます。他方、こうした作物は国際市場でドル建てで取引されており、対ドル通貨価値の低い食料輸入開発途上国は、輸出国による制限で最も大きな影響を被ることは疑いありません (Bloomberg)。サブサハラ・アフリカ諸国の多くは、農業国でありながら、過去数十年間の人口倍増に伴う食料需要の伸びに農業生産性の改善・食料供給の伸びが追い付かず、食料純輸入国となっており、食料価格上昇のショックは短期的な影響であっても、社会・政治不安をもたらしかねません。2050年までにさらなる人口倍増が予測される中、中～長期的に食料生産を安定化させることが、世界食料安全保障にとっての最大の課題の一つです。短～中～長期的な視点からの世界食料安全保障は、カロリーベースで63％の食料供給を海外に依存している日本にとっても、他人事ではありません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eグローバル化により各国の相互依存が高まる中、世界的危機に直面した国際社会が食料・栄養安全保障を維持するには、食料供給・需要に関する正確で体系的な情報の把握・提供に基づき、フードシステムにおいて滞りない生産・流通・貿易を達成するために国際的に協調していくことが重要です。国際農研は、世界食料安全保障にかかわる国際農林水産業関連の情報を体系的に収集し、戦略的に提供することをミッションの一つとしています。より詳しくは、情報収集分析研究プログラムのサイトをご覧ください（\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d\u003C/a\u003E）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg. Countries Starting to Hoard Food, Threatening Global Trade. March 25, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-24/countries-are-starting-to-hoard-food-threatening-global-trade\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-24/countries-are-starting-to-hoard-food-threatening-global-trade\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 2, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. Q\u0026amp;A: COVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. World Food Situation. FAO Food Price Index. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/foodpricesindex/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/foodpricesindex/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. COVID-19 and the risk to food supply chains: How to respond? \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/ca8388en\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/ca8388en\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. Mitigating impacts of COVID-19 on food trade and markets \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1268719/icode/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1268719/icode/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Research. Financial speculators reap profits from global hunger. By Stefan Steinber April 24, 2008, wsws.org 24 April 2008\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.globalresearch.ca/financial-speculators-reap-profits-from-global-hunger/8794\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.globalresearch.ca/financial-speculators-reap-profits-from-global-hunger/8794\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHeadey D. (2011) Rethinking the global food crisis: The role of trade shocks. Food Policy. Volume 36, Issue 2, Pages 136-146. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E情報収集分析　研究プログラム　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Guardian. Coronavirus measures could cause global food shortage, UN warns\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/mar/26/coronavirus-measures-could-cause-global-food-shortage-un-warns\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/mar/26/coronavirus-measures-could-cause-global-food-shortage-un-warns\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 2, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農林水産省　食料自給率目標と食料自給力指標について\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of April 1, 2020, the effects of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) are worldwide. Lockdowns have also been implemented in Europe, America and Africa, and the media reports daily that the economic impact of a pandemic (economic epidemic) is comparable to or even greater than the Lehman\u0027s collapse or the Great Recession.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe “Lehman’s collapse” refers to a series of international financial crises triggered by the bankruptcy of an American investment bank in September 2008, starting from the subprime mortgage crisis that emerged in 2007, and eventually resulted in Great Recession. At the same time, while not many people may not remember as vividly as Great Recession, the global food crisis prompted by spikes in prices of agricultural commodities led to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;political and economic instability and insecurity in the developing world. Between June 2006 and June 2008, the food price rose 2.3 times nominally and doubled in real terms (FAO World Food Situation), as a result of multitudes of combined factors. They included; drought in grain-producing countries, escalation of the biofuel boom due to rising crude oil prices, global speculative money flowing into the grain market due to a reduction in interest rates, and in addition to these factors, structural changes in food demand in Asia. It is also said that the long-term factors such as the reduction of the agricultural research budget and the stagnation of the improvement in yields led to the dramatic rise in the global food price. In April 2008, then the Secretary-General of the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) said that the world faced a “silent tsunami” , causing starvation of over 100 million people who had not been in a crisis six months before (Global Research 2008).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the first half of 2008, rising global food prices spurred hoarding and political unrest in developing regions that depended on grain imports. It has been pointed out that not only the above factors but also the response of major exporters in the world trade and the timing of policy implementation contributed to the sharp increase in food prices in these countries (Headey 2011). For example, in the case of rice, which experienced a sharp price surge during this period, Vietnam and the Indian government announced export restriction as they faced tight domestic demand for rice in response to the rise in the world wheat prices. As a result, several countries followed, and it is said that many rice importing countries, such as the Philippines and Nigeria, started to hoard / store up. By May 2008, the prospects of an ample global supply against inflated prices and Japan\u0027s announcement of an export of its stock, which had not been realized, eventually ended the speculation (Headey 2011).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEven in the current COVID-19 Pandemic, the media is reporting of consumers buying up and hoarding foodstuffs as movement restrictions announced. It is not only ordinary consumers who hoard. At the time of this pandemic, some governments have already started to secure food for their national supply (Bloomberg). For example, Kazakhstan, one of the world\u0027s largest wheat exporters, has banned the export of wheat flour, which is a raw material for bread, in addition to carrots, sugar, and potatoes. Vietnam, the world\u0027s third largest rice exporter, has suspended new export contracts (mostly to the Philippines). Russia takes a wait-and-see attitude while Serbia stops trading sunflower oil. China, which is the world\u0027s largest rice producing and consuming country, already has had sufficient stock for just over a year, and still\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;promises farmers to purchase more than usual year before harvest.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough future trends are uncertain, there is a possibility that food prices will rise due to trade restrictions, distribution, and stockpiling being carried out under a lockdown to contain the pandemic. Historically, rising food prices have caused political unrest. Even if there is sufficient food stock at the global level, if food security nationalism emerges and hampers the functioning of the global food supply chain, there is concern that the food crisis can return. Governments must work together to maintain the global food security.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn April 1, 2020, the Secretary-General of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO) and World Trade Organization (WTO) said in a joint statement that people all over the world today are committed to food security and livelihoods. Relying on international trade, countries must cooperate to avoid export restrictions so that actions by countries to contain the COVID-19 pandemic do not have an unintended effect on world trade and food security(FAO HP). FAO shows that facing the pandemic this time around, there has been ample food supply globally, especially stable food\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;prices with a prospect of good harvest in 2020, so emphasizes that the international community does not have to panic.\u0026nbsp;At the same time, border blockades and quarantine can disrupt markets and supply chains, suggesting that the resilience of global food supply systems will be tested in the coming weeks and months. Logistics restrictions have already hindered the distribution of fruits and vegetables in some regions, and in April-May, a shortage of workers in the agricultural and food processing industries became apparent due to movement restrictions, and a shortage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides may also affect agricultural production. FAO aims to mitigate food and nutrition security risks from the pandemic and recommended (1) meeting the urgent food needs of the most vulnerable societies, (2) strengthening social protection programs, and (3) improving distribution and trade efficiencies, and emphasized the importance of international cooperation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs FAO emphasizes, there is a sufficient stockpile of maize, wheat, soybeans and rice globally as of April 2020. On the other hand, these crops are traded in US dollars on the international market, and food importing developing countries experiencing depreciation of their currencies against the dollar are undoubtedly subject to the greatest shocks (Bloomberg). Although economies of many Sub-Saharan African countries heavily depend on agriculture, they have become net food importers as the growth in agricultural productivity and food supply cannot keep up with the growth in food demand accompanying the doubling of the population over the past few decades. Even if the shock of rising food prices has a short-term impact, it can cause social and political unrest. Stabilizing food production in the medium to long term is one of the greatest challenges for the global food security, with further doubling of the population expected by 2050. The global food security from a short-, medium-, and long-term perspective is also a critical concern to Japan, which is dependent on imports for its 63% calorie-based food supply.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to maintain food and nutrition security for the international community facing the global crisis while the interdependence of each country is increasing due to globalization, it is necessary to identify and provide accurate and systematic information on food supply and demand. International cooperation is essential in order to achieve uninterrupted production, distribution and trade in the system. JIRCAS has one of its missions to systematically collect and strategically provide information related to the international agriculture, forestry and fisheries related to global food security. For more details, please visit the website of the \u003Ca href=\u0022http://ttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d\u0022\u003EResearch Program on Information Analysis\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-24/countries-are-starting-to-hoard-food-threatening-global-trade\u0022\u003ECountries Starting to Hoard Food, Threatening Global Trade\u003C/a\u003E. March 25, 2020.\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 2, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. Q\u0026amp;A: \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/en/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 pandemic – impact on food and agriculture\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/worldfoodsituation/foodpricesindex/en/\u0022\u003EWorld Food Situation. FAO Food Price Index\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/ca8388en\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 and the risk to food supply chains: How to respond?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1268719/icode/\u0022\u003EMitigating impacts of COVID-19 on food trade and markets\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Research. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.globalresearch.ca/financial-speculators-reap-profits-from-global-hunger/8794\u0022\u003EFinancial speculators reap profits from global hunger\u003C/a\u003E. By Stefan Steinber April 24, 2008, wsws.org 24 April 2008\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHeadey D. (2011) Rethinking the global food crisis: The role of trade shocks. Food Policy. Volume 36, Issue 2, Pages 136-146. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.003\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Research Program on Information Analysis\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Guardian. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/mar/26/coronavirus-measures-could-cause-global-food-shortage-un-warns\u0022\u003ECoronavirus measures could cause global food shortage, UN warns\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 2, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_0.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200514_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "10. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Humanitarian and Food Crisis in the Central Sahel: The Case of Burkina Faso", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "10. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Humanitarian and Food Crisis in the Central Sahel: The Case of Burkina Faso", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/burkina_faso#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Burkina_Faso", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ブルキナファソ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Burkina Faso", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On April 2, 2020, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) expressed strong concern that food insecurity levels in the central Sahel region, encompassing Burkina Faso, Mari and Niger, are “spiralling out of control”. Burkina Faso is one of the poorest countries, the 182nd out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index, but due to recent droughts and militant activities, the number of internally displaced persons has increased sharply, health centers nationwide have been closed, and the medical system is weakening. As for food-related issues, there is concern that school closure due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) will affect children whose only source of nutrition is the school lunch, and movement restrictions would disrupt logistics and prevent external assistance. WFP predicted that by June this year, the number of people facing food security crises could triple, compared to the same period last year, and called on the international community for help.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On April 2, 2020, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) expressed strong concern that food insecurity levels in the central Sahel region, encompassing Burkina Faso, Mari and Niger, are “spiralling out of control”. Burkina Faso is one of the poorest countries, the 182nd out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index, but due to recent droughts and militant activities, the number of internally displaced persons has increased sharply, health centers nationwide have been closed, and the medical system is weakening. As for food-related issues, there is concern that school closure due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) will affect children whose only source of nutrition is the school lunch, and movement restrictions would disrupt logistics and prevent external assistance. WFP predicted that by June this year, the number of people facing food security crises could triple, compared to the same period last year, and called on the international community for help.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 2, 2020, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) expressed strong concern that food insecurity levels in the central Sahel region, encompassing Burkina Faso, Mari and Niger, are “spiralling out of control”. Limitations in response to the novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) affect the humanitarian supply chain, with more than 5 million people facing a severe food shortage ahead of the June-September lean season.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBurkina Faso is a landlocked country located in west Africa with a population of about 19 million, agriculture accounting for the majority of the working population and 35% of GDP (Ministry of Foreign Affairs). It is considered a low-income country according to the World Bank classification, with 44% of the population living below $1.9 a day (2014, WDI), and the 182nd out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index (2018, HDR). Security has rapidly deteriorated in recent years due to repeated droughts and militant activities, and it is estimated that there are now more than 800,000 internally displaced populations (IDPs), which were almost nonexistent a year and a half ago (WFP).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Burkina Faso, the first case was confirmed on March 10th this year. After that, the number of infected people increased rapidly, the first death was confirmed on March 18, the ministers were also infected one after another, more than 100 infected people on the 23rd, and 12 dead on the 30th, becoming sub-Saharan. It has become the country in Africa with the highest number of deaths. As of April 5, the number of infected people is 302, and the number of deaths is 15, the second highest in Sub-Saharan Africa and next to the Democratic Republic of Congo with 16 deaths.) (WHO).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough measures have been taken to prevent going out at night, closing schools, stopping international flights, etc., the spread of infection does not stop. In Burkina Faso, the health system has been weakened due to the closure of 135 health centers nationwide in the last 12 months due to the deterioration of security (The New Humanitarian). As for food-related issues, there is concern that school closure will affect children whose only source of nutrition is the school lunch (Kyodo News). Furthermore, due to movement restrictions and the inability to receive external assistance, WFP has predicted that the number of people in Burkina Faso facing a food security crisis by June this year will reach 2.1 million, compared with 680,000 in the same period last year and requested emergency assistance from the international community.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS conducts bi-monthly household surveys on farmers in rural areas of Burkina Faso, and is conducting analysis on diet and nutrition. Burkina Faso has many kinds of staple foods such as sorghum, millet, maize, beans, potatoes, rice and baguette. Although there are differences depending on the region, harvesting of cowpeas (a type of beans) etc. generally starts around September, and other major grains are harvested from around October to November. Food and nutrition security has seasonality, and the peak of hunger is in August, and it is becoming clear as a result of the preliminary stage that the supply of nutrients is actually low.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is currently conducting three projects in Burkina Faso, namely, development of domestic fertilizer, development of soil conservation type agricultural technology, and utilization of cowpea which is a local crop. We have built relationships of trust with our counterparts over the years, and we have been working together as much as we can to cope with the recent deterioration of public security. We will continue to cooperate in agriculture and capacity development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/04/1060942\u0022\u003EBurkina Faso crisis and COVID-19 concerns highlight pressure on Sahel food security\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on April 6, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMinistry of Foreign Affairs, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/burkina/data.html\u0022\u003EBurkina Faso Data\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese)\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators\u0022\u003EWDI (World Development Indicator)\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNDP, \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdr.undp.org/en/2019-report\u0022\u003EHDR (Human Development Reports)\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Aaccessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO,\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports\u0022\u003ECoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Humanitarian \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/2020/03/30/burkina-faso-coronavirus-crisis\u0022\u003E“Coronavirus in crisis-hit Burkina Faso: Healthcare centres close as cases rise”\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E共同通信社「550万人に食料危機拡大の恐れ 西アフリカ、感染拡大で拍車 」2020/4/4. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://this.kiji.is/619072108733973601\u0022\u003Ehttps://this.kiji.is/619072108733973601\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;accessed on April 4, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office), NAGUMO Fujio (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 2, 2020, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) expressed strong concern that food insecurity levels in the central Sahel region, encompassing Burkina Faso, Mari and Niger, are “spiralling out of control”. Limitations in response to the novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) affect the humanitarian supply chain, with more than 5 million people facing a severe food shortage ahead of the June-September lean season.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBurkina Faso is a landlocked country located in west Africa with a population of about 19 million, agriculture accounting for the majority of the working population and 35% of GDP (Ministry of Foreign Affairs). It is considered a low-income country according to the World Bank classification, with 44% of the population living below $1.9 a day (2014, WDI), and the 182nd out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index (2018, HDR). Security has rapidly deteriorated in recent years due to repeated droughts and militant activities, and it is estimated that there are now more than 800,000 internally displaced populations (IDPs), which were almost nonexistent a year and a half ago (WFP).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Burkina Faso, the first case was confirmed on March 10th this year. After that, the number of infected people increased rapidly, the first death was confirmed on March 18, the ministers were also infected one after another, more than 100 infected people on the 23rd, and 12 dead on the 30th, becoming sub-Saharan. It has become the country in Africa with the highest number of deaths. As of April 5, the number of infected people is 302, and the number of deaths is 15, the second highest in Sub-Saharan Africa and next to the Democratic Republic of Congo with 16 deaths.) (WHO).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough measures have been taken to prevent going out at night, closing schools, stopping international flights, etc., the spread of infection does not stop. In Burkina Faso, the health system has been weakened due to the closure of 135 health centers nationwide in the last 12 months due to the deterioration of security (The New Humanitarian). As for food-related issues, there is concern that school closure will affect children whose only source of nutrition is the school lunch (Kyodo News). Furthermore, due to movement restrictions and the inability to receive external assistance, WFP has predicted that the number of people in Burkina Faso facing a food security crisis by June this year will reach 2.1 million, compared with 680,000 in the same period last year and requested emergency assistance from the international community.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS conducts bi-monthly household surveys on farmers in rural areas of Burkina Faso, and is conducting analysis on diet and nutrition. Burkina Faso has many kinds of staple foods such as sorghum, millet, maize, beans, potatoes, rice and baguette. Although there are differences depending on the region, harvesting of cowpeas (a type of beans) etc. generally starts around September, and other major grains are harvested from around October to November. Food and nutrition security has seasonality, and the peak of hunger is in August, and it is becoming clear as a result of the preliminary stage that the supply of nutrients is actually low.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is currently conducting three projects in Burkina Faso, namely, development of domestic fertilizer, development of soil conservation type agricultural technology, and utilization of cowpea which is a local crop. We have built relationships of trust with our counterparts over the years, and we have been working together as much as we can to cope with the recent deterioration of public security. We will continue to cooperate in agriculture and capacity development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/04/1060942\u0022\u003EBurkina Faso crisis and COVID-19 concerns highlight pressure on Sahel food security\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on April 6, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMinistry of Foreign Affairs, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/burkina/data.html\u0022\u003EBurkina Faso Data\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese)\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators\u0022\u003EWDI (World Development Indicator)\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNDP, \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdr.undp.org/en/2019-report\u0022\u003EHDR (Human Development Reports)\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Aaccessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO,\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports\u0022\u003ECoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Humanitarian \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/2020/03/30/burkina-faso-coronavirus-crisis\u0022\u003E“Coronavirus in crisis-hit Burkina Faso: Healthcare centres close as cases rise”\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E共同通信社「550万人に食料危機拡大の恐れ 西アフリカ、感染拡大で拍車 」2020/4/4. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://this.kiji.is/619072108733973601\u0022\u003Ehttps://this.kiji.is/619072108733973601\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;accessed on April 4, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office), NAGUMO Fujio (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200406_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "10. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 中央サヘル地域における人道・食料危機：ブルキナファソのケース", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "10. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Humanitarian and Food Crisis in the Central Sahel: The Case of Burkina Faso", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/burkina_faso#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Burkina_Faso", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ブルキナファソ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Burkina Faso", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年4月2日、国連世界食糧計画(WFP)は、アフリカのブルキナファソ・マリ・ニジェールを中心とする中央サヘル地域の食料不安が「制御不能になりつつある」と強い懸念を表明しました。中でもブルキナファソは、人間開発指数で189か国中182番目にランクする最貧国ですが、近年度重なる干ばつと過激派の活動により、国内避難民が急激に増加する一方、全国のヘルスセンターが閉鎖され、医療制度が弱体化しています。この度の新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19) 対応により、学校閉鎖によって給食が唯一の栄養源だった児童への影響が懸念され、さらに移動制限によって物流が滞り外部からの援助も受けられなくなる可能性があります。WFPは、今年6月までに食料安全保障の危機に直面する人口が、昨年同時期の3倍に達しうると予測し、国際社会に支援の必要性を訴えました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On April 2, 2020, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) expressed strong concern that food insecurity levels in the central Sahel region, encompassing Burkina Faso, Mari and Niger, are “spiralling out of control”. Burkina Faso is one of the poorest countries, the 182nd out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index, but due to recent droughts and militant activities, the number of internally displaced persons has increased sharply, health centers nationwide have been closed, and the medical system is weakening. As for food-related issues, there is concern that school closure due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) will affect children whose only source of nutrition is the school lunch, and movement restrictions would disrupt logistics and prevent external assistance. WFP predicted that by June this year, the number of people facing food security crises could triple, compared to the same period last year, and called on the international community for help.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月2日、国連世界食糧計画(WFP)は、ブルキナファソ・マリ・ニジェールを中心とする中央サヘル地域の食料不安が「制御不能になりつつある」と強い懸念を表明しました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19) 対応による制限は人道的援助のサプライチェーンに影響を及ぼし、6－9月の収穫前季節(lean season)を前に、500万人以上の人々が深刻な食料不足に直面するとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eブルキナファソは西アフリカに位置する内陸国で、人口約1900万人、農業が労働人口の多数やGDPの35％を占めます（外務省）。世界銀行の分類で低所得国とされ、1日1.9ドル以下で暮らす人口は44％（2014年、WDI）、人間開発指数では189か国中182番目（2018、HDR）です。度重なる干ばつと過激派の活動により、治安が近年急速に悪化しており、1年半前には殆ど存在しなかった国内避難民 (internally displaced populations: IDPs)が現在80万人以上と推定されています（WFP）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eブルキナファソでは、今年3月10日に最初の感染者が確認されました。その後感染者は急速に増加し、3月18日には最初の死者が確認され、閣僚も次々と感染、同23日には感染者100名を超え、同30日には死者12名となりサブサハラアフリカ最も死亡者数の多い国となりました。4月5日現在で感染者数302名、死者15名（サブサハラアフリカではコンゴ民主共和国の16名に次いで死亡者数2位）となっています(WHO)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E夜間外出禁止や学校の閉鎖、国際便の停止等の対策が行われてはいますが、感染の拡大は止まりません。ブルキナファソでは治安悪化により過去12か月間に全国135のヘルスセンターが閉鎖され、医療制度が弱体化しています（The New Humanitarian）。食料関連では、学校閉鎖によって給食が唯一の栄養源だった児童への影響が懸念されます（共同通信社）。さらに移動制限によって物流が滞り外部からの援助も受けられなくなることで、WFPは、ブルキナファソでは今年6月までに食料安全保障の危機に直面する人口が、昨年同時期の68万人から210万人以上と3倍に達するというのではと予測、国際社会による緊急支援を要請しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研はブルキナファソの農村で隔月の農家調査を行っており、食事や栄養についての分析を進めています。ブルキナファソでは、ソルガムやミレットなどの雑穀、トウモロコシ、豆類、イモ類、コメ、バゲット等多くの種類の主食が存在します。地域によって差はありますが、一般的に9月ごろからササゲ（豆の種類の１つ）などの収穫が始まり、10-11月頃から他の主要穀物の収穫が行われます。食料・栄養安全保障には季節性があり、空腹を感じる時期のピークは8月で、実際に栄養素の供給量が少ないことが予備段階の結果として明らかになってきています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研では現在、ブルキナファソにおいて３つのプロジェクト（国産肥料開発、土壌保全型農業技術開発、地域作物であるササゲの活用）を行っています。カウンターパートとは長年の信頼関係を築いており、昨今の治安悪化のなかでも、できる限りのことを協力しつつ進めてきました。今後も農業や能力開発など、さらなる協力を行っていく所存です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP HP. Burkina Faso crisis and COVID-19 concerns highlight pressure on Sahel food security \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/04/1060942\u0022\u003Ehttps://news.un.org/en/story/2020/04/1060942\u003C/a\u003E　Accessed on April 6, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E外務省, ブルキナファソ基礎データ\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/burkina/index.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/burkina/index.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\naccessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, WDI (World Development Indicator)\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators\u0022\u003Ehttps://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\naccessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNDP, HDR (Human Development Reports)\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdr.undp.org/en/2019-report\u0022\u003Ehttp://hdr.undp.org/en/2019-report\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\naccessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO　Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\naccessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Humanitarian “Coronavirus in crisis-hit Burkina Faso: Healthcare centres close as cases rise”\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/2020/03/30/burkina-faso-coronavirus-crisis\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/2020/03/30/burkina-faso-coronavirus-crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nAccessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E共同通信社「550万人に食料危機拡大の恐れ 西アフリカ、感染拡大で拍車 」2020/4/4. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://this.kiji.is/619072108733973601\u0022\u003Ehttps://this.kiji.is/619072108733973601\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;accessed on April 4, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子、生産環境・畜産領域　南雲不二男）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 2, 2020, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) expressed strong concern that food insecurity levels in the central Sahel region, encompassing Burkina Faso, Mari and Niger, are “spiralling out of control”. Limitations in response to the novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) affect the humanitarian supply chain, with more than 5 million people facing a severe food shortage ahead of the June-September lean season.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBurkina Faso is a landlocked country located in west Africa with a population of about 19 million, agriculture accounting for the majority of the working population and 35% of GDP (Ministry of Foreign Affairs). It is considered a low-income country according to the World Bank classification, with 44% of the population living below $1.9 a day (2014, WDI), and the 182nd out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index (2018, HDR). Security has rapidly deteriorated in recent years due to repeated droughts and militant activities, and it is estimated that there are now more than 800,000 internally displaced populations (IDPs), which were almost nonexistent a year and a half ago (WFP).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Burkina Faso, the first case was confirmed on March 10th this year. After that, the number of infected people increased rapidly, the first death was confirmed on March 18, the ministers were also infected one after another, more than 100 infected people on the 23rd, and 12 dead on the 30th, becoming sub-Saharan. It has become the country in Africa with the highest number of deaths. As of April 5, the number of infected people is 302, and the number of deaths is 15, the second highest in Sub-Saharan Africa and next to the Democratic Republic of Congo with 16 deaths.) (WHO).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough measures have been taken to prevent going out at night, closing schools, stopping international flights, etc., the spread of infection does not stop. In Burkina Faso, the health system has been weakened due to the closure of 135 health centers nationwide in the last 12 months due to the deterioration of security (The New Humanitarian). As for food-related issues, there is concern that school closure will affect children whose only source of nutrition is the school lunch (Kyodo News). Furthermore, due to movement restrictions and the inability to receive external assistance, WFP has predicted that the number of people in Burkina Faso facing a food security crisis by June this year will reach 2.1 million, compared with 680,000 in the same period last year and requested emergency assistance from the international community.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS conducts bi-monthly household surveys on farmers in rural areas of Burkina Faso, and is conducting analysis on diet and nutrition. Burkina Faso has many kinds of staple foods such as sorghum, millet, maize, beans, potatoes, rice and baguette. Although there are differences depending on the region, harvesting of cowpeas (a type of beans) etc. generally starts around September, and other major grains are harvested from around October to November. Food and nutrition security has seasonality, and the peak of hunger is in August, and it is becoming clear as a result of the preliminary stage that the supply of nutrients is actually low.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is currently conducting three projects in Burkina Faso, namely, development of domestic fertilizer, development of soil conservation type agricultural technology, and utilization of cowpea which is a local crop. We have built relationships of trust with our counterparts over the years, and we have been working together as much as we can to cope with the recent deterioration of public security. We will continue to cooperate in agriculture and capacity development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/04/1060942\u0022\u003EBurkina Faso crisis and COVID-19 concerns highlight pressure on Sahel food security\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on April 6, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMinistry of Foreign Affairs, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/burkina/data.html\u0022\u003EBurkina Faso Data\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese)\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators\u0022\u003EWDI (World Development Indicator)\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNDP, \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdr.undp.org/en/2019-report\u0022\u003EHDR (Human Development Reports)\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Aaccessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO,\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports\u0022\u003ECoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Humanitarian \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/2020/03/30/burkina-faso-coronavirus-crisis\u0022\u003E“Coronavirus in crisis-hit Burkina Faso: Healthcare centres close as cases rise”\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 6, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E共同通信社「550万人に食料危機拡大の恐れ 西アフリカ、感染拡大で拍車 」2020/4/4. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://this.kiji.is/619072108733973601\u0022\u003Ehttps://this.kiji.is/619072108733973601\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;accessed on April 4, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office), NAGUMO Fujio (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200514_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "11. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "11. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/japan#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Japan", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "日本", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Japan", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The global food chain is being tested for its robustness and resilience when it comes to movement restrictions and urban blockades (lockdowns) due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). In order for the international community to overcome the global food crisis, it is necessary to closely monitor the trends in international trade. The trade value of all agricultural products has tripled in face value from 2000 to 2018, and has almost doubled on a weight basis over the same period. Japan is the world’s third-largest cereal importer, and one of the reasons for a calorie-based food self-sufficiency rate of 37% is the heavy reliance on imported maize for livestock feed. The international rice trade from Asia to the Middle East and Africa is surprisingly large and the net per capita rice consumption of importing countries is even higher than Japan. In recent years, rice consumption in Africa has been increasing year by year due to urbanization and population growth, and agricultural technologies that contribute to continuous increase in yield and planted areas are the key to improving the self-sufficiency rate.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The global food chain is being tested for its robustness and resilience when it comes to movement restrictions and urban blockades (lockdowns) due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). In order for the international community to overcome the global food crisis, it is necessary to closely monitor the trends in international trade. The trade value of all agricultural products has tripled in face value from 2000 to 2018, and has almost doubled on a weight basis over the same period. Japan is the world’s third-largest cereal importer, and one of the reasons for a calorie-based food self-sufficiency rate of 37% is the heavy reliance on imported maize for livestock feed. The international rice trade from Asia to the Middle East and Africa is surprisingly large and the net per capita rice consumption of importing countries is even higher than Japan. In recent years, rice consumption in Africa has been increasing year by year due to urbanization and population growth, and agricultural technologies that contribute to continuous increase in yield and planted areas are the key to improving the self-sufficiency rate.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global food chain is being tested for its robustness and resilience when it comes to movement restrictions and lockdowns due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) (BBC World Service; Pick Up 8/9). The new “The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas”, which was just approved by the Cabinet on March 31, 2020, refers to possibilities of export restrictions by food producing countries\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;due to the coronavirus as one of the risk factors affecting the stable food supply in Japan. In order for the international community to overcome the global food crisis and maintain food security, it is necessary to monitor the trends of international trade (IFPRI). The Basic Law also describes the need to closely truck the global status and trends as preparing for potential shocks, especially cases where changes in demand and production of food are observed, and countries/regions where the climate change has started impacting on food production . It is also important to study and analyze the factors that drive the global food supply and demand in the short-medium-long term to identify and guide policies and research\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;in view of achieving food security in Japan and the world.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Chatham House\u0027s dashboard on the global trade data (resourcetrade.earth), trade in agricultural products has tripled in face value from $40 billion in 2000 to $1.2 trillion in 2018, and doubled from 800 million tons to 1.7 billion tons on a weight basis over the same period. The top five categories in share of global agricultural products trade in 2018 are horticulture (fruits, vegetables, nuts, flowers etc.), oilseeds (soybeans, palm oil etc.), cereals (wheat, maize, rice etc.), meat (beef, pork, chicken etc.) and fish/aquatic resources (seafood, frozen fish etc.) (Fig. 1). Cereals traded at $13.9 billion, accounting for 11% of the total agricultural trade (30% of the top share by weight). Wheat has the largest share of global cereal trade ($56.3 billion, 41%), followed by maize ($39 billion, 28%) and rice ($25.8 billion, 19%) (Fig. 2). The world\u0027s top five cereal exporters are the United States, Russia, France, Canada, and Ukraine, while Japan is the third largest importer after Egypt and China ($5.8 billion including maize $3 billion, wheat $1.6 billion) (Fig. 3). It must be noted that Japan\u0027s self-sufficiency rate is 66% based on the newly defined production value in the \u0022basic plan\u0022 mentioned above. However, the self-sufficiency rate on calorie basis is 37% reflecting Japan’s heavy reliance on imported maize for livestock feed whose self-sufficiency rate stands at 25% (MAFF).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe top rice exporters are India, Thailand, Vietnam and Pakistan, whereas the top importers are China, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Indonesia (the United States is the fifth largest exporter and importer). The international rice trade today however is not limited to Asia, and the flow from Asia to the Middle East and Africa is surprisingly large, and Africa has become a major rice importer (Fig. 4). This may seem surprising, but there are countries in Africa where per capita consumption of rice is even higher than Japan, and consumption is increasing year after year due to urbanization and high population growth. Rice production in Africa cannot catch up with demand and has to rely on import for about 40% of rice consumption. During the 2007-2008 food crisis, many African countries were strongly affected by rice shortages and rising prices. This prompted the governments of each country to put forth measures to increase rice production and increase the self-sufficiency rate. In May 2008, JICA announced the Coalition for African Rice Development (CARD), a consultative group of development partners and international institutions engaged in rice sector development from 23 target countries and 11 international organizations including JIRCAS, with the goal of doubling rice production in Sub-Saharan Africa from 14 million tons to 28 million tons until 2018. Although rice consumption increased significantly during the last 10 years, and the increase in production did not lead to an improvement in the self-sufficiency rate. The reason for the low production is still low paddy yield and limited acreage, and the sustainable increase in both aspects des will be the key to future improvements in self-sufficiency.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has been a member of the Steering Committee since the first phase of CARD, aiming to contribute to the increase of rice production in Africa from a scientific standpoint. We have conducted research to develop and disseminate breeding materials that are adapted to the region and with improved yield, sustainable low-input cultivation technology, and is continuing to a second phase from 2019. Currently, we are pursuing the improvement of rice productivity in Madagascar by developing cultivation techniques and selecting breeding materials that can efficiently use phosphate fertilizers. In Tanzania, we are developing irrigation facilities and water use technologies that contribute to stable rice production. We also participate in the CGIAR Research Program on Rice Agri-food Systems (RICE-CRP) with other CGIAR centers such as the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), African Rice Center (AfricaRice), and International Tropical Agriculture Center (CIAT), and conducting joint research on rice cultivation technology, strengthening rice production systems, and development of breeding materials. In addition, as bilateral research cooperation with African countries, we are also advancing efforts to evaluate breeding materials with improved nitrogen utilization efficiency. JIRCAS will continue to make efforts so that the developed technology and breeding materials can be used locally in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszcmn\u0022\u003EThe Real Story. Coronavirus: How robust is our food chain?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 4, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EChatham House (2018), \u003Ca href=\u0022http://resourcetrade.earth/\u0022\u003EResourcetrade.earth\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 5, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI Blog:\u0026nbsp;Issue Post \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/blog/covid-19-trade-restrictions-are-worst-possible-response-safeguard-food-security\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Trade restrictions are worst possible response to safeguard food security\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 2, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMAFF\u0026nbsp;“The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas” (in Japanese) March 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/satreps\u0022\u003EFy Vary Project\u003C/a\u003E 　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: YANAGIHARA\u0026nbsp;Seiji (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division),\u0026nbsp;SAITO Kazuki (Social Sciences Division), IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global food chain is being tested for its robustness and resilience when it comes to movement restrictions and lockdowns due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) (BBC World Service; Pick Up 8/9). The new “The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas”, which was just approved by the Cabinet on March 31, 2020, refers to possibilities of export restrictions by food producing countries\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;due to the coronavirus as one of the risk factors affecting the stable food supply in Japan. In order for the international community to overcome the global food crisis and maintain food security, it is necessary to monitor the trends of international trade (IFPRI). The Basic Law also describes the need to closely truck the global status and trends as preparing for potential shocks, especially cases where changes in demand and production of food are observed, and countries/regions where the climate change has started impacting on food production . It is also important to study and analyze the factors that drive the global food supply and demand in the short-medium-long term to identify and guide policies and research\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;in view of achieving food security in Japan and the world.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Chatham House\u0027s dashboard on the global trade data (resourcetrade.earth), trade in agricultural products has tripled in face value from $40 billion in 2000 to $1.2 trillion in 2018, and doubled from 800 million tons to 1.7 billion tons on a weight basis over the same period. The top five categories in share of global agricultural products trade in 2018 are horticulture (fruits, vegetables, nuts, flowers etc.), oilseeds (soybeans, palm oil etc.), cereals (wheat, maize, rice etc.), meat (beef, pork, chicken etc.) and fish/aquatic resources (seafood, frozen fish etc.) (Fig. 1). Cereals traded at $13.9 billion, accounting for 11% of the total agricultural trade (30% of the top share by weight). Wheat has the largest share of global cereal trade ($56.3 billion, 41%), followed by maize ($39 billion, 28%) and rice ($25.8 billion, 19%) (Fig. 2). The world\u0027s top five cereal exporters are the United States, Russia, France, Canada, and Ukraine, while Japan is the third largest importer after Egypt and China ($5.8 billion including maize $3 billion, wheat $1.6 billion) (Fig. 3). It must be noted that Japan\u0027s self-sufficiency rate is 66% based on the newly defined production value in the \u0022basic plan\u0022 mentioned above. However, the self-sufficiency rate on calorie basis is 37% reflecting Japan’s heavy reliance on imported maize for livestock feed whose self-sufficiency rate stands at 25% (MAFF).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe top rice exporters are India, Thailand, Vietnam and Pakistan, whereas the top importers are China, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Indonesia (the United States is the fifth largest exporter and importer). The international rice trade today however is not limited to Asia, and the flow from Asia to the Middle East and Africa is surprisingly large, and Africa has become a major rice importer (Fig. 4). This may seem surprising, but there are countries in Africa where per capita consumption of rice is even higher than Japan, and consumption is increasing year after year due to urbanization and high population growth. Rice production in Africa cannot catch up with demand and has to rely on import for about 40% of rice consumption. During the 2007-2008 food crisis, many African countries were strongly affected by rice shortages and rising prices. This prompted the governments of each country to put forth measures to increase rice production and increase the self-sufficiency rate. In May 2008, JICA announced the Coalition for African Rice Development (CARD), a consultative group of development partners and international institutions engaged in rice sector development from 23 target countries and 11 international organizations including JIRCAS, with the goal of doubling rice production in Sub-Saharan Africa from 14 million tons to 28 million tons until 2018. Although rice consumption increased significantly during the last 10 years, and the increase in production did not lead to an improvement in the self-sufficiency rate. The reason for the low production is still low paddy yield and limited acreage, and the sustainable increase in both aspects des will be the key to future improvements in self-sufficiency.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has been a member of the Steering Committee since the first phase of CARD, aiming to contribute to the increase of rice production in Africa from a scientific standpoint. We have conducted research to develop and disseminate breeding materials that are adapted to the region and with improved yield, sustainable low-input cultivation technology, and is continuing to a second phase from 2019. Currently, we are pursuing the improvement of rice productivity in Madagascar by developing cultivation techniques and selecting breeding materials that can efficiently use phosphate fertilizers. In Tanzania, we are developing irrigation facilities and water use technologies that contribute to stable rice production. We also participate in the CGIAR Research Program on Rice Agri-food Systems (RICE-CRP) with other CGIAR centers such as the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), African Rice Center (AfricaRice), and International Tropical Agriculture Center (CIAT), and conducting joint research on rice cultivation technology, strengthening rice production systems, and development of breeding materials. In addition, as bilateral research cooperation with African countries, we are also advancing efforts to evaluate breeding materials with improved nitrogen utilization efficiency. JIRCAS will continue to make efforts so that the developed technology and breeding materials can be used locally in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszcmn\u0022\u003EThe Real Story. Coronavirus: How robust is our food chain?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 4, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EChatham House (2018), \u003Ca href=\u0022http://resourcetrade.earth/\u0022\u003EResourcetrade.earth\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 5, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI Blog:\u0026nbsp;Issue Post \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/blog/covid-19-trade-restrictions-are-worst-possible-response-safeguard-food-security\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Trade restrictions are worst possible response to safeguard food security\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 2, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMAFF\u0026nbsp;“The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas” (in Japanese) March 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/satreps\u0022\u003EFy Vary Project\u003C/a\u003E 　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: YANAGIHARA\u0026nbsp;Seiji (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division),\u0026nbsp;SAITO Kazuki (Social Sciences Division), IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_2.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200406#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "11. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 国際貿易と食料安全保障", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "11. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/japan#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Japan", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "日本", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Japan", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による移動規制・都市封鎖 （ロックダウン）に際し、グローバル・フードチェーンはその頑強性(robustness)・強靭性(resilience)が試されています。国際社会が世界的な食料危機を乗り越えるには、国際貿易の動向についての情報もしっかりモニターしていく必要があります。全農産物の貿易額は2000年から2018年に額面で3倍、重量ベースで約2倍に拡大しました。日本は穀物貿易において世界第三位の輸入国であり、カロリーベースの食料自給率が37％である原因の一つが、メイズ（トウモロコシ）を主原料とする畜産飼料の海外依存です。コメの国際貿易においては、意外にもアジアから中東・アフリカへの流れが大きく、一人当たりのコメの消費量が日本よりも多い純輸入国も多くあります。近年、アフリカのコメ消費量は都市化と人口増加で年々増えており、籾収量と作付け面積双方の持続的な増加に貢献する技術が、自給率向上の鍵となります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The global food chain is being tested for its robustness and resilience when it comes to movement restrictions and urban blockades (lockdowns) due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). In order for the international community to overcome the global food crisis, it is necessary to closely monitor the trends in international trade. The trade value of all agricultural products has tripled in face value from 2000 to 2018, and has almost doubled on a weight basis over the same period. Japan is the world’s third-largest cereal importer, and one of the reasons for a calorie-based food self-sufficiency rate of 37% is the heavy reliance on imported maize for livestock feed. The international rice trade from Asia to the Middle East and Africa is surprisingly large and the net per capita rice consumption of importing countries is even higher than Japan. In recent years, rice consumption in Africa has been increasing year by year due to urbanization and population growth, and agricultural technologies that contribute to continuous increase in yield and planted areas are the key to improving the self-sufficiency rate.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による移動規制・都市封鎖 （ロックダウン）に際し、グローバル・フードチェーンはその頑強性(robustness)・強靭性(resilience)が試されています(BBC World Service; Pick Up 8/9)。2020年3月31日に閣議決定されたばかりの新たな「食料・農業・農村基本計画」においても、我が国の食料の安定供給に影響を及ぼすリスク要因の一つとして、新型コロナウイルス感染症の発生による輸入の一時的な停滞に言及しています。国際社会が世界的な食料危機を乗り越え、食料安全保障を維持するためには、国際貿易の動向についての情報もしっかりモニターしていく必要があります (IFPRI)。「食料・農業・農村基本計画」は、不測の事態に備え、平素から、食料の需要や生産に変化がみられる国や、気候変動により食料生産への影響が顕在化している国の状況など、短～中～長期的に世界食料供給に影響を及ぼす要因の調査・分析を行い、日本・世界の食料安全保障の観点から中長期的な課題や取り組むべき方向性を議論すべきとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EChatham House が国際貿易データをまとめたダッシュボード(resourcetrade.earth)によると、農産物の貿易額は2000年の4000億ドルから2018年には1.2兆ドルと額面で3倍、同期間に重量ベースでは8億トンから17億トンと約2倍に拡大しました。2018年の農作物貿易額上位5分類は、上から順に、園芸(果物・野菜・ナッツ・花きなど)、油脂作物(大豆、パーム油など)、穀物(小麦、メイズ[とうもろこし]、コメなど)、肉類(牛肉、豚肉、鶏肉など)、水産養殖物(海産物、冷凍水産加工品など)となっています(図１)。穀物の取引額は1390億ドル、農産物貿易総額の11％(重量ベースではトップシェアの30％)を占めました。穀物の貿易額で最大のシェアを誇るのが小麦で(563億ドル; 41%)、続いてメイズ(390億ドル; 28％)、コメ(258億ドル; 19％)でした（図2）。穀物貿易全体で見ると(図3)、世界トップ5の輸出国はアメリカ・ロシア・フランス・カナダ・ウクライナに対し、輸入国はエジプト・中国に続き日本が世界第三位(58億ドル、うちメイズ30億ドル、小麦16億ドル) となっています。ちなみに、日本の自給率は、先に述べた「基本計画」にて、新たに定義された生産額ベースでは66％ですが、カロリーベースで37％である原因の一つが、メイズを主原料とする畜産飼料の海外依存・低い自給率(25%)です（農林水産省）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eコメについては、インド・タイ・ベトナム・パキスタンが上位輸出国であり、中国・イラン・サウジアラビア・インドネシアが上位輸入国です（アメリカは輸出・輸入とも５位）。他方、コメの国際貿易においては、アジアにとどまらず、アジアから中東・アフリカへの流れが意外にも大きく、アフリカにおいてコメの純輸入国が多いことが伺えます(図4) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E意外と思う人も多いと思いますが、一人当たりのコメの消費量が日本よりも多い国がアフリカには存在し、その消費量は都市化と人口増加で年々増えています。アフリカでのコメ生産では追い付かず、40％程度を輸入に頼っています。2007－2008年の食料危機では、アフリカ各国はコメ不足・価格高昇の影響を強く受けました。その後、その二の舞にならぬように、各国の政府はコメ増産・自給率増加の施策を打ち出しました。2008年5月には、JICAがアフリカにおけるコメ生産拡大に向けた自助努力を支援するためのイニシアティブとして「アフリカ稲作振興のための共同体（CARD）」を発表し、2018年までに、対象国23ヵ国の政府や国際農研を含む11の国際機関と手を組み、コメの生産量を2008年から2018年の10年間で倍増させる目標を達成に導きました。一方で、その10年間でコメ消費も著しく伸び、生産量の増加は自給率の向上には繋がりませんでした。生産量の低い理由は、いまだに低い籾収量と限られた作付け面積となり、双方の持続的な増加が今後の自給率向上の鍵となります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、CARD第一フェーズから理事会のメンバーとなっており、アフリカのコメ増産に科学的な見地からの貢献を目指して、地域に適応し収量性が向上した育種素材の開発や、持続性のある低投入栽培技術の開発、技術移転のための調査・研究を実施してきました。その姿勢は2019年からはじまった第二フェーズの開始後も変わりません。現在、マダガスカルではリン酸肥料を効率良く利用できる栽培技術や育種材料の選抜を通じてコメの生産性向上に取り組んでおり、タンザニアではコメの安定生産に資する水利施設や水利用技術の開発を進めています。また、国際農業研究協議グループ（CGIAR）傘下の研究機関である国際イネ研究所（IRRI）やアフリカ稲センター（AfricaRice）、国際熱帯農業センター（CIAT）と共にイネ研究プログラム（RICE-CRP）に参画し、コメの加工技術、営農強化、品種開発に向けた共同研究を進めています。さらに、アフリカの国々との二国間の研究協力として、窒素利用効率に優れた育種素材の評価実施に向けた取り組みも進めています。開発した技術・育種素材をアフリカの現地で利用してもらえるよう、国際農研は努力を続けます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. The Real Story. Coronavirus: How robust is our food chain? \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszcmn\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszcmn\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; accessed on April 4, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EChatham House (2018), ‘resourcetrade.earth’, \u003Ca href=\u0022http://resourcetrade.earth/\u0022\u003Ehttp://resourcetrade.earth/\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 5, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. Issue Post COVID-19: Trade restrictions are worst possible response to safeguard food security MARCH 27, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/blog/covid-19-trade-restrictions-are-worst-possible-response-safeguard-food-security\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ifpri.org/blog/covid-19-trade-restrictions-are-worst-possible-response-safeguard-food-security\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 2, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農林水産省「食料・農業・農村基本計画」令和2年3月.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 8. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　世界食料危機への国際社会による対応 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200401\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200401\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― \u0026nbsp;輸出規制・保護主義回避の必要性：2008年世界食料危機からの教訓　 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. Fy Vary Project 　https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/satreps\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：生物資源・利用領域　柳原誠司　・　社会科学領域　齋藤和樹　・　研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global food chain is being tested for its robustness and resilience when it comes to movement restrictions and lockdowns due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) (BBC World Service; Pick Up 8/9). The new “The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas”, which was just approved by the Cabinet on March 31, 2020, refers to possibilities of export restrictions by food producing countries\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;due to the coronavirus as one of the risk factors affecting the stable food supply in Japan. In order for the international community to overcome the global food crisis and maintain food security, it is necessary to monitor the trends of international trade (IFPRI). The Basic Law also describes the need to closely truck the global status and trends as preparing for potential shocks, especially cases where changes in demand and production of food are observed, and countries/regions where the climate change has started impacting on food production . It is also important to study and analyze the factors that drive the global food supply and demand in the short-medium-long term to identify and guide policies and research\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;in view of achieving food security in Japan and the world.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Chatham House\u0027s dashboard on the global trade data (resourcetrade.earth), trade in agricultural products has tripled in face value from $40 billion in 2000 to $1.2 trillion in 2018, and doubled from 800 million tons to 1.7 billion tons on a weight basis over the same period. The top five categories in share of global agricultural products trade in 2018 are horticulture (fruits, vegetables, nuts, flowers etc.), oilseeds (soybeans, palm oil etc.), cereals (wheat, maize, rice etc.), meat (beef, pork, chicken etc.) and fish/aquatic resources (seafood, frozen fish etc.) (Fig. 1). Cereals traded at $13.9 billion, accounting for 11% of the total agricultural trade (30% of the top share by weight). Wheat has the largest share of global cereal trade ($56.3 billion, 41%), followed by maize ($39 billion, 28%) and rice ($25.8 billion, 19%) (Fig. 2). The world\u0027s top five cereal exporters are the United States, Russia, France, Canada, and Ukraine, while Japan is the third largest importer after Egypt and China ($5.8 billion including maize $3 billion, wheat $1.6 billion) (Fig. 3). It must be noted that Japan\u0027s self-sufficiency rate is 66% based on the newly defined production value in the \u0022basic plan\u0022 mentioned above. However, the self-sufficiency rate on calorie basis is 37% reflecting Japan’s heavy reliance on imported maize for livestock feed whose self-sufficiency rate stands at 25% (MAFF).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe top rice exporters are India, Thailand, Vietnam and Pakistan, whereas the top importers are China, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Indonesia (the United States is the fifth largest exporter and importer). The international rice trade today however is not limited to Asia, and the flow from Asia to the Middle East and Africa is surprisingly large, and Africa has become a major rice importer (Fig. 4). This may seem surprising, but there are countries in Africa where per capita consumption of rice is even higher than Japan, and consumption is increasing year after year due to urbanization and high population growth. Rice production in Africa cannot catch up with demand and has to rely on import for about 40% of rice consumption. During the 2007-2008 food crisis, many African countries were strongly affected by rice shortages and rising prices. This prompted the governments of each country to put forth measures to increase rice production and increase the self-sufficiency rate. In May 2008, JICA announced the Coalition for African Rice Development (CARD), a consultative group of development partners and international institutions engaged in rice sector development from 23 target countries and 11 international organizations including JIRCAS, with the goal of doubling rice production in Sub-Saharan Africa from 14 million tons to 28 million tons until 2018. Although rice consumption increased significantly during the last 10 years, and the increase in production did not lead to an improvement in the self-sufficiency rate. The reason for the low production is still low paddy yield and limited acreage, and the sustainable increase in both aspects des will be the key to future improvements in self-sufficiency.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS has been a member of the Steering Committee since the first phase of CARD, aiming to contribute to the increase of rice production in Africa from a scientific standpoint. We have conducted research to develop and disseminate breeding materials that are adapted to the region and with improved yield, sustainable low-input cultivation technology, and is continuing to a second phase from 2019. Currently, we are pursuing the improvement of rice productivity in Madagascar by developing cultivation techniques and selecting breeding materials that can efficiently use phosphate fertilizers. In Tanzania, we are developing irrigation facilities and water use technologies that contribute to stable rice production. We also participate in the CGIAR Research Program on Rice Agri-food Systems (RICE-CRP) with other CGIAR centers such as the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), African Rice Center (AfricaRice), and International Tropical Agriculture Center (CIAT), and conducting joint research on rice cultivation technology, strengthening rice production systems, and development of breeding materials. In addition, as bilateral research cooperation with African countries, we are also advancing efforts to evaluate breeding materials with improved nitrogen utilization efficiency. JIRCAS will continue to make efforts so that the developed technology and breeding materials can be used locally in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszcmn\u0022\u003EThe Real Story. Coronavirus: How robust is our food chain?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 4, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EChatham House (2018), \u003Ca href=\u0022http://resourcetrade.earth/\u0022\u003EResourcetrade.earth\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 5, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI Blog:\u0026nbsp;Issue Post \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/blog/covid-19-trade-restrictions-are-worst-possible-response-safeguard-food-security\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Trade restrictions are worst possible response to safeguard food security\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 2, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMAFF\u0026nbsp;“The Basic Law on Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas” (in Japanese) March 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS HP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/satreps\u0022\u003EFy Vary Project\u003C/a\u003E 　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: YANAGIHARA\u0026nbsp;Seiji (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division),\u0026nbsp;SAITO Kazuki (Social Sciences Division), IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200406_ico_2.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200518_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "12.New Coronavirus Pandemic ―Challenges Facing African Agriculture: A case of Rwanda", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "12.New Coronavirus Pandemic ―Challenges Facing African Agriculture: A case of Rwanda", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/rwanda#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Rwanda", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ルワンダ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Rwanda", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "April 7, 2020 marks the 26th year since the genocide which is claimed to have killed more than 500,000 people in about 100 days in Rwanda, a landlocked country in Africa. During this time, investment in the tourism industry, ICT and urban infrastructure has been remarkable, the medical field is often praised as a model to follow in Africa, making Rwanda the success story for post-conflict reconstruction. Regarding the new coronavirus (COVID-19), the Rwandan government took advantage of the experience of controlling Ebola infection in the previous year, and once again quickly strengthened the check system and started a lockdown. In Rwanda, small-scale agriculture is still at the core of the economy. Under the excessive population pressure that far exceeds Japan\u0027s population density, agricultural land is being fragmented and narrowed, and sustainable cultivation techniques and systems are required. At the same time, the rural areas in Rwanda also face nutritional challenges and it is necessary to introduce a variety of foods to improve the diet of the people.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "April 7, 2020 marks the 26th year since the genocide which is claimed to have killed more than 500,000 people in about 100 days in Rwanda, a landlocked country in Africa. During this time, investment in the tourism industry, ICT and urban infrastructure has been remarkable, the medical field is often praised as a model to follow in Africa, making Rwanda the success story for post-conflict reconstruction. Regarding the new coronavirus (COVID-19), the Rwandan government took advantage of the experience of controlling Ebola infection in the previous year, and once again quickly strengthened the check system and started a lockdown. In Rwanda, small-scale agriculture is still at the core of the economy. Under the excessive population pressure that far exceeds Japan\u0027s population density, agricultural land is being fragmented and narrowed, and sustainable cultivation techniques and systems are required. At the same time, the rural areas in Rwanda also face nutritional challenges and it is necessary to introduce a variety of foods to improve the diet of the people.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EApril 7, 2020 marks the 26th year since\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the genocide which is claimed to have killed more than 500,000 people in about 100 days in Rwanda, a landlocked country in Africa. During this time, investment in the tourism industry, ICT and urban infrastructure has been remarkable, making Rwanda the success story for post-conflict reconstruction. In the medical field, Rwanda is often praised as a model to follow in\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Africa, with the universal health coverage of nearly 90% of its 13 million\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;population (WHO Africa). It is also known for starting up a venture to carry medical products including blood for transfusion by drone for the first time in Africa (BBC World Service). Even when Ebola outbreak occurred in 2019 in its neighboring country, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Rwanda has succeeded in mitigating the epidemic in the country by controlling\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;borders and strengthening the sanitation system (WHO).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegarding the new coronavirus (COVID-19), since the first infected person was confirmed in the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;mid-March 2020, 105 cases of infection have been reported\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;as of April 6 (Worldometer). Taking advantage of the experience of controlling\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Ebola infection, the Rwandan government once again quickly strengthened the check system and started a two-week lockdown on March 21at the onset of the outbreak, which was extended until April 19 (The New Times, April 6, 2020). Although the borders were closed, shops and medical institutions handling goods, transportation, groceries and other necessities continued to operate, and private and public offices were encouraged to carry out operations using ICT tools (The New Times, April 2, 2020). However, because it is a landlocked country, border closures and movement restrictions have come with costs. In mid-March, in response to rising food prices, the government introduced fixed prices on food products and restrictions on the purchase amount per person, and announced on Twitter that penalties would be imposed on violating traders (Atlantic Council; The New Times, April 2, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Rwanda, agriculture still plays a key role in the economy, especially in the northwestern region which consists of steep and rolling hills, being famous for a rare mountain gorilla habitat, and makes Rwanda known as the country of a “Thousand Hills”. The region is especially endowed with favorite climatic conditions for agriculture with a warm and humid climate at an altitude of 1700 to 2300 m. While fertile soils have supported small-scale agriculture under high population densities, bananas, sweet potatoes and potatoes are cultivated as staple food crops, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;beans, vegetables and fruits are cultivated as protein and vitamin sources. On the other hand, the population density in Rwanda to date is 525 per km2, which is far higher than that in Japan with\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;347 per km2\u0026nbsp;(Worldometer). Under excessive population pressure, agricultural plots are being highly fragmented due to successive sub-division through inheritance. Farmers there need to adopt sustainable agricultural intensification technologies\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;that maximize the benefits obtained from various agricultural crops while\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;minimizing costs to the environment (Iiyama et al. 2018).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERural people in Rwanda also face nutritional challenges. Ochanomizu University and JIRCAS conducted a small survey to observe the daily meals of four households in the northwestern rural area of Rwanda, and found that poor households subsisted on one or two meals a day skipping breakfast or lunch. It was also found that the food was monotonous consisting of porridge and beans. While potatoes were the source of protein and iron, important nutrients such as vitamin A were lacking, and it became clear that green and yellow vegetables should be added to the menu (Sudo et al. 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAtlantic Council. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/africasource/rwandas-successes-and-challenges-in-response-to-covid-19/\u0022\u003ERwanda’s successes and challenges in response to COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. AfricaSource by Neil Edwards. March 24, 2020. Accessed on April 7, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51837296\u0022\u003EDrones in Africa: How they could become lifesavers\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETanno Y, Sudo N, … Iiyama M. (2020) Recommended modification of porridge and mixture to improve nutrient intake in the rural area of northern Rwanda. Afr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev. 20(2): 15637-15659. DOI: 10.18697/ajfand.90.19285\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIiyama M, et al. (2018): Addressing the paradox – the divergence between smallholders’ preference and actual adoption of agricultural innovations, International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 16:6, 472-485,DOI:10.1080/14735903.2018.1539384\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Times. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/covid-19-rwanda-extends-lockdown-15-days\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Rwanda extends lockdown by 15 days\u003C/a\u003E. April 2, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Times. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/rwanda-confirms-one-more-covid-19-case\u0022\u003ERwanda confirms one more COVID-19 case\u003C/a\u003E. April 6, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/24-07-2019-who-applauds-rwanda-s-ebola-preparedness-efforts\u0022\u003EWHO applauds Rwanda’s Ebola preparedness efforts\u003C/a\u003E. July 24, 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO Africa. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afro.who.int/node/9169\u0022\u003EUniversal Health Coverage in Rwanda\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO Africa. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afro.who.int/news/rwanda-beacon-universal-health-coverage-africa\u0022\u003ERwanda: the beacon of Universal Health Coverage in Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eworldometer. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/rwanda/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E外務省「ルワンダ共和国」\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/rwanda/index.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/rwanda/index.html\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EApril 7, 2020 marks the 26th year since\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the genocide which is claimed to have killed more than 500,000 people in about 100 days in Rwanda, a landlocked country in Africa. During this time, investment in the tourism industry, ICT and urban infrastructure has been remarkable, making Rwanda the success story for post-conflict reconstruction. In the medical field, Rwanda is often praised as a model to follow in\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Africa, with the universal health coverage of nearly 90% of its 13 million\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;population (WHO Africa). It is also known for starting up a venture to carry medical products including blood for transfusion by drone for the first time in Africa (BBC World Service). Even when Ebola outbreak occurred in 2019 in its neighboring country, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Rwanda has succeeded in mitigating the epidemic in the country by controlling\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;borders and strengthening the sanitation system (WHO).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegarding the new coronavirus (COVID-19), since the first infected person was confirmed in the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;mid-March 2020, 105 cases of infection have been reported\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;as of April 6 (Worldometer). Taking advantage of the experience of controlling\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Ebola infection, the Rwandan government once again quickly strengthened the check system and started a two-week lockdown on March 21at the onset of the outbreak, which was extended until April 19 (The New Times, April 6, 2020). Although the borders were closed, shops and medical institutions handling goods, transportation, groceries and other necessities continued to operate, and private and public offices were encouraged to carry out operations using ICT tools (The New Times, April 2, 2020). However, because it is a landlocked country, border closures and movement restrictions have come with costs. In mid-March, in response to rising food prices, the government introduced fixed prices on food products and restrictions on the purchase amount per person, and announced on Twitter that penalties would be imposed on violating traders (Atlantic Council; The New Times, April 2, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Rwanda, agriculture still plays a key role in the economy, especially in the northwestern region which consists of steep and rolling hills, being famous for a rare mountain gorilla habitat, and makes Rwanda known as the country of a “Thousand Hills”. The region is especially endowed with favorite climatic conditions for agriculture with a warm and humid climate at an altitude of 1700 to 2300 m. While fertile soils have supported small-scale agriculture under high population densities, bananas, sweet potatoes and potatoes are cultivated as staple food crops, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;beans, vegetables and fruits are cultivated as protein and vitamin sources. On the other hand, the population density in Rwanda to date is 525 per km2, which is far higher than that in Japan with\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;347 per km2\u0026nbsp;(Worldometer). Under excessive population pressure, agricultural plots are being highly fragmented due to successive sub-division through inheritance. Farmers there need to adopt sustainable agricultural intensification technologies\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;that maximize the benefits obtained from various agricultural crops while\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;minimizing costs to the environment (Iiyama et al. 2018).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERural people in Rwanda also face nutritional challenges. Ochanomizu University and JIRCAS conducted a small survey to observe the daily meals of four households in the northwestern rural area of Rwanda, and found that poor households subsisted on one or two meals a day skipping breakfast or lunch. It was also found that the food was monotonous consisting of porridge and beans. While potatoes were the source of protein and iron, important nutrients such as vitamin A were lacking, and it became clear that green and yellow vegetables should be added to the menu (Sudo et al. 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAtlantic Council. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/africasource/rwandas-successes-and-challenges-in-response-to-covid-19/\u0022\u003ERwanda’s successes and challenges in response to COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. AfricaSource by Neil Edwards. March 24, 2020. Accessed on April 7, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51837296\u0022\u003EDrones in Africa: How they could become lifesavers\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETanno Y, Sudo N, … Iiyama M. (2020) Recommended modification of porridge and mixture to improve nutrient intake in the rural area of northern Rwanda. Afr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev. 20(2): 15637-15659. DOI: 10.18697/ajfand.90.19285\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIiyama M, et al. (2018): Addressing the paradox – the divergence between smallholders’ preference and actual adoption of agricultural innovations, International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 16:6, 472-485,DOI:10.1080/14735903.2018.1539384\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Times. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/covid-19-rwanda-extends-lockdown-15-days\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Rwanda extends lockdown by 15 days\u003C/a\u003E. April 2, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Times. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/rwanda-confirms-one-more-covid-19-case\u0022\u003ERwanda confirms one more COVID-19 case\u003C/a\u003E. April 6, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/24-07-2019-who-applauds-rwanda-s-ebola-preparedness-efforts\u0022\u003EWHO applauds Rwanda’s Ebola preparedness efforts\u003C/a\u003E. July 24, 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO Africa. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afro.who.int/node/9169\u0022\u003EUniversal Health Coverage in Rwanda\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO Africa. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afro.who.int/news/rwanda-beacon-universal-health-coverage-africa\u0022\u003ERwanda: the beacon of Universal Health Coverage in Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eworldometer. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/rwanda/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E外務省「ルワンダ共和国」\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/rwanda/index.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/rwanda/index.html\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200407#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "12. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― アフリカの模範国：ルワンダの農業が直面する課題", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "12.New Coronavirus Pandemic ―Challenges Facing African Agriculture: A case of Rwanda", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/rwanda#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Rwanda", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ルワンダ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Rwanda", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカの内陸国ルワンダにおいて、約100日間に50万人以上が命を落としたとされる大虐殺から、2020年4月7日で早くも26年が経ちます。 この間、観光産業、ICT、都市インフラへの投資は目覚しく、ルワンダは、紛争後の再建に成功した模範国として挙げられ、医療分野でもアフリカの成功例として称えられています。新型コロナウィルス (COVID-19) に関しては 、政府は前年にエボラ感染を阻止した経験を活かしつつ、ロックダウンを開始しました。そんなルワンダですが、経済の根幹を担うのは未だに小規模農業です。日本の人口密度を遥かに超える過度な人口圧力の下、農地の細分化・狭小化が進行しており、持続的な栽培技術と体系が求められています。同時に、栄養の面からも、多様な食品を摂取する必要性があります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "April 7, 2020 marks the 26th year since the genocide which is claimed to have killed more than 500,000 people in about 100 days in Rwanda, a landlocked country in Africa. During this time, investment in the tourism industry, ICT and urban infrastructure has been remarkable, the medical field is often praised as a model to follow in Africa, making Rwanda the success story for post-conflict reconstruction. Regarding the new coronavirus (COVID-19), the Rwandan government took advantage of the experience of controlling Ebola infection in the previous year, and once again quickly strengthened the check system and started a lockdown. In Rwanda, small-scale agriculture is still at the core of the economy. Under the excessive population pressure that far exceeds Japan\u0027s population density, agricultural land is being fragmented and narrowed, and sustainable cultivation techniques and systems are required. At the same time, the rural areas in Rwanda also face nutritional challenges and it is necessary to introduce a variety of foods to improve the diet of the people.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカの内陸国ルワンダにおいて、約100日間に50万人以上が命を落としたとされる大虐殺から、2020年4月7日で早くも26年が経ちます。この間、観光産業、ICT、都市インフラへの投資は目覚しく、ルワンダは紛争後の再建に成功した模範国として挙られてきました。医療分野でもアフリカの成功例として称えられることも多く、およそ1300万人の国民の9割近くにユニバーサル・ヘルスケアの提供を達成したとされ(WHO Africa) 、さらにアフリカで初めてドローンで輸血用血液を含む医療品を運ぶベンチャーが開始されたことで知られています (BBC World Service)。前年の2019年にエボラが隣国のコンゴ民主共和国 (DRC)で発生した際も、国境封鎖等や衛生システムの強化を通じて、ルワンダでの流行を食い止めに成功したとされています(WHO)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウィルス (COVID-19)に関しては 、2020年3月中旬に一人目の感染者が確認され、4月6日時点で105人が感染したと報告されています(worldometer)。エボラ感染を阻止した経験を活かし、ルワンダ政府は、今回も迅速にチェック体制強化を行い、3月21日には2週間の都市封鎖(lockdown)を開始、この措置は4月19日まで延長されました (The New Times, April 6, 2020) 。国境は封鎖されるものの、物資輸送や食料品・必需品を取り扱う商店や医療機関は業務を続け、民間・官公庁ではICTツールを活用した業務遂行が奨励されるとのことです(The New Times, April 2, 2020)。ただ、内陸国ゆえに、国境封鎖と移動規制は大きな制約を伴います。3月中旬、食料価格の上昇を受け、政府は食料品に対する価格規制と一人当たり購入量の制限を導入し、違反した取引業者には罰則を行っていることをTwitter等で公表しています(Atlantic Council; The New Times, April 2, 2020)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eそんなルワンダですが、経済の根幹を担うのは未だに農業です。とくに北西部地域は「千の丘」とも称される急峻な丘陵地帯からなり、熱帯でありながら標高1700～2300mでの温暖湿潤な気候と、稀少なマウンテンゴリラ生息地としても有名な火山地帯周辺の肥沃な土壌が、高い人口密度の下での小規模農業を支えてきました。主食作物として食用バナナ・サツマイモ・ジャガイモ、タンパク質・ビタミン源として食用豆類・野菜・果物などが栽培されています。他方、現在までにルワンダの人口密度は525人/km\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003Eと、日本の347人/km\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003Eをゆうに上回っています(worldometer)。過度な人口圧力の下、相続を通じた農地の細分化・狭小化が進行しており、農民にとり、環境を保全しつつ、多様な農作物から得られるベネフィットを最大化する持続的な栽培技術体系が求められています(Iiyama et al. 2018)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、農村の人々は、栄養面でも課題を抱えています。お茶の水女子大と国際農研が北西部農村4世帯の1日の食事を調査したところ、貧しい世帯は朝食や昼食抜きで一日1～2食で済ますこと、他方、貧富のレベルにかかわらず、メニューが炭水化物と豆の煮込みと単調であることが伺えました。イモ類がタンパク質・鉄分源となっている一方、ビタミンAなどの重要な栄養素が足りておらず、緑黄色野菜をメニューに加える必要性が明らかになりました(Sudo et al. 2020)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAtlantic Council. Rwanda’s successes and challenges in response to COVID-19. AfricaSource by Neil Edwards. March 24, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/africasource/rwandas-successes-and-challenges-in-response-to-covid-19/\u0022\u003Ehttps://atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/africasource/rwandas-successes-and-challenges-in-response-to-covid-19/\u003C/a\u003E　Accessed on April 7, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. Drones in Africa: How they could become lifesavers, April 7, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51837296\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bbc.com/news/business-51837296\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETanno Y, Sudo N, … Iiyama M. (2020) Recommended modification of porridge and mixture to improve nutrient intake in the rural area of northern Rwanda. Afr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev. 20(2): 15637-15659. DOI: 10.18697/ajfand.90.19285\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIiyama M, et al. (2018): Addressing the paradox – the divergence between smallholders’ preference and actual adoption of agricultural innovations, International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 16:6, 472-485,DOI:10.1080/14735903.2018.1539384\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Times. COVID-19: Rwanda extends lockdown by 15 days. April 2, 2020.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/covid-19-rwanda-extends-lockdown-15-days\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/covid-19-rwanda-extends-lockdown-15-days\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Times. Rwanda confirms one more COVID-19 case. April 6, 2020. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/rwanda-confirms-one-more-covid-19-case\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/rwanda-confirms-one-more-covid-19-case\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. WHO applauds Rwanda’s Ebola preparedness efforts. July 24, 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/24-07-2019-who-applauds-rwanda-s-ebola-preparedness-efforts\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.who.int/news-room/detail/24-07-2019-who-applauds-rwanda-s-ebola-preparedness-efforts\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO Africa. Universal Health Coverage in Rwanda \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afro.who.int/node/9169\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.afro.who.int/node/9169\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO Africa. Rwanda: the beacon of Universal Health Coverage in Africa. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afro.who.int/news/rwanda-beacon-universal-health-coverage-africa\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.afro.who.int/news/rwanda-beacon-universal-health-coverage-africa\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eworldometer. Coronavirus.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/rwanda/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/rwanda/\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E外務省「ルワンダ共和国」\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/rwanda/index.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/rwanda/index.html\u003C/a\u003E 　Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EApril 7, 2020 marks the 26th year since\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the genocide which is claimed to have killed more than 500,000 people in about 100 days in Rwanda, a landlocked country in Africa. During this time, investment in the tourism industry, ICT and urban infrastructure has been remarkable, making Rwanda the success story for post-conflict reconstruction. In the medical field, Rwanda is often praised as a model to follow in\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Africa, with the universal health coverage of nearly 90% of its 13 million\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;population (WHO Africa). It is also known for starting up a venture to carry medical products including blood for transfusion by drone for the first time in Africa (BBC World Service). Even when Ebola outbreak occurred in 2019 in its neighboring country, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Rwanda has succeeded in mitigating the epidemic in the country by controlling\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;borders and strengthening the sanitation system (WHO).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegarding the new coronavirus (COVID-19), since the first infected person was confirmed in the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;mid-March 2020, 105 cases of infection have been reported\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;as of April 6 (Worldometer). Taking advantage of the experience of controlling\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Ebola infection, the Rwandan government once again quickly strengthened the check system and started a two-week lockdown on March 21at the onset of the outbreak, which was extended until April 19 (The New Times, April 6, 2020). Although the borders were closed, shops and medical institutions handling goods, transportation, groceries and other necessities continued to operate, and private and public offices were encouraged to carry out operations using ICT tools (The New Times, April 2, 2020). However, because it is a landlocked country, border closures and movement restrictions have come with costs. In mid-March, in response to rising food prices, the government introduced fixed prices on food products and restrictions on the purchase amount per person, and announced on Twitter that penalties would be imposed on violating traders (Atlantic Council; The New Times, April 2, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Rwanda, agriculture still plays a key role in the economy, especially in the northwestern region which consists of steep and rolling hills, being famous for a rare mountain gorilla habitat, and makes Rwanda known as the country of a “Thousand Hills”. The region is especially endowed with favorite climatic conditions for agriculture with a warm and humid climate at an altitude of 1700 to 2300 m. While fertile soils have supported small-scale agriculture under high population densities, bananas, sweet potatoes and potatoes are cultivated as staple food crops, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;beans, vegetables and fruits are cultivated as protein and vitamin sources. On the other hand, the population density in Rwanda to date is 525 per km2, which is far higher than that in Japan with\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;347 per km2\u0026nbsp;(Worldometer). Under excessive population pressure, agricultural plots are being highly fragmented due to successive sub-division through inheritance. Farmers there need to adopt sustainable agricultural intensification technologies\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;that maximize the benefits obtained from various agricultural crops while\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;minimizing costs to the environment (Iiyama et al. 2018).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERural people in Rwanda also face nutritional challenges. Ochanomizu University and JIRCAS conducted a small survey to observe the daily meals of four households in the northwestern rural area of Rwanda, and found that poor households subsisted on one or two meals a day skipping breakfast or lunch. It was also found that the food was monotonous consisting of porridge and beans. While potatoes were the source of protein and iron, important nutrients such as vitamin A were lacking, and it became clear that green and yellow vegetables should be added to the menu (Sudo et al. 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAtlantic Council. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/africasource/rwandas-successes-and-challenges-in-response-to-covid-19/\u0022\u003ERwanda’s successes and challenges in response to COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. AfricaSource by Neil Edwards. March 24, 2020. Accessed on April 7, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51837296\u0022\u003EDrones in Africa: How they could become lifesavers\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETanno Y, Sudo N, … Iiyama M. (2020) Recommended modification of porridge and mixture to improve nutrient intake in the rural area of northern Rwanda. Afr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev. 20(2): 15637-15659. DOI: 10.18697/ajfand.90.19285\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIiyama M, et al. (2018): Addressing the paradox – the divergence between smallholders’ preference and actual adoption of agricultural innovations, International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 16:6, 472-485,DOI:10.1080/14735903.2018.1539384\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Times. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/covid-19-rwanda-extends-lockdown-15-days\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Rwanda extends lockdown by 15 days\u003C/a\u003E. April 2, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe New Times. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/rwanda-confirms-one-more-covid-19-case\u0022\u003ERwanda confirms one more COVID-19 case\u003C/a\u003E. April 6, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/24-07-2019-who-applauds-rwanda-s-ebola-preparedness-efforts\u0022\u003EWHO applauds Rwanda’s Ebola preparedness efforts\u003C/a\u003E. July 24, 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO Africa. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afro.who.int/node/9169\u0022\u003EUniversal Health Coverage in Rwanda\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO Africa. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afro.who.int/news/rwanda-beacon-universal-health-coverage-africa\u0022\u003ERwanda: the beacon of Universal Health Coverage in Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eworldometer. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/rwanda/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E外務省「ルワンダ共和国」\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/rwanda/index.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/rwanda/index.html\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200407_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200518#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "13. Tropical Fruits Research at TARF", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "13. Tropical Fruits Research at TARF", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/japan#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Japan", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "日本", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Japan", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/myanmar#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Myanmar", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ミャンマー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Myanmar", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Ishigaki Island, which has been attracting attention as a tourist destination in the world in recent years, is geographically closer to Taiwan than the main island of Okinawa, and belongs to a subtropical region in terms of climate. The Tropical Agriculture Research Front (TARF), a research base of JIRCAS on Ishigaki Island, is the only Japanese agricultural research institute capable of conducting empirical research in the cultivation environment of tropical crops, and has a major mission to contribute to domestic and overseas agriculture. TARF is conducting research on mangoes and passion fruits with the aim of contributing to the promotion of tropical fruit tree production in both developing countries and Japan. Since these fruits are rich in nutrients such as vitamins and have high commercial value, research that leads to the development of excellent varieties is expected to benefit both domestic and overseas consumers and producers.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ishigaki Island, which has been attracting attention as a tourist destination in the world in recent years, is geographically closer to Taiwan than the main island of Okinawa, and belongs to a subtropical region in terms of climate. The Tropical Agriculture Research Front (TARF), a research base of JIRCAS on Ishigaki Island, is the only Japanese agricultural research institute capable of conducting empirical research in the cultivation environment of tropical crops, and has a major mission to contribute to domestic and overseas agriculture. TARF is conducting research on mangoes and passion fruits with the aim of contributing to the promotion of tropical fruit tree production in both developing countries and Japan. Since these fruits are rich in nutrients such as vitamins and have high commercial value, research that leads to the development of excellent varieties is expected to benefit both domestic and overseas consumers and producers.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Tropical Agriculture Research Front (TARF) is a division of JIRCAS in Ishigaki City (Ishigaki Island), a subtropical island in Okinawa Prefecture. Ishigaki Island is located about 400 km southwest of the capital city of Naha at Okinawa island (main island). It is geographically closer to Taiwan rather than the Okinawa island and has been attracting attention recently as a world’s tourist destination. Climatically, it belongs to the subtropical region, with an average annual temperature of 24.3°C and an average annual rainfall of 2,107 mm, which is hot and humid. Under such climatic and geographical conditions similar to those of the field of research conducted by JIRCAS overseas, we are pursuing research on the development of agricultural production technology that can be applied to developing regions and islands in the tropical and subtropical areas using 21 hectares of experimental fields, various greenhouses and other facilities. In addition, with the subtropical environment at TARF, we are contributing to domestic agriculture by preserving the tropical crop genetic resources and developing breeding materials and cultivars suitable for the southwestern warm regions in Japan. As the only national agricultural research institute capable of conducting empirical research for cultivation of tropical crops, we hope to mission to contribute to domestic and overseas agriculture with these initiatives.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are various tropical fruit species that are widely cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions. As many of these fruits are rich in nutrients, vitamins and high commercial value, it is expected that research to improve tropical fruit tree production will have potential benefits to both consumers and producers. Recently, novel tropical fruits, both imported and domestically produced, are available not only in luxury fruit shops of department stores, but also in supermarkets in Japan. JIRCAS is conducting research that contributes to the promotion of tropical fruit production in both Japan and developing countries, by taking advantage of the geographical and research facilities of TARF. Specifically, we have been conducting research on mango and passion fruit with the aim of promoting tropical fruit tree research and activating genetic resource utilization.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMango is the third most dominant tropical fruit produced worldwide, after banana and pineapple, with hundreds of varieties including major ones such as ‘Alfonso’, ‘Haden’, ‘Keitt’ and ‘Tommy Atkins’. In Southeast Asia which is one of the major production areas, also, mango is important cash crop. However, the development of improved cultivars, cultivation techniques, and systematic efforts to add high value have not progressed leaving plenty of room for R\u0026amp;D to make contribution. In Japan, the commercial production of mango has been substantially monoculture of ‘Irwin’ (occupies \u0026gt;90% production in Japan). There is need for research to utilize diversity of genetic resources for new market value and expansion the harvesting period. Through the genetic analysis covered almost all mango genetic resources in Japan, we have identified and classified about 80 identical mango cultivars into three groups corresponding to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;areas of origin, namely, America, India, East and Southeast Asia (Yamanaka et al. 2019). Information of variety characteristics such as flowering time and fruit quality among the mango genetic resources conserved in JIRCAS-TARF are summarized and provided for researchers, producers, and consumers in Japan through the website of “JIRCAS Mango Genetic Resources Site” (in Japanese). Furthermore, these findings of genetic analysis also contribute to the development of technology for classification and identification of mango genetic resources in Myanmar, where a joint research is being conducted.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPassion fruit is a tropical fruit tree that accounts for the third largest amount of production in Japan after pineapple and mango. Recently, passion fruit has been focused as one of the potential crops for adjustment to global warming and further expansion of domestic production is expected. In 2016, JIRCAS developed a new passion fruit cultivar “Sunny Shine”, which has lower acidity and better appearance than conventional varieties for fresh fruit consumption. Although passion fruit is a tropical fruit, it is weak for extreme high temperature during the period of flowering and fruit setting. We have been working on the development of breeding materials for resistant to such high temperature. Also, virus free propagation technique has been developing for the viral disease which have been increasing in recent years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/publication/research_results/2016_d02\u0022\u003E‘Sunny Shine’: A new passion fruit cultivar with low acidity and good appearance\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS Research Highlights 2016\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EYamanaka S et al. (2019) Genetic diversity and relatedness of mango cultivars assessed by SSR markers. Breeding Science, 69:332-344.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/database/mango/mango-top\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Mango Genetic Resources Site\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2019_d02\u0022\u003E国内保有マンゴー遺伝資源の多様性および品種特性\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;国際農林水産業研究成果情報（令和元年度）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: YAMANAKA Shinsuke (TARF)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Tropical Agriculture Research Front (TARF) is a division of JIRCAS in Ishigaki City (Ishigaki Island), a subtropical island in Okinawa Prefecture. Ishigaki Island is located about 400 km southwest of the capital city of Naha at Okinawa island (main island). It is geographically closer to Taiwan rather than the Okinawa island and has been attracting attention recently as a world’s tourist destination. Climatically, it belongs to the subtropical region, with an average annual temperature of 24.3°C and an average annual rainfall of 2,107 mm, which is hot and humid. Under such climatic and geographical conditions similar to those of the field of research conducted by JIRCAS overseas, we are pursuing research on the development of agricultural production technology that can be applied to developing regions and islands in the tropical and subtropical areas using 21 hectares of experimental fields, various greenhouses and other facilities. In addition, with the subtropical environment at TARF, we are contributing to domestic agriculture by preserving the tropical crop genetic resources and developing breeding materials and cultivars suitable for the southwestern warm regions in Japan. As the only national agricultural research institute capable of conducting empirical research for cultivation of tropical crops, we hope to mission to contribute to domestic and overseas agriculture with these initiatives.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are various tropical fruit species that are widely cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions. As many of these fruits are rich in nutrients, vitamins and high commercial value, it is expected that research to improve tropical fruit tree production will have potential benefits to both consumers and producers. Recently, novel tropical fruits, both imported and domestically produced, are available not only in luxury fruit shops of department stores, but also in supermarkets in Japan. JIRCAS is conducting research that contributes to the promotion of tropical fruit production in both Japan and developing countries, by taking advantage of the geographical and research facilities of TARF. Specifically, we have been conducting research on mango and passion fruit with the aim of promoting tropical fruit tree research and activating genetic resource utilization.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMango is the third most dominant tropical fruit produced worldwide, after banana and pineapple, with hundreds of varieties including major ones such as ‘Alfonso’, ‘Haden’, ‘Keitt’ and ‘Tommy Atkins’. In Southeast Asia which is one of the major production areas, also, mango is important cash crop. However, the development of improved cultivars, cultivation techniques, and systematic efforts to add high value have not progressed leaving plenty of room for R\u0026amp;D to make contribution. In Japan, the commercial production of mango has been substantially monoculture of ‘Irwin’ (occupies \u0026gt;90% production in Japan). There is need for research to utilize diversity of genetic resources for new market value and expansion the harvesting period. Through the genetic analysis covered almost all mango genetic resources in Japan, we have identified and classified about 80 identical mango cultivars into three groups corresponding to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;areas of origin, namely, America, India, East and Southeast Asia (Yamanaka et al. 2019). Information of variety characteristics such as flowering time and fruit quality among the mango genetic resources conserved in JIRCAS-TARF are summarized and provided for researchers, producers, and consumers in Japan through the website of “JIRCAS Mango Genetic Resources Site” (in Japanese). Furthermore, these findings of genetic analysis also contribute to the development of technology for classification and identification of mango genetic resources in Myanmar, where a joint research is being conducted.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPassion fruit is a tropical fruit tree that accounts for the third largest amount of production in Japan after pineapple and mango. Recently, passion fruit has been focused as one of the potential crops for adjustment to global warming and further expansion of domestic production is expected. In 2016, JIRCAS developed a new passion fruit cultivar “Sunny Shine”, which has lower acidity and better appearance than conventional varieties for fresh fruit consumption. Although passion fruit is a tropical fruit, it is weak for extreme high temperature during the period of flowering and fruit setting. We have been working on the development of breeding materials for resistant to such high temperature. Also, virus free propagation technique has been developing for the viral disease which have been increasing in recent years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/publication/research_results/2016_d02\u0022\u003E‘Sunny Shine’: A new passion fruit cultivar with low acidity and good appearance\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS Research Highlights 2016\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EYamanaka S et al. (2019) Genetic diversity and relatedness of mango cultivars assessed by SSR markers. Breeding Science, 69:332-344.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/database/mango/mango-top\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Mango Genetic Resources Site\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2019_d02\u0022\u003E国内保有マンゴー遺伝資源の多様性および品種特性\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;国際農林水産業研究成果情報（令和元年度）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: YAMANAKA Shinsuke (TARF)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200409#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "13. 熱帯・島嶼拠点＠石垣島における熱帯果樹研究", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "13. Tropical Fruits Research at TARF", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/japan#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Japan", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "日本", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Japan", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/myanmar#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Myanmar", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ミャンマー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Myanmar", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "近年、世界的にも観光地として注目を浴びている石垣島は、地理的には沖縄本島よりも台湾に近く、気候的には亜熱帯地域に属します。国際農研は、日本の農業研究機関では唯一熱帯作物の栽培環境での実証研究が可能な石垣島に研究拠点を持ち、国内外の農業に貢献するために大きな使命を担っています。その一環として、開発途上国と日本の双方における熱帯果樹生産の促進に貢献することを目的とし、マンゴーとパッションフルーツの研究を行っています。これらフルーツはビタミンなどの栄養素に富み、また商品価値も高く、優れた品種育成につながる研究は、国内外の消費者・生産者双方の利益になると期待されます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Ishigaki Island, which has been attracting attention as a tourist destination in the world in recent years, is geographically closer to Taiwan than the main island of Okinawa, and belongs to a subtropical region in terms of climate. The Tropical Agriculture Research Front (TARF), a research base of JIRCAS on Ishigaki Island, is the only Japanese agricultural research institute capable of conducting empirical research in the cultivation environment of tropical crops, and has a major mission to contribute to domestic and overseas agriculture. TARF is conducting research on mangoes and passion fruits with the aim of contributing to the promotion of tropical fruit tree production in both developing countries and Japan. Since these fruits are rich in nutrients such as vitamins and have high commercial value, research that leads to the development of excellent varieties is expected to benefit both domestic and overseas consumers and producers.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は沖縄県石垣市（石垣島）に熱帯・島嶼研究拠点を有しています。近年、世界的にも観光地として注目を浴びている石垣島は、那覇から南西約400 kmに位置し、地理的には沖縄本島よりも台湾に近くなっています。気候的には亜熱帯地域に属し、年平均気温は24.3 ℃、年間平均降水量は2,107 mm と高温多湿であることが特徴です。このような亜熱帯と島嶼という、国際農研が海外で実施する研究の現場にも類似した気候条件や地理的条件のもと、21 ヘクタールの試験圃場、各種温室、施設等を利用して、熱帯・亜熱帯の開発途上地域や島嶼地域に応用できる農業生産技術の研究開発に取り組んでいます。また、亜熱帯という環境を生かし、熱帯作物の遺伝資源保存や育種素材の開発、並びに西南暖地向けの品種育成を行う等、国内農業にも貢献しています。このように、国関係の農業研究機関では唯一熱帯作物の栽培環境での実証研究が可能な当拠点は、国内外の農業に貢献するために大きな使命を担っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の熱帯・亜熱帯地域において広く栽培される熱帯果樹には様々な種があります。多くはビタミンなどの栄養素に富み、また商品価値も高く、熱帯果樹生産を向上する研究は、潜在的に消費者・生産者双方の利益になると期待されます。最近では日本でも百貨店の高級果物店のみならず、スーパーなどでも、輸入・国産ともに、珍しい熱帯果物が入手できるようになりました。国際農研では、熱帯・島嶼研究拠点の地理的かつ研究設備としての優位性を活かし、開発途上国と日本の双方における熱帯果樹生産の促進に貢献する研究を行っています。具体的には、熱帯果樹研究の促進と遺伝資源利用の活性化をめざし、マンゴーおよびパッションフルーツの研究を行ってきました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eマンゴーは、世界でバナナ、パインアップルに次いで３番目に生産量の多い熱帯果樹で、世界には‘アルフォンソ’、‘ヘイデン’、 ‘キーツ’、 ‘トミーアトキンス’をはじめ数百品種があるとされています。主要な産地の一つである東南アジアにおいても重要な換金作物ですが、品種や栽培技術の開発、高付加価値化への体系的な取組みが進んでおらず、研究開発の貢献の余地が大きいことが特徴です。また日本においては、海外からの導入後、現在経済栽培され流通している国内産マンゴーの殆どは‘アーウィン’1品種であり(＞90％)、高付加価値化や市場拡大の可能性のために品種の多様性を活用するための研究が望まれていました。国際農研は、日本国内で保有されているほぼ全てのマンゴー遺伝資源に関する遺伝的解析により、約80の異なる品種が育成地に由来する3つのグループ（アメリカ、インド、東・東南アジア）に分類されることを明らかにしました（Yamanaka et al. 2019）。また国際農研が有するマンゴー遺伝資源の石垣における試験栽培で得られた開花期や果実品質等の品種特性については、国際農研のホームページ等を通じて、国内の研究者、生産者、消費者に情報を提供しています（「JIRCASマンゴー遺伝資源サイト」、令和元年度国際農研成果情報）。さらに、これらの知見は共同研究を実施しているミャンマーにおけるマンゴー品種の分類や品種識別技術の開発にも貢献しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパッションフルーツは、国内ではパインアップル、マンゴーに次ぐ生産量を占める熱帯果樹です。温暖化対策としての需要も見込まれ、さらなる国内生産の拡大が期待されています。国際農研は、2016年に従来の品種よりも酸味が少なく見た目のよい新品種‘サニーシャイン’を開発しました（平成28年度国際農研主要普及成果）。パッションフルーツは、熱帯果樹ではあるものの花や果実のなる時期の極端な高温に弱く、また近年ウイルス病による被害が拡大しており、国際農研では、パッションフルーツの耐暑性の育種やウイルスフリー技術の開発にも取り組んでいます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E酸味が少なく外観良好なパッションフルーツ新品種「サニーシャイン」、国際農林水産業研究成果情報（平成28年度）、\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2016_d02\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2016_d02\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EYamanaka S et al. (2019) Genetic diversity and relatedness of mango cultivars assessed by SSR markers. Breeding Science, 69:332-344.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「JIRCASマンゴー遺伝資源サイト」、\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/database/mango/mango-top\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/database/mango/mango-top\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国内保有マンゴー遺伝資源の多様性および品種特性、国際農林水産業研究成果情報（令和元年度）、\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2019_d02\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2019_d02\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：熱帯・島嶼研究拠点　山中愼介）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Tropical Agriculture Research Front (TARF) is a division of JIRCAS in Ishigaki City (Ishigaki Island), a subtropical island in Okinawa Prefecture. Ishigaki Island is located about 400 km southwest of the capital city of Naha at Okinawa island (main island). It is geographically closer to Taiwan rather than the Okinawa island and has been attracting attention recently as a world’s tourist destination. Climatically, it belongs to the subtropical region, with an average annual temperature of 24.3°C and an average annual rainfall of 2,107 mm, which is hot and humid. Under such climatic and geographical conditions similar to those of the field of research conducted by JIRCAS overseas, we are pursuing research on the development of agricultural production technology that can be applied to developing regions and islands in the tropical and subtropical areas using 21 hectares of experimental fields, various greenhouses and other facilities. In addition, with the subtropical environment at TARF, we are contributing to domestic agriculture by preserving the tropical crop genetic resources and developing breeding materials and cultivars suitable for the southwestern warm regions in Japan. As the only national agricultural research institute capable of conducting empirical research for cultivation of tropical crops, we hope to mission to contribute to domestic and overseas agriculture with these initiatives.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are various tropical fruit species that are widely cultivated in the tropical and subtropical regions. As many of these fruits are rich in nutrients, vitamins and high commercial value, it is expected that research to improve tropical fruit tree production will have potential benefits to both consumers and producers. Recently, novel tropical fruits, both imported and domestically produced, are available not only in luxury fruit shops of department stores, but also in supermarkets in Japan. JIRCAS is conducting research that contributes to the promotion of tropical fruit production in both Japan and developing countries, by taking advantage of the geographical and research facilities of TARF. Specifically, we have been conducting research on mango and passion fruit with the aim of promoting tropical fruit tree research and activating genetic resource utilization.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMango is the third most dominant tropical fruit produced worldwide, after banana and pineapple, with hundreds of varieties including major ones such as ‘Alfonso’, ‘Haden’, ‘Keitt’ and ‘Tommy Atkins’. In Southeast Asia which is one of the major production areas, also, mango is important cash crop. However, the development of improved cultivars, cultivation techniques, and systematic efforts to add high value have not progressed leaving plenty of room for R\u0026amp;D to make contribution. In Japan, the commercial production of mango has been substantially monoculture of ‘Irwin’ (occupies \u0026gt;90% production in Japan). There is need for research to utilize diversity of genetic resources for new market value and expansion the harvesting period. Through the genetic analysis covered almost all mango genetic resources in Japan, we have identified and classified about 80 identical mango cultivars into three groups corresponding to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;areas of origin, namely, America, India, East and Southeast Asia (Yamanaka et al. 2019). Information of variety characteristics such as flowering time and fruit quality among the mango genetic resources conserved in JIRCAS-TARF are summarized and provided for researchers, producers, and consumers in Japan through the website of “JIRCAS Mango Genetic Resources Site” (in Japanese). Furthermore, these findings of genetic analysis also contribute to the development of technology for classification and identification of mango genetic resources in Myanmar, where a joint research is being conducted.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPassion fruit is a tropical fruit tree that accounts for the third largest amount of production in Japan after pineapple and mango. Recently, passion fruit has been focused as one of the potential crops for adjustment to global warming and further expansion of domestic production is expected. In 2016, JIRCAS developed a new passion fruit cultivar “Sunny Shine”, which has lower acidity and better appearance than conventional varieties for fresh fruit consumption. Although passion fruit is a tropical fruit, it is weak for extreme high temperature during the period of flowering and fruit setting. We have been working on the development of breeding materials for resistant to such high temperature. Also, virus free propagation technique has been developing for the viral disease which have been increasing in recent years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/publication/research_results/2016_d02\u0022\u003E‘Sunny Shine’: A new passion fruit cultivar with low acidity and good appearance\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS Research Highlights 2016\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EYamanaka S et al. (2019) Genetic diversity and relatedness of mango cultivars assessed by SSR markers. Breeding Science, 69:332-344.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/database/mango/mango-top\u0022\u003EJIRCAS Mango Genetic Resources Site\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2019_d02\u0022\u003E国内保有マンゴー遺伝資源の多様性および品種特性\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;国際農林水産業研究成果情報（令和元年度）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: YAMANAKA Shinsuke (TARF)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200409_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200520_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "14. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Bulletin: The first recession in Sub-Saharan Africa in 25 years", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "14. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Bulletin: The first recession in Sub-Saharan Africa in 25 years", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2The World Bank announced on April 8, 2020 that due to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the economic growth rate in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is projected to decline from 2.4 percent in 2019 to -2.1 to -5.1 percent in 2020, the first recession in the region in 25 years. Countries that depend on oil and minerals exports such as Nigeria, South Africa and Angola, and countries with strong value chain participation such as Ethiopia and Kenya, will be particularly hit hard. In addition, exports and movement regulations will also affect the agricultural production and is expected to contract between 2.6 to 7%. The World Bank, with the support of the SSA governments, has called for the need to avoid the outbreak of an African food crisis associated with COVID-19. Through the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), Japan has taken the position of strongly supporting development in Africa, the fastest-growing frontier of the 21st century, in cooperation with the public and private sectors.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "2The World Bank announced on April 8, 2020 that due to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the economic growth rate in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is projected to decline from 2.4 percent in 2019 to -2.1 to -5.1 percent in 2020, the first recession in the region in 25 years. Countries that depend on oil and minerals exports such as Nigeria, South Africa and Angola, and countries with strong value chain participation such as Ethiopia and Kenya, will be particularly hit hard. In addition, exports and movement regulations will also affect the agricultural production and is expected to contract between 2.6 to 7%. The World Bank, with the support of the SSA governments, has called for the need to avoid the outbreak of an African food crisis associated with COVID-19. Through the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), Japan has taken the position of strongly supporting development in Africa, the fastest-growing frontier of the 21st century, in cooperation with the public and private sectors.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 8, 2020, the World Bank published a report assessing the magnitude of the economic impact of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and policy response in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) (Calderon et al. 2020). As the COVID-19 pandemic sweeps across the globe, it is also spreading rapidly in SSA in recent weeks despite a late arrival. As of April 7, 2020, a total of 5,425 infected people were reported in 45 of the 48 countries in SSA, but the actual number of infected people is not higher due to limited testing capacity in many countries. The key messages of the report are summarized below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEconomic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to decline from 2.4 percent in 2019 to -2.1 to -5.1 percent in 2020, the first recession in the region in 25 years. In addition to COVID-19 pandemic containment measures, production suspension in major trading partners such as China and the euro area, falling commodity prices, and macroeconomic risks from the stagnation of tourism are expected to cost the region between $37 billion to $79 billion in terms of output losses for 2020. The COVID-19 shock is hitting the region’s three largest economies—Nigeria, South Africa, and Angola—in a context of persistently weak growth and investment, and declining commodity prices. The prices of oil industrial metals fell by 50% and 11%, respectively, from December 2019 to March 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EModel simulations suggest that, compared with a no-COVID base case, average real gross domestic product (GDP) growth in these countries could be reduced by up to 6.9 percentage points in 2020 in the baseline scenario, and by up to 8 percentage points in the downside scenario. Even in countries that do not depend on resource exports, economic growth is expected to slow significantly. In the baseline and downside scenarios, growth will fall well below the regional average population growth rate of 2.7 percent, indicating that, in the absence of appropriate measures to mitigate its effects, the COVID-19 outbreak will severely impact the welfare of large numbers of individuals in the region.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough agriculture dominates an important position in the SSA economy, COVID-19 border closure will particularly affect the agricultural workers and informal unskilled workers due to rising prices and supply shortages. In many areas where food security is already threatened by the effects of climate change such as drought, conflicts, and desert locust emergency, it is feared that the weakening currencies and the rise in food prices will exacerbate the situation. Currently, there is sufficient food stocks\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;worldwide, the prices of other staples are starting to rise in countries that are experiencing currency depreciation, leading to increasing concerns over spikes in consumer prices and food crises. Disruptions in the food supply chain are beginning to hinder access to inputs and services and labor movement. Agricultural production is likely to contract between 2.6 percent in the optimistic scenario and 7 percent in the scenario with trade blockages.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Food imports are also projected to fall sharply (13% to 25%) due to higher transaction costs and shrinking domestic demand. The African food crisis associated with COVID-19 must be avoided at all costs through international collaboration.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the SSA region, the economic impact of COVID-19 is expected to spread through the following multiple channels. The first channel is due to the disruption of the trade and value chain, especially among countries that export goods (as the international prices of oil, minerals and metals collapse) and the countries with strong value chain participation (such as Ethiopia and Kenya). The second channel is reduced foreign financing flows such as foreign investment, assistance, remittances from overseas, a drop in tourism revenue, and capital flight ($1.75 billion in portfolio outflows experienced by South Africa in March). The third channel is the health channel, the direct impact of COVID-19 on economic activity due to the increase in the number of infected people and fatalities. The fourth channel is the disruption due to the containment and mitigation measures imposed by the governments and the response of the citizens.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report states that the policy makers in SSA countries should prioritize the protection of human life and livelihoods, and calls for short-term emergency assistance and medium-term restructuring measures including expansion of the health system, income compensation for workers, and capital injection into businesses. At the same time, in view of financial difficulties in the SSA countries and debt in the public sector, donor countries and organizations are requested to give financial support through COVID-19 related multilateral assistance and debt service stand still with official bilateral creditors.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe governments of SSA countries are taking this economic crisis seriously and seem to be responding rather swiftly. At the same time as implementing lockdown for initial containment, the presidents and ministers in countries such as Kenya and Rwanda take the lead in announcing their own salary cuts, and taking measures such as tax exemption for their citizens (Africanews, PMLdaily, The Star).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThrough the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), Japan has taken the position of strongly supporting development in Africa, the fastest-growing frontier of the 21st century, in cooperation with the public and private sectors. It is necessary to support Africa in the current economic crisis in cooperation with the international community. JIRCAS is implementing international joint research on stable food production in the SSA region as a flagship project. We will continue to work closely with our partners to gather information and contribute to the solution of the food crisis through agricultural research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfricanews. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.africanews.com/2020/04/07/african-officials-donate-salaries-to-covid-19-fight-rwanda-cabinet-joins-list/\u0022\u003EAfrican officials donate salaries to COVID-19 fight: Rwanda cabinet joins lis\u003C/a\u003Et. April 7, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECalderon, C et al. 2020. Africa\u0027s Pulse, No. 21, Spring 2020: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541\u0022\u003EAn Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa’s Economic Future\u003C/a\u003E. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPML daily. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/03/kenyatta-announces-100-tax-relief-for-workers-salary-cuts-for-govt-officials-in-fight-against-coronavirus.html  \u0022\u003ECOVID-19 CRISIS: Kenyatta announces 100% tax relief for workers, salary cuts for govt officials in Kenya\u003C/a\u003E. March 25, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Star. \u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://www.the-star.co.ke/business/kenya/2020-03-25-uhuru-ruto-take-80percent-pay-cut-in-wake-of-economic-crisis-caused-by-covid-19/\u0022\u003EUhuru, Ruto take 80% pay cut in wake of economic crisis caused by Covid-19\u003C/a\u003E. March 25, 2020. Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office), NAKASHIMA Kazuo (Stable Agricultural Production Program)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 8, 2020, the World Bank published a report assessing the magnitude of the economic impact of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and policy response in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) (Calderon et al. 2020). As the COVID-19 pandemic sweeps across the globe, it is also spreading rapidly in SSA in recent weeks despite a late arrival. As of April 7, 2020, a total of 5,425 infected people were reported in 45 of the 48 countries in SSA, but the actual number of infected people is not higher due to limited testing capacity in many countries. The key messages of the report are summarized below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEconomic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to decline from 2.4 percent in 2019 to -2.1 to -5.1 percent in 2020, the first recession in the region in 25 years. In addition to COVID-19 pandemic containment measures, production suspension in major trading partners such as China and the euro area, falling commodity prices, and macroeconomic risks from the stagnation of tourism are expected to cost the region between $37 billion to $79 billion in terms of output losses for 2020. The COVID-19 shock is hitting the region’s three largest economies—Nigeria, South Africa, and Angola—in a context of persistently weak growth and investment, and declining commodity prices. The prices of oil industrial metals fell by 50% and 11%, respectively, from December 2019 to March 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EModel simulations suggest that, compared with a no-COVID base case, average real gross domestic product (GDP) growth in these countries could be reduced by up to 6.9 percentage points in 2020 in the baseline scenario, and by up to 8 percentage points in the downside scenario. Even in countries that do not depend on resource exports, economic growth is expected to slow significantly. In the baseline and downside scenarios, growth will fall well below the regional average population growth rate of 2.7 percent, indicating that, in the absence of appropriate measures to mitigate its effects, the COVID-19 outbreak will severely impact the welfare of large numbers of individuals in the region.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough agriculture dominates an important position in the SSA economy, COVID-19 border closure will particularly affect the agricultural workers and informal unskilled workers due to rising prices and supply shortages. In many areas where food security is already threatened by the effects of climate change such as drought, conflicts, and desert locust emergency, it is feared that the weakening currencies and the rise in food prices will exacerbate the situation. Currently, there is sufficient food stocks\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;worldwide, the prices of other staples are starting to rise in countries that are experiencing currency depreciation, leading to increasing concerns over spikes in consumer prices and food crises. Disruptions in the food supply chain are beginning to hinder access to inputs and services and labor movement. Agricultural production is likely to contract between 2.6 percent in the optimistic scenario and 7 percent in the scenario with trade blockages.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Food imports are also projected to fall sharply (13% to 25%) due to higher transaction costs and shrinking domestic demand. The African food crisis associated with COVID-19 must be avoided at all costs through international collaboration.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the SSA region, the economic impact of COVID-19 is expected to spread through the following multiple channels. The first channel is due to the disruption of the trade and value chain, especially among countries that export goods (as the international prices of oil, minerals and metals collapse) and the countries with strong value chain participation (such as Ethiopia and Kenya). The second channel is reduced foreign financing flows such as foreign investment, assistance, remittances from overseas, a drop in tourism revenue, and capital flight ($1.75 billion in portfolio outflows experienced by South Africa in March). The third channel is the health channel, the direct impact of COVID-19 on economic activity due to the increase in the number of infected people and fatalities. The fourth channel is the disruption due to the containment and mitigation measures imposed by the governments and the response of the citizens.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report states that the policy makers in SSA countries should prioritize the protection of human life and livelihoods, and calls for short-term emergency assistance and medium-term restructuring measures including expansion of the health system, income compensation for workers, and capital injection into businesses. At the same time, in view of financial difficulties in the SSA countries and debt in the public sector, donor countries and organizations are requested to give financial support through COVID-19 related multilateral assistance and debt service stand still with official bilateral creditors.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe governments of SSA countries are taking this economic crisis seriously and seem to be responding rather swiftly. At the same time as implementing lockdown for initial containment, the presidents and ministers in countries such as Kenya and Rwanda take the lead in announcing their own salary cuts, and taking measures such as tax exemption for their citizens (Africanews, PMLdaily, The Star).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThrough the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), Japan has taken the position of strongly supporting development in Africa, the fastest-growing frontier of the 21st century, in cooperation with the public and private sectors. It is necessary to support Africa in the current economic crisis in cooperation with the international community. JIRCAS is implementing international joint research on stable food production in the SSA region as a flagship project. We will continue to work closely with our partners to gather information and contribute to the solution of the food crisis through agricultural research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfricanews. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.africanews.com/2020/04/07/african-officials-donate-salaries-to-covid-19-fight-rwanda-cabinet-joins-list/\u0022\u003EAfrican officials donate salaries to COVID-19 fight: Rwanda cabinet joins lis\u003C/a\u003Et. April 7, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECalderon, C et al. 2020. Africa\u0027s Pulse, No. 21, Spring 2020: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541\u0022\u003EAn Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa’s Economic Future\u003C/a\u003E. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPML daily. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/03/kenyatta-announces-100-tax-relief-for-workers-salary-cuts-for-govt-officials-in-fight-against-coronavirus.html  \u0022\u003ECOVID-19 CRISIS: Kenyatta announces 100% tax relief for workers, salary cuts for govt officials in Kenya\u003C/a\u003E. March 25, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Star. \u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://www.the-star.co.ke/business/kenya/2020-03-25-uhuru-ruto-take-80percent-pay-cut-in-wake-of-economic-crisis-caused-by-covid-19/\u0022\u003EUhuru, Ruto take 80% pay cut in wake of economic crisis caused by Covid-19\u003C/a\u003E. March 25, 2020. Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office), NAKASHIMA Kazuo (Stable Agricultural Production Program)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200409_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200409#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "14. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 世界銀行速報：サブサハラ・アフリカ25年ぶりの経済不況へ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "14. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Bulletin: The first recession in Sub-Saharan Africa in 25 years", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年4月8日、世界銀行 (World Bank) は、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) の影響により、サブサハラ・アフリカ (SSA)地域の経済成長率が2019年の+2.4％から2020年には-2.1～-5.1%のマイナス成長に転じるとし、25年ぶりの不況を予測しました。とりわけナイジェリア・南アフリカ・アンゴラなど石油・鉱物輸出依存国やエチオピアやケニアなどグローバル・フード・バリューチェーン参加国が大きな打撃を受ける一方、輸出・移動規制の影響等もあり、農業生産も2.6%～7％も縮小することが見込まれています。世界銀行は、SSA政府の支援を通じ、COVID-19に伴うアフリカ食料危機の発生を何としてでも回避する必要性を訴えました。アフリカ開発会議(TICAD)を通じ、アフリカを成長著しい21世紀最大のフロンティアとして官民一体で開発を力強く支援する立場をとってきた日本も、国際社会と協調していく必要があります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "2The World Bank announced on April 8, 2020 that due to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the economic growth rate in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is projected to decline from 2.4 percent in 2019 to -2.1 to -5.1 percent in 2020, the first recession in the region in 25 years. Countries that depend on oil and minerals exports such as Nigeria, South Africa and Angola, and countries with strong value chain participation such as Ethiopia and Kenya, will be particularly hit hard. In addition, exports and movement regulations will also affect the agricultural production and is expected to contract between 2.6 to 7%. The World Bank, with the support of the SSA governments, has called for the need to avoid the outbreak of an African food crisis associated with COVID-19. Through the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), Japan has taken the position of strongly supporting development in Africa, the fastest-growing frontier of the 21st century, in cooperation with the public and private sectors.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月8日、世界銀行 (World Bank) は、サブサハラ・アフリカ (SSA)地域における新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) の経済的影響の分析と政策対応についての報告書を公表しました (Calderon et al. 2020) 。COVID-19パンデミックの嵐が世界中で吹き荒れる中、SSA地域でも感染が次第に急激に広まりつつあります。2020年4月7日時点で、SSA地域48か国中45か国にて5,425人の感染者が報告されていますが、検査体制の不備を考慮すると実際の感染者数はもっと多いのではないかと考えられているようです。以下、報告書要旨から重点ポイントを抜粋します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESSA地域の経済成長率は、2019年の+2.4％から2020年には-2.1～-5.1%のマイナス成長に転じるとされ、25年ぶりの不況が予測されています。COVID-19パンデミック封じ込めの措置に加え、中国やヨーロッパなど主要貿易パートナー国での生産停止、商品価格の下落、観光業の低迷によるマクロ経済リスクにより、2020年に370億ドル～790億ドル相当の生産高の損失が見込まれています。コロナウイルス感染症は、ナイジェリア・南アフリカ・アンゴラという経済大国を筆頭に、とりわけ石油・鉱物輸出依存国に大きな打撃を与えています。2019年12月から2020年3月の間、石油価格は50%、工業用メタル価格は11％下落しました。シミュレーション・モデルによると、COVIDがなかった場合と比較して、成長率は石油輸出国で7％、メタル輸出国で8％以上下落することが予測されました。資源輸出に依存しない国でも経済成長は大幅に減速すると予想されています。楽観・悲観シナリオのいずれにおいても、経済成長率はSSA地域の平均人口増加率2.7%を下回り、多くの人々の生活に影響を及ぼすことが見込まれています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESSA経済では農業が重要な位置を占めていますが、COVID-19による国境封鎖や輸出規制は、価格上昇や供給不足を通じ、とりわけ農業労働者やインフォーマル部門の非熟練労働者をはじめとする貧困層の生活に打撃を与えます。干ばつ等の気候変動、紛争、バッタ被害などの影響により既に食料安全保障が脅かされている多くの地域において、通貨価値の下落と穀物価格の上昇はさらに状況を悪化させると懸念されています。現在、世界的に穀物備蓄は十分あるとされていますが、通貨価値の下落を経験している国において一部穀物価格は上昇し始めており、消費者価格の高騰(spikes)と食料危機の懸念が高まっています。フードサプライチェーンの規制により、肥料の調達や労働者移動などに支障をきたし始めています。農業生産は、楽観的なシナリオ下で2.6%、貿易規制シナリオの下では7％も縮小すると見込まれています。食料輸入も、取引費用の増加と内需縮小により、大幅に(13%から25%)下落すると予測されています。国際的な協調を通じ、COVID-19に伴うアフリカ食料危機の発生を何としてでも回避しなければなりません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESSA地域において、COVID-19の経済的影響は以下の複数の経路(チャネル)を通じて広がると考えられます。第一の経路は、貿易・バリューチェーンの分断によるもので、とりわけ商品輸出国(石油・ミネラル・メタル価格の暴落を通じ) と、グローバル・バリューチェーンへ大きく組み込まれている国(エチオピアやケニア) が影響を受けます。第二の経路は、外国投資・援助・海外からの送金・観光収入の下落や、資本逃避(3月に南アフリカが経験した17.5億ドルのポートフォリオ流出)など、外貨流入の減速によるものです。第三の経路は、COVID-19による感染者・死亡者増加による経済活動への打撃という直接的な影響です。第四の経路は、政府による封じ込め措置と市民の対応による社会活動の分断によるものです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書は、SSA諸国の政治家に対し、人命と生活の保護が優先されるべきとし、保健システム拡充、労働者への所得補償、ビジネスへの資本注入を含む、短期的な緊急援助策と中期的な再建策を講じる必要性を訴えています。同時に、ドナー諸国・機関に対し、SSA諸国の財政難と公的部門の負債を鑑みて、COVID-19対応のための多国籍支援(COVID-19 related multilateral assistance)や債権国による債務返済停止(a debt service stand still with official bilateral creditors)を通じ、SSA諸国への国際的な金融支援を要請しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESSA諸国の政府も、今回の経済危機を真剣に捉えており、驚くほどのスピード感で対応しているようです。初期の封じ込めのための都市封鎖を実施すると同時に、ケニアやルワンダ等の国では、大統領・閣僚が率先して自らの給与削減・一部返上を決め、国民に税金の免除等の措置を講じていると報道されています (africanews, PMLdaily, The Star) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日本は、アフリカ開発会議(TICAD)を通じ、アフリカを成長著しい21世紀最大のフロンティアとして、官民一体となって開発を力強く支援する立場をとってきました。この経済危機に関しても、国際社会と協調して支援を行っていく必要があります。国際農研は、SSA地域における食料安定生産を旗艦プロジェクトとして国際共同研究を行っていますが、今回の危機に関してもパートナーと密に情報収集につとめ、農業研究を通じた食料危機の解決への貢献を目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eafricanews. African officials donate salaries to COVID-19 fight: Rwanda cabinet joins list. April 7, 2020.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.africanews.com/2020/04/07/african-officials-donate-salaries-to-covid-19-fight-rwanda-cabinet-joins-list/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.africanews.com/2020/04/07/african-officials-donate-salaries-to-covid-19-fight-rwanda-cabinet-joins-list/\u003C/a\u003E　 \u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECalderon, C et al. 2020. Africa\u0027s Pulse, No. 21, Spring 2020: An Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa’s Economic Future. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541\u0022\u003Ehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541\u003C/a\u003E (なお、内容に関する本翻訳は、World Bankから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPML daily. COVID-19 CRISIS: Kenyatta announces 100% tax relief for workers, salary cuts for govt officials in Kenya. March 25, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/03/kenyatta-announces-100-tax-relief-for-workers-salary-cuts-for-govt-officials-in-fight-against-coronavirus.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/03/kenyatta-announces-100-tax-relief-for-workers-salary-cuts-for-govt-officials-in-fight-against-coronavirus.html\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Star. Uhuru, Ruto take 80% pay cut in wake of economic crisis caused by Covid-19. March 25, 2020. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.the-star.co.ke/business/kenya/2020-03-25-uhuru-ruto-take-80percent-pay-cut-in-wake-of-economic-crisis-caused-by-covid-19/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.the-star.co.ke/business/kenya/2020-03-25-uhuru-ruto-take-80percent-pay-cut-in-wake-of-economic-crisis-caused-by-covid-19/\u003C/a\u003E　　　Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき　・　農産物安定生産プログラム\u0026nbsp; 中島一雄）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 8, 2020, the World Bank published a report assessing the magnitude of the economic impact of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and policy response in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) (Calderon et al. 2020). As the COVID-19 pandemic sweeps across the globe, it is also spreading rapidly in SSA in recent weeks despite a late arrival. As of April 7, 2020, a total of 5,425 infected people were reported in 45 of the 48 countries in SSA, but the actual number of infected people is not higher due to limited testing capacity in many countries. The key messages of the report are summarized below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEconomic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to decline from 2.4 percent in 2019 to -2.1 to -5.1 percent in 2020, the first recession in the region in 25 years. In addition to COVID-19 pandemic containment measures, production suspension in major trading partners such as China and the euro area, falling commodity prices, and macroeconomic risks from the stagnation of tourism are expected to cost the region between $37 billion to $79 billion in terms of output losses for 2020. The COVID-19 shock is hitting the region’s three largest economies—Nigeria, South Africa, and Angola—in a context of persistently weak growth and investment, and declining commodity prices. The prices of oil industrial metals fell by 50% and 11%, respectively, from December 2019 to March 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EModel simulations suggest that, compared with a no-COVID base case, average real gross domestic product (GDP) growth in these countries could be reduced by up to 6.9 percentage points in 2020 in the baseline scenario, and by up to 8 percentage points in the downside scenario. Even in countries that do not depend on resource exports, economic growth is expected to slow significantly. In the baseline and downside scenarios, growth will fall well below the regional average population growth rate of 2.7 percent, indicating that, in the absence of appropriate measures to mitigate its effects, the COVID-19 outbreak will severely impact the welfare of large numbers of individuals in the region.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough agriculture dominates an important position in the SSA economy, COVID-19 border closure will particularly affect the agricultural workers and informal unskilled workers due to rising prices and supply shortages. In many areas where food security is already threatened by the effects of climate change such as drought, conflicts, and desert locust emergency, it is feared that the weakening currencies and the rise in food prices will exacerbate the situation. Currently, there is sufficient food stocks\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;worldwide, the prices of other staples are starting to rise in countries that are experiencing currency depreciation, leading to increasing concerns over spikes in consumer prices and food crises. Disruptions in the food supply chain are beginning to hinder access to inputs and services and labor movement. Agricultural production is likely to contract between 2.6 percent in the optimistic scenario and 7 percent in the scenario with trade blockages.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Food imports are also projected to fall sharply (13% to 25%) due to higher transaction costs and shrinking domestic demand. The African food crisis associated with COVID-19 must be avoided at all costs through international collaboration.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the SSA region, the economic impact of COVID-19 is expected to spread through the following multiple channels. The first channel is due to the disruption of the trade and value chain, especially among countries that export goods (as the international prices of oil, minerals and metals collapse) and the countries with strong value chain participation (such as Ethiopia and Kenya). The second channel is reduced foreign financing flows such as foreign investment, assistance, remittances from overseas, a drop in tourism revenue, and capital flight ($1.75 billion in portfolio outflows experienced by South Africa in March). The third channel is the health channel, the direct impact of COVID-19 on economic activity due to the increase in the number of infected people and fatalities. The fourth channel is the disruption due to the containment and mitigation measures imposed by the governments and the response of the citizens.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report states that the policy makers in SSA countries should prioritize the protection of human life and livelihoods, and calls for short-term emergency assistance and medium-term restructuring measures including expansion of the health system, income compensation for workers, and capital injection into businesses. At the same time, in view of financial difficulties in the SSA countries and debt in the public sector, donor countries and organizations are requested to give financial support through COVID-19 related multilateral assistance and debt service stand still with official bilateral creditors.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe governments of SSA countries are taking this economic crisis seriously and seem to be responding rather swiftly. At the same time as implementing lockdown for initial containment, the presidents and ministers in countries such as Kenya and Rwanda take the lead in announcing their own salary cuts, and taking measures such as tax exemption for their citizens (Africanews, PMLdaily, The Star).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThrough the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), Japan has taken the position of strongly supporting development in Africa, the fastest-growing frontier of the 21st century, in cooperation with the public and private sectors. It is necessary to support Africa in the current economic crisis in cooperation with the international community. JIRCAS is implementing international joint research on stable food production in the SSA region as a flagship project. We will continue to work closely with our partners to gather information and contribute to the solution of the food crisis through agricultural research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfricanews. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.africanews.com/2020/04/07/african-officials-donate-salaries-to-covid-19-fight-rwanda-cabinet-joins-list/\u0022\u003EAfrican officials donate salaries to COVID-19 fight: Rwanda cabinet joins lis\u003C/a\u003Et. April 7, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECalderon, C et al. 2020. Africa\u0027s Pulse, No. 21, Spring 2020: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541\u0022\u003EAn Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa’s Economic Future\u003C/a\u003E. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPML daily. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/03/kenyatta-announces-100-tax-relief-for-workers-salary-cuts-for-govt-officials-in-fight-against-coronavirus.html  \u0022\u003ECOVID-19 CRISIS: Kenyatta announces 100% tax relief for workers, salary cuts for govt officials in Kenya\u003C/a\u003E. March 25, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Star. \u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://www.the-star.co.ke/business/kenya/2020-03-25-uhuru-ruto-take-80percent-pay-cut-in-wake-of-economic-crisis-caused-by-covid-19/\u0022\u003EUhuru, Ruto take 80% pay cut in wake of economic crisis caused by Covid-19\u003C/a\u003E. March 25, 2020. Accessed on April 9, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributors: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office), NAKASHIMA Kazuo (Stable Agricultural Production Program)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200409_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200521_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "15. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Impact on World Trade and Developing Countries Dependent on Commodity Crop Export ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "15. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Impact on World Trade and Developing Countries Dependent on Commodity Crop Export ", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/kenya#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kenya", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ケニア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Kenya", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Cultivation of export commodity crops such as tea and coffee has become popular in developing countries located in the highlands of tropical and subtropical regions. Until recently, the flower and horticulture industry has also rapidly grown due to the establishment of air freight networks to major destinations, and is now integrated into the global value chain due to increased exports. The COVID-19 causes devasting economic crisis to developing countries that depend on commodity crop exports due to declining international demand and suspension of international flights. On April 8, 2020, the World Trade Organization (WTO) predicted a 13-32% drop in world trade volume in 2020, calling for unprecedented measures to protect people\u0027s lives and the need to pay close attention to the food security situation of food importing countries that rely on commodity crops for foreign currency acquisition, GDP, and job creation.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Cultivation of export commodity crops such as tea and coffee has become popular in developing countries located in the highlands of tropical and subtropical regions. Until recently, the flower and horticulture industry has also rapidly grown due to the establishment of air freight networks to major destinations, and is now integrated into the global value chain due to increased exports. The COVID-19 causes devasting economic crisis to developing countries that depend on commodity crop exports due to declining international demand and suspension of international flights. On April 8, 2020, the World Trade Organization (WTO) predicted a 13-32% drop in world trade volume in 2020, calling for unprecedented measures to protect people\u0027s lives and the need to pay close attention to the food security situation of food importing countries that rely on commodity crops for foreign currency acquisition, GDP, and job creation.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) started a “Flower-full Project” in March 2020 via its official YouTube channel as an initiative for enjoying spring flowers at home and at work to boost the consumption of flowers amidst a declining demand due to the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) (BUZZMAFF). The demand for cut flowers, including imported cut flowers such as roses, is supposed to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;peak in March for commemorative events such as graduation ceremonies in Japan. Kenya has been among the top exporters in the world\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and one of the top suppliers of imported roses in Japan (2015, 44.2%; Tokyo Customs) in recent years, yet the export demand was drastically reduced this year due the closure of auctions in Amsterdam and the suspension of international flights brought about by the lockdown in Europe, which became the epicenter of COVID-19 (Reuters).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs of 2015, domestic cut flowers accounted for about 80% and imports for about 20% at the Japanese cut flower market (Tokyo Customs). Cut flowers are originally produced in the Netherlands in large numbers, but in recent years, the highlands of tropical and subtropical regions, with longer hours of sunshine and large difference in day and night temperatures, which are suitable for flower production, are emerging as big suppliers. In Kenya, located in Africa just below the equator, the horticulture industry has been one of the fastest growing industries. It has become the third largest foreign currency earning industry after tourism and tea, creating more than 150,000 jobs. The establishment of supply chain via daily air freight flights to major destinations such as the Netherlands and the establishment of a large-scale production system in the Great Rift Valley region contributed to the supply of high-quality products throughout the year to export markets (Reuters, Embassy of the Republic of Kenya in Japan). This COVID-19 pandemic is hitting not only Kenya, which relies on the flower industry, but also tropical and subtropical regions, due to the drop in international demand and the suspension of international flights.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe flower and horticulture industry is not the only agricultural sector in developing countries that lost export markets due to the fallout in export demand. In Kenya, whose agricultural exports amounted to $ 3.7 billion in 2018, the largest source of foreign currency was tea ($1.9 billion), compared to $8.15 billion for flowers, especially in 2018 ($1.5 billion), accounting for 20% of the world\u0027s export (https://resourcetrade.earth/; Invest in Group). Kenya\u0027s tea industry is said to account for 4% of GDP and 26% of export income, and has generated employment across the chain from the production stage such as agricultural work and tea picking to wholesale trade and logistics (Invest in Group). It was then in late March 2020 when the East African Tea Trade Association announced an indefinite suspension of auctions at the Mombasa Tea Exchange, which handles tea from major regional producers such as Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda (The Exchange). It is said that the price fall did not stop as\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;there was an oversupply due to bumper harvest, while buyers did not show up at the auctions due to the closure of the borders under COVID-19. The closure of the market has forced some 600,000 small-scale farmers and plantation workers in East Africa to suspend their operations for some time (The Exchange).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn April 8, 2020, the World Trade Organization (WTO) predicted that world trade is expected to fall by between 13% and 32% in 2020 as the COVID 19 pandemic disrupts normal economic activity and life around the world. The COVID-19 pandemic can also have devastating effects in developing countries though their links to the global value chain, especially in those countries that strongly rely on commodity exports for foreign currency, GDP and job creation while relying on food imports, so that it is necessary to pay close attention to global developments potentially affecting food security (Pick Up 11, 14).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EInvest in Group. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://investingroup.org/data/93/kenya-tea-production-/\u0022\u003EKenya – Tea Production\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-kenya-flowers/kenyas-flower-exports-wither-as-demand-drops-amid-coronavirus-pandemic-idUSL8N2BA7M8\u0022\u003EKenya\u0027s flower exports wither as demand drops amid coronavirus pandemic. March 20, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Exchange. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://theexchange.africa/industry-and-trade/panic-as-coronavirus-forces-africas-largest-tea-auction-shut/\u0022\u003EPanic as coronavirus forces Africa’s largest tea auction shut. March 25, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWTO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres20_e/pr855_e.htm\u0022\u003ETrade set to plunge as COVID-19 pandemic upends global economy. April 8, 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKyodo News Site. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://this.kiji.is/621607880790426721?c=113147194022725109\u0022\u003EWHO、感染拡大で食料危機懸念　物流寸断や輸出規制に警告\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBUZZMAFF \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mlky1vJI0EY\u0022\u003EYouTube Video March 12, 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;(In Japanese)　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEmbassy of Republic of Kenya in Jpan. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.kenyarep-jp.com/business/flower_e.html\u0022\u003EThe Flower Industry in Kenya\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan Customs.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.customs.go.jp/tokyo/content/toku2802.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.customs.go.jp/tokyo/content/toku2802.pdf\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 14. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Bulletin: The first recession in Sub-Saharan Africa in 25 years\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) started a “Flower-full Project” in March 2020 via its official YouTube channel as an initiative for enjoying spring flowers at home and at work to boost the consumption of flowers amidst a declining demand due to the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) (BUZZMAFF). The demand for cut flowers, including imported cut flowers such as roses, is supposed to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;peak in March for commemorative events such as graduation ceremonies in Japan. Kenya has been among the top exporters in the world\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and one of the top suppliers of imported roses in Japan (2015, 44.2%; Tokyo Customs) in recent years, yet the export demand was drastically reduced this year due the closure of auctions in Amsterdam and the suspension of international flights brought about by the lockdown in Europe, which became the epicenter of COVID-19 (Reuters).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs of 2015, domestic cut flowers accounted for about 80% and imports for about 20% at the Japanese cut flower market (Tokyo Customs). Cut flowers are originally produced in the Netherlands in large numbers, but in recent years, the highlands of tropical and subtropical regions, with longer hours of sunshine and large difference in day and night temperatures, which are suitable for flower production, are emerging as big suppliers. In Kenya, located in Africa just below the equator, the horticulture industry has been one of the fastest growing industries. It has become the third largest foreign currency earning industry after tourism and tea, creating more than 150,000 jobs. The establishment of supply chain via daily air freight flights to major destinations such as the Netherlands and the establishment of a large-scale production system in the Great Rift Valley region contributed to the supply of high-quality products throughout the year to export markets (Reuters, Embassy of the Republic of Kenya in Japan). This COVID-19 pandemic is hitting not only Kenya, which relies on the flower industry, but also tropical and subtropical regions, due to the drop in international demand and the suspension of international flights.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe flower and horticulture industry is not the only agricultural sector in developing countries that lost export markets due to the fallout in export demand. In Kenya, whose agricultural exports amounted to $ 3.7 billion in 2018, the largest source of foreign currency was tea ($1.9 billion), compared to $8.15 billion for flowers, especially in 2018 ($1.5 billion), accounting for 20% of the world\u0027s export (https://resourcetrade.earth/; Invest in Group). Kenya\u0027s tea industry is said to account for 4% of GDP and 26% of export income, and has generated employment across the chain from the production stage such as agricultural work and tea picking to wholesale trade and logistics (Invest in Group). It was then in late March 2020 when the East African Tea Trade Association announced an indefinite suspension of auctions at the Mombasa Tea Exchange, which handles tea from major regional producers such as Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda (The Exchange). It is said that the price fall did not stop as\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;there was an oversupply due to bumper harvest, while buyers did not show up at the auctions due to the closure of the borders under COVID-19. The closure of the market has forced some 600,000 small-scale farmers and plantation workers in East Africa to suspend their operations for some time (The Exchange).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn April 8, 2020, the World Trade Organization (WTO) predicted that world trade is expected to fall by between 13% and 32% in 2020 as the COVID 19 pandemic disrupts normal economic activity and life around the world. The COVID-19 pandemic can also have devastating effects in developing countries though their links to the global value chain, especially in those countries that strongly rely on commodity exports for foreign currency, GDP and job creation while relying on food imports, so that it is necessary to pay close attention to global developments potentially affecting food security (Pick Up 11, 14).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EInvest in Group. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://investingroup.org/data/93/kenya-tea-production-/\u0022\u003EKenya – Tea Production\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-kenya-flowers/kenyas-flower-exports-wither-as-demand-drops-amid-coronavirus-pandemic-idUSL8N2BA7M8\u0022\u003EKenya\u0027s flower exports wither as demand drops amid coronavirus pandemic. March 20, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Exchange. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://theexchange.africa/industry-and-trade/panic-as-coronavirus-forces-africas-largest-tea-auction-shut/\u0022\u003EPanic as coronavirus forces Africa’s largest tea auction shut. March 25, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWTO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres20_e/pr855_e.htm\u0022\u003ETrade set to plunge as COVID-19 pandemic upends global economy. April 8, 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKyodo News Site. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://this.kiji.is/621607880790426721?c=113147194022725109\u0022\u003EWHO、感染拡大で食料危機懸念　物流寸断や輸出規制に警告\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBUZZMAFF \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mlky1vJI0EY\u0022\u003EYouTube Video March 12, 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;(In Japanese)　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEmbassy of Republic of Kenya in Jpan. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.kenyarep-jp.com/business/flower_e.html\u0022\u003EThe Flower Industry in Kenya\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan Customs.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.customs.go.jp/tokyo/content/toku2802.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.customs.go.jp/tokyo/content/toku2802.pdf\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 14. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Bulletin: The first recession in Sub-Saharan Africa in 25 years\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200412#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "15. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―世界貿易減少と商品作物輸出依存途上国への影響", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "15. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Impact on World Trade and Developing Countries Dependent on Commodity Crop Export ", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/kenya#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Kenya", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "ケニア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Kenya", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "熱帯・亜熱帯地域の高地に位置する途上国では、従来、茶・コーヒーなどの輸出商品作物栽培がさかんですが、最近では主要仕向け地への航空貨物ネットワークの確立により、花卉・園芸産業も急激に輸出を伸ばし、グローバル・バリューチェーンに大きく組み込まれています。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックは、国際需要の落ち込みと国際線停止によって、商品作物輸出に依存する途上国に大打撃を与えています。2020年4月8日、世界貿易機関 (WTO)は、2020年の世界貿易量が13－32％落ち込むことを予測、人々の生活を守るために前例のない措置をとる必要性を訴えました。とりわけ商品作物に外貨獲得・GDP・雇用創出を依存する食料輸入国の食料安全保障状況について注視していく必要があります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Cultivation of export commodity crops such as tea and coffee has become popular in developing countries located in the highlands of tropical and subtropical regions. Until recently, the flower and horticulture industry has also rapidly grown due to the establishment of air freight networks to major destinations, and is now integrated into the global value chain due to increased exports. The COVID-19 causes devasting economic crisis to developing countries that depend on commodity crop exports due to declining international demand and suspension of international flights. On April 8, 2020, the World Trade Organization (WTO) predicted a 13-32% drop in world trade volume in 2020, calling for unprecedented measures to protect people\u0027s lives and the need to pay close attention to the food security situation of food importing countries that rely on commodity crops for foreign currency acquisition, GDP, and job creation.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年3月、農林水産省が公式Youtubeにて、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) の影響で需要が低下している花の消費拡大を図るため、家庭や職場に春の花を飾って楽しむ「花いっぱいプロジェクト」を始めたことが話題となりました（BUZZMAFF）。3月は卒業式などの記念行事により、日本ではバラなどの輸入切花も含め一年で最も切花の需要が高くなるはずでした。ちなみに、近年、日本の輸入バラの取引先の第一位であるケニア (2015年、44.2%; 東京税関）ですが、2020年3月、COVID-19の震源地であった欧州での都市封鎖(ロックダウン)により需要が激減し、オランダのオークション閉鎖と国際線の停止の煽りを受けています (Reuters)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2015年時点、日本の切花市場では、国内産が8割、輸入が2割程度でした（東京税関）。切花生産はもともとオランダが多かったのですが、本来日照時間が長く昼夜の寒暖差の大きい熱帯・亜熱帯地域の高地が適しており、近年では南米、アフリカ、アジアの赤道付近高地で大規模生産が行われるようになっています。アフリカの赤道直下に位置するケニアにおいては、園芸産業は経済全体で最も成長の速い産業の1つに成長し、観光と茶に次いで3番目に大きな外貨獲得産業で、主に女性を中心に約15万人の雇用を創出していると言われています。輸出の伸びには、大地溝帯地域などでの大規模生産体制の確立と、オランダなど主要な仕向け地への毎日の航空貨物便により1年を通じて品質の良い製品を供給することも寄与しました(Reuters, 駐日ケニア共和国大使館)。今回のCOVID-19パンデミックは、国際需要の落ち込みと国際線停止によって、花卉産業に依存するケニアのみならず熱帯・亜熱帯地域諸国に打撃を与えています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際線の停止によって輸出市場を失った途上国の農産物部門は花卉園芸産業だけではありません。ケニアに関しては、2018年の農産物輸出額が37億ドルありましたが、花卉8.15憶ドルに対し、最大の外貨獲得源は茶(19憶ドル)であり、とくに2018年は中国(15憶ドル)を押さえて世界一、世界取引量(79憶ドル)の2割の輸出実績がありました(\u003Ca href=\u0022https://resourcetrade.earth/\u0022\u003Ehttps://resourcetrade.earth/\u003C/a\u003E; Invest in Group)。ケニアの茶産業はGDP4％、輸出収入26％に相当するとされ、農作業・茶摘みなど生産段階から、卸業・物流にわたり、多くの雇用を生んできました(Invest in Group)。しかし2020年3月下旬、東アフリカ茶貿易協会は、ケニア・ルワンダ・ウガンダなどの地域主要生産国の茶を取り扱うモンバサ茶取引所における競売を無期限で停止することをアナウンスしました (The Exchange) 。豊作で供給過剰であったところに、COVID-19の影響を受けた国境封鎖等により買付業者が現れず、価格の暴落が止まらないことが背景にあったとされています。この市場閉鎖により、東アフリカ地域における約60万人の小規模農家やプランテーション労働者がしばらく活動停止を余儀なくされるといいます\u0026nbsp;(The Exchange) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月8日、世界貿易機関 (WTO)は、COVID-19パンデミックが世界中の経済活動を停滞・停止させることで、2020年の世界貿易量が13－32％落ち込むことを予測、人々の生活を守るために前例のない措置をとる必要性を訴えました。COVID-19パンデミックはグローバル・バリューチェーンに組み込まれた開発途上国でも破壊的影響をもたらし得ますが、とりわけ食料輸入に依存しながら外貨獲得・GDP・雇用創出を商品作物輸出に頼っている国々の食料安全保障事情について注視していく必要があります（Pick Up 11, 14）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EInvest in Group. Kenya – Tea Production.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://investingroup.org/data/93/kenya-tea-production-/\u0022\u003Ehttps://investingroup.org/data/93/kenya-tea-production-/\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters. Kenya\u0027s flower exports wither as demand drops amid coronavirus pandemic. March 20, 2020.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-kenya-flowers/kenyas-flower-exports-wither-as-demand-drops-amid-coronavirus-pandemic-idUSL8N2BA7M8\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-kenya-flowers/kenyas-flower-exports-wither-as-demand-drops-amid-coronavirus-pandemic-idUSL8N2BA7M8\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Exchange. Panic as coronavirus forces Africa’s largest tea auction shut. March 25, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://theexchange.africa/industry-and-trade/panic-as-coronavirus-forces-africas-largest-tea-auction-shut/\u0022\u003Ehttps://theexchange.africa/industry-and-trade/panic-as-coronavirus-forces-africas-largest-tea-auction-shut/\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWTO. Trade set to plunge as COVID-19 pandemic upends global economy. April 8, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres20_e/pr855_e.htm\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres20_e/pr855_e.htm\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E共同通信 「WHO、感染拡大で食料危機懸念　物流寸断や輸出規制に警告」2020.4.11. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://this.kiji.is/621607880790426721?c=113147194022725109\u0022\u003Ehttps://this.kiji.is/621607880790426721?c=113147194022725109\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBUZZMAFF農水省から皆様へのお知らせ March 12, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mlky1vJI0EY\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mlky1vJI0EY\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E駐日ケニア共和国大使館 \u0026nbsp;切り花産業　\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.kenyarep-jp.com/business/flower_j.html\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.kenyarep-jp.com/business/flower_j.html\u003C/a\u003E　　Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E東京税関 切花の輸入 平成28年3月17日　 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.customs.go.jp/tokyo/content/toku2802.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.customs.go.jp/tokyo/content/toku2802.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 国際貿易と食料安全保障. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 14. 新型コロナウィルス・パンデミック ― 世界銀行速報：サブサハラ・アフリカ25年ぶりの経済不況へ. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) started a “Flower-full Project” in March 2020 via its official YouTube channel as an initiative for enjoying spring flowers at home and at work to boost the consumption of flowers amidst a declining demand due to the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) (BUZZMAFF). The demand for cut flowers, including imported cut flowers such as roses, is supposed to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;peak in March for commemorative events such as graduation ceremonies in Japan. Kenya has been among the top exporters in the world\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and one of the top suppliers of imported roses in Japan (2015, 44.2%; Tokyo Customs) in recent years, yet the export demand was drastically reduced this year due the closure of auctions in Amsterdam and the suspension of international flights brought about by the lockdown in Europe, which became the epicenter of COVID-19 (Reuters).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs of 2015, domestic cut flowers accounted for about 80% and imports for about 20% at the Japanese cut flower market (Tokyo Customs). Cut flowers are originally produced in the Netherlands in large numbers, but in recent years, the highlands of tropical and subtropical regions, with longer hours of sunshine and large difference in day and night temperatures, which are suitable for flower production, are emerging as big suppliers. In Kenya, located in Africa just below the equator, the horticulture industry has been one of the fastest growing industries. It has become the third largest foreign currency earning industry after tourism and tea, creating more than 150,000 jobs. The establishment of supply chain via daily air freight flights to major destinations such as the Netherlands and the establishment of a large-scale production system in the Great Rift Valley region contributed to the supply of high-quality products throughout the year to export markets (Reuters, Embassy of the Republic of Kenya in Japan). This COVID-19 pandemic is hitting not only Kenya, which relies on the flower industry, but also tropical and subtropical regions, due to the drop in international demand and the suspension of international flights.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe flower and horticulture industry is not the only agricultural sector in developing countries that lost export markets due to the fallout in export demand. In Kenya, whose agricultural exports amounted to $ 3.7 billion in 2018, the largest source of foreign currency was tea ($1.9 billion), compared to $8.15 billion for flowers, especially in 2018 ($1.5 billion), accounting for 20% of the world\u0027s export (https://resourcetrade.earth/; Invest in Group). Kenya\u0027s tea industry is said to account for 4% of GDP and 26% of export income, and has generated employment across the chain from the production stage such as agricultural work and tea picking to wholesale trade and logistics (Invest in Group). It was then in late March 2020 when the East African Tea Trade Association announced an indefinite suspension of auctions at the Mombasa Tea Exchange, which handles tea from major regional producers such as Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda (The Exchange). It is said that the price fall did not stop as\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;there was an oversupply due to bumper harvest, while buyers did not show up at the auctions due to the closure of the borders under COVID-19. The closure of the market has forced some 600,000 small-scale farmers and plantation workers in East Africa to suspend their operations for some time (The Exchange).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn April 8, 2020, the World Trade Organization (WTO) predicted that world trade is expected to fall by between 13% and 32% in 2020 as the COVID 19 pandemic disrupts normal economic activity and life around the world. The COVID-19 pandemic can also have devastating effects in developing countries though their links to the global value chain, especially in those countries that strongly rely on commodity exports for foreign currency, GDP and job creation while relying on food imports, so that it is necessary to pay close attention to global developments potentially affecting food security (Pick Up 11, 14).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EInvest in Group. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://investingroup.org/data/93/kenya-tea-production-/\u0022\u003EKenya – Tea Production\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-kenya-flowers/kenyas-flower-exports-wither-as-demand-drops-amid-coronavirus-pandemic-idUSL8N2BA7M8\u0022\u003EKenya\u0027s flower exports wither as demand drops amid coronavirus pandemic. March 20, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Exchange. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://theexchange.africa/industry-and-trade/panic-as-coronavirus-forces-africas-largest-tea-auction-shut/\u0022\u003EPanic as coronavirus forces Africa’s largest tea auction shut. March 25, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWTO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres20_e/pr855_e.htm\u0022\u003ETrade set to plunge as COVID-19 pandemic upends global economy. April 8, 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKyodo News Site. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://this.kiji.is/621607880790426721?c=113147194022725109\u0022\u003EWHO、感染拡大で食料危機懸念　物流寸断や輸出規制に警告\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBUZZMAFF \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mlky1vJI0EY\u0022\u003EYouTube Video March 12, 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;(In Japanese)　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEmbassy of Republic of Kenya in Jpan. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.kenyarep-jp.com/business/flower_e.html\u0022\u003EThe Flower Industry in Kenya\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan Customs.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.customs.go.jp/tokyo/content/toku2802.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.customs.go.jp/tokyo/content/toku2802.pdf\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 14. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Bulletin: The first recession in Sub-Saharan Africa in 25 years\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200412_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200519#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "16. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Significantly Slow Growth in Developing Countries in the Asia-Pacific Region", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "16. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Significantly Slow Growth in Developing Countries in the Asia-Pacific Region", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/asia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": null, "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アジア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Asia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Bank has released an analysis showing that the economic growth rate of developing countries in the Asia-Pacific (EAP) region will slow down significantly from + 5.8% in 2019 to + 2.1 ~ 0.5% in 2020 due to the new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19). While tourism related services are expected to be the most severely affected, agricultural output is also projected to fall by around 3%. In addition, due to the high percentage of farmers in many countries in the EAP region, there are serious concerns that the income and health of small-scale farmers who have difficulty accessing public social security will be significantly affected. The World Bank is calling for bold national action and the need for deeper international cooperation.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Bank has released an analysis showing that the economic growth rate of developing countries in the Asia-Pacific (EAP) region will slow down significantly from + 5.8% in 2019 to + 2.1 ~ 0.5% in 2020 due to the new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19). While tourism related services are expected to be the most severely affected, agricultural output is also projected to fall by around 3%. In addition, due to the high percentage of farmers in many countries in the EAP region, there are serious concerns that the income and health of small-scale farmers who have difficulty accessing public social security will be significantly affected. The World Bank is calling for bold national action and the need for deeper international cooperation.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank in East Asia and the Pacific (EAP) publishes regional economic reports twice a year. With the outbreak of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at the end of 2019 and declaration of a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 30, 2020, the report focused on analysis of the economic impact on the EAP region (World Bank 2020). In this article, we summarized the report of the World Bank by paying attention to scenarios of COVID-19 and its impact on agriculture.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the countries of the EAP region are closely linked and interact with the world economy through trade and investment, it is not easy to purely capture the economic impact of COVID-19. Therefore, the World Bank evaluates the impact of COVID-19 by conducting a simulation analysis using an applied general equilibrium model (CGE) called ENVISAGE, assuming two scenarios.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first of the two scenarios, “baseline scenario” assumes that COVID-19 will have a large impact in China, but the impact will be limited in all other countries and that the economy will recover rapidly. The second scenario, \u0022lower-case scenario\u0022, assumes that all countries will be significantly affected by COVID-19 for a long time. The shocks from these scenarios include the following: (1) 3% drop in employment in all industries; (2) 25% increase in trade costs for all imports and exports; (3) a sharp decrease in international tourism (in the model, consumption tax for international tourism-related services is increased by 50%); and (4)15% decrease in demand for services which require close human interaction such as mass transport, domestic tourism, restaurants, recreational activities and increase in demand for other industries. “Large impact” here means receiving all four shocks simultaneously whereas “limited impact” refers to half of all shocks.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the simulation analysis, the GDP growth rate of developing countries in the EAP region, which was 5.8% in 2019, was significantly slowed down to 2.1% in the baseline scenario and to -0.5% in the lower-case scenario in 2020. Looking at the impact of COVID-19 on the EAP region by industry, it is believed that the tourism-related service industry will be the most severely affected. In the lower-case scenario, it is predicted that outputs of service industries relating the domestic and overseas tourism will fall by around 10% compared to the case without COVID-19. In particular, it is considered that the impact is large in Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Pacific Islands, Philippines, and Thailand, where tourism income accounts for a large proportion of GDP.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, the impact on agricultural output is estimated to be relatively small at -3.1% in China in the lower-case scenario and -2.7% in other developing countries in the EAP region. But it must be noted that COVID-19 can have a particularly serious impact on agricultural workers and informal sector workers, which are often found in developing countries in the EAP region. Employment in agriculture account for more than 30% of all workers in Thailand, Indonesia and Vietnam, over 50% in Myanmar and Timor-Leste, and over 60% in Laos and Melanesia (Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu). Smallholders, which are likely to be more abundant in the agricultural sector, generally have less access to public social security. If faced with a declining demand for produce and without immediate income compensation and social protection, their income could decline significantly. It is also pointed out that if these people cannot get leave compensation, they will have to continue working even if they are infected with COVID-19, which could endanger not only their own health but also those around them.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank derives the following six policy recommendations from a series of analyses including the above simulations: (1) Adjustment of health policies (control of rapid increase in infected population) and macroeconomic policies (control of rapid economic slowdown); (2) Enhancement of health capacity; (3) Restructuring of fiscal and monetary policy (support such as cash and in-kind payment for people who are economically vulnerable, and expansionary macroeconomic policy and employment support during the economic recovery period); (4) Improving access to household credit and improving liquidity of companies;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;(5) Maintain an open trade policy; and (6) Support for the region’s governments by international organizations (promotion of public-private partnerships to expand the supply of pharmaceuticals etc.). In the words of the chief economist for EAP at the World Bank, \u0022in addition to bold national actions, deeper international cooperation is the most effective vaccine against this virulent threat\u0022.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS follows the trends in the value chains of the agricultural and food industries in Asian countries (Kusano 2019), and implements a flagship project to form food value chains based on underused resources and traditional foods with high added value, and aim to contribute in improving the livelihoods of agricultural and food producers in the region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKusano E. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.eria.org/publications/overview-of-agri-food-industries-in-asean-basic-information-on-the-food-value-chain/\u0022\u003EOverview of Agri-food Industries in ASEAN: Basic Information on the Food Value Chain\u003C/a\u003E. ERIA Research Project Report 2018, 12.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33477\u0022\u003EWorld Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update, April 2020: East Asia and Pacific in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. Washington, DC: World Bank.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor：KUSANO Eiichi (Social Sciences Division)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank in East Asia and the Pacific (EAP) publishes regional economic reports twice a year. With the outbreak of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at the end of 2019 and declaration of a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 30, 2020, the report focused on analysis of the economic impact on the EAP region (World Bank 2020). In this article, we summarized the report of the World Bank by paying attention to scenarios of COVID-19 and its impact on agriculture.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the countries of the EAP region are closely linked and interact with the world economy through trade and investment, it is not easy to purely capture the economic impact of COVID-19. Therefore, the World Bank evaluates the impact of COVID-19 by conducting a simulation analysis using an applied general equilibrium model (CGE) called ENVISAGE, assuming two scenarios.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first of the two scenarios, “baseline scenario” assumes that COVID-19 will have a large impact in China, but the impact will be limited in all other countries and that the economy will recover rapidly. The second scenario, \u0022lower-case scenario\u0022, assumes that all countries will be significantly affected by COVID-19 for a long time. The shocks from these scenarios include the following: (1) 3% drop in employment in all industries; (2) 25% increase in trade costs for all imports and exports; (3) a sharp decrease in international tourism (in the model, consumption tax for international tourism-related services is increased by 50%); and (4)15% decrease in demand for services which require close human interaction such as mass transport, domestic tourism, restaurants, recreational activities and increase in demand for other industries. “Large impact” here means receiving all four shocks simultaneously whereas “limited impact” refers to half of all shocks.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the simulation analysis, the GDP growth rate of developing countries in the EAP region, which was 5.8% in 2019, was significantly slowed down to 2.1% in the baseline scenario and to -0.5% in the lower-case scenario in 2020. Looking at the impact of COVID-19 on the EAP region by industry, it is believed that the tourism-related service industry will be the most severely affected. In the lower-case scenario, it is predicted that outputs of service industries relating the domestic and overseas tourism will fall by around 10% compared to the case without COVID-19. In particular, it is considered that the impact is large in Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Pacific Islands, Philippines, and Thailand, where tourism income accounts for a large proportion of GDP.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, the impact on agricultural output is estimated to be relatively small at -3.1% in China in the lower-case scenario and -2.7% in other developing countries in the EAP region. But it must be noted that COVID-19 can have a particularly serious impact on agricultural workers and informal sector workers, which are often found in developing countries in the EAP region. Employment in agriculture account for more than 30% of all workers in Thailand, Indonesia and Vietnam, over 50% in Myanmar and Timor-Leste, and over 60% in Laos and Melanesia (Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu). Smallholders, which are likely to be more abundant in the agricultural sector, generally have less access to public social security. If faced with a declining demand for produce and without immediate income compensation and social protection, their income could decline significantly. It is also pointed out that if these people cannot get leave compensation, they will have to continue working even if they are infected with COVID-19, which could endanger not only their own health but also those around them.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank derives the following six policy recommendations from a series of analyses including the above simulations: (1) Adjustment of health policies (control of rapid increase in infected population) and macroeconomic policies (control of rapid economic slowdown); (2) Enhancement of health capacity; (3) Restructuring of fiscal and monetary policy (support such as cash and in-kind payment for people who are economically vulnerable, and expansionary macroeconomic policy and employment support during the economic recovery period); (4) Improving access to household credit and improving liquidity of companies;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;(5) Maintain an open trade policy; and (6) Support for the region’s governments by international organizations (promotion of public-private partnerships to expand the supply of pharmaceuticals etc.). In the words of the chief economist for EAP at the World Bank, \u0022in addition to bold national actions, deeper international cooperation is the most effective vaccine against this virulent threat\u0022.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS follows the trends in the value chains of the agricultural and food industries in Asian countries (Kusano 2019), and implements a flagship project to form food value chains based on underused resources and traditional foods with high added value, and aim to contribute in improving the livelihoods of agricultural and food producers in the region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKusano E. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.eria.org/publications/overview-of-agri-food-industries-in-asean-basic-information-on-the-food-value-chain/\u0022\u003EOverview of Agri-food Industries in ASEAN: Basic Information on the Food Value Chain\u003C/a\u003E. ERIA Research Project Report 2018, 12.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33477\u0022\u003EWorld Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update, April 2020: East Asia and Pacific in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. Washington, DC: World Bank.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor：KUSANO Eiichi (Social Sciences Division)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200414#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "16. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 世界銀行速報：アジア太平洋地域の開発途上国　大幅な成長鈍化の可能性", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "16. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Significantly Slow Growth in Developing Countries in the Asia-Pacific Region", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/asia#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": null, "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アジア", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Asia", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界銀行 (World Bank)は、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19)により、アジア太平洋（EAP）地域の開発途上国の経済成長率が2019年の+5.8%から2020年には+2.1～-0.5%と大幅に鈍化するという分析結果を公表しました。観光に関わるサービス業が最も深刻な影響を受けると見られる一方、農業生産額も3%前後減少すると予測されています。また、EAP地域には農業従事者割合が高い国が多く存在するため、公的な社会保障へのアクセスが困難な小規模農家の所得や健康に大きな影響が及ぶといった問題が危惧されています。世界銀行は、各国の大胆な国家的行動とより深い国際協力の必要性を訴えています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Bank has released an analysis showing that the economic growth rate of developing countries in the Asia-Pacific (EAP) region will slow down significantly from + 5.8% in 2019 to + 2.1 ~ 0.5% in 2020 due to the new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19). While tourism related services are expected to be the most severely affected, agricultural output is also projected to fall by around 3%. In addition, due to the high percentage of farmers in many countries in the EAP region, there are serious concerns that the income and health of small-scale farmers who have difficulty accessing public social security will be significantly affected. The World Bank is calling for bold national action and the need for deeper international cooperation.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界銀行 (World Bank) のアジア大洋州（East Asia and the Pacific: EAP）地域総局は、年に２回、域内の経済報告書を発表しています。2020年3月30日に公表された報告書では、2019年末に中国での発生が報告され、今年３月には世界保健機関(WHO)によりパンデミックであると表明された新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19)が、EAP地域に及ぼす経済的影響の分析に多くのページが割かれています（World Bank 2020）。COVID-19の影響分析を、世界銀行が想定するシナリオと農業への影響に注意しつつ整理しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEAP地域の国々は貿易と投資によって世界経済と密接に結びつき相互に作用しているため、COVID-19の経済への影響を純粋に捕捉することは容易ではありません。そこで、世界銀行は２つのシナリオを想定した上で、ENVISAGEと呼ばれる応用一般均衡モデル（CGE）によるシミュレーション分析を行うことで、COVID-19の影響評価を行っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E２つのシナリオのうちの１つ目、「基礎シナリオ」は、中国ではCOVID-19の影響が大きいものの、その他の全ての国では影響は限定的で、経済は急速に回復すると想定したものです。２つ目の「低位シナリオ」は、全ての国が長期間COVID-19の大きな影響を受けるという状況を想定しています。「影響が大きい」とは、以下の４つのショックを同時に受けている状態を意味します：①全産業での雇用の3％減少。②全ての輸出入にかかる貿易コストの25％増加。③国際観光の急激な減少（モデルでは観光関連サービスの消費税50％上昇という形で処理）。④人との密接な接触が必要な大量輸送、観光、飲食、娯楽活動等の需要の15％減少と、減少分の他産業の需要増加。一方、「影響が限定的」とは、これらの半分の大きさのショックを受けることを意味します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eシミュレーション分析からは、2019年に5.8％だったEAP地域の発展途上国の経済成長率は、2020年には「基礎シナリオ」の下で2.1％、「低位シナリオ」では-0.5％と大幅に鈍化するという結果が得られています。産業別にCOVID-19のEAP地域への影響を見ると、観光に関わるサービス業が最も深刻な影響を受けると見られています。「低位シナリオ」では、COVID-19が無い場合と比較して、国内外の観光に関わるサービス業の生産額が10%前後低下する国が多いと予測されています。特に、観光収入がGDPに占める割合が大きいカンボジアやラオス、マレーシア、太平洋諸島、フィリピン、タイでその影響が大きいと考えられています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一方、農業生産額への影響は、「低位シナリオ」下の中国で-3.1%、EAP地域のその他の開発途上国では-2.7%と比較的小さいと見られていますが、１つ注意すべき点があります。それは、COVID-19は、EAP地域の開発途上国に多く存在する農業従事者やインフォーマルセクターの労働者に、特に深刻な影響を及ぼし得るということです。農業従事者が全労働者に占める割合は、タイやインドネシア、ベトナムでも30％を超えており、ミャンマーや東ティモールでは50％超、ラオスやメラネシアの国々（パプアニューギニア、ソロモン諸島、バヌアツ）では60％超に至ります。農業部門に多く存在すると考えられる小規模農家は、一般的に公的な社会保障へのアクセスが困難な状況にあります。農産物需要の減少に直面した際に、直ちに所得補償や社会的保護を受けられなければ、これらの人々の所得は大幅に減少する可能性があります。また、これらの人々が休業補償を得られなければ、COVID-19に感染しても働き続けなければならならず、自身のみならず周囲の人々の健康も危険にさらし得ると指摘されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界銀行は、上述のシミュレーションを含む一連の分析から、以下の６つの政策提言を導き出しています：①保健政策（感染者数急増の抑制）とマクロ経済政策（急激な景気減速の抑制）の調整。②保険医療能力の増強。③財政・金融政策の再構築（現金や現物支給など経済的に脆弱な人々への支援や、景気回復期の拡張的なマクロ経済政策や雇用支援）。④家計の信用へのアクセス改善と、企業の流動性へのアクセス改善。⑤開放的な貿易政策の維持。⑥国際機関による地域政府の支援（医薬品の供給拡大のための官民連携の推進等）。そして、「大胆な国家的行動に加えて、より深い国際協力が、この深刻な脅威に対する最も効果的なワクチンであることを認識しなければならない」とまとめています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、アジア諸国の農業・食品産業のバリューチェーンの動向を追うとともに（Kusano 2019）、低利用資源や伝統食品の高付加価値化を通したフードバリューチェーン形成のための旗艦プロジェクトを実施し、同地域の農業・食品生産者の生計向上に寄与することを目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKusano E. 2019. Overview of Agri-food Industries in ASEAN: Basic Information on the Food Value Chain. ERIA Research Project Report 2018, 12. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.eria.org/publications/overview-of-agri-food-industries-in-asean-basic-information-on-the-food-value-chain/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.eria.org/publications/overview-of-agri-food-industries-in-asean-basic-information-on-the-food-value-chain/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. 2020. World Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update, April 2020: East Asia and Pacific in the Time of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33477 (内容に関する本翻訳は、World Bankから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：社会科学領域　草野栄一）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank in East Asia and the Pacific (EAP) publishes regional economic reports twice a year. With the outbreak of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at the end of 2019 and declaration of a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 30, 2020, the report focused on analysis of the economic impact on the EAP region (World Bank 2020). In this article, we summarized the report of the World Bank by paying attention to scenarios of COVID-19 and its impact on agriculture.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the countries of the EAP region are closely linked and interact with the world economy through trade and investment, it is not easy to purely capture the economic impact of COVID-19. Therefore, the World Bank evaluates the impact of COVID-19 by conducting a simulation analysis using an applied general equilibrium model (CGE) called ENVISAGE, assuming two scenarios.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first of the two scenarios, “baseline scenario” assumes that COVID-19 will have a large impact in China, but the impact will be limited in all other countries and that the economy will recover rapidly. The second scenario, \u0022lower-case scenario\u0022, assumes that all countries will be significantly affected by COVID-19 for a long time. The shocks from these scenarios include the following: (1) 3% drop in employment in all industries; (2) 25% increase in trade costs for all imports and exports; (3) a sharp decrease in international tourism (in the model, consumption tax for international tourism-related services is increased by 50%); and (4)15% decrease in demand for services which require close human interaction such as mass transport, domestic tourism, restaurants, recreational activities and increase in demand for other industries. “Large impact” here means receiving all four shocks simultaneously whereas “limited impact” refers to half of all shocks.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the simulation analysis, the GDP growth rate of developing countries in the EAP region, which was 5.8% in 2019, was significantly slowed down to 2.1% in the baseline scenario and to -0.5% in the lower-case scenario in 2020. Looking at the impact of COVID-19 on the EAP region by industry, it is believed that the tourism-related service industry will be the most severely affected. In the lower-case scenario, it is predicted that outputs of service industries relating the domestic and overseas tourism will fall by around 10% compared to the case without COVID-19. In particular, it is considered that the impact is large in Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Pacific Islands, Philippines, and Thailand, where tourism income accounts for a large proportion of GDP.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, the impact on agricultural output is estimated to be relatively small at -3.1% in China in the lower-case scenario and -2.7% in other developing countries in the EAP region. But it must be noted that COVID-19 can have a particularly serious impact on agricultural workers and informal sector workers, which are often found in developing countries in the EAP region. Employment in agriculture account for more than 30% of all workers in Thailand, Indonesia and Vietnam, over 50% in Myanmar and Timor-Leste, and over 60% in Laos and Melanesia (Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu). Smallholders, which are likely to be more abundant in the agricultural sector, generally have less access to public social security. If faced with a declining demand for produce and without immediate income compensation and social protection, their income could decline significantly. It is also pointed out that if these people cannot get leave compensation, they will have to continue working even if they are infected with COVID-19, which could endanger not only their own health but also those around them.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank derives the following six policy recommendations from a series of analyses including the above simulations: (1) Adjustment of health policies (control of rapid increase in infected population) and macroeconomic policies (control of rapid economic slowdown); (2) Enhancement of health capacity; (3) Restructuring of fiscal and monetary policy (support such as cash and in-kind payment for people who are economically vulnerable, and expansionary macroeconomic policy and employment support during the economic recovery period); (4) Improving access to household credit and improving liquidity of companies;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;(5) Maintain an open trade policy; and (6) Support for the region’s governments by international organizations (promotion of public-private partnerships to expand the supply of pharmaceuticals etc.). In the words of the chief economist for EAP at the World Bank, \u0022in addition to bold national actions, deeper international cooperation is the most effective vaccine against this virulent threat\u0022.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS follows the trends in the value chains of the agricultural and food industries in Asian countries (Kusano 2019), and implements a flagship project to form food value chains based on underused resources and traditional foods with high added value, and aim to contribute in improving the livelihoods of agricultural and food producers in the region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKusano E. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.eria.org/publications/overview-of-agri-food-industries-in-asean-basic-information-on-the-food-value-chain/\u0022\u003EOverview of Agri-food Industries in ASEAN: Basic Information on the Food Value Chain\u003C/a\u003E. ERIA Research Project Report 2018, 12.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33477\u0022\u003EWorld Bank East Asia and Pacific Economic Update, April 2020: East Asia and Pacific in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. Washington, DC: World Bank.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor：KUSANO Eiichi (Social Sciences Division)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200414_ico.PNG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200519_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "17. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Outlook on Oil Demand and Renewable Energy", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "17. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Outlook on Oil Demand and Renewable Energy", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Rapidly declining cost of solar and wind power generation has caused the acceleration of the transition to renewable energy globally, especially in the power sector. However, the global movement restrictions due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) combined with slowdowns of economic activities due to disruptions in the supply chain and closure of related equipment factories, have casted a shadow on the growth outlook for 2020. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the impact of lower oil prices on renewable energy is limited, but the short-term effects on renewable energy use including biofuels are becoming apparent in the transportation sector. The need for accelerating energy transformation, a key component of the long-term goals for the climate safe future remain unchanged ever after the coronavirus crisis. Rather, it is now necessary to pave the way toward the decarbonization of socioeconomic systems and thereby achieving Sustainable Development Goals (IRENA March 14, 2020).", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Rapidly declining cost of solar and wind power generation has caused the acceleration of the transition to renewable energy globally, especially in the power sector. However, the global movement restrictions due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) combined with slowdowns of economic activities due to disruptions in the supply chain and closure of related equipment factories, have casted a shadow on the growth outlook for 2020. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the impact of lower oil prices on renewable energy is limited, but the short-term effects on renewable energy use including biofuels are becoming apparent in the transportation sector. The need for accelerating energy transformation, a key component of the long-term goals for the climate safe future remain unchanged ever after the coronavirus crisis. Rather, it is now necessary to pave the way toward the decarbonization of socioeconomic systems and thereby achieving Sustainable Development Goals (IRENA March 14, 2020).", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ERapidly declining cost of solar and wind power generation has caused the acceleration of the transition to renewable energy globally, especially in the power sector. Accordingly, the renewable energy sector accounted for 72% of the total capacity of additional power generation in 2019 with its share of the total installed capacity reaching 34.7% (IRENA press release dated April 6, 2020). However, the global movement restrictions due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) combined with slowdowns of economic activities due to disruptions in the supply chain and closure of related equipment factories, have casted a shadow on the growth outlook for 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn particular, the decline in oil demand and the drop in crude oil prices due to restrictions on movement and travel, and weak economic activities are significant. According to the Oil Market Report released by the International Energy Agency (IEA) on April 15, oil demand in April is estimated to be 29 million barrels a day lower than a year ago, down to a level last seen in 1995. Twin demand and supply shocks caused oil futures prices to fall by 40% in March (Oil Market Report – April 2020, IEA).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile some argue that the decline in crude oil prices may restrain investments in renewable energy, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) articulates that oil plays a negligible role in power generation accounting for only 4% of the total power generation (Fig. 1) making the impact of falling oil prices on renewables less significant, and rather oil price volatility may increase the uncertainty of investment providing a window of opportunity to reduce or redirect fossil fuel subsidies towards clean energy (IRENA press release).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, biofuels market for the transportation sector has been profoundly affected in the short term by the oil price shock and the sharp drop of oil demand. While the transport sector heavily relies on oil for its energy demand exceeding 90% of total consumption (Fig. 2), as many as 70 countries have put in place biofuels blending policies to decarbonize the road transport. As such bioethanol and biodiesel are used by blending with petroleum fuels such as gasoline and fossil diesel, making them vulnerable to sluggish oil market. A number of biofuel refining plants have been reported to be shut down or remain idle while some bioethanol refineries have adapted by switching the production to cater for hand sanitizer alcohol to maintain the plant operation. In Brazil where flex fuel vehicles (vehicles designed to run at any blending ratio) predominates the sales of new vehicles totaling more than 90% and sugarcane juice can be flexibly converted to either sugar or bioethanol production routes depending on the market conditions, the consumption of bioethanol has reached about 50% of the total fuel consumption for automobiles , the shift from ethanol to sugar is taking place since the effects of the coronavirus became apparent (Nasdaq March 23, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother sector under direct impact of the current crisis is the aviation.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Given that the aviation contributes with more than 5% of the total emissions, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) agreed in 2016 on the global aspirational goal of carbon-neutral growth from 2020 onwards with the 2019/2020 emissions used as baseline, and the introduction of the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) that requires airlines to compensate for their growth in their CO2 emissions above the baseline levels beyond 2021. While airline companies have been gradually making inroads into the uptake of biojet, the effective implementation of CORSIA is also a pressing issue in light of the increasing trend of demand for aviation. In this respect, the decision by the Council of ICAO in March this year to approve six programmes as eligible for delivering carbon credits to airlines will form the foundation for the implementation of CORSIA. Grounded airplanes in 2020 due to a sharp decline in demand resulting from the restriction on the movement of people means fewer emissions from the sector, lowering the 2019-2020 baseline beyond which airlines need to compensate for their emissions from 2021 onward. If international aviation emissions were to rebound\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;in the future back to the emission levels that had been estimated before the crisis, airlines would have\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;to make more credit purchases through CORSIA than expected (BLOG April 7, 2020). The focus of the discussion is on bailout measures for airlines that have had a major impact on management for now, but the decarbonization pathways that have already been agreed by the aviation sector must continue to be explored.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAny government in consideration of economic stimulus packages and relief measures should be mindful that the need for accelerating energy transformation, a key component of the long-term goals for the climate safe future remain unchanged ever after the coronavirus crisis. Rather, it is now necessary to pave the way toward the decarbonization of socioeconomic systems and thereby achieving Sustainable Development Goals (IRENA March 14, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS in collaboration with the IRENA Innovative and Technology Center (IITC, Germany) has been analyzing latest trend of bioenergy market to facilitate the promotion of technical development in developing countries through information sharing and exchange of best practices.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBLOG. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blog.oeko.de/changes-in-course-needed-for-un-scheme-to-address-aviation-emissions-kursaenderungen-im-un-programm-zur-reduzierung-von-flugverkehrsemissionen-erforderlich-deu-eng/\u0022\u003EChanges in course needed for UN scheme to address aviation emissions\u003C/a\u003E. April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIRENA. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2020/Mar/IRENA-Director-General-Statement-on-oil-prices-and-impact-on-the-renewable-energy-sector\u0022\u003EIRENA Director-General Statement on Oil Prices and Impact on the Renewable Energy Sector\u003C/a\u003E. March 14, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENasdaq. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/falling-fuel-prices-weak-currency-drive-brazil-switch-from-ethanol-to-sugar-2020-03-23\u0022\u003EFalling fuel prices, weak currency drive Brazil switch from ethanol to sugar\u003C/a\u003E. Reuters. March 23, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ERapidly declining cost of solar and wind power generation has caused the acceleration of the transition to renewable energy globally, especially in the power sector. Accordingly, the renewable energy sector accounted for 72% of the total capacity of additional power generation in 2019 with its share of the total installed capacity reaching 34.7% (IRENA press release dated April 6, 2020). However, the global movement restrictions due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) combined with slowdowns of economic activities due to disruptions in the supply chain and closure of related equipment factories, have casted a shadow on the growth outlook for 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn particular, the decline in oil demand and the drop in crude oil prices due to restrictions on movement and travel, and weak economic activities are significant. According to the Oil Market Report released by the International Energy Agency (IEA) on April 15, oil demand in April is estimated to be 29 million barrels a day lower than a year ago, down to a level last seen in 1995. Twin demand and supply shocks caused oil futures prices to fall by 40% in March (Oil Market Report – April 2020, IEA).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile some argue that the decline in crude oil prices may restrain investments in renewable energy, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) articulates that oil plays a negligible role in power generation accounting for only 4% of the total power generation (Fig. 1) making the impact of falling oil prices on renewables less significant, and rather oil price volatility may increase the uncertainty of investment providing a window of opportunity to reduce or redirect fossil fuel subsidies towards clean energy (IRENA press release).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, biofuels market for the transportation sector has been profoundly affected in the short term by the oil price shock and the sharp drop of oil demand. While the transport sector heavily relies on oil for its energy demand exceeding 90% of total consumption (Fig. 2), as many as 70 countries have put in place biofuels blending policies to decarbonize the road transport. As such bioethanol and biodiesel are used by blending with petroleum fuels such as gasoline and fossil diesel, making them vulnerable to sluggish oil market. A number of biofuel refining plants have been reported to be shut down or remain idle while some bioethanol refineries have adapted by switching the production to cater for hand sanitizer alcohol to maintain the plant operation. In Brazil where flex fuel vehicles (vehicles designed to run at any blending ratio) predominates the sales of new vehicles totaling more than 90% and sugarcane juice can be flexibly converted to either sugar or bioethanol production routes depending on the market conditions, the consumption of bioethanol has reached about 50% of the total fuel consumption for automobiles , the shift from ethanol to sugar is taking place since the effects of the coronavirus became apparent (Nasdaq March 23, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother sector under direct impact of the current crisis is the aviation.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Given that the aviation contributes with more than 5% of the total emissions, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) agreed in 2016 on the global aspirational goal of carbon-neutral growth from 2020 onwards with the 2019/2020 emissions used as baseline, and the introduction of the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) that requires airlines to compensate for their growth in their CO2 emissions above the baseline levels beyond 2021. While airline companies have been gradually making inroads into the uptake of biojet, the effective implementation of CORSIA is also a pressing issue in light of the increasing trend of demand for aviation. In this respect, the decision by the Council of ICAO in March this year to approve six programmes as eligible for delivering carbon credits to airlines will form the foundation for the implementation of CORSIA. Grounded airplanes in 2020 due to a sharp decline in demand resulting from the restriction on the movement of people means fewer emissions from the sector, lowering the 2019-2020 baseline beyond which airlines need to compensate for their emissions from 2021 onward. If international aviation emissions were to rebound\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;in the future back to the emission levels that had been estimated before the crisis, airlines would have\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;to make more credit purchases through CORSIA than expected (BLOG April 7, 2020). The focus of the discussion is on bailout measures for airlines that have had a major impact on management for now, but the decarbonization pathways that have already been agreed by the aviation sector must continue to be explored.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAny government in consideration of economic stimulus packages and relief measures should be mindful that the need for accelerating energy transformation, a key component of the long-term goals for the climate safe future remain unchanged ever after the coronavirus crisis. Rather, it is now necessary to pave the way toward the decarbonization of socioeconomic systems and thereby achieving Sustainable Development Goals (IRENA March 14, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS in collaboration with the IRENA Innovative and Technology Center (IITC, Germany) has been analyzing latest trend of bioenergy market to facilitate the promotion of technical development in developing countries through information sharing and exchange of best practices.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBLOG. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blog.oeko.de/changes-in-course-needed-for-un-scheme-to-address-aviation-emissions-kursaenderungen-im-un-programm-zur-reduzierung-von-flugverkehrsemissionen-erforderlich-deu-eng/\u0022\u003EChanges in course needed for UN scheme to address aviation emissions\u003C/a\u003E. April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIRENA. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2020/Mar/IRENA-Director-General-Statement-on-oil-prices-and-impact-on-the-renewable-energy-sector\u0022\u003EIRENA Director-General Statement on Oil Prices and Impact on the Renewable Energy Sector\u003C/a\u003E. March 14, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENasdaq. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/falling-fuel-prices-weak-currency-drive-brazil-switch-from-ethanol-to-sugar-2020-03-23\u0022\u003EFalling fuel prices, weak currency drive Brazil switch from ethanol to sugar\u003C/a\u003E. Reuters. March 23, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200416#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "17. 新型コロナウィルス・パンデミック ― 石油需要・原油価格の動向と再エネ・バイオエネルギーへの影響", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "17. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Outlook on Oil Demand and Renewable Energy", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "太陽光発電や風力発電の急速なコスト低下により、近年電力セクターを中心として再生可能エネルギーの転換が世界的に加速化してきました。しかしながら、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックは、世界的な移動の制限、経済活動の制約、これに伴う石油需要の減退と原油価格の下落により、2020年の成長見通しに影を投げかけています。国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）は、石油価格の低下が再エネ電力に与える影響は限定的であると述べる一方、運輸セクター（自動車・航空燃料）においてはバイオ燃料を含む再エネ利用への短期的な影響が顕在化しているとしています。長期的な視点に基づくエネルギー転換の必要性や、気候変動目標の達成に向けた政策の必要性については、コロナウイルス危機の前後で何ら変わるものではなく、むしろ今こそ社会経済の脱炭素化や持続可能な開発の目標の推進に向けた道筋を示していくことが求められています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Rapidly declining cost of solar and wind power generation has caused the acceleration of the transition to renewable energy globally, especially in the power sector. However, the global movement restrictions due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) combined with slowdowns of economic activities due to disruptions in the supply chain and closure of related equipment factories, have casted a shadow on the growth outlook for 2020. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the impact of lower oil prices on renewable energy is limited, but the short-term effects on renewable energy use including biofuels are becoming apparent in the transportation sector. The need for accelerating energy transformation, a key component of the long-term goals for the climate safe future remain unchanged ever after the coronavirus crisis. Rather, it is now necessary to pave the way toward the decarbonization of socioeconomic systems and thereby achieving Sustainable Development Goals (IRENA March 14, 2020).", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E太陽光発電や風力発電の急速なコスト低下により電力セクターを中心として再生可能エネルギーの転換が世界的に加速化する中、2019年には再生可能エネルギー電力が電力全体の追加発電設備容量の72％を占め、導入済み発電設備容量の34.7％にまで拡大しました（2020年4月6日付けIRENAプレスリリース）。しかしながら、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による世界的な移動の制限、経済活動の制約により、サプライチェーンの寸断や関連設備の工場閉鎖等が既に起こっており、2020年への成長見通しに影を投げかけています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eとりわけ、移動や旅行の制限、経済活動の低迷に伴う石油需要の減退と原油価格の下落は顕著です。4月15日に国際エネルギー機関（IEA）から発表されたOil Market Reportによれば、4月の石油需要は対前年で日量29百万バレルの減少となり、1995年以前の水準まで落ち込む見通しです。需要・供給の両面での石油ショックにより、3月の原油先物価格は4割の下落を記録しました（Oil Market Report – April 2020, IEA）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E原油価格の下落により、再生可能エネルギーへの投資が抑制される可能性を指摘する論調もみられますが、国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）は、発電量に占める石油火力発電の割合は４％にまで低下しており（図1）、石油価格の低下が再エネ電力に与える影響は限定的であり、石油価格のボラティリティの拡大は投資の不透明感を増幅させ、むしろ再エネ電力へのシフトにつながると述べています（IRENAプレスリリース）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一方、エネルギー消費全体の9割以上を石油が占める運輸セクターにおいては（図2）、石油価格の下落による市場全体への影響が特に甚大であり、再エネ利用に関しては、バイオ燃料への短期的な影響が顕在化しています。自動車燃料の消費に伴うCO2の発生を抑制するため、バイオエタノール及びバイオディーゼル等のバイオ燃料の混合政策を導入している国は約70カ国に及びますが、バイオ燃料はガソリンやディーゼル等の石油燃料と混合して利用されるため、交通需要の急速な減退や石油価格の低迷により、バイオ燃料精製プラントが生産休止に追い込まれる事例が多く報告されています。一部のバイオエタノールプラントでは、消毒用アルコールの生産に切り替えてラインの操業を維持しているケースもみられます。世界最大のサトウキビ生産量を誇り、販売される新車の9割以上がフレックス燃料車（どのような混合比において走行ができるように設計された車両）となっているブラジルでは、マーケット動向により砂糖の生産とバイオエタノールの生産を柔軟に切り替える体制が確立され、近年はバイオエタノールへの志向により、バイオエタノールの消費量が自動車用燃料の約50％近くに達していましたが、コロナウイルスの影響が顕在化して以降、砂糖生産へのスイッチが加速しています（Nasdaq March 23, 2020）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、CO2排出量が全体の5％以上を占める航空セクターにおいては、2016年、国際民間航空機関（ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization）が2019/2020年の排出量をベースラインとして上限（キャップ）を設け、2021年以降に発生する排出増加分については、クレジットの取引により相殺するカーボンオフセットプログラム（CORSIA; Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation）を導入することに合意しました。排出量を削減するため、航空各社によるバイオジェット燃料の導入に向けた取組が徐々に広がりを見せつつありますが、航空需要の増加見通しを踏まえると、CORSIAの運用を適切に行っていくことも避けて通れない課題であり、本年3月のICAO理事会において、植林活動等オフセットの対象となる６つのプログラムが合意されました。このような中、航空業界は人々の移動の制限による急激な需要減退に見舞われることとなり、2019/2020年のベースラインがコロナウイルスの影響により極端に落ち込むため、今後、回復基調に戻った場合、CORSIAを通じたクレジット購入を想定以上に行う必要が生じる可能性があります（BLOG April 7, 2020）。現時点において、経営への打撃が大きい航空会社の救済策が中心的な議論の対象ですが、既に合意されている航空セクターの脱炭素化の取組は、引き続き確実に推進していくことが求められます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E各国において経済刺激策や経済不況の救済策が検討されていますが、長期的な視点に基づくエネルギー転換の必要性や、気候変動目標の達成に向けた政策の必要性については、コロナウイルスの危機の前後で何ら変わるものではなく、むしろ今こそ社会経済の脱炭素化や持続可能な開発の目標の推進に向けた道筋を示していくことが求められています。（IRENA March 14, 2020.）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、バイオエネルギーに関する技術開発協力の推進及び情報共有を図ることを目的として、国際再生可能エネルギー機関・革新的技術センター（IRENA/IITC、ドイツ）と共同し、情報収集・分析・提供活動を行っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBLOG. Changes in course needed for UN scheme to address aviation emissions. April 7, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blog.oeko.de/changes-in-course-needed-for-un-scheme-to-address-aviation-emissions-kursaenderungen-im-un-programm-zur-reduzierung-von-flugverkehrsemissionen-erforderlich-deu-eng/\u0022\u003Ehttps://blog.oeko.de/changes-in-course-needed-for-un-scheme-to-address-aviation-emissions-kursaenderungen-im-un-programm-zur-reduzierung-von-flugverkehrsemissionen-erforderlich-deu-eng/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIRENA. IRENA Director-General Statement on Oil Prices and Impact on the Renewable Energy Sector. March 14, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2020/Mar/IRENA-Director-General-Statement-on-oil-prices-and-impact-on-the-renewable-energy-sector\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2020/Mar/IRENA-Director-General-Statement-on-oil-prices-and-impact-on-the-renewable-energy-sector\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENasdaq. Falling fuel prices, weak currency drive Brazil switch from ethanol to sugar. Reuters. March 23, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/falling-fuel-prices-weak-currency-drive-brazil-switch-from-ethanol-to-sugar-2020-03-23\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.nasdaq.com/articles/falling-fuel-prices-weak-currency-drive-brazil-switch-from-ethanol-to-sugar-2020-03-23\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年3月14日付IRENAプレスリリース、IRENA Director-General Statement on Oil Prices and Impact on the Renewable Energy Sector\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　増山寿政）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ERapidly declining cost of solar and wind power generation has caused the acceleration of the transition to renewable energy globally, especially in the power sector. Accordingly, the renewable energy sector accounted for 72% of the total capacity of additional power generation in 2019 with its share of the total installed capacity reaching 34.7% (IRENA press release dated April 6, 2020). However, the global movement restrictions due to the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) combined with slowdowns of economic activities due to disruptions in the supply chain and closure of related equipment factories, have casted a shadow on the growth outlook for 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn particular, the decline in oil demand and the drop in crude oil prices due to restrictions on movement and travel, and weak economic activities are significant. According to the Oil Market Report released by the International Energy Agency (IEA) on April 15, oil demand in April is estimated to be 29 million barrels a day lower than a year ago, down to a level last seen in 1995. Twin demand and supply shocks caused oil futures prices to fall by 40% in March (Oil Market Report – April 2020, IEA).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile some argue that the decline in crude oil prices may restrain investments in renewable energy, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) articulates that oil plays a negligible role in power generation accounting for only 4% of the total power generation (Fig. 1) making the impact of falling oil prices on renewables less significant, and rather oil price volatility may increase the uncertainty of investment providing a window of opportunity to reduce or redirect fossil fuel subsidies towards clean energy (IRENA press release).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, biofuels market for the transportation sector has been profoundly affected in the short term by the oil price shock and the sharp drop of oil demand. While the transport sector heavily relies on oil for its energy demand exceeding 90% of total consumption (Fig. 2), as many as 70 countries have put in place biofuels blending policies to decarbonize the road transport. As such bioethanol and biodiesel are used by blending with petroleum fuels such as gasoline and fossil diesel, making them vulnerable to sluggish oil market. A number of biofuel refining plants have been reported to be shut down or remain idle while some bioethanol refineries have adapted by switching the production to cater for hand sanitizer alcohol to maintain the plant operation. In Brazil where flex fuel vehicles (vehicles designed to run at any blending ratio) predominates the sales of new vehicles totaling more than 90% and sugarcane juice can be flexibly converted to either sugar or bioethanol production routes depending on the market conditions, the consumption of bioethanol has reached about 50% of the total fuel consumption for automobiles , the shift from ethanol to sugar is taking place since the effects of the coronavirus became apparent (Nasdaq March 23, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAnother sector under direct impact of the current crisis is the aviation.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Given that the aviation contributes with more than 5% of the total emissions, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) agreed in 2016 on the global aspirational goal of carbon-neutral growth from 2020 onwards with the 2019/2020 emissions used as baseline, and the introduction of the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) that requires airlines to compensate for their growth in their CO2 emissions above the baseline levels beyond 2021. While airline companies have been gradually making inroads into the uptake of biojet, the effective implementation of CORSIA is also a pressing issue in light of the increasing trend of demand for aviation. In this respect, the decision by the Council of ICAO in March this year to approve six programmes as eligible for delivering carbon credits to airlines will form the foundation for the implementation of CORSIA. Grounded airplanes in 2020 due to a sharp decline in demand resulting from the restriction on the movement of people means fewer emissions from the sector, lowering the 2019-2020 baseline beyond which airlines need to compensate for their emissions from 2021 onward. If international aviation emissions were to rebound\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;in the future back to the emission levels that had been estimated before the crisis, airlines would have\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;to make more credit purchases through CORSIA than expected (BLOG April 7, 2020). The focus of the discussion is on bailout measures for airlines that have had a major impact on management for now, but the decarbonization pathways that have already been agreed by the aviation sector must continue to be explored.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAny government in consideration of economic stimulus packages and relief measures should be mindful that the need for accelerating energy transformation, a key component of the long-term goals for the climate safe future remain unchanged ever after the coronavirus crisis. Rather, it is now necessary to pave the way toward the decarbonization of socioeconomic systems and thereby achieving Sustainable Development Goals (IRENA March 14, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS in collaboration with the IRENA Innovative and Technology Center (IITC, Germany) has been analyzing latest trend of bioenergy market to facilitate the promotion of technical development in developing countries through information sharing and exchange of best practices.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBLOG. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blog.oeko.de/changes-in-course-needed-for-un-scheme-to-address-aviation-emissions-kursaenderungen-im-un-programm-zur-reduzierung-von-flugverkehrsemissionen-erforderlich-deu-eng/\u0022\u003EChanges in course needed for UN scheme to address aviation emissions\u003C/a\u003E. April 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIRENA. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2020/Mar/IRENA-Director-General-Statement-on-oil-prices-and-impact-on-the-renewable-energy-sector\u0022\u003EIRENA Director-General Statement on Oil Prices and Impact on the Renewable Energy Sector\u003C/a\u003E. March 14, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENasdaq. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/falling-fuel-prices-weak-currency-drive-brazil-switch-from-ethanol-to-sugar-2020-03-23\u0022\u003EFalling fuel prices, weak currency drive Brazil switch from ethanol to sugar\u003C/a\u003E. Reuters. March 23, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200416_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200521#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "18. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Channels of Transmission to Food and Agriculture", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "18. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Channels of Transmission to Food and Agriculture", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In response to the global spread of COVID-19, urban blockades and movement restrictions have been implemented in many countries. The prolongation of this crisis could delay food supply to the market and the procurement of materials and workers needed for agricultural production, which could lead to a food crisis. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) warns that the COVID-19 pandemic affecting all elements of the food system, from primary supply, to processing, to trade as well as national and international logistics systems, to intermediate and final demand In addressing food security in developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of not only the production and consumption of food, but also the well-functioning of the food value chain, distribution and logistics.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In response to the global spread of COVID-19, urban blockades and movement restrictions have been implemented in many countries. The prolongation of this crisis could delay food supply to the market and the procurement of materials and workers needed for agricultural production, which could lead to a food crisis. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) warns that the COVID-19 pandemic affecting all elements of the food system, from primary supply, to processing, to trade as well as national and international logistics systems, to intermediate and final demand In addressing food security in developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of not only the production and consumption of food, but also the well-functioning of the food value chain, distribution and logistics.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn response to an increasing concern over possibilities of food crisis arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Nations emphasized that there is sufficient global food stock and that the impact of export restriction\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;is so far limited. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;there is a possibility that lockdown and movement restrictions to control COVID-19 pandemic will affect the agricultural sector and may result in food crisis by disrupting\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;food chain, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the procurement of the inputs and workers necessary for\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;production (Pick Up 8, 9, 11, 14).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the COVID-19-induced pandemic affects the entire food system, affecting all elements of the food system, from primary supply, to processing, to trade as well as national and international logistics systems, to intermediate and final demand. It also affects factor markets, namely labour and capital, and intermediate inputs of production. The channels of transmission into food and agricultural demand include numerous macroeconomic factors, notably swings in exchange rates, in energy and credit markets, and, most importantly, the expected surge in unemployment and the contractions in overall economic activity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn some African countries, the effects of movement restrictions and logistic disruptions have already been reported (BBC World Service). In western Kenya, many small farmers grow vegetables and raise dairy cows at home gardens, and sell fresh vegetables and milk to nearby markets and hotels. Currently in Kenya, curfew is imposed from 7 pm to 5 am as a countermeasure against coronavirus, the plight of farmers who are at a loss without knowing when to earn income was reported, for while the government plans to ease the transport of agricultural products, there is a concern that no buyers will appear in the market (BBC News World Service April 12, 2020 14:30-). On the other hand, agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, feeds and fuel, agricultural machinery and workers are indispensable for agricultural production. Faming activities, including lanting and harvesting, will be disrupted if the supply of these materials is interrupted or their costs rise sharply due to movement restrictions, distribution disruptions, and exchange rate fluctuations.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO noted that grain and oilseeds production in high-income countries such as those in the European Union, the United States of America or Canada, depend heavily on intermediate inputs, notably energy, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides. If COVID-19 were to disrupt the flow of these inputs either from local or international suppliers to the farm level, this could result in an immediate decline in outputs. Developing countries, by contrast, would be less exposed to these input supply shocks, in consideration of the low utilization of such inputs (Schmidhuber et al. 2020). Indeed, many Sub-Saharan African countries have low level of use of chemical fertilizers. In reality, in the small-scale farmers sector in the region, not only farmers but also many stakeholders such as intermediaries, wholesalers, and retailers are involved in the value chain from trading fertilizers and seeds to bringing\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;harvested products to markets. Many intermediaries use “public transport” such as mini-buses and motorcycles to connect farmers to the market. In East Africa, such as Rwanda, whose planting season is approaching between March and April, the ban on movement prevents the procurement of chemical fertilizers, seeds, livestock feed /medicines, and extension services, which hinders agricultural work (Down to Earth).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addressing food security in developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of not only the production and consumption of food, but also the well-functioning of the food value chain, distribution and logistics.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszl36\u0022\u003ECan Africa cope with coronavirus? April 9, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3cszcmp\u0022\u003EThe Real Story Coronavirus: Is Africa ready?\u0026nbsp; April 10, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3ct0qrp\u0022\u003ETogetherness: Coronavirus Global Conversations. April 12, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDown to Earth. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/africa/covid-19-agriculture-in-east-africa-takes-a-hit-70269\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Agriculture in East Africa takes a hit. April 7, 2020\u003C/a\u003E. 　　Accessed on April 9, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJ. Schmidhuber, J. Pound, B. Qiao. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8430en\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Channels of transmission to food and agriculture\u003C/a\u003E. Rome, FAO.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 8. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200401\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic – Response of the International Community to the Global Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 14. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Bulletin: The first recession in Sub-Saharan Africa in 25 years\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn response to an increasing concern over possibilities of food crisis arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Nations emphasized that there is sufficient global food stock and that the impact of export restriction\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;is so far limited. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;there is a possibility that lockdown and movement restrictions to control COVID-19 pandemic will affect the agricultural sector and may result in food crisis by disrupting\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;food chain, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the procurement of the inputs and workers necessary for\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;production (Pick Up 8, 9, 11, 14).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the COVID-19-induced pandemic affects the entire food system, affecting all elements of the food system, from primary supply, to processing, to trade as well as national and international logistics systems, to intermediate and final demand. It also affects factor markets, namely labour and capital, and intermediate inputs of production. The channels of transmission into food and agricultural demand include numerous macroeconomic factors, notably swings in exchange rates, in energy and credit markets, and, most importantly, the expected surge in unemployment and the contractions in overall economic activity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn some African countries, the effects of movement restrictions and logistic disruptions have already been reported (BBC World Service). In western Kenya, many small farmers grow vegetables and raise dairy cows at home gardens, and sell fresh vegetables and milk to nearby markets and hotels. Currently in Kenya, curfew is imposed from 7 pm to 5 am as a countermeasure against coronavirus, the plight of farmers who are at a loss without knowing when to earn income was reported, for while the government plans to ease the transport of agricultural products, there is a concern that no buyers will appear in the market (BBC News World Service April 12, 2020 14:30-). On the other hand, agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, feeds and fuel, agricultural machinery and workers are indispensable for agricultural production. Faming activities, including lanting and harvesting, will be disrupted if the supply of these materials is interrupted or their costs rise sharply due to movement restrictions, distribution disruptions, and exchange rate fluctuations.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO noted that grain and oilseeds production in high-income countries such as those in the European Union, the United States of America or Canada, depend heavily on intermediate inputs, notably energy, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides. If COVID-19 were to disrupt the flow of these inputs either from local or international suppliers to the farm level, this could result in an immediate decline in outputs. Developing countries, by contrast, would be less exposed to these input supply shocks, in consideration of the low utilization of such inputs (Schmidhuber et al. 2020). Indeed, many Sub-Saharan African countries have low level of use of chemical fertilizers. In reality, in the small-scale farmers sector in the region, not only farmers but also many stakeholders such as intermediaries, wholesalers, and retailers are involved in the value chain from trading fertilizers and seeds to bringing\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;harvested products to markets. Many intermediaries use “public transport” such as mini-buses and motorcycles to connect farmers to the market. In East Africa, such as Rwanda, whose planting season is approaching between March and April, the ban on movement prevents the procurement of chemical fertilizers, seeds, livestock feed /medicines, and extension services, which hinders agricultural work (Down to Earth).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addressing food security in developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of not only the production and consumption of food, but also the well-functioning of the food value chain, distribution and logistics.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszl36\u0022\u003ECan Africa cope with coronavirus? April 9, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3cszcmp\u0022\u003EThe Real Story Coronavirus: Is Africa ready?\u0026nbsp; April 10, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3ct0qrp\u0022\u003ETogetherness: Coronavirus Global Conversations. April 12, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDown to Earth. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/africa/covid-19-agriculture-in-east-africa-takes-a-hit-70269\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Agriculture in East Africa takes a hit. April 7, 2020\u003C/a\u003E. 　　Accessed on April 9, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJ. Schmidhuber, J. Pound, B. Qiao. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8430en\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Channels of transmission to food and agriculture\u003C/a\u003E. Rome, FAO.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 8. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200401\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic – Response of the International Community to the Global Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 14. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Bulletin: The first recession in Sub-Saharan Africa in 25 years\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200416_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "18. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 移動規制・物流寸断による食料出荷・農業生産への波及経路", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "18. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Channels of Transmission to Food and Agriculture", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の世界的な感染拡大(パンデミック)を受け、各国の農業現場において、都市封鎖や移動規制が実施されています。問題の長期化は、市場への食料出荷や農業生産に必要な物資や労働者の調達を滞らせ、食料危機をもたらす可能性も否めません。 国連・食糧農業機関(FAO)は、COVID-19パンデミックの影響が、生産・加工かつ国内・国際流通網を含むフードシステム全体に及びうると警鐘を鳴らしています。途上国における食料安全保障を考える上で、COVID-19パンデミックは、フードシステム・バリューチェーンの果たす重要な役割も炙り出しているといえます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In response to the global spread of COVID-19, urban blockades and movement restrictions have been implemented in many countries. The prolongation of this crisis could delay food supply to the market and the procurement of materials and workers needed for agricultural production, which could lead to a food crisis. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) warns that the COVID-19 pandemic affecting all elements of the food system, from primary supply, to processing, to trade as well as national and international logistics systems, to intermediate and final demand In addressing food security in developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of not only the production and consumption of food, but also the well-functioning of the food value chain, distribution and logistics.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の世界的な感染拡大(パンデミック)を受け、食料貿易規制による食料危機の懸念に対し、国連機関は、世界的な食料在庫は十分にあり、現時点で輸出規制の影響は限定的であると強調しています。他方、各国の農業現場において、都市封鎖や移動規制により市場への出荷や農業生産に必要な物資・労働者の調達が困難な状態が続けば、食料供給が滞り、結果として食料危機へと展開する可能性も否めません(Pick Up 8, 9, 11, 14)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国連・食糧農業機関(FAO)は、COVID-19パンデミックの食料安全保障への影響は、生産・加工かつ国内・国際流通網を含むフードシステム全体に及びうるとし、農産物の需要・供給、貿易や流通を通じた波及経路（channels of transmission）について整理しました(Schmidhuber et al. 2020)。パンデミックの影響は、需要と供給双方に及びますが、そのタイミングは非対称的であり、供給ショックが先立ち、不況による需要ショックが続く可能性があります。直接的な移動規制・物流寸断のほか、為替レートの変動、エネルギー・信用市場の動向、失業や景気悪化など、マクロ経済的要因も波及経路となりえます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ諸国では、移動規制・物流寸断による影響が既に報告されています(BBC World Service)。ケニア西部では、多くの小規模農民が自宅兼圃場（kitchen garden）で野菜や乳牛を育て、近くの市場やホテルに新鮮な野菜や牛乳を卸しています。現在、ケニアではコロナ対策として夜7時から朝5時までの夜間外出禁止令(curfew)が課される中、農産物の出荷は許可されるものの、市場に買い手は現れず、いつ収入が得られるか目途がたたずに途方に暮れる農民の窮状が報道されています(BBC World Service, April 12, 2020 14:30-)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一方、農業生産には、種子・肥料・飼料・燃料などの農業資材や農業機械・労働者が欠かせません。田植えや収穫期のタイミングで、移動規制・物流寸断やその他為替変動により、これらの供給が途絶えたりコストが急騰すると、生産・収穫活動が停止してしまいます。FAOは、とりわけ欧州・北米の農業セクターでは、穀物・油脂生産が大量の農業資材の投入によって成り立っていることに言及し、これらの調達が途絶えれば、生産活動の停止を伴いかねないとしています(Schmidhuber et al. 2020)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E対して、FAOは、アフリカなどの途上国では農業生産に対する農業資材への依存度が低いため、先進国に比べれば物流寸断による供給ショックは相対的に小さいかもしれないとしています(Schmidhuber et al. 2020)。たしかにサブサハラ・アフリカ諸国の多くは、世界的に見て化学肥料の使用が低水準にとどまっています。一方で、同地域の小規模農民セクターは、肥料や種子の取引から収穫物の出荷にかかわるバリューチェーンにおいて、農民だけでなく仲介業者・卸売・小売業者など多くの関係者(stakeholders)が関わっています。仲介業者の多くは、乗り合いバスやオートバイの後部座席などの「公共交通サービス」を利用し、農民と市場を結ぶ役割を担っています。3－4月の雨季に種まき期を迎えているルワンダなどの東アフリカ地域では、交通サービスの移動規制により、化学肥料や種子、家畜飼料・医薬品、普及サービスの調達が行えず、農作業に支障が出始めているとの報告があります (Down to Earth) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E途上国における食料安全保障を考える上で、COVID-19パンデミックは、生産・消費のみならず、流通・物流・logisticsを担うフードシステム・バリューチェーンの果たす重要な役割も炙り出しているといえます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. Can Africa cope with coronavirus? April 9, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszl36\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszl36\u003C/a\u003E　\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. The Real Story Coronavirus: Is Africa ready?\u0026nbsp; April 10, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3cszcmp\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3cszcmp\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. Togetherness: Coronavirus Global Conversations. April 12, 2020.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3ct0qrp\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3ct0qrp\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDown to Earth. COVID-19: Agriculture in East Africa takes a hit. April 7, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/africa/covid-19-agriculture-in-east-africa-takes-a-hit-70269\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/africa/covid-19-agriculture-in-east-africa-takes-a-hit-70269\u003C/a\u003E　　Accessed on April 9, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJ. Schmidhuber, J. Pound, B. Qiao. 2020. COVID-19: Channels of transmission to food and agriculture. Rome, FAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8430en\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.4060/ca8430en\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick UP 8. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　世界食料危機への国際社会による対応 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200401\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200401\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 輸出規制・保護主義回避の必要性：2008年世界食料危機からの教訓 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 国際貿易と食料安全保障. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 14. 新型コロナウィルス・パンデミック ― 世界銀行速報：サブサハラ・アフリカ25年ぶりの経済不況へ. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn response to an increasing concern over possibilities of food crisis arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Nations emphasized that there is sufficient global food stock and that the impact of export restriction\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;is so far limited. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;there is a possibility that lockdown and movement restrictions to control COVID-19 pandemic will affect the agricultural sector and may result in food crisis by disrupting\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;food chain, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the procurement of the inputs and workers necessary for\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;production (Pick Up 8, 9, 11, 14).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the COVID-19-induced pandemic affects the entire food system, affecting all elements of the food system, from primary supply, to processing, to trade as well as national and international logistics systems, to intermediate and final demand. It also affects factor markets, namely labour and capital, and intermediate inputs of production. The channels of transmission into food and agricultural demand include numerous macroeconomic factors, notably swings in exchange rates, in energy and credit markets, and, most importantly, the expected surge in unemployment and the contractions in overall economic activity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn some African countries, the effects of movement restrictions and logistic disruptions have already been reported (BBC World Service). In western Kenya, many small farmers grow vegetables and raise dairy cows at home gardens, and sell fresh vegetables and milk to nearby markets and hotels. Currently in Kenya, curfew is imposed from 7 pm to 5 am as a countermeasure against coronavirus, the plight of farmers who are at a loss without knowing when to earn income was reported, for while the government plans to ease the transport of agricultural products, there is a concern that no buyers will appear in the market (BBC News World Service April 12, 2020 14:30-). On the other hand, agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, feeds and fuel, agricultural machinery and workers are indispensable for agricultural production. Faming activities, including lanting and harvesting, will be disrupted if the supply of these materials is interrupted or their costs rise sharply due to movement restrictions, distribution disruptions, and exchange rate fluctuations.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO noted that grain and oilseeds production in high-income countries such as those in the European Union, the United States of America or Canada, depend heavily on intermediate inputs, notably energy, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides. If COVID-19 were to disrupt the flow of these inputs either from local or international suppliers to the farm level, this could result in an immediate decline in outputs. Developing countries, by contrast, would be less exposed to these input supply shocks, in consideration of the low utilization of such inputs (Schmidhuber et al. 2020). Indeed, many Sub-Saharan African countries have low level of use of chemical fertilizers. In reality, in the small-scale farmers sector in the region, not only farmers but also many stakeholders such as intermediaries, wholesalers, and retailers are involved in the value chain from trading fertilizers and seeds to bringing\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;harvested products to markets. Many intermediaries use “public transport” such as mini-buses and motorcycles to connect farmers to the market. In East Africa, such as Rwanda, whose planting season is approaching between March and April, the ban on movement prevents the procurement of chemical fertilizers, seeds, livestock feed /medicines, and extension services, which hinders agricultural work (Down to Earth).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addressing food security in developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical importance of not only the production and consumption of food, but also the well-functioning of the food value chain, distribution and logistics.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3cszl36\u0022\u003ECan Africa cope with coronavirus? April 9, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3cszcmp\u0022\u003EThe Real Story Coronavirus: Is Africa ready?\u0026nbsp; April 10, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/w3ct0qrp\u0022\u003ETogetherness: Coronavirus Global Conversations. April 12, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDown to Earth. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/africa/covid-19-agriculture-in-east-africa-takes-a-hit-70269\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Agriculture in East Africa takes a hit. April 7, 2020\u003C/a\u003E. 　　Accessed on April 9, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJ. Schmidhuber, J. Pound, B. Qiao. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8430en\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Channels of transmission to food and agriculture\u003C/a\u003E. Rome, FAO.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 8. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200401\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic – Response of the International Community to the Global Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 14. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200409_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Bulletin: The first recession in Sub-Saharan Africa in 25 years\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200416_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200528_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "19. Functions of yeast ― Potential of new industrial yeast", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "19. Functions of yeast ― Potential of new industrial yeast", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Yeasts are indispensable in the production of seasonings and fermented foods that are directly related to our diet. Yeasts in the genus Saccharomyces used for making bread and sake are called \u0022industrial yeasts\u0022 and have been used as model organisms in the scientific field. On the other hand, about 100 genera of yeasts with different functions and properties from Saccharomyces yeast have been reported. For example, there are yeasts that have heat resistance and can be fermented at 40 ℃ or higher, and yeasts that grow and ferment under strong acidic conditions. These yeast species are called non-conventional yeast, and are expected to have high industrial potential such as oil and fat production, surfactant production, biodegradable plastic decomposition etc. JIRCAS focuses on the cell wall components of new industrial yeast that promote immune activation of animal cells, and we are conducting research to develop livestock feed supplement to suppress mastitis in dairy cows.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Yeasts are indispensable in the production of seasonings and fermented foods that are directly related to our diet. Yeasts in the genus Saccharomyces used for making bread and sake are called \u0022industrial yeasts\u0022 and have been used as model organisms in the scientific field. On the other hand, about 100 genera of yeasts with different functions and properties from Saccharomyces yeast have been reported. For example, there are yeasts that have heat resistance and can be fermented at 40 ℃ or higher, and yeasts that grow and ferment under strong acidic conditions. These yeast species are called non-conventional yeast, and are expected to have high industrial potential such as oil and fat production, surfactant production, biodegradable plastic decomposition etc. JIRCAS focuses on the cell wall components of new industrial yeast that promote immune activation of animal cells, and we are conducting research to develop livestock feed supplement to suppress mastitis in dairy cows.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIf yeast does not exist on earth, then there will be no tasty bread or good beer in the world. Besides bread and alcoholic drinks, yeast is also used to make wine, soy sauce, miso etc. Yeast is a single-celled microorganism and contributes to the production of seasonings and fermented foods that directly affect our diet. Yeast is also used as nutrient source when culturing other microorganisms and cells, it is also used in a wide range of fields such as yeast extract and enzymes that decompose alcohol. Yeast belongs to the fungus kingdom, and about 2,000 species have been identified so far.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe yeast (\u003Cem\u003ESaccharomyces\u003C/em\u003E spp.) used for making bread and alcoholic beverages belongs to the spore-forming group called Ascomycota. The genus Saccharomyces includes not only the so-called “conventional yeast” but also yeasts which have been used as model organisms for research. In mid-1930s, the Carlsberg Institute in Belgium succeeded in producing spores by culturing yeast under oligotrophic conditions. Later, at the University of Washington in the United States, it was discovered that the spores of some Saccharomyces yeasts can propagate vegetatively, and produce spores without mating. Due to this property, analysis of trait segregation has become possible with spores, and has greatly contributed to the development of genetics and molecular biology.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, about 100 yeast species with functions and properties different from those of Saccharomyces yeast have been reported to date. Some of these yeasts are heat-resistant and can be cultured and fermented at temperatures above 40°C. Yeasts with thick and robust cell walls and yeasts which can grow and ferment under strong acidic conditions have also been isolated. These yeast species are called as non-conventional yeast, and are expected to have high industrial potential for oil and fat production, surfactant production, biodegradable plastic decomposition etc.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAt JIRCAS, we are using yeast species which have not been put to practical use yet, such as\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EPichia kudriavzebii\u003C/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EKluyveromyces marxianus\u003C/em\u003E, as experimental materials to investigate their functionality and potential as “new industrial yeasts”. Focusing on the cell wall components of new industrial yeast promote immune activation of animal cells, we are investigating the effect of yeast cell wall in activation of the immune response in animals. An example of practical application, we are developing of livestock feed that suppresses mastitis in dairy cows by utilizing the immune activation effect of yeast. Until now, antibiotics have been used to eliminate mastitis in dairy cows, but the spread of resistant bacteria due to heavy use of antibiotics poses a threat. We are conducting experiments and data analysis using new industrial yeast and candidate feed materials, aiming to develop nutritional supplements that can be used to reduce dependence on antibiotics in the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E一般社団法人　日本パン工業会HP (https://www.pankougyokai.or.jp)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E遠藤力也、他（2016）生物工学会誌　第94巻　第6号　308－335.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESaccharomyces genome data base (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u0022\u003Ehttps://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E大嶋泰治（2011）生物工学会誌　第89巻　第8号　491-497\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E新産業酵母研究会HP(\u003Ca href=\u0022https://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u0022\u003Ehttps://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EY. Murata, et al. (2015) 3(2) 201-213 AIMS Energy\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ECharles O.N., et al. (2018) 67 105-112 Process Biochemistry\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURATA Yoshinori (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIf yeast does not exist on earth, then there will be no tasty bread or good beer in the world. Besides bread and alcoholic drinks, yeast is also used to make wine, soy sauce, miso etc. Yeast is a single-celled microorganism and contributes to the production of seasonings and fermented foods that directly affect our diet. Yeast is also used as nutrient source when culturing other microorganisms and cells, it is also used in a wide range of fields such as yeast extract and enzymes that decompose alcohol. Yeast belongs to the fungus kingdom, and about 2,000 species have been identified so far.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe yeast (\u003Cem\u003ESaccharomyces\u003C/em\u003E spp.) used for making bread and alcoholic beverages belongs to the spore-forming group called Ascomycota. The genus Saccharomyces includes not only the so-called “conventional yeast” but also yeasts which have been used as model organisms for research. In mid-1930s, the Carlsberg Institute in Belgium succeeded in producing spores by culturing yeast under oligotrophic conditions. Later, at the University of Washington in the United States, it was discovered that the spores of some Saccharomyces yeasts can propagate vegetatively, and produce spores without mating. Due to this property, analysis of trait segregation has become possible with spores, and has greatly contributed to the development of genetics and molecular biology.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, about 100 yeast species with functions and properties different from those of Saccharomyces yeast have been reported to date. Some of these yeasts are heat-resistant and can be cultured and fermented at temperatures above 40°C. Yeasts with thick and robust cell walls and yeasts which can grow and ferment under strong acidic conditions have also been isolated. These yeast species are called as non-conventional yeast, and are expected to have high industrial potential for oil and fat production, surfactant production, biodegradable plastic decomposition etc.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAt JIRCAS, we are using yeast species which have not been put to practical use yet, such as\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EPichia kudriavzebii\u003C/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EKluyveromyces marxianus\u003C/em\u003E, as experimental materials to investigate their functionality and potential as “new industrial yeasts”. Focusing on the cell wall components of new industrial yeast promote immune activation of animal cells, we are investigating the effect of yeast cell wall in activation of the immune response in animals. An example of practical application, we are developing of livestock feed that suppresses mastitis in dairy cows by utilizing the immune activation effect of yeast. Until now, antibiotics have been used to eliminate mastitis in dairy cows, but the spread of resistant bacteria due to heavy use of antibiotics poses a threat. We are conducting experiments and data analysis using new industrial yeast and candidate feed materials, aiming to develop nutritional supplements that can be used to reduce dependence on antibiotics in the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E一般社団法人　日本パン工業会HP (https://www.pankougyokai.or.jp)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E遠藤力也、他（2016）生物工学会誌　第94巻　第6号　308－335.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESaccharomyces genome data base (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u0022\u003Ehttps://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E大嶋泰治（2011）生物工学会誌　第89巻　第8号　491-497\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E新産業酵母研究会HP(\u003Ca href=\u0022https://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u0022\u003Ehttps://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EY. Murata, et al. (2015) 3(2) 201-213 AIMS Energy\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ECharles O.N., et al. (2018) 67 105-112 Process Biochemistry\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURATA Yoshinori (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200420#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "19. 酵母のはたらき ― 産業酵母と新産業酵母", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "19. Functions of yeast ― Potential of new industrial yeast", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "酵母は、我々の食生活に直接かかわる調味料や発酵食品の生産に深く貢献しています。パンや酒に利用されるサッカロミセス属に分類される酵母は「産業酵母」と呼ばれ、科学の分野でもモデル生物として使用されてきました。一方、サッカロミセス酵母とは異なる機能や性質を有する約100属余りの酵母が報告されています。例えば、耐熱性を有し40℃以上での培養発酵が可能な酵母や、強い酸性状況の下で生育発酵する酵母があります。中には、油脂生産や界面活性剤生産、生分解性プラスチック分解など、産業利用の可能性が高い酵母も多くみられることから、これらは「新産業酵母」と呼ばれ、新たな機能性や有効形質の発見が期待されています。国際農研は、新産業酵母の細胞壁が動物細胞の免疫活性化を促すことに着目し、乳牛の飼料サプリメント開発を目指した研究を行っています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Yeasts are indispensable in the production of seasonings and fermented foods that are directly related to our diet. Yeasts in the genus Saccharomyces used for making bread and sake are called \u0022industrial yeasts\u0022 and have been used as model organisms in the scientific field. On the other hand, about 100 genera of yeasts with different functions and properties from Saccharomyces yeast have been reported. For example, there are yeasts that have heat resistance and can be fermented at 40 ℃ or higher, and yeasts that grow and ferment under strong acidic conditions. These yeast species are called non-conventional yeast, and are expected to have high industrial potential such as oil and fat production, surfactant production, biodegradable plastic decomposition etc. JIRCAS focuses on the cell wall components of new industrial yeast that promote immune activation of animal cells, and we are conducting research to develop livestock feed supplement to suppress mastitis in dairy cows.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E「もし、地球上に彼女(酵母)がいなかったら・・・」この世においしいパンもビールも存在しなかったことでしょう。パンやお酒以外に、ワイン、しょうゆ、みそ、なども作られなかったはずです。我々の食生活に直接かかわる調味料や発酵食品の生産に深く貢献している微生物、それが酵母なのです。また他の微生物や細胞を培養するときの栄養源として酵母エキスや、アルコールを分解する酵素など、広い分野で利用されています。酵母はカビの仲間で、現在、2,000種ほどが酵母として同定・分類されています(1,2)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパンや酒に利用される酵母（サッカロミセス属）は子嚢菌門（しのうきんもん）という胞子を作る仲間に分類されています。サッカロミセス属に分類される酵母は「産業酵母」と呼ばれるだけでなく、科学の分野でもモデル生物として使用されてきました。1930年の中頃、ベルギービールのカールスバーグ研究所では、貧栄養条件下で培養することで、酵母に胞子を作らせることに成功しました。その後、アメリカのワシントン大学では、ある種のサッカロミセス酵母の胞子が、自分自身で接合せず胞子を維持したまま栄養増殖できる性質を有することを発見しました。この性質によって、対立する遺伝子の形質分離の解析が胞子で可能となり、遺伝学や分子生物学などの発展に大きく貢献してきました（3,4）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一方でサッカロミセス属以外の酵母については、現在まで約100属余りが報告されていますが、サッカロミセス酵母とは異なる機能や性質を有することが判明しています。例えば、ある酵母は耐熱性を有して40℃以上での培養発酵が可能です。分厚く堅牢な細胞壁を有し、強い酸性状況の下で生育発酵する酵母も分離されました。また、油脂生産や界面活性剤生産、生分解性プラスチック分解など、産業利用の可能性が高い酵母も多くみられることから「新産業酵母」と呼ばれ、新たな機能性や有効形質の発見が期待されています（5-7）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研ではサッカロミセス属以外のまだ実用化されていない「新産業酵母」（\u003Cem\u003EPichia kudriavzebii, Kluyveromyces marxianus\u003C/em\u003E）を実験資材として用い、その機能性の探索と可能性について研究しています。新産業酵母の細胞壁が動物細胞の免疫活性化を促すことに着目し、酵母細胞壁による動物の免疫活性化への効果について調べています。応用分野の例として、酵母の免疫活性化作用を利用し、乳牛の乳房炎を抑制する飼料の開発があります。これまで、乳牛の乳房炎の解消には抗生物質が用いられてきましたが、抗生物質の多用による耐性菌の蔓延が脅威となっています。私たちは、将来的に抗生物質の依存度を低下させるような機能を有する栄養サプリメントの開発を目指し、新産業酵母と飼料候補資材を用いて実験およびデータ解析を進めています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E一般社団法人　日本パン工業会HP (https://www.pankougyokai.or.jp)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E遠藤力也、他（2016）生物工学会誌　第94巻　第6号　308－335.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESaccharomyces genome data base (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u0022\u003Ehttps://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E大嶋泰治（2011）生物工学会誌　第89巻　第8号　491-497\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E新産業酵母研究会HP(\u003Ca href=\u0022https://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u0022\u003Ehttps://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EY. Murata, et al. (2015) 3(2) 201-213 AIMS Energy\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ECharles O.N., et al. (2018) 67 105-112 Process Biochemistry\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：生物資源・利用領域　村田善則）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIf yeast does not exist on earth, then there will be no tasty bread or good beer in the world. Besides bread and alcoholic drinks, yeast is also used to make wine, soy sauce, miso etc. Yeast is a single-celled microorganism and contributes to the production of seasonings and fermented foods that directly affect our diet. Yeast is also used as nutrient source when culturing other microorganisms and cells, it is also used in a wide range of fields such as yeast extract and enzymes that decompose alcohol. Yeast belongs to the fungus kingdom, and about 2,000 species have been identified so far.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe yeast (\u003Cem\u003ESaccharomyces\u003C/em\u003E spp.) used for making bread and alcoholic beverages belongs to the spore-forming group called Ascomycota. The genus Saccharomyces includes not only the so-called “conventional yeast” but also yeasts which have been used as model organisms for research. In mid-1930s, the Carlsberg Institute in Belgium succeeded in producing spores by culturing yeast under oligotrophic conditions. Later, at the University of Washington in the United States, it was discovered that the spores of some Saccharomyces yeasts can propagate vegetatively, and produce spores without mating. Due to this property, analysis of trait segregation has become possible with spores, and has greatly contributed to the development of genetics and molecular biology.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, about 100 yeast species with functions and properties different from those of Saccharomyces yeast have been reported to date. Some of these yeasts are heat-resistant and can be cultured and fermented at temperatures above 40°C. Yeasts with thick and robust cell walls and yeasts which can grow and ferment under strong acidic conditions have also been isolated. These yeast species are called as non-conventional yeast, and are expected to have high industrial potential for oil and fat production, surfactant production, biodegradable plastic decomposition etc.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAt JIRCAS, we are using yeast species which have not been put to practical use yet, such as\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EPichia kudriavzebii\u003C/em\u003E\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EKluyveromyces marxianus\u003C/em\u003E, as experimental materials to investigate their functionality and potential as “new industrial yeasts”. Focusing on the cell wall components of new industrial yeast promote immune activation of animal cells, we are investigating the effect of yeast cell wall in activation of the immune response in animals. An example of practical application, we are developing of livestock feed that suppresses mastitis in dairy cows by utilizing the immune activation effect of yeast. Until now, antibiotics have been used to eliminate mastitis in dairy cows, but the spread of resistant bacteria due to heavy use of antibiotics poses a threat. We are conducting experiments and data analysis using new industrial yeast and candidate feed materials, aiming to develop nutritional supplements that can be used to reduce dependence on antibiotics in the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E一般社団法人　日本パン工業会HP (https://www.pankougyokai.or.jp)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E遠藤力也、他（2016）生物工学会誌　第94巻　第6号　308－335.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ESaccharomyces genome data base (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u0022\u003Ehttps://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E大嶋泰治（2011）生物工学会誌　第89巻　第8号　491-497\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E新産業酵母研究会HP(\u003Ca href=\u0022https://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u0022\u003Ehttps://sites.google.com/site/mincyjapan/\u003C/a\u003E)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EY. Murata, et al. (2015) 3(2) 201-213 AIMS Energy\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ECharles O.N., et al. (2018) 67 105-112 Process Biochemistry\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURATA Yoshinori (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200420_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200522_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "20. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Global Economic Crisis and Climate Change Countermeasures", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "20. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Global Economic Crisis and Climate Change Countermeasures", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The COVID-19 outbreak that has been storming the world is ironically \u0022kind to the planet\u0022. The suspension of economic activities has caused a record drop in carbon dioxide emission not seen since the end of the 2nd World War. However, it can’t be expected that this situation will last long and eventually, a drastic socio-economic transformation of the land use and energy sectors will be essential to avoid irreversible climate change risks. The recommendation of health experts to lower the infection peak and flatten the epidemic curve as a response the COVID-19 has prompted climate experts to regard extreme weather events caused by climate change in the same way as viral infection, and to improve the resilience of society by swiftly promoting the decarbonization of the economy to curb the rise in the average temperature of the world thus avoiding catastrophic damages to the society.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The COVID-19 outbreak that has been storming the world is ironically \u0022kind to the planet\u0022. The suspension of economic activities has caused a record drop in carbon dioxide emission not seen since the end of the 2nd World War. However, it can’t be expected that this situation will last long and eventually, a drastic socio-economic transformation of the land use and energy sectors will be essential to avoid irreversible climate change risks. The recommendation of health experts to lower the infection peak and flatten the epidemic curve as a response the COVID-19 has prompted climate experts to regard extreme weather events caused by climate change in the same way as viral infection, and to improve the resilience of society by swiftly promoting the decarbonization of the economy to curb the rise in the average temperature of the world thus avoiding catastrophic damages to the society.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 20, 2020, the price of a barrel of West Texas Intermediate (WTI), the benchmark for US\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;oil, temporarily fell as low as minus $40 a barrel at the New York Commercial Exchange, the lowest level since its listing in 1983. As the global economy becoming stagnant due to measures to suppress the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an excessive supply of crude oil and the storage capacity has reached its limit due to a sharp decline in demand. This reflects a situation in which the sellers are paying the buyers to take the commodity off hands.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the end of January 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak that has been storming the world has caused a temporary decrease in greenhouse gas emissions through the suspension of economic activities. NASA\u0027s satellites which monitor air pollution have detected significant decrease in the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) after the lockdown started around Wuhan, China on January 23, 2020 (Fig. 1). NO2 is a short-lived pollutant with a lifetime in the atmosphere of about one day, thus this pollutant stays\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;near the emission sources and can be used as a proxy of the intensity of economic activity in different sectors (Japan Times). Improvements in environmental pollution have been reported from around the world. In Venice, water in the canals has become cleaner due to the reduced number of tourists. In India, which chronically suffers from the worst air pollution in the world, it is reported that the Himalayas can be seen from town for the first time in decades.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELooking back on the past year, 2019 was a year in which there was an increase in global awareness and attention to the urgency of mitigating and adapting to climate change. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) warned that unless global greenhouse gas emissions fall by 7.6 per cent each year between 2020 and 2030, the world will miss the opportunity to get on track towards the 1.5°C temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. The fallout of economic activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic is ironically \u0022kind to the planet.\u0022 Experts assumed\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;5% or more drop in carbon dioxide emissions, something not seen since the end of World War Two and even the fall of the Soviet Union are likely to have affected emissions the way this crisis is (World Economic Forum, April 4, 2020). However, climatologists say that the emission-reducing effect of the COVID-19 pandemic will not last long, and if fossil fuel use would have to decline by about 10 percent around the world and would need to be sustained for a year to show up clearly in carbon dioxide levels (Scripps Institution of Oceanography). After world greenhouse gas emissions dipped by 1.4% in the aftermath of the 2007-2008 global financial crisis, they shot back up a whopping 5.1% in the recovery In this coronavirus crisis, greenhouse gas emissions fell by about 25% in China due to plant shutdowns and lockdowns, but it seems that emissions are returning to a normal range as economic activities resume (World Economic Forum April 4, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to avoid future irreversible climate change risks, a drastic socio-economic transformation of the land and energy sector is essential regardless of the coronavirus crisis (The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit). Climate experts say that responding to the coronavirus crisis can provide lessons for avoiding it. As of April 2020, the word “corona epidemic curve” has been heard in the news as the emergency declaration was issued in Japan and the social distance strategy was adopted. According to public health experts, infections will settle faster if the epidemic peaks are high, but to avoid possible collapse of medical services in the process, it is recommended to lower the infection peak and flatten the epidemic curve. Scholars propose to regard\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;extreme weather events caused by climate change as a viral infection and aim to improve the resilience of society by swiftly promoting the decarbonization of the economy to curb the rise in the average temperature of the world thus to avoid catastrophic damages to the society (Figure 2: Hayes, March 31, 2020; World Economic Forum April 17, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn response to the current global economic crisis that could be comparable to the Great Depression of 1929, it is expected that large-scale economic stimulus packages in developed countries will be implemented and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;support assistance to developing countries will be called for. COVID-19 has proved that that disasters do not respect borders, that solidarity brings strength, that science and expert advice matter, and that delay is deadly. The same lessons hold true for our climate emergency. Experts view this crisis as an opportunity to tackle climate change, replace the business-as-usual situation, and under international cooperation, to invest in resilient and sustainable infrastructure to build a new green economy (World Economic Forum April 17, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19 crisis has revealed a trade-off between global economic activities and climate change mitigation. From a long-term perspective, however, immediate response will be a shorter way to sustainable future while delays in mitigating and adapting to climate change can result in massive social and economic loss s. Fortunately, the return on investment in improving resilience to climate change can bring a “triple dividend”, namely, avoiding future losses, generating economic gains through innovation, and delivering social and environmental benefits (Global Commission on Adaptation). As agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;accounts for 23% of the anthropogenic GHG emissions, food and nutrition security must be achieved through strengthening the resilience of food supply chains and investing in sustainable agricultural intensification through sustainable and stable use of agricultural resources.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDavid J. Hayes. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/state-impact/press-publications/expert-commentary/flatten-climate-curve\u0022\u003EFlatten the (Climate) Curve. NYU School of Law.\u0026nbsp; March 31, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 20, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Commission on Adaptation. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003EADAPT NOW: THE URGENCY OF ACTION\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan Times. A\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/03/22/world/science-health-world/air-quality-coronavirus-quarantined-countries/#.Xp6VrcgzY2w\u0022\u003Eir quality improving in quarantined countries\u003C/a\u003E. March 22, 2020. \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENASA.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146362/airborne-nitrogen-dioxide-plummets-over-china\u0022\u003EAirborne Nitrogen Dioxide Plummets Over China\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EScripps Institution of Oceanography.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/2020/03/11/what-does-it-take-for-the-coronavirus-or-other-major-economic-events-to-affect-global-carbon-dioxide-readings/\u0022\u003EWhat does it take for the coronavirus (or other major economic events) to affect global carbon dioxide readings?\u003C/a\u003E, March 11, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EUnited In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP. (2019) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003EEmissions Gap Report 2019\u003C/a\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-could-trigger-the-biggest-fall-in-carbon-emissions-since-world-war-two-according-to-experts-d9b4629e47/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus could trigger biggest fall in carbon emissions since World War Two - but any decline could be short-lived\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 20, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/flattening-the-climate-curve-in-the-post-covid-world/\u0022\u003EFlattening the climate curve in the post-COVID world. April 17, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 18, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 6. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200325\u0022\u003EClimate Change and Global Food Production Crisis - Call for Sustainable Resource Management Technology\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office) 　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 20, 2020, the price of a barrel of West Texas Intermediate (WTI), the benchmark for US\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;oil, temporarily fell as low as minus $40 a barrel at the New York Commercial Exchange, the lowest level since its listing in 1983. As the global economy becoming stagnant due to measures to suppress the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an excessive supply of crude oil and the storage capacity has reached its limit due to a sharp decline in demand. This reflects a situation in which the sellers are paying the buyers to take the commodity off hands.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the end of January 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak that has been storming the world has caused a temporary decrease in greenhouse gas emissions through the suspension of economic activities. NASA\u0027s satellites which monitor air pollution have detected significant decrease in the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) after the lockdown started around Wuhan, China on January 23, 2020 (Fig. 1). NO2 is a short-lived pollutant with a lifetime in the atmosphere of about one day, thus this pollutant stays\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;near the emission sources and can be used as a proxy of the intensity of economic activity in different sectors (Japan Times). Improvements in environmental pollution have been reported from around the world. In Venice, water in the canals has become cleaner due to the reduced number of tourists. In India, which chronically suffers from the worst air pollution in the world, it is reported that the Himalayas can be seen from town for the first time in decades.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELooking back on the past year, 2019 was a year in which there was an increase in global awareness and attention to the urgency of mitigating and adapting to climate change. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) warned that unless global greenhouse gas emissions fall by 7.6 per cent each year between 2020 and 2030, the world will miss the opportunity to get on track towards the 1.5°C temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. The fallout of economic activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic is ironically \u0022kind to the planet.\u0022 Experts assumed\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;5% or more drop in carbon dioxide emissions, something not seen since the end of World War Two and even the fall of the Soviet Union are likely to have affected emissions the way this crisis is (World Economic Forum, April 4, 2020). However, climatologists say that the emission-reducing effect of the COVID-19 pandemic will not last long, and if fossil fuel use would have to decline by about 10 percent around the world and would need to be sustained for a year to show up clearly in carbon dioxide levels (Scripps Institution of Oceanography). After world greenhouse gas emissions dipped by 1.4% in the aftermath of the 2007-2008 global financial crisis, they shot back up a whopping 5.1% in the recovery In this coronavirus crisis, greenhouse gas emissions fell by about 25% in China due to plant shutdowns and lockdowns, but it seems that emissions are returning to a normal range as economic activities resume (World Economic Forum April 4, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to avoid future irreversible climate change risks, a drastic socio-economic transformation of the land and energy sector is essential regardless of the coronavirus crisis (The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit). Climate experts say that responding to the coronavirus crisis can provide lessons for avoiding it. As of April 2020, the word “corona epidemic curve” has been heard in the news as the emergency declaration was issued in Japan and the social distance strategy was adopted. According to public health experts, infections will settle faster if the epidemic peaks are high, but to avoid possible collapse of medical services in the process, it is recommended to lower the infection peak and flatten the epidemic curve. Scholars propose to regard\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;extreme weather events caused by climate change as a viral infection and aim to improve the resilience of society by swiftly promoting the decarbonization of the economy to curb the rise in the average temperature of the world thus to avoid catastrophic damages to the society (Figure 2: Hayes, March 31, 2020; World Economic Forum April 17, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn response to the current global economic crisis that could be comparable to the Great Depression of 1929, it is expected that large-scale economic stimulus packages in developed countries will be implemented and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;support assistance to developing countries will be called for. COVID-19 has proved that that disasters do not respect borders, that solidarity brings strength, that science and expert advice matter, and that delay is deadly. The same lessons hold true for our climate emergency. Experts view this crisis as an opportunity to tackle climate change, replace the business-as-usual situation, and under international cooperation, to invest in resilient and sustainable infrastructure to build a new green economy (World Economic Forum April 17, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19 crisis has revealed a trade-off between global economic activities and climate change mitigation. From a long-term perspective, however, immediate response will be a shorter way to sustainable future while delays in mitigating and adapting to climate change can result in massive social and economic loss s. Fortunately, the return on investment in improving resilience to climate change can bring a “triple dividend”, namely, avoiding future losses, generating economic gains through innovation, and delivering social and environmental benefits (Global Commission on Adaptation). As agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;accounts for 23% of the anthropogenic GHG emissions, food and nutrition security must be achieved through strengthening the resilience of food supply chains and investing in sustainable agricultural intensification through sustainable and stable use of agricultural resources.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDavid J. Hayes. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/state-impact/press-publications/expert-commentary/flatten-climate-curve\u0022\u003EFlatten the (Climate) Curve. NYU School of Law.\u0026nbsp; March 31, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 20, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Commission on Adaptation. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003EADAPT NOW: THE URGENCY OF ACTION\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan Times. A\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/03/22/world/science-health-world/air-quality-coronavirus-quarantined-countries/#.Xp6VrcgzY2w\u0022\u003Eir quality improving in quarantined countries\u003C/a\u003E. March 22, 2020. \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENASA.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146362/airborne-nitrogen-dioxide-plummets-over-china\u0022\u003EAirborne Nitrogen Dioxide Plummets Over China\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EScripps Institution of Oceanography.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/2020/03/11/what-does-it-take-for-the-coronavirus-or-other-major-economic-events-to-affect-global-carbon-dioxide-readings/\u0022\u003EWhat does it take for the coronavirus (or other major economic events) to affect global carbon dioxide readings?\u003C/a\u003E, March 11, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EUnited In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP. (2019) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003EEmissions Gap Report 2019\u003C/a\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-could-trigger-the-biggest-fall-in-carbon-emissions-since-world-war-two-according-to-experts-d9b4629e47/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus could trigger biggest fall in carbon emissions since World War Two - but any decline could be short-lived\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 20, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/flattening-the-climate-curve-in-the-post-covid-world/\u0022\u003EFlattening the climate curve in the post-COVID world. April 17, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 18, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 6. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200325\u0022\u003EClimate Change and Global Food Production Crisis - Call for Sustainable Resource Management Technology\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office) 　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200421#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "20. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　世界経済危機と気候変動対策", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "20. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Global Economic Crisis and Climate Change Countermeasures", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界を吹き荒れる新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) パンデミックによる経済活動の停止は、皮肉にも「地球に優しく」、2020年の二酸化炭素排出は第二次世界大戦以降最大の下落率を記録すると見込まれています。しかしこの影響の長続きは期待できず、将来取り返しのつかない気候変動リスクの回避には、土地利用やエネルギー部門を含む抜本的な社会経済構造の転換が不可欠となります。気候学者らは、コロナ感染ピークを低くして流行曲線を平坦化(flattening the curve)する公衆衛生戦略から学び、国際協調のもとで速やかに強靭で持続的な経済システムのためのインフラ構築に投資を行っていくべきであるとしています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The COVID-19 outbreak that has been storming the world is ironically \u0022kind to the planet\u0022. The suspension of economic activities has caused a record drop in carbon dioxide emission not seen since the end of the 2nd World War. However, it can’t be expected that this situation will last long and eventually, a drastic socio-economic transformation of the land use and energy sectors will be essential to avoid irreversible climate change risks. The recommendation of health experts to lower the infection peak and flatten the epidemic curve as a response the COVID-19 has prompted climate experts to regard extreme weather events caused by climate change in the same way as viral infection, and to improve the resilience of society by swiftly promoting the decarbonization of the economy to curb the rise in the average temperature of the world thus avoiding catastrophic damages to the society.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月20日、米ニューヨーク商業取引所で、原油価格の指標となるWTI (West Texas Intermediate) 先物価格が一時1バレル = マイナス40ドルを超えて下落、1983年の上場以来史上初めてマイナス価格で取引を終えました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19) の世界的な感染拡大(パンデミック)を抑え込む対策で世界経済が停滞し、エネルギー需要の急減で原油供給が過剰になっており、原油貯蔵スペースが限界に達しつつあることを受け、売り手が買い手にお金を払って引き取ってもらう状況を反映しているとされます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年1月末以降、世界を吹き荒れるコロナ禍は、経済活動の停止を通じて、温室効果ガス排出の一時的な減少をもたらしています。NASAの大気汚染監視衛星は、中国・武漢周辺で2020年1月23日に都市封鎖（ロックダウン）が開始された前後を比較し、自動車や工場からの排出ガス等に起因し、環境汚染の原因である二酸化窒素 (NO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E) が大幅に減少したことを捉えました (図1)。ちなみにNO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003Eは大気に1日程度のみ留まる汚染物質とされ、排出源の近くで感知されるため、異なるセクターによる経済活動の集約度を測る尺度として使われるそうです(Japan Times) 。世界中から環境汚染の改善が伝えられており、ベネチアでは観光客の減少により運河がきれいになり、世界最悪レベルの大気汚染に悩むインド都市部ではヒマラヤ山脈が数十年ぶりに眺望できるようになったと報道されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの1年間を振り返ると、2019年は気候変動対策に世界的な意識と注目が高まった年でした。国連機関は、世界平均気温を1.5℃の上昇に抑制することを目指すパリ協定(Paris Agreement)目標の達成には、2020年から2030年の間、温室効果ガス排出を毎年7.6%減らさなければならず、まさに今年2020年から早急に対応をとらなければ気候変動の影響を抑制する機会を逃しかねないと警鐘を鳴らしました(UNEP)。COVID-19パンデミックによる経済活動の停止は、皮肉にも「地球に優しく」、専門家は、2020年の二酸化炭素排出減幅はマイナス5％と、ソ連崩壊の際にも経験しなかった第二次世界大戦以降最大の落ち込みを記録することもあり得ると想定しています (World Economic Forum, April 4, 2020) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eしかし、気候学者らは、新型コロナ対応の移動規制による排出削減効果は長続きせず、化石燃料使用の10％下落が少なくとも1年程度継続しなければ、大気中の二酸化炭素水準への影響は軽微であるとしています (Scripps Institution of Oceanography)。2007-08年の世界金融危機の経験では、温室効果ガス排出が1.4%減少した後、5.1%上昇に転じたといいます。今回のコロナ危機においても、中国では工場稼働停止とロックダウンに伴い温室効果ガス排出は25％程下落しましたが、経済活動の再開とともに排出量は通常レベルに戻りつつあるようです (World Economic Forum April 4, 2020) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E将来取り返しのつかない気候変動リスクを回避するには、コロナ危機の有無にかかわらず、土地利用やエネルギー部門を含む抜本的な社会経済構造の転換が不可欠となります(The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit)。気候変動の専門家らは、コロナ危機への対応から、気候危機を回避するための教訓を得ることができると述べています。2020年4月現在、日本でも緊急事態宣言が発出され、社会距離戦略がとられるにあたり、コロナ流行曲線という言葉をニュースでも耳にします。 公衆衛生専門家によると、流行のピークが高いと感染は早く収束しますが、その過程で生じうる医療崩壊と社会機能の破綻を回避するため、感染ピークを低くして流行曲線を平坦化する(flattening the curve)ことが推奨されています。学者らは、気候変動がもたらす異常気象をウイルス感染とみなし、速やかに経済の脱炭素化を通じて社会の強靭性向上を目指すことで、世界の平均気温の上昇抑制に成功し、気候変動による甚大な被害を回避しうると提言しています(図2: Hayes, March 31, 2020; World Economic Forum April 17, 2020)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1929年世界大恐慌に匹敵しうる今回の世界経済危機に対して、今後、先進国における大規模な景気浮揚策と途上国経済への支援は不可避と目されています。COVID-19はパンデミックに国境はなく、対応の遅れは命取りであること、科学的知識に基づいた行動と団結が極めて重要であることを証明しました。気候危機についても同様のことが言えます。専門家らは、この危機を気候変動対策のチャンスと捉え、現状・規定路線(business-as-usual) にかわり、国際協調のもとで、真に「地球に優しく」、強靭で持続的な経済システムのためのインフラ構築に投資を行っていくべきであるとしています (World Economic Forum April 17, 2020) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19危機は、グローバルな経済活動と気候変動対応のトレードオフ関係を明らかにしましたが、長期的な視点からは、気候変動対応の先延ばしで生じうる莫大な損失を放置せず、早急な対応が持続的な未来への近道となります。幸いにも、気候変動への強靭性改善に関する投資の利益率は一般に高く、将来の損失回避・イノベーションを通じた経済利益の創出・社会環境的な便益の提供、という、「トリプル・ディビデンド(3重の配当) 」をもたらしうると期待されています (Global Commission on Adaptation) 。人間活動を原因とする温室効果ガス排出の23％を占める農林業その他土地利用分野においても、フード・サプライチェーンの強靭性強化に努めつつ、農業資源の持続的・安定的活用による持続的農業集約化技術への投資を通じ、食料・栄養安全保障の達成を目指していく必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDavid J. Hayes. Flatten the (Climate) Curve. NYU School of Law.\u0026nbsp; March 31, 2020.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/state-impact/press-publications/expert-commentary/flatten-climate-curve\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/state-impact/press-publications/expert-commentary/flatten-climate-curve\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 20, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Commission on Adaptation. 2019. ADAPT NOW: THE URGENCY OF ACTION. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003Ehttps://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u003C/a\u003E （参考） \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190911\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190911\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan Times. Air quality improving in quarantined countries. March 22, 2020. \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/03/22/world/science-health-world/air-quality-coronavirus-quarantined-countries/#.Xp6VrcgzY2w\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/03/22/world/science-health-world/air-quality-coronavirus-quarantined-countries/#.Xp6VrcgzY2w\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENASA Airborne Nitrogen Dioxide Plummets Over China.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146362/airborne-nitrogen-dioxide-plummets-over-china\u0022\u003Ehttps://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146362/airborne-nitrogen-dioxide-plummets-over-china\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 20, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EScripps Institution of Oceanography.\u0026nbsp; What does it take for the coronavirus (or other major economic events) to affect global carbon dioxide readings?, March 11, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/2020/03/11/what-does-it-take-for-the-coronavirus-or-other-major-economic-events-to-affect-global-carbon-dioxide-readings/\u0022\u003Ehttps://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/2020/03/11/what-does-it-take-for-the-coronavirus-or-other-major-economic-events-to-affect-global-carbon-dioxide-readings/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019. United In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003Ehttps://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/a\u003E （参考）\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191003\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191003\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP. (2019) Emissions Gap Report 2019 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;（参考）\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191128_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191128_0\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. Coronavirus could trigger biggest fall in carbon emissions since World War Two - but any decline could be short-lived. April 4, 2020.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-could-trigger-the-biggest-fall-in-carbon-emissions-since-world-war-two-according-to-experts-d9b4629e47/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-could-trigger-the-biggest-fall-in-carbon-emissions-since-world-war-two-according-to-experts-d9b4629e47/\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on April 20, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. Flattening the climate curve in the post-COVID world. April 17, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/flattening-the-climate-curve-in-the-post-covid-world/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/flattening-the-climate-curve-in-the-post-covid-world/\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on April 18, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 6. 気候変動と世界食料生産危機　－　持続的資源・環境管理技術への期待\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200325\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200325\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 20, 2020, the price of a barrel of West Texas Intermediate (WTI), the benchmark for US\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;oil, temporarily fell as low as minus $40 a barrel at the New York Commercial Exchange, the lowest level since its listing in 1983. As the global economy becoming stagnant due to measures to suppress the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an excessive supply of crude oil and the storage capacity has reached its limit due to a sharp decline in demand. This reflects a situation in which the sellers are paying the buyers to take the commodity off hands.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the end of January 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak that has been storming the world has caused a temporary decrease in greenhouse gas emissions through the suspension of economic activities. NASA\u0027s satellites which monitor air pollution have detected significant decrease in the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) after the lockdown started around Wuhan, China on January 23, 2020 (Fig. 1). NO2 is a short-lived pollutant with a lifetime in the atmosphere of about one day, thus this pollutant stays\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;near the emission sources and can be used as a proxy of the intensity of economic activity in different sectors (Japan Times). Improvements in environmental pollution have been reported from around the world. In Venice, water in the canals has become cleaner due to the reduced number of tourists. In India, which chronically suffers from the worst air pollution in the world, it is reported that the Himalayas can be seen from town for the first time in decades.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELooking back on the past year, 2019 was a year in which there was an increase in global awareness and attention to the urgency of mitigating and adapting to climate change. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) warned that unless global greenhouse gas emissions fall by 7.6 per cent each year between 2020 and 2030, the world will miss the opportunity to get on track towards the 1.5°C temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. The fallout of economic activity due to the COVID-19 pandemic is ironically \u0022kind to the planet.\u0022 Experts assumed\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;5% or more drop in carbon dioxide emissions, something not seen since the end of World War Two and even the fall of the Soviet Union are likely to have affected emissions the way this crisis is (World Economic Forum, April 4, 2020). However, climatologists say that the emission-reducing effect of the COVID-19 pandemic will not last long, and if fossil fuel use would have to decline by about 10 percent around the world and would need to be sustained for a year to show up clearly in carbon dioxide levels (Scripps Institution of Oceanography). After world greenhouse gas emissions dipped by 1.4% in the aftermath of the 2007-2008 global financial crisis, they shot back up a whopping 5.1% in the recovery In this coronavirus crisis, greenhouse gas emissions fell by about 25% in China due to plant shutdowns and lockdowns, but it seems that emissions are returning to a normal range as economic activities resume (World Economic Forum April 4, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to avoid future irreversible climate change risks, a drastic socio-economic transformation of the land and energy sector is essential regardless of the coronavirus crisis (The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit). Climate experts say that responding to the coronavirus crisis can provide lessons for avoiding it. As of April 2020, the word “corona epidemic curve” has been heard in the news as the emergency declaration was issued in Japan and the social distance strategy was adopted. According to public health experts, infections will settle faster if the epidemic peaks are high, but to avoid possible collapse of medical services in the process, it is recommended to lower the infection peak and flatten the epidemic curve. Scholars propose to regard\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;extreme weather events caused by climate change as a viral infection and aim to improve the resilience of society by swiftly promoting the decarbonization of the economy to curb the rise in the average temperature of the world thus to avoid catastrophic damages to the society (Figure 2: Hayes, March 31, 2020; World Economic Forum April 17, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn response to the current global economic crisis that could be comparable to the Great Depression of 1929, it is expected that large-scale economic stimulus packages in developed countries will be implemented and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;support assistance to developing countries will be called for. COVID-19 has proved that that disasters do not respect borders, that solidarity brings strength, that science and expert advice matter, and that delay is deadly. The same lessons hold true for our climate emergency. Experts view this crisis as an opportunity to tackle climate change, replace the business-as-usual situation, and under international cooperation, to invest in resilient and sustainable infrastructure to build a new green economy (World Economic Forum April 17, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19 crisis has revealed a trade-off between global economic activities and climate change mitigation. From a long-term perspective, however, immediate response will be a shorter way to sustainable future while delays in mitigating and adapting to climate change can result in massive social and economic loss s. Fortunately, the return on investment in improving resilience to climate change can bring a “triple dividend”, namely, avoiding future losses, generating economic gains through innovation, and delivering social and environmental benefits (Global Commission on Adaptation). As agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;accounts for 23% of the anthropogenic GHG emissions, food and nutrition security must be achieved through strengthening the resilience of food supply chains and investing in sustainable agricultural intensification through sustainable and stable use of agricultural resources.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDavid J. Hayes. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.law.nyu.edu/centers/state-impact/press-publications/expert-commentary/flatten-climate-curve\u0022\u003EFlatten the (Climate) Curve. NYU School of Law.\u0026nbsp; March 31, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 20, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Commission on Adaptation. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/global-commission-on-adaptation/report\u0022\u003EADAPT NOW: THE URGENCY OF ACTION\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan Times. A\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/03/22/world/science-health-world/air-quality-coronavirus-quarantined-countries/#.Xp6VrcgzY2w\u0022\u003Eir quality improving in quarantined countries\u003C/a\u003E. March 22, 2020. \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENASA.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146362/airborne-nitrogen-dioxide-plummets-over-china\u0022\u003EAirborne Nitrogen Dioxide Plummets Over China\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EScripps Institution of Oceanography.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://scripps.ucsd.edu/programs/keelingcurve/2020/03/11/what-does-it-take-for-the-coronavirus-or-other-major-economic-events-to-affect-global-carbon-dioxide-readings/\u0022\u003EWhat does it take for the coronavirus (or other major economic events) to affect global carbon dioxide readings?\u003C/a\u003E, March 11, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EUnited In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP. (2019) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003EEmissions Gap Report 2019\u003C/a\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-could-trigger-the-biggest-fall-in-carbon-emissions-since-world-war-two-according-to-experts-d9b4629e47/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus could trigger biggest fall in carbon emissions since World War Two - but any decline could be short-lived\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 20, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/flattening-the-climate-curve-in-the-post-covid-world/\u0022\u003EFlattening the climate curve in the post-COVID world. April 17, 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 18, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 6. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200325\u0022\u003EClimate Change and Global Food Production Crisis - Call for Sustainable Resource Management Technology\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office) 　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200421_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200522_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "21. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Earth Day and Biodiversity", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "21. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Earth Day and Biodiversity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "As of April 22, 2020, which marks the 50th anniversary of International Earth Day, the COVID-19 continues to spread around the world. According to the United Nations, 75% of new infectious diseases that occur every four months are of animal origin, showing a very close relationship between humans, animals and environmental health. The destruction of biodiversity by human intervention in nature is believed to be responsible for the increase in zoonotic diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans. On this day dedicated to Mother Earth, the UN referred to COVID-19, climate crisis and loss of biodiversity, and called for the urgency to shift to a more sustainable economy that works for both people and the planet.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "As of April 22, 2020, which marks the 50th anniversary of International Earth Day, the COVID-19 continues to spread around the world. According to the United Nations, 75% of new infectious diseases that occur every four months are of animal origin, showing a very close relationship between humans, animals and environmental health. The destruction of biodiversity by human intervention in nature is believed to be responsible for the increase in zoonotic diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans. On this day dedicated to Mother Earth, the UN referred to COVID-19, climate crisis and loss of biodiversity, and called for the urgency to shift to a more sustainable economy that works for both people and the planet.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of April 22, 2020, the COVID-19 continues to spread around the world.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), one new infectious disease emerges in humans every 4 months, 75% of these emerging diseases come from animals. This shows the close relationship between human, animal and environmental health. In recent years, man-made changes to nature as well as crimes that disrupt biodiversity such as deforestation, land use change, intensified agriculture and livestock production or the growing illegal wildlife trade, is responsible for the increase contact and the transmission of infectious diseases from animals to humans (zoonotic diseases) (United Nations).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn 2019, the Intergovernmental Science Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) published the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services based on the systematic review of the impacts of economic development on nature over the last 50 years. The report warned of an unprecedented situation in human history, of which one million out of estimated eight million species of plants and animals on earth are now threatened with extinction, many within decades. The decrease in biodiversity is due to human activities that include, in descending order of impact, (1) changes in land and sea use, (2) direct exploitation of organisms, (3) climate change, (4) pollution and (5) invasive alien species. Loss of biodiversity can delay progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to poverty, hunger, health, water, cities, climate, oceans, forests etc. It is therefore necessary to recognize that within the context of increase in zoonotic diseases, biodiversity conservation is not only an environmental issue, but also a developmental, economic, security, social and moral issue as well.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EToday is April 22nd, 2020 and the world celebrates the 50th anniversary of \u0022International Earth Day”. On this day dedicated to Mother Earth, the UN referred to COVID-19, climate crisis and loss of biodiversity, and called for the urgency to shift to a more sustainable economy that works for both people and the planet. The agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors are closely linked to the major drivers of biodiversity loss such as (1) changes in land and sea use, (2) direct exploitation of biological organisms, and (3) climate change, and a shift to a system consistent with biodiversity conservation is necessary.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENote:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Pick Up 20 mentioned that nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is used as a measure of air pollution. The World Economic Forum created a \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wef-prod.earthtime.org/m/stories/pandemic_skies\u0022\u003Evisualization tool\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;to illustrate the improvement of air pollution in places that went into lockdown and suspension of economic activities.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIPBES\u0026nbsp;(2019) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u0022\u003EGlobal Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/en/observances/earth-day\u0022\u003EInternational Mother Earth Day April 22\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 22, 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/covid-19-restrictions-have-cleared-the-air-for-now/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 restrictions have cleared the air. For now\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 20. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Global Economic Crisis and Climate Change Countermeasures\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of April 22, 2020, the COVID-19 continues to spread around the world.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), one new infectious disease emerges in humans every 4 months, 75% of these emerging diseases come from animals. This shows the close relationship between human, animal and environmental health. In recent years, man-made changes to nature as well as crimes that disrupt biodiversity such as deforestation, land use change, intensified agriculture and livestock production or the growing illegal wildlife trade, is responsible for the increase contact and the transmission of infectious diseases from animals to humans (zoonotic diseases) (United Nations).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn 2019, the Intergovernmental Science Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) published the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services based on the systematic review of the impacts of economic development on nature over the last 50 years. The report warned of an unprecedented situation in human history, of which one million out of estimated eight million species of plants and animals on earth are now threatened with extinction, many within decades. The decrease in biodiversity is due to human activities that include, in descending order of impact, (1) changes in land and sea use, (2) direct exploitation of organisms, (3) climate change, (4) pollution and (5) invasive alien species. Loss of biodiversity can delay progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to poverty, hunger, health, water, cities, climate, oceans, forests etc. It is therefore necessary to recognize that within the context of increase in zoonotic diseases, biodiversity conservation is not only an environmental issue, but also a developmental, economic, security, social and moral issue as well.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EToday is April 22nd, 2020 and the world celebrates the 50th anniversary of \u0022International Earth Day”. On this day dedicated to Mother Earth, the UN referred to COVID-19, climate crisis and loss of biodiversity, and called for the urgency to shift to a more sustainable economy that works for both people and the planet. The agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors are closely linked to the major drivers of biodiversity loss such as (1) changes in land and sea use, (2) direct exploitation of biological organisms, and (3) climate change, and a shift to a system consistent with biodiversity conservation is necessary.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENote:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Pick Up 20 mentioned that nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is used as a measure of air pollution. The World Economic Forum created a \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wef-prod.earthtime.org/m/stories/pandemic_skies\u0022\u003Evisualization tool\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;to illustrate the improvement of air pollution in places that went into lockdown and suspension of economic activities.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIPBES\u0026nbsp;(2019) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u0022\u003EGlobal Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/en/observances/earth-day\u0022\u003EInternational Mother Earth Day April 22\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 22, 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/covid-19-restrictions-have-cleared-the-air-for-now/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 restrictions have cleared the air. For now\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 20. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Global Economic Crisis and Climate Change Countermeasures\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200422#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "21. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　アースデイと生物多様性", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "21. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Earth Day and Biodiversity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際アースデー50周年を迎える2020年4月22日現在、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) が世界中を席巻しています。国連によると、4か月ごとに発生する新しい感染症の75％は動物由来であるとされ、人間・動物・自然環境の間に極めて密接な関係があることを示しています。近年、動物から人へ伝播可能な人獣共通感染症 (zoonotic diseases) が増加している背景には、自然への人為的介入による生物多様性の破壊が多かれ少なかれ関わっていると考えられています 。国連は、COVID-19と気候危機・生物多様性の喪失に言及し、人々と地球双方に優しい持続的経済へのシフトの緊急性を喚起しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "As of April 22, 2020, which marks the 50th anniversary of International Earth Day, the COVID-19 continues to spread around the world. According to the United Nations, 75% of new infectious diseases that occur every four months are of animal origin, showing a very close relationship between humans, animals and environmental health. The destruction of biodiversity by human intervention in nature is believed to be responsible for the increase in zoonotic diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans. On this day dedicated to Mother Earth, the UN referred to COVID-19, climate crisis and loss of biodiversity, and called for the urgency to shift to a more sustainable economy that works for both people and the planet.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月22日現在、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) が世界中を席巻しています。国連環境計画 (UNEP)によると、4か月ごとに新しい感染症が発生し、その75％は動物由来であるとのことです。感染症の発現は、人間・動物・自然環境の間に極めて密接な関係があることを示しています。近年、動物から人へ伝播可能な人獣共通感染症 (zoonotic diseases) が増加している背景には、森林破壊・土地利用変化・化学肥料や薬品多用の農畜産業経営・違法な野生動物の取引増加、を通じた自然への人為的介入による生物多様性の破壊が多かれ少なかれ関わっていると考えられています (United Nations) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2019年、「生物多様性及び生態系サービスに関する政府間科学－政策プラットフォーム（IPBES）」は、過去50年間に経済開発が自然にもたらした影響の包括的な分析に基づいて、『生物多様性と生態系サービスに関する地球規模アセスメント報告書』を公表しました。IPBESは、今日、800万の動植物種のうち、100万種が今から数十年内に絶滅しかねないという、人類史上いまだかつてない状況に直面していると警鐘を鳴らしました。生物多様性の減少は人間活動に起因するものであり、影響の大きいものから順に、(1)土地及び海洋の利用の変化、(2)生物有機体の直接利用、(3)気候変動、(4)汚染、(5)侵略的外来種、が要因と考えられています。生物多様性の喪失は、貧困、飢餓、健康、水、都市、気候、海洋、森林等に関連する持続可能な開発目標(SDGs)達成の進捗を遅らせかねません。人獣共通感染症の増加の背景も踏まえれば、生物多様性の保全は、単なる環境問題を超え、開発、経済、安全保障、社会、規範等多くの分野に関連する課題であることを認識する必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本日4月22日は「国際アースデー」であり、今年2020年はとくに50年目の節目だそうです。国連は、COVID-19と気候危機・生物多様性の喪失に言及し、アースデーを機に、人々と地球双方に優しい持続的経済へのシフトの緊急性を喚起しました。生物多様性の喪失要因である、(1)土地及び海洋の利用の変化、(2)生物有機体の直接利用、(3)気候変動、と密接に関わる農林水産業も、生物多様性保全と整合的な持続的システムへの転換が求められます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E追記：Pick Up 20で、二酸化窒素 (NO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C/sub\u003E) が大気汚染の尺度として使われることについて言及しましたが、ロックダウンによる経済活動停止による大気汚染の改善をよりビジュアル化して示したサイトが次のリンクに開設されたそうです(World Economic Forum: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wef-prod.earthtime.org/m/stories/pandemic_skies\u0022\u003Ehttps://wef-prod.earthtime.org/m/stories/pandemic_skies\u003C/a\u003E ) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIntergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) (2019) Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u0022\u003Ehttps://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;(参考) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190510\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190510\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. International Mother Earth Day April 22, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/en/observances/earth-day\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/en/observances/earth-day\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 22, 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. COVID-19 restrictions have cleared the air. For now. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/covid-19-restrictions-have-cleared-the-air-for-now/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/covid-19-restrictions-have-cleared-the-air-for-now/\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 20. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　世界経済危機と気候変動対策 \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of April 22, 2020, the COVID-19 continues to spread around the world.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), one new infectious disease emerges in humans every 4 months, 75% of these emerging diseases come from animals. This shows the close relationship between human, animal and environmental health. In recent years, man-made changes to nature as well as crimes that disrupt biodiversity such as deforestation, land use change, intensified agriculture and livestock production or the growing illegal wildlife trade, is responsible for the increase contact and the transmission of infectious diseases from animals to humans (zoonotic diseases) (United Nations).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn 2019, the Intergovernmental Science Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) published the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services based on the systematic review of the impacts of economic development on nature over the last 50 years. The report warned of an unprecedented situation in human history, of which one million out of estimated eight million species of plants and animals on earth are now threatened with extinction, many within decades. The decrease in biodiversity is due to human activities that include, in descending order of impact, (1) changes in land and sea use, (2) direct exploitation of organisms, (3) climate change, (4) pollution and (5) invasive alien species. Loss of biodiversity can delay progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to poverty, hunger, health, water, cities, climate, oceans, forests etc. It is therefore necessary to recognize that within the context of increase in zoonotic diseases, biodiversity conservation is not only an environmental issue, but also a developmental, economic, security, social and moral issue as well.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EToday is April 22nd, 2020 and the world celebrates the 50th anniversary of \u0022International Earth Day”. On this day dedicated to Mother Earth, the UN referred to COVID-19, climate crisis and loss of biodiversity, and called for the urgency to shift to a more sustainable economy that works for both people and the planet. The agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors are closely linked to the major drivers of biodiversity loss such as (1) changes in land and sea use, (2) direct exploitation of biological organisms, and (3) climate change, and a shift to a system consistent with biodiversity conservation is necessary.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENote:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Pick Up 20 mentioned that nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is used as a measure of air pollution. The World Economic Forum created a \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wef-prod.earthtime.org/m/stories/pandemic_skies\u0022\u003Evisualization tool\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;to illustrate the improvement of air pollution in places that went into lockdown and suspension of economic activities.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIPBES\u0026nbsp;(2019) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://ipbes.net/news/Media-Release-Global-Assessment\u0022\u003EGlobal Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/en/observances/earth-day\u0022\u003EInternational Mother Earth Day April 22\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on April 22, 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/covid-19-restrictions-have-cleared-the-air-for-now/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 restrictions have cleared the air. For now\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 20. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Global Economic Crisis and Climate Change Countermeasures\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200422_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200520#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "22. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Hunger Pandemic", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "22. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Hunger Pandemic", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations World Food Program (UNWFP) has expressed concern that the new coronavirus (COVID-19) could put 265 million people at the risk of acute hunger by the end of 2020. This number represents the scale of catastrophe we are facing. Of particular concern to the spread of health hazards from viruses are people living in conflict areas or forced to leave their homes and enter refugee camps. Viruses can spread in crowded camps. Similarly, people living in cramped and unsanitary urban slums will be at risk.\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations World Food Program (UNWFP) has expressed concern that the new coronavirus (COVID-19) could put 265 million people at the risk of acute hunger by the end of 2020. This number represents the scale of catastrophe we are facing. Of particular concern to the spread of health hazards from viruses are people living in conflict areas or forced to leave their homes and enter refugee camps. Viruses can spread in crowded camps. Similarly, people living in cramped and unsanitary urban slums will be at risk.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations World Food Program (UNWFP) has expressed concern that the new coronavirus (COVID-19) could put 265 million people at the risk of acute hunger by the end of 2020. That figure is almost double the number of 135 million in the Global Food Crisis Report: 2020, published this month by the Food Security Information Network (FSIN).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report was prepared before the emergence of the new coronavirus pandemic, with 135 million people in 55 countries facing severe hunger, mainly as a result of conflict, the effects of climate change, and the economic crisis. The new figures indicate that the lives and livelihoods of 130 million people in lower and middle-income countries will be at risk unless prompt action is taken. This number represents the scale of catastrophe we are facing.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOf particular concern to the spread of health hazards from viruses are people living in conflict areas or forced to leave their homes and enter refugee camps. Viruses can spread in crowded camps. Similarly, people living in cramped and unsanitary urban slums will be at risk.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFurthermore, the effects of the new coronavirus are not limited to health damage, and it is necessary to prepare for the second and third waves. People are losing their sources of livelihoods and incomes, while at the same time disrupting their supply chains. These will be double punches that widen both the breadth and depth of hunger worldwide.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThere is concern over sudden poverty in urban middle classes, day laborers, informal and service workers. In urban areas, people are more vulnerable to price volatility and food availability as they depend on the markets for food. Sudden and sharp declines in purchasing power are particularly problematic, especially in poor countries where there are not enough financial resources to launch a large safety net program.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor countries in Africa and the Middle East, stagnation in trade is expected to have serious consequences. Sub-Saharan African countries imported more than 40 million tons of cereals from all over the world in 2018. Reliance on imports makes them vulnerable to risks such as price fluctuations during the global crisis. At the same time, countries that depend on fuel exports, such as Angola and Nigeria, are likely to be hit hard. When trade stops, humanitarian activity also stops. While the lives of millions of people depend on trade, and there are concerns about its implications for food security, these countries\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;appealed for trade promotion on the premise that setting of trade barriers often fails.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe UN WFP is providing information related to COVID-19.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hungermap.wfp.org/\u0022\u003EHunger Map LIVE\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;and \u003Ca href=\u0022https://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u0022\u003EHunger Analytics Hub\u003C/a\u003E monitor in real-time the hunger and COVID-19 situations in countries where UN WFP is active.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETens of millions of people who are already in hunger need to be immune to the economic consequences of this virus, in addition to their health and loss of livelihood and income brought about by COVID-19. While the governments of each affected countries are doing everything to help their people, the UN WFP is calling for funding to provide even faster support to the most vulnerable.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Programme Insight. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://insight.wfp.org/covid-19-will-almost-double-people-in-acute-hunger-by-end-of-2020-59df0c4a8072\u0022\u003ERisk of hunger pandemic as COVID-19 set to almost double acute hunger by end of 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Food Security Information Network (FSIN). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC_2020_ONLINE_200420.pdf\u0022\u003E2020 Global Report on Food Crises\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Aaccessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://hungermap.wfp.org/\u0022\u003EHungerMap LIVE\u003C/a\u003E.Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u0022\u003EHunger Analytics Hub\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations World Food Program (UNWFP) has expressed concern that the new coronavirus (COVID-19) could put 265 million people at the risk of acute hunger by the end of 2020. That figure is almost double the number of 135 million in the Global Food Crisis Report: 2020, published this month by the Food Security Information Network (FSIN).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report was prepared before the emergence of the new coronavirus pandemic, with 135 million people in 55 countries facing severe hunger, mainly as a result of conflict, the effects of climate change, and the economic crisis. The new figures indicate that the lives and livelihoods of 130 million people in lower and middle-income countries will be at risk unless prompt action is taken. This number represents the scale of catastrophe we are facing.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOf particular concern to the spread of health hazards from viruses are people living in conflict areas or forced to leave their homes and enter refugee camps. Viruses can spread in crowded camps. Similarly, people living in cramped and unsanitary urban slums will be at risk.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFurthermore, the effects of the new coronavirus are not limited to health damage, and it is necessary to prepare for the second and third waves. People are losing their sources of livelihoods and incomes, while at the same time disrupting their supply chains. These will be double punches that widen both the breadth and depth of hunger worldwide.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThere is concern over sudden poverty in urban middle classes, day laborers, informal and service workers. In urban areas, people are more vulnerable to price volatility and food availability as they depend on the markets for food. Sudden and sharp declines in purchasing power are particularly problematic, especially in poor countries where there are not enough financial resources to launch a large safety net program.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor countries in Africa and the Middle East, stagnation in trade is expected to have serious consequences. Sub-Saharan African countries imported more than 40 million tons of cereals from all over the world in 2018. Reliance on imports makes them vulnerable to risks such as price fluctuations during the global crisis. At the same time, countries that depend on fuel exports, such as Angola and Nigeria, are likely to be hit hard. When trade stops, humanitarian activity also stops. While the lives of millions of people depend on trade, and there are concerns about its implications for food security, these countries\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;appealed for trade promotion on the premise that setting of trade barriers often fails.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe UN WFP is providing information related to COVID-19.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hungermap.wfp.org/\u0022\u003EHunger Map LIVE\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;and \u003Ca href=\u0022https://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u0022\u003EHunger Analytics Hub\u003C/a\u003E monitor in real-time the hunger and COVID-19 situations in countries where UN WFP is active.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETens of millions of people who are already in hunger need to be immune to the economic consequences of this virus, in addition to their health and loss of livelihood and income brought about by COVID-19. While the governments of each affected countries are doing everything to help their people, the UN WFP is calling for funding to provide even faster support to the most vulnerable.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Programme Insight. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://insight.wfp.org/covid-19-will-almost-double-people-in-acute-hunger-by-end-of-2020-59df0c4a8072\u0022\u003ERisk of hunger pandemic as COVID-19 set to almost double acute hunger by end of 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Food Security Information Network (FSIN). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC_2020_ONLINE_200420.pdf\u0022\u003E2020 Global Report on Food Crises\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Aaccessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://hungermap.wfp.org/\u0022\u003EHungerMap LIVE\u003C/a\u003E.Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u0022\u003EHunger Analytics Hub\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200423#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "22. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 飢餓のパンデミック", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "22. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Hunger Pandemic", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連世界食糧計画（国連WFP）は、新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）によって、急性の飢餓が2020年末までに2億6500万人にのぼるリスクがあるとの懸念を表明しました。この数字は、私たちの直面している大災害の規模を表しています。ウイルスによる健康被害の拡大が特に懸念されるのは、紛争地域に住む人々や、自宅を離れて難民キャンプに入らざるをえない人々です。混雑したキャンプではウイルスが蔓延する可能性があります。同様に、窮屈で不衛生な都市のスラムに住む人々も危険にさらされるでしょう。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations World Food Program (UNWFP) has expressed concern that the new coronavirus (COVID-19) could put 265 million people at the risk of acute hunger by the end of 2020. This number represents the scale of catastrophe we are facing. Of particular concern to the spread of health hazards from viruses are people living in conflict areas or forced to leave their homes and enter refugee camps. Viruses can spread in crowded camps. Similarly, people living in cramped and unsanitary urban slums will be at risk.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国連世界食糧計画（国連WFP）は、新型コロナウイルス（COVID-19）によって、急性の飢餓が2020年末までに2億6500万人にのぼるリスクがあるとの懸念を表明しました。この数字は、今月食料安全保障情報ネットワーク（FSIN）から発行された報告書「食料危機に関するグローバル報告書：2020年版」で示された1億3500万人の2倍近くにも及びます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書は新型コロナウイルスのパンデミックが出現する前に作成されたもので、55か国で1億3500万人が、主に紛争、気候変動の影響、および経済危機の結果として深刻な飢餓に直面していると推測していました。今回新たに出された数字では、迅速な対応がとられない限り、さらに低中所得国の1億3千万人の生命と暮らしがリスクにさらされるとしました。この数字は、私たちの直面している大災害の規模を表しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eウイルスによる健康被害の拡大が特に懸念されるのは、紛争地域に住む人々や、自宅を離れて難民キャンプに入らざるをえない人々です。混雑したキャンプではウイルスが蔓延する可能性があります。同様に、窮屈で不衛生な都市のスラムに住む人々も危険にさらされるでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eさらに新型コロナウイルスの影響は健康被害だけに留まらず、第2波と第3波に備える必要があるとされました。人々は生活と収入を失っており、同時にサプライチェーンが混乱しています。これらは、世界中で飢餓の幅広さと底深さの両方が拡大するダブルパンチになります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E都市部の中産階級、日雇い労働者、インフォーマルおよびサービス部門で働く人々が突然貧困に陥ることが懸念されます。都市部では人々は食料を市場での購入に依存しているため、価格変動や食料の入手可能性に対してより脆弱だといえます。特に、大規模なセーフティネットプログラムを開始するのに十分な財政的余裕がない貧しい国々では、購買力の突然かつ急激な低下が問題となります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカや中東の国々にとっては貿易の停滞による深刻な影響が予期されます。サブサハラアフリカ諸国は、2018年に世界中から4000万トンを超える穀物を輸入しました。輸入に依存していると、世界的な危機の際の価格変動などのリスクに対して脆弱になります。同時にアンゴラやナイジェリア等、燃料輸出に依存する国々も大きな打撃を受けると考えられます。貿易が止まると人道活動も止まります。何百万もの人々の生活が貿易に依存しており、食料安全保障への影響が懸念される一方、食料のため込みや貿易障壁の設置はしばしば機能しないとして、貿易促進を訴えました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国連WFPは、COVID-19に関連した情報提供を行っています。Hunger Map LIVE（\u003Ca href=\u0022https://hungermap.wfp.org/\u0022\u003Ehungermap.wfp.org/\u003C/a\u003E）やHunger Analytics Hub（\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u0022\u003Ehttps://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u003C/a\u003E）では、国連WFPの活動している国々の飢餓の状況やCOVID-19のデータがほぼリアルタイムでモニターされています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eすでに飢餓の危機に瀕している何千万人もの人々が、このウイルスによって、健康に加え、生活と収入の損失という経済的影響にも負けないようにする必要があります。各国政府は国民を支援するためにできる限りのことをしているとしつつも、最も脆弱な人々に対するさらなる迅速な支援を行うため、国連WFPは資金拠出を呼びかけています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Programme Insight. Risk of hunger pandemic as COVID-19 set to almost double acute hunger by end f 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://insight.wfp.org/covid-19-will-almost-double-people-in-acute-hunger-by-end-of-2020-59df0c4a8072\u0022\u003Ehttps://insight.wfp.org/covid-19-will-almost-double-people-in-acute-hunger-by-end-of-2020-59df0c4a8072\u003C/a\u003E　Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Food Security Information Network (FSIN). 2020 Global Report on Food Crises. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC_2020_ONLINE_200420.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC_2020_ONLINE_200420.pdf\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP. HungerMap LIVE. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://hungermap.wfp.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://hungermap.wfp.org/\u003C/a\u003E accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP. Hunger Analytics Hub. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u0022\u003Ehttps://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u003C/a\u003E accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations World Food Program (UNWFP) has expressed concern that the new coronavirus (COVID-19) could put 265 million people at the risk of acute hunger by the end of 2020. That figure is almost double the number of 135 million in the Global Food Crisis Report: 2020, published this month by the Food Security Information Network (FSIN).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report was prepared before the emergence of the new coronavirus pandemic, with 135 million people in 55 countries facing severe hunger, mainly as a result of conflict, the effects of climate change, and the economic crisis. The new figures indicate that the lives and livelihoods of 130 million people in lower and middle-income countries will be at risk unless prompt action is taken. This number represents the scale of catastrophe we are facing.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOf particular concern to the spread of health hazards from viruses are people living in conflict areas or forced to leave their homes and enter refugee camps. Viruses can spread in crowded camps. Similarly, people living in cramped and unsanitary urban slums will be at risk.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFurthermore, the effects of the new coronavirus are not limited to health damage, and it is necessary to prepare for the second and third waves. People are losing their sources of livelihoods and incomes, while at the same time disrupting their supply chains. These will be double punches that widen both the breadth and depth of hunger worldwide.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThere is concern over sudden poverty in urban middle classes, day laborers, informal and service workers. In urban areas, people are more vulnerable to price volatility and food availability as they depend on the markets for food. Sudden and sharp declines in purchasing power are particularly problematic, especially in poor countries where there are not enough financial resources to launch a large safety net program.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor countries in Africa and the Middle East, stagnation in trade is expected to have serious consequences. Sub-Saharan African countries imported more than 40 million tons of cereals from all over the world in 2018. Reliance on imports makes them vulnerable to risks such as price fluctuations during the global crisis. At the same time, countries that depend on fuel exports, such as Angola and Nigeria, are likely to be hit hard. When trade stops, humanitarian activity also stops. While the lives of millions of people depend on trade, and there are concerns about its implications for food security, these countries\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;appealed for trade promotion on the premise that setting of trade barriers often fails.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe UN WFP is providing information related to COVID-19.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hungermap.wfp.org/\u0022\u003EHunger Map LIVE\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;and \u003Ca href=\u0022https://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u0022\u003EHunger Analytics Hub\u003C/a\u003E monitor in real-time the hunger and COVID-19 situations in countries where UN WFP is active.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETens of millions of people who are already in hunger need to be immune to the economic consequences of this virus, in addition to their health and loss of livelihood and income brought about by COVID-19. While the governments of each affected countries are doing everything to help their people, the UN WFP is calling for funding to provide even faster support to the most vulnerable.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Programme Insight. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://insight.wfp.org/covid-19-will-almost-double-people-in-acute-hunger-by-end-of-2020-59df0c4a8072\u0022\u003ERisk of hunger pandemic as COVID-19 set to almost double acute hunger by end of 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Food Security Information Network (FSIN). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/GRFC_2020_ONLINE_200420.pdf\u0022\u003E2020 Global Report on Food Crises\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Aaccessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://hungermap.wfp.org/\u0022\u003EHungerMap LIVE\u003C/a\u003E.Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://dataviz.vam.wfp.org/Hunger-Analytics-Hub\u0022\u003EHunger Analytics Hub\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on April 22, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200423_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200521_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "IRENA’s Global Renewables Outlook: Energy Transformation 2050", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "IRENA’s Global Renewables Outlook: Energy Transformation 2050", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "“Global Renewables Outlook: Energy Transformation 2050”, formerly known as “Global Energy Transformation: a roadmap to 2050”, was published by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in April 2020. This comprehensive analysis outlines the investments and technologies needed to decarbonize the energy system in line with the Paris Agreement. It also explores deeper decarbonization options for the hardest sectors, aiming to eventually cut CO2 emissions to zero. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "“Global Renewables Outlook: Energy Transformation 2050”, formerly known as “Global Energy Transformation: a roadmap to 2050”, was published by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in April 2020. This comprehensive analysis outlines the investments and technologies needed to decarbonize the energy system in line with the Paris Agreement. It also explores deeper decarbonization options for the hardest sectors, aiming to eventually cut CO2 emissions to zero. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E“Global Renewables Outlook: Energy Transformation 2050”, formerly known as “Global Energy Transformation: a roadmap to 2050”, was published by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in April 2020. \u0026nbsp;This comprehensive analysis outlines the investments and technologies needed to decarbonize the energy system in line with the Paris Agreement. It also explores deeper decarbonization options for the hardest sectors, aiming to eventually cut CO2 emissions to zero.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/publications/2020/Apr/Global-Renewables-Outlook-2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E“Global Renewables Outlook: Energy Transformation 2050”, formerly known as “Global Energy Transformation: a roadmap to 2050”, was published by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in April 2020. \u0026nbsp;This comprehensive analysis outlines the investments and technologies needed to decarbonize the energy system in line with the Paris Agreement. It also explores deeper decarbonization options for the hardest sectors, aiming to eventually cut CO2 emissions to zero.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/publications/2020/Apr/Global-Renewables-Outlook-2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200425#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）「世界の再生可能エネルギーの展望」の概要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "IRENA’s Global Renewables Outlook: Energy Transformation 2050", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/intlorg", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "国際機関動向", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International Organization", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "「世界の再生可能エネルギーの展望」（原文：The Global Renewables Outlook）は、持続可能な将来のエネルギーシステムの確立に向け、2050年までに必要な気候変動のリスクを低減する投資のオプション、エネルギー転換に必要な政策枠組み、地域ごとに異なる課題等を詳述しています。なお、「世界の再生可能エネルギーの展望」は、「世界のエネルギー転換：2050年までのロードマップ」（2019年版については、2019年4月11日付け本欄、国際機関動向（https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190411_0）を参照）を引き継いだものです。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "“Global Renewables Outlook: Energy Transformation 2050”, formerly known as “Global Energy Transformation: a roadmap to 2050”, was published by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in April 2020. This comprehensive analysis outlines the investments and technologies needed to decarbonize the energy system in line with the Paris Agreement. It also explores deeper decarbonization options for the hardest sectors, aiming to eventually cut CO2 emissions to zero. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）「世界の再生可能エネルギーの展望」の概要\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）による包括的な本報告では、パリ協定を踏まえたエネルギーシステムの脱炭素化に必要な投資や技術について分析するとともに、究極的にCO2排出をゼロにするために、脱炭素化が困難な業界の取組方策について検討を加えた「より大規模な脱炭素化見通し」についても提示しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eエネルギーと気候変動の目標はそれぞれが関連性を有するものであり、地域レベル及び国レベルでのエネルギー及び気候変動に関する政策目標のかさ上げが不可欠です。本報告では、世界各国を10の地域に区分して、地域毎のエネルギー転換のシナリオについて論じています。包括的な政策の導入は、エネルギーと気候変動の問題への対処を可能にするだけでなく、社会経済的な課題の解決にもつながり、脱炭素化された社会の実現に寄与します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eその他の重要な論点には、以下の内容が含まれます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E2010年以降、エネルギー関連のCO2排出量は毎年１％の伸び。コロナウイルス危機及び原油価格の暴落によって2020年の排出量は抑制される見込みである一方、回復基調になれば長期的なトレンドに逆戻りする可能性が高い。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E再生可能エネルギーの利用拡大、エネルギー効率の改善、電化・電力利用の推進によって実現するエネルギー転換は、広範な社会経済の発展をもたらす。本報告で提示されている「エネルギー転換シナリオ」は、エネルギー分野への投資がパリ協定の2度目標と整合した形で行われることを前提としている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E上記の「エネルギー転換シナリオ」においても依然として残るCO2排出は、その削減が技術的に最も困難であり、その脱炭素化には多額のコストを要する。本報告が提示する「より大規模な脱炭素化見通し」では、排出ゼロの実現に向けた革新的な技術、ビジネスモデル、行動適応の必要性について論じている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E破壊的な影響をもたらす気候変動を避けるためには、エネルギー利用の脱炭素化を早期に進める必要があり、そのためには国際協力が不可欠である。コロナウイルス禍においても排出削減の必要性に何ら変わりはなく、クリーンエネルギーへの投資を確実に行うことで、目先のことのみに捉われた意思決定を抑止し、さらなる座礁資産の拡大を招く事態を防ぐことが可能となる。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eコロナウイルスのパンデミックが終息した後の経済回復策においては、調整力を備えた送配電網の整備、エネルギー効率の改善、電気自動車の充電インフラの拡充、エネルギー貯蔵、相互接続した水力発電、グリーン水素等、長期的なエネルギー及び気候の持続可能性に寄与する技術への投資を進めることが重要。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより詳しい内容に関しては、以下のサイトを通じ報告書原文を参照のこと。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（本文）https://www.irena.org/publications/2020/Apr/Global-Renewables-Outlook-2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（IRENAニュースリリース）https://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2020/Apr/Renewable-energy-can-support-resilient-and-equitable-recovery\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eなお、概要に関する本翻訳は、IRENAから公式に承認を受けたものではなく、翻訳上の誤りなどの責任は文責にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究コーディネーター　　増山寿政）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E“Global Renewables Outlook: Energy Transformation 2050”, formerly known as “Global Energy Transformation: a roadmap to 2050”, was published by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) in April 2020. \u0026nbsp;This comprehensive analysis outlines the investments and technologies needed to decarbonize the energy system in line with the Paris Agreement. It also explores deeper decarbonization options for the hardest sectors, aiming to eventually cut CO2 emissions to zero.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/publications/2020/Apr/Global-Renewables-Outlook-2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200522#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "23. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― WMO Report: Economic Impact of Global Warming", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "23. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― WMO Report: Economic Impact of Global Warming", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Meteorological Organization released a report, “The Global Climate in 2015–2019”\u0022 on April 22, 2020. According to the report, the physical signs of climate change and the impact on our planet have gathered pace, reaching a crescendo in the past five years, and this trend is expected to continue. Whilst COVID-19 has caused a severe international health and economic crisis, failure to tackle climate change may threaten human well-being, ecosystems and economies for centuries.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Meteorological Organization released a report, “The Global Climate in 2015–2019”\u0022 on April 22, 2020. According to the report, the physical signs of climate change and the impact on our planet have gathered pace, reaching a crescendo in the past five years, and this trend is expected to continue. Whilst COVID-19 has caused a severe international health and economic crisis, failure to tackle climate change may threaten human well-being, ecosystems and economies for centuries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO) published the \u0022Global Climate 2015–2019\u0022 report on April 22, 2020 to mark the 50th anniversary of Earth Day. A preliminary version was issued ahead of the United Nations Secretary-General’s Climate Action Summit in September 2019. According to the report, the physical signs of climate change and the impact on our planet\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;have gathered pace, reaching a crescendo in the past five years. This trend is expected to continue\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and Whilst COVID-19 has caused a severe international health and economic crisis, failure to tackle climate change may threaten human well-being, ecosystems and economies for centuries Below is an overview of this report and blog (WMO April 22, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe five-year period 2015–2019 is likely to be the warmest of any equivalent period on record globally, with a 1.1 °C global temperature increase since the pre-industrial period and a 0.2°C increase compared to the previous five-year period. The average global temperature has increased by 0.86°C since the 1970s,Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and other key greenhouse gases in the atmosphere rose to new records, with CO2 growth rates 18% higher in 2015-2019 than the previous five years. The rise in greenhouse gas emissions has led to the\u0026nbsp;acceleration of rising sea levels, a continued decline in the Arctic sea-ice extent, an abrupt decrease in Antarctic sea ice, continued ice mass loss in the glaciers and the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, and the clear downward trend in the northern hemisphere spring snow cover,\u0026nbsp;and frequent heat waves and forest fires. Floods create an environment that causes outbreaks of epidemics, with nearly 1.3 billion people at risk of cholera infections. It is estimated that 40 million people in Africa alone live in cholera “hot spots”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate change causes tremendous socio-economic damages. The\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;costliest disasters are tropical cyclones associated with floods and landslides, with Hurricane Harvey in 2017 costing an economic loss of more than $125 billion. The risks associated with climate change have also threatened food security in many countries, especially in Africa, through droughts and floods. Higher temperatures can threaten to undermine development through adverse impacts on\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the GDP of developing countries. WMO quoted the International Monetary Fund\u0027s (IMF) analysis in its blog, stating that\u0026nbsp;for a median-and low-income developing country, with an annual average temperature of 25°C, the effect of a 1°C increase in temperature leads to a growth decrease of 1.2%.\u0026nbsp;Countries whose economies are projected to be significantly adversely affected by an increase in temperature produced only about 20% of global GDP in 2016; however, they are currently home to nearly 60% of the global population and are projected to be home to more than 75% by the end of the century. Therefore, their negative impacts of climate change to those countries will affect the global economy.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA new global mean temperature record is likely to occur in the next five-year period (2020-2024), according to multi-model climate predictions COVID-19 may result in a temporary reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, but it is not a substitute for sustained climate action. And it will make it more difficult to tackle weather, climate and water-related hazards which are becoming more acute because of climate change. COVID-19 is an international health and economic crisis, but human society, ecosystems, and economies could face a crisis for centuries if the world is not united in the same way to address climate change. Traditionally, post-crisis recovery has been accompanied by a rise in greenhouse gases, but post-COVID-19 economic stimulus measures should be aimed at helping the economy grow back greener.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​WMO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/earth-day-highlights-climate-action\u0022\u003EEarth Day highlights Climate Action\u003C/a\u003E. April 22, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=9936\u0022\u003EThe Global Climate in 2015–2019\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EUnited In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin\u0026nbsp;- \u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.XscTeS-cajj\u0022\u003ENo. 15:\u0026nbsp;The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO) published the \u0022Global Climate 2015–2019\u0022 report on April 22, 2020 to mark the 50th anniversary of Earth Day. A preliminary version was issued ahead of the United Nations Secretary-General’s Climate Action Summit in September 2019. According to the report, the physical signs of climate change and the impact on our planet\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;have gathered pace, reaching a crescendo in the past five years. This trend is expected to continue\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and Whilst COVID-19 has caused a severe international health and economic crisis, failure to tackle climate change may threaten human well-being, ecosystems and economies for centuries Below is an overview of this report and blog (WMO April 22, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe five-year period 2015–2019 is likely to be the warmest of any equivalent period on record globally, with a 1.1 °C global temperature increase since the pre-industrial period and a 0.2°C increase compared to the previous five-year period. The average global temperature has increased by 0.86°C since the 1970s,Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and other key greenhouse gases in the atmosphere rose to new records, with CO2 growth rates 18% higher in 2015-2019 than the previous five years. The rise in greenhouse gas emissions has led to the\u0026nbsp;acceleration of rising sea levels, a continued decline in the Arctic sea-ice extent, an abrupt decrease in Antarctic sea ice, continued ice mass loss in the glaciers and the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, and the clear downward trend in the northern hemisphere spring snow cover,\u0026nbsp;and frequent heat waves and forest fires. Floods create an environment that causes outbreaks of epidemics, with nearly 1.3 billion people at risk of cholera infections. It is estimated that 40 million people in Africa alone live in cholera “hot spots”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate change causes tremendous socio-economic damages. The\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;costliest disasters are tropical cyclones associated with floods and landslides, with Hurricane Harvey in 2017 costing an economic loss of more than $125 billion. The risks associated with climate change have also threatened food security in many countries, especially in Africa, through droughts and floods. Higher temperatures can threaten to undermine development through adverse impacts on\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the GDP of developing countries. WMO quoted the International Monetary Fund\u0027s (IMF) analysis in its blog, stating that\u0026nbsp;for a median-and low-income developing country, with an annual average temperature of 25°C, the effect of a 1°C increase in temperature leads to a growth decrease of 1.2%.\u0026nbsp;Countries whose economies are projected to be significantly adversely affected by an increase in temperature produced only about 20% of global GDP in 2016; however, they are currently home to nearly 60% of the global population and are projected to be home to more than 75% by the end of the century. Therefore, their negative impacts of climate change to those countries will affect the global economy.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA new global mean temperature record is likely to occur in the next five-year period (2020-2024), according to multi-model climate predictions COVID-19 may result in a temporary reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, but it is not a substitute for sustained climate action. And it will make it more difficult to tackle weather, climate and water-related hazards which are becoming more acute because of climate change. COVID-19 is an international health and economic crisis, but human society, ecosystems, and economies could face a crisis for centuries if the world is not united in the same way to address climate change. Traditionally, post-crisis recovery has been accompanied by a rise in greenhouse gases, but post-COVID-19 economic stimulus measures should be aimed at helping the economy grow back greener.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​WMO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/earth-day-highlights-climate-action\u0022\u003EEarth Day highlights Climate Action\u003C/a\u003E. April 22, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=9936\u0022\u003EThe Global Climate in 2015–2019\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EUnited In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin\u0026nbsp;- \u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.XscTeS-cajj\u0022\u003ENo. 15:\u0026nbsp;The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200426#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "23. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 世界気象機関 (WMO)報告：地球温暖化の経済インパクト", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "23. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― WMO Report: Economic Impact of Global Warming", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界気象機関(World Meteorological Organization)は、2020年4月22日、「2015-2019年グローバル気候報告書(The Global Climate in 2015–2019)」を公表しました。WMOは、過去5年間に気候変動の兆候と地球へのインパクトは次第に勢いを増し、今後もこの傾向が続くと予想される中、さらに新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)が気候変動の社会経済的影響を悪化させていると警鐘を鳴らしました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Meteorological Organization released a report, “The Global Climate in 2015–2019”\u0022 on April 22, 2020. According to the report, the physical signs of climate change and the impact on our planet have gathered pace, reaching a crescendo in the past five years, and this trend is expected to continue. Whilst COVID-19 has caused a severe international health and economic crisis, failure to tackle climate change may threaten human well-being, ecosystems and economies for centuries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界気象機関(World Meteorological Organization)は、2020年4月22日、「2015-2019年グローバル気候報告書(The Global Climate in 2015–2019)」を公表しました。「2015-2019年グローバル気候報告書」の一部は2019年9月国連気候アクション・サミットでも発表されました（参考資料）。今回、WMOは、過去5年間に気候変動の兆候と地球へのインパクトは次第に勢いを増し、今後もこの傾向が続くと予想される中、さらに新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)が気候変動の社会経済的影響を悪化させていると警鐘を鳴らしました。以下、今回の報告書とブログ(WMO April 22, 2020)の概要を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2015-2019年の気温は2011-2015年に比べて0.2℃高く、1970年に比べ世界平均気温は0.86℃上昇し、産業革命以前に比べると既に地球は1. 1℃熱くなっています。大気中の温室効果ガスも最高値を記録し、とくに二酸化炭素は、2015-2019年の間、それ以前の5年間に比べて18％上昇しました。温室効果ガス排出の上昇は、海水面の上昇、北極海氷・南極海氷・氷河・南極やグリーンランド氷床の消滅、北半球における春の積雪の減少、熱波や山火事の頻発、といった現象にも表れています。洪水は伝染病の集団発生をもたらす環境を生み出し、13億近くの人々がコレラ感染のリスクにさらされ、アフリカだけでも4000万人が取り分けリスクの高い「ホットスポット」に置かれていると推定されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動は甚大的な社会経済被害をもたらします。気象災害の中でも最大の影響をもたらすのが洪水・地すべりを伴うサイクローンですが、とくに2018年のハリケーンHarveyは1250憶ドル相当の損失をもたらしました。気候変動に伴うリスクは、また、干ばつや洪水等を通じ、多くの国々、とりわけアフリカ諸国の食料安全保障を脅かしました。気温上昇は、途上国GDPへの負の影響を通じ、経済開発の努力をとん挫させかねません。WMOは、ブログにおいて 国際通貨基金(IMF)の分析を引用し、平均年間気温25℃の中～低所得途上国においては、1℃の気温上昇は1.2%のマイナス経済成長をもたらしかねないとしました。気温上昇によって最も深刻な影響を受ける国々のGDPは、2016年世界GDPの20％相当にすぎませんが、これらの国々は既に世界人口の60％を抱え、今世紀末にはその割合が75％に上昇することが予測されることを考えれば、世界経済にも大きな影響をもたらすことがわかります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E複数のモデルを使った気候予測によると、次の5年間 (2020-2024)に、世界は新たな平均最高気温を更新するだろうと見られています。COVID-19は温室効果ガスの削減を一瞬もたらすかもしれませんが、継続的な気候変動対応に代わるものではありません。それどころか、パンデミックは、気候変動により苛烈さを増している気象・気候・水関係の災害への救急・医療対応をより困難にするでしょう。COVID-19は国際的な保健・経済危機ですが、気候変動にも同様に世界が団結して取り組まなければ、今後数世紀にわたって人間社会・エコシステム・経済は危機に直面しかねません。従来、経済危機後の回復は温室効果ガスの上昇を伴ってきましたが、ポストCOVID-19の景気浮揚対策は、より持続的(greener)な経済の構築に向けられるべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​WMO. Earth Day highlights Climate Action. April 22, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/earth-day-highlights-climate-action\u0022\u003Ehttps://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/earth-day-highlights-climate-action\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO (2020) The Global Climate in 2015–2019 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=9936\u0022\u003Ehttps://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=9936\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(参考資料)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国連気候変動サミット科学諮問グループ(The Science Advisory Group of the UN Climate Action Summit 2019)「科学を通じた団結 - 最新気候変動科学に関するハイレベル報告書 [United In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information]」概要\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191003\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191003\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界気象機関(WMO)「WMO温室効果ガス年報　 WMO GREENHOUSE GAS BULLETIN」概要　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191128\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20191128\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO) published the \u0022Global Climate 2015–2019\u0022 report on April 22, 2020 to mark the 50th anniversary of Earth Day. A preliminary version was issued ahead of the United Nations Secretary-General’s Climate Action Summit in September 2019. According to the report, the physical signs of climate change and the impact on our planet\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;have gathered pace, reaching a crescendo in the past five years. This trend is expected to continue\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and Whilst COVID-19 has caused a severe international health and economic crisis, failure to tackle climate change may threaten human well-being, ecosystems and economies for centuries Below is an overview of this report and blog (WMO April 22, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe five-year period 2015–2019 is likely to be the warmest of any equivalent period on record globally, with a 1.1 °C global temperature increase since the pre-industrial period and a 0.2°C increase compared to the previous five-year period. The average global temperature has increased by 0.86°C since the 1970s,Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and other key greenhouse gases in the atmosphere rose to new records, with CO2 growth rates 18% higher in 2015-2019 than the previous five years. The rise in greenhouse gas emissions has led to the\u0026nbsp;acceleration of rising sea levels, a continued decline in the Arctic sea-ice extent, an abrupt decrease in Antarctic sea ice, continued ice mass loss in the glaciers and the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, and the clear downward trend in the northern hemisphere spring snow cover,\u0026nbsp;and frequent heat waves and forest fires. Floods create an environment that causes outbreaks of epidemics, with nearly 1.3 billion people at risk of cholera infections. It is estimated that 40 million people in Africa alone live in cholera “hot spots”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate change causes tremendous socio-economic damages. The\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;costliest disasters are tropical cyclones associated with floods and landslides, with Hurricane Harvey in 2017 costing an economic loss of more than $125 billion. The risks associated with climate change have also threatened food security in many countries, especially in Africa, through droughts and floods. Higher temperatures can threaten to undermine development through adverse impacts on\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the GDP of developing countries. WMO quoted the International Monetary Fund\u0027s (IMF) analysis in its blog, stating that\u0026nbsp;for a median-and low-income developing country, with an annual average temperature of 25°C, the effect of a 1°C increase in temperature leads to a growth decrease of 1.2%.\u0026nbsp;Countries whose economies are projected to be significantly adversely affected by an increase in temperature produced only about 20% of global GDP in 2016; however, they are currently home to nearly 60% of the global population and are projected to be home to more than 75% by the end of the century. Therefore, their negative impacts of climate change to those countries will affect the global economy.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA new global mean temperature record is likely to occur in the next five-year period (2020-2024), according to multi-model climate predictions COVID-19 may result in a temporary reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, but it is not a substitute for sustained climate action. And it will make it more difficult to tackle weather, climate and water-related hazards which are becoming more acute because of climate change. COVID-19 is an international health and economic crisis, but human society, ecosystems, and economies could face a crisis for centuries if the world is not united in the same way to address climate change. Traditionally, post-crisis recovery has been accompanied by a rise in greenhouse gases, but post-COVID-19 economic stimulus measures should be aimed at helping the economy grow back greener.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​WMO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/earth-day-highlights-climate-action\u0022\u003EEarth Day highlights Climate Action\u003C/a\u003E. April 22, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=9936\u0022\u003EThe Global Climate in 2015–2019\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EUnited In Science - High-level synthesis report of latest climate science information\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin\u0026nbsp;- \u003Ca href=\u0022https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display\u0026amp;id=21620#.XscTeS-cajj\u0022\u003ENo. 15:\u0026nbsp;The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2018\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200426_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200525_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "24. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Report: Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "24. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Report: Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In April 2020, the World Bank released the “Commodity Market Outlook - Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities”, a detailed analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for major commodity groups including energy, agriculture, fertilizers and metals. As the pandemic continues to worsen, commodity prices saw sharp declines during the last three months, with the largest impact in the energy sector. This is a summary of the report and blog (World Bank, April 23, 2020).", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In April 2020, the World Bank released the “Commodity Market Outlook - Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities”, a detailed analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for major commodity groups including energy, agriculture, fertilizers and metals. As the pandemic continues to worsen, commodity prices saw sharp declines during the last three months, with the largest impact in the energy sector. This is a summary of the report and blog (World Bank, April 23, 2020).", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2020, the World Bank published a Commodity Markets Outlook Report to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the commodity market (April 2020 Commodity Markets Outlook-Implications of COVID -19 for Commodities). With the expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic, commodity prices have fallen sharply over the last three months, with the largest impact on the energy sector. Below is a summary of the report and blog (World Bank, April 23, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the world is under pressure to respond to COVID-19, the price of crude oil recorded the largest decline in history, reflecting an unprecedented drop in demand due to mitigation measures. In addition, most metal prices have also declined, reflecting a collapse in the global industrial demand due to the pandemic, but so far it is less severe as compared to the global financial crisis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe prices for agricultural commodities have not yet been as affected as oil and metal prices due to record harvests for some cereals and favorable weather conditions in key producing regions. Rice prices on the other hand, recorded an increase due to announcements of policy restrictions by some East Asian producers and weather-related production shortfalls. Overall, the global food market for major commodities remain amply supplied following the recent bumper harvests of maize and wheat, resulting in very high stock-to-use ratios by historical standards. However, recent announcements on policy regulations by major exporters and “excess” buying by some importers which could result in hording, have raised concerns about food security in the future. There is also concern that low-income countries are particularly vulnerable to disruption of the supply chain because food accounts for large portion of their consumption.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to the prospect of slowing economic growth, it is expected that product demand will decline for some time to come. The World Bank described the impact of COVID-19 on the commodity market as a “shock like no other” and the ultimate impact of the pandemic will depend on its severity and duration, and will have lasting implications.\u0026nbsp;Changing consumer behavior could cause a structural shift in work patterns, reducing travel and demand for fuel, and the probable occurrence of an unwinding of complex global value chains, which could reduce commodity demand.\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:medium\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Calibri, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022caret-color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-style:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-variant-caps:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-weight:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022letter-spacing:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022orphans:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-transform:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022white-space:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022widows:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022word-spacing:0px\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-decoration:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:10pt\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Arial, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​World Bank. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/outlook-commodity-markets-and-effects-coronavirus-six-charts\u0022\u003EThe outlook for commodity markets, and the effects of coronavirus, in six charts\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp; April 23, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Group. 2020.\u0026nbsp;Commodity Markets Outlook, April 2020. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33624 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2020, the World Bank published a Commodity Markets Outlook Report to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the commodity market (April 2020 Commodity Markets Outlook-Implications of COVID -19 for Commodities). With the expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic, commodity prices have fallen sharply over the last three months, with the largest impact on the energy sector. Below is a summary of the report and blog (World Bank, April 23, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the world is under pressure to respond to COVID-19, the price of crude oil recorded the largest decline in history, reflecting an unprecedented drop in demand due to mitigation measures. In addition, most metal prices have also declined, reflecting a collapse in the global industrial demand due to the pandemic, but so far it is less severe as compared to the global financial crisis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe prices for agricultural commodities have not yet been as affected as oil and metal prices due to record harvests for some cereals and favorable weather conditions in key producing regions. Rice prices on the other hand, recorded an increase due to announcements of policy restrictions by some East Asian producers and weather-related production shortfalls. Overall, the global food market for major commodities remain amply supplied following the recent bumper harvests of maize and wheat, resulting in very high stock-to-use ratios by historical standards. However, recent announcements on policy regulations by major exporters and “excess” buying by some importers which could result in hording, have raised concerns about food security in the future. There is also concern that low-income countries are particularly vulnerable to disruption of the supply chain because food accounts for large portion of their consumption.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to the prospect of slowing economic growth, it is expected that product demand will decline for some time to come. The World Bank described the impact of COVID-19 on the commodity market as a “shock like no other” and the ultimate impact of the pandemic will depend on its severity and duration, and will have lasting implications.\u0026nbsp;Changing consumer behavior could cause a structural shift in work patterns, reducing travel and demand for fuel, and the probable occurrence of an unwinding of complex global value chains, which could reduce commodity demand.\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:medium\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Calibri, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022caret-color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-style:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-variant-caps:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-weight:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022letter-spacing:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022orphans:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-transform:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022white-space:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022widows:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022word-spacing:0px\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-decoration:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:10pt\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Arial, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​World Bank. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/outlook-commodity-markets-and-effects-coronavirus-six-charts\u0022\u003EThe outlook for commodity markets, and the effects of coronavirus, in six charts\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp; April 23, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Group. 2020.\u0026nbsp;Commodity Markets Outlook, April 2020. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33624 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-04-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "24. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　世界銀行報告：COVID-19の一次産品商品市場への影響 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "24. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Report: Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年4月、世界銀行 (World Bank) は 商品市場見通し報告書(April 2020 Commodity Markets Outlook)を公表、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)が商品市場に与える影響を「未だかつて経験したことのないショック」と表現しました。COVID-19パンデミックの拡大に伴い、過去3か月間に一次産品価格が暴落、とりわけエネルギー部門が最大の影響を被りました。農作物価格は今のところ石油価格やメタル価格ほどの影響はまだ受けていませんが、今後の動向によっては、消費に占める食料支出の大きい低所得国における食料安全保障への影響も懸念されます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In April 2020, the World Bank released the “Commodity Market Outlook - Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities”, a detailed analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for major commodity groups including energy, agriculture, fertilizers and metals. As the pandemic continues to worsen, commodity prices saw sharp declines during the last three months, with the largest impact in the energy sector. This is a summary of the report and blog (World Bank, April 23, 2020).", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月、世界銀行 (World Bank) は 商品市場見通し報告書を公表、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) が商品市場に与える影響を分析しました (April 2020 Commodity Markets Outlook - Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities) 。COVID-19パンデミックの拡大に伴い、過去3か月間に一次産品価格が暴落、とりわけエネルギー部門が最大の影響を被りました。以下、報告書とブログ (World Bank, April 23, 2020)の概要をまとめます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界中がパンデミックへの緊急対応を迫られる中、石油市場では封じ込み対策による需要の落ち込みを反映し、原油価格が史上最大の暴落を記録しました。また、COVID-19パンデミックによる世界的な産業需要の落ち込みを反映し、殆どのメタル価格も下落しましたが、今のところは世界金融危機の際の落ち込みほどには至っていはいません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一部の穀類に関する記録的豊作や主要生産地域における好ましい気象条件を受け、今のところ、農作物価格は石油価格やメタル価格ほどの影響はまだ受けていません。例外的に、コメに関しては、アジアの幾つかの生産国による輸出規制の報告や天候不順により価格が上昇しました。全般的に、メイズと小麦に関する近年の豊作によりグローバル食料市場には潤沢な供給があり、在庫使用率(stock-to-use ratios)は歴史的に見ても高水準を維持しています。にもかかわらず、主要輸出国による規制の発表や輸入国の一部による「過剰excess」な購入の動きが見られ、これらが今後買い溜めにつながる可能性もあります。サプライチェーンの寸断により、商品市場を通じて、消費に占める食料支出の大きい低所得国における食料安全保障への影響も懸念されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E経済成長鈍化の見通しにより今後しばらく商品需要の落ち込みが予想されます。世界銀行は、COVID-19による商品市場への影響を未だかつて経験したことのないショック(A Shock Like No Other)と表現しました。パンデミックの直接的な影響はその厳しさと期間(severity and duration)によりますが、今後、消費者行動の変化が働き方の構造的変化をもたらせば、商品市場需要の低迷を伴う巻き戻し不可能なグローバル・バリューチェーンの変化を伴うかもしれません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​World Bank The outlook for commodity markets, and the effects of coronavirus, in six charts.\u0026nbsp; April 23, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/outlook-commodity-markets-and-effects-coronavirus-six-charts\u0022\u003Ehttps://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/outlook-commodity-markets-and-effects-coronavirus-six-charts\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Group. 2020. Commodity Markets Outlook, April 2020. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33624 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33624\u0022\u003Ehttp://hdl.handle.net/10986/33624\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2020, the World Bank published a Commodity Markets Outlook Report to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the commodity market (April 2020 Commodity Markets Outlook-Implications of COVID -19 for Commodities). With the expansion of the COVID-19 pandemic, commodity prices have fallen sharply over the last three months, with the largest impact on the energy sector. Below is a summary of the report and blog (World Bank, April 23, 2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the world is under pressure to respond to COVID-19, the price of crude oil recorded the largest decline in history, reflecting an unprecedented drop in demand due to mitigation measures. In addition, most metal prices have also declined, reflecting a collapse in the global industrial demand due to the pandemic, but so far it is less severe as compared to the global financial crisis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe prices for agricultural commodities have not yet been as affected as oil and metal prices due to record harvests for some cereals and favorable weather conditions in key producing regions. Rice prices on the other hand, recorded an increase due to announcements of policy restrictions by some East Asian producers and weather-related production shortfalls. Overall, the global food market for major commodities remain amply supplied following the recent bumper harvests of maize and wheat, resulting in very high stock-to-use ratios by historical standards. However, recent announcements on policy regulations by major exporters and “excess” buying by some importers which could result in hording, have raised concerns about food security in the future. There is also concern that low-income countries are particularly vulnerable to disruption of the supply chain because food accounts for large portion of their consumption.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to the prospect of slowing economic growth, it is expected that product demand will decline for some time to come. The World Bank described the impact of COVID-19 on the commodity market as a “shock like no other” and the ultimate impact of the pandemic will depend on its severity and duration, and will have lasting implications.\u0026nbsp;Changing consumer behavior could cause a structural shift in work patterns, reducing travel and demand for fuel, and the probable occurrence of an unwinding of complex global value chains, which could reduce commodity demand.\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:medium\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Calibri, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022caret-color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-style:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-variant-caps:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-weight:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022letter-spacing:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022orphans:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-transform:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022white-space:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022widows:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022word-spacing:0px\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-decoration:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:10pt\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Arial, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​World Bank. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/outlook-commodity-markets-and-effects-coronavirus-six-charts\u0022\u003EThe outlook for commodity markets, and the effects of coronavirus, in six charts\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp; April 23, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Group. 2020.\u0026nbsp;Commodity Markets Outlook, April 2020. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33624 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202004/20200426_ico_1.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200525_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "25. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Food Security Crisis in East Africa: Urbanization and Structural Transformation of Agriculture", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "25. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Food Security Crisis in East Africa: Urbanization and Structural Transformation of Agriculture", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "According to the United Nations World Food Program (WFP), the East African region is currently facing the triple threat of COVID-19, floods and locusts. Although East Africa is home to only about 3% of the world\u0027s population, the region also hosts 22 percent of the world’s total number of acutely food-insecure people. It is expected that the socio-economic fallout from the pandemic will be far more devastating than the disease itself due the unemployment of people in the urban areas.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "According to the United Nations World Food Program (WFP), the East African region is currently facing the triple threat of COVID-19, floods and locusts. Although East Africa is home to only about 3% of the world\u0027s population, the region also hosts 22 percent of the world’s total number of acutely food-insecure people. It is expected that the socio-economic fallout from the pandemic will be far more devastating than the disease itself due the unemployment of people in the urban areas.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the United Nations World Food Program (WFP), the world\u0027s largest humanitarian aid organization, the COVID-19 was first detected in Kenya and Ethiopia in the mid-March 2020. By late April, more than 2000 infected cases were reported in East Africa. The region has been struggling with the outbreak of the dessert locust (Pick Up 2) since the end of the last year and the beginning of 2020, and is still recovering from the 2019 drought and floods. With the outbreak of the COVID-19, the region is now facing a triple threat.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECurrently, new swarms of dessert locust have been reported in Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia, and mature swarms have already arrived in\u0026nbsp;Southeastern cropping areas of South Sudan and are spreading in areas of Karamoja sub-region in Uganda. In the East African region, the rainy season from March to May, so-called the long-rainy season has already started in Kenya, and heavy rains and floods have already being experienced in some regions. The rain provides optimal conditions for locust breeding and there is concern that more swarms will form in June-July.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the WFP, although the population of nine East African countries in Ethiopia, South Sudan, Kenya, Somalia, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Djibouti, and Eritrea is only about 3% of the world\u0027s population, the region also hosts 22% of the world’s total number of acutely-food insecure people. Thus, it is expected that\u0026nbsp;the socio-economic fallout from the pandemic will be far more devastating than the disease itself.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP is already facing food security crises in about 20 million people in the East African region. It is estimated that the\u0026nbsp;number of food insecure people in the region is likely to increase from 20 to 34-43 million in the next three months due to effects of COVID-19.\u0026nbsp;Above all, the food security and livelihood crisis of the urban population, who are\u0026nbsp;employed in the informal sector and have already lost their sources of income,\u0026nbsp;is a major concern. The refugee population also faces a serious crisis. For households in the rural areas, it is necessary to pay close attention on how the pandemic affects the farming activities with the approaching cropping season.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFood security of the populations in both urban and informal sectors of Sub-Saharan Africa is closely related to the issues of rural development. According to a 2016 report by the African Alliance for Green Revolution (AGRA), by 2035 220 million youths are predicted to flow into the workforce in the region, where more than 60% of the population is younger than 25 years of age. Even under optimistic assumptions, wage labor opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa are said to be able to absorb only 25% of these 220 million people, and the agriculture and the self-employment sectors, which may not be attractive to young people, have to provide employment opportunities. Rapid urbanization can increase food demand exponentially and put a heavy load on the agricultural system. According to the report, in 1990, one urban resident was supported by three farmers, but by 2020, one full-time farmer had to support two urban residents. It is said that the demand for processed foods will increase due to the increase in income and lifestyle changes due to urbanization, and the dependence on imports of major grains, oil crops, and livestock products will increase. On the other hand, the report says that if the market access increases with the development of the value chain even in remote regions, the relatively high food price maybe attractive to farmers, which may increase the opportunities for farmers to participate in the market and affect the performance of the agricultural sector.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile responding to emergency food assistance, in order to achieve sustainable economic development and food security for post-COVID-19, it is extremely important to invest in agricultural development and supply chain resilience from the perspective of urbanization and economic structural transformation\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP \u003Ca href=\u0022https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WFP%20East%20Africa%20Corona%20virus%20Pandemic-%20%28COVID-19%29%20Update_2020April24%20%231.pdf\u0022\u003EEast Africa Covid-19 Update\u003C/a\u003E, 24 April 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 2 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003ETowards the development of preventive control technologies for desert locust\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.agra.org/aasr2016/\u0022\u003EProgress towards Agricultural Transformation in Africa\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the United Nations World Food Program (WFP), the world\u0027s largest humanitarian aid organization, the COVID-19 was first detected in Kenya and Ethiopia in the mid-March 2020. By late April, more than 2000 infected cases were reported in East Africa. The region has been struggling with the outbreak of the dessert locust (Pick Up 2) since the end of the last year and the beginning of 2020, and is still recovering from the 2019 drought and floods. With the outbreak of the COVID-19, the region is now facing a triple threat.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECurrently, new swarms of dessert locust have been reported in Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia, and mature swarms have already arrived in\u0026nbsp;Southeastern cropping areas of South Sudan and are spreading in areas of Karamoja sub-region in Uganda. In the East African region, the rainy season from March to May, so-called the long-rainy season has already started in Kenya, and heavy rains and floods have already being experienced in some regions. The rain provides optimal conditions for locust breeding and there is concern that more swarms will form in June-July.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the WFP, although the population of nine East African countries in Ethiopia, South Sudan, Kenya, Somalia, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Djibouti, and Eritrea is only about 3% of the world\u0027s population, the region also hosts 22% of the world’s total number of acutely-food insecure people. Thus, it is expected that\u0026nbsp;the socio-economic fallout from the pandemic will be far more devastating than the disease itself.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP is already facing food security crises in about 20 million people in the East African region. It is estimated that the\u0026nbsp;number of food insecure people in the region is likely to increase from 20 to 34-43 million in the next three months due to effects of COVID-19.\u0026nbsp;Above all, the food security and livelihood crisis of the urban population, who are\u0026nbsp;employed in the informal sector and have already lost their sources of income,\u0026nbsp;is a major concern. The refugee population also faces a serious crisis. For households in the rural areas, it is necessary to pay close attention on how the pandemic affects the farming activities with the approaching cropping season.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFood security of the populations in both urban and informal sectors of Sub-Saharan Africa is closely related to the issues of rural development. According to a 2016 report by the African Alliance for Green Revolution (AGRA), by 2035 220 million youths are predicted to flow into the workforce in the region, where more than 60% of the population is younger than 25 years of age. Even under optimistic assumptions, wage labor opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa are said to be able to absorb only 25% of these 220 million people, and the agriculture and the self-employment sectors, which may not be attractive to young people, have to provide employment opportunities. Rapid urbanization can increase food demand exponentially and put a heavy load on the agricultural system. According to the report, in 1990, one urban resident was supported by three farmers, but by 2020, one full-time farmer had to support two urban residents. It is said that the demand for processed foods will increase due to the increase in income and lifestyle changes due to urbanization, and the dependence on imports of major grains, oil crops, and livestock products will increase. On the other hand, the report says that if the market access increases with the development of the value chain even in remote regions, the relatively high food price maybe attractive to farmers, which may increase the opportunities for farmers to participate in the market and affect the performance of the agricultural sector.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile responding to emergency food assistance, in order to achieve sustainable economic development and food security for post-COVID-19, it is extremely important to invest in agricultural development and supply chain resilience from the perspective of urbanization and economic structural transformation\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP \u003Ca href=\u0022https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WFP%20East%20Africa%20Corona%20virus%20Pandemic-%20%28COVID-19%29%20Update_2020April24%20%231.pdf\u0022\u003EEast Africa Covid-19 Update\u003C/a\u003E, 24 April 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 2 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003ETowards the development of preventive control technologies for desert locust\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.agra.org/aasr2016/\u0022\u003EProgress towards Agricultural Transformation in Africa\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200501#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "25. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　東アフリカの食料安全保障危機：都市化と農業構造転換", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "25. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Food Security Crisis in East Africa: Urbanization and Structural Transformation of Agriculture", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/africa#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Africa", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "アフリカ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連・世界食糧計画(WFP)によると、現在東アフリカ地域は、洪水・サバクトビバッタ・COVID-19の三重苦に直面しています。東アフリカ諸国の人口は世界人口の3％程にすぎませんが、急性の食料危機に直面する世界の人々の22％を占めるとされます。WFPは、東アフリカ地域において、既に約2000万人の人々が食料安全保障の危機に直面していますが、COVID-19の影響により、その数は数か月内に3400-4300万人まで増加すると推計しています。とりわけ、インフォーマル部門で既に職を失った都市部住民の食料安全保障と生業の危機が最大の懸念材料となっています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "According to the United Nations World Food Program (WFP), the East African region is currently facing the triple threat of COVID-19, floods and locusts. Although East Africa is home to only about 3% of the world\u0027s population, the region also hosts 22 percent of the world’s total number of acutely food-insecure people. It is expected that the socio-economic fallout from the pandemic will be far more devastating than the disease itself due the unemployment of people in the urban areas.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界最大の人道支援機関である国連・世界食糧計画(WFP)によると、2020年3月中旬にはじめてケニアとエチオピアで新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)感染が確認されて以来、東アフリカ地域では4月下旬の時点で2000人の感染者が報告されています。東アフリカ地域は、2019年の干ばつ・洪水の被害から抜けきれない中、年末・2020年に入って以来サバクトビバッタの大発生と格闘(Pick Up 2)していますが、このタイミングでCOVID-19が発生、三重苦に直面しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現在、サバクトビバッタの新たな大群が、既にソマリア、ケニア、エチオピアで報告され、成虫の群れが南スーダンの南東地域に到達、ウガンダでは拡散の傾向が見られるとのことです。東アフリカ地域では3/4月～5/6月はlong-rain seasonと呼ばれる雨季にあたり、ケニアでは既に大雨と洪水がはじまった地方もあります。雨季はバッタの繁殖に最適な条件を提供し、6－7月にさらに大群が形成される懸念があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFPによると、エチオピア・南スーダン・ケニア・ソマリア・ウガンダ・ルワンダ・ブルンジ・ジブチ・エリトリアの9つの東アフリカ諸国の人口は世界人口の3％程にすぎませんが、急性の食料危機に直面する世界の人々の22％を占めるとされます。パンデミックによる社会経済低迷の余波は、感染症そのものよりも壊滅的な影響を及ぼすと見られます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFPは、東アフリカ地域において、既に約2000万人の人々が食料安全保障の危機に直面していますが、COVID-19の影響により、その数は数か月内に3400-4300万人まで増加すると推計しています。とりわけ、インフォーマル部門で既に職を失った都市部住民の食料安全保障と生業の危機が最大の懸念材料となっています。難民も深刻な危機に直面しています。農村世帯については、パンデミックが農作業に与える影響を注視していく必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサブサハラ・アフリカ地域の都市化・インフォーマル部門における食料問題は、農村開発の課題とも密接に関わっています。アフリカの緑の革命のための同盟（AGRA）が2016年に公表した報告書によると、人口の6割以上が25歳以下若年層である当該地域では、2035年までに2.2億人の若者が労働力人口へ流入すると予測されています。楽観的想定の元でも、サブサハラ・アフリカにおける賃労働機会はこれら2.2億人の25％しか吸収できないとされ、農業や自営業部門が就労機会を提供しなければなりませんが、農業部門は最近の若者にとって必ずしも魅力があるものではないのが現状です。急激な都市化は指数級的に食料需要を増加させ、農業システムに大きな負荷を与えかねません。報告書によると、1990年には都市住民1人を農民3人が支えていたのが、2020年にはフルタイム農民1人が2人の都市住民を支えなければならないとしていました。都市化による所得増・生活様式変化による食事内容変化により加工食品等への需要も拡大し、主要穀物、油脂作物、畜産産物の輸入依存も益々高まるとされました。報告書は、これに対し、辺鄙な地方でもバリューチェーン発展に伴い市場アクセスが高まれば、相対的に高い食料価格が誘引となり、農民による市場参画機会が高まりうるとし、市場・土地セクターに関する政策が農業部門のパフォーマンスを左右すると分析していました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E緊急食糧支援に応える一方、ポストCOVID-19の持続的な経済開発・食料安全保障の達成には、都市化・経済構造転換の視点から、農業開発・サプライチェーンの強靭化への投資が極めて重要となります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP East Africa Covid-19 Update, 24 April 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WFP%20East%20Africa%20Corona%20virus%20Pandemic-%20%28COVID-19%29%20Update_2020April24%20%231.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WFP%20East%20Africa%20Corona%20virus%20Pandemic-%20%28COVID-19%29%20Update_2020April24%20%231.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 2 サバクトビバッタの予防的防除技術の開発に向けて \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016（AGRA (2016)）. Progress towards Agricultural Transformation in Africaの概要　\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.agra.org/aasr2016/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.agra.org/aasr2016/\u003C/a\u003E　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20161025\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20161025\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the United Nations World Food Program (WFP), the world\u0027s largest humanitarian aid organization, the COVID-19 was first detected in Kenya and Ethiopia in the mid-March 2020. By late April, more than 2000 infected cases were reported in East Africa. The region has been struggling with the outbreak of the dessert locust (Pick Up 2) since the end of the last year and the beginning of 2020, and is still recovering from the 2019 drought and floods. With the outbreak of the COVID-19, the region is now facing a triple threat.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECurrently, new swarms of dessert locust have been reported in Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia, and mature swarms have already arrived in\u0026nbsp;Southeastern cropping areas of South Sudan and are spreading in areas of Karamoja sub-region in Uganda. In the East African region, the rainy season from March to May, so-called the long-rainy season has already started in Kenya, and heavy rains and floods have already being experienced in some regions. The rain provides optimal conditions for locust breeding and there is concern that more swarms will form in June-July.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the WFP, although the population of nine East African countries in Ethiopia, South Sudan, Kenya, Somalia, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Djibouti, and Eritrea is only about 3% of the world\u0027s population, the region also hosts 22% of the world’s total number of acutely-food insecure people. Thus, it is expected that\u0026nbsp;the socio-economic fallout from the pandemic will be far more devastating than the disease itself.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP is already facing food security crises in about 20 million people in the East African region. It is estimated that the\u0026nbsp;number of food insecure people in the region is likely to increase from 20 to 34-43 million in the next three months due to effects of COVID-19.\u0026nbsp;Above all, the food security and livelihood crisis of the urban population, who are\u0026nbsp;employed in the informal sector and have already lost their sources of income,\u0026nbsp;is a major concern. The refugee population also faces a serious crisis. For households in the rural areas, it is necessary to pay close attention on how the pandemic affects the farming activities with the approaching cropping season.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFood security of the populations in both urban and informal sectors of Sub-Saharan Africa is closely related to the issues of rural development. According to a 2016 report by the African Alliance for Green Revolution (AGRA), by 2035 220 million youths are predicted to flow into the workforce in the region, where more than 60% of the population is younger than 25 years of age. Even under optimistic assumptions, wage labor opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa are said to be able to absorb only 25% of these 220 million people, and the agriculture and the self-employment sectors, which may not be attractive to young people, have to provide employment opportunities. Rapid urbanization can increase food demand exponentially and put a heavy load on the agricultural system. According to the report, in 1990, one urban resident was supported by three farmers, but by 2020, one full-time farmer had to support two urban residents. It is said that the demand for processed foods will increase due to the increase in income and lifestyle changes due to urbanization, and the dependence on imports of major grains, oil crops, and livestock products will increase. On the other hand, the report says that if the market access increases with the development of the value chain even in remote regions, the relatively high food price maybe attractive to farmers, which may increase the opportunities for farmers to participate in the market and affect the performance of the agricultural sector.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile responding to emergency food assistance, in order to achieve sustainable economic development and food security for post-COVID-19, it is extremely important to invest in agricultural development and supply chain resilience from the perspective of urbanization and economic structural transformation\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWFP \u003Ca href=\u0022https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WFP%20East%20Africa%20Corona%20virus%20Pandemic-%20%28COVID-19%29%20Update_2020April24%20%231.pdf\u0022\u003EEast Africa Covid-19 Update\u003C/a\u003E, 24 April 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 2 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003ETowards the development of preventive control technologies for desert locust\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.agra.org/aasr2016/\u0022\u003EProgress towards Agricultural Transformation in Africa\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200501_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200528_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "26. New Coronavirus Pandemic― FAO Policy Recommendations: Recession and Hunger", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "26. New Coronavirus Pandemic― FAO Policy Recommendations: Recession and Hunger", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released a policy brief on April 24 to address long-term hunger and food insecurity due to the global economic recession caused by COVID-19, and expressed the need to mitigate the impact. It is noted that a COVID-19 triggered global recession and reduction in the growth rate of GDP by 2-10% in all countries in 2020 will result in an increase of 14.4 to 80.3 million undernourished people in net food-importing countries.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released a policy brief on April 24 to address long-term hunger and food insecurity due to the global economic recession caused by COVID-19, and expressed the need to mitigate the impact. It is noted that a COVID-19 triggered global recession and reduction in the growth rate of GDP by 2-10% in all countries in 2020 will result in an increase of 14.4 to 80.3 million undernourished people in net food-importing countries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released a policy brief on April 24 to address long-term hunger and food insecurity due to the global recession caused by the novel COVID-19 and expressed the need for a policy to mitigate the impact.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough the forecasts on the impact of COVID-19 vary in details, it is certain that all point to a historic downturn of the global economy. In January, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicted that the global economy would grow by\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;3.3% in 2020. However, the latest projection in April indicates a contraction of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;3.0% that also includes many risks. The World Bank also reports that Sub-Saharan Africa will face the first recession in 25 years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO\u0027s analysis of past food supply (related to hunger) and economic trends shows that without timely and effective policies, millions of people will starve as a result of the global economic recession caused by COVID-19. The exact numbers will vary according to the severity of economic contractions. In case the new coronavirus has caused a global recession reducing GDP growth in all countries by 2-10% in 2020, it is expected to cause food shortages for 14.4 million to 80.3 million people in net food-importing countries, with the majority of the increase coming from low-income countries. It further warns that if the current inequality in food access worsens, the actual consequences will be worse.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to respond to COVID-19, the governments in each country need to carry out large-scale policy interventions. FAO calls on all countries\u0027 economic stimulus to do their best to maintain trade flows, sustain food supply chains and increase agricultural production.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAt the same time, food access is important, and inequality in access to food must not increase. The crisis could also be an opportunity to address the inequality of access to healthy food, which is a longstanding problem in many low and middle-income countries. Cash transfers, income compensation and food distribution should be directed to the most vulnerable and poorest people. International cooperation and assistance are also needed to support the poorest and most vulnerable countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPublic incentives aimed at strengthening food access during pandemics also provide an opportunity for food systems to be resilient. And that will also help protect the food system in the event of future economic downturns and recessions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca8800en/ca8800en.pdf\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 global economic recession: Avoiding hunger must be at the centre of the economic stimulus\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1273127/icode/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Using economic stimulus to reduce the long-term hunger impact\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541 \u0022\u003EAn analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. Africa’s Pulse, Volume 21\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released a policy brief on April 24 to address long-term hunger and food insecurity due to the global recession caused by the novel COVID-19 and expressed the need for a policy to mitigate the impact.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough the forecasts on the impact of COVID-19 vary in details, it is certain that all point to a historic downturn of the global economy. In January, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicted that the global economy would grow by\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;3.3% in 2020. However, the latest projection in April indicates a contraction of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;3.0% that also includes many risks. The World Bank also reports that Sub-Saharan Africa will face the first recession in 25 years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO\u0027s analysis of past food supply (related to hunger) and economic trends shows that without timely and effective policies, millions of people will starve as a result of the global economic recession caused by COVID-19. The exact numbers will vary according to the severity of economic contractions. In case the new coronavirus has caused a global recession reducing GDP growth in all countries by 2-10% in 2020, it is expected to cause food shortages for 14.4 million to 80.3 million people in net food-importing countries, with the majority of the increase coming from low-income countries. It further warns that if the current inequality in food access worsens, the actual consequences will be worse.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to respond to COVID-19, the governments in each country need to carry out large-scale policy interventions. FAO calls on all countries\u0027 economic stimulus to do their best to maintain trade flows, sustain food supply chains and increase agricultural production.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAt the same time, food access is important, and inequality in access to food must not increase. The crisis could also be an opportunity to address the inequality of access to healthy food, which is a longstanding problem in many low and middle-income countries. Cash transfers, income compensation and food distribution should be directed to the most vulnerable and poorest people. International cooperation and assistance are also needed to support the poorest and most vulnerable countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPublic incentives aimed at strengthening food access during pandemics also provide an opportunity for food systems to be resilient. And that will also help protect the food system in the event of future economic downturns and recessions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca8800en/ca8800en.pdf\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 global economic recession: Avoiding hunger must be at the centre of the economic stimulus\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1273127/icode/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Using economic stimulus to reduce the long-term hunger impact\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541 \u0022\u003EAn analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. Africa’s Pulse, Volume 21\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200501_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "26. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―国連食糧農業機関 (FAO)政策提言： 不況と飢餓", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "26. New Coronavirus Pandemic― FAO Policy Recommendations: Recession and Hunger", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連食糧農業機関（FAO）は、4月24日に発表したポリシーブリーフ(政策提言)で、新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）の引き起こす世界的な不況による長期的な飢餓や食料不安への影響を緩和する政策が必要との見方を示しました。COVID-19が世界的な景気後退をもたらし、すべての国の2020年のGDP成長率を2－10％引き下げたとすると、食料の純輸入国において1440万人から8030万人の食料不足人口を引き起こすと予想しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released a policy brief on April 24 to address long-term hunger and food insecurity due to the global economic recession caused by COVID-19, and expressed the need to mitigate the impact. It is noted that a COVID-19 triggered global recession and reduction in the growth rate of GDP by 2-10% in all countries in 2020 will result in an increase of 14.4 to 80.3 million undernourished people in net food-importing countries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国連食糧農業機関（FAO）は、4月24日に発表したポリシーブリーフ(政策提言)で、新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）の引き起こす世界的な不況による長期的な飢餓や食料不安への影響を緩和する政策が必要との見方を示しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19が世界経済に及ぼす影響の大きさにはさまざまな予測がありますが、世界経済に歴史的な低迷をもたらすことは間違いありません。国際通貨基金（IMF）は2020年の世界経済見通しについて、1月時点では3.3％の上昇を予測していたところ、4月時点では3.0％の下落に加えて多くのリスクを含むという予測に修正しました。また、世界銀行は、サブサハラアフリカにとってはこの25年間で初めての不況に直面するだろうと報告しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAOが過去の食料供給（飢餓と関連）と経済動向を分析したところ、タイムリーで効果的な政策が無い場合、新型コロナウイルスが引き起こした景気後退の結果として、何百万人もの人々が飢餓に陥る可能性が高いと指摘しています。具体的な数は景気後退の深刻さを変化させたシナリオごとに異なりますが、新型コロナウイルスが世界的な景気後退をもたらし、すべての国の2020年のGDP成長率を2－10％引き下げたとすると、食料の純輸入国において1440万人から8030万人の食料不足人口を引き起こすと予想しています。またその食料不足人口の増加の多くは低所得国の人々だと考えられています。さらに、もし食料アクセスにおける現在の不平等が悪化した場合には実際の結末はより酷いものになると警告しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今回の新型コロナウイルスに対応するために、各国政府は大規模な政策介入を行う必要性が生じました。FAOは、すべての国の経済刺激策で、貿易の流れを維持し、フードサプライチェーンを存続させ、農業生産を増加させるために最善を尽くすよう求めています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E同時に重要なのは食料アクセスで、食料へのアクセスの不平等が拡大するようなことはあってはなりません。今回の危機は、多くの中低所得国において長年の問題である、健康的な食料へのアクセスの不平等に取り組むチャンスだとも考えられます。現金給付や所得補償、食料配布などは最も脆弱で貧しい人々に向けられるべきです。最貧国および最も脆弱な国を支援するためには国際協力と援助も必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパンデミック時の食料アクセスを強化することを目的とした公的刺激策は、フードシステムに強靭性をもたせる機会ともなります。そしてそれは、将来の経済の縮小や後退の際にもフードシステムが守られることにもつながっていくのです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020). COVID-19 global economic recession: Avoiding hunger must be at the centre of the economic stimulus. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca8800en/ca8800en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca8800en/ca8800en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E 　Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020). COVID-19: Using economic stimulus to reduce the long-term hunger impact. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1273127/icode/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1273127/icode/\u003C/a\u003E　Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank (2020). An analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. Africa’s Pulse, Volume 21. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541\u0022\u003Ehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) released a policy brief on April 24 to address long-term hunger and food insecurity due to the global recession caused by the novel COVID-19 and expressed the need for a policy to mitigate the impact.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough the forecasts on the impact of COVID-19 vary in details, it is certain that all point to a historic downturn of the global economy. In January, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicted that the global economy would grow by\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;3.3% in 2020. However, the latest projection in April indicates a contraction of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;3.0% that also includes many risks. The World Bank also reports that Sub-Saharan Africa will face the first recession in 25 years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO\u0027s analysis of past food supply (related to hunger) and economic trends shows that without timely and effective policies, millions of people will starve as a result of the global economic recession caused by COVID-19. The exact numbers will vary according to the severity of economic contractions. In case the new coronavirus has caused a global recession reducing GDP growth in all countries by 2-10% in 2020, it is expected to cause food shortages for 14.4 million to 80.3 million people in net food-importing countries, with the majority of the increase coming from low-income countries. It further warns that if the current inequality in food access worsens, the actual consequences will be worse.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to respond to COVID-19, the governments in each country need to carry out large-scale policy interventions. FAO calls on all countries\u0027 economic stimulus to do their best to maintain trade flows, sustain food supply chains and increase agricultural production.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAt the same time, food access is important, and inequality in access to food must not increase. The crisis could also be an opportunity to address the inequality of access to healthy food, which is a longstanding problem in many low and middle-income countries. Cash transfers, income compensation and food distribution should be directed to the most vulnerable and poorest people. International cooperation and assistance are also needed to support the poorest and most vulnerable countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPublic incentives aimed at strengthening food access during pandemics also provide an opportunity for food systems to be resilient. And that will also help protect the food system in the event of future economic downturns and recessions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca8800en/ca8800en.pdf\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 global economic recession: Avoiding hunger must be at the centre of the economic stimulus\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1273127/icode/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Using economic stimulus to reduce the long-term hunger impact\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33541 \u0022\u003EAn analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. Africa’s Pulse, Volume 21\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200501_ico_0.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200525#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "27. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― IFPRI Dashboard: Tracking the Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Food Market", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "27. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― IFPRI Dashboard: Tracking the Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Food Market", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Amid the increasing impact of COVID-19 on the world economy, the international community is urged to monitor the ever-changing policy movements of food exporting countries and their impact on food importing countries through international cooperation. The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has launched COVID-19 Food Policy Tracker to track food export restrictions around the world in the current COVID-19 crisis and their impact on the global food market. As of the end of April, 15 countries are implementing export restrictions, and it is estimated that the world trade in terms of calories will have an impact of about 5%.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Amid the increasing impact of COVID-19 on the world economy, the international community is urged to monitor the ever-changing policy movements of food exporting countries and their impact on food importing countries through international cooperation. The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has launched COVID-19 Food Policy Tracker to track food export restrictions around the world in the current COVID-19 crisis and their impact on the global food market. As of the end of April, 15 countries are implementing export restrictions, and it is estimated that the world trade in terms of calories will have an impact of about 5%.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJapan is the world\u0027s third largest grain importer with a calorie-based self-sufficiency rate of only 37% (Pick Up 11).\u0026nbsp;The shortage of food products that\u0026nbsp;that use wheat flour\u0026nbsp;has become a hot news topic\u0026nbsp;probably because of concerns\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;restrictions by\u0026nbsp;exporting countries due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) may affect Japan\u0027s food security, which depends on international trade. On the other hand, the Government of Japan and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;(MAFF)\u0026nbsp;have stated that as of May 1, 2020, sufficient reserves for rice and wheat have been secured, and there is no delay in imports from overseas.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the impact of COVID-19 on the global economy is increasing, it is said that sufficient global inventory is secured in the grain market, and grain prices remain relatively stable compared to oil and metal prices\u0026nbsp;(Pick Up 24). However, looking back on the experience of the 2008 global food crisis, it cannot be denied that protectionist actions of major exporters could lead to Domino effects of increasing food prices and threaten the food security of importing countries. The international community must monitor the ever-changing policy movements of food-exporting countries and their impact on food-importing countries, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;provide accurate and systematic information on food supply and demand\u0026nbsp;through international cooperation (Pick Up 9).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has launched COVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u0026nbsp;since March 2020,\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;provide an up-to-date data on food trade policy of each country and to analyze the impact of\u0026nbsp;the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;crisis\u0026nbsp;and on the global food market.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;IFPRI captures changes in food trade policy in response to the COVID-19 crisis\u0026nbsp;using\u0026nbsp;systematic and ad hoc data\u0026nbsp;gatheringfrom both\u0026nbsp;official\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;unofficial\u0026nbsp;sources. The system creates impact indicators\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;by combining\u0026nbsp;such\u0026nbsp;information with detailed\u0026nbsp;trade\u0026nbsp;data\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;data on\u0026nbsp;caloriec value of food trade to give an idea of the magnitude of each policy’s effect.\u0026nbsp;The data are updated daily and are available for access and download.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to IFPRI, at the time of writing the report (April 28), 15 countries are implementing export controls mainly related to staple food crops in response to COVID-19. The share of globally traded calories that has been impacted at around 5 percent is still relatively small,\u0026nbsp;as compared to the19 per-cent of globally traded calories impacted by the 2007-2008 food price crisis with 33 countries implementing export restrictions.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;On the other hand, some countries are already concerned about the significant food security impacts. For example, Kyrgyzstan relies on importing wheat and flour products from Kazakhstan for most of its calories, but Kazakhstan bans the export of wheat and flour. As a result, 50% of Kyrgyzstan\u0027s imported calories will be subject to export restrictions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EToday,\u0026nbsp;free trade is essential to ensuring food and nutrition security for people around the world, but it is of greater importance in the face of the global crisis. COVID-19 is a challenge for all human beings, and it cannot be solved by one government alone. It is now essential to maintain food and nutrition security in all countries around the world through trade cooperation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 FOOD TRADE POLICY TRACKER\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELaborde Debucquet, David; Mamun, Abdullah; and Parent, Marie. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/publication/documentation-covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker-tracking-government-responses-affecting\u0022\u003EDocumentation for the COVID-19 food trade policy tracker: Tracking government responses affecting global food markets during the COVID-19 crisis\u003C/a\u003E. COVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker Working Paper 1. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMAFF. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/saigai/n_coronavirus/\u0022\u003EAbout new coronavirus infection\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese).\u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 3, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 24. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Report: Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJapan is the world\u0027s third largest grain importer with a calorie-based self-sufficiency rate of only 37% (Pick Up 11).\u0026nbsp;The shortage of food products that\u0026nbsp;that use wheat flour\u0026nbsp;has become a hot news topic\u0026nbsp;probably because of concerns\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;restrictions by\u0026nbsp;exporting countries due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) may affect Japan\u0027s food security, which depends on international trade. On the other hand, the Government of Japan and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;(MAFF)\u0026nbsp;have stated that as of May 1, 2020, sufficient reserves for rice and wheat have been secured, and there is no delay in imports from overseas.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the impact of COVID-19 on the global economy is increasing, it is said that sufficient global inventory is secured in the grain market, and grain prices remain relatively stable compared to oil and metal prices\u0026nbsp;(Pick Up 24). However, looking back on the experience of the 2008 global food crisis, it cannot be denied that protectionist actions of major exporters could lead to Domino effects of increasing food prices and threaten the food security of importing countries. The international community must monitor the ever-changing policy movements of food-exporting countries and their impact on food-importing countries, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;provide accurate and systematic information on food supply and demand\u0026nbsp;through international cooperation (Pick Up 9).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has launched COVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u0026nbsp;since March 2020,\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;provide an up-to-date data on food trade policy of each country and to analyze the impact of\u0026nbsp;the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;crisis\u0026nbsp;and on the global food market.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;IFPRI captures changes in food trade policy in response to the COVID-19 crisis\u0026nbsp;using\u0026nbsp;systematic and ad hoc data\u0026nbsp;gatheringfrom both\u0026nbsp;official\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;unofficial\u0026nbsp;sources. The system creates impact indicators\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;by combining\u0026nbsp;such\u0026nbsp;information with detailed\u0026nbsp;trade\u0026nbsp;data\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;data on\u0026nbsp;caloriec value of food trade to give an idea of the magnitude of each policy’s effect.\u0026nbsp;The data are updated daily and are available for access and download.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to IFPRI, at the time of writing the report (April 28), 15 countries are implementing export controls mainly related to staple food crops in response to COVID-19. The share of globally traded calories that has been impacted at around 5 percent is still relatively small,\u0026nbsp;as compared to the19 per-cent of globally traded calories impacted by the 2007-2008 food price crisis with 33 countries implementing export restrictions.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;On the other hand, some countries are already concerned about the significant food security impacts. For example, Kyrgyzstan relies on importing wheat and flour products from Kazakhstan for most of its calories, but Kazakhstan bans the export of wheat and flour. As a result, 50% of Kyrgyzstan\u0027s imported calories will be subject to export restrictions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EToday,\u0026nbsp;free trade is essential to ensuring food and nutrition security for people around the world, but it is of greater importance in the face of the global crisis. COVID-19 is a challenge for all human beings, and it cannot be solved by one government alone. It is now essential to maintain food and nutrition security in all countries around the world through trade cooperation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 FOOD TRADE POLICY TRACKER\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELaborde Debucquet, David; Mamun, Abdullah; and Parent, Marie. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/publication/documentation-covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker-tracking-government-responses-affecting\u0022\u003EDocumentation for the COVID-19 food trade policy tracker: Tracking government responses affecting global food markets during the COVID-19 crisis\u003C/a\u003E. COVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker Working Paper 1. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMAFF. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/saigai/n_coronavirus/\u0022\u003EAbout new coronavirus infection\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese).\u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 3, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 24. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Report: Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200503#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "27. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　IFPRIダッシュボード: COVID-19輸出規制による世界食料市場への影響追跡", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "27. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― IFPRI Dashboard: Tracking the Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Food Market", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による世界経済への影響が高まる中、国際社会は、刻々と変化する食料輸出国による政策の動きや、食料輸入国への影響を随時モニタリングし、国際協調で解決する方法を準備しておく必要があります。国際食糧政策研究所(IFPRI)は、COVID-19パンデミック下における各国の輸出規制と、その世界食料市場への影響を追跡するダッシュボードを開設しています。4月末現在、15か国が輸出規制を実施中、カロリー換算された世界貿易で5％程の影響と推計されています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Amid the increasing impact of COVID-19 on the world economy, the international community is urged to monitor the ever-changing policy movements of food exporting countries and their impact on food importing countries through international cooperation. The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has launched COVID-19 Food Policy Tracker to track food export restrictions around the world in the current COVID-19 crisis and their impact on the global food market. As of the end of April, 15 countries are implementing export restrictions, and it is estimated that the world trade in terms of calories will have an impact of about 5%.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E日本はカロリーベースでの自給率が37%に留まり、世界第三位の穀物輸入国です(Pick Up 11)。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による国際的な移動規制は、国際貿易に依存する日本の食料安全保障にも影響を与えるかもしれないという関心からか、ホットケーキ粉など小麦粉を使った食品が品薄になっていることが話題になりました。これに対し、日本政府・農林水産省は、2020年5月1日現在、コメや小麦の備蓄についても十分な量が確保され、海外からの輸入が滞っているということはない、と明言しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19による世界経済への影響が増す中、穀物市場においては世界的に十分な在庫が確保されているとのことで、石油・メタル価格に比べ、穀物価格は相対的に安定的に推移しています (Pick Up 24) 。しかし、2008年世界食料危機の経験を振り返ると、主要輸出国による規制の動きがドミノ倒し的に世界食料価格の高騰をもたらし、食料輸入国の食料安全保障を脅かしかねない可能性も否定できません。国際社会は、刻々と変化する食料輸出国による政策の動きや、食料輸入国への影響を随時モニタリングし、国際協調で解決する方法を準備しておく必要があります (Pick Up 9) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際食糧政策研究所(The International Food Policy Research Institute: IFPRI)は、COVID-19パンデミック下における各国の輸出規制と、その世界食料市場への影響を追跡するダッシュボードを2020年3月以来開設し(\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u003C/a\u003E)、データ収集方法についての解説に関するレポートを公表しました。ダッシュボードは公的・非公的双方の情報源からの体系的かつ臨機応変なデータ収集を通じ、COVID-19危機に応じた食料貿易政策の変化を捉えます。この情報に、詳細な貿易・かつ食料貿易をカロリー換算したデータを合わせることで、各政策のインパクトの規模感を示唆するインパクト指標を作成しています。IFPRIは、これらデータを双方向性のあるものとして公表、日々更新することを目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRIによると、レポート執筆時点(4月28日) において、15か国がCOVID-19に対応し、おもに主食作物に関係する輸出規制を実施中です。33か国による輸出規制が実施された2007-2008年の食料危機がカロリー換算された世界貿易で19％の影響をもたらしたのに対し、今回はまだ5％程度の影響となっています。他方、既に食料安全保障上の影響が懸念される国もあります。例えば、キルギスタンは摂取カロリーの殆どを、カザフスタンからの小麦・小麦粉製品の輸入に依存していますが、そのカザフスタンが小麦・小麦粉の輸出を禁止しています。これにより、キルギスタンの輸入カロリーの50％が輸出規制に影響を受けると推計されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRIは次のように述べています。通常、自由貿易は、世界中の人々の食料栄養安全保障の確保に不可欠ですが、世界的な危機に直面する現在において、より重要な意義を持ちます。COVID-19は全人類への挑戦であり、一国政府が自国のみで解決できるものでありません。今は世界中の国が貿易協力を通じて、世界中のすべての国における食料栄養安全保障を維持することが肝要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI COVID-19 FOOD TRADE POLICY TRACKER. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELaborde Debucquet, David; Mamun, Abdullah; and Parent, Marie. 2020. Documentation for the COVID-19 food trade policy tracker: Tracking government responses affecting global food markets during the COVID-19 crisis. COVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker Working Paper 1. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/publication/documentation-covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker-tracking-government-responses-affecting\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ifpri.org/publication/documentation-covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker-tracking-government-responses-affecting\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農林水産省「新型コロナウイルス感染症について」\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/saigai/n_coronavirus/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/saigai/n_coronavirus/\u003C/a\u003E　Accessed on May 3, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 輸出規制・保護主義回避の必要性：2008年世界食料危機からの教訓 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 国際貿易と食料安全保障 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 24. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　世界銀行報告：COVID-19の一次産品商品市場への影響\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJapan is the world\u0027s third largest grain importer with a calorie-based self-sufficiency rate of only 37% (Pick Up 11).\u0026nbsp;The shortage of food products that\u0026nbsp;that use wheat flour\u0026nbsp;has become a hot news topic\u0026nbsp;probably because of concerns\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;restrictions by\u0026nbsp;exporting countries due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) may affect Japan\u0027s food security, which depends on international trade. On the other hand, the Government of Japan and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;(MAFF)\u0026nbsp;have stated that as of May 1, 2020, sufficient reserves for rice and wheat have been secured, and there is no delay in imports from overseas.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the impact of COVID-19 on the global economy is increasing, it is said that sufficient global inventory is secured in the grain market, and grain prices remain relatively stable compared to oil and metal prices\u0026nbsp;(Pick Up 24). However, looking back on the experience of the 2008 global food crisis, it cannot be denied that protectionist actions of major exporters could lead to Domino effects of increasing food prices and threaten the food security of importing countries. The international community must monitor the ever-changing policy movements of food-exporting countries and their impact on food-importing countries, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;provide accurate and systematic information on food supply and demand\u0026nbsp;through international cooperation (Pick Up 9).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has launched COVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u0026nbsp;since March 2020,\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;provide an up-to-date data on food trade policy of each country and to analyze the impact of\u0026nbsp;the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;crisis\u0026nbsp;and on the global food market.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;IFPRI captures changes in food trade policy in response to the COVID-19 crisis\u0026nbsp;using\u0026nbsp;systematic and ad hoc data\u0026nbsp;gatheringfrom both\u0026nbsp;official\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;unofficial\u0026nbsp;sources. The system creates impact indicators\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;by combining\u0026nbsp;such\u0026nbsp;information with detailed\u0026nbsp;trade\u0026nbsp;data\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;data on\u0026nbsp;caloriec value of food trade to give an idea of the magnitude of each policy’s effect.\u0026nbsp;The data are updated daily and are available for access and download.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to IFPRI, at the time of writing the report (April 28), 15 countries are implementing export controls mainly related to staple food crops in response to COVID-19. The share of globally traded calories that has been impacted at around 5 percent is still relatively small,\u0026nbsp;as compared to the19 per-cent of globally traded calories impacted by the 2007-2008 food price crisis with 33 countries implementing export restrictions.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;On the other hand, some countries are already concerned about the significant food security impacts. For example, Kyrgyzstan relies on importing wheat and flour products from Kazakhstan for most of its calories, but Kazakhstan bans the export of wheat and flour. As a result, 50% of Kyrgyzstan\u0027s imported calories will be subject to export restrictions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EToday,\u0026nbsp;free trade is essential to ensuring food and nutrition security for people around the world, but it is of greater importance in the face of the global crisis. COVID-19 is a challenge for all human beings, and it cannot be solved by one government alone. It is now essential to maintain food and nutrition security in all countries around the world through trade cooperation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 FOOD TRADE POLICY TRACKER\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELaborde Debucquet, David; Mamun, Abdullah; and Parent, Marie. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/publication/documentation-covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker-tracking-government-responses-affecting\u0022\u003EDocumentation for the COVID-19 food trade policy tracker: Tracking government responses affecting global food markets during the COVID-19 crisis\u003C/a\u003E. COVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker Working Paper 1. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMAFF. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/saigai/n_coronavirus/\u0022\u003EAbout new coronavirus infection\u003C/a\u003E (In Japanese).\u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 3, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 11. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― International Trade and Food Security\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 24. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Report: Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200503_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200601_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-05", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "28. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Perspectives on Food Systems", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "28. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Perspectives on Food Systems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "As of early May 2020, the importance of the food system is highlighted as concerns about the food security crisis are increasing under the lockdowns to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. The scientific report entitled “Food Systems at Risk: New Trends and Challenges” published in 2019 by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Center for International Development Studies of France (CIRAD), and the European Commission introduced some useful concepts in constructing a robust food system at the time of COVID-19. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "As of early May 2020, the importance of the food system is highlighted as concerns about the food security crisis are increasing under the lockdowns to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. The scientific report entitled “Food Systems at Risk: New Trends and Challenges” published in 2019 by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Center for International Development Studies of France (CIRAD), and the European Commission introduced some useful concepts in constructing a robust food system at the time of COVID-19. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of early May 2020, the importance of the food system is highlighted as concerns about food security are increasing under the lockdowns to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. What does the food system mean in the first place? In 2019, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), French Center for International Development Studies (CIRAD), and the European Commission published a report entitled “Food Systems at Risk: New Trends and challenges” based on the discussion held at the Food and Agriculture in Crisis event in April 2019. The report recognizes the need to build a framework for analyzing potential factors driving food crises that Low-Income (LI) and Lower Middle-Income (LMI) countries can face in the coming decades.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also highlights the key factors transforming the food system in low- and middle-income countries, namely, demographics, biophysical and environmental, innovation and technology, technology and infrastructure, sociocultural, economic, and political, which could be helpful in constructing a robust food system at the time of COVID-19.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report consists of the following sections:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. Conceptual framework\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Food systems contribute to and are impacted by climate change\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Environmental integrity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Inclusive development\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. Food security and nutrition\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDury, S., Bendjebbar, P., Hainzelin, E., Giordano, T. and Bricas, N., eds. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/policy-support/resources/resources-details/es/c/1257850/\u0022\u003EFood Systems at risk: new trends and challenges\u003C/a\u003E. Rome, Montpellier, Brussels, FAO, CIRAD and European Commission.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2018. Sustainable food systems. Concept and framework. Rome. 8 pp\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EILOSTAT, 2019. Employment by sector. January 2019　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPothukuchi, K. \u0026amp; Kaufman, J.L. 2000. The food system: a stranger to the planning field. Journal of the American Planning Association, 66(2), 113–124\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of early May 2020, the importance of the food system is highlighted as concerns about food security are increasing under the lockdowns to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. What does the food system mean in the first place? In 2019, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), French Center for International Development Studies (CIRAD), and the European Commission published a report entitled “Food Systems at Risk: New Trends and challenges” based on the discussion held at the Food and Agriculture in Crisis event in April 2019. The report recognizes the need to build a framework for analyzing potential factors driving food crises that Low-Income (LI) and Lower Middle-Income (LMI) countries can face in the coming decades.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also highlights the key factors transforming the food system in low- and middle-income countries, namely, demographics, biophysical and environmental, innovation and technology, technology and infrastructure, sociocultural, economic, and political, which could be helpful in constructing a robust food system at the time of COVID-19.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report consists of the following sections:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. Conceptual framework\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Food systems contribute to and are impacted by climate change\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Environmental integrity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Inclusive development\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. Food security and nutrition\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDury, S., Bendjebbar, P., Hainzelin, E., Giordano, T. and Bricas, N., eds. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/policy-support/resources/resources-details/es/c/1257850/\u0022\u003EFood Systems at risk: new trends and challenges\u003C/a\u003E. Rome, Montpellier, Brussels, FAO, CIRAD and European Commission.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2018. Sustainable food systems. Concept and framework. Rome. 8 pp\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EILOSTAT, 2019. Employment by sector. January 2019　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPothukuchi, K. \u0026amp; Kaufman, J.L. 2000. The food system: a stranger to the planning field. Journal of the American Planning Association, 66(2), 113–124\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200505#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-05", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "28. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― フードシステムとは", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "28. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Perspectives on Food Systems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年5月上旬現在、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) 封じ込めのための移動規制により食料安全保障への影響が懸念される中、フードシステムの重要性が浮き彫りになっています。そもそもフードシステムとは何でしょうか。国連食糧農業機関 (FAO)・フランス国際開発研究センター (CIRAD)・欧州委員会 (European Commission) による報告書『危機にさらされるフードシステム』から、参考になる概念を紹介します。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "As of early May 2020, the importance of the food system is highlighted as concerns about the food security crisis are increasing under the lockdowns to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. The scientific report entitled “Food Systems at Risk: New Trends and Challenges” published in 2019 by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Center for International Development Studies of France (CIRAD), and the European Commission introduced some useful concepts in constructing a robust food system at the time of COVID-19. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月上旬現在、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) 封じ込めのための移動規制により食料安全保障への影響が懸念される中、フードシステムの重要性が浮き彫りになっています。そもそもフードシステムとは何を指しているのでしょうか。2019年、国連食糧農業機関(FAO)・フランス国際開発研究センター(CIRAD)・欧州委員会(European Commission) は、『危機にさらされるフードシステム：新たなトレンドと挑戦(Food Systems at risk: new trends and challenges)』報告書を公表しています。2019年4月に行われた「危機時における食料と農業」イベントにて、来る数十年間に低所得国・低中所得国が直面しうる食料危機を引き起こす要因分析の枠組を構築する必要性が議論されたことが、本報告書作成の背景となったそうです。以下、現在進行中、及びポストCOVID-19時に強靭なフードシステムを構築する上で、本報告書から参考になる概念を紹介しておきたいと思います。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書は、冒頭でフードシステムの分析枠組を提示しています。フードシステムは食料生産に関するだけでなく、環境・社会経済的なアウトカムももたらします。フードシステムアプローチは、生産から消費、そしてそれらのアウトカムに至る全ての活動を分析対象とします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人類史の始まりとともに、フードシステムは家内的な生産・加工・消費形態から、より商業的で特化した生産・加工・消費活動へと展開してきました。とりわけ都市化と農村部における市場経済の発展とともに、ポスト・ハーベスト活動の重要性が高まり、貯蔵や長距離輸送、有用な部分の抽出や利用、栄養価・官能性・衛生面の改善、などを可能にしてきました。今日、これらすべての活動は農村・都市部の双方にて、付加価値・雇用・所得を生み出しています。今日、食料部門は世界で20憶人以上の雇用を生み出す世界でも最大の経済セクターの一つであり、2016年、低所得・低中所得国のそれぞれにおいて、68%、39%の雇用を創出(ILOSTAT)、食料加工・ケータリング・輸送・流通は成長分野となっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eフードシステム概念は、食料生産・集荷・輸送・貯蔵・加工・ケータリング・流通・調理と消費・廃棄物と資源管理、そして農業投入財のサプライヤー(種子・肥料・パッケージなど)や関連規制の制度・活動を繋ぐチェーンを意味します(Pothukuchi and Kaufman, 2000; FAO 2018ら参考)。 これらの活動や関係者は食料の循環によって密接に関連すると同時に、各部分については農業や食料とは無関係の活動や関係者と密接に関連するサブシステムとも捉えることができます。各サブシステムは独自に進化し、幾つかのサブシステムは相対的により産業化され、フードシステムに変革を及ぼす要因の影響もサブシステム毎に濃淡があるでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E無数の作物、多数の転換プロセス、調理方法や食文化、資本・技術水準などの組み合わせによって、フードシステムは驚くほど多様な様相を示します。この多様性は、地産資源や産品を最大限活用しながら、長年にわたる人類のイノベーションを通じて形成されてきました。フードシステムはさらに不断の進化を続け、外来の産品や経験を柔軟に取り入れてきました。フードシステムには静止の概念はなく、生産・加工・流通・消費・廃棄物マネジメントの異なるモデルを随時組み替えながらダイナミックに進化し続けています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農業開発方法の一つとして、先進国で普及し、一部途上国でも推進されているのが、特化、機械化、バイオマスサイクルに代わり化石燃料(石炭・石油)と肥料(窒素・リン)・化学薬品(殺虫剤)を大量に使用するモデルです。ポストハーベスト部門では、大規模加工・大規模生産、商品化、貿易のグローバル化、大規模流通システム(スーパーマーケット)が発展してきました。これにより、未だかつてない生産性の向上が可能になり、食料のアベイラビリティ・アクセスの改善が達成されました(経済成長と商品価格の下落により)。しかし、このような工業化された農業(industrialised agriculture)は、環境へのダメージ(汚染、資源枯渇、生物資源喪失、気候変動)と社会的費用(健康的な食生活や所得・持続的な生業機会の不平等、非感染性疾患の増加)も伴います。20世紀において、フードシステムの目的は食料生産の増強であり、それについては大きな成果をあげたと評価されています。しかし同時に深刻な負の外部経済性をもたらしたのも否定できません。フードシステムによるアウトカムにより配慮し、食料栄養安全保障のみならず、包括的な開発と気候変動に強靭な環境にも貢献すべきであるという認識が高まっています。この認識が2015年に国際社会が持続可能な開発目標 (SDGs)設定に合意した背景ともされています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書はまた、とりわけ低所得・低中所得国のフードシステムを変革する主要な要因として、次の6つ – 人口動態(demographic)、生物物理・環境的要因(biophysical and environmental), イノベーション・技術・インフラ(innovation, technology and infrastructure), 社会文化(sociocultural), 経済(economic)、政治(political) 、を挙げています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E全体として、報告書は、以下のセクションから構成されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1 概念 (Conceptual framework)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2 気候変動の要因かつ被害者であるフードシステム (Food systems contribute to and are impacted by climate change)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3 環境との統合 (Environmental integrity)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4 包括的な経済開発(Inclusive development)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5 食料安全保障と栄養(Food security and nutrition)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDury, S., Bendjebbar, P., Hainzelin, E., Giordano, T. and Bricas, N., eds. 2019. Food Systems at risk: new trends and challenges. Rome, Montpellier, Brussels, FAO, CIRAD and European Commission. DOI: 10.19182/agritrop/00080. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/policy-support/resources/resources-details/es/c/1257850/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/policy-support/resources/resources-details/es/c/1257850/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（以下、報告書で引用されていた文献）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2018. Sustainable food systems. Concept and framework. Rome. 8 pp\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EILOSTAT, 2019. Employment by sector. January 2019　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPothukuchi, K. \u0026amp; Kaufman, J.L. 2000. The food system: a stranger to the planning field. Journal of the American Planning Association, 66(2), 113–124\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of early May 2020, the importance of the food system is highlighted as concerns about food security are increasing under the lockdowns to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. What does the food system mean in the first place? In 2019, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), French Center for International Development Studies (CIRAD), and the European Commission published a report entitled “Food Systems at Risk: New Trends and challenges” based on the discussion held at the Food and Agriculture in Crisis event in April 2019. The report recognizes the need to build a framework for analyzing potential factors driving food crises that Low-Income (LI) and Lower Middle-Income (LMI) countries can face in the coming decades.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also highlights the key factors transforming the food system in low- and middle-income countries, namely, demographics, biophysical and environmental, innovation and technology, technology and infrastructure, sociocultural, economic, and political, which could be helpful in constructing a robust food system at the time of COVID-19.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report consists of the following sections:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. Conceptual framework\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Food systems contribute to and are impacted by climate change\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Environmental integrity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Inclusive development\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. Food security and nutrition\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDury, S., Bendjebbar, P., Hainzelin, E., Giordano, T. and Bricas, N., eds. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/policy-support/resources/resources-details/es/c/1257850/\u0022\u003EFood Systems at risk: new trends and challenges\u003C/a\u003E. Rome, Montpellier, Brussels, FAO, CIRAD and European Commission.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2018. Sustainable food systems. Concept and framework. Rome. 8 pp\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EILOSTAT, 2019. Employment by sector. January 2019　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPothukuchi, K. \u0026amp; Kaufman, J.L. 2000. The food system: a stranger to the planning field. Journal of the American Planning Association, 66(2), 113–124\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202107/20210708_ico_0.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200601#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "29. PNAS Paper: The Future of Human Climate Niche", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "29. PNAS Paper: The Future of Human Climate Niche", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "A paper entitled \u0022Future of the human climate niche\u0022 was published in the multidisciplinary scientific journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), on May 4, 2020. The paper demonstrates that, depending on scenarios of population growth and global warming, a niche suitable for human habitation will shift to higher latitudes on an unprecedented scale in the next 50 years, while population growth will occur in lower latitude regions. As a result, it is expected that a wide range of population distribution and climate mismatches will be amplified, and in the worst case scenario, one-third of the world\u0027s population or about 3.5 billion people will be exposed to mean annual temperature of 29 degrees or more. The regions most affected are the poorest regions in the world with low capacity to adapt to climate change, and climate change mitigation measures as well as improving human development should be a top priority.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A paper entitled \u0022Future of the human climate niche\u0022 was published in the multidisciplinary scientific journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), on May 4, 2020. The paper demonstrates that, depending on scenarios of population growth and global warming, a niche suitable for human habitation will shift to higher latitudes on an unprecedented scale in the next 50 years, while population growth will occur in lower latitude regions. As a result, it is expected that a wide range of population distribution and climate mismatches will be amplified, and in the worst case scenario, one-third of the world\u0027s population or about 3.5 billion people will be exposed to mean annual temperature of 29 degrees or more. The regions most affected are the poorest regions in the world with low capacity to adapt to climate change, and climate change mitigation measures as well as improving human development should be a top priority.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA paper entitled \u0022Future of the human climate niche\u0022 was published in the multidisciplinary scientific journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), on May 4, 2020. The paper demonstrates that, depending on scenarios of population growth and global warming, a niche suitable for human habitation will shift to higher latitudes on an unprecedented scale in the next 50 years, while population growth will occur in lower latitude regions. As a result, it is expected that a wide range of population distribution and climate mismatches will be amplified, and in the worst case scenario, one-third of the world\u0027s population or about 3.5 billion people will be exposed to mean annual temperature of 29 degrees or more. The regions most affected are the poorest regions in the world with low capacity to adapt to climate change, and climate change mitigation measures as well as improving human development should be a top priority.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EXu C, Kohler T, Lenton T, Svebnning J, Scheffer M (2020). Future of the human climate niche. PNAS first published May 4, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910114117\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910114117\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA paper entitled \u0022Future of the human climate niche\u0022 was published in the multidisciplinary scientific journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), on May 4, 2020. The paper demonstrates that, depending on scenarios of population growth and global warming, a niche suitable for human habitation will shift to higher latitudes on an unprecedented scale in the next 50 years, while population growth will occur in lower latitude regions. As a result, it is expected that a wide range of population distribution and climate mismatches will be amplified, and in the worst case scenario, one-third of the world\u0027s population or about 3.5 billion people will be exposed to mean annual temperature of 29 degrees or more. The regions most affected are the poorest regions in the world with low capacity to adapt to climate change, and climate change mitigation measures as well as improving human development should be a top priority.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EXu C, Kohler T, Lenton T, Svebnning J, Scheffer M (2020). Future of the human climate niche. PNAS first published May 4, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910114117\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910114117\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200507#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "29. 米国科学アカデミー紀要(PNAS)論文: 人類の気候的ニッチの未来", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "29. PNAS Paper: The Future of Human Climate Niche", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年5月4日、米国科学アカデミー紀要(PNAS)は、「人類の気候的ニッチの未来(Future of the human climate niche)」論文を公表しました。論文は、人口増と温暖化進行のシナリオによっては、今後50年間に、人類の居住に適したニッチが未だかつてない規模で高緯度にシフトする一方、人口増が低緯度地域で起こることで、適切な人口分布と気候のミスマッチが増幅され、最悪のシナリオでは世界人口の3分の１に相当する35億人が、年間平均気温29度以上の状況に置かれることを予測しました。最も影響を被るとされる地域は世界最貧地域でもあり、気候変動への適応力は弱く、気候変動緩和策と同時に人間開発の向上が最優先とされるべきです。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A paper entitled \u0022Future of the human climate niche\u0022 was published in the multidisciplinary scientific journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), on May 4, 2020. The paper demonstrates that, depending on scenarios of population growth and global warming, a niche suitable for human habitation will shift to higher latitudes on an unprecedented scale in the next 50 years, while population growth will occur in lower latitude regions. As a result, it is expected that a wide range of population distribution and climate mismatches will be amplified, and in the worst case scenario, one-third of the world\u0027s population or about 3.5 billion people will be exposed to mean annual temperature of 29 degrees or more. The regions most affected are the poorest regions in the world with low capacity to adapt to climate change, and climate change mitigation measures as well as improving human development should be a top priority.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月4日、米国科学アカデミー紀要(PNAS)で公表された論文「人類の気候的ニッチの未来」は、人口増と温暖化進行のシナリオによっては、今後50年間に、10～30億人の人々が、過去6000年の間人類が繁栄してきた気候条件の外に押し出されると予測しました。気候変動緩和対策あるいは人口移動がなければ、人類のかなりの多くの割合の人々が今日よりもずっと熱い気温条件にさらされることになります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E全ての種は環境的なニッチ(an environmental niche適所・生態的地位)を有し、技術的発展にもかかわらず、人類も例外ではありません。人類学者や生態学者を含む国際チームは、加速しつつある気候危機を前に、人類の発展に必要な気候条件についての理解を深める必要があるとし、近年入手可能となった人口動態・土地利用・気候情報を詳しく解析(mine)することで、過去数1000年間に人類の生活を支えてきた気候条件と、これら条件が将来どのように変化していくのか分析を試みました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E分析によると、過去何千年の間、人類の多くは平均年間気温摂氏の最頻値が11～15℃前後（第二の最頻値としてモンスーン地域に相当する20～25℃）の、むしろ狭い気候条件に相当する地域で暮らしてきました。気温とは対照的に、極端な乾燥地を除き、幅広い降雨量条件が（人々の暮らしに）利用されてきました。土壌の肥沃度は人類の分布を大きく規定する要因ではなく、同様に潜在的な生産性も異なる分布パターンをとり、人間の居住に適してこなかった熱帯雨林にピークを持ちます。現在の作物・家畜生産体系はこの(平均年間気温11～15℃)気温ニッチを支える条件に制約され、農業・非農業経済活動も同様の最適条件に適合してきました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eしかし今後50年間、気候変動シナリオ( a business-as-usual climate change scenario)の下、これまでの6000年間にくらべ、この気温ニッチが大きくシフトすることが予測されています。300年前の産業化前に比べ、2070年までに気温が7.5℃までも上昇することが想定され、その原因として地表は海洋よりも温まりやすいこと、また人口増が相対的に暑い地域で予測されていることで増長されること、が考えられています。イメージするとすれば、現在年間平均気温が13℃前後の地域が、現在でいえば北アフリカ・中国南部の一部・中東地域に相当する 年間平均気温20℃に達するということです。同じ期間に、既に暑い地域は世界の人口集中の中心地となります。数十年間で、人類の居住に適したニッチが未だかつてない規模で高緯度にシフトするのに対し、人口増が低緯度地域で起こることで、適切な人口分布と気候のミスマッチが増幅されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気温変化に直面しても、適応策による対応が適切に行われば、気候変化に応じてすぐに人口移動が生じる訳ではありません。しかし、人口移動が生じない場合、世界人口の3分の１に相当する35億人が、年間平均気温29度以上の状況に置かれることが予想されます。年間平均気温が29度以上というのは、現在は地球上の陸地の0.8%相当にすぎず、アフリカのサハラ地域に集中していますが、2070年には世界陸上の19％に及ぶことが予測されています。最も影響を被るとされる地域は世界最貧地域でもあり、気候変動への適応力は弱く、気候変動緩和策と同時に人間開発の向上が最優先とされるべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EXu C. et al. Future of the human climate niche. PNAS first published May 4, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910114117\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910114117\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA paper entitled \u0022Future of the human climate niche\u0022 was published in the multidisciplinary scientific journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), on May 4, 2020. The paper demonstrates that, depending on scenarios of population growth and global warming, a niche suitable for human habitation will shift to higher latitudes on an unprecedented scale in the next 50 years, while population growth will occur in lower latitude regions. As a result, it is expected that a wide range of population distribution and climate mismatches will be amplified, and in the worst case scenario, one-third of the world\u0027s population or about 3.5 billion people will be exposed to mean annual temperature of 29 degrees or more. The regions most affected are the poorest regions in the world with low capacity to adapt to climate change, and climate change mitigation measures as well as improving human development should be a top priority.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EXu C, Kohler T, Lenton T, Svebnning J, Scheffer M (2020). Future of the human climate niche. PNAS first published May 4, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910114117\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910114117\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200507_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200528#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "30. Transboundary Pests and the International Year of Plant Health ― Fall armyworm", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "30. Transboundary Pests and the International Year of Plant Health ― Fall armyworm", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Movement across borders has become difficult due to the global COVID-19 pandemic.Transboundary pests have no borders and can move long distances as shown by the desert locust outbreak that started in eastern Africa last year. The Lepidopterian pest fall armyworm is a a global transboundary pest that has greatly expanded in distribution areas in recent years. Although it is native to South America, it swept through the African continent in 2016 and arrived in Japan through the Asian continent in July last year. Recently, fall armyworm has also been reported in Australia which was heavily devastated by wildfires last year. This year 2020, as the world observes the \u0022International Year of Plant Health\u0022 to raise awareness on mitigation of plant pests, it is essential to deal with transboundary pests in the same way as COVID-19, as both problems cannot be tackled by any one country and need to be resolved by international cooperation.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Movement across borders has become difficult due to the global COVID-19 pandemic.Transboundary pests have no borders and can move long distances as shown by the desert locust outbreak that started in eastern Africa last year. The Lepidopterian pest fall armyworm is a a global transboundary pest that has greatly expanded in distribution areas in recent years. Although it is native to South America, it swept through the African continent in 2016 and arrived in Japan through the Asian continent in July last year. Recently, fall armyworm has also been reported in Australia which was heavily devastated by wildfires last year. This year 2020, as the world observes the \u0022International Year of Plant Health\u0022 to raise awareness on mitigation of plant pests, it is essential to deal with transboundary pests in the same way as COVID-19, as both problems cannot be tackled by any one country and need to be resolved by international cooperation.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global COVID-19 epidemic has significantly restricted the movement of\u0026nbsp;people making it particularly difficult to\u0026nbsp;cross\u0026nbsp;borders these days. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;there are no borders for\u0026nbsp;transboundary pests that have the ability to travel long distances. The\u0026nbsp;desert\u0026nbsp;locustoutbreak, which began in eastern Africa last year\u0026nbsp;and arrived in Japan last,\u0026nbsp;was\u0026nbsp;even discussed in\u0026nbsp;the Japanese Diet [1].\u0026nbsp;TheLepidopteran pest\u0026nbsp;fall armyworm\u0026nbsp;(Spodoptera frugiperda) is another\u0026nbsp;global transboundary pest that has expanded\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;distribution areasin recent years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe fall armyworm\u0026nbsp;is an agricultural pest native to the Americas\u0026nbsp;that causes serious\u0026nbsp;damage\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;more than 80 crops\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;corn, sorghum, sugar cane, vegetables etc.\u0026nbsp;It is also\u0026nbsp;known to fly up to\u0026nbsp;100 km\u0026nbsp;in a single\u0026nbsp;night\u0026nbsp;and to move long-distance\u0026nbsp;as far as\u0026nbsp;500 km per generation [2].\u0026nbsp;Although it is originally\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;major plant\u0026nbsp;pest in the\u0026nbsp;tropical and subtropical regions of the\u0026nbsp;Americas, it\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;spread\u0026nbsp;to almost all areas\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Africa\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;just\u0026nbsp;one year after invading the continent in 2016.\u0026nbsp;A\u0026nbsp;survey conducted in 2018 estimated that maize yield in the African continent\u0026nbsp;was reduced by as much as\u0026nbsp;17.7 million tons per year\u0026nbsp;due to this pest\u0026nbsp;[3]. Last year,\u0026nbsp;fall armyworm invaded\u0026nbsp;the Asian continent and reached Japan in July.\u0026nbsp;By the end of 2019, outbreaks\u0026nbsp;have been\u0026nbsp;confirmed in 21 prefectures, mainly in western Japan [2].\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to a report dated May 5, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the fall armyworm has\u0026nbsp;also invaded Australia in January this year and is rapidly expanding its habitat [4]. Last year, the average rainfall\u0026nbsp;in Australia\u0026nbsp;was the lowest\u0026nbsp;ever recorded\u0026nbsp;in history, but the average temperature was the highest ever. In addition to the natural disasters that are believed to be caused by climate change,\u0026nbsp;the country has\u0026nbsp;also been invaded by the\u0026nbsp;fall armyworm.\u0026nbsp;As\u0026nbsp;transboundary pests\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;easily\u0026nbsp;expand\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;high-latitude areas\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;global warming,\u0026nbsp;it is expected that the\u0026nbsp;scaleand period\u0026nbsp;of outbreaks will increase\u0026nbsp;further. Similar to the new coronavirus measures, such problems cannot be\u0026nbsp;resolved\u0026nbsp;by any\u0026nbsp;one country, and international cooperation is essential.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;is the International Year of Plant\u0026nbsp;Health (IYPH 2020), which aims to raise global awareness\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;the importance of efforts to prevent the spread of plant pests [5].\u0026nbsp;As part of these efforts,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;organized the International\u0026nbsp;Symposium\u0026nbsp;2019 with the theme\u0026nbsp;“International\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;collaboration\u0026nbsp;to tackle transboundary plant pests:\u0026nbsp;Contributions to\u0026nbsp;Sustainable Development Goals” [6] and\u0026nbsp;also\u0026nbsp;participated in\u0026nbsp;the “International\u0026nbsp;Workshop on\u0026nbsp;Facilitating Research\u0026nbsp;Collaborations on\u0026nbsp;Transboundary\u0026nbsp;Plant\u0026nbsp;Pests” organized by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF)\u0026nbsp;[7]. In the future, we will continue to\u0026nbsp;intensify our\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;transboundary pests and disseminate information in cooperation with international organizations in order to coordinate the efforts\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;addressing\u0026nbsp;this globalproblem.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/k_kokunai/tumajiro.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/k_kokunai/tumajiro.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/fall-armyworm/background/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/fall-armyworm/background/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.aap.com.au/destructive-pest-worm-threatens-aust-crops/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.aap.com.au/destructive-pest-worm-threatens-aust-crops/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/iyph/iyph.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/iyph/iyph.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191128_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191128_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E7. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191129_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191129_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KOBORI Youichi (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global COVID-19 epidemic has significantly restricted the movement of\u0026nbsp;people making it particularly difficult to\u0026nbsp;cross\u0026nbsp;borders these days. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;there are no borders for\u0026nbsp;transboundary pests that have the ability to travel long distances. The\u0026nbsp;desert\u0026nbsp;locustoutbreak, which began in eastern Africa last year\u0026nbsp;and arrived in Japan last,\u0026nbsp;was\u0026nbsp;even discussed in\u0026nbsp;the Japanese Diet [1].\u0026nbsp;TheLepidopteran pest\u0026nbsp;fall armyworm\u0026nbsp;(Spodoptera frugiperda) is another\u0026nbsp;global transboundary pest that has expanded\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;distribution areasin recent years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe fall armyworm\u0026nbsp;is an agricultural pest native to the Americas\u0026nbsp;that causes serious\u0026nbsp;damage\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;more than 80 crops\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;corn, sorghum, sugar cane, vegetables etc.\u0026nbsp;It is also\u0026nbsp;known to fly up to\u0026nbsp;100 km\u0026nbsp;in a single\u0026nbsp;night\u0026nbsp;and to move long-distance\u0026nbsp;as far as\u0026nbsp;500 km per generation [2].\u0026nbsp;Although it is originally\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;major plant\u0026nbsp;pest in the\u0026nbsp;tropical and subtropical regions of the\u0026nbsp;Americas, it\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;spread\u0026nbsp;to almost all areas\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Africa\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;just\u0026nbsp;one year after invading the continent in 2016.\u0026nbsp;A\u0026nbsp;survey conducted in 2018 estimated that maize yield in the African continent\u0026nbsp;was reduced by as much as\u0026nbsp;17.7 million tons per year\u0026nbsp;due to this pest\u0026nbsp;[3]. Last year,\u0026nbsp;fall armyworm invaded\u0026nbsp;the Asian continent and reached Japan in July.\u0026nbsp;By the end of 2019, outbreaks\u0026nbsp;have been\u0026nbsp;confirmed in 21 prefectures, mainly in western Japan [2].\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to a report dated May 5, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the fall armyworm has\u0026nbsp;also invaded Australia in January this year and is rapidly expanding its habitat [4]. Last year, the average rainfall\u0026nbsp;in Australia\u0026nbsp;was the lowest\u0026nbsp;ever recorded\u0026nbsp;in history, but the average temperature was the highest ever. In addition to the natural disasters that are believed to be caused by climate change,\u0026nbsp;the country has\u0026nbsp;also been invaded by the\u0026nbsp;fall armyworm.\u0026nbsp;As\u0026nbsp;transboundary pests\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;easily\u0026nbsp;expand\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;high-latitude areas\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;global warming,\u0026nbsp;it is expected that the\u0026nbsp;scaleand period\u0026nbsp;of outbreaks will increase\u0026nbsp;further. Similar to the new coronavirus measures, such problems cannot be\u0026nbsp;resolved\u0026nbsp;by any\u0026nbsp;one country, and international cooperation is essential.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;is the International Year of Plant\u0026nbsp;Health (IYPH 2020), which aims to raise global awareness\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;the importance of efforts to prevent the spread of plant pests [5].\u0026nbsp;As part of these efforts,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;organized the International\u0026nbsp;Symposium\u0026nbsp;2019 with the theme\u0026nbsp;“International\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;collaboration\u0026nbsp;to tackle transboundary plant pests:\u0026nbsp;Contributions to\u0026nbsp;Sustainable Development Goals” [6] and\u0026nbsp;also\u0026nbsp;participated in\u0026nbsp;the “International\u0026nbsp;Workshop on\u0026nbsp;Facilitating Research\u0026nbsp;Collaborations on\u0026nbsp;Transboundary\u0026nbsp;Plant\u0026nbsp;Pests” organized by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF)\u0026nbsp;[7]. In the future, we will continue to\u0026nbsp;intensify our\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;transboundary pests and disseminate information in cooperation with international organizations in order to coordinate the efforts\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;addressing\u0026nbsp;this globalproblem.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/k_kokunai/tumajiro.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/k_kokunai/tumajiro.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/fall-armyworm/background/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/fall-armyworm/background/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.aap.com.au/destructive-pest-worm-threatens-aust-crops/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.aap.com.au/destructive-pest-worm-threatens-aust-crops/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/iyph/iyph.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/iyph/iyph.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191128_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191128_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E7. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191129_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191129_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KOBORI Youichi (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200508#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "30. 越境性病害虫と国際植物防疫年　―　ツマジロクサヨトウ(fall armyworm)", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "30. Transboundary Pests and the International Year of Plant Health ― Fall armyworm", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）の世界的な流行によって、国境を越えた移動が難しい日々が続いています。一方、昨年からアフリカ東部を発生源として始まったサバクトビバッタの大発生にみるように、長距離移動能力を有する越境性病害虫に国境はありません。チョウ目の害虫であるツマジロクサヨトウ（英名fall armyworm: FAW、学名Spodoptera frugiperda）も、近年、その分布域を大幅に拡大している世界的な越境性害虫です。南米原産ながら、2016年にアフリカ大陸を席巻後、アジアを経由して昨年7月に日本に到達し、現在は昨年来の山火事被害の記憶が生々しいオーストラリアに侵入と報道されています。今年は、植物病害虫のまん延防止に向けた取組の重要性に対する世界的な認識を高めることを目指す「国際植物防疫年」ですが、越境性病害虫はCOVID-19対策同様、ひとつの国で解決することは不可能であり、国際協調が不可欠です。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Movement across borders has become difficult due to the global COVID-19 pandemic.Transboundary pests have no borders and can move long distances as shown by the desert locust outbreak that started in eastern Africa last year. The Lepidopterian pest fall armyworm is a a global transboundary pest that has greatly expanded in distribution areas in recent years. Although it is native to South America, it swept through the African continent in 2016 and arrived in Japan through the Asian continent in July last year. Recently, fall armyworm has also been reported in Australia which was heavily devastated by wildfires last year. This year 2020, as the world observes the \u0022International Year of Plant Health\u0022 to raise awareness on mitigation of plant pests, it is essential to deal with transboundary pests in the same way as COVID-19, as both problems cannot be tackled by any one country and need to be resolved by international cooperation.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）の世界的な流行によって、われわれ人間の移動は大幅に規制されており、特に国境を越えた移動は難しい日々が続いています。一方、長距離移動能力を有する越境性病害虫に国境はありません。昨年からアフリカ東部を発生源として始まったサバクトビバッタの大発生は、日本の国会でも取り上げられたところです（詳細は、Pick Up-2をご参照ください[1]）。また、ヨトウムシなどと同じチョウ目の害虫であるツマジロクサヨトウ（英名fall armyworm: FAW、学名\u003Cem\u003ESpodoptera frugiperda\u003C/em\u003E）も、近年、その分布域を大幅に拡大している世界的な越境性害虫です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eツマジロクサヨトウは、南北アメリカ原産の農業害虫で、トウモロコシ、ソルガム、サトウキビ、野菜類等、80種類以上の作物に被害を与えること、1世代で500km、1晩で最大100km移動するなど長距離飛翔することが知られています[2]。もともとアメリカ大陸のみで問題となっている害虫でしたが、2016年にアフリカ大陸に侵入した後、1年間で同大陸ほぼ全域に急速に拡散しました。2018年に実施された調査結果から、アフリカ大陸におけるトウモロコシの減収量は最大で年間1770万トンにも及ぶと推定されています[3]。また、昨年はアジア大陸を踏破し、7月には日本にも到達しました。日本では、2019年末までに西日本を中心とする21府県で発生が確認されています[2]。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E加えて、2020年5月5日付の報道では、今年1月にオーストラリアにも侵入し、その生息域を急速に拡大している、とのことです[4]。昨年、オーストラリアでは、平均降水量が観測史上最も少ない一方、平均気温が過去最高となるなど、火災が発生・拡大しやすい気候条件が揃った年となり、森林火災による大きな被害が発生しました。気候変動に起因すると思われる自然災害に加えて、越境性害虫であるツマジロクサヨトウの侵入も受けたことになります。また、地球規模の温暖化により、越境性害虫の発生地域が高緯度地域に拡大しやすくなることで、発生量の増加、発生期間の長期化が予想されます。このような問題は、新型コロナウイルス対策同様、ひとつの国で解決することは不可能であり、国際協調が不可欠です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今年は、植物病害虫のまん延防止に向けた取組の重要性に対する世界的な認識を高めることを目指す「国際植物防疫年」です（詳細は、[5]をご参照ください）。国際農研でも、これまでに、JIRCAS国際シンポジウム2019「植物の越境性病害虫に立ち向かう国際研究協力〜SDGs への貢献」を開催するとともに[6]、越境性植物病害虫の研究連携に関する国際ワークショップ参加[7]などの活動を行いました。今後も、国際機関等との協力を通じ、越境性病害虫の問題解決に向けたコーディネートを担うべく、研究と情報発信を続けてゆきます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/k_kokunai/tumajiro.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/k_kokunai/tumajiro.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/fall-armyworm/background/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/fall-armyworm/background/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.aap.com.au/destructive-pest-worm-threatens-aust-crops/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.aap.com.au/destructive-pest-worm-threatens-aust-crops/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/iyph/iyph.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/iyph/iyph.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191128_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191128_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E7. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191129_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191129_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：生産環境・畜産領域　小堀陽一）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global COVID-19 epidemic has significantly restricted the movement of\u0026nbsp;people making it particularly difficult to\u0026nbsp;cross\u0026nbsp;borders these days. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;there are no borders for\u0026nbsp;transboundary pests that have the ability to travel long distances. The\u0026nbsp;desert\u0026nbsp;locustoutbreak, which began in eastern Africa last year\u0026nbsp;and arrived in Japan last,\u0026nbsp;was\u0026nbsp;even discussed in\u0026nbsp;the Japanese Diet [1].\u0026nbsp;TheLepidopteran pest\u0026nbsp;fall armyworm\u0026nbsp;(Spodoptera frugiperda) is another\u0026nbsp;global transboundary pest that has expanded\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;distribution areasin recent years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe fall armyworm\u0026nbsp;is an agricultural pest native to the Americas\u0026nbsp;that causes serious\u0026nbsp;damage\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;more than 80 crops\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;corn, sorghum, sugar cane, vegetables etc.\u0026nbsp;It is also\u0026nbsp;known to fly up to\u0026nbsp;100 km\u0026nbsp;in a single\u0026nbsp;night\u0026nbsp;and to move long-distance\u0026nbsp;as far as\u0026nbsp;500 km per generation [2].\u0026nbsp;Although it is originally\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;major plant\u0026nbsp;pest in the\u0026nbsp;tropical and subtropical regions of the\u0026nbsp;Americas, it\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;spread\u0026nbsp;to almost all areas\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Africa\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;just\u0026nbsp;one year after invading the continent in 2016.\u0026nbsp;A\u0026nbsp;survey conducted in 2018 estimated that maize yield in the African continent\u0026nbsp;was reduced by as much as\u0026nbsp;17.7 million tons per year\u0026nbsp;due to this pest\u0026nbsp;[3]. Last year,\u0026nbsp;fall armyworm invaded\u0026nbsp;the Asian continent and reached Japan in July.\u0026nbsp;By the end of 2019, outbreaks\u0026nbsp;have been\u0026nbsp;confirmed in 21 prefectures, mainly in western Japan [2].\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to a report dated May 5, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the fall armyworm has\u0026nbsp;also invaded Australia in January this year and is rapidly expanding its habitat [4]. Last year, the average rainfall\u0026nbsp;in Australia\u0026nbsp;was the lowest\u0026nbsp;ever recorded\u0026nbsp;in history, but the average temperature was the highest ever. In addition to the natural disasters that are believed to be caused by climate change,\u0026nbsp;the country has\u0026nbsp;also been invaded by the\u0026nbsp;fall armyworm.\u0026nbsp;As\u0026nbsp;transboundary pests\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;easily\u0026nbsp;expand\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;high-latitude areas\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;global warming,\u0026nbsp;it is expected that the\u0026nbsp;scaleand period\u0026nbsp;of outbreaks will increase\u0026nbsp;further. Similar to the new coronavirus measures, such problems cannot be\u0026nbsp;resolved\u0026nbsp;by any\u0026nbsp;one country, and international cooperation is essential.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;is the International Year of Plant\u0026nbsp;Health (IYPH 2020), which aims to raise global awareness\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;the importance of efforts to prevent the spread of plant pests [5].\u0026nbsp;As part of these efforts,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;organized the International\u0026nbsp;Symposium\u0026nbsp;2019 with the theme\u0026nbsp;“International\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;collaboration\u0026nbsp;to tackle transboundary plant pests:\u0026nbsp;Contributions to\u0026nbsp;Sustainable Development Goals” [6] and\u0026nbsp;also\u0026nbsp;participated in\u0026nbsp;the “International\u0026nbsp;Workshop on\u0026nbsp;Facilitating Research\u0026nbsp;Collaborations on\u0026nbsp;Transboundary\u0026nbsp;Plant\u0026nbsp;Pests” organized by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF)\u0026nbsp;[7]. In the future, we will continue to\u0026nbsp;intensify our\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;transboundary pests and disseminate information in cooperation with international organizations in order to coordinate the efforts\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;addressing\u0026nbsp;this globalproblem.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/k_kokunai/tumajiro.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/k_kokunai/tumajiro.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/fall-armyworm/background/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/fall-armyworm/background/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.aap.com.au/destructive-pest-worm-threatens-aust-crops/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.aap.com.au/destructive-pest-worm-threatens-aust-crops/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/iyph/iyph.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/keneki/iyph/iyph.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191128_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191128_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E7. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191129_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2019/r20191129_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KOBORI Youichi (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200508_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200601_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "31.New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Great Lockdown vs. Great Recession", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "31.New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Great Lockdown vs. Great Recession", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published a report, \u0022Comparing Crises: Great Lockdown vs. Great Recession”. The Great Recession of the late 2000s and early 2010s has been described as the worst recession since the Second World War. The economic crisis of the Great Lockdown associated with COVID-19 is expected to exceed the shock of the Great Recession, as it is certain to affect not only high-income countries but also low-income countries. According to the report, the Small Island Developing States (SIDS) will suffer the most from the crisis due to their dependence on food imports, tourism revenues and remittances. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published a report, \u0022Comparing Crises: Great Lockdown vs. Great Recession”. The Great Recession of the late 2000s and early 2010s has been described as the worst recession since the Second World War. The economic crisis of the Great Lockdown associated with COVID-19 is expected to exceed the shock of the Great Recession, as it is certain to affect not only high-income countries but also low-income countries. According to the report, the Small Island Developing States (SIDS) will suffer the most from the crisis due to their dependence on food imports, tourism revenues and remittances. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published a report entitled \u0022Comparing Crises: Great Lockdown versus Great Recession\u0022 (Schmidhuber and Qiao 2020). The Great Recession refers to the global economic crisis during the late 2000s and early 2010s and has been so far considered the worst recession since World War II. On the other hand, the Great Lockdown is associated with COVID-19 and is expected to lead to much deeper recessions at both the country and global level.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe differences between the two crises are summarized in the report as follows (short version):\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. The Great Lockdown will result in GDP contractions considerably deeper than those of\u0026nbsp;the Great Recession.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Low-income countries saw little change in their GDP growth rates during the Great\u0026nbsp;Recession, which mainly resulted in negative growth rates in high-income countries.\u0026nbsp;While under the Great Lockdown, low income countries will also see\u0026nbsp;sharp declines in GDP.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Particularly hard hit will be emerging markets in Europe and Latin America, all of which\u0026nbsp;are heavily dependent on commodity exports, including agricultural exports.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Hardest hit of all will be island states, particularly the SIDS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. The world in 2020 is more experienced in dealing with global crises and arguably also\u0026nbsp;better prepared. In high income countries, central banks are now fully familiar with the\u0026nbsp;instruments of monetary easing. However, the large accumulation of debts in low income\u0026nbsp;countries could spark a credit crunch and result in debt defaults.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6. The initial conditions for world agriculture are more supportive to avoiding a global\u0026nbsp;food crisis.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E7. While global markets appear to be well supplied and resilient to further shocks, local\u0026nbsp;problems could loom large. Particularly exposed are the SIDS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E8. In low- and high-income countries alike, all forms of labour-intensive agriculture are\u0026nbsp;particularly exposed to the impacts of COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E9. Where COVID-19 emerges amid other crises such a pest and disease outbreaks (locust,\u0026nbsp;African swine fever), adverse weather conditions, or compromised security (civil\u0026nbsp;strife), the impacts on local food security can rise significantly.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E10. At the level of international food markets, avoiding supply and export restrictions is of\u0026nbsp;key importance.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​​Schmidhuber, J. And Qiao, B. 2020. Comparing crises: Great Lockdown versus Great Recession. Rome, FAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8833en\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.4060/ca8833en\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\u0022margin:0in 0in 8pt\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published a report entitled \u0022Comparing Crises: Great Lockdown versus Great Recession\u0022 (Schmidhuber and Qiao 2020). The Great Recession refers to the global economic crisis during the late 2000s and early 2010s and has been so far considered the worst recession since World War II. On the other hand, the Great Lockdown is associated with COVID-19 and is expected to lead to much deeper recessions at both the country and global level.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe differences between the two crises are summarized in the report as follows (short version):\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. The Great Lockdown will result in GDP contractions considerably deeper than those of\u0026nbsp;the Great Recession.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Low-income countries saw little change in their GDP growth rates during the Great\u0026nbsp;Recession, which mainly resulted in negative growth rates in high-income countries.\u0026nbsp;While under the Great Lockdown, low income countries will also see\u0026nbsp;sharp declines in GDP.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Particularly hard hit will be emerging markets in Europe and Latin America, all of which\u0026nbsp;are heavily dependent on commodity exports, including agricultural exports.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Hardest hit of all will be island states, particularly the SIDS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. The world in 2020 is more experienced in dealing with global crises and arguably also\u0026nbsp;better prepared. In high income countries, central banks are now fully familiar with the\u0026nbsp;instruments of monetary easing. However, the large accumulation of debts in low income\u0026nbsp;countries could spark a credit crunch and result in debt defaults.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6. The initial conditions for world agriculture are more supportive to avoiding a global\u0026nbsp;food crisis.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E7. While global markets appear to be well supplied and resilient to further shocks, local\u0026nbsp;problems could loom large. Particularly exposed are the SIDS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E8. In low- and high-income countries alike, all forms of labour-intensive agriculture are\u0026nbsp;particularly exposed to the impacts of COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E9. Where COVID-19 emerges amid other crises such a pest and disease outbreaks (locust,\u0026nbsp;African swine fever), adverse weather conditions, or compromised security (civil\u0026nbsp;strife), the impacts on local food security can rise significantly.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E10. At the level of international food markets, avoiding supply and export restrictions is of\u0026nbsp;key importance.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​​Schmidhuber, J. And Qiao, B. 2020. Comparing crises: Great Lockdown versus Great Recession. Rome, FAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8833en\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.4060/ca8833en\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\u0022margin:0in 0in 8pt\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200508_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "31. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック　―　グレート・ロックダウン (大封鎖) vs. グレート・リセッション(経済不況)", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "31.New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Great Lockdown vs. Great Recession", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、報告書『危機の比較：グレート・ロックダウンvs.グレート・リセッション』を公表しました。2000年代後半から2010年代初頭の「グレート・リセッション(経済不況)」は、これまで第二次世界大戦以来最悪の大規模景気後退局面であると言われてきました。今回の新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)に伴う「グレート・ロックダウン(大封鎖)」による経済危機は、グレート・リセッションのケースを遥かに上回り、高所得国のみならず、低所得国も影響を受けるのは確実とされています。とりわけ小規模な島嶼開発途上国家 (SIDS)は、食料を輸入に依存し、観光収入と送金が途絶える中、今回の危機で最大の被害を受けるとされています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published a report, \u0022Comparing Crises: Great Lockdown vs. Great Recession”. The Great Recession of the late 2000s and early 2010s has been described as the worst recession since the Second World War. The economic crisis of the Great Lockdown associated with COVID-19 is expected to exceed the shock of the Great Recession, as it is certain to affect not only high-income countries but also low-income countries. According to the report, the Small Island Developing States (SIDS) will suffer the most from the crisis due to their dependence on food imports, tourism revenues and remittances. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、報告書『危機の比較：グレート・ロックダウンvs.グレート・リセッション(Comparing crises: Great Lockdown versus Great Recession)』を公表しました(Schmidhuber and Qiao 2020)。グレート・リセッション(経済不況)は、2000年代後半から2010年代初頭までの間に世界市場で観察された大規模な景気後退を指します。今回の新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)に伴うグレート・ロックダウン(大封鎖)が起こるまで、グレート・リセッションは、第二次世界大戦以来最悪の大規模景気後退局面であると言われてきました。二つの危機の違いについて、報告書は以下のようにまとめています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. グレート・ロックダウンは、グレート・リセッションよりも深刻な経済低迷 (GDPの縮小) をもたらすとみられる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2.グレート・リセッションの際には高所得国が影響を被る一方低所得国ではGDP成長率に殆ど変化が見られなかったが、今回のグレートロックダウンでは、低所得国でもGDPの落ち込み（とくに危機前のベースライン予測に対し）が予測される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. とりわけ打撃をうけるとされるのは、農業輸出を含む商品輸出に過度に依存した欧州や南米の新興市場である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. 中でも最大の被害を受けるのが小規模な島嶼開発途上国家 (Small Island Developing States: SIDS) である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. グローバルな危機に直面し、2020年の世界は以前よりうまく対応しているのは確かである。高所得国では、中央銀行は金融緩和の措置をわきまえているし、追加的な資本ニーズにも応える手段も持ち合わせている。財政面でも、政府は支出上限を引き上げている。しかし、低所得に関しては、外貨建を含む膨大な債務累積は貸し渋りや債務不履行をもたらしかねない。既に、対外債務のリスケがアナウンスされていることからも兆候は明らかである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6. 世界農業をとりまく条件は、今のところ世界的食料危機の回避に有利に働いている。(グレート・リセッション時と対照的に) 食料生産の見込は明るく、備蓄も十分あり、国際穀物価格は低く安定、貿易には多くの輸出・輸入者が参加、大量輸送コストは抑制され、肥料や投入財費用も低く、エネルギー価格はむしろ崩壊、バイオ燃料との競合も実質的に不在である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E7. グローバル市場には供給が十分あり、さらなるショックも耐えられそうではあるが、国・地域によっては問題は深刻化しうる。とりわけ小規模な島嶼開発途上国家 (SIDS)は、観光収入と送金が途絶える中、過度に食料輸入に依存しており、今回の危機に極めて脆弱である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E8. 低所得国・高所得国とも、労働集約的な農業はCOVID-19の影響を真っ向から被っている。とりわけ、COVID-19関連の健康問題や労働者の移動規制を通じ、自給自足的農民や農業労働者に大打撃を与える。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E9.サブサハラ・アフリカで見られるように食料安全保障が既に危機的状況に置かれているような国では、病害虫(バッタ、アフリカ豚熱) 、異常気象、治安悪化などの既存の危機とCOVID-19に同時に直面することで、食料安全保障の危機が増幅することが懸念される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E10.国際食料市場レベルでは、輸出規制を回避することが最優先事項である。SIDSや複数の危機にさらされている国に重点的支援が行われる必要がある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​​Schmidhuber, J. And Qiao, B. 2020. Comparing crises: Great Lockdown versus Great Recession. Rome, FAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8833en\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.4060/ca8833en\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\u0022margin:0in 0in 8pt\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published a report entitled \u0022Comparing Crises: Great Lockdown versus Great Recession\u0022 (Schmidhuber and Qiao 2020). The Great Recession refers to the global economic crisis during the late 2000s and early 2010s and has been so far considered the worst recession since World War II. On the other hand, the Great Lockdown is associated with COVID-19 and is expected to lead to much deeper recessions at both the country and global level.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe differences between the two crises are summarized in the report as follows (short version):\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. The Great Lockdown will result in GDP contractions considerably deeper than those of\u0026nbsp;the Great Recession.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Low-income countries saw little change in their GDP growth rates during the Great\u0026nbsp;Recession, which mainly resulted in negative growth rates in high-income countries.\u0026nbsp;While under the Great Lockdown, low income countries will also see\u0026nbsp;sharp declines in GDP.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Particularly hard hit will be emerging markets in Europe and Latin America, all of which\u0026nbsp;are heavily dependent on commodity exports, including agricultural exports.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Hardest hit of all will be island states, particularly the SIDS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5. The world in 2020 is more experienced in dealing with global crises and arguably also\u0026nbsp;better prepared. In high income countries, central banks are now fully familiar with the\u0026nbsp;instruments of monetary easing. However, the large accumulation of debts in low income\u0026nbsp;countries could spark a credit crunch and result in debt defaults.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6. The initial conditions for world agriculture are more supportive to avoiding a global\u0026nbsp;food crisis.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E7. While global markets appear to be well supplied and resilient to further shocks, local\u0026nbsp;problems could loom large. Particularly exposed are the SIDS.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E8. In low- and high-income countries alike, all forms of labour-intensive agriculture are\u0026nbsp;particularly exposed to the impacts of COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E9. Where COVID-19 emerges amid other crises such a pest and disease outbreaks (locust,\u0026nbsp;African swine fever), adverse weather conditions, or compromised security (civil\u0026nbsp;strife), the impacts on local food security can rise significantly.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E10. At the level of international food markets, avoiding supply and export restrictions is of\u0026nbsp;key importance.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E​​Schmidhuber, J. And Qiao, B. 2020. Comparing crises: Great Lockdown versus Great Recession. Rome, FAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca8833en\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.4060/ca8833en\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\u0022margin:0in 0in 8pt\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200508_ico_0.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200601_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "32. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) - Global Forest Resource Assessment 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "32. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) - Global Forest Resource Assessment 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published an interactive report that contains the main findings of the Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA). The FRA provides a comprehensive report on the status and trends in world’s forests, land tenure and access rights, sustainable forest management, legal and institutional frameworks for forest conservation, and sustainable use of forest resources. Currently, the total forest area is 4.06 billion hectares, which accounts for about one-third of the world\u0027s land, and although the forest area has been declining globally since 1990, the rate of decline is currently slowing down.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published an interactive report that contains the main findings of the Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA). The FRA provides a comprehensive report on the status and trends in world’s forests, land tenure and access rights, sustainable forest management, legal and institutional frameworks for forest conservation, and sustainable use of forest resources. Currently, the total forest area is 4.06 billion hectares, which accounts for about one-third of the world\u0027s land, and although the forest area has been declining globally since 1990, the rate of decline is currently slowing down.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020\u0026nbsp;(FRA 2020), a comprehensive\u0026nbsp;report on\u0026nbsp;the status and trends in\u0026nbsp;world’s\u0026nbsp;forests, land tenure and access rights, sustainable forest management, legal and institutional frameworks for forest conservation, and sustainable use\u0026nbsp;of forest resources.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;FRA\u0026nbsp;examines the\u0026nbsp;status and trends of forest resources in 236 countries\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;regions over the period from 1990 to 2020.\u0026nbsp;A summary of FRA 2020 is also available\u0026nbsp;in digital versionat\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the report, the forest area is now 4.06 billion hectares, accounting for about one-third (31%) of the world\u0027s land.\u0026nbsp;Although forests are not geographically distributed equally,\u0026nbsp;this area\u0026nbsp;is equivalent to\u0026nbsp;an average of\u0026nbsp;0.52 ha\u0026nbsp;per person. Tropical forests account for the largest proportion (45%), followed by boreal forests, temperate forests, and subtropical forests. More than half (54%) of the world\u0027s forests are concentrated in five countries, namely,\u0026nbsp;the Russian Federation, Brazil, Canada,\u0026nbsp;USA\u0026nbsp;and China.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also provides an update on the global rate of forest loss.\u0026nbsp;Although the forest area is decreasing globally, the rate of\u0026nbsp;forest loss\u0026nbsp;is slowing\u0026nbsp;down. Since 1990, the world has lost 178\u0026nbsp;million hectares of forest area, comparable to the land size\u0026nbsp;of Libya. Between 1990 and 2020, net depreciation rates have moderated overall due to deforestation trends in some countries,\u0026nbsp;afforestation and expansion\u0026nbsp;of natural forests\u0026nbsp;in others. Africa had the highest annual deforestation rates between 2010-2020, followed by South America.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s forest area consists of 93% (3.75 billion ha)\u0026nbsp;naturally regenerating forests\u0026nbsp;and 7% (290 million ha) of\u0026nbsp;planted areas.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;plantation forests cover about 131 million ha, which is 3 percent of the global forest area and 45 percent of the total area of planted forests.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs to\u0026nbsp;disturbances affecting the forests, the report indicates that fire is a prevalent disturbance in the tropics. In 2015,\u0026nbsp;about\u0026nbsp;98 million ha of forest, corresponding to\u0026nbsp;4% of the total forest area at that time,\u0026nbsp;were affected\u0026nbsp;by forest fires.\u0026nbsp;More than\u0026nbsp;two-thirds of the affected forests were in Africa and South America.\u0026nbsp;Also in 2015,\u0026nbsp;insect\u0026nbsp;pests and\u0026nbsp;severe\u0026nbsp;weather\u0026nbsp;events damaged\u0026nbsp;40 million ha\u0026nbsp;of forests, mainly in\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;temperate and\u0026nbsp;boreal\u0026nbsp;domains.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u0022\u003EA Fresh Perspective Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/CA8753EN/CA8753EN.pdf\u0022\u003EGlobal Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Key Findings\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020\u0026nbsp;(FRA 2020), a comprehensive\u0026nbsp;report on\u0026nbsp;the status and trends in\u0026nbsp;world’s\u0026nbsp;forests, land tenure and access rights, sustainable forest management, legal and institutional frameworks for forest conservation, and sustainable use\u0026nbsp;of forest resources.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;FRA\u0026nbsp;examines the\u0026nbsp;status and trends of forest resources in 236 countries\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;regions over the period from 1990 to 2020.\u0026nbsp;A summary of FRA 2020 is also available\u0026nbsp;in digital versionat\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the report, the forest area is now 4.06 billion hectares, accounting for about one-third (31%) of the world\u0027s land.\u0026nbsp;Although forests are not geographically distributed equally,\u0026nbsp;this area\u0026nbsp;is equivalent to\u0026nbsp;an average of\u0026nbsp;0.52 ha\u0026nbsp;per person. Tropical forests account for the largest proportion (45%), followed by boreal forests, temperate forests, and subtropical forests. More than half (54%) of the world\u0027s forests are concentrated in five countries, namely,\u0026nbsp;the Russian Federation, Brazil, Canada,\u0026nbsp;USA\u0026nbsp;and China.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also provides an update on the global rate of forest loss.\u0026nbsp;Although the forest area is decreasing globally, the rate of\u0026nbsp;forest loss\u0026nbsp;is slowing\u0026nbsp;down. Since 1990, the world has lost 178\u0026nbsp;million hectares of forest area, comparable to the land size\u0026nbsp;of Libya. Between 1990 and 2020, net depreciation rates have moderated overall due to deforestation trends in some countries,\u0026nbsp;afforestation and expansion\u0026nbsp;of natural forests\u0026nbsp;in others. Africa had the highest annual deforestation rates between 2010-2020, followed by South America.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s forest area consists of 93% (3.75 billion ha)\u0026nbsp;naturally regenerating forests\u0026nbsp;and 7% (290 million ha) of\u0026nbsp;planted areas.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;plantation forests cover about 131 million ha, which is 3 percent of the global forest area and 45 percent of the total area of planted forests.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs to\u0026nbsp;disturbances affecting the forests, the report indicates that fire is a prevalent disturbance in the tropics. In 2015,\u0026nbsp;about\u0026nbsp;98 million ha of forest, corresponding to\u0026nbsp;4% of the total forest area at that time,\u0026nbsp;were affected\u0026nbsp;by forest fires.\u0026nbsp;More than\u0026nbsp;two-thirds of the affected forests were in Africa and South America.\u0026nbsp;Also in 2015,\u0026nbsp;insect\u0026nbsp;pests and\u0026nbsp;severe\u0026nbsp;weather\u0026nbsp;events damaged\u0026nbsp;40 million ha\u0026nbsp;of forests, mainly in\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;temperate and\u0026nbsp;boreal\u0026nbsp;domains.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u0022\u003EA Fresh Perspective Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/CA8753EN/CA8753EN.pdf\u0022\u003EGlobal Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Key Findings\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200509#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "32. 食糧農業機関 (FAO) ー グローバル森林資源アセスメント2020年版", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "32. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) - Global Forest Resource Assessment 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、2020年版グローバル森林資源アセスメントを公表しました。グローバル森林資源評価（FRA）は、世界の森林面積の傾向や、土地保有権やアクセス権、持続可能な森林管理、森林保全のための法的および制度的枠組み、持続可能な利用状況について報告しています。現在、森林面積は40.6憶ヘクタール、世界の陸地のおよそ三分の一を占め、1990年以来、世界的に森林面積は減少傾向にありますが、減少率は鈍化しつつあります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published an interactive report that contains the main findings of the Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA). The FRA provides a comprehensive report on the status and trends in world’s forests, land tenure and access rights, sustainable forest management, legal and institutional frameworks for forest conservation, and sustainable use of forest resources. Currently, the total forest area is 4.06 billion hectares, which accounts for about one-third of the world\u0027s land, and although the forest area has been declining globally since 1990, the rate of decline is currently slowing down.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、2020年版グローバル森林資源アセスメント(Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020) を公表しました。グローバル森林資源評価（FRA）は、世界の森林面積の傾向や、土地保有権やアクセス権、持続可能な森林管理、森林保全のための法的および制度的枠組み、持続可能な利用状況について報告しています。FRA2020では、1990年～2020年の期間にわたり、236か国・地域における森林資源の包括的な状況・トレンドを整理しており、その概要はデジタル版でも読むことができます(\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u003C/a\u003E)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書によると、現在、森林面積は40.6憶ヘクタール、世界の陸地のおよそ三分の一(31%)を占めます。森林の存在は地理的に偏在していますが、世界人口一人当たりに換算すると平均0.52haに相当します。熱帯林が最大の割合を占め(45%)、亜寒帯林、温帯林、亜熱帯林の順で続きます。世界森林の半分以上(54%)が、ロシア連邦・ブラジル・カナダ・アメリカ・中国の五か国に集中しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界的に森林面積は減少傾向にありますが、減少率は鈍化しつつあります。1990年以来、世界は1.78憶ヘクタール、リビアの国土に匹敵する森林面積を失いました。1990－2020年の間に、幾つかの国で森林破壊が減少傾向にあること、また別の国では造林や森林拡大により、全体的に純減率は緩やかになっています。2010-2020年の間に年間森林面積減少率がもっとも高かったのはアフリカで、その次に南米が続きます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の森林面積の93％(37.5憶ヘクタール)は天然更新(naturally regenerating forests)、のこりの7%(2.9憶ヘクタール)は人工林から構成されています。世界森林面積の3%、人工林面積の45％相当(1.31憶ヘクタール)がプランテーション林となっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E森林は様々な攪乱要因に直面していますが、2015年には当時の総森林面積の4％相当にあたる9800万ヘクタールが山火事による影響を受けました。影響を受けた森林の3分の2以上がアフリカと南米でした。また、2015年には、主に温帯・亜寒帯地域において、病害虫や異常気象が4000万ヘクタールの森林に影響を与えました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO A fresh perspective Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Key findings \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/CA8753EN/CA8753EN.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/CA8753EN/CA8753EN.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020\u0026nbsp;(FRA 2020), a comprehensive\u0026nbsp;report on\u0026nbsp;the status and trends in\u0026nbsp;world’s\u0026nbsp;forests, land tenure and access rights, sustainable forest management, legal and institutional frameworks for forest conservation, and sustainable use\u0026nbsp;of forest resources.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;FRA\u0026nbsp;examines the\u0026nbsp;status and trends of forest resources in 236 countries\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;regions over the period from 1990 to 2020.\u0026nbsp;A summary of FRA 2020 is also available\u0026nbsp;in digital versionat\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the report, the forest area is now 4.06 billion hectares, accounting for about one-third (31%) of the world\u0027s land.\u0026nbsp;Although forests are not geographically distributed equally,\u0026nbsp;this area\u0026nbsp;is equivalent to\u0026nbsp;an average of\u0026nbsp;0.52 ha\u0026nbsp;per person. Tropical forests account for the largest proportion (45%), followed by boreal forests, temperate forests, and subtropical forests. More than half (54%) of the world\u0027s forests are concentrated in five countries, namely,\u0026nbsp;the Russian Federation, Brazil, Canada,\u0026nbsp;USA\u0026nbsp;and China.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also provides an update on the global rate of forest loss.\u0026nbsp;Although the forest area is decreasing globally, the rate of\u0026nbsp;forest loss\u0026nbsp;is slowing\u0026nbsp;down. Since 1990, the world has lost 178\u0026nbsp;million hectares of forest area, comparable to the land size\u0026nbsp;of Libya. Between 1990 and 2020, net depreciation rates have moderated overall due to deforestation trends in some countries,\u0026nbsp;afforestation and expansion\u0026nbsp;of natural forests\u0026nbsp;in others. Africa had the highest annual deforestation rates between 2010-2020, followed by South America.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s forest area consists of 93% (3.75 billion ha)\u0026nbsp;naturally regenerating forests\u0026nbsp;and 7% (290 million ha) of\u0026nbsp;planted areas.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;plantation forests cover about 131 million ha, which is 3 percent of the global forest area and 45 percent of the total area of planted forests.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs to\u0026nbsp;disturbances affecting the forests, the report indicates that fire is a prevalent disturbance in the tropics. In 2015,\u0026nbsp;about\u0026nbsp;98 million ha of forest, corresponding to\u0026nbsp;4% of the total forest area at that time,\u0026nbsp;were affected\u0026nbsp;by forest fires.\u0026nbsp;More than\u0026nbsp;two-thirds of the affected forests were in Africa and South America.\u0026nbsp;Also in 2015,\u0026nbsp;insect\u0026nbsp;pests and\u0026nbsp;severe\u0026nbsp;weather\u0026nbsp;events damaged\u0026nbsp;40 million ha\u0026nbsp;of forests, mainly in\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;temperate and\u0026nbsp;boreal\u0026nbsp;domains.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/forest-resources-assessment/2020/en/\u0022\u003EA Fresh Perspective Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/CA8753EN/CA8753EN.pdf\u0022\u003EGlobal Forest Resources Assessment 2020 Key Findings\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200509_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200608_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "33. Impact of COVID-19 Fiscal Recovery Packages on Climate Change ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "33. Impact of COVID-19 Fiscal Recovery Packages on Climate Change ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "As the need for large-scale economic measures against the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is being discussed, the calls for \u0022green recoveries\u0022 are also gathering momentum. Top U.S. and British economists, including a Nobel laureate and a prominent climate expert, examined economic stimulus policies and surveyed 231 experts from 53 countries. As a result, five policies with high potential on both economic multiplier and climate impact metrics were identified, namely, clean physical infrastructure, building efficiency retrofits, investment in education and training, natural capital investment, and clean R\u0026D. In low- and middle-income countries, it was suggested that rural support spending associated with sustainable agriculture, ecosystem regeneration, or accelerating clean energy installations was more important than the policy on clean R\u0026D. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "As the need for large-scale economic measures against the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is being discussed, the calls for \u0022green recoveries\u0022 are also gathering momentum. Top U.S. and British economists, including a Nobel laureate and a prominent climate expert, examined economic stimulus policies and surveyed 231 experts from 53 countries. As a result, five policies with high potential on both economic multiplier and climate impact metrics were identified, namely, clean physical infrastructure, building efficiency retrofits, investment in education and training, natural capital investment, and clean R\u0026D. In low- and middle-income countries, it was suggested that rural support spending associated with sustainable agriculture, ecosystem regeneration, or accelerating clean energy installations was more important than the policy on clean R\u0026D. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs the\u0026nbsp;urgent need\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;large-scale economic measures against the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is being discussed, the\u0026nbsp;calls for\u0026nbsp;\u0022green recoveries\u0022\u0026nbsp;as an effective way for\u0026nbsp;environmental protection\u0026nbsp;are also gathering momentum\u0026nbsp;(World Economic Forum;Pick Up 20).\u0026nbsp;Major\u0026nbsp;economies\u0026nbsp;formulate\u0026nbsp;enormous\u0026nbsp;economic packages to\u0026nbsp;cushion\u0026nbsp;the coronavirus pandemic shock,\u0026nbsp;and several stakeholders including investors, politicians and the business sectors\u0026nbsp;see\u0026nbsp;this move as a\u0026nbsp;unique opportunity\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;drive a\u0026nbsp;shift towards a low-carbon future.\u0026nbsp;Top\u0026nbsp;U.S.\u0026nbsp;and British economists, including Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz and\u0026nbsp;prominent\u0026nbsp;climatologist\u0026nbsp;Lord\u0026nbsp;Nicholas Stern\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;a working paper,\u0026nbsp;“Will\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;fiscal\u0026nbsp;recovery\u0026nbsp;packages\u0026nbsp;accelerate or\u0026nbsp;retard progress on\u0026nbsp;climate\u0026nbsp;change?”.\u0026nbsp;The key insights are summarized here.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe global economic crisis caused by the novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) has resulted in a record drop in\u0026nbsp;globalgreenhouse gas emissions. But once the movement restrictions are lifted, emissions could increase again. On the other hand, the COVID-19 crisis was also clearly urgent, showing that with the support of the public, the government can engage in policy\u0026nbsp;decisively . The climate\u0026nbsp;emergency is very much similar to the\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;emergency, although progressing in slow pace and\u0026nbsp;with more seriousimpact. Both are characterized by market failures, externalities, international cooperation, complex science, questions of system resilience, political leadership, and action that hinges on public support. The COVID-19 crisis can be a turning point in the evolution of climate change. The\u0026nbsp;paper examined\u0026nbsp;economic stimulus\u0026nbsp;policies\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;are expected to deliver\u0026nbsp;large economic multipliers\u0026nbsp;and that will lead to a zero greenhouse gas emission as quickly as possible.\u0026nbsp;Future policy choices can dictate the direction\u0026nbsp;whether the revival package\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;set\u0026nbsp;the global economy on a\u0026nbsp;pathway towards\u0026nbsp;net-zero emissions, or will continue to keep\u0026nbsp;the world\u0026nbsp;tied to fossil fuel system.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis paper has adopted the following methods. First,\u0026nbsp;the authors examined\u0026nbsp;more than 700 economic stimulus\u0026nbsp;policies\u0026nbsp;launched\u0026nbsp;since the 2008\u0026nbsp;financial crisis\u0026nbsp;and develop a set of 25 policy archetypes. On top of that,\u0026nbsp;a global survey of over\u0026nbsp;231 experts,\u0026nbsp;including senior officials from finance ministries and central banks\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;53 countries\u0026nbsp;was conducted to assess the impact of the policies.\u0026nbsp;As a result of expert evaluations and literature surveys, the following five policies were evaluated to be particularly effective in terms of economic multiplier effect and climate change impact.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EClean physical infrastructure investment in the form of renewable energy assets, storage (including hydrogen), grid modernisation and CCS technology;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EBuilding efficiency spending for renovations and retrofits including improved insulation, heating, and domestic energy storage systems;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EInvestment in education and training to address immediate unemployment from COVID-19 and structural shifts from decarbonisation;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ENatural capital investment for ecosystem resilience and regeneration including restoration of carbon-rich habitats and climate-friendly agriculture; and\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EClean R\u0026amp;D spending.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn\u0026nbsp;low- and middle-income countries, it was suggested that\u0026nbsp;rural\u0026nbsp;support spending\u0026nbsp;associated with sustainable agriculture, ecosystem regeneration, or accelerating clean energy installations\u0026nbsp;was more important than the policy on clean R\u0026amp;D.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHepburn\u0026nbsp;C, O’Callaghan\u0026nbsp;B, Stern\u0026nbsp;N, Stiglitz\u0026nbsp;J, Zenghelis\u0026nbsp;D\u0026nbsp;(2020)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.smithschool.ox.ac.uk/publications/wpapers/workingpaper20-02.pdf\u0022\u003EWill COVID-19 fiscal recovery packages accelerate or retard progress on climate change?\u003C/a\u003E, Smith School Working Paper 20-02.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/green-recovery-can-revive-virus-hit-economies-and-tackle-climate-change-study-says/\u0022\u003ECould COVID-19 mark a ‘turning point’ in the climate crisis?\u0026nbsp; May 7 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 20. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Global Economic Crisis and Climate Change Countermeasures\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs the\u0026nbsp;urgent need\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;large-scale economic measures against the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is being discussed, the\u0026nbsp;calls for\u0026nbsp;\u0022green recoveries\u0022\u0026nbsp;as an effective way for\u0026nbsp;environmental protection\u0026nbsp;are also gathering momentum\u0026nbsp;(World Economic Forum;Pick Up 20).\u0026nbsp;Major\u0026nbsp;economies\u0026nbsp;formulate\u0026nbsp;enormous\u0026nbsp;economic packages to\u0026nbsp;cushion\u0026nbsp;the coronavirus pandemic shock,\u0026nbsp;and several stakeholders including investors, politicians and the business sectors\u0026nbsp;see\u0026nbsp;this move as a\u0026nbsp;unique opportunity\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;drive a\u0026nbsp;shift towards a low-carbon future.\u0026nbsp;Top\u0026nbsp;U.S.\u0026nbsp;and British economists, including Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz and\u0026nbsp;prominent\u0026nbsp;climatologist\u0026nbsp;Lord\u0026nbsp;Nicholas Stern\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;a working paper,\u0026nbsp;“Will\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;fiscal\u0026nbsp;recovery\u0026nbsp;packages\u0026nbsp;accelerate or\u0026nbsp;retard progress on\u0026nbsp;climate\u0026nbsp;change?”.\u0026nbsp;The key insights are summarized here.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe global economic crisis caused by the novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) has resulted in a record drop in\u0026nbsp;globalgreenhouse gas emissions. But once the movement restrictions are lifted, emissions could increase again. On the other hand, the COVID-19 crisis was also clearly urgent, showing that with the support of the public, the government can engage in policy\u0026nbsp;decisively . The climate\u0026nbsp;emergency is very much similar to the\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;emergency, although progressing in slow pace and\u0026nbsp;with more seriousimpact. Both are characterized by market failures, externalities, international cooperation, complex science, questions of system resilience, political leadership, and action that hinges on public support. The COVID-19 crisis can be a turning point in the evolution of climate change. The\u0026nbsp;paper examined\u0026nbsp;economic stimulus\u0026nbsp;policies\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;are expected to deliver\u0026nbsp;large economic multipliers\u0026nbsp;and that will lead to a zero greenhouse gas emission as quickly as possible.\u0026nbsp;Future policy choices can dictate the direction\u0026nbsp;whether the revival package\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;set\u0026nbsp;the global economy on a\u0026nbsp;pathway towards\u0026nbsp;net-zero emissions, or will continue to keep\u0026nbsp;the world\u0026nbsp;tied to fossil fuel system.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis paper has adopted the following methods. First,\u0026nbsp;the authors examined\u0026nbsp;more than 700 economic stimulus\u0026nbsp;policies\u0026nbsp;launched\u0026nbsp;since the 2008\u0026nbsp;financial crisis\u0026nbsp;and develop a set of 25 policy archetypes. On top of that,\u0026nbsp;a global survey of over\u0026nbsp;231 experts,\u0026nbsp;including senior officials from finance ministries and central banks\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;53 countries\u0026nbsp;was conducted to assess the impact of the policies.\u0026nbsp;As a result of expert evaluations and literature surveys, the following five policies were evaluated to be particularly effective in terms of economic multiplier effect and climate change impact.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EClean physical infrastructure investment in the form of renewable energy assets, storage (including hydrogen), grid modernisation and CCS technology;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EBuilding efficiency spending for renovations and retrofits including improved insulation, heating, and domestic energy storage systems;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EInvestment in education and training to address immediate unemployment from COVID-19 and structural shifts from decarbonisation;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ENatural capital investment for ecosystem resilience and regeneration including restoration of carbon-rich habitats and climate-friendly agriculture; and\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EClean R\u0026amp;D spending.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn\u0026nbsp;low- and middle-income countries, it was suggested that\u0026nbsp;rural\u0026nbsp;support spending\u0026nbsp;associated with sustainable agriculture, ecosystem regeneration, or accelerating clean energy installations\u0026nbsp;was more important than the policy on clean R\u0026amp;D.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHepburn\u0026nbsp;C, O’Callaghan\u0026nbsp;B, Stern\u0026nbsp;N, Stiglitz\u0026nbsp;J, Zenghelis\u0026nbsp;D\u0026nbsp;(2020)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.smithschool.ox.ac.uk/publications/wpapers/workingpaper20-02.pdf\u0022\u003EWill COVID-19 fiscal recovery packages accelerate or retard progress on climate change?\u003C/a\u003E, Smith School Working Paper 20-02.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/green-recovery-can-revive-virus-hit-economies-and-tackle-climate-change-study-says/\u0022\u003ECould COVID-19 mark a ‘turning point’ in the climate crisis?\u0026nbsp; May 7 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 20. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Global Economic Crisis and Climate Change Countermeasures\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200510#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "33. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― COVID-19財政復興パッケージは気候変動対策を加速あるいは減速させるか？", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "33. Impact of COVID-19 Fiscal Recovery Packages on Climate Change ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)に伴う世界経済危機に対する大型景気対策の必要性が議論される中、「環境保護路線の回復」に対する機運が高まっています 。ノーベル賞受賞者ジョセフ・スティグリッツら米英の著名な経済学者らは53か国231人の専門家に政策評価を依頼しました。その結果、経済乗数効果と気候変動インパクトの面から、環境に優しいインフラ投資・建築物のエネルギー効率改善・教育と訓練への投資・気候変動対応型農業など自然資本投資・環境に優しい技術のR\u0026D投資、の5つが評価されました。低・中所得国に関しては、環境に優しい技術のR\u0026Dに代わり、持続的農業・エコシステム再生・クリーンエネルギーシステムなどを支援する農村スキームが支持されました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "As the need for large-scale economic measures against the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is being discussed, the calls for \u0022green recoveries\u0022 are also gathering momentum. Top U.S. and British economists, including a Nobel laureate and a prominent climate expert, examined economic stimulus policies and surveyed 231 experts from 53 countries. As a result, five policies with high potential on both economic multiplier and climate impact metrics were identified, namely, clean physical infrastructure, building efficiency retrofits, investment in education and training, natural capital investment, and clean R\u0026D. In low- and middle-income countries, it was suggested that rural support spending associated with sustainable agriculture, ecosystem regeneration, or accelerating clean energy installations was more important than the policy on clean R\u0026D. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)に伴う世界経済危機に対する大型景気対策の必要性が議論される中、「環境保護路線の回復”green recoveries”」に対する機運が高まっています (World Economic Forum. Pick Up 20) 。先進国がコロナウイルス・パンデミックのショックを和らげるための大型経済対策パッケージを策定する中、投資家・政治家・ビジネス部門は、低炭素の未来へ向けたシフトを後押しするユニークな機会に直面しています。ノーベル賞受賞者ジョセフ・スティグリッツや著名な気候学者であるNicholas Sternを含む米英の著名な経済学者らは、ワーキングペーパー「COVID-19財政復興パッケージは気候変動対策を加速あるいは減速させるか？“Will COVID-19 fiscal recovery packages accelerate or retard progress on climate change?’」を公表しました。以下、概要をまとめます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による世界経済危機は、温室効果ガス排出の記録的な下落をもたらしました。しかし一度移動規制が解かれれば、再び排出は増加しかねません。一方、COVID-19危機は、明らかに緊急性があり、市民の支持が得られれば、政府が強い意志を持って政策介入できることも示しました。気候危機もCOVID-19と同様の緊急性を有し、多少ペースがスローモーションなだけで影響は深刻です。COVID-19・気候危機双方とも、市場の失敗・外部性・国際協調・複雑な科学・システム強靭性の問題・政治リーダーシップ・市民支持に支えられた活動の必要性、によって特徴づけられます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19危機は、気候変動の進展の転換点となりえます。本ペーパーは、大きな経済乗数効果を持ち、なるべく迅速に、温室効果ガス排出を純ゼロに導くような経済刺激対策を検討します。復興パッケージは、グローバル経済を純ゼロ排出軌道に乗せる一石二鳥を目指すのか、さもなくば、化石燃料システムに我々を縛り続けるものとなるのか、今後の政策的選択が方向性を決定づけかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本ペーパーでは、以下の手法を採択しました。まず2008年の金融危機以来2020年までに実施された700以上の経済刺激策を25の政策体系に分類しました。その上で、G20諸国を含む計53か国の財務省や中央銀行幹部ら231人の専門家に、25の政策について、実施スピード・経済乗数効果・気候インパクトの3点に加え、全体的な望ましさの点から、主観的な評価を依頼しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E専門家による評価や文献調査等を交えた結果、経済乗数効果と気候変動インパクトの面から、次の5つの政策がとくに効果的であると評価されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E再生エネルギー(水素含む)・電線網の近代化・更新や二酸化炭素貯留(CCS)技術など、環境に優しいインフラへの投資(clean physical infrastructure)；\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E断熱や暖房向上を含む、既存の建築物のエネルギー効率改善(building efficiency retrofits)；\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ECOVID-19に伴う失業対策や脱炭素化社会シフトに向けた教育と訓練への投資 (investment in education and training) ；\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E生態系保全や気候変動対応型農業(climate-friendly agriculture)など、エコシステム強靭化・再生のための自然資本への投資 (natural capital investment)；\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E環境に優しい技術のR\u0026amp;D(clean R\u0026amp;D)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E低・中所得国に関しては、5番目の環境に優しい技術のR\u0026amp;Dにかわり、持続的農業・エコシステム再生・クリーンエネルギーシステム設置加速などを支援する農村スキームが、とりわけ効果的であると考えられます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHepburn, C., O’Callaghan, B., Stern, N., Stiglitz, J., and Zenghelis, D. (2020), ‘Will COVID-19 fiscal recovery packages accelerate or retard progress on climate change?’, Smith School Working Paper 20-02.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.smithschool.ox.ac.uk/publications/wpapers/workingpaper20-02.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. Could COVID-19 mark a ‘turning point’ in the climate crisis?\u0026nbsp; May 7 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/green-recovery-can-revive-virus-hit-economies-and-tackle-climate-change-study-says/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/green-recovery-can-revive-virus-hit-economies-and-tackle-climate-change-study-says/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 20. 型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　世界経済危機と気候変動対策 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs the\u0026nbsp;urgent need\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;large-scale economic measures against the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is being discussed, the\u0026nbsp;calls for\u0026nbsp;\u0022green recoveries\u0022\u0026nbsp;as an effective way for\u0026nbsp;environmental protection\u0026nbsp;are also gathering momentum\u0026nbsp;(World Economic Forum;Pick Up 20).\u0026nbsp;Major\u0026nbsp;economies\u0026nbsp;formulate\u0026nbsp;enormous\u0026nbsp;economic packages to\u0026nbsp;cushion\u0026nbsp;the coronavirus pandemic shock,\u0026nbsp;and several stakeholders including investors, politicians and the business sectors\u0026nbsp;see\u0026nbsp;this move as a\u0026nbsp;unique opportunity\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;drive a\u0026nbsp;shift towards a low-carbon future.\u0026nbsp;Top\u0026nbsp;U.S.\u0026nbsp;and British economists, including Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz and\u0026nbsp;prominent\u0026nbsp;climatologist\u0026nbsp;Lord\u0026nbsp;Nicholas Stern\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;a working paper,\u0026nbsp;“Will\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;fiscal\u0026nbsp;recovery\u0026nbsp;packages\u0026nbsp;accelerate or\u0026nbsp;retard progress on\u0026nbsp;climate\u0026nbsp;change?”.\u0026nbsp;The key insights are summarized here.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe global economic crisis caused by the novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) has resulted in a record drop in\u0026nbsp;globalgreenhouse gas emissions. But once the movement restrictions are lifted, emissions could increase again. On the other hand, the COVID-19 crisis was also clearly urgent, showing that with the support of the public, the government can engage in policy\u0026nbsp;decisively . The climate\u0026nbsp;emergency is very much similar to the\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;emergency, although progressing in slow pace and\u0026nbsp;with more seriousimpact. Both are characterized by market failures, externalities, international cooperation, complex science, questions of system resilience, political leadership, and action that hinges on public support. The COVID-19 crisis can be a turning point in the evolution of climate change. The\u0026nbsp;paper examined\u0026nbsp;economic stimulus\u0026nbsp;policies\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;are expected to deliver\u0026nbsp;large economic multipliers\u0026nbsp;and that will lead to a zero greenhouse gas emission as quickly as possible.\u0026nbsp;Future policy choices can dictate the direction\u0026nbsp;whether the revival package\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;set\u0026nbsp;the global economy on a\u0026nbsp;pathway towards\u0026nbsp;net-zero emissions, or will continue to keep\u0026nbsp;the world\u0026nbsp;tied to fossil fuel system.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis paper has adopted the following methods. First,\u0026nbsp;the authors examined\u0026nbsp;more than 700 economic stimulus\u0026nbsp;policies\u0026nbsp;launched\u0026nbsp;since the 2008\u0026nbsp;financial crisis\u0026nbsp;and develop a set of 25 policy archetypes. On top of that,\u0026nbsp;a global survey of over\u0026nbsp;231 experts,\u0026nbsp;including senior officials from finance ministries and central banks\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;53 countries\u0026nbsp;was conducted to assess the impact of the policies.\u0026nbsp;As a result of expert evaluations and literature surveys, the following five policies were evaluated to be particularly effective in terms of economic multiplier effect and climate change impact.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EClean physical infrastructure investment in the form of renewable energy assets, storage (including hydrogen), grid modernisation and CCS technology;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EBuilding efficiency spending for renovations and retrofits including improved insulation, heating, and domestic energy storage systems;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EInvestment in education and training to address immediate unemployment from COVID-19 and structural shifts from decarbonisation;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003ENatural capital investment for ecosystem resilience and regeneration including restoration of carbon-rich habitats and climate-friendly agriculture; and\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EClean R\u0026amp;D spending.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn\u0026nbsp;low- and middle-income countries, it was suggested that\u0026nbsp;rural\u0026nbsp;support spending\u0026nbsp;associated with sustainable agriculture, ecosystem regeneration, or accelerating clean energy installations\u0026nbsp;was more important than the policy on clean R\u0026amp;D.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHepburn\u0026nbsp;C, O’Callaghan\u0026nbsp;B, Stern\u0026nbsp;N, Stiglitz\u0026nbsp;J, Zenghelis\u0026nbsp;D\u0026nbsp;(2020)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.smithschool.ox.ac.uk/publications/wpapers/workingpaper20-02.pdf\u0022\u003EWill COVID-19 fiscal recovery packages accelerate or retard progress on climate change?\u003C/a\u003E, Smith School Working Paper 20-02.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/green-recovery-can-revive-virus-hit-economies-and-tackle-climate-change-study-says/\u0022\u003ECould COVID-19 mark a ‘turning point’ in the climate crisis?\u0026nbsp; May 7 2020\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 20. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200421\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Global Economic Crisis and Climate Change Countermeasures\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200510_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200528_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-11", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "34. HarvestPlus: Biofortification – Expectations for eradication of \u0022hidden hunger\u0022 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "34. HarvestPlus: Biofortification – Expectations for eradication of \u0022hidden hunger\u0022 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The world is facing three nutritional challenges, namely, hunger and undernourishment, obesity and overnutrition, and micronutrient deficiency. More than 2 billion people or 26% of the world\u0027s population are suffering from micronutrient deficiency, also called \u0022hidden hunger\u0022 as it significantly affects the efficiency of intake and metabolism of important nutrients and immunity response. As of May 2020, while the international community is focused on containment of COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of nutrition is highlighted from the perspective of strengthening the resilience to infectious diseases. HarvestPlus focuses on improving the nutritional value of staple foods through the breeding, development and dissemination of biofortified crops rich in micronutrients such as zinc, iron and vitamin A for the vulnerable people in developing countries.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The world is facing three nutritional challenges, namely, hunger and undernourishment, obesity and overnutrition, and micronutrient deficiency. More than 2 billion people or 26% of the world\u0027s population are suffering from micronutrient deficiency, also called \u0022hidden hunger\u0022 as it significantly affects the efficiency of intake and metabolism of important nutrients and immunity response. As of May 2020, while the international community is focused on containment of COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of nutrition is highlighted from the perspective of strengthening the resilience to infectious diseases. HarvestPlus focuses on improving the nutritional value of staple foods through the breeding, development and dissemination of biofortified crops rich in micronutrients such as zinc, iron and vitamin A for the vulnerable people in developing countries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;facing\u0026nbsp;three nutritional challenges (Pick Up 3; Our World in Data).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EHunger and undernourishment\u0026nbsp;refers to\u0026nbsp;dietary energy\u0026nbsp;intake\u0026nbsp;below the minimum\u0026nbsp;amount of energy required to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)\u0026nbsp;State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019,\u0026nbsp;the number of undernourished people in the world has risen since 2015\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;821\u0026nbsp;million\u0026nbsp;in 2018, equivalent to one in\u0026nbsp;every\u0026nbsp;nine people.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EObesity or overnourishment\u0026nbsp;refers to\u0026nbsp;dietary energy\u0026nbsp;intake\u0026nbsp;which exceeds the requirement\u0026nbsp;to maintain a healthy\u0026nbsp;bodyweight. According to the World Health Organization\u0026nbsp;(WHO), the\u0026nbsp;worldwide obesity rate has\u0026nbsp;nearly\u0026nbsp;tripled between 1975 and 2016,\u0026nbsp;corresponding to\u0026nbsp;13% of the world\u0027s adult population.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EMicronutrient deficiency refers to\u0026nbsp;inadequate intake of essential vitamins and minerals required in small amounts for normal growth and development of the body.\u0026nbsp;According to WHO, almost\u0026nbsp;2 billion people have iron deficiency anemia. Micronutrient deficiency, also known as\u0026nbsp;“hidden\u0026nbsp;hunger”,\u0026nbsp;can have a significant effect on\u0026nbsp;nutrient\u0026nbsp;intake\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;metabolism\u0026nbsp;and immunity, even if\u0026nbsp;there is sufficient\u0026nbsp;calorie\u0026nbsp;level. For example, it is known that iron deficiency causes anemia, iodine deficiency leads to goiter\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;impaired cognitive\u0026nbsp;development, and vitamin A deficiency leads to night blindness, and\u0026nbsp;more commonly, to immunodeficiency.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the FAO 2019 report, the number of people who are facing some sort of food security crisis\u0026nbsp;(a\u0026nbsp;combination of moderate and severe levels of food insecurity)\u0026nbsp;is 2 billion, which is equivalent to 26% of the world population. As of May 2020, the international community is working to contain the COVID-19. This\u0026nbsp;pandemic\u0026nbsp;highlights the importance of food security and nutrition in the country which\u0026nbsp;helps people\u0026nbsp;everywhere to\u0026nbsp;strengthen their resilience against viruses and other infectious diseases and\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;maintain\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;healthy lifestyle.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe problem of micronutrient in developing countries\u0026nbsp;is being addressed by providing\u0026nbsp;nutritional supplements and fortified processed foods. However, it is not\u0026nbsp;cost-sustainable and\u0026nbsp;there\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;concerns\u0026nbsp;that the poorest\u0026nbsp;and rural households with the most micronutrient deficiency problems, could rarely have access to commercially fortified foods.\u0026nbsp;As such,\u0026nbsp;biofortification\u0026nbsp;which aims to breed\u0026nbsp;crops with enhanced\u0026nbsp;nutritional value, is seen as a more effective approach because\u0026nbsp;micronutrient\u0026nbsp;deficiency can be resolved at the agricultural production stage. HarvestPlus,\u0026nbsp;pioneered\u0026nbsp;by economist Dr. Howarth Bouis,\u0026nbsp;is working with the\u0026nbsp;CGIAR\u0026nbsp;research centers\u0026nbsp;on the breeding, development and dissemination of such biologically fortified crops, focusing on iron, vitamin A and zinc,\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;vulnerable people in developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;HarvestPlus Annual Report\u0026nbsp;2019, published in May 2020,\u0026nbsp;highlights the activities and successful cases, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;shows the\u0026nbsp;global efforts to scale up the cultivation\u0026nbsp;and consumption of micronutrient-rich\u0026nbsp;varieties of\u0026nbsp;rice, wheat, maize, beans,\u0026nbsp;pearl\u0026nbsp;millet, cassava, orange sweet potato, and other staple food crops.\u0026nbsp;In 2019, HarvestPlus\u0026nbsp;in collaboration\u0026nbsp;with CGIAR\u0026nbsp;research centers\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;national\u0026nbsp;agricultural\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;systems facilitated the\u0026nbsp;release\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;27\u0026nbsp;new varieties of\u0026nbsp;biofortified\u0026nbsp;crops\u0026nbsp;in 11 countries. To date,\u0026nbsp;242 varieties\u0026nbsp;have been released\u0026nbsp;in 30 countries. These crops are expected to benefit more than 42 million farmers in Africa, Asia, South America and the Caribbean.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs an example, biofortified vitamin A maize can provide 50% of the daily requirement and\u0026nbsp;high-\u0026nbsp;iron beans can provide 80% of the requirement\u0026nbsp;if taken on a daily basis. In Rwanda,\u0026nbsp;it has been reported that\u0026nbsp;anemic\u0026nbsp;women due to iron deficiency,\u0026nbsp;who were fed with high-iron beans twice a day for 18 weeks,\u0026nbsp;showed\u0026nbsp;not only improvement in\u0026nbsp;their\u0026nbsp;iron status but also\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;their\u0026nbsp;ability to perform daily household chores\u0026nbsp;and physical\u0026nbsp;work,\u0026nbsp;showing the impact of\u0026nbsp;biofortification in\u0026nbsp;improving people\u0027s lives.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2019) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition/en/\u0022\u003EThe State of\u0026nbsp;Food Security and Nutrition in the World - Safeguarding Against Economic Slowdowns and Downturns\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/about/our-history\u0022\u003EOur History\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/knowledge-market/in-the-news/getting-biofortified-food-everyone%E2%80%99s-plate-2019-harvestplus-annual\u0022\u003EGetting Biofortified Food on Everyone’s Plate: 2019 HarvestPlus Annual Report\u003C/a\u003E May 6, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://spark.adobe.com/page/Cw6rcp3IpsyJJ/\u0022\u003EGetting Biofortified Food On Everyone’s Plate: 2019 At a Glance\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOur World in Data. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://ourworldindata.org/micronutrient-deficiency\u0022\u003EMicronutrient Deficiency by Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 10, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/ida/en/\u0022\u003EMicronutrient deficiencies\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight\u0022\u003EObesity and overweight\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 3. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200312\u0022\u003EChanging perspectives in agricultural research on global food and nutrition security\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;facing\u0026nbsp;three nutritional challenges (Pick Up 3; Our World in Data).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EHunger and undernourishment\u0026nbsp;refers to\u0026nbsp;dietary energy\u0026nbsp;intake\u0026nbsp;below the minimum\u0026nbsp;amount of energy required to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)\u0026nbsp;State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019,\u0026nbsp;the number of undernourished people in the world has risen since 2015\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;821\u0026nbsp;million\u0026nbsp;in 2018, equivalent to one in\u0026nbsp;every\u0026nbsp;nine people.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EObesity or overnourishment\u0026nbsp;refers to\u0026nbsp;dietary energy\u0026nbsp;intake\u0026nbsp;which exceeds the requirement\u0026nbsp;to maintain a healthy\u0026nbsp;bodyweight. According to the World Health Organization\u0026nbsp;(WHO), the\u0026nbsp;worldwide obesity rate has\u0026nbsp;nearly\u0026nbsp;tripled between 1975 and 2016,\u0026nbsp;corresponding to\u0026nbsp;13% of the world\u0027s adult population.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EMicronutrient deficiency refers to\u0026nbsp;inadequate intake of essential vitamins and minerals required in small amounts for normal growth and development of the body.\u0026nbsp;According to WHO, almost\u0026nbsp;2 billion people have iron deficiency anemia. Micronutrient deficiency, also known as\u0026nbsp;“hidden\u0026nbsp;hunger”,\u0026nbsp;can have a significant effect on\u0026nbsp;nutrient\u0026nbsp;intake\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;metabolism\u0026nbsp;and immunity, even if\u0026nbsp;there is sufficient\u0026nbsp;calorie\u0026nbsp;level. For example, it is known that iron deficiency causes anemia, iodine deficiency leads to goiter\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;impaired cognitive\u0026nbsp;development, and vitamin A deficiency leads to night blindness, and\u0026nbsp;more commonly, to immunodeficiency.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the FAO 2019 report, the number of people who are facing some sort of food security crisis\u0026nbsp;(a\u0026nbsp;combination of moderate and severe levels of food insecurity)\u0026nbsp;is 2 billion, which is equivalent to 26% of the world population. As of May 2020, the international community is working to contain the COVID-19. This\u0026nbsp;pandemic\u0026nbsp;highlights the importance of food security and nutrition in the country which\u0026nbsp;helps people\u0026nbsp;everywhere to\u0026nbsp;strengthen their resilience against viruses and other infectious diseases and\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;maintain\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;healthy lifestyle.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe problem of micronutrient in developing countries\u0026nbsp;is being addressed by providing\u0026nbsp;nutritional supplements and fortified processed foods. However, it is not\u0026nbsp;cost-sustainable and\u0026nbsp;there\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;concerns\u0026nbsp;that the poorest\u0026nbsp;and rural households with the most micronutrient deficiency problems, could rarely have access to commercially fortified foods.\u0026nbsp;As such,\u0026nbsp;biofortification\u0026nbsp;which aims to breed\u0026nbsp;crops with enhanced\u0026nbsp;nutritional value, is seen as a more effective approach because\u0026nbsp;micronutrient\u0026nbsp;deficiency can be resolved at the agricultural production stage. HarvestPlus,\u0026nbsp;pioneered\u0026nbsp;by economist Dr. Howarth Bouis,\u0026nbsp;is working with the\u0026nbsp;CGIAR\u0026nbsp;research centers\u0026nbsp;on the breeding, development and dissemination of such biologically fortified crops, focusing on iron, vitamin A and zinc,\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;vulnerable people in developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;HarvestPlus Annual Report\u0026nbsp;2019, published in May 2020,\u0026nbsp;highlights the activities and successful cases, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;shows the\u0026nbsp;global efforts to scale up the cultivation\u0026nbsp;and consumption of micronutrient-rich\u0026nbsp;varieties of\u0026nbsp;rice, wheat, maize, beans,\u0026nbsp;pearl\u0026nbsp;millet, cassava, orange sweet potato, and other staple food crops.\u0026nbsp;In 2019, HarvestPlus\u0026nbsp;in collaboration\u0026nbsp;with CGIAR\u0026nbsp;research centers\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;national\u0026nbsp;agricultural\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;systems facilitated the\u0026nbsp;release\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;27\u0026nbsp;new varieties of\u0026nbsp;biofortified\u0026nbsp;crops\u0026nbsp;in 11 countries. To date,\u0026nbsp;242 varieties\u0026nbsp;have been released\u0026nbsp;in 30 countries. These crops are expected to benefit more than 42 million farmers in Africa, Asia, South America and the Caribbean.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs an example, biofortified vitamin A maize can provide 50% of the daily requirement and\u0026nbsp;high-\u0026nbsp;iron beans can provide 80% of the requirement\u0026nbsp;if taken on a daily basis. In Rwanda,\u0026nbsp;it has been reported that\u0026nbsp;anemic\u0026nbsp;women due to iron deficiency,\u0026nbsp;who were fed with high-iron beans twice a day for 18 weeks,\u0026nbsp;showed\u0026nbsp;not only improvement in\u0026nbsp;their\u0026nbsp;iron status but also\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;their\u0026nbsp;ability to perform daily household chores\u0026nbsp;and physical\u0026nbsp;work,\u0026nbsp;showing the impact of\u0026nbsp;biofortification in\u0026nbsp;improving people\u0027s lives.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2019) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition/en/\u0022\u003EThe State of\u0026nbsp;Food Security and Nutrition in the World - Safeguarding Against Economic Slowdowns and Downturns\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/about/our-history\u0022\u003EOur History\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/knowledge-market/in-the-news/getting-biofortified-food-everyone%E2%80%99s-plate-2019-harvestplus-annual\u0022\u003EGetting Biofortified Food on Everyone’s Plate: 2019 HarvestPlus Annual Report\u003C/a\u003E May 6, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://spark.adobe.com/page/Cw6rcp3IpsyJJ/\u0022\u003EGetting Biofortified Food On Everyone’s Plate: 2019 At a Glance\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOur World in Data. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://ourworldindata.org/micronutrient-deficiency\u0022\u003EMicronutrient Deficiency by Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 10, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/ida/en/\u0022\u003EMicronutrient deficiencies\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight\u0022\u003EObesity and overweight\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 3. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200312\u0022\u003EChanging perspectives in agricultural research on global food and nutrition security\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200511#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-11", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "34. HarvestPlus：生物学的栄養強化（Biofortification）―　「隠れた飢餓」撲滅への期待", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "34. HarvestPlus: Biofortification – Expectations for eradication of \u0022hidden hunger\u0022 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界は、飢餓・栄養不足、肥満・栄養過多、微量栄養素欠乏、という三つの栄養課題に直面しているとされています。中でも微量栄養素欠乏は「隠れた飢餓(Hidden Hunger)」とも称され、重要栄養素の摂取効率や代謝や免疫に大きな影響を及ぼします。2020年5月現在、国際社会が新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミック封じ込めに取り組む中、感染症等への強靭性強化の観点からも栄養の重要性が浮き彫りになっています。HarvestPlusは、開発途上国における脆弱な人々を対象に、亜鉛・鉄分・ビタミンAなどの微量栄養素に富んだ作物の生物学的栄養強化(biofortification)の育種・開発と普及に取り組んでいます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The world is facing three nutritional challenges, namely, hunger and undernourishment, obesity and overnutrition, and micronutrient deficiency. More than 2 billion people or 26% of the world\u0027s population are suffering from micronutrient deficiency, also called \u0022hidden hunger\u0022 as it significantly affects the efficiency of intake and metabolism of important nutrients and immunity response. As of May 2020, while the international community is focused on containment of COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of nutrition is highlighted from the perspective of strengthening the resilience to infectious diseases. HarvestPlus focuses on improving the nutritional value of staple foods through the breeding, development and dissemination of biofortified crops rich in micronutrients such as zinc, iron and vitamin A for the vulnerable people in developing countries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界は、以下の三つの栄養課題に直面しているとされています(Pick Up 3; Our World in Data)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E飢餓・栄養不足 (hunger and undernourishment): 健康体重を達成し維持するために必要不可欠な最低限のエネルギー量未満の摂取と定義されます。 2019年国連食糧農業機関 (FAO)世界食料・栄養白書によると、世界の栄養不足人口は2015年来上昇に転じ、2018年時点で世界人口の九人に一人に相当する、8.2憶人が飢えに直面しているとされます。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E肥満・栄養過多(obesity or overnourishment): 健康な体重の維持に必要以上のエネルギー摂取として定義されます。WHOによると、1975年から2016年の間に肥満人口は3倍に増え、世界の成人人口の13%に相当するとされます。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E微量栄養素欠乏 (micronutrient deficiencies): 体の正常な成長や発展のためにごく少量でも必要とされる必須ビタミン・ミネラルの摂取不足により定義されます。世界保健機関WHOによると、20億人が鉄欠乏性貧血を被っているとしています。微量栄養素欠乏は、「隠れた飢餓 (Hidden Hunger)」とも称され、カロリーが足りていても、必要な栄養素の摂取効率や代謝や免疫に大きな影響を及ぼします。例えば、鉄分不足は貧血、ヨウ素不足は甲状腺腫・知能発達の遅れ、ビタミンA不足は夜盲症、そして共通するものとして免疫・抵抗力の低下をもたらすことが知られています。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO 2019報告書では、何らかの形で食料安全保障の危機に直面している人々 [the combination of moderate and severe levels of food insecurity] を、世界人口の26％相当の20億人としています。2020年5月現在、国際社会は新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の封じ込めに取り組んでいますが、パンデミックは人々がウイルスやその他感染症に対する強靭性を強化し、健康を維持する上での食料安全保障と栄養の重要性を浮き彫りにしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E開発途上国における微量栄養素欠乏の解決には、栄養サプリメントや栄養強化された加工食品の提供などが行われてきましたが、費用的に持続可能ではなく、最も微量栄養素欠乏の問題を抱える最貧困層や農村世帯が利用できない可能性への懸念もありました。これに対し、生物学的栄養強化(biofortification)では、農業生産段階で微量栄養素の解決が図れるよう、作物の微量栄養素含有量を高める育種を目指します。先駆的に取り組んでいるのが、エコノミストであるHowarth Bouis博士が中心となり、CGIAR国際農業研究機関が集結した HarvestPlusであり、開発途上国における脆弱な人々を対象に、鉄分・ビタミンA・亜鉛を中心とした生物学的栄養強化作物の育種・開発と普及に取り組んできました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月に公表されたHarvestPlus2019年年次報告書は、微量栄養素に富んだ次の作物 - コメ・小麦・メイズ・豆・ミレット・キャッサバ・オレンジスイートポテト、その他主食作物など -の普及と消費拡大に取り組んだ活動・成功事例を紹介しています。2019年、HarvestPlusは、CGIARセンターや国立農業研究機関と協力し、11か国で27の生物学的栄養強化品種をリリース、現在までに世界30か国における242品種のリリースを達成しました。これら作物は、アフリカ、アジア、南米・カリブ諸国の4200万以上の農家の役に立つことが見込まれています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E例として、日常的に摂取されるならば、ビタミンA強化メイズは一日に必要な所要量の50％、鉄分強化豆は所要量の80％を提供することが可能とされています。ルワンダにおいて、鉄分不足で貧血状態にあった女性が18週間、一日に二回鉄分強化豆を食した結果、鉄分状況の改善のみならず、日々の家事や肉体労働の実施能力を向上したことが報告され、人々の生活改善のインパクトが示されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2019) THE STATE OF FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION IN THE WORLD - SAFEGUARDING AGAINST ECONOMIC SLOWDOWNS AND DOWNTURNS \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus. Our History. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/about/our-history\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.harvestplus.org/about/our-history\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus Getting Biofortified Food on Everyone’s Plate: 2019 HarvestPlus Annual Report May 6, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/knowledge-market/in-the-news/getting-biofortified-food-everyone%E2%80%99s-plate-2019-harvestplus-annual\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.harvestplus.org/knowledge-market/in-the-news/getting-biofortified-food-everyone%E2%80%99s-plate-2019-harvestplus-annual\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus\u0026nbsp; Getting Biofortified Food On Everyone’s Plate 2019 AT A GLANCE\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://spark.adobe.com/page/Cw6rcp3IpsyJJ/\u0022\u003Ehttps://spark.adobe.com/page/Cw6rcp3IpsyJJ/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOur World in Data. Micronutrient Deficiency by Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser This article was first published in August 2017. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://ourworldindata.org/micronutrient-deficiency\u0022\u003Ehttps://ourworldindata.org/micronutrient-deficiency\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 10, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. Micronutrient deficiencies \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/ida/en/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/ida/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. Obesity and overweight \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 3. 世界の食料・栄養安全保障に関する農業研究の視点の変化 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200312\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200312\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子・飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;facing\u0026nbsp;three nutritional challenges (Pick Up 3; Our World in Data).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EHunger and undernourishment\u0026nbsp;refers to\u0026nbsp;dietary energy\u0026nbsp;intake\u0026nbsp;below the minimum\u0026nbsp;amount of energy required to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)\u0026nbsp;State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019,\u0026nbsp;the number of undernourished people in the world has risen since 2015\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;821\u0026nbsp;million\u0026nbsp;in 2018, equivalent to one in\u0026nbsp;every\u0026nbsp;nine people.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EObesity or overnourishment\u0026nbsp;refers to\u0026nbsp;dietary energy\u0026nbsp;intake\u0026nbsp;which exceeds the requirement\u0026nbsp;to maintain a healthy\u0026nbsp;bodyweight. According to the World Health Organization\u0026nbsp;(WHO), the\u0026nbsp;worldwide obesity rate has\u0026nbsp;nearly\u0026nbsp;tripled between 1975 and 2016,\u0026nbsp;corresponding to\u0026nbsp;13% of the world\u0027s adult population.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EMicronutrient deficiency refers to\u0026nbsp;inadequate intake of essential vitamins and minerals required in small amounts for normal growth and development of the body.\u0026nbsp;According to WHO, almost\u0026nbsp;2 billion people have iron deficiency anemia. Micronutrient deficiency, also known as\u0026nbsp;“hidden\u0026nbsp;hunger”,\u0026nbsp;can have a significant effect on\u0026nbsp;nutrient\u0026nbsp;intake\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;metabolism\u0026nbsp;and immunity, even if\u0026nbsp;there is sufficient\u0026nbsp;calorie\u0026nbsp;level. For example, it is known that iron deficiency causes anemia, iodine deficiency leads to goiter\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;impaired cognitive\u0026nbsp;development, and vitamin A deficiency leads to night blindness, and\u0026nbsp;more commonly, to immunodeficiency.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the FAO 2019 report, the number of people who are facing some sort of food security crisis\u0026nbsp;(a\u0026nbsp;combination of moderate and severe levels of food insecurity)\u0026nbsp;is 2 billion, which is equivalent to 26% of the world population. As of May 2020, the international community is working to contain the COVID-19. This\u0026nbsp;pandemic\u0026nbsp;highlights the importance of food security and nutrition in the country which\u0026nbsp;helps people\u0026nbsp;everywhere to\u0026nbsp;strengthen their resilience against viruses and other infectious diseases and\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;maintain\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;healthy lifestyle.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe problem of micronutrient in developing countries\u0026nbsp;is being addressed by providing\u0026nbsp;nutritional supplements and fortified processed foods. However, it is not\u0026nbsp;cost-sustainable and\u0026nbsp;there\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;concerns\u0026nbsp;that the poorest\u0026nbsp;and rural households with the most micronutrient deficiency problems, could rarely have access to commercially fortified foods.\u0026nbsp;As such,\u0026nbsp;biofortification\u0026nbsp;which aims to breed\u0026nbsp;crops with enhanced\u0026nbsp;nutritional value, is seen as a more effective approach because\u0026nbsp;micronutrient\u0026nbsp;deficiency can be resolved at the agricultural production stage. HarvestPlus,\u0026nbsp;pioneered\u0026nbsp;by economist Dr. Howarth Bouis,\u0026nbsp;is working with the\u0026nbsp;CGIAR\u0026nbsp;research centers\u0026nbsp;on the breeding, development and dissemination of such biologically fortified crops, focusing on iron, vitamin A and zinc,\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;vulnerable people in developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;HarvestPlus Annual Report\u0026nbsp;2019, published in May 2020,\u0026nbsp;highlights the activities and successful cases, and\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;shows the\u0026nbsp;global efforts to scale up the cultivation\u0026nbsp;and consumption of micronutrient-rich\u0026nbsp;varieties of\u0026nbsp;rice, wheat, maize, beans,\u0026nbsp;pearl\u0026nbsp;millet, cassava, orange sweet potato, and other staple food crops.\u0026nbsp;In 2019, HarvestPlus\u0026nbsp;in collaboration\u0026nbsp;with CGIAR\u0026nbsp;research centers\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;national\u0026nbsp;agricultural\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;systems facilitated the\u0026nbsp;release\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;27\u0026nbsp;new varieties of\u0026nbsp;biofortified\u0026nbsp;crops\u0026nbsp;in 11 countries. To date,\u0026nbsp;242 varieties\u0026nbsp;have been released\u0026nbsp;in 30 countries. These crops are expected to benefit more than 42 million farmers in Africa, Asia, South America and the Caribbean.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs an example, biofortified vitamin A maize can provide 50% of the daily requirement and\u0026nbsp;high-\u0026nbsp;iron beans can provide 80% of the requirement\u0026nbsp;if taken on a daily basis. In Rwanda,\u0026nbsp;it has been reported that\u0026nbsp;anemic\u0026nbsp;women due to iron deficiency,\u0026nbsp;who were fed with high-iron beans twice a day for 18 weeks,\u0026nbsp;showed\u0026nbsp;not only improvement in\u0026nbsp;their\u0026nbsp;iron status but also\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;their\u0026nbsp;ability to perform daily household chores\u0026nbsp;and physical\u0026nbsp;work,\u0026nbsp;showing the impact of\u0026nbsp;biofortification in\u0026nbsp;improving people\u0027s lives.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2019) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition/en/\u0022\u003EThe State of\u0026nbsp;Food Security and Nutrition in the World - Safeguarding Against Economic Slowdowns and Downturns\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/about/our-history\u0022\u003EOur History\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/knowledge-market/in-the-news/getting-biofortified-food-everyone%E2%80%99s-plate-2019-harvestplus-annual\u0022\u003EGetting Biofortified Food on Everyone’s Plate: 2019 HarvestPlus Annual Report\u003C/a\u003E May 6, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://spark.adobe.com/page/Cw6rcp3IpsyJJ/\u0022\u003EGetting Biofortified Food On Everyone’s Plate: 2019 At a Glance\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOur World in Data. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://ourworldindata.org/micronutrient-deficiency\u0022\u003EMicronutrient Deficiency by Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 10, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/ida/en/\u0022\u003EMicronutrient deficiencies\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWHO. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight\u0022\u003EObesity and overweight\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 3. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200312\u0022\u003EChanging perspectives in agricultural research on global food and nutrition security\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200511_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200608_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "35. Nature Food Paper: “Distance” between Food Supply and Demand Local Food System vs. International Trade", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "35. Nature Food Paper: “Distance” between Food Supply and Demand Local Food System vs. International Trade", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Although farms are, by their nature, local, much of the rest of the food industry is global. Today people around the world rely more or less on imported food. COVID-19 crisis provides an opportunity to discuss the localization of food systems in an effort to bring food supply and demand closer together. A paper published in Nature Food in April 2020 estimated potential minimum distances between food production and consumption for six crop groups and also examined scenarios of yield improvement and food loss reduction. According to the analysis, less than one-third of the world\u0027s population can meet the demand within a radius of 100 km, and for many people the supply-demand distance exceeds 1,000 km, and the food supply must depend on trade. Increasing yields and reducing food loss will favor more local food systems in Africa and Asia, but a global supply chain is still necessary for a stable food supply. The authors hope that this study will not provide policy recommendations, but rather provide an overall picture on which to base discussions about local food systems versus international trade.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Although farms are, by their nature, local, much of the rest of the food industry is global. Today people around the world rely more or less on imported food. COVID-19 crisis provides an opportunity to discuss the localization of food systems in an effort to bring food supply and demand closer together. A paper published in Nature Food in April 2020 estimated potential minimum distances between food production and consumption for six crop groups and also examined scenarios of yield improvement and food loss reduction. According to the analysis, less than one-third of the world\u0027s population can meet the demand within a radius of 100 km, and for many people the supply-demand distance exceeds 1,000 km, and the food supply must depend on trade. Increasing yields and reducing food loss will favor more local food systems in Africa and Asia, but a global supply chain is still necessary for a stable food supply. The authors hope that this study will not provide policy recommendations, but rather provide an overall picture on which to base discussions about local food systems versus international trade.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 9, 2020, The Economist published an article discussing the impact of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) on the global food system. While farms are, by their nature, local, much of the rest of the food industry is global and today more than four-fifths of the world\u0027s population of about 8 billion (7.8 billion in 2020) is more or less dependent on imported food. The seeds, fertilizers, agricultural machinery and fuels that farmers depend on are also procured from afar by a huge network of trading companies. In the world where import dependence is increasing, the COVID-19 shock may reignite the food crisis, but at the same time, there is a view that the increase in\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the number of participants in trade is contributing to the stabilization of the system. Compared to the global food crisis of 2007-2008, there is about twice as much grain stock as at that time, transportation costs have been greatly reduced, and international food trade seems to be more resilient to fluctuations in supply and demand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobalization has been accompanied by major changes in the food system. The expansion of food trade has enabled countries around the world to make good use of imports, overcome their own production constraints, and achieve efficient resource allocation (a comparative advantage discussion). While international trade diversified sources of nutritious food, it also sacrificed the diversity of local food production systems, increased vulnerability to market crises, and decoupled production from consumption. The negative impacts of the globalization of food trade are often discussed in terms of food sovereignty protecting local small-scale agriculture and markets. While the fact that agriculture itself is a greenhouse gas emission source is set aside,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;there is even debate that the development of local value chains contributes to the reduction of emissions from transportation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to discuss the localization of the food system in an effort to bring food supply and demand closer together. However, in the global food system, there is very limited information about the minimum distance that food can be sourced. A paper published in\u0026nbsp;Nature Food\u0026nbsp;in April 2020 (Local food crop production can fulfill demand for less than one-third of the population) presented six crop groups (temperate cereals - wheat, barley, rye, rice, maize; tropical grains - millet sorghum; tropical rhizome crops – cassava; legumes), and estimated the potential minimum distance between food production and consumption. Using the optimization model, the authors assume a hypothetical food distribution system that minimizes the distance between crop-specific food production areas and consumption, and use four scenarios (baseline, yield gap halving, food loss halving, yield gap and food loss halving).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to the scenario of halving the yield gap and food loss (mainly due to the yield gap effect-improvement in yield), the supply and demand distance will change significantly in South America and East / Northwest Africa. Regarding rice, Sub-Saharan Africa can achieve a significant reduction in supply-demand distance. The relatively small impact on maize is that the supply-demand distance is relatively small at baseline compared to other crops. Reducing the yield gap and reducing food loss are important for expanding local production in Africa and Asia, but a global supply chain is still needed for a sufficient and stable food supply.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe authors concluded that this research was not a policy recommendation, but aimed to show the whole picture that will be the basis of future discussions, but naturally there are limitations, and states that: For example, six crops alone do not reflect the dietary conditions of each country (70% of Afghanistan and Lesotho Bangladesh diets, but less than 20% in Belgium and Iceland). It is also necessary to consider the importance of livestock products and feed in the diet and trade. Food, food production, and the food system should be considered not only as a heat source for humans, but also as a complex combination of utility, culture, tradition, socioeconomics, and life. While international trade is not a panacea of ​​food security and resource management, the debate over local food tends to fall into the idealistic theory of being a sustainable best bet than the global food supply system. While this study is not perfect, consideration of the minimum distance between food supply and demand contributes to the debate over local food systems versus international trade.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Economist. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u0022\u003EKeeping things cornucopious. The world’s food system has so far weathered the challenge of covid-19\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Briefing May 9th 2020 edition \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKinnunen\u0026nbsp;P, Guillaume\u0026nbsp;JHA, Taka\u0026nbsp;M\u0026nbsp;et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0060-7\u0022\u003ELocal food crop production can fulfil demand for less than one-third of the population\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Food 1:\u0026nbsp;229–237 (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 9, 2020, The Economist published an article discussing the impact of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) on the global food system. While farms are, by their nature, local, much of the rest of the food industry is global and today more than four-fifths of the world\u0027s population of about 8 billion (7.8 billion in 2020) is more or less dependent on imported food. The seeds, fertilizers, agricultural machinery and fuels that farmers depend on are also procured from afar by a huge network of trading companies. In the world where import dependence is increasing, the COVID-19 shock may reignite the food crisis, but at the same time, there is a view that the increase in\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the number of participants in trade is contributing to the stabilization of the system. Compared to the global food crisis of 2007-2008, there is about twice as much grain stock as at that time, transportation costs have been greatly reduced, and international food trade seems to be more resilient to fluctuations in supply and demand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobalization has been accompanied by major changes in the food system. The expansion of food trade has enabled countries around the world to make good use of imports, overcome their own production constraints, and achieve efficient resource allocation (a comparative advantage discussion). While international trade diversified sources of nutritious food, it also sacrificed the diversity of local food production systems, increased vulnerability to market crises, and decoupled production from consumption. The negative impacts of the globalization of food trade are often discussed in terms of food sovereignty protecting local small-scale agriculture and markets. While the fact that agriculture itself is a greenhouse gas emission source is set aside,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;there is even debate that the development of local value chains contributes to the reduction of emissions from transportation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to discuss the localization of the food system in an effort to bring food supply and demand closer together. However, in the global food system, there is very limited information about the minimum distance that food can be sourced. A paper published in\u0026nbsp;Nature Food\u0026nbsp;in April 2020 (Local food crop production can fulfill demand for less than one-third of the population) presented six crop groups (temperate cereals - wheat, barley, rye, rice, maize; tropical grains - millet sorghum; tropical rhizome crops – cassava; legumes), and estimated the potential minimum distance between food production and consumption. Using the optimization model, the authors assume a hypothetical food distribution system that minimizes the distance between crop-specific food production areas and consumption, and use four scenarios (baseline, yield gap halving, food loss halving, yield gap and food loss halving).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to the scenario of halving the yield gap and food loss (mainly due to the yield gap effect-improvement in yield), the supply and demand distance will change significantly in South America and East / Northwest Africa. Regarding rice, Sub-Saharan Africa can achieve a significant reduction in supply-demand distance. The relatively small impact on maize is that the supply-demand distance is relatively small at baseline compared to other crops. Reducing the yield gap and reducing food loss are important for expanding local production in Africa and Asia, but a global supply chain is still needed for a sufficient and stable food supply.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe authors concluded that this research was not a policy recommendation, but aimed to show the whole picture that will be the basis of future discussions, but naturally there are limitations, and states that: For example, six crops alone do not reflect the dietary conditions of each country (70% of Afghanistan and Lesotho Bangladesh diets, but less than 20% in Belgium and Iceland). It is also necessary to consider the importance of livestock products and feed in the diet and trade. Food, food production, and the food system should be considered not only as a heat source for humans, but also as a complex combination of utility, culture, tradition, socioeconomics, and life. While international trade is not a panacea of ​​food security and resource management, the debate over local food tends to fall into the idealistic theory of being a sustainable best bet than the global food supply system. While this study is not perfect, consideration of the minimum distance between food supply and demand contributes to the debate over local food systems versus international trade.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Economist. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u0022\u003EKeeping things cornucopious. The world’s food system has so far weathered the challenge of covid-19\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Briefing May 9th 2020 edition \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKinnunen\u0026nbsp;P, Guillaume\u0026nbsp;JHA, Taka\u0026nbsp;M\u0026nbsp;et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0060-7\u0022\u003ELocal food crop production can fulfil demand for less than one-third of the population\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Food 1:\u0026nbsp;229–237 (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200512#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "35. Nature Food論文：食料供給と需要の “距離”　ローカル・フードシステム 対 国際貿易　", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "35. Nature Food Paper: “Distance” between Food Supply and Demand Local Food System vs. International Trade", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "農業は本質的にローカルな生産活動であるのに対し、食産業はグローバルに展開され、今日、世界中の人々が多かれ少なかれ輸入食料に依存しています。COVID-19が契機となり、食料供給と需要をより近いものにしようとするフードシステムのローカル化が議論されることになるでしょう。2020年4月にNature Foodに発表された論文は、6作物群について食料生産と消費の間の潜在的最小距離を推計、収量向上やフードロス削減のシナリオも検討しました。分析の結果、半径100㎞の範囲で需要を満たすことができるのは世界人口の三分の1以下と推定され、多くの人々にとり需給距離は1,000㎞を超え、食料供給を輸入に依存せざるをえない状況が浮かび上がりました。収量向上やフードロスの削減は、アフリカやアジアでローカル生産による需要充足に繋がりますが、安定的な食料供給のためにはグローバルサプライチェーンも必要です。著者らは、本研究は、政策提言ではなく、むしろローカル・フードシステム対国際貿易を巡る議論への拠り所となる全体像を提供することを期待しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Although farms are, by their nature, local, much of the rest of the food industry is global. Today people around the world rely more or less on imported food. COVID-19 crisis provides an opportunity to discuss the localization of food systems in an effort to bring food supply and demand closer together. A paper published in Nature Food in April 2020 estimated potential minimum distances between food production and consumption for six crop groups and also examined scenarios of yield improvement and food loss reduction. According to the analysis, less than one-third of the world\u0027s population can meet the demand within a radius of 100 km, and for many people the supply-demand distance exceeds 1,000 km, and the food supply must depend on trade. Increasing yields and reducing food loss will favor more local food systems in Africa and Asia, but a global supply chain is still necessary for a stable food supply. The authors hope that this study will not provide policy recommendations, but rather provide an overall picture on which to base discussions about local food systems versus international trade.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月9日、The Economist誌にて、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19)の世界フードシステムへの影響が論じられていました。農業は本質的にローカルな生産活動であるのに対し、食産業はグローバルに展開され、今日、約80億人の世界人口(2020年78億人)の五分の四が多かれ少なかれ輸入食料に依存し、農家が必要とする種子・化学肥料・農業機械・燃料も、巨大な商社ネットワークにより遥か彼方から調達されます。輸入依存が益々高まる世界において、COVID-19ショックが食料危機を再燃させる懸念もありますが、同時に貿易への参入者増加はシステムの安定化に貢献しているという見方もあります。2007-08年の世界食料危機にくらべ、現在の当時の2倍ほどの穀物ストックがあり、輸送費用も大幅に抑えられ、国際食料貿易は需給の変動に対する強靭性を強めているようです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eグローバル化はフードシステムの大きな変容を伴ってきました。食料貿易の拡大は、世界の国々が輸入をうまく活かして自国の生産制約を克服し、効率的な資源配分を達成しました（比較優位の議論）。国際貿易は栄養価に富む食料の供給元を多様化する一方、ローカルな食料生産システムの多様性を犠牲にし、市場危機への脆弱性を高め、生産と消費を乖離させる側面もありました。食料貿易のグローバル化によるネガティブなインパクトは、しばしローカルな小規模農業・市場を保護する食料主権の観点から議論されています。農業自身が温室効果ガス排出源である事実は脇に置かれ、ローカルなバリューチェーンの発展は輸送による排出の削減に貢献するという議論もあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19が契機となり、食料供給と需要をより近いものにしようとするフードシステムのローカル化が議論されることになるでしょう。しかしグローバルなフードシステムにおいて、食料を調達しうる最小距離についての情報は極めて限られています。2020年4月にNature Foodに発表された論文 (Local food crop production can fulfil demand for less than one-third of the population) は、6つの作物群(温帯穀物-小麦・大麦・ライ麦、コメ、メイズ、熱帯穀物-ミレット・ソルガム、熱帯根茎作物-キャッサバ、豆類)について、食料生産と消費の間の潜在的最小距離を推計しました。著者らは最適化モデルを用い、作物固有の食料生産域と消費間の距離を最小化する仮説的な食料流通システムを想定し、4つのシナリオ(ベースライン、イールドギャップの半減、フードロスの半減、イールドギャップ・フードロス双方の半減)を検討しました。ちなみにイールドギャップ(yield gap)は、農業において、最適な栽培体系のもとで期待される作物の潜在的な収量と実際に得られる収量の差を意味します。論文におけるイールドギャップの半減シナリオとは、栽培方法の改善等による収量の向上を意味していると考えられます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eシナリオ分析は、多くの地域で、ローカルに生産される作物がローカルな需要を満たすのに十分でなく、余剰地域から不足地域への食料の輸送が必須であるという結果を出しました。世界的に、温帯穀物・コメ・熱帯穀物・豆を100㎞圏内で調達できるのは22－28％の人口に限られます。キャッサバとメイズに関しては、100㎞内で需要を満たせるのは11－16％に過ぎません。全体として、半径100㎞の範囲で需要を満たすことができるのは、世界人口の三分の1以下である11－28％であると推定され、26－64％の人口は、食料供給と需要の距離は1,000㎞を超え、世界の人々の殆どが輸入に依存せざるをえない状況が浮かび上がります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E温帯穀物の需給距離は栽培に適した気候条件に強く制約されますが、人口の比重を加味した平均需給距離は約3,800kmです。世界人口の半分は900km圏内で需要を満たし、25％の人口は5200㎞以上の距離が必要です。北米や欧州では、需要は500㎞圏内で満たされますが、サブサハラ・アフリカでは5,000㎞に達します。コメに関しては、世界人口の50％は650㎞圏内で需要を満たしますが、残りの50％は需給距離が長く平均2,700㎞となります。メイズは比較的特殊で、北南米・欧州・アジアでは十分なメイズの余剰があり、人間による消費に限れば、需給距離は短くなり、平均1,300kmです。世界食料供給における重要性から温帯穀物とコメの影響が強く出ますが、人口や作物シェアの比重に配慮した6つの作物群の平均需給距離は2,200kmです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eイールドギャップとフードロスを半減するシナリオによって（主にイールドギャップ効果ー収量向上により）、需給距離に大きな変化が出るのは南米と東・北西アフリカ地域です。コメに関して、サブサハラ・アフリカは需給距離の大幅削減を達成し得ます。メイズでのインパクトが相対的に小さいのは、ベースラインにおいて他の作物に比べ需給距離が相対的に小さいことにあります。イールドギャップの縮小やフードロスの削減は、アフリカやアジアでローカル生産の拡大に重要ですが、十分で安定的な食料供給のためにはグローバルサプライチェーンもまだ必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E著者らは、本研究は、政策提言としてではなく、今後の議論のよりどころとなる全体像を示すことを目指す一方、当然制約があるとし、以下のように述べています。例えば、6つの作物群だけでは各国の食事事情を反映していません（アフガニスタンやレソト・バングラデッシュの食事を70％反映するが、ベルギーやアイスランドでは20％以下）。食事・貿易における畜産品や飼料の重要性にも配慮が必要です。食料・食料生産・フードシステムは人間の熱源としてだけでなく、効用・文化・伝統・社会経済・生活が複雑に絡まったものとして捉えられるべきです。国際貿易は食料安全保障と資源管理の万能薬ではありませんが、ローカル・フードを巡る議論もグローバル・フードサプライシステムよりも持続的な最善策であるとの理想論に陥りがちです。本研究は完璧ではないものの、食料需給の最低距離の検討は、ローカル・フードシステム対国際貿易を巡る議論に貢献すると信じています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Economist. Keeping things cornucopias. The world’s food system has so far weathered the challenge of covid-19. But things could still go awry Briefing May 9th 2020 edition \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKinnunen, P., Guillaume, J.H.A., Taka, M. et al. Local food crop production can fulfil demand for less than one-third of the population. Nat Food 1, 229–237 (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0060-7\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0060-7\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 9, 2020, The Economist published an article discussing the impact of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) on the global food system. While farms are, by their nature, local, much of the rest of the food industry is global and today more than four-fifths of the world\u0027s population of about 8 billion (7.8 billion in 2020) is more or less dependent on imported food. The seeds, fertilizers, agricultural machinery and fuels that farmers depend on are also procured from afar by a huge network of trading companies. In the world where import dependence is increasing, the COVID-19 shock may reignite the food crisis, but at the same time, there is a view that the increase in\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;the number of participants in trade is contributing to the stabilization of the system. Compared to the global food crisis of 2007-2008, there is about twice as much grain stock as at that time, transportation costs have been greatly reduced, and international food trade seems to be more resilient to fluctuations in supply and demand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobalization has been accompanied by major changes in the food system. The expansion of food trade has enabled countries around the world to make good use of imports, overcome their own production constraints, and achieve efficient resource allocation (a comparative advantage discussion). While international trade diversified sources of nutritious food, it also sacrificed the diversity of local food production systems, increased vulnerability to market crises, and decoupled production from consumption. The negative impacts of the globalization of food trade are often discussed in terms of food sovereignty protecting local small-scale agriculture and markets. While the fact that agriculture itself is a greenhouse gas emission source is set aside,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;there is even debate that the development of local value chains contributes to the reduction of emissions from transportation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to discuss the localization of the food system in an effort to bring food supply and demand closer together. However, in the global food system, there is very limited information about the minimum distance that food can be sourced. A paper published in\u0026nbsp;Nature Food\u0026nbsp;in April 2020 (Local food crop production can fulfill demand for less than one-third of the population) presented six crop groups (temperate cereals - wheat, barley, rye, rice, maize; tropical grains - millet sorghum; tropical rhizome crops – cassava; legumes), and estimated the potential minimum distance between food production and consumption. Using the optimization model, the authors assume a hypothetical food distribution system that minimizes the distance between crop-specific food production areas and consumption, and use four scenarios (baseline, yield gap halving, food loss halving, yield gap and food loss halving).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to the scenario of halving the yield gap and food loss (mainly due to the yield gap effect-improvement in yield), the supply and demand distance will change significantly in South America and East / Northwest Africa. Regarding rice, Sub-Saharan Africa can achieve a significant reduction in supply-demand distance. The relatively small impact on maize is that the supply-demand distance is relatively small at baseline compared to other crops. Reducing the yield gap and reducing food loss are important for expanding local production in Africa and Asia, but a global supply chain is still needed for a sufficient and stable food supply.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe authors concluded that this research was not a policy recommendation, but aimed to show the whole picture that will be the basis of future discussions, but naturally there are limitations, and states that: For example, six crops alone do not reflect the dietary conditions of each country (70% of Afghanistan and Lesotho Bangladesh diets, but less than 20% in Belgium and Iceland). It is also necessary to consider the importance of livestock products and feed in the diet and trade. Food, food production, and the food system should be considered not only as a heat source for humans, but also as a complex combination of utility, culture, tradition, socioeconomics, and life. While international trade is not a panacea of ​​food security and resource management, the debate over local food tends to fall into the idealistic theory of being a sustainable best bet than the global food supply system. While this study is not perfect, consideration of the minimum distance between food supply and demand contributes to the debate over local food systems versus international trade.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Economist. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u0022\u003EKeeping things cornucopious. The world’s food system has so far weathered the challenge of covid-19\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Briefing May 9th 2020 edition \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/05/09/the-worlds-food-system-has-so-far-weathered-the-challenge-of-covid-19\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EKinnunen\u0026nbsp;P, Guillaume\u0026nbsp;JHA, Taka\u0026nbsp;M\u0026nbsp;et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0060-7\u0022\u003ELocal food crop production can fulfil demand for less than one-third of the population\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Food 1:\u0026nbsp;229–237 (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200512_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200608_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "36. New Coronavirus Pandemic ー EAC Border Supply Chain Monitoring and Support for Promotion of Regional Agriculture ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "36. New Coronavirus Pandemic ー EAC Border Supply Chain Monitoring and Support for Promotion of Regional Agriculture ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organization composed of the East African countries of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan. Among these EAC countries, only Kenya and Tanzania have coastlines, whereas Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan are landlocked countries, and cross-border logistics of lifeline including food, fuel, and medical products are part of the national economy. On 12 May 2020, four leaders of six EAC countries, Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, and South Sudan, issued a joint statement to ensure that there is no interruption in cross-border logistics during the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic. In view of the current pandemic and post-COVID-19, the leaders also announced that they would support agricultural processing and value-adding by ensuring that farmers\u0027 agricultural activities continue uninterrupted.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organization composed of the East African countries of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan. Among these EAC countries, only Kenya and Tanzania have coastlines, whereas Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan are landlocked countries, and cross-border logistics of lifeline including food, fuel, and medical products are part of the national economy. On 12 May 2020, four leaders of six EAC countries, Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, and South Sudan, issued a joint statement to ensure that there is no interruption in cross-border logistics during the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic. In view of the current pandemic and post-COVID-19, the leaders also announced that they would support agricultural processing and value-adding by ensuring that farmers\u0027 agricultural activities continue uninterrupted.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe East African Community (EAC) is is an intergovernmental organisation composed of six countries of the East African countries of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan. Among these EAC countries, only Kenya and Tanzania have coastlines, whereas Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan are landlocked countries, and cross-border logistics of lifeline including food, fuel, and medical products are part of the national economy.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn May 12, 2020, it was reported that among the presidents of the six EAC countries, Presidents Paul Kagame (Rwanda), Uhuru Kenyatta (Kenya), Yoweri Museveni (Uganda), and Salva Kiir Mayardit (South Sudan) held a video conference and issued a joint statement regarding their commitment to collaborate in dealing with COVID-19. Leaders of the four countries have agreed to share information such as the test results of drivers who are responsible for the supply chain so that logistics across borders will not be interrupted during the fight against COVID-19 pandemic.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe decision was made as Uganda announced 4 new COVID-19 cases among 1,478 truck drivers including 2 from Kenya\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and Tanzania (Africanews).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe leaders agreed to designate the Ministry of Health and Transportation in each country to coordinate measures including the introduction of a digital surveillance and tracking system for drivers so that the distribution of medical products and food can be carried out smoothly. Furthermore, in view of the current pandemic and post-COVID-19, the leaders announced that they would support agricultural processing and value-adding by ensuring that farmers\u0027 agricultural activities continue uninterrupted. In order to mitigate the negative impact of COVID-19, the leaders emphasized efforts to promote the agricultural sector, aiming for import substitution at the regional level (making foods that were dependent on imports partially or fully self-sufficient).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, the meeting was not attended by the Presidents of Tanzania and Burundi. It is said that Tanzania has pursued different approaches to the pandemic from other countries and not restricted economic activities.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFRICATIMES. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://africatimes.com/2020/05/12/eac-states-to-monitor-truck-drivers-borders-in-response-to-covid/\u0022\u003EEAC states to monitor truck drivers, borders in response to COVID\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfricanews. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.africanews.com/2020/05/12/coronavirus-africa-free-movement-of-goods-fight-against-covid-19-key-agenda-as-east-african-community-eac-leaders-meet/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus - Africa: Free Movement of Goods, Fight against COVID-19 Key Agenda as East African Community (EAC) Leaders Meet\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.eac.int/communique/1725-communiqu%C3%A9-heads-of-state-consultative-meeting-of-the-east-african-community\u0022\u003EEAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY (EAC) HEADS OF STATE CONSULTATIVE MEETING OF THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY COMMUNIQUÉ\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe East African Community (EAC) is is an intergovernmental organisation composed of six countries of the East African countries of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan. Among these EAC countries, only Kenya and Tanzania have coastlines, whereas Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan are landlocked countries, and cross-border logistics of lifeline including food, fuel, and medical products are part of the national economy.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn May 12, 2020, it was reported that among the presidents of the six EAC countries, Presidents Paul Kagame (Rwanda), Uhuru Kenyatta (Kenya), Yoweri Museveni (Uganda), and Salva Kiir Mayardit (South Sudan) held a video conference and issued a joint statement regarding their commitment to collaborate in dealing with COVID-19. Leaders of the four countries have agreed to share information such as the test results of drivers who are responsible for the supply chain so that logistics across borders will not be interrupted during the fight against COVID-19 pandemic.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe decision was made as Uganda announced 4 new COVID-19 cases among 1,478 truck drivers including 2 from Kenya\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and Tanzania (Africanews).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe leaders agreed to designate the Ministry of Health and Transportation in each country to coordinate measures including the introduction of a digital surveillance and tracking system for drivers so that the distribution of medical products and food can be carried out smoothly. Furthermore, in view of the current pandemic and post-COVID-19, the leaders announced that they would support agricultural processing and value-adding by ensuring that farmers\u0027 agricultural activities continue uninterrupted. In order to mitigate the negative impact of COVID-19, the leaders emphasized efforts to promote the agricultural sector, aiming for import substitution at the regional level (making foods that were dependent on imports partially or fully self-sufficient).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, the meeting was not attended by the Presidents of Tanzania and Burundi. It is said that Tanzania has pursued different approaches to the pandemic from other countries and not restricted economic activities.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFRICATIMES. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://africatimes.com/2020/05/12/eac-states-to-monitor-truck-drivers-borders-in-response-to-covid/\u0022\u003EEAC states to monitor truck drivers, borders in response to COVID\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfricanews. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.africanews.com/2020/05/12/coronavirus-africa-free-movement-of-goods-fight-against-covid-19-key-agenda-as-east-african-community-eac-leaders-meet/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus - Africa: Free Movement of Goods, Fight against COVID-19 Key Agenda as East African Community (EAC) Leaders Meet\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.eac.int/communique/1725-communiqu%C3%A9-heads-of-state-consultative-meeting-of-the-east-african-community\u0022\u003EEAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY (EAC) HEADS OF STATE CONSULTATIVE MEETING OF THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY COMMUNIQUÉ\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200513#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "36. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック　―　東アフリカ共同体による国境間サプライチェーン・モニタリングと地域農業振興支援声明", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "36. New Coronavirus Pandemic ー EAC Border Supply Chain Monitoring and Support for Promotion of Regional Agriculture ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "東アフリカ共同体(East African Community: EAC)は東アフリカ諸国により結成された地域共同体ですが、海岸線を有するのはケニアとタンザニアのみで、残りの内陸国にとり、食料・燃料・医療品を含む国境間(cross-border)の物流は国家経済の生命線でもあります。2020年5月12日、EAC6か国中、ルワンダ・ケニア・ウガンダ・南スーダンの4か国首脳は、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックとの戦いの間も、国境を越えた物流が途絶えることがないよう共同声明を出しました。首脳らは、現在のパンデミック、そしてポストCOVID-19を見据え、農民による農業活動が中断されることなく継続されるよう配慮し、農業加工・付加価値化や地域レベルでの農業振興を支援することを表明しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organization composed of the East African countries of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan. Among these EAC countries, only Kenya and Tanzania have coastlines, whereas Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan are landlocked countries, and cross-border logistics of lifeline including food, fuel, and medical products are part of the national economy. On 12 May 2020, four leaders of six EAC countries, Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, and South Sudan, issued a joint statement to ensure that there is no interruption in cross-border logistics during the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic. In view of the current pandemic and post-COVID-19, the leaders also announced that they would support agricultural processing and value-adding by ensuring that farmers\u0027 agricultural activities continue uninterrupted.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E東アフリカ共同体(East African Community: EAC)は、ケニア、タンザニア、ウガンダ、ルワンダ、ブルンジ、南スーダンの東アフリカ諸国により結成された地域共同体です。EACのうち、海岸線を有するのはケニアとタンザニアのみで、ウガンダ、ルワンダ、ブルンジ、南スーダンは内陸国であり、食料・燃料・医療品を含む国境間(cross-border)の物流は国家経済の生命線でもあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月12日、EAC6か国中、ルワンダ (Paul Kagame)・ケニア(Uhuru Kenyatta)・ウガンダ(Yoweri Museveni)・南スーダン(Salva Kiir Mayardit)の首脳がビデオ会議を行ったと報道されました(EAC)。4か国首脳は、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックとの戦いの間も、国境を越えた物流が途絶えることがないよう、サプライチェーンの担い手であるドライバーの検査状況などの情報共有を含めて協力体制をとることについて共同声明を出しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの決定の背景には、ウガンダで1,478人のトラック運転手を対象とした検査で4人の新たな感染者のうち、2名のウガンダ人に加え、残りの2名がケニア人・タンザニア人であったとの報告があります(africanews)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E首脳らは、EACが協調介入を行い、各国の保健・運輸担当省等の調整を通じ、医療品や食料などの物流が滞りなく行われるよう、ドライバーに対するデジタル監視・追跡システムの導入を含め、協力していくことを明言しました。さらに、首脳らは、現在のパンデミック、そしてポストCOVID-19を見据え、農民による農業活動が中断されることなく継続されるよう配慮し、農業加工・付加価値化を支援することを表明しました。COVID-19の負の影響を和らげるため、地域レベルでの輸入代替（輸入に頼っていたような食料を、部分的あるいは全面的に自給できるようにすること）を目指し、農業セクターの振興に努めることを強調しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一方、この会議には、EAC加盟国であるタンザニア大統領とブルンジ大統領の参加はありませんでした。タンザニアはパンデミックに対し他国とは一線を画し、経済活動規制等を行わない政策をとっているとのことです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFRICATIMES. EAC states to monitor truck drivers, borders in response to COVID By AT editor - 12 May 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://africatimes.com/2020/05/12/eac-states-to-monitor-truck-drivers-borders-in-response-to-covid/\u0022\u003Ehttps://africatimes.com/2020/05/12/eac-states-to-monitor-truck-drivers-borders-in-response-to-covid/\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eafricanews. Coronavirus - Africa: Free Movement of Goods, Fight against COVID-19 Key Agenda as East African Community (EAC) Leaders Meet \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.africanews.com/2020/05/12/coronavirus-africa-free-movement-of-goods-fight-against-covid-19-key-agenda-as-east-african-community-eac-leaders-meet/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.africanews.com/2020/05/12/coronavirus-africa-free-movement-of-goods-fight-against-covid-19-key-agenda-as-east-african-community-eac-leaders-meet/\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY (EAC) HEADS OF STATE CONSULTATIVE MEETING OF THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY COMMUNIQUÉ. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.eac.int/communique/1725-communiqu%C3%A9-heads-of-state-consultative-meeting-of-the-east-african-community\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.eac.int/communique/1725-communiqu%C3%A9-heads-of-state-consultative-meeting-of-the-east-african-community\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe East African Community (EAC) is is an intergovernmental organisation composed of six countries of the East African countries of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan. Among these EAC countries, only Kenya and Tanzania have coastlines, whereas Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan are landlocked countries, and cross-border logistics of lifeline including food, fuel, and medical products are part of the national economy.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn May 12, 2020, it was reported that among the presidents of the six EAC countries, Presidents Paul Kagame (Rwanda), Uhuru Kenyatta (Kenya), Yoweri Museveni (Uganda), and Salva Kiir Mayardit (South Sudan) held a video conference and issued a joint statement regarding their commitment to collaborate in dealing with COVID-19. Leaders of the four countries have agreed to share information such as the test results of drivers who are responsible for the supply chain so that logistics across borders will not be interrupted during the fight against COVID-19 pandemic.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe decision was made as Uganda announced 4 new COVID-19 cases among 1,478 truck drivers including 2 from Kenya\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and Tanzania (Africanews).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe leaders agreed to designate the Ministry of Health and Transportation in each country to coordinate measures including the introduction of a digital surveillance and tracking system for drivers so that the distribution of medical products and food can be carried out smoothly. Furthermore, in view of the current pandemic and post-COVID-19, the leaders announced that they would support agricultural processing and value-adding by ensuring that farmers\u0027 agricultural activities continue uninterrupted. In order to mitigate the negative impact of COVID-19, the leaders emphasized efforts to promote the agricultural sector, aiming for import substitution at the regional level (making foods that were dependent on imports partially or fully self-sufficient).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, the meeting was not attended by the Presidents of Tanzania and Burundi. It is said that Tanzania has pursued different approaches to the pandemic from other countries and not restricted economic activities.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFRICATIMES. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://africatimes.com/2020/05/12/eac-states-to-monitor-truck-drivers-borders-in-response-to-covid/\u0022\u003EEAC states to monitor truck drivers, borders in response to COVID\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAfricanews. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.africanews.com/2020/05/12/coronavirus-africa-free-movement-of-goods-fight-against-covid-19-key-agenda-as-east-african-community-eac-leaders-meet/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus - Africa: Free Movement of Goods, Fight against COVID-19 Key Agenda as East African Community (EAC) Leaders Meet\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.eac.int/communique/1725-communiqu%C3%A9-heads-of-state-consultative-meeting-of-the-east-african-community\u0022\u003EEAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY (EAC) HEADS OF STATE CONSULTATIVE MEETING OF THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY COMMUNIQUÉ\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200513_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200602#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "37.Contributing to food security in Madagascar by developing rice cultivation technology that improves fertilizer use efficiency", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "37.Contributing to food security in Madagascar by developing rice cultivation technology that improves fertilizer use efficiency", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/madagascar#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Madagascar", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "マダガスカル", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Madagascar", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Madagascar is known for its rich ecosystem and rare flora and fauna, but it is less known that agriculture in this country is based on rice cultivation and rice consumption is more than twice as much rice as Japan. Meanwhile, rice productivity remains stagnant and has hindered poverty reduction in rural areas, making Madagascar one of the poorest countries in the world. Factors that impede rice productivity include the lack of money for fertilizer purchases due to poor farmers, and the poor nutrient environment resulting from weathered soil peculiar to Africa. Therefore, JIRCAS is conducting projects with local research institutes with the aim of developing technology that can improve rice productivity in a stable manner even under conditions where the nutrient supply from fertilizer and soil is small. As a recent research highlight, we developed a localized fertilizer management technique, phosphorus dipping that can efficiently increase rice yields under the typical rice-growing environment of the country.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Madagascar is known for its rich ecosystem and rare flora and fauna, but it is less known that agriculture in this country is based on rice cultivation and rice consumption is more than twice as much rice as Japan. Meanwhile, rice productivity remains stagnant and has hindered poverty reduction in rural areas, making Madagascar one of the poorest countries in the world. Factors that impede rice productivity include the lack of money for fertilizer purchases due to poor farmers, and the poor nutrient environment resulting from weathered soil peculiar to Africa. Therefore, JIRCAS is conducting projects with local research institutes with the aim of developing technology that can improve rice productivity in a stable manner even under conditions where the nutrient supply from fertilizer and soil is small. As a recent research highlight, we developed a localized fertilizer management technique, phosphorus dipping that can efficiently increase rice yields under the typical rice-growing environment of the country.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EMadagascar, located about 400 km east of the African continent, is known for its rich ecosystem and rare flora and fauna, and nearly 80% of the flora and fauna that inhabit the island are\u0026nbsp;endemic species. However, the fact that agriculture in this country is based on rice cultivation and that rice cultivation is closely related to people\u0027s lives\u0026nbsp;is not well known. Rice\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;a staple food and\u0026nbsp;Malagasy people\u0026nbsp;have high preference for rice as in Southeast and East Asian countries.\u0026nbsp;In fact, per capita rice consumption in Madagascar exceeds 100\u0026nbsp;kg per year, more than double that of Japan. On the other hand, rice productivity remains stagnant to date, hindering the food security\u0026nbsp;and poverty reduction for the majority of the populations in rural areas. As a result, Madagascar is one of the world\u0027s poorest countries, with 77% of its population living on less than $1.9 a day. In order to overcome this situation, Madagascar is working on various policies, andone of the most important national strategy\u0026nbsp;is to\u0026nbsp;achieving rice self-sufficiency by 2023.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFactors that impede rice productivity include the\u0026nbsp;limited capacity of poor farmers to purchase\u0026nbsp;and the the\u0026nbsp;highly\u0026nbsp;weathered soils with low nutrients\u0026nbsp;peculiar to Africa. Therefore,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS, in collaboration\u0026nbsp;with the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;of Madagascar and research institutes of\u0026nbsp;Madagascar, started the project “Breakthrough in Nutrient Use Efficiency for Rice by Genetic Improvement and Fertility Sensing Techniques in Africa”\u0026nbsp;commonly known as\u0026nbsp;the\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/satreps\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;FY VARY \u003C/a\u003Eproject\u0026nbsp;to promote the development of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;technology that can improve rice productivity in a stable manner even\u0026nbsp;with low\u0026nbsp;nutrients from fertilizer and soils.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/satreps\u0022\u003EFY VARY\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;is a also a Malagasy word for\u0026nbsp;\u0022tasty\u0026nbsp;rice” and stands\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;“FertilitY sensing and Variety Amelioration for Rice Yield”. Our local collaborators have come up with\u0026nbsp;this\u0026nbsp;project name\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;is familiar to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Madagascar.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis project involves not only researchers in technological development of soils, remote sensing, breeding, crop\u0026nbsp;management, molecular biology, but also experts in agricultural economics and psychology. This is because the project also aims to evaluate\u0026nbsp;the impact of increased rice productivity on farmers\u0027 income and nutrition, the\u0026nbsp;interest among\u0026nbsp;farmers\u0026nbsp;in adopting\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;new technology, and the network between farmers to which the technologies are transmitted. In addition, we are striving to develop technology in line with local needs and the environment by promoting activities centered on experiments and surveys on farm fields and holding farmers\u0027 meetings to reflect the opinions of farmers. Although experiments and surveys in rural areas of developing countries have various difficulties, we believe that these efforts will lead to the smooth transfer of the developed technology to the beneficiaries, which will lead to an impact on the local community.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a recent research highlight, we\u0026nbsp;issued a\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/release/2020/press202001\u0022\u003Epress release\u003C/a\u003E regarding the results of phosphorus\u0026nbsp;dipping\u0026nbsp;treatment\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;improving\u0026nbsp;the fertilizer use efficiency and yield of rice\u0026nbsp;in Madagascar. This\u0026nbsp;technology\u0026nbsp;involvesdipping\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;roots of\u0026nbsp;rice\u0026nbsp;seedlings for about 30 minutes in a mud-like\u0026nbsp;mixture\u0026nbsp;(slurry) of phosphorus fertilizer and paddy soil, and is easy to practice even for small-scale farmers. On-farm field\u0026nbsp;trials\u0026nbsp;in Madagascar\u0026nbsp;showed\u0026nbsp;that the yield of rice can be significantly improved with less fertilizer. In addition,\u0026nbsp;the number of days from transplanting to maturity is shortened thereby\u0026nbsp;avoiding low temperature stress\u0026nbsp;during the reproductive growth stage. This achievement has been widely covered by\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;local media in Madagascar, and\u0026nbsp;increased the\u0026nbsp;interest\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;farmers, government agencies, fertilizer companies, etc. In the future, we would like to promote activities for the dissemination of technology while strengthening cooperation with these parties.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELocated in the Southern Hemisphere,\u0026nbsp;rice in\u0026nbsp;Madagascar\u0026nbsp;is currently in full bloom. However,\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19, researchers from\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;and from Madagascar\u0026nbsp;are restricted from\u0026nbsp;visiting the\u0026nbsp;rural areas. Even with all the difficulties under the\u0026nbsp;circumstance, local technicians and farmers are trying to continue harvest\u0026nbsp;evaluations\u0026nbsp;in the experimental fields. In order to respond to their efforts, we are currently preparing\u0026nbsp;to hit the ground and\u0026nbsp;begin immediately as soon as local activities resume.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: TSUJIMOTO Yasuhiro (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EMadagascar, located about 400 km east of the African continent, is known for its rich ecosystem and rare flora and fauna, and nearly 80% of the flora and fauna that inhabit the island are\u0026nbsp;endemic species. However, the fact that agriculture in this country is based on rice cultivation and that rice cultivation is closely related to people\u0027s lives\u0026nbsp;is not well known. Rice\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;a staple food and\u0026nbsp;Malagasy people\u0026nbsp;have high preference for rice as in Southeast and East Asian countries.\u0026nbsp;In fact, per capita rice consumption in Madagascar exceeds 100\u0026nbsp;kg per year, more than double that of Japan. On the other hand, rice productivity remains stagnant to date, hindering the food security\u0026nbsp;and poverty reduction for the majority of the populations in rural areas. As a result, Madagascar is one of the world\u0027s poorest countries, with 77% of its population living on less than $1.9 a day. In order to overcome this situation, Madagascar is working on various policies, andone of the most important national strategy\u0026nbsp;is to\u0026nbsp;achieving rice self-sufficiency by 2023.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFactors that impede rice productivity include the\u0026nbsp;limited capacity of poor farmers to purchase\u0026nbsp;and the the\u0026nbsp;highly\u0026nbsp;weathered soils with low nutrients\u0026nbsp;peculiar to Africa. Therefore,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS, in collaboration\u0026nbsp;with the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;of Madagascar and research institutes of\u0026nbsp;Madagascar, started the project “Breakthrough in Nutrient Use Efficiency for Rice by Genetic Improvement and Fertility Sensing Techniques in Africa”\u0026nbsp;commonly known as\u0026nbsp;the\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/satreps\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;FY VARY \u003C/a\u003Eproject\u0026nbsp;to promote the development of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;technology that can improve rice productivity in a stable manner even\u0026nbsp;with low\u0026nbsp;nutrients from fertilizer and soils.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/satreps\u0022\u003EFY VARY\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;is a also a Malagasy word for\u0026nbsp;\u0022tasty\u0026nbsp;rice” and stands\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;“FertilitY sensing and Variety Amelioration for Rice Yield”. Our local collaborators have come up with\u0026nbsp;this\u0026nbsp;project name\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;is familiar to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Madagascar.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis project involves not only researchers in technological development of soils, remote sensing, breeding, crop\u0026nbsp;management, molecular biology, but also experts in agricultural economics and psychology. This is because the project also aims to evaluate\u0026nbsp;the impact of increased rice productivity on farmers\u0027 income and nutrition, the\u0026nbsp;interest among\u0026nbsp;farmers\u0026nbsp;in adopting\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;new technology, and the network between farmers to which the technologies are transmitted. In addition, we are striving to develop technology in line with local needs and the environment by promoting activities centered on experiments and surveys on farm fields and holding farmers\u0027 meetings to reflect the opinions of farmers. Although experiments and surveys in rural areas of developing countries have various difficulties, we believe that these efforts will lead to the smooth transfer of the developed technology to the beneficiaries, which will lead to an impact on the local community.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a recent research highlight, we\u0026nbsp;issued a\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/release/2020/press202001\u0022\u003Epress release\u003C/a\u003E regarding the results of phosphorus\u0026nbsp;dipping\u0026nbsp;treatment\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;improving\u0026nbsp;the fertilizer use efficiency and yield of rice\u0026nbsp;in Madagascar. This\u0026nbsp;technology\u0026nbsp;involvesdipping\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;roots of\u0026nbsp;rice\u0026nbsp;seedlings for about 30 minutes in a mud-like\u0026nbsp;mixture\u0026nbsp;(slurry) of phosphorus fertilizer and paddy soil, and is easy to practice even for small-scale farmers. On-farm field\u0026nbsp;trials\u0026nbsp;in Madagascar\u0026nbsp;showed\u0026nbsp;that the yield of rice can be significantly improved with less fertilizer. In addition,\u0026nbsp;the number of days from transplanting to maturity is shortened thereby\u0026nbsp;avoiding low temperature stress\u0026nbsp;during the reproductive growth stage. This achievement has been widely covered by\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;local media in Madagascar, and\u0026nbsp;increased the\u0026nbsp;interest\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;farmers, government agencies, fertilizer companies, etc. In the future, we would like to promote activities for the dissemination of technology while strengthening cooperation with these parties.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELocated in the Southern Hemisphere,\u0026nbsp;rice in\u0026nbsp;Madagascar\u0026nbsp;is currently in full bloom. However,\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19, researchers from\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;and from Madagascar\u0026nbsp;are restricted from\u0026nbsp;visiting the\u0026nbsp;rural areas. Even with all the difficulties under the\u0026nbsp;circumstance, local technicians and farmers are trying to continue harvest\u0026nbsp;evaluations\u0026nbsp;in the experimental fields. In order to respond to their efforts, we are currently preparing\u0026nbsp;to hit the ground and\u0026nbsp;begin immediately as soon as local activities resume.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: TSUJIMOTO Yasuhiro (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200514#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "37.養分利用に優れた稲作技術開発でマダガスカルの食料安全保障に貢献", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "37.Contributing to food security in Madagascar by developing rice cultivation technology that improves fertilizer use efficiency", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/madagascar#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Madagascar", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "マダガスカル", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Madagascar", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "マダガスカルは、豊かな生態系や珍しい動植物で知られていますが、この国の農業は稲作を基盤とし、日本の2倍以上のコメが消費されています。一方で、イネの生産性は停滞しており、農村地域の貧困削減を妨げてきた結果、マダガスカルは世界の最貧国の一つにとどまっています。イネの生産性を阻害する要因として、農家が貧しいために肥料を購入する資金が少ないこと、アフリカ特有の風化土壌に起因する乏しい養分環境をもつことが挙げられます。そこで、国際農研は、肥料と土壌からの養分供給が少ない条件でも安定的にイネの生産性を改善できる技術開発を目指し、現地研究機関とプロジェクトを実施しています。最近の研究ハイライトとして、少ないリン肥料でイネの収量を大幅に改善できることを現地農家圃場で実証しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Madagascar is known for its rich ecosystem and rare flora and fauna, but it is less known that agriculture in this country is based on rice cultivation and rice consumption is more than twice as much rice as Japan. Meanwhile, rice productivity remains stagnant and has hindered poverty reduction in rural areas, making Madagascar one of the poorest countries in the world. Factors that impede rice productivity include the lack of money for fertilizer purchases due to poor farmers, and the poor nutrient environment resulting from weathered soil peculiar to Africa. Therefore, JIRCAS is conducting projects with local research institutes with the aim of developing technology that can improve rice productivity in a stable manner even under conditions where the nutrient supply from fertilizer and soil is small. As a recent research highlight, we developed a localized fertilizer management technique, phosphorus dipping that can efficiently increase rice yields under the typical rice-growing environment of the country.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ大陸から約400km東に位置するマダガスカルは、豊かな生態系や珍しい動植物で知られ、島に生息する8割近い動植物がここにしか見られない固有種と言われています。しかし、この国の農業が稲作を基盤とし、稲作が人々の生活に密着していること、そして彼らが東南アジアや東アジア諸国と同様に、コメを主食にし、コメに対する高い嗜好性をもつことはあまり知られていません。実際に、マダガスカルの一人当たりの年間のコメ消費量は100㎏を超え、日本人の2倍以上となっています。一方で、イネの生産性は、今日まで停滞しており、主食であるコメの安定供給と多くの人口をかかえる農村地域の貧困削減を妨げています。その結果、マダガスカルは、国民の77%が1日1.9ドル未満で暮らす世界の最貧国の一つに数えられます。こうした状況を打破するために、マダガスカルは、2023年までのコメの自給達成を最も重要な国家戦略の一つに掲げて、様々な政策に取り組んでいます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eイネの生産性を阻害する要因として、農家が貧しいために肥料を購入する資金が少ないこと、アフリカ特有の風化土壌に起因する乏しい養分環境をもつことが挙げられます。そこで、国際農研は、肥料と土壌からの養分供給が少ない条件でも安定的にイネの生産性を改善できる技術開発を目指して、マダガスカル農業畜産水産省および同国の研究機関と共同で、「肥沃度センシング技術と養分欠乏耐性系統の開発を統合したアフリカ稲作における養分利用効率の飛躍的向上」（研究代表者：辻本泰弘）、通称、FY VARY（フィ・ヴァリ）プロジェクトを開始しました。https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/satreps\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFY VARY（フィ・ヴァリ）は、FertilitY\u0026nbsp;sensing and\u0026nbsp;Variety\u0026nbsp;Amelioration for\u0026nbsp;Rice\u0026nbsp;Yieldの略ですが、マダガスカル語で「良いお米」を意味します。マダガスカルの人々にも馴染みやすいプロジェクト名を現地の共同研究者が考えてくれました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本プロジェクトには、土壌、リモートセンシング、育種、作物、分子生物などの技術開発に携わる研究者のみならず、農業経済や心理学の専門家も参画しています。イネの生産性向上が農家の所得や栄養改善に及ぼす影響や、新しい技術を受け入れる農家の特性、技術が伝播される農家間のネットークを明らかにするためです。また、農家圃場での実験と調査を中心に活動を進め、農民集会を開催して農家の意見を反映させるなど、地域のニーズや環境に即した技術開発に努めています。途上国の農村地域における実験や調査には様々な困難がともないますが、こうした取り組みにより、開発された技術がスムーズに受益者である農家に届けられ、地域社会へのインパクトに繋がると考えています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E最近の研究ハイライトとして、リン浸漬処理技術に関する成果をプレスリリースしました。\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/release/2020/press202001\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/release/2020/press202001\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれは、リン肥料（重過リン酸石灰）と水田土壌を混合した泥状の液体（スラリー）に苗の根を30分程度浸してから移植する、小規模農家にも実践しやすい局所施肥技術の一つです。同技術により、少ない肥料でイネの収量を大幅に改善できること、この技術がイネの生育日数を短縮し生育後半の低温ストレス回避に有効であることをマダガスカルの農家圃場で実証しました。本成果は、マダガスカルの現地メディアにも広く取り上げられ、農家、行政機関、肥料会社などの関心が高まっています。今後、これら関係者との連携を強化しながら、技術普及に向けた活動を進めていきたいと考えています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E南半球に位置するマダガスカルは、現在、イネの収穫真っ盛りです。しかし、新型コロナウイルス（COVID-19）の影響を受けて、国際農研の研究者もマダガスカルの研究者も農村地域にいけない歯がゆい状況が続いています。その中で、地域にいるテクニシャンや農家の方々が実験圃場での収穫調査を懸命に継続してくれています。こうした農村地域の方々の思いに答えるためにも、現地での活動が再開したらすぐにロケットスタートが切れるよう、今できる準備を進めています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：生産環境・畜産領域　辻本泰弘）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EMadagascar, located about 400 km east of the African continent, is known for its rich ecosystem and rare flora and fauna, and nearly 80% of the flora and fauna that inhabit the island are\u0026nbsp;endemic species. However, the fact that agriculture in this country is based on rice cultivation and that rice cultivation is closely related to people\u0027s lives\u0026nbsp;is not well known. Rice\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;a staple food and\u0026nbsp;Malagasy people\u0026nbsp;have high preference for rice as in Southeast and East Asian countries.\u0026nbsp;In fact, per capita rice consumption in Madagascar exceeds 100\u0026nbsp;kg per year, more than double that of Japan. On the other hand, rice productivity remains stagnant to date, hindering the food security\u0026nbsp;and poverty reduction for the majority of the populations in rural areas. As a result, Madagascar is one of the world\u0027s poorest countries, with 77% of its population living on less than $1.9 a day. In order to overcome this situation, Madagascar is working on various policies, andone of the most important national strategy\u0026nbsp;is to\u0026nbsp;achieving rice self-sufficiency by 2023.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFactors that impede rice productivity include the\u0026nbsp;limited capacity of poor farmers to purchase\u0026nbsp;and the the\u0026nbsp;highly\u0026nbsp;weathered soils with low nutrients\u0026nbsp;peculiar to Africa. Therefore,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS, in collaboration\u0026nbsp;with the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;of Madagascar and research institutes of\u0026nbsp;Madagascar, started the project “Breakthrough in Nutrient Use Efficiency for Rice by Genetic Improvement and Fertility Sensing Techniques in Africa”\u0026nbsp;commonly known as\u0026nbsp;the\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/satreps\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;FY VARY \u003C/a\u003Eproject\u0026nbsp;to promote the development of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;technology that can improve rice productivity in a stable manner even\u0026nbsp;with low\u0026nbsp;nutrients from fertilizer and soils.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/satreps\u0022\u003EFY VARY\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;is a also a Malagasy word for\u0026nbsp;\u0022tasty\u0026nbsp;rice” and stands\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;“FertilitY sensing and Variety Amelioration for Rice Yield”. Our local collaborators have come up with\u0026nbsp;this\u0026nbsp;project name\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;is familiar to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Madagascar.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis project involves not only researchers in technological development of soils, remote sensing, breeding, crop\u0026nbsp;management, molecular biology, but also experts in agricultural economics and psychology. This is because the project also aims to evaluate\u0026nbsp;the impact of increased rice productivity on farmers\u0027 income and nutrition, the\u0026nbsp;interest among\u0026nbsp;farmers\u0026nbsp;in adopting\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;new technology, and the network between farmers to which the technologies are transmitted. In addition, we are striving to develop technology in line with local needs and the environment by promoting activities centered on experiments and surveys on farm fields and holding farmers\u0027 meetings to reflect the opinions of farmers. Although experiments and surveys in rural areas of developing countries have various difficulties, we believe that these efforts will lead to the smooth transfer of the developed technology to the beneficiaries, which will lead to an impact on the local community.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a recent research highlight, we\u0026nbsp;issued a\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/release/2020/press202001\u0022\u003Epress release\u003C/a\u003E regarding the results of phosphorus\u0026nbsp;dipping\u0026nbsp;treatment\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;improving\u0026nbsp;the fertilizer use efficiency and yield of rice\u0026nbsp;in Madagascar. This\u0026nbsp;technology\u0026nbsp;involvesdipping\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;roots of\u0026nbsp;rice\u0026nbsp;seedlings for about 30 minutes in a mud-like\u0026nbsp;mixture\u0026nbsp;(slurry) of phosphorus fertilizer and paddy soil, and is easy to practice even for small-scale farmers. On-farm field\u0026nbsp;trials\u0026nbsp;in Madagascar\u0026nbsp;showed\u0026nbsp;that the yield of rice can be significantly improved with less fertilizer. In addition,\u0026nbsp;the number of days from transplanting to maturity is shortened thereby\u0026nbsp;avoiding low temperature stress\u0026nbsp;during the reproductive growth stage. This achievement has been widely covered by\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;local media in Madagascar, and\u0026nbsp;increased the\u0026nbsp;interest\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;farmers, government agencies, fertilizer companies, etc. In the future, we would like to promote activities for the dissemination of technology while strengthening cooperation with these parties.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELocated in the Southern Hemisphere,\u0026nbsp;rice in\u0026nbsp;Madagascar\u0026nbsp;is currently in full bloom. However,\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19, researchers from\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;and from Madagascar\u0026nbsp;are restricted from\u0026nbsp;visiting the\u0026nbsp;rural areas. Even with all the difficulties under the\u0026nbsp;circumstance, local technicians and farmers are trying to continue harvest\u0026nbsp;evaluations\u0026nbsp;in the experimental fields. In order to respond to their efforts, we are currently preparing\u0026nbsp;to hit the ground and\u0026nbsp;begin immediately as soon as local activities resume.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: TSUJIMOTO Yasuhiro (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200514_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200608#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "38. New Coronavirus Pandemic ー FAO May 2020 Food Price Trends", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "38. New Coronavirus Pandemic ー FAO May 2020 Food Price Trends", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a global economic downturn. While the grain market has sufficient inventories worldwideenough to avoid a critical price hike at this stage, stilltill the international community needs to closely monitor policy changes by food exporters. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report) on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels, providing a detailed information on the circumstances in countries where price increases are observed. According to the May 2020 preliminary report, wheat and rice prices have risen and maize prices have fallen in April 2020 compared to the previous month.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a global economic downturn. While the grain market has sufficient inventories worldwideenough to avoid a critical price hike at this stage, stilltill the international community needs to closely monitor policy changes by food exporters. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report) on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels, providing a detailed information on the circumstances in countries where price increases are observed. According to the May 2020 preliminary report, wheat and rice prices have risen and maize prices have fallen in April 2020 compared to the previous month.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) pandemic is causing a global economic downturn. While the grain market has sufficient inventories worldwide enough to avoid a critical price hike at this stage, still the international community needs to closely monitor policy changes by food exporters. (Pick Up 9, 24, 27).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report) on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels,\u0026nbsp;providing a\u0026nbsp;detailed information on the circumstances in countries where price increases are observed.\u0026nbsp;Below is an overview of the May 2020 preliminary report.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2020, in the Black Sea region, wheat export prices increased 7% compared to a month ago due to strong international demand amid export restrictions. In the US, it increased by 2% compared to March and 9% compared to the same period in 2019. In the United States, upward pressure has been\u0026nbsp;somewhat limited\u0026nbsp;due to a slower pace of exports, but strong shipments is pushing up prices in the EU and the Black Sea region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the case of\u0026nbsp;maize, the benchmark price US maize fell 10% from the previous month, which is the lowest price for 10 years. Large global supply and good production prospects in South America are putting downward pressure on prices. In addition, sluggish demand for biofuels and livestock feed has also given further pressures on prices. Among the major exporters, Ukraine has relatively stable export prices, but large exports in early April have complemented the decline in foreign demand in late April.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the case of\u0026nbsp;rice, international prices increased due to temporary export restrictions by some exporting countries and stagnation of logistics. In April, FAO\u0027s All Rice Price Index (2002-2004 = 100) rose by 7%, marking the highest price since December 2011. At the end of March, Vietnam announced that it would suspend new exports, followed by Cambodia\u0027s report of a ban on exports and Myanmar\u0027s suspension of issuing new export licenses, leading to a sharp rise in Asian Indica rice prices in early April. Distribution restrictions due to quarantine in India and other countries put a further pressure on prices, but Vietnam finally settled down because the restrictions on exports were finally abolished from India and quarantine restrictions were lifted in India. In the United States, crop losses and strong exports have pushed the Indica price to the level since August 2013, but in major South American export countries, price increases are limited due to harvest and exchange trends.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9086en/ca9086en.pdf\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u0026nbsp;Bulletin #4\u003C/a\u003E. May 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 24. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Report: Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 27. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200503\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― IFPRI Dashboard: Tracking the Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Food Market\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) pandemic is causing a global economic downturn. While the grain market has sufficient inventories worldwide enough to avoid a critical price hike at this stage, still the international community needs to closely monitor policy changes by food exporters. (Pick Up 9, 24, 27).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report) on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels,\u0026nbsp;providing a\u0026nbsp;detailed information on the circumstances in countries where price increases are observed.\u0026nbsp;Below is an overview of the May 2020 preliminary report.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2020, in the Black Sea region, wheat export prices increased 7% compared to a month ago due to strong international demand amid export restrictions. In the US, it increased by 2% compared to March and 9% compared to the same period in 2019. In the United States, upward pressure has been\u0026nbsp;somewhat limited\u0026nbsp;due to a slower pace of exports, but strong shipments is pushing up prices in the EU and the Black Sea region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the case of\u0026nbsp;maize, the benchmark price US maize fell 10% from the previous month, which is the lowest price for 10 years. Large global supply and good production prospects in South America are putting downward pressure on prices. In addition, sluggish demand for biofuels and livestock feed has also given further pressures on prices. Among the major exporters, Ukraine has relatively stable export prices, but large exports in early April have complemented the decline in foreign demand in late April.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the case of\u0026nbsp;rice, international prices increased due to temporary export restrictions by some exporting countries and stagnation of logistics. In April, FAO\u0027s All Rice Price Index (2002-2004 = 100) rose by 7%, marking the highest price since December 2011. At the end of March, Vietnam announced that it would suspend new exports, followed by Cambodia\u0027s report of a ban on exports and Myanmar\u0027s suspension of issuing new export licenses, leading to a sharp rise in Asian Indica rice prices in early April. Distribution restrictions due to quarantine in India and other countries put a further pressure on prices, but Vietnam finally settled down because the restrictions on exports were finally abolished from India and quarantine restrictions were lifted in India. In the United States, crop losses and strong exports have pushed the Indica price to the level since August 2013, but in major South American export countries, price increases are limited due to harvest and exchange trends.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9086en/ca9086en.pdf\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u0026nbsp;Bulletin #4\u003C/a\u003E. May 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 24. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Report: Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 27. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200503\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― IFPRI Dashboard: Tracking the Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Food Market\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200515#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "38. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 国連食糧農業機関 (FAO) 2020年5月食料価格動向速報 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "38. New Coronavirus Pandemic ー FAO May 2020 Food Price Trends", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックは、世界的な経済不況をもたらしています。穀物市場においては現段階では危機的な価格高騰は回避できていますが、国際社会では、刻々と変化する食料輸出国による政策の動きを含み、食料価格に影響を与える様々な要因をモニターしていく必要性の認識が共有されています。 国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、世界・地域・国レベルでの最新価格動向について、食料価格動向速報(Food Price Monitoring and Analysis: FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report)を公表し、とくに価格上昇が観察される国々の事情について詳細な情報を提供しています。2020年5月速報によると、2020年4月、前月に比べ、小麦価格とコメ価格は上昇、メイズ価格は下落しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a global economic downturn. While the grain market has sufficient inventories worldwideenough to avoid a critical price hike at this stage, stilltill the international community needs to closely monitor policy changes by food exporters. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report) on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels, providing a detailed information on the circumstances in countries where price increases are observed. According to the May 2020 preliminary report, wheat and rice prices have risen and maize prices have fallen in April 2020 compared to the previous month.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックは、世界的な経済不況をもたらしています。穀物市場においては世界的に十分な在庫が確保されていることから、現段階では危機的な価格高騰は回避できていますが、国際社会では、刻々と変化する食料輸出国による政策の動きを含み、食料価格に影響を与える様々な要因をモニターしていく必要性の認識が共有されています(Pick Up 9, 24, 27)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、世界・地域・国レベルでの最新価格動向について、食料価格動向速報(Food Price Monitoring and Analysis: FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report)を公表し、とくに価格上昇が観察される国々の事情について詳細な情報を提供しています。 以下、2020年5月速報の概要を紹介します。\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月、黒海地域においては、輸出規制が実施される中、旺盛な国際需要を受けて、小麦輸出価格は一か月前に比べて7%上昇しました。アメリカでは3月に比べて2％、2019年の同時期に比べて9％上昇しました。アメリカでは輸出のペースが遅れ気味であることから上昇圧力は抑えられていますが、EUと黒海地域では旺盛な輸送が価格を押し上げています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eメイズに関しては、ベンチマーク価格であるUSメイズが前月に比べて10％下落し、10年来の安値となりました。世界的に十分な供給があり、また現在収穫中である南米での生産見通しが価格に下落圧力をかけています。加えて、バイオ燃料や家畜飼料への需要低迷も拍車をかけています。主要な輸出国の中でも、ウクライナでは、輸出価格は比較的安定していますが、4月初旬の大型輸出が4月後半の外国需要の落ち込みを補完している形になっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eコメに関しては、一部輸出国による一時的な輸出規制や物流の停滞を受けて、国際価格は上昇しました。4月、FAOの全コメ価格指標(2002-2004=100)は7％上昇し、2011年12月来の高値を付けました。3月末にベトナムが新規輸出を一時停止するとの発表に、カンボジアによる輸出の禁止の報道、ミャンマーによる新規輸出ライセンス発行の停止が続き、4月初頭のアジアインディカ米価格の高騰につながりました。インドなどにおける検疫による流通の制約がさらに価格上昇圧力となりましたが、ベトナムが最終的に輸出規制を緩和から最終的に廃止し、インドでも検疫制約が解消することで落ち着きました。アメリカでは減作や旺盛な輸出がインディカ価格を2013年8月以来の水準に押し上げましたが、主要な南米輸出国では収穫と為替の動向で価格上昇は限定的です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. Food Price and Monitoring Analysis. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u003C/a\u003E Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. FPAM (Food Price and Monitoring Analysis) Bulletin #4. May 12, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9086en/ca9086en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca9086en/ca9086en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 輸出規制・保護主義回避の必要性：2008年世界食料危機からの教訓\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 24. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　世界銀行報告：COVID-19の一次産品商品市場への影響 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 27. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　IFPRIダッシュボード: COVID-19輸出規制による世界食料市場への影響追跡 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200503\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200503\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) pandemic is causing a global economic downturn. While the grain market has sufficient inventories worldwide enough to avoid a critical price hike at this stage, still the international community needs to closely monitor policy changes by food exporters. (Pick Up 9, 24, 27).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report) on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels,\u0026nbsp;providing a\u0026nbsp;detailed information on the circumstances in countries where price increases are observed.\u0026nbsp;Below is an overview of the May 2020 preliminary report.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2020, in the Black Sea region, wheat export prices increased 7% compared to a month ago due to strong international demand amid export restrictions. In the US, it increased by 2% compared to March and 9% compared to the same period in 2019. In the United States, upward pressure has been\u0026nbsp;somewhat limited\u0026nbsp;due to a slower pace of exports, but strong shipments is pushing up prices in the EU and the Black Sea region.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the case of\u0026nbsp;maize, the benchmark price US maize fell 10% from the previous month, which is the lowest price for 10 years. Large global supply and good production prospects in South America are putting downward pressure on prices. In addition, sluggish demand for biofuels and livestock feed has also given further pressures on prices. Among the major exporters, Ukraine has relatively stable export prices, but large exports in early April have complemented the decline in foreign demand in late April.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the case of\u0026nbsp;rice, international prices increased due to temporary export restrictions by some exporting countries and stagnation of logistics. In April, FAO\u0027s All Rice Price Index (2002-2004 = 100) rose by 7%, marking the highest price since December 2011. At the end of March, Vietnam announced that it would suspend new exports, followed by Cambodia\u0027s report of a ban on exports and Myanmar\u0027s suspension of issuing new export licenses, leading to a sharp rise in Asian Indica rice prices in early April. Distribution restrictions due to quarantine in India and other countries put a further pressure on prices, but Vietnam finally settled down because the restrictions on exports were finally abolished from India and quarantine restrictions were lifted in India. In the United States, crop losses and strong exports have pushed the Indica price to the level since August 2013, but in major South American export countries, price increases are limited due to harvest and exchange trends.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on May 13, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9086en/ca9086en.pdf\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u0026nbsp;Bulletin #4\u003C/a\u003E. May 12, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 9. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200402\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Avoiding Export Control and Protectionism: Lessons from the 2008 World Food Crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 24. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200426_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― World Bank Report: Implications of COVID-19 for Commodities\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 27. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200503\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― IFPRI Dashboard: Tracking the Impact of COVID-19 on the Global Food Market\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200515_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200611#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "39. 2020 Global Nutrition Report: Action on equity to end malnutrition", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "39. 2020 Global Nutrition Report: Action on equity to end malnutrition", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The 2020 Global Nutrition Report was released on May 12, 2020 during the time COVID-19 continues to spread around the world. The subtitle of this year\u0027s report highlights the impact of inequity in ending all forms of malnutrition, noting that currently, 1 in 9 people are undernourished and 1 in 3 people are overweight. The report was written before the COVID-19 crisis but the pandemic was also mentioned in the foreword in the context that good nutrition is a very important element of defense against COVID-19, thereby calling on governments, businesses and civil society to step up efforts to address all forms of malnutrition.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 2020 Global Nutrition Report was released on May 12, 2020 during the time COVID-19 continues to spread around the world. The subtitle of this year\u0027s report highlights the impact of inequity in ending all forms of malnutrition, noting that currently, 1 in 9 people are undernourished and 1 in 3 people are overweight. The report was written before the COVID-19 crisis but the pandemic was also mentioned in the foreword in the context that good nutrition is a very important element of defense against COVID-19, thereby calling on governments, businesses and civil society to step up efforts to address all forms of malnutrition.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 2020 Global Nutrition Report\u0026nbsp;was released on May 12, 2020 during the time COVID-19 continues to spread around the world.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;Global\u0026nbsp;Nutrition Report\u0026nbsp;was initially published\u0026nbsp;to track and evaluate the commitments\u0026nbsp;made by\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;stakeholders at the\u0026nbsp;Nutrition\u0026nbsp;and Growth Initiative\u0026nbsp;Summit (N4G)\u0026nbsp;in 2013. It conducts independent\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;data-driven assessments\u0026nbsp;of the state of global nutrition, complements data on nutrition which tend to be insufficient, and plays an important role in encouraging action to improve nutrition.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0027s report, like the previous ones, is the most comprehensive report presenting nutritional status at the global, regional and national levels,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;tracking the progress\u0026nbsp;towards the\u0026nbsp;goals in\u0026nbsp;international nutrition and commitment to reach\u0026nbsp;those goals. It combines in-depth analysis and expert opinion based on as much data as is available on malnutrition and suggests the actions necessary to reduce the nutrition gap. A communication toolkit is also provided.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EToday, many countries around the world have the dual burden of undernourishment and overweight.\u0026nbsp;According to the report,\u0026nbsp;1 in 9 people\u0026nbsp;worldwide\u0026nbsp;are undernourished and 1 in 3 people are overweight. Everyone has the right to a healthy, accessible diet and quality nutritional care, but in reality it is not always enjoyed due to issues such as access and price. Poor diet and the resulting malnutrition are not just a matter of personal choice.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe subtitle of this year\u0027s report is \u0022action on equity to end malnutrition\u0022\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;focuses\u0026nbsp;on equity in ending all forms of malnutrition. It reveals the effects of inequity. Pattern analysis at the global and national levels has shown that the disparities within and\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;groups are invisible, hiding the existence of the most vulnerable people. And to make food and health systems equitable, resilient and sustainable, to invest in nutrition (especially for the most vulnerable people), to cooperate internationally, To renew and extend its nutrition commitments and strengthen accountability.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report itself was edited before the new coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, but the foreword also mentions the pandemic. The new coronavirus has exposed vulnerabilities in food and health systems. The impacts are disproportionate and have a greater impact on already vulnerable people. Malnutrition reduces immunity and makes you more susceptible to infections. In addition, socio-economic implications can lead to malnutrition. Nutrition is a very important factor in having resilience to withstand global stress during emergencies and long-term response. As the world\u0027s food and health system is under threat, we call on governments, businesses and civil society to step up efforts to combat all forms of malnutrition.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDevelopment Initiatives. (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://globalnutritionreport.org/\u0022\u003E2020 Global Nutrition Report: Action on equity to end malnutrition\u003C/a\u003E. Bristol, UK. Accessed on May 15, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 2020 Global Nutrition Report\u0026nbsp;was released on May 12, 2020 during the time COVID-19 continues to spread around the world.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;Global\u0026nbsp;Nutrition Report\u0026nbsp;was initially published\u0026nbsp;to track and evaluate the commitments\u0026nbsp;made by\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;stakeholders at the\u0026nbsp;Nutrition\u0026nbsp;and Growth Initiative\u0026nbsp;Summit (N4G)\u0026nbsp;in 2013. It conducts independent\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;data-driven assessments\u0026nbsp;of the state of global nutrition, complements data on nutrition which tend to be insufficient, and plays an important role in encouraging action to improve nutrition.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0027s report, like the previous ones, is the most comprehensive report presenting nutritional status at the global, regional and national levels,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;tracking the progress\u0026nbsp;towards the\u0026nbsp;goals in\u0026nbsp;international nutrition and commitment to reach\u0026nbsp;those goals. It combines in-depth analysis and expert opinion based on as much data as is available on malnutrition and suggests the actions necessary to reduce the nutrition gap. A communication toolkit is also provided.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EToday, many countries around the world have the dual burden of undernourishment and overweight.\u0026nbsp;According to the report,\u0026nbsp;1 in 9 people\u0026nbsp;worldwide\u0026nbsp;are undernourished and 1 in 3 people are overweight. Everyone has the right to a healthy, accessible diet and quality nutritional care, but in reality it is not always enjoyed due to issues such as access and price. Poor diet and the resulting malnutrition are not just a matter of personal choice.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe subtitle of this year\u0027s report is \u0022action on equity to end malnutrition\u0022\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;focuses\u0026nbsp;on equity in ending all forms of malnutrition. It reveals the effects of inequity. Pattern analysis at the global and national levels has shown that the disparities within and\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;groups are invisible, hiding the existence of the most vulnerable people. And to make food and health systems equitable, resilient and sustainable, to invest in nutrition (especially for the most vulnerable people), to cooperate internationally, To renew and extend its nutrition commitments and strengthen accountability.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report itself was edited before the new coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, but the foreword also mentions the pandemic. The new coronavirus has exposed vulnerabilities in food and health systems. The impacts are disproportionate and have a greater impact on already vulnerable people. Malnutrition reduces immunity and makes you more susceptible to infections. In addition, socio-economic implications can lead to malnutrition. Nutrition is a very important factor in having resilience to withstand global stress during emergencies and long-term response. As the world\u0027s food and health system is under threat, we call on governments, businesses and civil society to step up efforts to combat all forms of malnutrition.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDevelopment Initiatives. (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://globalnutritionreport.org/\u0022\u003E2020 Global Nutrition Report: Action on equity to end malnutrition\u003C/a\u003E. Bristol, UK. Accessed on May 15, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200515_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "39. 2020年世界栄養報告：公正への活動で栄養不良に終止符を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "39. 2020 Global Nutrition Report: Action on equity to end malnutrition", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年世界栄養報告（2020 Global Nutrition Report）が発行されました。現在、世界で9人に1人が栄養不足であり、3人に1人が過体重です。今年の報告書の副題は、あらゆる形態の栄養不良を終わらせる上での不公正の影響を明らかにしています。報告書自体は新型コロナウイルス（COVID-19）前に編集されていますが、序文でパンデミックについても触れ、栄養はストレスへの強靭性を持つために非常に重要な要素であり、あらゆる形態の栄養不良に対する取り組みを強化するよう、政府、企業、市民社会に呼びかけています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The 2020 Global Nutrition Report was released on May 12, 2020 during the time COVID-19 continues to spread around the world. The subtitle of this year\u0027s report highlights the impact of inequity in ending all forms of malnutrition, noting that currently, 1 in 9 people are undernourished and 1 in 3 people are overweight. The report was written before the COVID-19 crisis but the pandemic was also mentioned in the foreword in the context that good nutrition is a very important element of defense against COVID-19, thereby calling on governments, businesses and civil society to step up efforts to address all forms of malnutrition.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年世界栄養報告（2020 Global Nutrition Report）が発行されました。世界栄養報告とは、2013年の栄養サミット（N4G）をきっかけに生まれた、各ステークホルダーのコミットメントを追跡評価するために作られた報告書です。データ主導による独立した評価を行っており、栄養に関する不足しがちなデータを補完し、世界の栄養にまつわる現状を示し、栄養改善のための行動を促す重要な役割を担っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今年の報告書も、これまでの報告書と同様に、世界、地域、国レベルでの栄養状態を提示する最も包括的な報告書となっており、国際栄養目標とその目標到達のためのコミットメントに対する進捗状況を追跡しています。栄養不良に関して入手できる限りのデータに基づいた掘り下げた分析と専門家の意見をまとめ、栄養の格差を縮小するために必要な行動を提示しています。また、コミュニケーションツールキットも提供されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現在、世界の多くの国は栄養不足と栄養過多の二重負荷を抱えています。世界で9人に1人が栄養不足であり、3人に1人が過体重です。すべての人々が、健康的で入手可能な食事をとり質の高い栄養ケアを受ける権利がありますが、実際にはアクセスや価格などの問題によって必ずしも享受できていません。貧相な食事やそれによって生じる栄養不良は、単なる個人の選択の問題ではないのです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今年の報告書の副題は「公正への活動で栄養不良に終止符を（action on equity to end malnutrition）」であり、特に公正という点に注目して、あらゆる形態の栄養不良を終わらせる上での不公正の影響を明らかにしています。世界や国レベルでのパターン分析では、国内や集団内の格差が見えず、最も影響を受ける弱い人たちの存在を隠してしまうことを示しました。そして、食料や健康のシステムを公平で強靭性をもった持続可能なものにしていくこと、（特に最も影響を受けやすい人々の）栄養に投資すること、国際的な協力を行うこと、この機会に栄養に関するコミットメントを更新・拡張し、説明責任を強化することなどを求めました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書自体は新型コロナウイルス（COVID-19）パンデミックの前に編集されていますが、序文でパンデミックについても触れています。新型コロナウイルスは食料や健康のシステムの脆弱性を露呈しました。その影響は不均衡であり、既に脆弱な人々により大きな影響を与えています。栄養不良は免疫力を低下させ、感染症にかかりやすくなります。さらに社会経済的な影響による栄養不良が引き起こされる可能性もあります。栄養は、緊急時また長期的な対応のなかで、世界的なストレスに耐えられる強靭性を持つために非常に重要な要素なのです。世界の食料・健康システムが脅威にさらされる中、あらゆる形態の栄養不良に対する取り組みを強化するよう、政府、企業、市民社会に呼びかけています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDevelopment Initiatives. (2020). 2020 Global Nutrition Report: Action on equity to end malnutrition. Bristol, UK. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://globalnutritionreport.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://globalnutritionreport.org/\u003C/a\u003E　Accessed on May 15, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe 2020 Global Nutrition Report\u0026nbsp;was released on May 12, 2020 during the time COVID-19 continues to spread around the world.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;Global\u0026nbsp;Nutrition Report\u0026nbsp;was initially published\u0026nbsp;to track and evaluate the commitments\u0026nbsp;made by\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;stakeholders at the\u0026nbsp;Nutrition\u0026nbsp;and Growth Initiative\u0026nbsp;Summit (N4G)\u0026nbsp;in 2013. It conducts independent\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;data-driven assessments\u0026nbsp;of the state of global nutrition, complements data on nutrition which tend to be insufficient, and plays an important role in encouraging action to improve nutrition.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0027s report, like the previous ones, is the most comprehensive report presenting nutritional status at the global, regional and national levels,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;tracking the progress\u0026nbsp;towards the\u0026nbsp;goals in\u0026nbsp;international nutrition and commitment to reach\u0026nbsp;those goals. It combines in-depth analysis and expert opinion based on as much data as is available on malnutrition and suggests the actions necessary to reduce the nutrition gap. A communication toolkit is also provided.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EToday, many countries around the world have the dual burden of undernourishment and overweight.\u0026nbsp;According to the report,\u0026nbsp;1 in 9 people\u0026nbsp;worldwide\u0026nbsp;are undernourished and 1 in 3 people are overweight. Everyone has the right to a healthy, accessible diet and quality nutritional care, but in reality it is not always enjoyed due to issues such as access and price. Poor diet and the resulting malnutrition are not just a matter of personal choice.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe subtitle of this year\u0027s report is \u0022action on equity to end malnutrition\u0022\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;focuses\u0026nbsp;on equity in ending all forms of malnutrition. It reveals the effects of inequity. Pattern analysis at the global and national levels has shown that the disparities within and\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;groups are invisible, hiding the existence of the most vulnerable people. And to make food and health systems equitable, resilient and sustainable, to invest in nutrition (especially for the most vulnerable people), to cooperate internationally, To renew and extend its nutrition commitments and strengthen accountability.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report itself was edited before the new coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, but the foreword also mentions the pandemic. The new coronavirus has exposed vulnerabilities in food and health systems. The impacts are disproportionate and have a greater impact on already vulnerable people. Malnutrition reduces immunity and makes you more susceptible to infections. In addition, socio-economic implications can lead to malnutrition. Nutrition is a very important factor in having resilience to withstand global stress during emergencies and long-term response. As the world\u0027s food and health system is under threat, we call on governments, businesses and civil society to step up efforts to combat all forms of malnutrition.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDevelopment Initiatives. (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://globalnutritionreport.org/\u0022\u003E2020 Global Nutrition Report: Action on equity to end malnutrition\u003C/a\u003E. Bristol, UK. Accessed on May 15, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200515_ico_0.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200615_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "40. International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) ー COVID-19 Response Targeting African Agriculture and the Rural Poor ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "40. International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) ー COVID-19 Response Targeting African Agriculture and the Rural Poor ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The COVID-19 pandemic is a major blow to African agriculture and farmers. On May 14, 2020, special envoys of the International Agricultural Development Fund (IFAD), Olusegun Obasanjo, former President of Nigeria and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe, former Prime Minister of Ethiopia, published a blog entitled “COVID-19 response must target African agriculture and the rural poor\u0022.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The COVID-19 pandemic is a major blow to African agriculture and farmers. On May 14, 2020, special envoys of the International Agricultural Development Fund (IFAD), Olusegun Obasanjo, former President of Nigeria and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe, former Prime Minister of Ethiopia, published a blog entitled “COVID-19 response must target African agriculture and the rural poor\u0022.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19 pandemic is a major blow to African agriculture and farmers.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;International Agricultural Development Fund\u0026nbsp;(IFAD) published a blog entitled\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19\u0026nbsp;response must target\u0026nbsp;African agriculture and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;rural poor\u0022, co-authored by IFAD Special Envoys, Olusegun Obasanjo, former President of Nigeria and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe, former Prime Minister of Ethiopia who\u0026nbsp;are bothengaged\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;mobilizing\u0026nbsp;support and advocate for greater investment in rural areas\u0026nbsp;in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the blog:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough\u0026nbsp;Africa has so far\u0026nbsp;escaped\u0026nbsp;the worst health crisis from the COVID-19 pandemic, it\u0026nbsp;looks like it could be\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;worst hit from\u0026nbsp;the economic\u0026nbsp;fallout\u0026nbsp;of the crisis\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;80 million\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;could\u0026nbsp;be pushed\u0026nbsp;into\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;poverty\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;disruptions in\u0026nbsp;the food system.\u0026nbsp;In this crisis, the\u0026nbsp;international\u0026nbsp;development\u0026nbsp;agenda\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;prioritizes\u0026nbsp;on health, economics and infrastructure must also focus on food security, agribusiness and rural development.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to\u0026nbsp;United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, growth rate would drop from 3.2% to 1.8%\u0026nbsp;in 2020\u0026nbsp;due to lockdownswhich are\u0026nbsp;disrupting\u0026nbsp;inter-regional trade and affects food transport, shrinking the export market not only for food importing countries but also for farmers.\u0026nbsp;As the African governments\u0026nbsp;define\u0026nbsp;stimulus measures to mitigate the national and regional economic impact of COVID-19, it must be considered that\u0026nbsp;investment in agriculture is more than five times as effective in reducing poverty as investment in other areas. Investing in rural small-scale farming is critical to maintaining regional food security, the lives of the most vulnerable, and poverty reduction and wealth creation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn April, IFAD launched a multi-donor COVID-19 Rural Poor Stimulus Facility\u0026nbsp;(RPSF)\u0026nbsp;fund\u0026nbsp;to provide basic inputs to\u0026nbsp;small-scale farmers\u0026nbsp;holders and fishermen,\u0026nbsp;help them access\u0026nbsp;markets\u0026nbsp;and maintain\u0026nbsp;cash flow.\u0026nbsp;In the long\u0026nbsp;term, this pandemic underscores the need for Africa\u0026nbsp;to transform\u0026nbsp;agriculture and agribusiness\u0026nbsp;to ensure\u0026nbsp;inclusive\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;growth, wealth\u0026nbsp;generation\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;greater\u0026nbsp;resilience.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full text of the blog is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifad.org/en/web/latest/blog/asset/41913297\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://www.ifad.org/en/web/latest/blog/asset/41913297\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 response must target African agriculture and the rural poor.\u0026nbsp; May 14, 2020. By Olusegun Obasanjo, and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19 pandemic is a major blow to African agriculture and farmers.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;International Agricultural Development Fund\u0026nbsp;(IFAD) published a blog entitled\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19\u0026nbsp;response must target\u0026nbsp;African agriculture and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;rural poor\u0022, co-authored by IFAD Special Envoys, Olusegun Obasanjo, former President of Nigeria and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe, former Prime Minister of Ethiopia who\u0026nbsp;are bothengaged\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;mobilizing\u0026nbsp;support and advocate for greater investment in rural areas\u0026nbsp;in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the blog:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough\u0026nbsp;Africa has so far\u0026nbsp;escaped\u0026nbsp;the worst health crisis from the COVID-19 pandemic, it\u0026nbsp;looks like it could be\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;worst hit from\u0026nbsp;the economic\u0026nbsp;fallout\u0026nbsp;of the crisis\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;80 million\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;could\u0026nbsp;be pushed\u0026nbsp;into\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;poverty\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;disruptions in\u0026nbsp;the food system.\u0026nbsp;In this crisis, the\u0026nbsp;international\u0026nbsp;development\u0026nbsp;agenda\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;prioritizes\u0026nbsp;on health, economics and infrastructure must also focus on food security, agribusiness and rural development.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to\u0026nbsp;United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, growth rate would drop from 3.2% to 1.8%\u0026nbsp;in 2020\u0026nbsp;due to lockdownswhich are\u0026nbsp;disrupting\u0026nbsp;inter-regional trade and affects food transport, shrinking the export market not only for food importing countries but also for farmers.\u0026nbsp;As the African governments\u0026nbsp;define\u0026nbsp;stimulus measures to mitigate the national and regional economic impact of COVID-19, it must be considered that\u0026nbsp;investment in agriculture is more than five times as effective in reducing poverty as investment in other areas. Investing in rural small-scale farming is critical to maintaining regional food security, the lives of the most vulnerable, and poverty reduction and wealth creation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn April, IFAD launched a multi-donor COVID-19 Rural Poor Stimulus Facility\u0026nbsp;(RPSF)\u0026nbsp;fund\u0026nbsp;to provide basic inputs to\u0026nbsp;small-scale farmers\u0026nbsp;holders and fishermen,\u0026nbsp;help them access\u0026nbsp;markets\u0026nbsp;and maintain\u0026nbsp;cash flow.\u0026nbsp;In the long\u0026nbsp;term, this pandemic underscores the need for Africa\u0026nbsp;to transform\u0026nbsp;agriculture and agribusiness\u0026nbsp;to ensure\u0026nbsp;inclusive\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;growth, wealth\u0026nbsp;generation\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;greater\u0026nbsp;resilience.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full text of the blog is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifad.org/en/web/latest/blog/asset/41913297\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://www.ifad.org/en/web/latest/blog/asset/41913297\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 response must target African agriculture and the rural poor.\u0026nbsp; May 14, 2020. By Olusegun Obasanjo, and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200516#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "40. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―国際農業開発基金 (IFAD) - COVID-19 対策によるアフリカ農業と農村貧困層支援", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "40. International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) ー COVID-19 Response Targeting African Agriculture and the Rural Poor ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックは、アフリカ農業と農民に大きな打撃を与えています。2020年5月14日、国際農業開発基金の特使であるオルシェグン・オバサンジョ元ナイジェリア大統領とハイレマリアム・デサレン・ボシェ元エチオピア大統領は、「COVID-19対策はアフリカ農業と農村貧困層をターゲットとすべきである」と寄稿文を寄せました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The COVID-19 pandemic is a major blow to African agriculture and farmers. On May 14, 2020, special envoys of the International Agricultural Development Fund (IFAD), Olusegun Obasanjo, former President of Nigeria and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe, former Prime Minister of Ethiopia, published a blog entitled “COVID-19 response must target African agriculture and the rural poor\u0022.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックは、アフリカ農業と農民に大きな打撃を与えています。2020年5月14日、国際農業開発基金の特使であるオルシェグン・オバサンジョ元ナイジェリア大統領とハイレマリアム・デサレン・ボシェ元エチオピア大統領は、「COVID-19対策はアフリカ農業と農村貧困層をターゲットとすべきである(COVID-19 response must target African agriculture and the rural poor)」と寄稿文を寄せました。以下、その内容を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカは、COVID-19パンデミックによる最悪の保健上の危機を今のところは回避しています。しかし、アフリカ大陸は危機による経済破綻から最も影響を受けるとされ、もし対策を講じなければ、8000万人のアフリカ人が絶対的貧困に陥りかねないとされています。さらにフードシステムの寸断は、より多くの人々を飢餓状態に置きかねません。大多数が小規模農民である農村の人々はとりわけ危機に脆弱です。したがって、アフリカにおけるCOVID-19対応は農村貧困層の食料安全保障に取り組む必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今回の危機では、国際開発アジェンダは、保健・経済・インフラを優先しています。しかし食料安全保障・アグリビジネス・農村開発にも焦点を当てなければいけません。これはアフリカ大陸においてはとりわけ重要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農業はアフリカにおいて雇用の65％を生み出し、国内流通の75％を占めます（数字は本文まま）。しかしCOVID-19の影響により、食料安全保障と貧困撲滅の手段である農業の潜在性は危機に脅かされています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3月、国連アフリカ経済委員会は、2020年、アフリカの成長率が3.2%から1.8%に下落するとしました。ロックダウンは地域内交易を寸断し、食料輸送に影響を与え、食料輸入国のみならず、農民にとっての輸出市場の縮小し、懸念事項となっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカの青果物最大市場であるEUでは、ケニアのアボカド、南アフリカの柑橘類、モロッコの野菜などを含む農産物への需要が大きく落ち込みました。ケニアはイラン・パキスタン・UAE向けの茶輸出が8.5%下落しました。国内においても、小規模農民への種子や肥料、そして農家から市場への食料流通が滞っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ政府はCOVID-19の国・地域レベルの経済インパクトを緩和するための刺激策を検討しています。政府は、他の分野への投資に比べ、農業への投資が5倍以上の貧困削減効果を持つことに配慮すべきです。農村小規模農業への投資は、地域の食料安全保障、最も脆弱な人々の生活、そして貧困削減と富の創出を維持する上で、非常に重要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E小規模農民は世界の食料安全保障にも貢献しています。小規模農業を中心とするシステムは、世界の農地の30％の土地で50％のカロリー生産に貢献しています。農家の80％が小規模とされるサブサハラ・アフリカでは、小規模農業の役割はとりわけ重要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現在の危機前でさえ、世界的に8.2憶人の人々が飢えていました。世界の貧困層の殆どは途上国に暮らしています。アフリカでは、食料輸入への依存、小規模農家へのサービスやインフラの欠如、気候変動のショックが、食料アクセスの脆さを増幅しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4月、世界銀行は、パンデミックは世界のどの地域よりもアフリカに打撃を与えると予測し、2300万人の人々が貧困に陥ると予測しました。食料安全保障と生活維持のために、アフリカの小規模農民が、食料生産・販売に必要な投入財と金融アクセスをいかに確保するかが重要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4月、IFADは、マルチドナーによるCOVID-19農村貧困層刺激策ファシリテイ (Rural Poor Stimulus Facility RPSF)基金を立ち上げました。この基金は、小規模農家や漁民を対象に、投入財提供、市場へのアクセス確保、キャッシュフロー維持を支援します。IFADは新基金に4000万ドルを確保しましたが、国連加盟国や慈善団体・民間部門から追加的に少なくとも2億ドル調達することを目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E長期的に、このパンデミックは、包括的成長・富の創出・強靭性の強化の路線として、アフリカによる農業・アグリビジネス転換の必要性を裏付けるものです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19 response must target African agriculture and the rural poor.\u0026nbsp; May 14, 2020. By Olusegun Obasanjo, and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe, https://www.ifad.org/en/web/latest/blog/asset/41913297\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19 pandemic is a major blow to African agriculture and farmers.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;International Agricultural Development Fund\u0026nbsp;(IFAD) published a blog entitled\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19\u0026nbsp;response must target\u0026nbsp;African agriculture and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;rural poor\u0022, co-authored by IFAD Special Envoys, Olusegun Obasanjo, former President of Nigeria and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe, former Prime Minister of Ethiopia who\u0026nbsp;are bothengaged\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;mobilizing\u0026nbsp;support and advocate for greater investment in rural areas\u0026nbsp;in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the blog:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough\u0026nbsp;Africa has so far\u0026nbsp;escaped\u0026nbsp;the worst health crisis from the COVID-19 pandemic, it\u0026nbsp;looks like it could be\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;worst hit from\u0026nbsp;the economic\u0026nbsp;fallout\u0026nbsp;of the crisis\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;80 million\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;could\u0026nbsp;be pushed\u0026nbsp;into\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;poverty\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;disruptions in\u0026nbsp;the food system.\u0026nbsp;In this crisis, the\u0026nbsp;international\u0026nbsp;development\u0026nbsp;agenda\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;prioritizes\u0026nbsp;on health, economics and infrastructure must also focus on food security, agribusiness and rural development.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to\u0026nbsp;United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, growth rate would drop from 3.2% to 1.8%\u0026nbsp;in 2020\u0026nbsp;due to lockdownswhich are\u0026nbsp;disrupting\u0026nbsp;inter-regional trade and affects food transport, shrinking the export market not only for food importing countries but also for farmers.\u0026nbsp;As the African governments\u0026nbsp;define\u0026nbsp;stimulus measures to mitigate the national and regional economic impact of COVID-19, it must be considered that\u0026nbsp;investment in agriculture is more than five times as effective in reducing poverty as investment in other areas. Investing in rural small-scale farming is critical to maintaining regional food security, the lives of the most vulnerable, and poverty reduction and wealth creation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn April, IFAD launched a multi-donor COVID-19 Rural Poor Stimulus Facility\u0026nbsp;(RPSF)\u0026nbsp;fund\u0026nbsp;to provide basic inputs to\u0026nbsp;small-scale farmers\u0026nbsp;holders and fishermen,\u0026nbsp;help them access\u0026nbsp;markets\u0026nbsp;and maintain\u0026nbsp;cash flow.\u0026nbsp;In the long\u0026nbsp;term, this pandemic underscores the need for Africa\u0026nbsp;to transform\u0026nbsp;agriculture and agribusiness\u0026nbsp;to ensure\u0026nbsp;inclusive\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;growth, wealth\u0026nbsp;generation\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;greater\u0026nbsp;resilience.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full text of the blog is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifad.org/en/web/latest/blog/asset/41913297\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:// https://www.ifad.org/en/web/latest/blog/asset/41913297\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 response must target African agriculture and the rural poor.\u0026nbsp; May 14, 2020. By Olusegun Obasanjo, and Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200516_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200615_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "41. Global Supply Chain of Fruits and Vegetables Under Lockdown", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "41. Global Supply Chain of Fruits and Vegetables Under Lockdown", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The spread of COVID-19 is creating a shortage of imported fruits in Japan. Normally, 40% of international cargo including fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables and high value-added agricultural products are transported in an efficient global supply chain utilizing the airline networks spread all over the world. Logistics experts say that the increase in freight costs accompanying the reduction in passenger flights makes international transportation of fruits and vegetables expensive, and producers in emerging countries could be hit when the global rationalization of choice occurs in the \u0022new normal\u0022 in the post-COVID-19 era.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The spread of COVID-19 is creating a shortage of imported fruits in Japan. Normally, 40% of international cargo including fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables and high value-added agricultural products are transported in an efficient global supply chain utilizing the airline networks spread all over the world. Logistics experts say that the increase in freight costs accompanying the reduction in passenger flights makes international transportation of fruits and vegetables expensive, and producers in emerging countries could be hit when the global rationalization of choice occurs in the \u0022new normal\u0022 in the post-COVID-19 era.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to a report on May 16, 2020,\u0026nbsp;imported\u0026nbsp;fruits such as bananas and mangoes are becoming scarce at markets in Japan due to the spread of COVID-19. It is said that the\u0026nbsp;pandemic has caused delays in harvesting\u0026nbsp;due to lockdowns in\u0026nbsp;the production area,\u0026nbsp;reduction in commercial flights\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;decline in\u0026nbsp;cargo volumes. Fresh foods\u0026nbsp;and high-value-added agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables are\u0026nbsp;transported in a space\u0026nbsp;called\u0026nbsp;the bellyhold\u0026nbsp;of passenger aircraft\u0026nbsp;along with the baggage. It seems that transportation costs have risen and purchasing costs have increased by about 20% due to a series of reductions and suspensions of international flights from various countries. The shipments of Mexican avocado, American lemon, American cherry from May to June, and South African grapefruit are expected to be affected (Yomiuri Online).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to an article in the\u0026nbsp;World Economic Forum,\u0026nbsp;around\u0026nbsp;40% of\u0026nbsp;global air\u0026nbsp;cargo is currently\u0026nbsp;transported in the bellyhold ofpassenger\u0026nbsp;aircraft. At the “normal” time, the airline network spread all over the world played a considerable part in freight transportation, enabling efficient and smooth logistics in the global supply chain. However, at present, the ratio of passenger planes that can be divided into cargo has fallen sharply from the “normal” state, and the cargo capacity has dropped significantly. The remaining 60% of air cargo is usually carried by dedicated freighters, but these basically follow important routes via hub airports, so it seems that it does not reach the comprehensive network of passenger aircrafts.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe BBC World Service featured the impact of lockdowns on the global supply chain. In recent years, vegetables and fruits produced in South America and emerging countries in Africa are being\u0026nbsp;exported to Europe and America owning to the development of global supply chain. Argentine blackberries, Chilean blueberries and Zambian snap peas are now available in Western supermarkets. However, the supply of these products has become expensive due to the increase in freight rates due to the reduction of passenger aircraft under the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 (As mentioned in Pick Up 40, EU\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;the largest market for fruits and vegetables in Africa,\u0026nbsp;and demand for agricultural products, including avocados, citrus fruits in South Africa, and vegetables in Morocco, fell sharply). Logistics supply chain expert Richard Wilding, a professor at Warwick University, said that\u0026nbsp;in the\u0026nbsp;“new normal” in the post- COVID-19 era, the global rationalization of choice\u0026nbsp;might occur, as production and processing\u0026nbsp;could be brought to nearer to consumption (nearshoring), while labor is replaced by machines\u0026nbsp;through\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;mechanization, under which emerging producers can suffer.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3ct0snh\u0022\u003EHow do you feed a world in lockdown?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-aviation-why-is-air-cargo-grounded-when-the-world-needs-it-most/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus and aviation: Why is air cargo grounded when the world needs it most?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; April 30, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EYomiuri Online News「\u003Ca href=\u0022http://バナナやマンゴーなど海外産フルーツに品薄感…産地封鎖で収穫停滞、航空機減便も影響\u0022\u003Eバナナやマンゴーなど海外産フルーツに品薄感…産地封鎖で収穫停滞、航空機減便も影響」\u003C/a\u003E2020.5.16.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 40. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200516\u0022\u003EInternational Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) ー COVID-19 Response Targeting African Agriculture and the Rural Poor\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to a report on May 16, 2020,\u0026nbsp;imported\u0026nbsp;fruits such as bananas and mangoes are becoming scarce at markets in Japan due to the spread of COVID-19. It is said that the\u0026nbsp;pandemic has caused delays in harvesting\u0026nbsp;due to lockdowns in\u0026nbsp;the production area,\u0026nbsp;reduction in commercial flights\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;decline in\u0026nbsp;cargo volumes. Fresh foods\u0026nbsp;and high-value-added agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables are\u0026nbsp;transported in a space\u0026nbsp;called\u0026nbsp;the bellyhold\u0026nbsp;of passenger aircraft\u0026nbsp;along with the baggage. It seems that transportation costs have risen and purchasing costs have increased by about 20% due to a series of reductions and suspensions of international flights from various countries. The shipments of Mexican avocado, American lemon, American cherry from May to June, and South African grapefruit are expected to be affected (Yomiuri Online).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to an article in the\u0026nbsp;World Economic Forum,\u0026nbsp;around\u0026nbsp;40% of\u0026nbsp;global air\u0026nbsp;cargo is currently\u0026nbsp;transported in the bellyhold ofpassenger\u0026nbsp;aircraft. At the “normal” time, the airline network spread all over the world played a considerable part in freight transportation, enabling efficient and smooth logistics in the global supply chain. However, at present, the ratio of passenger planes that can be divided into cargo has fallen sharply from the “normal” state, and the cargo capacity has dropped significantly. The remaining 60% of air cargo is usually carried by dedicated freighters, but these basically follow important routes via hub airports, so it seems that it does not reach the comprehensive network of passenger aircrafts.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe BBC World Service featured the impact of lockdowns on the global supply chain. In recent years, vegetables and fruits produced in South America and emerging countries in Africa are being\u0026nbsp;exported to Europe and America owning to the development of global supply chain. Argentine blackberries, Chilean blueberries and Zambian snap peas are now available in Western supermarkets. However, the supply of these products has become expensive due to the increase in freight rates due to the reduction of passenger aircraft under the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 (As mentioned in Pick Up 40, EU\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;the largest market for fruits and vegetables in Africa,\u0026nbsp;and demand for agricultural products, including avocados, citrus fruits in South Africa, and vegetables in Morocco, fell sharply). Logistics supply chain expert Richard Wilding, a professor at Warwick University, said that\u0026nbsp;in the\u0026nbsp;“new normal” in the post- COVID-19 era, the global rationalization of choice\u0026nbsp;might occur, as production and processing\u0026nbsp;could be brought to nearer to consumption (nearshoring), while labor is replaced by machines\u0026nbsp;through\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;mechanization, under which emerging producers can suffer.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3ct0snh\u0022\u003EHow do you feed a world in lockdown?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-aviation-why-is-air-cargo-grounded-when-the-world-needs-it-most/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus and aviation: Why is air cargo grounded when the world needs it most?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; April 30, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EYomiuri Online News「\u003Ca href=\u0022http://バナナやマンゴーなど海外産フルーツに品薄感…産地封鎖で収穫停滞、航空機減便も影響\u0022\u003Eバナナやマンゴーなど海外産フルーツに品薄感…産地封鎖で収穫停滞、航空機減便も影響」\u003C/a\u003E2020.5.16.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 40. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200516\u0022\u003EInternational Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) ー COVID-19 Response Targeting African Agriculture and the Rural Poor\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200517#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "41. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― ロックダウン下の青果物グローバル・サプライ・チェーン", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "41. Global Supply Chain of Fruits and Vegetables Under Lockdown", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) 拡大の影響で、日本でも海外産フルーツに品薄感が広がっています。「ノーマル」時には、フルーツや野菜のような生鮮食品かつ高付加価値農産物を含む国際貨物の4割は、世界中に張り巡らされた旅客機ネットワークを活用した効率的なグローバルサプライチェーンで取引が行われていました。ロジスティック専門家は、旅客機減便に伴う貨物運賃の上昇は青果物の国際輸送を割高にし、COVID-19後の「ニューノーマル」期に、グローバルな合理化による事業移転が起こる場合、新興国の生産者が打撃を受ける可能性に言及しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The spread of COVID-19 is creating a shortage of imported fruits in Japan. Normally, 40% of international cargo including fresh foods such as fruits and vegetables and high value-added agricultural products are transported in an efficient global supply chain utilizing the airline networks spread all over the world. Logistics experts say that the increase in freight costs accompanying the reduction in passenger flights makes international transportation of fruits and vegetables expensive, and producers in emerging countries could be hit when the global rationalization of choice occurs in the \u0022new normal\u0022 in the post-COVID-19 era.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月16日の報道によると、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) 拡大の影響で、日本ではバナナやマンゴーといった海外産フルーツに品薄感が広がっています。産地の都市封鎖（ロックダウン）で収穫作業が停滞したり、航空機の減便で貨物量が減少しているのが原因とされています。フルーツや野菜のような生鮮食品かつ高付加価値農産物は、旅客機の腹部にあるベリーと呼ばれるスペースに手荷物などと一緒に積み込まれます。各国航空会社の相次ぐ国際線の減便・運休で、輸送費が上昇し仕入れコストは２割ほど増えているそうです。メキシコ産アボカド、米国産レモンや５～６月が旬のアメリカンチェリー、南アフリカ産のグレープフルーツの入荷にも影響が出ると見られています(読売オンライン) 。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forumの記事によると、現在、国際貨物の4割は、旅客便の貨物スペースで運ばれるているそうです。「ノーマル」時には、世界中に張り巡らされた旅客機ネットワークが貨物輸送の相当部を担い、グローバルサプライチェーンにおける効率的でスムースな物流を可能にしていました。しかし現在、旅客機で貨物に割ける割合は「ノーマル」時から大きく落ち込み、貨物能力は大幅に下がっています。残り60％の航空貨物は通常専用貨物機によって執り行われていますが、これらは基本的にハブ空港経由で重要ルートを辿るため、旅客機の包括的なネットワークには及ばないそうです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service番組では、ロックダウンのグローバル・サプライチェーンへの影響を取り上げていました。近年、グローバル・サプライチェーンの展開により、野菜やフルーツなどの青果物は南米やアフリカの新興国で生産され、欧米に輸出されてきました。アルゼンチンのブラックベリー、チリのブルーベリー、ザンビアのスナップエンドウが欧米のスーパーマーケットで入手できるようになっています。しかし、COVID-19による旅客機減便に伴う貨物運賃の上昇により、これら産品の供給は滞り、割高となっています(Pick Up 40でも言及したように、アフリカの青果物最大市場であるEUでは、ケニアのアボカド、南アフリカの柑橘類、モロッコの野菜などを含む農産物への需要が大きく落ち込みました)。ロジスティック・サプライチェーン専門家のRichard Wildingワーウィック大学教授は、COVID-19後の「ニューノーマル (the new normal) 」期に、グローバルレベルで選択肢の合理化(the global rationalization of choice)と生産・加工をローカルへの事業移転(nearshoring)・機械化を通じた再編が起こり得ることを踏まえ、新興国の生産者が打撃を受ける可能性に言及しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. How do you feed a world in lockdown? \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3ct0snh\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3ct0snh\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. Coronavirus and aviation: Why is air cargo grounded when the world needs it most?\u0026nbsp; April 30, 2020. Isobel Fenton \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-aviation-why-is-air-cargo-grounded-when-the-world-needs-it-most/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-aviation-why-is-air-cargo-grounded-when-the-world-needs-it-most/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E読売新聞オンライン「バナナやマンゴーなど海外産フルーツに品薄感…産地封鎖で収穫停滞、航空機減便も影響」2020.5.16. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/economy/20200516-OYT1T50184/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.yomiuri.co.jp/economy/20200516-OYT1T50184/\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick UP 40. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―国際農業開発基金 (IFAD) - COVID-19 対策によるアフリカ農業と農村貧困層支援 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200516\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200516\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to a report on May 16, 2020,\u0026nbsp;imported\u0026nbsp;fruits such as bananas and mangoes are becoming scarce at markets in Japan due to the spread of COVID-19. It is said that the\u0026nbsp;pandemic has caused delays in harvesting\u0026nbsp;due to lockdowns in\u0026nbsp;the production area,\u0026nbsp;reduction in commercial flights\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;decline in\u0026nbsp;cargo volumes. Fresh foods\u0026nbsp;and high-value-added agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables are\u0026nbsp;transported in a space\u0026nbsp;called\u0026nbsp;the bellyhold\u0026nbsp;of passenger aircraft\u0026nbsp;along with the baggage. It seems that transportation costs have risen and purchasing costs have increased by about 20% due to a series of reductions and suspensions of international flights from various countries. The shipments of Mexican avocado, American lemon, American cherry from May to June, and South African grapefruit are expected to be affected (Yomiuri Online).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to an article in the\u0026nbsp;World Economic Forum,\u0026nbsp;around\u0026nbsp;40% of\u0026nbsp;global air\u0026nbsp;cargo is currently\u0026nbsp;transported in the bellyhold ofpassenger\u0026nbsp;aircraft. At the “normal” time, the airline network spread all over the world played a considerable part in freight transportation, enabling efficient and smooth logistics in the global supply chain. However, at present, the ratio of passenger planes that can be divided into cargo has fallen sharply from the “normal” state, and the cargo capacity has dropped significantly. The remaining 60% of air cargo is usually carried by dedicated freighters, but these basically follow important routes via hub airports, so it seems that it does not reach the comprehensive network of passenger aircrafts.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe BBC World Service featured the impact of lockdowns on the global supply chain. In recent years, vegetables and fruits produced in South America and emerging countries in Africa are being\u0026nbsp;exported to Europe and America owning to the development of global supply chain. Argentine blackberries, Chilean blueberries and Zambian snap peas are now available in Western supermarkets. However, the supply of these products has become expensive due to the increase in freight rates due to the reduction of passenger aircraft under the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 (As mentioned in Pick Up 40, EU\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;the largest market for fruits and vegetables in Africa,\u0026nbsp;and demand for agricultural products, including avocados, citrus fruits in South Africa, and vegetables in Morocco, fell sharply). Logistics supply chain expert Richard Wilding, a professor at Warwick University, said that\u0026nbsp;in the\u0026nbsp;“new normal” in the post- COVID-19 era, the global rationalization of choice\u0026nbsp;might occur, as production and processing\u0026nbsp;could be brought to nearer to consumption (nearshoring), while labor is replaced by machines\u0026nbsp;through\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;mechanization, under which emerging producers can suffer.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC World Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3ct0snh\u0022\u003EHow do you feed a world in lockdown?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/coronavirus-aviation-why-is-air-cargo-grounded-when-the-world-needs-it-most/\u0022\u003ECoronavirus and aviation: Why is air cargo grounded when the world needs it most?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; April 30, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EYomiuri Online News「\u003Ca href=\u0022http://バナナやマンゴーなど海外産フルーツに品薄感…産地封鎖で収穫停滞、航空機減便も影響\u0022\u003Eバナナやマンゴーなど海外産フルーツに品薄感…産地封鎖で収穫停滞、航空機減便も影響」\u003C/a\u003E2020.5.16.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 40. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200516\u0022\u003EInternational Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) ー COVID-19 Response Targeting African Agriculture and the Rural Poor\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200517_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200615#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "42. United Nations Environment Program (UNEP): Environmental Destruction and Zoonotic Diseases", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "42. United Nations Environment Program (UNEP): Environmental Destruction and Zoonotic Diseases", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "While the COVID-19 pandemic is currently out of control, a report released by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in 2016 mentioned zoonotic diseases or zoonoses as one of the emerging environmental challenges.The emergence of zoonotic diseases is associated with human-induced environmental changes and disturbances of the ecosystem, and they opportunistically affect the host under environmental, social, and economic stress. About 75% of all emerging infectious diseases and 60% of human infectious diseases are zoonotic. Among these diseases, Ebola, bird flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), Rift Valley fever, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), West Nile virus, Zika virus, etc. have brought huge economic cost. Countermeasures against zoonotic diseases require the healthy ecosystems that maintain diverse species, and strengthen the framework for policy coordination across the three sectors of environment, agriculture and health.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "While the COVID-19 pandemic is currently out of control, a report released by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in 2016 mentioned zoonotic diseases or zoonoses as one of the emerging environmental challenges.The emergence of zoonotic diseases is associated with human-induced environmental changes and disturbances of the ecosystem, and they opportunistically affect the host under environmental, social, and economic stress. About 75% of all emerging infectious diseases and 60% of human infectious diseases are zoonotic. Among these diseases, Ebola, bird flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), Rift Valley fever, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), West Nile virus, Zika virus, etc. have brought huge economic cost. Countermeasures against zoonotic diseases require the healthy ecosystems that maintain diverse species, and strengthen the framework for policy coordination across the three sectors of environment, agriculture and health.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of May 17, 2020, the number of people infected with COVID-19\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;reached 4.63 million. In 2016, a report released by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)\u0026nbsp;already referred to zonotopic diseases, or “the blurred boundaries between zoonotic diseases and ecosystem health”\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;as one of the emerging environmental issues, among the following issues: the\u0026nbsp;role of the financial sector in\u0026nbsp;environmental sustainability; trouble\u0026nbsp;in the food\u0026nbsp;chain due to plastics in the environment;\u0026nbsp;impacts of climate change\u0026nbsp;in the ecosystem;\u0026nbsp;toxin accumulation in crops triggered by climate change;\u0026nbsp;illegal trade in wildlife\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBelow are some excerpts from the report with relevance to COVID-19:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 20th century is a time of unprecedented ecosystem change, and the population and livestock have increased in tandem with the dramatic loss of natural ecosystems and biodiversity. As a result, to date, wildlife-to-livestock pathogens and zoonoses to humans have spread worldwide. 75% of all new infectious diseases and 60% of infectious diseases that affect humans are zoonotic diseases, and human infectious diseases appear every 4 months on average. Although many infectious diseases are caused by wild animals, livestock also serve as epidemiological vectors between wild animals and humans. In particular, infectious diseases are associated with intensive livestock management that is genetically similar within groups and groups, and this is also the result of prioritizing productivity over resistance to infectious diseases in breeding. An example of livestock becoming a “bridge of infectious diseases” is the avian influenza virus that spread from wild birds to humans through chickens.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe emergence of zoonotic diseases is associated with environmental changes and disturbance of ecosystems, such as agricultural intensification, human settlementencroachment into ecosystems such as forests. Zoonotic diseases are also opportunistic and affect hosts already stressed by\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;environmental, social and economic conditions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EZoonoses threaten economic development. In the last few years, several new zoonotic diseases have been reported worldwide as causing or thretening to cause pandemics.\u0026nbsp;These include\u0026nbsp;Ebola, bird flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome MERS, Rift Valley fever, severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS, West Nile virus, Zika virus, etc. The pathogens that cause these have long been host to wildlife. Over the last 20 years, these have cost more than $100 billion, but if the outbreaks\u0026nbsp;had\u0026nbsp;become\u0026nbsp;a pandemic, the losses would have\u0026nbsp;amounted to\u0026nbsp;trillions of dollars (now a\u0026nbsp;reality\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;COVID-19).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOther important zoonotic diseases include food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella and Listeria. In 2015, the first global assessment of food-borne\u0026nbsp;diseases was conducted and its effects were reported to be comparable to those of malaria and tuberculosis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEcosystem integrity, which maintains diverse species, helps control infectious diseases so that one pathogen does not spread or become dominant. The ecosystem changes as the population grows. Forests have been cut down, lands have been opened up for agriculture and mining development, and the ecosystem that used to be a buffer between humans and animals that carry pathogens is clearly diminished or lost. Zoonosis spreads across three sectors: environment, agriculture, and health, but it is often the case that there is no mutual cooperation mechanism, and the framework for policy coordination for infectious disease control is weak. Successful zoonoses control requires a sensible legal and policy framework, well-functioning institutions, adequate financing, rapid detection systems and intervention implementation plans.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA significant contstrating to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;involving agriculture in the control of zoonosis is the lack of cooperation between medical and veterinary specialists, leaving concerns over zoonosis aside. The cost of zoonotic control appears to be enormous compared to the benefits of public health alone , but it is clear that the benefits outweigh these costs if the benefits to the agricultural sector, wildlife and society are considered.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP (2016). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7664/Frontiers_2016.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003EUNEP Frontiers 2016 Report: Emerging Issues of Environmental Concern\u003C/a\u003E. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi.　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 21. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200422\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Earth Day and Biodiversity\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of May 17, 2020, the number of people infected with COVID-19\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;reached 4.63 million. In 2016, a report released by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)\u0026nbsp;already referred to zonotopic diseases, or “the blurred boundaries between zoonotic diseases and ecosystem health”\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;as one of the emerging environmental issues, among the following issues: the\u0026nbsp;role of the financial sector in\u0026nbsp;environmental sustainability; trouble\u0026nbsp;in the food\u0026nbsp;chain due to plastics in the environment;\u0026nbsp;impacts of climate change\u0026nbsp;in the ecosystem;\u0026nbsp;toxin accumulation in crops triggered by climate change;\u0026nbsp;illegal trade in wildlife\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBelow are some excerpts from the report with relevance to COVID-19:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 20th century is a time of unprecedented ecosystem change, and the population and livestock have increased in tandem with the dramatic loss of natural ecosystems and biodiversity. As a result, to date, wildlife-to-livestock pathogens and zoonoses to humans have spread worldwide. 75% of all new infectious diseases and 60% of infectious diseases that affect humans are zoonotic diseases, and human infectious diseases appear every 4 months on average. Although many infectious diseases are caused by wild animals, livestock also serve as epidemiological vectors between wild animals and humans. In particular, infectious diseases are associated with intensive livestock management that is genetically similar within groups and groups, and this is also the result of prioritizing productivity over resistance to infectious diseases in breeding. An example of livestock becoming a “bridge of infectious diseases” is the avian influenza virus that spread from wild birds to humans through chickens.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe emergence of zoonotic diseases is associated with environmental changes and disturbance of ecosystems, such as agricultural intensification, human settlementencroachment into ecosystems such as forests. Zoonotic diseases are also opportunistic and affect hosts already stressed by\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;environmental, social and economic conditions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EZoonoses threaten economic development. In the last few years, several new zoonotic diseases have been reported worldwide as causing or thretening to cause pandemics.\u0026nbsp;These include\u0026nbsp;Ebola, bird flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome MERS, Rift Valley fever, severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS, West Nile virus, Zika virus, etc. The pathogens that cause these have long been host to wildlife. Over the last 20 years, these have cost more than $100 billion, but if the outbreaks\u0026nbsp;had\u0026nbsp;become\u0026nbsp;a pandemic, the losses would have\u0026nbsp;amounted to\u0026nbsp;trillions of dollars (now a\u0026nbsp;reality\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;COVID-19).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOther important zoonotic diseases include food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella and Listeria. In 2015, the first global assessment of food-borne\u0026nbsp;diseases was conducted and its effects were reported to be comparable to those of malaria and tuberculosis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEcosystem integrity, which maintains diverse species, helps control infectious diseases so that one pathogen does not spread or become dominant. The ecosystem changes as the population grows. Forests have been cut down, lands have been opened up for agriculture and mining development, and the ecosystem that used to be a buffer between humans and animals that carry pathogens is clearly diminished or lost. Zoonosis spreads across three sectors: environment, agriculture, and health, but it is often the case that there is no mutual cooperation mechanism, and the framework for policy coordination for infectious disease control is weak. Successful zoonoses control requires a sensible legal and policy framework, well-functioning institutions, adequate financing, rapid detection systems and intervention implementation plans.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA significant contstrating to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;involving agriculture in the control of zoonosis is the lack of cooperation between medical and veterinary specialists, leaving concerns over zoonosis aside. The cost of zoonotic control appears to be enormous compared to the benefits of public health alone , but it is clear that the benefits outweigh these costs if the benefits to the agricultural sector, wildlife and society are considered.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP (2016). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7664/Frontiers_2016.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003EUNEP Frontiers 2016 Report: Emerging Issues of Environmental Concern\u003C/a\u003E. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi.　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 21. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200422\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Earth Day and Biodiversity\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200518#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "42. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―国連環境計画 (UNEP): 環境破壊と人獣共通感染症 (zoonotic diseases)", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "42. United Nations Environment Program (UNEP): Environmental Destruction and Zoonotic Diseases", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) パンデミックが収まらない現在ですが、2016年に国連環境計画 (UNEP)が公表した報告書では、今後新たに発現する環境課題の一つとして人獣共通感染症 (zoonotic diseases)が挙げられていました。人獣共通感染症の発現は、人為的な環境変化や生態系の攪乱と関わっており、日和見的に環境・社会・経済的ストレス下に置かれた宿主に影響を与えます。全ての新規感染症の75％、人間が罹患する感染症の60％は人獣共通感染症とされ、エボラ、鳥インフルエンザ、中東呼吸器症候群MERS、リフトバレー熱、重症急性呼吸器症候群SARS、ウェストナイルウイルス、ジカウイルス、など、莫大な経済費用をもたらします。人獣共通感染症対策には、多様な種を維持する生態系の維持が必要とされ、環境・農業・保健の3分野にまたがる政策協調の枠組み強化が必要です。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "While the COVID-19 pandemic is currently out of control, a report released by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in 2016 mentioned zoonotic diseases or zoonoses as one of the emerging environmental challenges.The emergence of zoonotic diseases is associated with human-induced environmental changes and disturbances of the ecosystem, and they opportunistically affect the host under environmental, social, and economic stress. About 75% of all emerging infectious diseases and 60% of human infectious diseases are zoonotic. Among these diseases, Ebola, bird flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), Rift Valley fever, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), West Nile virus, Zika virus, etc. have brought huge economic cost. Countermeasures against zoonotic diseases require the healthy ecosystems that maintain diverse species, and strengthen the framework for policy coordination across the three sectors of environment, agriculture and health.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月17日現在、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) の感染者が463万人に達しています。2016年に国連環境計画 (UNEP)が公表した報告書では、今後深刻化する環境課題として、持続的開発促進のための金融部門の役割；フードシステムにおけるマイクロプラスチック問題; 気候変動によるエコシステムへの影響; 気候変動時代における作物の毒素蓄積; 野生動物の不法取引、と並び、人獣共通感染症 (zoonotic diseases) とエコシステム健全性の曖昧な境界線、が挙げられていました。以下、報告書の議論を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E20世紀はかつてない生態系変化の時期であり、自然生態系や生物多様性が劇的に失われるのと表裏一体で人口と家畜が増加しました。その結果、今日までに、世界的に野生動物から家畜への病原菌感染、そして人間への人獣共通感染症が広がりました。全ての新規感染症の75％、人間が罹患する感染症の60％は人獣共通感染症とされ、平均4か月ごとに人間への感染症が現れます。感染症の多くは野生動物に起因しますが、家畜も野生動物と人間の間で疫学的媒介の役割を果たします。とりわけ感染症は集団・群内で遺伝的に似通った集約的家畜経営と関連しますが、これは品種改良において感染症への抵抗性よりも生産性を優先した結果でもあります。家畜が「感染症の橋渡し」となった例としては、野生の鳥からニワトリを通じて人間に拡がった鳥インフルエンザ病原菌があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人獣共通感染症の発現は、農業集約化や人間の居住、森林などの生態系への侵入など、環境変化や生態系の攪乱と関わっています。人獣共通感染症は日和見的でもあり、環境・社会・経済的ストレス下に置かれた宿主に影響を与えます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人獣共通感染症は経済開発を脅かします。過去数年間に複数の新規人獣共通感染症がパンデミックをもたらし、あるいは引き起こすうるとして、世界的に報道されてきました。エボラ、鳥インフルエンザ、中東呼吸器症候群MERS、リフトバレー熱、重症急性呼吸器症候群SARS、ウェストナイルウイルス、ジカウイルス、などです。これらを引き起こす病原菌は長期にわたり野生動物を宿主としてきました。過去20年間、これらは1000憶ドル以上のコストを伴ってきましたが、もしアウトブレイクがパンデミックをもたらしていたならば、その損失は数兆ドルにも及んでいたことでしょう(現在COVID-19で現実となっているわけですが)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eその他にも重要な人獣共通感染症に、サルモネラやリステリアなどの食物媒介性の病原菌があります。2015年、初の世界的な食物媒介性疾患の評価が行われ、その影響はマラリアや結核の被害に匹敵すると報告されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一つの病原菌が急激に広まったり支配的にならないよう、多様な種を維持する生態系の統合(ecosystem integrity)は、感染症のコントロールに貢献します。人口の増加に伴い、生態系は変化します。森林は伐採され、農業や鉱業開発のために土地は切り開かれ、かつては人間と病原菌を宿す動物との間の緩衝地域となってきた生態系は明らかに減少あるいは喪失しています。人獣共通感染症は、環境・農業・保健の3分野にまたがりますが、しばし相互独立して連携の仕組みがなく、感染症対策のための政策協調の枠組みは弱いと言わざるを得ません。人獣共通感染症コントロールの成功には、賢明な法的・政策的枠組み、よく機能する制度、十分なファイナンス、迅速な検出システム、介入実施プラン、が必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人獣共通感染症コントロールにおいて農業を巻き込むうえでの制約は、医学と獣医学専門家による協力体制がなく、人獣共通感染症への懸念が脇に追いやられている状況にあります。公共衛生の便益に比べ、人獣共通感染症コントロールの費用は莫大に見えますが、農業分野・野生動物・社会への便益を考慮すれば、便益の方が上回ることは明らかです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP (2016). UNEP Frontiers 2016 Report: Emerging Issues of Environmental Concern. United Nations Environment Programme,Nairobi.　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7664/Frontiers_2016.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003Ehttps://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7664/Frontiers_2016.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 21. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―　アースデイと生物多様性 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200422\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200422\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs of May 17, 2020, the number of people infected with COVID-19\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;reached 4.63 million. In 2016, a report released by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)\u0026nbsp;already referred to zonotopic diseases, or “the blurred boundaries between zoonotic diseases and ecosystem health”\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;as one of the emerging environmental issues, among the following issues: the\u0026nbsp;role of the financial sector in\u0026nbsp;environmental sustainability; trouble\u0026nbsp;in the food\u0026nbsp;chain due to plastics in the environment;\u0026nbsp;impacts of climate change\u0026nbsp;in the ecosystem;\u0026nbsp;toxin accumulation in crops triggered by climate change;\u0026nbsp;illegal trade in wildlife\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBelow are some excerpts from the report with relevance to COVID-19:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 20th century is a time of unprecedented ecosystem change, and the population and livestock have increased in tandem with the dramatic loss of natural ecosystems and biodiversity. As a result, to date, wildlife-to-livestock pathogens and zoonoses to humans have spread worldwide. 75% of all new infectious diseases and 60% of infectious diseases that affect humans are zoonotic diseases, and human infectious diseases appear every 4 months on average. Although many infectious diseases are caused by wild animals, livestock also serve as epidemiological vectors between wild animals and humans. In particular, infectious diseases are associated with intensive livestock management that is genetically similar within groups and groups, and this is also the result of prioritizing productivity over resistance to infectious diseases in breeding. An example of livestock becoming a “bridge of infectious diseases” is the avian influenza virus that spread from wild birds to humans through chickens.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe emergence of zoonotic diseases is associated with environmental changes and disturbance of ecosystems, such as agricultural intensification, human settlementencroachment into ecosystems such as forests. Zoonotic diseases are also opportunistic and affect hosts already stressed by\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;environmental, social and economic conditions.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EZoonoses threaten economic development. In the last few years, several new zoonotic diseases have been reported worldwide as causing or thretening to cause pandemics.\u0026nbsp;These include\u0026nbsp;Ebola, bird flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome MERS, Rift Valley fever, severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS, West Nile virus, Zika virus, etc. The pathogens that cause these have long been host to wildlife. Over the last 20 years, these have cost more than $100 billion, but if the outbreaks\u0026nbsp;had\u0026nbsp;become\u0026nbsp;a pandemic, the losses would have\u0026nbsp;amounted to\u0026nbsp;trillions of dollars (now a\u0026nbsp;reality\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;COVID-19).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOther important zoonotic diseases include food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella and Listeria. In 2015, the first global assessment of food-borne\u0026nbsp;diseases was conducted and its effects were reported to be comparable to those of malaria and tuberculosis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEcosystem integrity, which maintains diverse species, helps control infectious diseases so that one pathogen does not spread or become dominant. The ecosystem changes as the population grows. Forests have been cut down, lands have been opened up for agriculture and mining development, and the ecosystem that used to be a buffer between humans and animals that carry pathogens is clearly diminished or lost. Zoonosis spreads across three sectors: environment, agriculture, and health, but it is often the case that there is no mutual cooperation mechanism, and the framework for policy coordination for infectious disease control is weak. Successful zoonoses control requires a sensible legal and policy framework, well-functioning institutions, adequate financing, rapid detection systems and intervention implementation plans.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA significant contstrating to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;involving agriculture in the control of zoonosis is the lack of cooperation between medical and veterinary specialists, leaving concerns over zoonosis aside. The cost of zoonotic control appears to be enormous compared to the benefits of public health alone , but it is clear that the benefits outweigh these costs if the benefits to the agricultural sector, wildlife and society are considered.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP (2016). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/7664/Frontiers_2016.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003EUNEP Frontiers 2016 Report: Emerging Issues of Environmental Concern\u003C/a\u003E. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi.　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 21. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200422\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Earth Day and Biodiversity\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200518_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200622_6#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-19", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "43. FAO: Addressing the Impacts of COVID-19 in Food Crises", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "43. FAO: Addressing the Impacts of COVID-19 in Food Crises", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On May 18, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) published the report “Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020”, urging the need for emergency assistance by the international community, and emphasizing that prevention of the food crisis could not wait for the resolution of the health crisis, and instead, precautionary measures to protect lives and improve access to food would be necessary.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On May 18, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) published the report “Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020”, urging the need for emergency assistance by the international community, and emphasizing that prevention of the food crisis could not wait for the resolution of the health crisis, and instead, precautionary measures to protect lives and improve access to food would be necessary.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 18, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)\u0026nbsp;published the report “Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020”, urging the need for emergency assistance by the international community.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the\u0026nbsp;HP article.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the 2020 edition of the Global Report on Food Crises published in April, in 2019,\u0026nbsp;prior\u0026nbsp;to the COVID-19 pandemic,\u0026nbsp;135 million people experienced food crisis\u0026nbsp;and an additional 183 million people\u0026nbsp;were\u0026nbsp;estimated to be\u0026nbsp;one step away from severe food insecurity condition.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen a pandemic progresses in the context of a food crisis, the availability\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;and access\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;food in both urban and rural areas will be disrupted at the same time, and there is a real concern that multiple regions will\u0026nbsp;face\u0026nbsp;famine at the same time. Prior to the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic, 27 million people were in urgent need of assistance,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;these people could be devastated by the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic.\u0026nbsp;Populations\u0026nbsp;in northeastern Nigeria, South Sudan and Yemen\u0026nbsp;could face famine due to the pandemic,\u0026nbsp;and around\u0026nbsp;3.5 million\u0026nbsp;people in Somalia are\u0026nbsp;expected\u0026nbsp;to face food crisis, three-fold increase\u0026nbsp;compared to early 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report emphasized that preventing\u0026nbsp;the food crisis\u0026nbsp;could not\u0026nbsp;wait\u0026nbsp;until\u0026nbsp;the resolution of the health crisis\u0026nbsp;so\u0026nbsp;precautionary measuresmust be taken urgently\u0026nbsp;to protect lives and improve access to food especially in areas that are already experiencing food crises due to conflicts, climate change and economic crises.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUrgent\u0026nbsp;action\u0026nbsp;is required to address these issues\u0026nbsp;because\u0026nbsp;activities such as farming, livestock\u0026nbsp;movement for pasture and\u0026nbsp;for water, and harvesting\u0026nbsp;could not be put on hold during the fight against the virus. Without support to agriculture, many vulnerable people\u0026nbsp;will beforced to rely on humanitarian assistance only to survive. In order to protect the dignity of millions of people living in agriculture, it is not only cost effective but also humane to take the action to avoid the worst.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Global COVID-19 Humanitarian Response Plan is being coordinated to support COVID-19 emergency assistance to the non-healthcare sector. In particular,\u0026nbsp;an allocation of\u0026nbsp;US$1.6 billion to the food security sector is the largest component of the total. Of these, FAO has called for\u0026nbsp;US$350\u0026nbsp;million to address the emerging challenges of COVID-19 and to provide support to areas already in crisis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also mentioned that\u0026nbsp;FAO will focus on\u0026nbsp;the following\u0026nbsp;four activities at\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;global, regional and\u0026nbsp;country\u0026nbsp;levels:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EA global data facility to support data collection and analyses\u0026nbsp;and inform evidence-based programming, contributing to\u0026nbsp;FAO’s Hand‑in‑Hand initiative and associated data platform1.\u0026nbsp;The data facility is being rolled out in close collaboration with\u0026nbsp;key partners such as the World Food Programme (WFP), the global\u0026nbsp;Food Security Cluster and the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fightfoodcrises.net/\u0022 title=\u0022Read more about the Global Network against Food Crises\u0022\u003EGlobal Network Against Food Crises\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;partnership;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EStabilizing incomes and access to food as well as preserving ongoing\u0026nbsp;livelihood and food production assistance for the most acutely\u0026nbsp;food‑insecure populations;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EEnsuring continuity of the critical food supply chain for the most\u0026nbsp;vulnerable populations; and\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EEnsuring people along the food supply chain are not at risk of\u0026nbsp;COVID‑19 transmission through awareness raising, social messaging\u0026nbsp;and community mobilization, together with WHO and national authorities.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/emergencies/appeals/detail/en/c/1276086/\u0022\u003EFAO Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020 MAY UPDATE\u003C/a\u003E　　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9192en/ca9192en.pdf\u0022\u003EFAO Report (PDF)\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 22. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200423\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Hunger Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 18, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)\u0026nbsp;published the report “Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020”, urging the need for emergency assistance by the international community.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the\u0026nbsp;HP article.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the 2020 edition of the Global Report on Food Crises published in April, in 2019,\u0026nbsp;prior\u0026nbsp;to the COVID-19 pandemic,\u0026nbsp;135 million people experienced food crisis\u0026nbsp;and an additional 183 million people\u0026nbsp;were\u0026nbsp;estimated to be\u0026nbsp;one step away from severe food insecurity condition.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen a pandemic progresses in the context of a food crisis, the availability\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;and access\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;food in both urban and rural areas will be disrupted at the same time, and there is a real concern that multiple regions will\u0026nbsp;face\u0026nbsp;famine at the same time. Prior to the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic, 27 million people were in urgent need of assistance,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;these people could be devastated by the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic.\u0026nbsp;Populations\u0026nbsp;in northeastern Nigeria, South Sudan and Yemen\u0026nbsp;could face famine due to the pandemic,\u0026nbsp;and around\u0026nbsp;3.5 million\u0026nbsp;people in Somalia are\u0026nbsp;expected\u0026nbsp;to face food crisis, three-fold increase\u0026nbsp;compared to early 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report emphasized that preventing\u0026nbsp;the food crisis\u0026nbsp;could not\u0026nbsp;wait\u0026nbsp;until\u0026nbsp;the resolution of the health crisis\u0026nbsp;so\u0026nbsp;precautionary measuresmust be taken urgently\u0026nbsp;to protect lives and improve access to food especially in areas that are already experiencing food crises due to conflicts, climate change and economic crises.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUrgent\u0026nbsp;action\u0026nbsp;is required to address these issues\u0026nbsp;because\u0026nbsp;activities such as farming, livestock\u0026nbsp;movement for pasture and\u0026nbsp;for water, and harvesting\u0026nbsp;could not be put on hold during the fight against the virus. Without support to agriculture, many vulnerable people\u0026nbsp;will beforced to rely on humanitarian assistance only to survive. In order to protect the dignity of millions of people living in agriculture, it is not only cost effective but also humane to take the action to avoid the worst.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Global COVID-19 Humanitarian Response Plan is being coordinated to support COVID-19 emergency assistance to the non-healthcare sector. In particular,\u0026nbsp;an allocation of\u0026nbsp;US$1.6 billion to the food security sector is the largest component of the total. Of these, FAO has called for\u0026nbsp;US$350\u0026nbsp;million to address the emerging challenges of COVID-19 and to provide support to areas already in crisis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also mentioned that\u0026nbsp;FAO will focus on\u0026nbsp;the following\u0026nbsp;four activities at\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;global, regional and\u0026nbsp;country\u0026nbsp;levels:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EA global data facility to support data collection and analyses\u0026nbsp;and inform evidence-based programming, contributing to\u0026nbsp;FAO’s Hand‑in‑Hand initiative and associated data platform1.\u0026nbsp;The data facility is being rolled out in close collaboration with\u0026nbsp;key partners such as the World Food Programme (WFP), the global\u0026nbsp;Food Security Cluster and the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fightfoodcrises.net/\u0022 title=\u0022Read more about the Global Network against Food Crises\u0022\u003EGlobal Network Against Food Crises\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;partnership;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EStabilizing incomes and access to food as well as preserving ongoing\u0026nbsp;livelihood and food production assistance for the most acutely\u0026nbsp;food‑insecure populations;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EEnsuring continuity of the critical food supply chain for the most\u0026nbsp;vulnerable populations; and\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EEnsuring people along the food supply chain are not at risk of\u0026nbsp;COVID‑19 transmission through awareness raising, social messaging\u0026nbsp;and community mobilization, together with WHO and national authorities.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/emergencies/appeals/detail/en/c/1276086/\u0022\u003EFAO Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020 MAY UPDATE\u003C/a\u003E　　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9192en/ca9192en.pdf\u0022\u003EFAO Report (PDF)\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 22. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200423\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Hunger Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200519#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-19", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "43. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック － FAO: 食料危機におけるCOVID-19のインパクトに対応せよ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "43. FAO: Addressing the Impacts of COVID-19 in Food Crises", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年5月18日、国連食糧農業機関 (FAO) は、「2020年4-12月期 食料危機におけるCOVID-19のインパクトに対応せよ (Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020) 」報告書を公表、国際社会による緊急支援の必要性を訴えました。食料危機の回避あるいは悪化を食い止めるために、保健医療危機の解決を待ってはいられず、予備的な措置によって生活を守り、食料へのアクセスを改善しなければなりません。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On May 18, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) published the report “Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020”, urging the need for emergency assistance by the international community, and emphasizing that prevention of the food crisis could not wait for the resolution of the health crisis, and instead, precautionary measures to protect lives and improve access to food would be necessary.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月18日、国連食糧農業機関 (FAO) は、「2020年4-12月期 食料危機におけるCOVID-19のインパクトに対応せよ (Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020) 」報告書を公表、国際社会による緊急支援の必要性を訴えました。以下、HP記事から内容を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4月に公表された2020年版食料危機グローバル報告書 (Global Report on Food Crises) は、COVID-19前の2019年に食料危機に置かれていると推定された1.35憶人に加え、1.83憶人が食料問題に直面するとし、迫りくる危機の深刻さについて警告しました。食料危機の状況下でパンデミックが進行すると、都市・農村の双方で食料のアベイラビリティとアクセスが同時に滞り、複数の地域が同時に飢饉に陥る可能性も現実的に懸念されています。COVID-19パンデミック前には、2700万人が緊急支援が必要な状況にありましたが、これらの人々はパンデミックの直接・間接的な影響で壊滅的な影響を受けかねません。ナイジェリア北西部、南スーダン、イエメンでは、パンデミックの影響で飢饉に直面しかねず、ソマリアでは、2020年初めと比較し、食料危機状態の人々が3倍増の350万人に達すると予想されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E食料危機の回避あるいは悪化を食い止めるために、保健医療危機の解決を待ってはいられず、予備的な措置によって生活を守り、食料へのアクセスを改善しなければなりません。とりわけ紛争や気候変動・経済危機により既に食料危機を経験している地域では時間を無駄にする余地はありません。こうした地域では80％近くの人々が何らかの形で農業に依存しています。イエメンのような輸入に過度に依存しているような国でさえ、現地生産の食料は人々のニーズ、とりわけ栄養の多様性維持に重要な役割を果たしています。現地ごとの事情やパンデミックの進展により、農村の脆弱な人々が直面する課題は異なりますが、次のリスクは共通です。市場へのアクセス制限と所得減による種子や肥料など投入財へのアクセス制約の結果としての作付への影響；季節労働者の不足による収穫への影響；移動規制による市場への出荷の滞り；ロックダウン、社会的距離、購買力の低下による市場への影響。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれら課題に対しては緊急対応が必要です。ウイルスとの戦いの間も、農作業、放牧地と水を求める家畜の移動、収穫、などの活動を止めることはできません。(農業への)支援なしに、多くの脆弱な人々は生き延びるためだけの人道支援に依存せざるを得ません。農業で生活を立てている数百万人の人々の尊厳を守る上でも、先立って最悪の状況を回避するための行動を起こすことが費用効果的であるのみならず、人道的でもあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EグローバルCOVID-19人道支援プラン(The Global COVID-19 Humanitarian Response Plan)は、COVID-19による非保健医療部門への緊急支援にも対応できるように調整中です。 とりわけ食料安全保障分野への配分は、全体の16憶米ドル資金でも、最も大きなコンポーネントとなっています。このうち、COVID-19による新たな課題に対応しつつ、既に危機が起こっている地域の重点的支援のために、FAOは3.5憶ドルを要請しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAOはグローバル・地域・国レベルにおいて、次の4つの活動に焦点を当てることにしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eエビデンスに基づくプログラム実施を行うために、データ収集・分析を行うためのグローバルデータファシリテイの強化。データファシリテイは、世界食糧計画(WFP)などのパートナー(the global Food Security Cluster and the Global Network Against Food Crises partnership)との緊密な連携により展開。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E最も緊急な食料安全保障の危機に陥っている人々を対象とした、所得・食料アクセスの安定化、生活保護・食料生産支援の提供。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E最も脆弱な人々に対するフードサプライチェーンの維持。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界保健機関(WHO)や各国政府との協力による意識向上・コミュニティ動員を通じた、COVID-19感染リスクからのフードチェーンに関わる人々を保護\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020 MAY UPDATE　\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/emergencies/appeals/detail/en/c/1276086/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/emergencies/appeals/detail/en/c/1276086/\u003C/a\u003E (HP記事)　　　 \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9192en/ca9192en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca9192en/ca9192en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E (レポートPDF)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 22. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 飢餓のパンデミック \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200423\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200423\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 18, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)\u0026nbsp;published the report “Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020”, urging the need for emergency assistance by the international community.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the\u0026nbsp;HP article.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the 2020 edition of the Global Report on Food Crises published in April, in 2019,\u0026nbsp;prior\u0026nbsp;to the COVID-19 pandemic,\u0026nbsp;135 million people experienced food crisis\u0026nbsp;and an additional 183 million people\u0026nbsp;were\u0026nbsp;estimated to be\u0026nbsp;one step away from severe food insecurity condition.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen a pandemic progresses in the context of a food crisis, the availability\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;and access\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;food in both urban and rural areas will be disrupted at the same time, and there is a real concern that multiple regions will\u0026nbsp;face\u0026nbsp;famine at the same time. Prior to the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic, 27 million people were in urgent need of assistance,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;these people could be devastated by the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic.\u0026nbsp;Populations\u0026nbsp;in northeastern Nigeria, South Sudan and Yemen\u0026nbsp;could face famine due to the pandemic,\u0026nbsp;and around\u0026nbsp;3.5 million\u0026nbsp;people in Somalia are\u0026nbsp;expected\u0026nbsp;to face food crisis, three-fold increase\u0026nbsp;compared to early 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report emphasized that preventing\u0026nbsp;the food crisis\u0026nbsp;could not\u0026nbsp;wait\u0026nbsp;until\u0026nbsp;the resolution of the health crisis\u0026nbsp;so\u0026nbsp;precautionary measuresmust be taken urgently\u0026nbsp;to protect lives and improve access to food especially in areas that are already experiencing food crises due to conflicts, climate change and economic crises.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUrgent\u0026nbsp;action\u0026nbsp;is required to address these issues\u0026nbsp;because\u0026nbsp;activities such as farming, livestock\u0026nbsp;movement for pasture and\u0026nbsp;for water, and harvesting\u0026nbsp;could not be put on hold during the fight against the virus. Without support to agriculture, many vulnerable people\u0026nbsp;will beforced to rely on humanitarian assistance only to survive. In order to protect the dignity of millions of people living in agriculture, it is not only cost effective but also humane to take the action to avoid the worst.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Global COVID-19 Humanitarian Response Plan is being coordinated to support COVID-19 emergency assistance to the non-healthcare sector. In particular,\u0026nbsp;an allocation of\u0026nbsp;US$1.6 billion to the food security sector is the largest component of the total. Of these, FAO has called for\u0026nbsp;US$350\u0026nbsp;million to address the emerging challenges of COVID-19 and to provide support to areas already in crisis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report also mentioned that\u0026nbsp;FAO will focus on\u0026nbsp;the following\u0026nbsp;four activities at\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;global, regional and\u0026nbsp;country\u0026nbsp;levels:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EA global data facility to support data collection and analyses\u0026nbsp;and inform evidence-based programming, contributing to\u0026nbsp;FAO’s Hand‑in‑Hand initiative and associated data platform1.\u0026nbsp;The data facility is being rolled out in close collaboration with\u0026nbsp;key partners such as the World Food Programme (WFP), the global\u0026nbsp;Food Security Cluster and the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fightfoodcrises.net/\u0022 title=\u0022Read more about the Global Network against Food Crises\u0022\u003EGlobal Network Against Food Crises\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;partnership;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EStabilizing incomes and access to food as well as preserving ongoing\u0026nbsp;livelihood and food production assistance for the most acutely\u0026nbsp;food‑insecure populations;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EEnsuring continuity of the critical food supply chain for the most\u0026nbsp;vulnerable populations; and\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EEnsuring people along the food supply chain are not at risk of\u0026nbsp;COVID‑19 transmission through awareness raising, social messaging\u0026nbsp;and community mobilization, together with WHO and national authorities.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO HP.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/emergencies/appeals/detail/en/c/1276086/\u0022\u003EFAO Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Addressing the impacts of COVID-19 in food crises April–December 2020 MAY UPDATE\u003C/a\u003E　　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9192en/ca9192en.pdf\u0022\u003EFAO Report (PDF)\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 22. \u003Ca href=\u0022/en/program/program_d/blog/20200423\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Hunger Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200519_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200622_5#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "44. World Economic Forum: COVID-19 Risk Outlook 2020-05-20", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "44. World Economic Forum: COVID-19 Risk Outlook 2020-05-20", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Economic Forum publishes a Global Risk Report each year that reflects the views of global leaders and policy makers. In the 2020 report published earlier this year, all of the top five perceived risks were related to environmental issues and climate change for the first time since the report\u0027s investigation began in 2007. On May 19, 2020, the team behind the annual Global Risks Report summarized the risks, challenges and opportunities of the pandemic, to guide better decision making and discussions. As a result of a survey of the views of about 350 senior risk professionals, four important issues have emerged, namely, economic shift, recession for sustainability, social unrest, and technology dependence.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Economic Forum publishes a Global Risk Report each year that reflects the views of global leaders and policy makers. In the 2020 report published earlier this year, all of the top five perceived risks were related to environmental issues and climate change for the first time since the report\u0027s investigation began in 2007. On May 19, 2020, the team behind the annual Global Risks Report summarized the risks, challenges and opportunities of the pandemic, to guide better decision making and discussions. As a result of a survey of the views of about 350 senior risk professionals, four important issues have emerged, namely, economic shift, recession for sustainability, social unrest, and technology dependence.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Economic Forum publishes a Global Risk Report each year that reflects the views of global leaders and policy makers. In the 2020 report published earlier this year, all of the top five\u0026nbsp;perceived\u0026nbsp;risks were related to environmental issues and climate change\u0026nbsp;for the first time since the report\u0027s investigation began\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;2007. On May 19, 2020, the team\u0026nbsp;behind the annual\u0026nbsp;Global Risks\u0026nbsp;Report summarized the risks, challenges and opportunities of the pandemicto guide better\u0026nbsp;decision making and discussions\u0026nbsp;in a report entitled\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19 Risk Outlook:\u0026nbsp;A Preliminary Mapping\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;it’s\u0026nbsp;Implications”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s\u0026nbsp;worst\u0026nbsp;pandemic in 100 years, COVID-19 has swept the world at an unprecedented speed,\u0026nbsp;resulting in\u0026nbsp;an economic crisis with serious social impacts, which could cause 500 million people to fall into poverty. Longer-term economic, environmental, social, and technological challenges and opportunities will become apparent only when countries are heading toward recovery. In order for societies, governments\u0026nbsp;and businesses\u0026nbsp;to avoid\u0026nbsp;missing\u0026nbsp;long-term opportunities, it is essential to anticipate a crisis\u0026nbsp;generated by repercussions from the\u0026nbsp;pandemic. The\u0026nbsp;report aims to provide an overview of the existing and emerging crises that have been amplified by this crisis, while acknowledging the need for further analysis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis report summarizes the views of approximately\u0026nbsp;350\u0026nbsp;senior\u0026nbsp;risk\u0026nbsp;professionals\u0026nbsp;who participated in the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;Risks Perception Survey.\u0026nbsp;The experts assessed 31 risks in three dimensions:\u0026nbsp;most likely for the world, most concerning for the world,\u0026nbsp;and most worrisome for companies.\u0026nbsp;The biggest concern for companies was the economic downturn caused by COVID-19. Two-thirds of respondents pointed to the prolonged global recession as the number one concern for businesses. Half of the respondents considered bankruptcy, industrial integration, failed industrial recovery and supply chain fragmentation as serious concerns. Companies also cited cyber attacks, data fraud, and IT infrastructure and network failures. They\u0026nbsp;also expressed concern about geopolitical fragmentation for business, and 40% of respondents pointed out that movement restrictions on people and goods were one of the serious effects of COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen the results\u0026nbsp;were organized and interpreted, four important issues have emerged, namely,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;economic shifts, sustainabilitysetbacks, social\u0026nbsp;anxieties, and technology dependence.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails on these\u0026nbsp;four key areas\u0026nbsp;are available at:\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u0022\u003EWorld Economic Forum. COVID-19 Risks Outlook. A Preliminary Mapping and Its Implications\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. COVID-19 Risks Outlook. A Preliminary Mapping and Its Implications. May 19, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_COVID_19_Risks_Outlook_Special_Edition_Pages.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_COVID_19_Risks_Outlook_Special_Edition_Pages.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/covid-19-global-risk-landscape/\u0022\u003ESeveral crises in one: what effects will COVID-19 have on the global risk landscape?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; May 19, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Risk Report 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u0022\u003ESummary\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Economic Forum publishes a Global Risk Report each year that reflects the views of global leaders and policy makers. In the 2020 report published earlier this year, all of the top five\u0026nbsp;perceived\u0026nbsp;risks were related to environmental issues and climate change\u0026nbsp;for the first time since the report\u0027s investigation began\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;2007. On May 19, 2020, the team\u0026nbsp;behind the annual\u0026nbsp;Global Risks\u0026nbsp;Report summarized the risks, challenges and opportunities of the pandemicto guide better\u0026nbsp;decision making and discussions\u0026nbsp;in a report entitled\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19 Risk Outlook:\u0026nbsp;A Preliminary Mapping\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;it’s\u0026nbsp;Implications”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s\u0026nbsp;worst\u0026nbsp;pandemic in 100 years, COVID-19 has swept the world at an unprecedented speed,\u0026nbsp;resulting in\u0026nbsp;an economic crisis with serious social impacts, which could cause 500 million people to fall into poverty. Longer-term economic, environmental, social, and technological challenges and opportunities will become apparent only when countries are heading toward recovery. In order for societies, governments\u0026nbsp;and businesses\u0026nbsp;to avoid\u0026nbsp;missing\u0026nbsp;long-term opportunities, it is essential to anticipate a crisis\u0026nbsp;generated by repercussions from the\u0026nbsp;pandemic. The\u0026nbsp;report aims to provide an overview of the existing and emerging crises that have been amplified by this crisis, while acknowledging the need for further analysis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis report summarizes the views of approximately\u0026nbsp;350\u0026nbsp;senior\u0026nbsp;risk\u0026nbsp;professionals\u0026nbsp;who participated in the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;Risks Perception Survey.\u0026nbsp;The experts assessed 31 risks in three dimensions:\u0026nbsp;most likely for the world, most concerning for the world,\u0026nbsp;and most worrisome for companies.\u0026nbsp;The biggest concern for companies was the economic downturn caused by COVID-19. Two-thirds of respondents pointed to the prolonged global recession as the number one concern for businesses. Half of the respondents considered bankruptcy, industrial integration, failed industrial recovery and supply chain fragmentation as serious concerns. Companies also cited cyber attacks, data fraud, and IT infrastructure and network failures. They\u0026nbsp;also expressed concern about geopolitical fragmentation for business, and 40% of respondents pointed out that movement restrictions on people and goods were one of the serious effects of COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen the results\u0026nbsp;were organized and interpreted, four important issues have emerged, namely,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;economic shifts, sustainabilitysetbacks, social\u0026nbsp;anxieties, and technology dependence.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails on these\u0026nbsp;four key areas\u0026nbsp;are available at:\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u0022\u003EWorld Economic Forum. COVID-19 Risks Outlook. A Preliminary Mapping and Its Implications\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. COVID-19 Risks Outlook. A Preliminary Mapping and Its Implications. May 19, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_COVID_19_Risks_Outlook_Special_Edition_Pages.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_COVID_19_Risks_Outlook_Special_Edition_Pages.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/covid-19-global-risk-landscape/\u0022\u003ESeveral crises in one: what effects will COVID-19 have on the global risk landscape?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; May 19, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Risk Report 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u0022\u003ESummary\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200520#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "44. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック － 世界経済フォーラム：COVID-19リスク見通し", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "44. World Economic Forum: COVID-19 Risk Outlook 2020-05-20", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界経済フォーラム (World Economic Forum)は、世界的なリーダーや政策立案者の意見を反映した「グローバル・リスク報告書 」を毎年発表しています。今年初めに公表された2020年版報告書では、報告書の調査開始(2007年)以来初めて、認識される上位5件全てのリスクが環境問題・気候変動に関するものでした。2020年5月19日、同報告書の編纂に関わるチームが、パンデミックによるリスク・挑戦・機会をとりまとめた「COVID-19リスク見通し：先行的なリスク位置付けと含意」を発表、賢明な意思決定と議論の拠り所となる情報を提供しました。約350人のリスク分析専門家への意識調査の結果、経済シフト・持続性追求の後退・社会不安・技術依存、の4つの重要な課題が現れてました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Economic Forum publishes a Global Risk Report each year that reflects the views of global leaders and policy makers. In the 2020 report published earlier this year, all of the top five perceived risks were related to environmental issues and climate change for the first time since the report\u0027s investigation began in 2007. On May 19, 2020, the team behind the annual Global Risks Report summarized the risks, challenges and opportunities of the pandemic, to guide better decision making and discussions. As a result of a survey of the views of about 350 senior risk professionals, four important issues have emerged, namely, economic shift, recession for sustainability, social unrest, and technology dependence.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界経済フォーラム (World Economic Forum)は、世界的なリーダーや政策立案者の意見を反映した「グローバル・リスク報告書 」を毎年発表しています。今年初めに公表された2020年版報告書では、報告書の調査開始(2007年)以来初めて、認識される上位5件全てのリスクが環境問題・気候変動に関するものでした(https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200213)。2020年5月19日、グローバル・リスク報告書の編纂に関わるチームが、パンデミックによるリスク・挑戦・機会をとりまとめた「COVID-19リスク見通し：先行的なリスク位置付けと含意(COVID-19 Risks Outlook. A Preliminary Mapping and Its Implications.) 」を発表、賢明な意思決定と議論の拠り所となる情報を提供しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E100年ぶりの世界的パンデミックをもたらしたCOVID-19は、かつてないスピードで世界を席巻し、深刻な社会的影響を伴う経済危機を引き起こし、5億人が貧困に陥りかねないとされています。経済・環境・社会・技術面でのより長期的な挑戦と機会が明らかになるのは、各国が復興に向かう段階になってからと考えられます。社会・政府・ビジネス界が長期的な機会を逃さないためには、パンデミックの反動による危機を想定しておくことが肝要です。本報告書は、今後の詳しい分析が必要と認めつつも、今回の危機によって増幅される従来の危機や新たに出現するであろう危機について、予め全体像を示すことを目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書は、COVID-19リスクに関する認識調査に参加した約350人のリスク分析専門家の意見をまとめたものです。専門家は、世界で最も起こりうる可能性、世界で最も懸念される事項、企業にとって最も懸案される事項、の3つの側面から31のリスクを判断しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E企業の最大の懸念を占めたのが、COVID-19による経済的低迷です。回答者の3分の2が世界不況の長期化がビジネスにとっての最大の懸念事項と挙げました。回答者の半数は、倒産や産業統合、産業回復の失敗、サプライチェーンの分断を、深刻な懸念としてみなしました。企業はまた、サイバーアタックやデータ詐欺、ITインフラやネットワークの破綻を挙げました。さらに、ビジネスにとり地政学的な分断についても懸念を示し、回答者の40％が人々・モノの移動規制をCOVID-19による深刻な影響の一つとして指摘しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E結果を整理解釈すると、経済シフト・持続性追求の後退・社会不安・技術依存、の4つの重要な課題が現れてきました。以下、経済と持続性について要点を述べます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E経済シフト：構造変化による新たなリスクの浮上(Economic shifts: Emerging risks from structural change)―　回答者は次の18か月間に予測される経済不況を見越し、COVID-19が経済活動を蒸発させ、対応パッケージとして数兆ドルが費やされ、世界経済の構造変化をもたらすことを懸念しています。累積される債務は、今後何年間にもわたり政府予算・企業業績の足かせとなるでしょう。世界経済関係も様変わりし、新興経済は深刻な危機に落ち込みかねず、ビジネス界は厳しい消費・生産・競争パターンに直面します。調査では経済懸念が支配的でしたが、これらリスクは環境・社会・技術的にも波及的な影響を及ぼします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E持続性追求の後退： 行き詰まりによる新たなリスク(Sustainability setbacks: Emerging risks from stalling progress)―世界にとって最も深刻な環境問題は、気候変動対応への投資不足であり、18％の回答者が起こり得るリスクの一つ、16％が最も懸念されるリスクの一つとしました。ロックダウンにより産業活動が世界的に落ち込み、世界的に排出ガスや汚染が一時的に減少しても、COVID-19は危機後の地球と種の多様性に深刻な影響をもたらしかねません。国々が緊急の医療保険危機から脱却して経済復興に注力する中、新たな労働慣行や旅行・通勤・消費への態度の変化は、低炭素化への道のりを後押しするかもしれません。しかし復興対策において持続性への配慮を排除したり、排出を伴う世界経済への回帰は、気候変動に強靭な低炭素経済への転換を困難にします。対応策への過小投資や既存のコミットメントからの引き上げ、気候変動対策活動の弱体化が起これば、ここ数年間の努力が水の泡と化しかねません。その結果、環境劣化、生物多様性喪失と人獣共通感染症アウトブレークが続くという悪循環にはまりかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. COVID-19 Risks Outlook. A Preliminary Mapping and Its Implications. May 19, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_COVID_19_Risks_Outlook_Special_Edition_Pages.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_COVID_19_Risks_Outlook_Special_Edition_Pages.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. Several crises in one: what effects will COVID-19 have on the global risk landscape?\u0026nbsp; May 19, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/covid-19-global-risk-landscape/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/covid-19-global-risk-landscape/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際機関動向　世界経済フォーラム (World Economic Forum) (2020)「グローバル・リスク報告書 2020: Global Risk Report 2020」概要\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200213\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200213\u003C/a\u003E　\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Economic Forum publishes a Global Risk Report each year that reflects the views of global leaders and policy makers. In the 2020 report published earlier this year, all of the top five\u0026nbsp;perceived\u0026nbsp;risks were related to environmental issues and climate change\u0026nbsp;for the first time since the report\u0027s investigation began\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;2007. On May 19, 2020, the team\u0026nbsp;behind the annual\u0026nbsp;Global Risks\u0026nbsp;Report summarized the risks, challenges and opportunities of the pandemicto guide better\u0026nbsp;decision making and discussions\u0026nbsp;in a report entitled\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19 Risk Outlook:\u0026nbsp;A Preliminary Mapping\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;it’s\u0026nbsp;Implications”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe world\u0027s\u0026nbsp;worst\u0026nbsp;pandemic in 100 years, COVID-19 has swept the world at an unprecedented speed,\u0026nbsp;resulting in\u0026nbsp;an economic crisis with serious social impacts, which could cause 500 million people to fall into poverty. Longer-term economic, environmental, social, and technological challenges and opportunities will become apparent only when countries are heading toward recovery. In order for societies, governments\u0026nbsp;and businesses\u0026nbsp;to avoid\u0026nbsp;missing\u0026nbsp;long-term opportunities, it is essential to anticipate a crisis\u0026nbsp;generated by repercussions from the\u0026nbsp;pandemic. The\u0026nbsp;report aims to provide an overview of the existing and emerging crises that have been amplified by this crisis, while acknowledging the need for further analysis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis report summarizes the views of approximately\u0026nbsp;350\u0026nbsp;senior\u0026nbsp;risk\u0026nbsp;professionals\u0026nbsp;who participated in the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;Risks Perception Survey.\u0026nbsp;The experts assessed 31 risks in three dimensions:\u0026nbsp;most likely for the world, most concerning for the world,\u0026nbsp;and most worrisome for companies.\u0026nbsp;The biggest concern for companies was the economic downturn caused by COVID-19. Two-thirds of respondents pointed to the prolonged global recession as the number one concern for businesses. Half of the respondents considered bankruptcy, industrial integration, failed industrial recovery and supply chain fragmentation as serious concerns. Companies also cited cyber attacks, data fraud, and IT infrastructure and network failures. They\u0026nbsp;also expressed concern about geopolitical fragmentation for business, and 40% of respondents pointed out that movement restrictions on people and goods were one of the serious effects of COVID-19.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhen the results\u0026nbsp;were organized and interpreted, four important issues have emerged, namely,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;economic shifts, sustainabilitysetbacks, social\u0026nbsp;anxieties, and technology dependence.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails on these\u0026nbsp;four key areas\u0026nbsp;are available at:\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u0022\u003EWorld Economic Forum. COVID-19 Risks Outlook. A Preliminary Mapping and Its Implications\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. COVID-19 Risks Outlook. A Preliminary Mapping and Its Implications. May 19, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/reports/covid-19-risks-outlook-a-preliminary-mapping-and-its-implications\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_COVID_19_Risks_Outlook_Special_Edition_Pages.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_COVID_19_Risks_Outlook_Special_Edition_Pages.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/05/covid-19-global-risk-landscape/\u0022\u003ESeveral crises in one: what effects will COVID-19 have on the global risk landscape?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; May 19, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Risk Report 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf\u0022\u003ESummary\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200520_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200623#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "45. The Impact of COVID-19 on Fisheries and Aquaculture", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "45. The Impact of COVID-19 on Fisheries and Aquaculture", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Since the fisheries industry relies heavily on international trade, regulations and restrictions on movement and distribution taken as a countermeasure against the pandemic of the new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) have caused a sharp chill in the seafood market. The seafood value chain is at risk due to declining consumer demand. Due to lack of supplies, it is still difficult to secure an appropriate working environment to prevent COVID-19 infection. Under such circumstances, the movement of the fisheries industry is beginning to take place in anticipation of the post-pandemic, including the construction of a new direct sales system.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Since the fisheries industry relies heavily on international trade, regulations and restrictions on movement and distribution taken as a countermeasure against the pandemic of the new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) have caused a sharp chill in the seafood market. The seafood value chain is at risk due to declining consumer demand. Due to lack of supplies, it is still difficult to secure an appropriate working environment to prevent COVID-19 infection. Under such circumstances, the movement of the fisheries industry is beginning to take place in anticipation of the post-pandemic, including the construction of a new direct sales system.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) discussed\u0026nbsp;the potential impact of COVID-19 on the fishing industry in\u0026nbsp;a Q\u0026amp;A\u0026nbsp;platform.\u0026nbsp;Some of these\u0026nbsp;views organized from the perspectives of movement restrictions, stagnation of distribution, and the working environment\u0026nbsp;are presented here.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●\u0026nbsp;Impact of movement restrictions and stagnation on fisheries\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe global market has cooled with the spread of COVID-19 infections, and the fishing industry, which relies heavily on international trade, has been significantly affected from an early stage. The seafood supply chain is facing a crisis as consumer demand declines due to the closure of hotels, restaurants, school lunches and employee cafeterias. In addition, many women have employment opportunities in industries related to the distribution and consumption of marine products, and COVID-19 has a considerable impact from the perspective of women\u0027s social advancement.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERestrictions on the movement of people due to lockdowns and the resulting stagnation in the transportation of goods make it difficult to trade seafood.\u0026nbsp;In particular, the salmon industry\u0026nbsp;has suffered greatly from\u0026nbsp;increased\u0026nbsp;air\u0026nbsp;freight\u0026nbsp;costs and cancellation of flights. In the tuna fishery,\u0026nbsp;movement restrictions have also prevented repatriation and replacement of crew members or fisheries observers\u0026nbsp;of fishing vessels. In addition, seeds, baits, and other materials related to aquaculture (such as vaccines for aquaculture) are becoming scarce in the entire aquaculture industry. In addition, a large amount of fish that cannot be shipped in cages, increasing the cost of these feeds and increasing the risk of increased mortality. In the fishing industry, the number of operations has decreased due to sluggish demand and prices, and the landing volume has decreased accordingly. Lower fishing pressures may have a positive impact on natural fish resources in the short term. However, before that, some companies may become financially inaccessible or give up on the fishing industry from the perspective of incentives.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESeafood and processed marine products are the most actively traded foods in the world, with approximately 38% being imported and exported. At the same time, in many communities that depend on seafood, in low-income countries and in developing countries such as island countries, fisheries and aquaculture are important sources of household income. Various measures to curb the spread of COVID-19 have led to a stagnation in the food industry and tourism, a reduction in the transportation industry, delays in cross-border procedures, and the like, causing confusion in domestic and overseas supply chains. Live fish, fresh fish, and chilled fish, which account for 45% of the marine products consumed, are extremely fragile, which makes logistics even more difficult. If the seafood is not delivered to the fish processing plant through the cold chain at the right time, it will cause a lot of food loss. In addition, fisheries processing plants suffer from lack of protective equipment and clothing for hygiene management.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●\u0026nbsp;Impact on the working environment related to fisheries\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince COVID-19 does not infect aquatic organisms, it does not infect humans via aquatic products. There are no known cases of infection via food packaging. However, it was announced that one employee was the source of infection at a fishery factory in Ghana, and another 533 employees had a mass outbreak of COVID-19. Therefore, maintaining and improving an appropriate occupational health environment in the process of food processing, distribution and consumption remains important.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is difficult for fishermen who live on a fishing boat for a long period of time to live together and\u0026nbsp;maintain physical distancing\u0026nbsp;on board fishing vessels. If\u0026nbsp;fishing vessels are forced to\u0026nbsp;reduce the number of\u0026nbsp;crew\u0026nbsp;to or because\u0026nbsp;of the\u0026nbsp;difficulty\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;securing\u0026nbsp;fishers,\u0026nbsp;this may result in working for\u0026nbsp;longer\u0026nbsp;time\u0026nbsp;that may cause fatigue and stress among the crew, and compromise\u0026nbsp;safety measures. Also, as you know in the case of a cruise ship, it is difficult to land on a doctor even if a symptom of COVID-19 infection is suspected while on board.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn many developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented economic, social and health crisis for the most vulnerable groups, including female and seasonal workers and migrants involved in the fishing industry. These people, who are often not officially registered as workers, do not have access to social aid, which could increase the secondary damage of the pandemic due to poverty and hunger.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●\u0026nbsp;Future outlook\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn some areas, retail sales have increased as a result of stagnant food distribution. In some cases, canned seafood and dried products suitable for storage were bought up early in the pandemic, but there are reports that demand for retort foods and surimi\u0026nbsp;products that are effective in storage is growing in Japan. Demand for such products exceeds their production capacities in some areas, and producers\u0027 efforts are continuing, such as focusing on the best-selling products for stable supply. On the other hand, new attempts are being made in terms of distribution, such as the construction of a direct sales system that replaces the existing fresh fish sales. Some fishermen are taking measures such as targeting the domestic market by changing the gear used and the species to be caught. These flexible responses are considered to be important for sustaining the community of fisheries personnel during and after the pandemic.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is uncertain how long the pandemic will last and how severely it will affect the fisheries industry, but long-term market stagnation is likely to cause major changes in the fisheries sector. Extensive COVID-19 containment strategies threaten foreign currency depletion and food security for seafood imports and exports. But keeping the supply chain open is fundamental to avoiding the global food crisis\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:medium\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Calibri, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022caret-color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-style:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-variant-caps:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-weight:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022letter-spacing:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022orphans:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-transform:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022white-space:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022widows:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022word-spacing:0px\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-decoration:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:10pt\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Arial, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#1a1a1a\u0022\u003E.\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/impact-on-fisheries-and-aquaculture/en/\u0022\u003EQ\u0026amp;A: COVID-19 pandemic - impact on fisheries and aquaculture\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Nihon Keizai Shimbun「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO58970540S0A510C2000000/\u0022\u003Eガーナの水産工場「1人から533人感染」　大統領発表\u003C/a\u003E」2020/5/12\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Japan Food Journal「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.nissyoku.co.jp/news/honmiya20200423010044133\u0022\u003E新型コロナ：水産練り製品、市場活況続く「良質タンパク」が追い風\u003C/a\u003E」2020/5/1　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: ABE Osamu (Director, Fisheries Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) discussed\u0026nbsp;the potential impact of COVID-19 on the fishing industry in\u0026nbsp;a Q\u0026amp;A\u0026nbsp;platform.\u0026nbsp;Some of these\u0026nbsp;views organized from the perspectives of movement restrictions, stagnation of distribution, and the working environment\u0026nbsp;are presented here.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●\u0026nbsp;Impact of movement restrictions and stagnation on fisheries\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe global market has cooled with the spread of COVID-19 infections, and the fishing industry, which relies heavily on international trade, has been significantly affected from an early stage. The seafood supply chain is facing a crisis as consumer demand declines due to the closure of hotels, restaurants, school lunches and employee cafeterias. In addition, many women have employment opportunities in industries related to the distribution and consumption of marine products, and COVID-19 has a considerable impact from the perspective of women\u0027s social advancement.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERestrictions on the movement of people due to lockdowns and the resulting stagnation in the transportation of goods make it difficult to trade seafood.\u0026nbsp;In particular, the salmon industry\u0026nbsp;has suffered greatly from\u0026nbsp;increased\u0026nbsp;air\u0026nbsp;freight\u0026nbsp;costs and cancellation of flights. In the tuna fishery,\u0026nbsp;movement restrictions have also prevented repatriation and replacement of crew members or fisheries observers\u0026nbsp;of fishing vessels. In addition, seeds, baits, and other materials related to aquaculture (such as vaccines for aquaculture) are becoming scarce in the entire aquaculture industry. In addition, a large amount of fish that cannot be shipped in cages, increasing the cost of these feeds and increasing the risk of increased mortality. In the fishing industry, the number of operations has decreased due to sluggish demand and prices, and the landing volume has decreased accordingly. Lower fishing pressures may have a positive impact on natural fish resources in the short term. However, before that, some companies may become financially inaccessible or give up on the fishing industry from the perspective of incentives.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESeafood and processed marine products are the most actively traded foods in the world, with approximately 38% being imported and exported. At the same time, in many communities that depend on seafood, in low-income countries and in developing countries such as island countries, fisheries and aquaculture are important sources of household income. Various measures to curb the spread of COVID-19 have led to a stagnation in the food industry and tourism, a reduction in the transportation industry, delays in cross-border procedures, and the like, causing confusion in domestic and overseas supply chains. Live fish, fresh fish, and chilled fish, which account for 45% of the marine products consumed, are extremely fragile, which makes logistics even more difficult. If the seafood is not delivered to the fish processing plant through the cold chain at the right time, it will cause a lot of food loss. In addition, fisheries processing plants suffer from lack of protective equipment and clothing for hygiene management.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●\u0026nbsp;Impact on the working environment related to fisheries\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince COVID-19 does not infect aquatic organisms, it does not infect humans via aquatic products. There are no known cases of infection via food packaging. However, it was announced that one employee was the source of infection at a fishery factory in Ghana, and another 533 employees had a mass outbreak of COVID-19. Therefore, maintaining and improving an appropriate occupational health environment in the process of food processing, distribution and consumption remains important.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is difficult for fishermen who live on a fishing boat for a long period of time to live together and\u0026nbsp;maintain physical distancing\u0026nbsp;on board fishing vessels. If\u0026nbsp;fishing vessels are forced to\u0026nbsp;reduce the number of\u0026nbsp;crew\u0026nbsp;to or because\u0026nbsp;of the\u0026nbsp;difficulty\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;securing\u0026nbsp;fishers,\u0026nbsp;this may result in working for\u0026nbsp;longer\u0026nbsp;time\u0026nbsp;that may cause fatigue and stress among the crew, and compromise\u0026nbsp;safety measures. Also, as you know in the case of a cruise ship, it is difficult to land on a doctor even if a symptom of COVID-19 infection is suspected while on board.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn many developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented economic, social and health crisis for the most vulnerable groups, including female and seasonal workers and migrants involved in the fishing industry. These people, who are often not officially registered as workers, do not have access to social aid, which could increase the secondary damage of the pandemic due to poverty and hunger.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●\u0026nbsp;Future outlook\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn some areas, retail sales have increased as a result of stagnant food distribution. In some cases, canned seafood and dried products suitable for storage were bought up early in the pandemic, but there are reports that demand for retort foods and surimi\u0026nbsp;products that are effective in storage is growing in Japan. Demand for such products exceeds their production capacities in some areas, and producers\u0027 efforts are continuing, such as focusing on the best-selling products for stable supply. On the other hand, new attempts are being made in terms of distribution, such as the construction of a direct sales system that replaces the existing fresh fish sales. Some fishermen are taking measures such as targeting the domestic market by changing the gear used and the species to be caught. These flexible responses are considered to be important for sustaining the community of fisheries personnel during and after the pandemic.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is uncertain how long the pandemic will last and how severely it will affect the fisheries industry, but long-term market stagnation is likely to cause major changes in the fisheries sector. Extensive COVID-19 containment strategies threaten foreign currency depletion and food security for seafood imports and exports. But keeping the supply chain open is fundamental to avoiding the global food crisis\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:medium\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Calibri, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022caret-color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-style:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-variant-caps:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-weight:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022letter-spacing:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022orphans:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-transform:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022white-space:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022widows:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022word-spacing:0px\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-decoration:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:10pt\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Arial, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#1a1a1a\u0022\u003E.\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/impact-on-fisheries-and-aquaculture/en/\u0022\u003EQ\u0026amp;A: COVID-19 pandemic - impact on fisheries and aquaculture\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Nihon Keizai Shimbun「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO58970540S0A510C2000000/\u0022\u003Eガーナの水産工場「1人から533人感染」　大統領発表\u003C/a\u003E」2020/5/12\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Japan Food Journal「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.nissyoku.co.jp/news/honmiya20200423010044133\u0022\u003E新型コロナ：水産練り製品、市場活況続く「良質タンパク」が追い風\u003C/a\u003E」2020/5/1　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: ABE Osamu (Director, Fisheries Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200521#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "45. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― COVID-19の漁業・養殖業への影響 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "45. The Impact of COVID-19 on Fisheries and Aquaculture", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "水産業は国際貿易に大きく依存しているため、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミック対策として取られた移動・流通の規制や制限は水産物市場の急激な冷え込みを招きました。消費者需要の減退により水産物バリューチェーンは危機に直面しています。物資の不足により、COVID-19感染を防ぐための適切な労働環境確保も困難な状況が続いています。このような状況において、新たな直販システムの構築など、パンデミック後を見据えた水産業の動きも起こり始めています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Since the fisheries industry relies heavily on international trade, regulations and restrictions on movement and distribution taken as a countermeasure against the pandemic of the new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) have caused a sharp chill in the seafood market. The seafood value chain is at risk due to declining consumer demand. Due to lack of supplies, it is still difficult to secure an appropriate working environment to prevent COVID-19 infection. Under such circumstances, the movement of the fisheries industry is beginning to take place in anticipation of the post-pandemic, including the construction of a new direct sales system.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、Q\u0026amp;Aの形で新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の水産業への影響の可能性を論じています。以下、そのうち幾つかの見解について、移動規制・流通停滞と労働環境の2つの視点に整理して紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●移動規制・流通停滞の水産業への影響\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19感染の蔓延とともに世界市場が冷え込み、国際貿易に大きく依存している水産業は早い段階から大きな影響を受けています。水産物のサプライチェーンは、ホテル・レストランや学校給食・社員食堂の閉鎖による消費者需要の減退により、危機に直面しています。また、水産物の流通・消費に係る業種では多くの女性が雇用機会を得ており、女性の社会進出の観点からもCOVID-19の影響は少なくありません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eロックダウンによる人の移動規制や、これに伴う物資移送の停滞は、水産物取引を困難にしています。特にサーモン養殖業では、空輸経費の増大と航空便の欠航の影響を大きく被りました。マグロ漁業では、操業オブザーバーや操業船の乗組員などの帰国や交替が出来なくなりました。また、養殖業全般で、種苗・餌や養殖に関連したその他の物資（養殖用ワクチン等）が不足してきています。さらに、養殖業では生け簀内に出荷できない魚が大量に残り、これらの餌代が嵩むとともに死亡率増加のリスクが増大しています。漁獲漁業では、需要と価格の低迷により操業回数が減り、これに伴って水揚げ量が減少しています。漁獲圧の低下により短期的には天然の水産資源に良い影響を及ぼすかもしれません。しかしながら、それ以前に財政的に立ち行かなくなったり、インセンティブの観点から水産業に見切りをつけたりする業者が出てくるかもしれません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E水産物や水産加工品は、世界中で最も盛んに国際商取引をされている食品であり、約38％が輸出入されています。同時に、水産物に依存する多くのコミュニティや、低収入国、あるいは島嶼国などの開発途上国において、漁業や養殖業は重要な家計収入の元となっています。COVID-19の蔓延を抑えるための様々な対策は、食品産業や観光業の停滞、輸送業の縮小、越境手続きの遅滞等を招き、その結果、国内外のサプライチェーンに混乱を引き起こしました。消費される水産物の45％に相当する活魚・鮮魚・冷蔵魚等は非常に傷みやすいものであり、このことがロジスティックスを更に困難なものとしています。水産物が適切な時期にコールドチェーンを経て水産加工場に届けられなければ、多くのフードロスを招くことになります。また、水産加工場では、衛生管理のための保護器材や衣類の不足で苦しんでいます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●水産に関わる労働環境への影響\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19は水生生物には感染しませんので、水産生物を経由して人間に感染することはありません。また、食品の包装を経由して感染した事例も知られていません。しかしながら、ガーナの水産工場では従業員1人が感染源となり、他の従業員533人がCOVID-19に集団感染する事案があったと発表されています。従って、食品加工・流通・消費の過程において、適切な労働衛生環境を維持・改善することは引き続き重要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E漁船に長期に渡って乗船して共同生活を営む漁業者は、狭い船室内で「三密」を避けることが困難です。「三密」を避けるため、もしくは船員の確保が困難になった等の理由で乗船者を減らすと、今度は長時間労働等を強いることになり、疲労やストレスなど、労働環境や安全対策を悪化させることになります。また、もし乗船中にCOVID-19感染が疑われる症状が発覚しても、上陸して医師に掛かることすら困難な状況になることは、クルーズ船の事例などでご承知の通りです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E多くの発展途上国では、COVID-19パンデミックは水産業に関わる女性労働者や季節労働者、移民など、最も弱いグループへ先例のない経済的・社会的および健康面での危機をもたらしました。これらの人々は、正式に労働者として登録されていない場合も多く、社会的な援助へのアクセスを持たないため、貧困や飢えなどによるパンデミックの2次被害が大きくなる懸念があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●今後の展望\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eある地域では、食品流通が停滞した結果、小売販売が増加したと報告されています。貯蔵に適した水産物の缶詰や保存製品は、パンデミックの初期に買い占めされたところもありましたが、国内では保存の効くレトルト食品や練り製品の需要が伸びているとの報道もあります。このような製品では生産能力を超える需要も一部で発生しており、売れ筋商品に生産を絞り込んで安定供給に取り組むなど、生産者の努力が続けられています。一方で、既存の鮮魚販売に置き換わる直販システムの構築など、流通の面でも新たな試みが起こっています。漁業者側では、使用する漁具や漁獲対象種を変えるなどの工夫により、国内市場にターゲットを絞るなどの対応をしている者もいます。これらの柔軟な対応が、パンデミック渦中及び終息後の水産業関係者のコミュニティ維持に重要と考えられます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパンデミックがいつまで続くか、水産業にどれほど深刻な影響を残すかついて現時点では不確実ですが、長期にわたる市場停滞は水産セクターに大きな変化を引き起こしそうです。広範囲にわたるCOVID-19封じ込め戦略は、水産物輸出入国の外貨減少や食糧安全保障を脅かしています。しかし、サプライチェーンをオープンなものとしておくことは、世界の食物危機を避けるための基本なのです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. Q\u0026amp;A: COVID-19 pandemic - impact on fisheries and aquaculture　http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/impact-on-fisheries-and-aquaculture/en/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日本経済新聞「ガーナの水産工場「1人から533人感染」　大統領発表」2020/5/12 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO58970540S0A510C2000000/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO58970540S0A510C2000000/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日本食糧新聞「新型コロナ：水産練り製品、市場活況続く　「良質タンパク」が追い風」2020/5/1　https://news.nissyoku.co.jp/news/honmiya20200423010044133\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：水産領域　阿部寧）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) discussed\u0026nbsp;the potential impact of COVID-19 on the fishing industry in\u0026nbsp;a Q\u0026amp;A\u0026nbsp;platform.\u0026nbsp;Some of these\u0026nbsp;views organized from the perspectives of movement restrictions, stagnation of distribution, and the working environment\u0026nbsp;are presented here.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●\u0026nbsp;Impact of movement restrictions and stagnation on fisheries\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe global market has cooled with the spread of COVID-19 infections, and the fishing industry, which relies heavily on international trade, has been significantly affected from an early stage. The seafood supply chain is facing a crisis as consumer demand declines due to the closure of hotels, restaurants, school lunches and employee cafeterias. In addition, many women have employment opportunities in industries related to the distribution and consumption of marine products, and COVID-19 has a considerable impact from the perspective of women\u0027s social advancement.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERestrictions on the movement of people due to lockdowns and the resulting stagnation in the transportation of goods make it difficult to trade seafood.\u0026nbsp;In particular, the salmon industry\u0026nbsp;has suffered greatly from\u0026nbsp;increased\u0026nbsp;air\u0026nbsp;freight\u0026nbsp;costs and cancellation of flights. In the tuna fishery,\u0026nbsp;movement restrictions have also prevented repatriation and replacement of crew members or fisheries observers\u0026nbsp;of fishing vessels. In addition, seeds, baits, and other materials related to aquaculture (such as vaccines for aquaculture) are becoming scarce in the entire aquaculture industry. In addition, a large amount of fish that cannot be shipped in cages, increasing the cost of these feeds and increasing the risk of increased mortality. In the fishing industry, the number of operations has decreased due to sluggish demand and prices, and the landing volume has decreased accordingly. Lower fishing pressures may have a positive impact on natural fish resources in the short term. However, before that, some companies may become financially inaccessible or give up on the fishing industry from the perspective of incentives.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESeafood and processed marine products are the most actively traded foods in the world, with approximately 38% being imported and exported. At the same time, in many communities that depend on seafood, in low-income countries and in developing countries such as island countries, fisheries and aquaculture are important sources of household income. Various measures to curb the spread of COVID-19 have led to a stagnation in the food industry and tourism, a reduction in the transportation industry, delays in cross-border procedures, and the like, causing confusion in domestic and overseas supply chains. Live fish, fresh fish, and chilled fish, which account for 45% of the marine products consumed, are extremely fragile, which makes logistics even more difficult. If the seafood is not delivered to the fish processing plant through the cold chain at the right time, it will cause a lot of food loss. In addition, fisheries processing plants suffer from lack of protective equipment and clothing for hygiene management.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●\u0026nbsp;Impact on the working environment related to fisheries\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince COVID-19 does not infect aquatic organisms, it does not infect humans via aquatic products. There are no known cases of infection via food packaging. However, it was announced that one employee was the source of infection at a fishery factory in Ghana, and another 533 employees had a mass outbreak of COVID-19. Therefore, maintaining and improving an appropriate occupational health environment in the process of food processing, distribution and consumption remains important.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is difficult for fishermen who live on a fishing boat for a long period of time to live together and\u0026nbsp;maintain physical distancing\u0026nbsp;on board fishing vessels. If\u0026nbsp;fishing vessels are forced to\u0026nbsp;reduce the number of\u0026nbsp;crew\u0026nbsp;to or because\u0026nbsp;of the\u0026nbsp;difficulty\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;securing\u0026nbsp;fishers,\u0026nbsp;this may result in working for\u0026nbsp;longer\u0026nbsp;time\u0026nbsp;that may cause fatigue and stress among the crew, and compromise\u0026nbsp;safety measures. Also, as you know in the case of a cruise ship, it is difficult to land on a doctor even if a symptom of COVID-19 infection is suspected while on board.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn many developing countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented economic, social and health crisis for the most vulnerable groups, including female and seasonal workers and migrants involved in the fishing industry. These people, who are often not officially registered as workers, do not have access to social aid, which could increase the secondary damage of the pandemic due to poverty and hunger.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E●\u0026nbsp;Future outlook\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn some areas, retail sales have increased as a result of stagnant food distribution. In some cases, canned seafood and dried products suitable for storage were bought up early in the pandemic, but there are reports that demand for retort foods and surimi\u0026nbsp;products that are effective in storage is growing in Japan. Demand for such products exceeds their production capacities in some areas, and producers\u0027 efforts are continuing, such as focusing on the best-selling products for stable supply. On the other hand, new attempts are being made in terms of distribution, such as the construction of a direct sales system that replaces the existing fresh fish sales. Some fishermen are taking measures such as targeting the domestic market by changing the gear used and the species to be caught. These flexible responses are considered to be important for sustaining the community of fisheries personnel during and after the pandemic.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is uncertain how long the pandemic will last and how severely it will affect the fisheries industry, but long-term market stagnation is likely to cause major changes in the fisheries sector. Extensive COVID-19 containment strategies threaten foreign currency depletion and food security for seafood imports and exports. But keeping the supply chain open is fundamental to avoiding the global food crisis\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:medium\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Calibri, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022caret-color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-style:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-variant-caps:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-weight:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022letter-spacing:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022orphans:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-transform:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022white-space:normal\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022widows:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022word-spacing:0px\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022-webkit-text-size-adjust:auto\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022text-decoration:none\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size:10pt\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:Arial, sans-serif\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022color:#1a1a1a\u0022\u003E.\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/2019-ncov/q-and-a/impact-on-fisheries-and-aquaculture/en/\u0022\u003EQ\u0026amp;A: COVID-19 pandemic - impact on fisheries and aquaculture\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Nihon Keizai Shimbun「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO58970540S0A510C2000000/\u0022\u003Eガーナの水産工場「1人から533人感染」　大統領発表\u003C/a\u003E」2020/5/12\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Japan Food Journal「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.nissyoku.co.jp/news/honmiya20200423010044133\u0022\u003E新型コロナ：水産練り製品、市場活況続く「良質タンパク」が追い風\u003C/a\u003E」2020/5/1　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: ABE Osamu (Director, Fisheries Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200521_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200622_4#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "46. International Day for Biological Diversity", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "46. International Day for Biological Diversity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The International Day for Biological Diversity is designated by the United Nations to promote awareness and the issues related to the loss of biodiversity. It is currently observed on May 22 every year. For 2020, the theme is “our solutions are in nature”. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the international community faces the opportunity to reassess its relationship with the natural world. The year 2020 is also the final year of the 2011-2020 Strategic Plan on Biodiversity and the 2011-2020 United Nations Decade on Biodiversity.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The International Day for Biological Diversity is designated by the United Nations to promote awareness and the issues related to the loss of biodiversity. It is currently observed on May 22 every year. For 2020, the theme is “our solutions are in nature”. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the international community faces the opportunity to reassess its relationship with the natural world. The year 2020 is also the final year of the 2011-2020 Strategic Plan on Biodiversity and the 2011-2020 United Nations Decade on Biodiversity.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EMay 22 is\u0026nbsp;designated by the United Nations as the\u0026nbsp;International Day for Biological Diversity to\u0026nbsp;promote\u0026nbsp;awareness\u0026nbsp;on the loss of\u0026nbsp;biodiversity and issues involved. The theme for 2020 is “our solutions are in nature”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the international community faces the opportunity to reassess its relationship with the natural world. Despite technological advances, humans rely on a healthy and vibrant ecosystem for health, water, medicines, clothing, fuels, shelter, energy and more.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0027s theme is an opportunity to eemphasize\u0026nbsp;the need for humanity to build a future that coexists with nature in all respects, and to see the importance of strengthening resilience of countries and communities as\u0026nbsp;the world\u0026nbsp;recovers\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;pandemic.\u0026nbsp;The year\u0026nbsp;2020 is the final year of the\u0026nbsp;2011-2020 Strategic Plan on Biodiversity.\u0026nbsp;It is also the\u0026nbsp;final year of the\u0026nbsp;2011-2020 United Nations\u0026nbsp;Decade on\u0026nbsp;Biodiversity, and the\u0026nbsp;transitional phase for the\u0026nbsp;2021-2030 United Nations\u0026nbsp;Decade of Ocean\u0026nbsp;Science for\u0026nbsp;Sustainable Development\u0026nbsp;and the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration,\u0026nbsp;a continuance of another decade for\u0026nbsp;the recovery of the ecosystem.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Ms. Elizabeth Maruma Mrema,\u0026nbsp;Acting Executive Secretary of the\u0026nbsp;Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), “Biodiversity loss is a direct result of our short-sighted human activities including uncontrolled mining and infrastructure development, unsustainable farming and deforestation”.\u0026nbsp;She also added that\u0026nbsp;all these\u0026nbsp;activities\u0026nbsp;have degraded ecosystems and have created the conditions that lead to events like possibly the pandemic.\u0026nbsp;In conclusion, she reiterated that “While the world is striving to end this pandemic, we all need to take urgent concerted and collaborative\u0026nbsp;actions to build a resilient and sustainable global economy that incorporates nature at its heart, even as\u0026nbsp;we build back from the crisis”.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.cbd.int/idb/\u0022\u003ECBD International Day for Biological Diversity - 22 May\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EMay 22 is\u0026nbsp;designated by the United Nations as the\u0026nbsp;International Day for Biological Diversity to\u0026nbsp;promote\u0026nbsp;awareness\u0026nbsp;on the loss of\u0026nbsp;biodiversity and issues involved. The theme for 2020 is “our solutions are in nature”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the international community faces the opportunity to reassess its relationship with the natural world. Despite technological advances, humans rely on a healthy and vibrant ecosystem for health, water, medicines, clothing, fuels, shelter, energy and more.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0027s theme is an opportunity to eemphasize\u0026nbsp;the need for humanity to build a future that coexists with nature in all respects, and to see the importance of strengthening resilience of countries and communities as\u0026nbsp;the world\u0026nbsp;recovers\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;pandemic.\u0026nbsp;The year\u0026nbsp;2020 is the final year of the\u0026nbsp;2011-2020 Strategic Plan on Biodiversity.\u0026nbsp;It is also the\u0026nbsp;final year of the\u0026nbsp;2011-2020 United Nations\u0026nbsp;Decade on\u0026nbsp;Biodiversity, and the\u0026nbsp;transitional phase for the\u0026nbsp;2021-2030 United Nations\u0026nbsp;Decade of Ocean\u0026nbsp;Science for\u0026nbsp;Sustainable Development\u0026nbsp;and the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration,\u0026nbsp;a continuance of another decade for\u0026nbsp;the recovery of the ecosystem.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Ms. Elizabeth Maruma Mrema,\u0026nbsp;Acting Executive Secretary of the\u0026nbsp;Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), “Biodiversity loss is a direct result of our short-sighted human activities including uncontrolled mining and infrastructure development, unsustainable farming and deforestation”.\u0026nbsp;She also added that\u0026nbsp;all these\u0026nbsp;activities\u0026nbsp;have degraded ecosystems and have created the conditions that lead to events like possibly the pandemic.\u0026nbsp;In conclusion, she reiterated that “While the world is striving to end this pandemic, we all need to take urgent concerted and collaborative\u0026nbsp;actions to build a resilient and sustainable global economy that incorporates nature at its heart, even as\u0026nbsp;we build back from the crisis”.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.cbd.int/idb/\u0022\u003ECBD International Day for Biological Diversity - 22 May\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200522#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "46. 国際生物多様性の日", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "46. International Day for Biological Diversity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E毎年5月22日は国際生物多様性の日 (International Day for Biological Diversity) であり、生物の多様性が失われつつあること、また、それに纏わる諸問題に対する人々の認知を広めるために国連が制定した記念日だそうです。2020年は、「解決策は自然の中にある: Our solutions are in nature」をテーマとしています。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックを踏まえても、国際社会は自然界との関係を見直す機会に直面しています。2020年は、2011-2020年生物多様性戦略計画の最終年かつ、2011-2020年国連生物多様性の10年最終年でもあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The International Day for Biological Diversity is designated by the United Nations to promote awareness and the issues related to the loss of biodiversity. It is currently observed on May 22 every year. For 2020, the theme is “our solutions are in nature”. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the international community faces the opportunity to reassess its relationship with the natural world. The year 2020 is also the final year of the 2011-2020 Strategic Plan on Biodiversity and the 2011-2020 United Nations Decade on Biodiversity.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E（2021年国際生物多様性の日のPickUp記事は\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200522\u0022\u003Eこちら\u003C/a\u003E）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E毎年5月22日は国際生物多様性の日 (International Day for Biological Diversity) であり、生物の多様性が失われつつあること、また、それに纏わる諸問題に対する人々の認知を広めるために国連が制定した記念日だそうです。2020年は、「解決策は自然の中にある: Our solutions are in nature」をテーマとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックを踏まえても、国際社会は自然界との関係を見直す機会に直面しています。技術的進歩にも関わらず、人類は保健・水・医薬品・衣服・燃料・シェルター・エネルギーなどを、健全で活力あるエコシステムに依存しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今年のテーマは、人類が将来に向けて全ての側面において自然と共存する未来を築く必要性を説き、パンデミックから復興するにつれ、国々・コミュニティが強靭性を高める重要性を見つめる機会となっています。2020年は、2011-2020年生物多様性戦略計画の最終年かつ、2011-2020年国連生物多様性の10年最終年でもあり、2021-2030年における、国連持続可能な開発のための海洋科学の10年、エコシステム復興のための10年、に引き継ぐ年でもあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E生物の多様性に関する条約 (Convention on Biological Diversity：CBD)トップは、次のように述べました。生物多様性の喪失は、無秩序な鉱山・インフラ開発や非持続的な農業と森林破壊を含む近視眼的な人間活動の直接的な結果です。これら活動はエコシステムを劣化させ、パンデミックのような事態をもたらす条件を作り出します。世界がパンデミックの封じ込めに取り組む中、我々は自然を拠り所とした強靭で持続的なグローバル経済を構築するために協調しなければなりません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECBD International Day for Biological Diversity - 22 May \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.cbd.int/idb/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.cbd.int/idb/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EMay 22 is\u0026nbsp;designated by the United Nations as the\u0026nbsp;International Day for Biological Diversity to\u0026nbsp;promote\u0026nbsp;awareness\u0026nbsp;on the loss of\u0026nbsp;biodiversity and issues involved. The theme for 2020 is “our solutions are in nature”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the international community faces the opportunity to reassess its relationship with the natural world. Despite technological advances, humans rely on a healthy and vibrant ecosystem for health, water, medicines, clothing, fuels, shelter, energy and more.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year\u0027s theme is an opportunity to eemphasize\u0026nbsp;the need for humanity to build a future that coexists with nature in all respects, and to see the importance of strengthening resilience of countries and communities as\u0026nbsp;the world\u0026nbsp;recovers\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;pandemic.\u0026nbsp;The year\u0026nbsp;2020 is the final year of the\u0026nbsp;2011-2020 Strategic Plan on Biodiversity.\u0026nbsp;It is also the\u0026nbsp;final year of the\u0026nbsp;2011-2020 United Nations\u0026nbsp;Decade on\u0026nbsp;Biodiversity, and the\u0026nbsp;transitional phase for the\u0026nbsp;2021-2030 United Nations\u0026nbsp;Decade of Ocean\u0026nbsp;Science for\u0026nbsp;Sustainable Development\u0026nbsp;and the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration,\u0026nbsp;a continuance of another decade for\u0026nbsp;the recovery of the ecosystem.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to Ms. Elizabeth Maruma Mrema,\u0026nbsp;Acting Executive Secretary of the\u0026nbsp;Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), “Biodiversity loss is a direct result of our short-sighted human activities including uncontrolled mining and infrastructure development, unsustainable farming and deforestation”.\u0026nbsp;She also added that\u0026nbsp;all these\u0026nbsp;activities\u0026nbsp;have degraded ecosystems and have created the conditions that lead to events like possibly the pandemic.\u0026nbsp;In conclusion, she reiterated that “While the world is striving to end this pandemic, we all need to take urgent concerted and collaborative\u0026nbsp;actions to build a resilient and sustainable global economy that incorporates nature at its heart, even as\u0026nbsp;we build back from the crisis”.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.cbd.int/idb/\u0022\u003ECBD International Day for Biological Diversity - 22 May\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200522_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200622_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "47. United Nations: Statistical Perspective on How COVID-19 is Changing the World", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "47. United Nations: Statistical Perspective on How COVID-19 is Changing the World", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The COVID-19 pandemic has turned the world upside downaffecting every aspect of people\u0027s way of life including how they live, how they work and communicate, and how they move. Decisions made over the next few months could affect generations, and governments need to make informed decisions. The the Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities (CCSA), consisting of 36 UN agencies and international organizations, released a report entitled “How COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective”, highlighting COVID-19\u0027s economic and social impacts and regional trends that were not anticipated only a few months ago.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The COVID-19 pandemic has turned the world upside downaffecting every aspect of people\u0027s way of life including how they live, how they work and communicate, and how they move. Decisions made over the next few months could affect generations, and governments need to make informed decisions. The the Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities (CCSA), consisting of 36 UN agencies and international organizations, released a report entitled “How COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective”, highlighting COVID-19\u0027s economic and social impacts and regional trends that were not anticipated only a few months ago.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities\u0026nbsp;(CCSA), which consists of 36 UN agencies and international organizations,\u0026nbsp;released a report entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022How COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective\u0022. The report shows highlights of COVID-19\u0027s economic and social impacts\u0026nbsp;and regional trends that were unexpected a few months ago.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the report.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic\u0026nbsp;has turned the world upside down\u0026nbsp;affecting every aspect of people\u0027s way of life\u0026nbsp;including how they live, how they work and communicate, and how they move.\u0026nbsp;Despite being locked down,\u0026nbsp;governments, epidemiologists, school principals, entrepreneurs and families around the world are already planning the next steps\u0026nbsp;for recovery.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe most shocking economic index is a 9% annual decline in global production and\u0026nbsp;manufacturing\u0026nbsp;output, and a 27% decline in world trade in the second quarter of 2020. For example, the\u0026nbsp;global commodity prices recorded the largest fall at\u0026nbsp;minus 20.4% for the February-March period of 2020.\u0026nbsp;On the social side, total working hours fell 10.5%, 305\u0026nbsp;million full-time jobs were lost, 1.6 billion students\u0026nbsp;have been\u0026nbsp;affected by school closures, and\u0026nbsp;an additional\u0026nbsp;40-60\u0026nbsp;people will\u0026nbsp;fall into\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;poverty.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of COVID-19 on various fronts including\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;impacts\u0026nbsp;(banking sector, aviation industry, labor situation, trade and commodity market, industrial production, tourism etc.), social\u0026nbsp;impacts\u0026nbsp;(risk for agricultural supply and demand, migration, ICTs, human rights, poverty, education, gender etc.), regional\u0026nbsp;impacts\u0026nbsp;(EU, the Gulf, Africa) and\u0026nbsp;statistical\u0026nbsp;impacts were also presented in detail.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe statistics presented in this report are just the tip of the iceberg, and readers are encouraged to visit the websites of international organizations.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECCSA. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unstats.un.org/unsd/ccsa/documents/covid19-report-ccsa.pdf\u0022\u003EHow COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/statistics/data-tells-the-story-on-how-covid-19-is-changing-the-world.html\u0022\u003EData tells the story on how COVID-19 is changing the world\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;15 May 2020, New York\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities\u0026nbsp;(CCSA), which consists of 36 UN agencies and international organizations,\u0026nbsp;released a report entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022How COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective\u0022. The report shows highlights of COVID-19\u0027s economic and social impacts\u0026nbsp;and regional trends that were unexpected a few months ago.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the report.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic\u0026nbsp;has turned the world upside down\u0026nbsp;affecting every aspect of people\u0027s way of life\u0026nbsp;including how they live, how they work and communicate, and how they move.\u0026nbsp;Despite being locked down,\u0026nbsp;governments, epidemiologists, school principals, entrepreneurs and families around the world are already planning the next steps\u0026nbsp;for recovery.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe most shocking economic index is a 9% annual decline in global production and\u0026nbsp;manufacturing\u0026nbsp;output, and a 27% decline in world trade in the second quarter of 2020. For example, the\u0026nbsp;global commodity prices recorded the largest fall at\u0026nbsp;minus 20.4% for the February-March period of 2020.\u0026nbsp;On the social side, total working hours fell 10.5%, 305\u0026nbsp;million full-time jobs were lost, 1.6 billion students\u0026nbsp;have been\u0026nbsp;affected by school closures, and\u0026nbsp;an additional\u0026nbsp;40-60\u0026nbsp;people will\u0026nbsp;fall into\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;poverty.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of COVID-19 on various fronts including\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;impacts\u0026nbsp;(banking sector, aviation industry, labor situation, trade and commodity market, industrial production, tourism etc.), social\u0026nbsp;impacts\u0026nbsp;(risk for agricultural supply and demand, migration, ICTs, human rights, poverty, education, gender etc.), regional\u0026nbsp;impacts\u0026nbsp;(EU, the Gulf, Africa) and\u0026nbsp;statistical\u0026nbsp;impacts were also presented in detail.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe statistics presented in this report are just the tip of the iceberg, and readers are encouraged to visit the websites of international organizations.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECCSA. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unstats.un.org/unsd/ccsa/documents/covid19-report-ccsa.pdf\u0022\u003EHow COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/statistics/data-tells-the-story-on-how-covid-19-is-changing-the-world.html\u0022\u003EData tells the story on how COVID-19 is changing the world\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;15 May 2020, New York\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200523#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "47. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック －国連：統計からみるCOVID-19による世界変化", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "47. United Nations: Statistical Perspective on How COVID-19 is Changing the World", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)は、世界をひっくり返すほどの衝撃をもたらしています。生活の在り方、仕事・コミュニケーションの仕方、移動の手段を含め、人々の生き方のあらゆる側面が影響を受けています。今から数か月間になされる意思決定は、数世代にわたり影響を及ぼしかねず、政府は最良の情報に基づいて政策決定をする必要があります。36の国連機関・国際組織をメンバーとする統計業務統括委員会は、「COVID-19は世界をどう変えているか：統計的視点」を発表しました。報告書は、数か月前には予想にもしなかったCOVID-19の経済的・社会的インパクトや地域的なトレンドのハイライトを示しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The COVID-19 pandemic has turned the world upside downaffecting every aspect of people\u0027s way of life including how they live, how they work and communicate, and how they move. Decisions made over the next few months could affect generations, and governments need to make informed decisions. The the Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities (CCSA), consisting of 36 UN agencies and international organizations, released a report entitled “How COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective”, highlighting COVID-19\u0027s economic and social impacts and regional trends that were not anticipated only a few months ago.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)は、世界をひっくり返すほどの衝撃をもたらしています。生活の在り方、仕事・コミュニケーションの仕方、移動の手段を含め、人々の生き方のあらゆる側面が影響を受けています。ロックダウンに置かれながらも、世界中の政府・感染症専門家・学校関係者・企業家・一般市民が、感染せず・感染させずに活動を再開していくため、また生活手段を失ったり愛する人々を失うなど最も影響を受けた数百万の人々を支え、既に深刻な状況にある格差を悪化させないために、今後の計画をたてているところです。今から数か月間になされる意思決定は、数世代にわたり最も重要なものとなるでしょう。政府は最良の情報に基づいて政策決定をする必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E36の国連機関・国際組織をメンバーとする統計業務統括委員会 (the Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities: CCSA)は、「COVID-19は世界をどう変えているか：統計的視点(. How COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective)」を発表しました。報告書は、数か月前には予想だにもしなかったCOVID-19の経済的・社会的インパクトや地域的なトレンドのハイライトを示しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E経済指数の中でも衝撃的なものは、世界的な生産・工業産出高の年率9％下落、2020年第二四半期の世界貿易27％下落。2020年2－3月期の世界商品価格マイナス20.4％記録、などの数字が挙げられます。社会的には、全労働時間が10.5％下落し3.05憶人分のフルタイム雇用に相当する雇用が失われ、16億人の学生が学校閉鎖の影響を受け、4000-6000万人が新たに絶対的貧困に陥るだろうとされています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書はほかにも、経済的インパクト（銀行セクター・航空業界・労働状況・貿易と商品市場・工業生産・観光業など）・社会的インパクト（農業需給リスク・移民・ICTs・人権・貧困・教育・ジェンダーなど）・地域的インパクトの統計情報（2020年5月15日）を紹介しています。本報告書で紹介される統計は氷山の一角であり、読者は各国際機関のウェブサイトを訪問されることをおすすめします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECCSA. How COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unstats.un.org/unsd/ccsa/documents/covid19-report-ccsa.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://unstats.un.org/unsd/ccsa/documents/covid19-report-ccsa.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN. Data tells the story on how COVID-19 is changing the world, 15 May 2020, New York \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/statistics/data-tells-the-story-on-how-covid-19-is-changing-the-world.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/statistics/data-tells-the-story-on-how-covid-19-is-changing-the-world.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities\u0026nbsp;(CCSA), which consists of 36 UN agencies and international organizations,\u0026nbsp;released a report entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022How COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective\u0022. The report shows highlights of COVID-19\u0027s economic and social impacts\u0026nbsp;and regional trends that were unexpected a few months ago.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the report.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic\u0026nbsp;has turned the world upside down\u0026nbsp;affecting every aspect of people\u0027s way of life\u0026nbsp;including how they live, how they work and communicate, and how they move.\u0026nbsp;Despite being locked down,\u0026nbsp;governments, epidemiologists, school principals, entrepreneurs and families around the world are already planning the next steps\u0026nbsp;for recovery.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe most shocking economic index is a 9% annual decline in global production and\u0026nbsp;manufacturing\u0026nbsp;output, and a 27% decline in world trade in the second quarter of 2020. For example, the\u0026nbsp;global commodity prices recorded the largest fall at\u0026nbsp;minus 20.4% for the February-March period of 2020.\u0026nbsp;On the social side, total working hours fell 10.5%, 305\u0026nbsp;million full-time jobs were lost, 1.6 billion students\u0026nbsp;have been\u0026nbsp;affected by school closures, and\u0026nbsp;an additional\u0026nbsp;40-60\u0026nbsp;people will\u0026nbsp;fall into\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;poverty.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of COVID-19 on various fronts including\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;impacts\u0026nbsp;(banking sector, aviation industry, labor situation, trade and commodity market, industrial production, tourism etc.), social\u0026nbsp;impacts\u0026nbsp;(risk for agricultural supply and demand, migration, ICTs, human rights, poverty, education, gender etc.), regional\u0026nbsp;impacts\u0026nbsp;(EU, the Gulf, Africa) and\u0026nbsp;statistical\u0026nbsp;impacts were also presented in detail.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe statistics presented in this report are just the tip of the iceberg, and readers are encouraged to visit the websites of international organizations.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECCSA. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unstats.un.org/unsd/ccsa/documents/covid19-report-ccsa.pdf\u0022\u003EHow COVID-19 is changing the world: a statistical perspective\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/statistics/data-tells-the-story-on-how-covid-19-is-changing-the-world.html\u0022\u003EData tells the story on how COVID-19 is changing the world\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;15 May 2020, New York\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200523_ico_0.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/proc/blog/20200524#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "48. New Coronavirus Pandemic - Reversing the Poverty Reduction Trend with COVID-19", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "48. New Coronavirus Pandemic - Reversing the Poverty Reduction Trend with COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "A new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is causing the international community to reverse recent progress in poverty reduction and could lead to a sharp increase in the number of people living in poverty. In poor countries, if you don\u0027t go to work, you don\u0027t have an income, and a decrease in income directly leads to food shortages. According to a World Bank analysis, the pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa is projected to cause GDP per capita growth to fall by 5-7% and turn negative, adding an additional 26-58 million people to the absolute poverty line and raising the poverty rate by 2%, which could wipe out the progress made in poverty reduction over the past five years. The economic crisis and rising poverty are concerns. In Kenya, where the economic crisis and rising poverty are a concern, the President announced a major economic stimulus package on May 23, 2020, revealing support measures including budgetary measures for small farmers and the flower and fruit industry.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is causing the international community to reverse recent progress in poverty reduction and could lead to a sharp increase in the number of people living in poverty. In poor countries, if you don\u0027t go to work, you don\u0027t have an income, and a decrease in income directly leads to food shortages. According to a World Bank analysis, the pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa is projected to cause GDP per capita growth to fall by 5-7% and turn negative, adding an additional 26-58 million people to the absolute poverty line and raising the poverty rate by 2%, which could wipe out the progress made in poverty reduction over the past five years. The economic crisis and rising poverty are concerns. In Kenya, where the economic crisis and rising poverty are a concern, the President announced a major economic stimulus package on May 23, 2020, revealing support measures including budgetary measures for small farmers and the flower and fruit industry.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 23, 2020, The Economist discussed how a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) could reverse recent progress in reducing global poverty and cause the number of people living in poverty to soar. The number of people living in absolute poverty has declined from 2 billion or 36% of the world\u0027s population in 1990 to 630 million or 8% by last year. The World Bank estimates that at least 49 million people will fall into absolute poverty as a result of the lockdown and the collapse of the global economy, but this was a forecast as of April and recent figures suggest a much darker future. One estimate said that a 20 percent drop in global per capita income could last for at least several months, raising the number of people in absolute poverty to 4.2 million, the equivalent of the population of South America. While lockdowns in developed countries allow for remote work and tax-financed unemployment and absence compensation, the situation is different in poor countries. If you don\u0027t go to work, you don\u0027t have any income, and the decrease in income directly leads to food shortages. The World Food Program (WFP) predicts that acute hunger will double by the end of 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to a note published by the World Bank based on a comprehensive analysis of data from 45 of the 48 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020?), pandemics will significantly reduce GDP per capita growth in 2020, exacerbating poverty. According to a note published by the World Bank (How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020? The pre-crisis GDP per capita growth rate was estimated at 1.7%, but the pandemic is expected to reduce it by 5-7%, to 3.1% in the baseline and 5.5% in the worst case scenario. In sub-Saharan Africa, the number of people in absolute poverty, defined at $1.9 per day, is assumed to increase by an additional 26 to 58 million, and the poverty rate could rise by 2 percent, returning to 2015 levels and wiping out the progress made in reducing poverty over the past five years. Half of the new poor population will be concentrated in five countries: the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa, with 6.9 million new poor in Nigeria in particular. Sao Tome and Principe, Zimbabwe, Niger, the Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, and Botswana are expected to experience the largest increases in poverty.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Kenya, the economy was initially expected to grow in 2020, but due to the lockdown and disruptions in the global supply chain, foreign currency earning sectors such as tourism, tea, flower and fruit exports have been hit and the growth rate is expected to drop significantly. On May 23, 2020, the President of Kenya announced a stimulus package of 537 million Kenyan shillings (1 Kenyan shilling = about 1 yen as of May 2020). The stimulus package includes job creation and investment in public policy, education (including ICT and digital learning) and health sectors, liquidity support measures such as tax exemptions for small and medium enterprises, and support for tourism workers and equipment maintenance and renewal. For agriculture, in addition to the ¥300 million support for inputs (fertilizer, seeds, etc.) through e-vouchers for 200,000 small-scale farmers, and ¥1.5 billion to support international market access for producers in the fruit and flower sector, the government will also support the renewal of water management facilities in arid and semi-arid areas to mitigate the impact of deforestation and climate change and conserve water resources. In addition to the 1.5 billion yen to support international market access for flower sector producers, the government also promised explicit budget allocations for water management facility upgrades in arid and semi-arid areas to mitigate deforestation and climate change impacts, and conserve water resources.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIncidentally, the Kenyan floriculture industry, which was devastated by the closure of the Dutch auction in March 2020, is gradually moving towards resumption of exports following the easing of the lockdown in Europe (Bloomberg May 22, 2020), Bloomberg May 22, 2020). Exports are back up to 60% capacity utilization, but it is also difficult to find enough space on aircraft (Pick Up 41), and cargo costs per kilogram remain high at $3.3 per kilogram compared to $1.5 last year. Kenya spent about $1 billion last year. Kenya exported about $1 billion worth of flowers last year, with auctions in the Netherlands accounting for half the sales. Auction operators in the Netherlands said revenues for the week of May 11 were down 6.9 percent from last year, a sign that the market is about to level off.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg Kenya Plans $503 Million Economic Stimulus to Battle Virus By David Herbling May 20, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-19/kenya-plans-503-million-economic-stimulus-to-battle-virus\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-19/kenya-plans-503-million-economic-stimulus-to-battle-virus\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg. Economics: Lockdown Easing in Europe Revives Kenyan Flower Industry By David Herbling May 22, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-22/lockdown-easing-in-europe-revives-kenyan-flower-industry\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-22/lockdown-easing-in-europe-revives-kenyan-flower-industry\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Economist. The great reversal Covid-19 is undoing years of progress in curbing global poverty The number of very poor people was steadily falling; now it is rising fast, May 23, 2020. 　 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/international/2020/05/23/covid-19-is-undoing-years-of-progress-in-curbing-global-poverty?utm_campaign=coronavirus-special-edition\u0026amp;utm_medium=newsletter\u0026amp;utm_source=salesforce-marketing-cloud\u0026amp;utm_term=2020-05-23\u0026amp;utm_content=article-link-2\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.economist.com/international/2020/05/23/covid-19-is-undoing-years-of-progress-in-curbing-global-poverty?utm_campaign=coronavirus-special-edition\u0026amp;utm_medium=newsletter\u0026amp;utm_source=salesforce-marketing-cloud\u0026amp;utm_term=2020-05-23\u0026amp;utm_content=article-link-2\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMontes, Jose; Silwal, Ani; Newhouse, David; Chen, Frances; Swindle, Rachel; Tian, Siwei. 2020. How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020?. World Bank, Washington, DC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33765\u0022\u003Ehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33765\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESTAR. CUSHION FROM COVID-19 EFFECTS Inside state\u0027s Sh53.7 billion economic stimulus package. May 23, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2020-05-23-inside-states-sh537-billion-economic-stimulus-package/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2020-05-23-inside-states-sh537-billion-economic-stimulus-package/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick UP 15. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Impact on World Trade and Developing Countries Dependent on Commodity Crop Export\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200412\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200412\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 41. Global Supply Chain of Fruits and Vegetables Under Lockdown \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200517\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200615_1\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 23, 2020, The Economist discussed how a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) could reverse recent progress in reducing global poverty and cause the number of people living in poverty to soar. The number of people living in absolute poverty has declined from 2 billion or 36% of the world\u0027s population in 1990 to 630 million or 8% by last year. The World Bank estimates that at least 49 million people will fall into absolute poverty as a result of the lockdown and the collapse of the global economy, but this was a forecast as of April and recent figures suggest a much darker future. One estimate said that a 20 percent drop in global per capita income could last for at least several months, raising the number of people in absolute poverty to 4.2 million, the equivalent of the population of South America. While lockdowns in developed countries allow for remote work and tax-financed unemployment and absence compensation, the situation is different in poor countries. If you don\u0027t go to work, you don\u0027t have any income, and the decrease in income directly leads to food shortages. The World Food Program (WFP) predicts that acute hunger will double by the end of 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to a note published by the World Bank based on a comprehensive analysis of data from 45 of the 48 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020?), pandemics will significantly reduce GDP per capita growth in 2020, exacerbating poverty. According to a note published by the World Bank (How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020? The pre-crisis GDP per capita growth rate was estimated at 1.7%, but the pandemic is expected to reduce it by 5-7%, to 3.1% in the baseline and 5.5% in the worst case scenario. In sub-Saharan Africa, the number of people in absolute poverty, defined at $1.9 per day, is assumed to increase by an additional 26 to 58 million, and the poverty rate could rise by 2 percent, returning to 2015 levels and wiping out the progress made in reducing poverty over the past five years. Half of the new poor population will be concentrated in five countries: the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa, with 6.9 million new poor in Nigeria in particular. Sao Tome and Principe, Zimbabwe, Niger, the Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, and Botswana are expected to experience the largest increases in poverty.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Kenya, the economy was initially expected to grow in 2020, but due to the lockdown and disruptions in the global supply chain, foreign currency earning sectors such as tourism, tea, flower and fruit exports have been hit and the growth rate is expected to drop significantly. On May 23, 2020, the President of Kenya announced a stimulus package of 537 million Kenyan shillings (1 Kenyan shilling = about 1 yen as of May 2020). The stimulus package includes job creation and investment in public policy, education (including ICT and digital learning) and health sectors, liquidity support measures such as tax exemptions for small and medium enterprises, and support for tourism workers and equipment maintenance and renewal. For agriculture, in addition to the ¥300 million support for inputs (fertilizer, seeds, etc.) through e-vouchers for 200,000 small-scale farmers, and ¥1.5 billion to support international market access for producers in the fruit and flower sector, the government will also support the renewal of water management facilities in arid and semi-arid areas to mitigate the impact of deforestation and climate change and conserve water resources. In addition to the 1.5 billion yen to support international market access for flower sector producers, the government also promised explicit budget allocations for water management facility upgrades in arid and semi-arid areas to mitigate deforestation and climate change impacts, and conserve water resources.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIncidentally, the Kenyan floriculture industry, which was devastated by the closure of the Dutch auction in March 2020, is gradually moving towards resumption of exports following the easing of the lockdown in Europe (Bloomberg May 22, 2020), Bloomberg May 22, 2020). Exports are back up to 60% capacity utilization, but it is also difficult to find enough space on aircraft (Pick Up 41), and cargo costs per kilogram remain high at $3.3 per kilogram compared to $1.5 last year. Kenya spent about $1 billion last year. Kenya exported about $1 billion worth of flowers last year, with auctions in the Netherlands accounting for half the sales. Auction operators in the Netherlands said revenues for the week of May 11 were down 6.9 percent from last year, a sign that the market is about to level off.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg Kenya Plans $503 Million Economic Stimulus to Battle Virus By David Herbling May 20, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-19/kenya-plans-503-million-economic-stimulus-to-battle-virus\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-19/kenya-plans-503-million-economic-stimulus-to-battle-virus\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg. Economics: Lockdown Easing in Europe Revives Kenyan Flower Industry By David Herbling May 22, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-22/lockdown-easing-in-europe-revives-kenyan-flower-industry\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-22/lockdown-easing-in-europe-revives-kenyan-flower-industry\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Economist. The great reversal Covid-19 is undoing years of progress in curbing global poverty The number of very poor people was steadily falling; now it is rising fast, May 23, 2020. 　 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/international/2020/05/23/covid-19-is-undoing-years-of-progress-in-curbing-global-poverty?utm_campaign=coronavirus-special-edition\u0026amp;utm_medium=newsletter\u0026amp;utm_source=salesforce-marketing-cloud\u0026amp;utm_term=2020-05-23\u0026amp;utm_content=article-link-2\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.economist.com/international/2020/05/23/covid-19-is-undoing-years-of-progress-in-curbing-global-poverty?utm_campaign=coronavirus-special-edition\u0026amp;utm_medium=newsletter\u0026amp;utm_source=salesforce-marketing-cloud\u0026amp;utm_term=2020-05-23\u0026amp;utm_content=article-link-2\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMontes, Jose; Silwal, Ani; Newhouse, David; Chen, Frances; Swindle, Rachel; Tian, Siwei. 2020. How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020?. World Bank, Washington, DC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33765\u0022\u003Ehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33765\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESTAR. CUSHION FROM COVID-19 EFFECTS Inside state\u0027s Sh53.7 billion economic stimulus package. May 23, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2020-05-23-inside-states-sh537-billion-economic-stimulus-package/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2020-05-23-inside-states-sh537-billion-economic-stimulus-package/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick UP 15. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Impact on World Trade and Developing Countries Dependent on Commodity Crop Export\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200412\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200412\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 41. Global Supply Chain of Fruits and Vegetables Under Lockdown \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200517\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200615_1\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200524_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200524#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "48. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック －COVID-19による貧困削減トレンドの逆転", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "48. New Coronavirus Pandemic - Reversing the Poverty Reduction Trend with COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際社会は、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) により、近年の貧困削減の進歩が逆転し、貧困状態にある人々の数が急増しかねない状況に陥っています。貧困国では仕事に行かなければ収入はなく、収入の減少は食料不足に直結します。世界銀行の分析によると、サブサハラ・アフリカ地域では、パンデミックによって一人当たりGDP成長率が5～7%下落してマイナスに転じ、絶対的貧困層が追加的に2600万～5800万人増加、貧困率は2％上昇して、過去5年間の貧困削減の進展を払拭しかねないと予測されています。経済危機と貧困増加が懸念されるケニアでは、2020年5月23日、大統領が大規模景気刺激策を発表、小規模農民や花卉・果物産業への予算措置を含む支援策が明らかにされました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is causing the international community to reverse recent progress in poverty reduction and could lead to a sharp increase in the number of people living in poverty. In poor countries, if you don\u0027t go to work, you don\u0027t have an income, and a decrease in income directly leads to food shortages. According to a World Bank analysis, the pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa is projected to cause GDP per capita growth to fall by 5-7% and turn negative, adding an additional 26-58 million people to the absolute poverty line and raising the poverty rate by 2%, which could wipe out the progress made in poverty reduction over the past five years. The economic crisis and rising poverty are concerns. In Kenya, where the economic crisis and rising poverty are a concern, the President announced a major economic stimulus package on May 23, 2020, revealing support measures including budgetary measures for small farmers and the flower and fruit industry.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月23日、エコノミスト誌は、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) により、近年の世界貧困削減の進歩が逆転し、貧困状態にある人々の数が急増しかねない状況を論じました。1日1.9ドル以下で暮らす絶対的貧困状態にある人々の数は1990年の20億人・世界人口の36％から、昨年までに6.3憶人・8％へと減少しましたが、現在、1998年来初めて貧困人口が急激に増加しています。世界銀行の推計によると、ロックダウンや世界経済の破綻によって、少なくとも4900万人が絶対的貧困に陥るとしましたが、これは4月時点の予測であり、最近の数字はより暗い未来を示唆しています。ある推計では、世界的に一人当たり所得の20％下落が少なくとも数か月間続き、絶対的貧困にある人々の数は南米人口に相当する4.2憶人に増加しかねないとしました。先進国でのロックダウンでは、リモートワークが可能であったり、税金による失業・休業補償もありますが、貧困国では事情が異なります。仕事に行かなければ収入はなく、収入の減少は食料不足に直結します。世界食糧計画(WFP)は、2020年末までに急性の飢餓が倍増すると予測しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界銀行がサブサハラ・アフリカ48か国中45か国のデータの包括的分析に基づき公表したノートによると(How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020?)、パンデミックによって2020年一人当たりGDP成長率は大幅に下落し、貧困を悪化すると予測されています。危機以前には一人当たりGDP成長率は1.7%とされていましたが、パンデミックによって5～7%下落し、ベースラインで3.1%、最悪のシナリオで5.5％下落すると見られています。サブサハラ・アフリカにおいて、一日当たり1.9ドルで定義された絶対的貧困層が追加的に2600万～5800万人増加することが想定され、貧困率は2％上昇して2015年の水準に戻り、過去5年間の貧困削減の進展を払拭しかねません。新たな貧困人口の半分は、コンゴ民主共和国・エチオピア・ケニア・ナイジェリア・南アフリカの5か国に集中し、とくにナイジェリアでは690万人が新たに貧困に陥るとされます。サオトメプリンシペ・ジンバブウェ・ニジェール・コンゴ共和国・シエラレオネ・ボツワナは、最大の貧困層増加率を経験すると見られています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eケニアでは、当初2020年に経済成長を見込んでいましたが、ロックダウンとグローバルサプライチェーン寸断により観光業・茶・花卉果樹輸出など外貨獲得部門が打撃を受け、成長率は大幅に落ち込むと見られています。2020年5月23日、ケニア大統領は537憶ケニアシリング(2020年5月時点1ケニアシリング=約1円)の刺激策を発表しました。その内容は、公共政策や教育（ICT・デジタルラーニング含む）・保健医療部門における雇用創出や投資、中小企業に対する免税措置などの流動性支援措置、観光業従事者や設備維持更新への支援を含みます。農業についても、20万の小規模農家を対象としたeバウチャーを通じた(肥料・種子等など)投入財への30憶円支援、果樹・花き部門生産者に国際市場アクセスを支援するために15億円に加え、森林破壊や気候変動インパクト緩和や水資源保全を目的とした乾燥・半乾燥地域における水管理設備更新や、洪水管理、ケニア緑化キャンペーン等にも、明示的な予算配分を約束しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eちなみに、2020年3月、オランダのオークション閉鎖で花き市場における需要が消滅し、壊滅的な打撃を受けていたケニア花卉産業ですが（Pick Up 15）、欧州でのロックダウン緩和に伴い徐々に輸出再開に向けて動きつつあるようです(Bloomberg May 22, 2020)。輸出は60％の稼働率まで戻しつつも、また航空機における十分なスペースの確保も難しく(Pick UP 41)、キロあたり貨物費は昨年の1.5ドルに対し3.3ドルと高止まりするものの、輸出業者が望む毎週4000トン出荷に対し、現在週あたり1600トンを輸送しているそうです。ケニアは昨年、約10億ドル相当の花卉を輸出し、オランダのオークションが売り上げの半分を占めていました。オランダでオークションを運営する業者は、5月11日週の収入は昨年比で6.9%減であったといい、市場がそろそろ平常化する兆しが見られるとのことです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg Kenya Plans $503 Million Economic Stimulus to Battle Virus By David Herbling May 20, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-19/kenya-plans-503-million-economic-stimulus-to-battle-virus\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-19/kenya-plans-503-million-economic-stimulus-to-battle-virus\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg. Economics: Lockdown Easing in Europe Revives Kenyan Flower Industry By David Herbling May 22, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-22/lockdown-easing-in-europe-revives-kenyan-flower-industry\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-22/lockdown-easing-in-europe-revives-kenyan-flower-industry\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Economist. The great reversal Covid-19 is undoing years of progress in curbing global poverty The number of very poor people was steadily falling; now it is rising fast, May 23, 2020. 　 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/international/2020/05/23/covid-19-is-undoing-years-of-progress-in-curbing-global-poverty?utm_campaign=coronavirus-special-edition\u0026amp;utm_medium=newsletter\u0026amp;utm_source=salesforce-marketing-cloud\u0026amp;utm_term=2020-05-23\u0026amp;utm_content=article-link-2\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.economist.com/international/2020/05/23/covid-19-is-undoing-years-of-progress-in-curbing-global-poverty?utm_campaign=coronavirus-special-edition\u0026amp;utm_medium=newsletter\u0026amp;utm_source=salesforce-marketing-cloud\u0026amp;utm_term=2020-05-23\u0026amp;utm_content=article-link-2\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMontes, Jose; Silwal, Ani; Newhouse, David; Chen, Frances; Swindle, Rachel; Tian, Siwei. 2020. How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020?. World Bank, Washington, DC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33765\u0022\u003Ehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33765\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESTAR. CUSHION FROM COVID-19 EFFECTS Inside state\u0027s Sh53.7 billion economic stimulus package. May 23, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2020-05-23-inside-states-sh537-billion-economic-stimulus-package/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2020-05-23-inside-states-sh537-billion-economic-stimulus-package/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick UP 15. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―世界貿易減少と商品作物輸出依存途上国への影響 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200412\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200412\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 41. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― ロックダウン下の青果物グローバル・サプライ・チェーン \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200517\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200517\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 23, 2020, The Economist discussed how a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) could reverse recent progress in reducing global poverty and cause the number of people living in poverty to soar. The number of people living in absolute poverty has declined from 2 billion or 36% of the world\u0027s population in 1990 to 630 million or 8% by last year. The World Bank estimates that at least 49 million people will fall into absolute poverty as a result of the lockdown and the collapse of the global economy, but this was a forecast as of April and recent figures suggest a much darker future. One estimate said that a 20 percent drop in global per capita income could last for at least several months, raising the number of people in absolute poverty to 4.2 million, the equivalent of the population of South America. While lockdowns in developed countries allow for remote work and tax-financed unemployment and absence compensation, the situation is different in poor countries. If you don\u0027t go to work, you don\u0027t have any income, and the decrease in income directly leads to food shortages. The World Food Program (WFP) predicts that acute hunger will double by the end of 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to a note published by the World Bank based on a comprehensive analysis of data from 45 of the 48 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020?), pandemics will significantly reduce GDP per capita growth in 2020, exacerbating poverty. According to a note published by the World Bank (How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020? The pre-crisis GDP per capita growth rate was estimated at 1.7%, but the pandemic is expected to reduce it by 5-7%, to 3.1% in the baseline and 5.5% in the worst case scenario. In sub-Saharan Africa, the number of people in absolute poverty, defined at $1.9 per day, is assumed to increase by an additional 26 to 58 million, and the poverty rate could rise by 2 percent, returning to 2015 levels and wiping out the progress made in reducing poverty over the past five years. Half of the new poor population will be concentrated in five countries: the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa, with 6.9 million new poor in Nigeria in particular. Sao Tome and Principe, Zimbabwe, Niger, the Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, and Botswana are expected to experience the largest increases in poverty.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn Kenya, the economy was initially expected to grow in 2020, but due to the lockdown and disruptions in the global supply chain, foreign currency earning sectors such as tourism, tea, flower and fruit exports have been hit and the growth rate is expected to drop significantly. On May 23, 2020, the President of Kenya announced a stimulus package of 537 million Kenyan shillings (1 Kenyan shilling = about 1 yen as of May 2020). The stimulus package includes job creation and investment in public policy, education (including ICT and digital learning) and health sectors, liquidity support measures such as tax exemptions for small and medium enterprises, and support for tourism workers and equipment maintenance and renewal. For agriculture, in addition to the ¥300 million support for inputs (fertilizer, seeds, etc.) through e-vouchers for 200,000 small-scale farmers, and ¥1.5 billion to support international market access for producers in the fruit and flower sector, the government will also support the renewal of water management facilities in arid and semi-arid areas to mitigate the impact of deforestation and climate change and conserve water resources. In addition to the 1.5 billion yen to support international market access for flower sector producers, the government also promised explicit budget allocations for water management facility upgrades in arid and semi-arid areas to mitigate deforestation and climate change impacts, and conserve water resources.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIncidentally, the Kenyan floriculture industry, which was devastated by the closure of the Dutch auction in March 2020, is gradually moving towards resumption of exports following the easing of the lockdown in Europe (Bloomberg May 22, 2020), Bloomberg May 22, 2020). Exports are back up to 60% capacity utilization, but it is also difficult to find enough space on aircraft (Pick Up 41), and cargo costs per kilogram remain high at $3.3 per kilogram compared to $1.5 last year. Kenya spent about $1 billion last year. Kenya exported about $1 billion worth of flowers last year, with auctions in the Netherlands accounting for half the sales. Auction operators in the Netherlands said revenues for the week of May 11 were down 6.9 percent from last year, a sign that the market is about to level off.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg Kenya Plans $503 Million Economic Stimulus to Battle Virus By David Herbling May 20, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-19/kenya-plans-503-million-economic-stimulus-to-battle-virus\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-19/kenya-plans-503-million-economic-stimulus-to-battle-virus\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBloomberg. Economics: Lockdown Easing in Europe Revives Kenyan Flower Industry By David Herbling May 22, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-22/lockdown-easing-in-europe-revives-kenyan-flower-industry\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-22/lockdown-easing-in-europe-revives-kenyan-flower-industry\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Economist. The great reversal Covid-19 is undoing years of progress in curbing global poverty The number of very poor people was steadily falling; now it is rising fast, May 23, 2020. 　 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.economist.com/international/2020/05/23/covid-19-is-undoing-years-of-progress-in-curbing-global-poverty?utm_campaign=coronavirus-special-edition\u0026amp;utm_medium=newsletter\u0026amp;utm_source=salesforce-marketing-cloud\u0026amp;utm_term=2020-05-23\u0026amp;utm_content=article-link-2\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.economist.com/international/2020/05/23/covid-19-is-undoing-years-of-progress-in-curbing-global-poverty?utm_campaign=coronavirus-special-edition\u0026amp;utm_medium=newsletter\u0026amp;utm_source=salesforce-marketing-cloud\u0026amp;utm_term=2020-05-23\u0026amp;utm_content=article-link-2\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMontes, Jose; Silwal, Ani; Newhouse, David; Chen, Frances; Swindle, Rachel; Tian, Siwei. 2020. How Much Will Poverty Rise in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020?. World Bank, Washington, DC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33765\u0022\u003Ehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33765\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESTAR. CUSHION FROM COVID-19 EFFECTS Inside state\u0027s Sh53.7 billion economic stimulus package. May 23, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2020-05-23-inside-states-sh537-billion-economic-stimulus-package/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2020-05-23-inside-states-sh537-billion-economic-stimulus-package/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick UP 15. New Coronavirus Pandemic ― Impact on World Trade and Developing Countries Dependent on Commodity Crop Export\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200412\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200412\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 41. Global Supply Chain of Fruits and Vegetables Under Lockdown \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200517\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200615_1\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200524_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200622_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "49. Nature Climate Change Paper: Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "49. Nature Climate Change Paper: Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "A scientific paper entitled “Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement” was published in Nature Climate Change on May 19, 2020. The authors compiled government policies and activity data to estimate the decrease in CO2 emissions during forced confinements due to COVID-19. It was estimated that daily global CO2 emissions decreased by -17% by April 2020 compared to the 2019 levels, about half of which was attributed to changes in surface transport. It was concluded that post-crisis government actions and economic incentives would shape the direction of global carbon emissions over the coming decades.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A scientific paper entitled “Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement” was published in Nature Climate Change on May 19, 2020. The authors compiled government policies and activity data to estimate the decrease in CO2 emissions during forced confinements due to COVID-19. It was estimated that daily global CO2 emissions decreased by -17% by April 2020 compared to the 2019 levels, about half of which was attributed to changes in surface transport. It was concluded that post-crisis government actions and economic incentives would shape the direction of global carbon emissions over the coming decades.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 19, 2020,\u003Cem\u003E Nature Climate Change\u003C/em\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a monthly journal dedicated to publishing the most significant and cutting-edge research on the impacts of climate\u0026nbsp;change, published a paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID -19 forced confinement”.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere\u0026nbsp;are some excerpts from the article:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPrior to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 pandemic in\u0026nbsp;2020, carbon dioxide emissions increased\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;about 1%\u0026nbsp;per\u0026nbsp;year for\u0026nbsp;the last\u0026nbsp;10 years, with no increase seen in 2019. Renewable energy production was expanding, but it was used in parallel with fossil fuels\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;did not reach\u0026nbsp;to the\u0026nbsp;point of replacing fossil fuels. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;emissions from\u0026nbsp;surface transport\u0026nbsp;continued to increase.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPolicies due to COVID-19\u0026nbsp;have\u0026nbsp;drastically changed\u0026nbsp;the world energy demand pattern. Borders were closed and people were forced to\u0026nbsp;stay\u0026nbsp;at home, resulting in less travel and changing consumption patterns. The authors used a\u0026nbsp;combination of energy, activity and policy data available up to the end of April 2020 to estimate the changes in daily emissions during the confinement from the COVID-19 pandemic, and its implications for the growth in CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions in 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough\u0026nbsp;real-time CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions data\u0026nbsp;were not available,\u0026nbsp;the authors\u0026nbsp;devised\u0026nbsp;an alternative approach to estimate country-level emissions based on a confinement index (CI) conceived to capture the extent to which different policies affect emissions, and available daily data of activity for six economic sectors, namely, power, industry, surface transport, public buildings and commerce, residential, and aviation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBy\u0026nbsp;early\u0026nbsp;April 2020, it\u0026nbsp;was\u0026nbsp;estimated that\u0026nbsp;daily\u0026nbsp;global carbon dioxide emissions decreased by\u0026nbsp;-17% (-11 to -25%)\u0026nbsp;compared to the 2019 levels,\u0026nbsp;almost\u0026nbsp;half of which was due to changes in land transportation. At peak times, emissions by country\u0026nbsp;decreased by\u0026nbsp;-26%\u0026nbsp;on average. The impact on annual emissions in 2020 will depend on how long the compulsory\u0026nbsp;confinement and\u0026nbsp;quarantine measures will continue,\u0026nbsp;with a low estimate of\u0026nbsp;-4% (-2 to -7%)\u0026nbsp;if the pre-pandemic conditions are restored by mid-June.\u0026nbsp;If some kind of regulation continues around the world by the end of the year, it is\u0026nbsp;estimated\u0026nbsp;that the emission will be\u0026nbsp;further\u0026nbsp;reduced by\u0026nbsp;-7% (-3 to -13%).\u0026nbsp;It was concluded that postcrisis government actions and\u0026nbsp;economic incentives\u0026nbsp;would\u0026nbsp;shape the direction of global carbon emissions over the coming decades.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELe Quéré, C., Jackson, R.B., Jones, M.W. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0797-x\u0022\u003ETemporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement\u003C/a\u003E. \u003Cem\u003ENat. Clim. Change\u0026nbsp;\u003C/em\u003E(2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 19, 2020,\u003Cem\u003E Nature Climate Change\u003C/em\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a monthly journal dedicated to publishing the most significant and cutting-edge research on the impacts of climate\u0026nbsp;change, published a paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID -19 forced confinement”.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere\u0026nbsp;are some excerpts from the article:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPrior to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 pandemic in\u0026nbsp;2020, carbon dioxide emissions increased\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;about 1%\u0026nbsp;per\u0026nbsp;year for\u0026nbsp;the last\u0026nbsp;10 years, with no increase seen in 2019. Renewable energy production was expanding, but it was used in parallel with fossil fuels\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;did not reach\u0026nbsp;to the\u0026nbsp;point of replacing fossil fuels. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;emissions from\u0026nbsp;surface transport\u0026nbsp;continued to increase.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPolicies due to COVID-19\u0026nbsp;have\u0026nbsp;drastically changed\u0026nbsp;the world energy demand pattern. Borders were closed and people were forced to\u0026nbsp;stay\u0026nbsp;at home, resulting in less travel and changing consumption patterns. The authors used a\u0026nbsp;combination of energy, activity and policy data available up to the end of April 2020 to estimate the changes in daily emissions during the confinement from the COVID-19 pandemic, and its implications for the growth in CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions in 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough\u0026nbsp;real-time CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions data\u0026nbsp;were not available,\u0026nbsp;the authors\u0026nbsp;devised\u0026nbsp;an alternative approach to estimate country-level emissions based on a confinement index (CI) conceived to capture the extent to which different policies affect emissions, and available daily data of activity for six economic sectors, namely, power, industry, surface transport, public buildings and commerce, residential, and aviation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBy\u0026nbsp;early\u0026nbsp;April 2020, it\u0026nbsp;was\u0026nbsp;estimated that\u0026nbsp;daily\u0026nbsp;global carbon dioxide emissions decreased by\u0026nbsp;-17% (-11 to -25%)\u0026nbsp;compared to the 2019 levels,\u0026nbsp;almost\u0026nbsp;half of which was due to changes in land transportation. At peak times, emissions by country\u0026nbsp;decreased by\u0026nbsp;-26%\u0026nbsp;on average. The impact on annual emissions in 2020 will depend on how long the compulsory\u0026nbsp;confinement and\u0026nbsp;quarantine measures will continue,\u0026nbsp;with a low estimate of\u0026nbsp;-4% (-2 to -7%)\u0026nbsp;if the pre-pandemic conditions are restored by mid-June.\u0026nbsp;If some kind of regulation continues around the world by the end of the year, it is\u0026nbsp;estimated\u0026nbsp;that the emission will be\u0026nbsp;further\u0026nbsp;reduced by\u0026nbsp;-7% (-3 to -13%).\u0026nbsp;It was concluded that postcrisis government actions and\u0026nbsp;economic incentives\u0026nbsp;would\u0026nbsp;shape the direction of global carbon emissions over the coming decades.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELe Quéré, C., Jackson, R.B., Jones, M.W. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0797-x\u0022\u003ETemporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement\u003C/a\u003E. \u003Cem\u003ENat. Clim. Change\u0026nbsp;\u003C/em\u003E(2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200525#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "49. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック －Nature Climate Change 論文：COVID-19下の強制的待機による一時的な二酸化炭素排出量削減の推計", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "49. Nature Climate Change Paper: Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年5月19日、Nature Climate Change誌で、「新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)下の強制的自宅待機(隔離・移動制限)による一時的な二酸化炭素排出量の削減(Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement)」論文が発表されました。著者らは、政策が排出量に与える影響の度合いを捉えるインデックスに基づいて排出量を推計するアプローチを考案し分析を行った結果、2020年4月初頭までに、日ごとの世界的な二酸化炭素排出量は2019年比でマイナス17%減少したと推計され、その半分程は陸上輸送の変化によるものとされました。危機後の政策・経済インセンティブが、今後数十年にわたる世界的な二酸化炭素排出量の方向性を決定づける可能性があります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A scientific paper entitled “Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement” was published in Nature Climate Change on May 19, 2020. The authors compiled government policies and activity data to estimate the decrease in CO2 emissions during forced confinements due to COVID-19. It was estimated that daily global CO2 emissions decreased by -17% by April 2020 compared to the 2019 levels, about half of which was attributed to changes in surface transport. It was concluded that post-crisis government actions and economic incentives would shape the direction of global carbon emissions over the coming decades.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月19日、Nature Climate Change誌で、「COVID-19下の強制的自宅待機(隔離・移動制限)による一時的な二酸化炭素排出量の削減(Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement)」論文が発表されました。その概要を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年以前、二酸化炭素排出量は、2019年に増加が見られなかったのを除き、10年間に毎年約1％ずつ増加していました。再生エネルギー生産は拡大していましたが、化石燃料と並行して使われ、代替するまでには届かず、陸上輸送からの排出量は増え続けました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による政策は世界のエネルギー需要パターンを激変させています。国境が閉鎖され、人々が自宅での待機を迫られた結果、移動が減り、消費パターンが変化しました。この論文は、規制中の二酸化炭素排出量の減少を推計するために、政府による政策とデータを整理しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EリアルタイムでCO2排出量を計測するデータの不足から、代わりに著者らは、異なる政策が排出量に与える影響の度合いを捉えるインデックス(confinement index: CI)に基づいて国レベルでの排出量を推計するアプローチを考案し、6つの経済セクターに関する毎日の活動データを利用しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2019年平均と比べ、2020年4月初頭までに、日ごとの世界的な二酸化炭素排出量はマイナス17%(-11～-25%)減少したと推計され、その半分程は陸上輸送の変化によるものでした。ピーク時において、国ごとの排出量は平均で―26％減少しました。2020年の年間排出量へのインパクトは、強制待機・隔離措置がいつまで続くかによりますが、6月中旬までにパンデミック前の条件に戻るのであれば―4%(-2 ～-7%)、2020年末までに世界中で何らかの規制が続く場合は-7%(-3～-13%)の排出減と想定されます。危機後の政策・経済インセンティブが、今後数十年にわたる世界的な二酸化炭素排出量の方向性を決定づける可能性があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELe Quéré, C., Jackson, R.B., Jones, M.W. et al. Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0797-x\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0797-x\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn May 19, 2020,\u003Cem\u003E Nature Climate Change\u003C/em\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a monthly journal dedicated to publishing the most significant and cutting-edge research on the impacts of climate\u0026nbsp;change, published a paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“Temporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID -19 forced confinement”.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere\u0026nbsp;are some excerpts from the article:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPrior to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 pandemic in\u0026nbsp;2020, carbon dioxide emissions increased\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;about 1%\u0026nbsp;per\u0026nbsp;year for\u0026nbsp;the last\u0026nbsp;10 years, with no increase seen in 2019. Renewable energy production was expanding, but it was used in parallel with fossil fuels\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;did not reach\u0026nbsp;to the\u0026nbsp;point of replacing fossil fuels. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;emissions from\u0026nbsp;surface transport\u0026nbsp;continued to increase.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPolicies due to COVID-19\u0026nbsp;have\u0026nbsp;drastically changed\u0026nbsp;the world energy demand pattern. Borders were closed and people were forced to\u0026nbsp;stay\u0026nbsp;at home, resulting in less travel and changing consumption patterns. The authors used a\u0026nbsp;combination of energy, activity and policy data available up to the end of April 2020 to estimate the changes in daily emissions during the confinement from the COVID-19 pandemic, and its implications for the growth in CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions in 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough\u0026nbsp;real-time CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions data\u0026nbsp;were not available,\u0026nbsp;the authors\u0026nbsp;devised\u0026nbsp;an alternative approach to estimate country-level emissions based on a confinement index (CI) conceived to capture the extent to which different policies affect emissions, and available daily data of activity for six economic sectors, namely, power, industry, surface transport, public buildings and commerce, residential, and aviation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBy\u0026nbsp;early\u0026nbsp;April 2020, it\u0026nbsp;was\u0026nbsp;estimated that\u0026nbsp;daily\u0026nbsp;global carbon dioxide emissions decreased by\u0026nbsp;-17% (-11 to -25%)\u0026nbsp;compared to the 2019 levels,\u0026nbsp;almost\u0026nbsp;half of which was due to changes in land transportation. At peak times, emissions by country\u0026nbsp;decreased by\u0026nbsp;-26%\u0026nbsp;on average. The impact on annual emissions in 2020 will depend on how long the compulsory\u0026nbsp;confinement and\u0026nbsp;quarantine measures will continue,\u0026nbsp;with a low estimate of\u0026nbsp;-4% (-2 to -7%)\u0026nbsp;if the pre-pandemic conditions are restored by mid-June.\u0026nbsp;If some kind of regulation continues around the world by the end of the year, it is\u0026nbsp;estimated\u0026nbsp;that the emission will be\u0026nbsp;further\u0026nbsp;reduced by\u0026nbsp;-7% (-3 to -13%).\u0026nbsp;It was concluded that postcrisis government actions and\u0026nbsp;economic incentives\u0026nbsp;would\u0026nbsp;shape the direction of global carbon emissions over the coming decades.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELe Quéré, C., Jackson, R.B., Jones, M.W. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0797-x\u0022\u003ETemporary reduction in daily global CO2 emissions during the COVID-19 forced confinement\u003C/a\u003E. \u003Cem\u003ENat. Clim. Change\u0026nbsp;\u003C/em\u003E(2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200525_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200622_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "50. How Major Countries View COVID-19 and Climate Change ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "50. How Major Countries View COVID-19 and Climate Change ", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/japan#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Japan", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "日本", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Japan", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In April 2020, Ipsos MORI, a market research company in the United Kingdom released a survey on how the public in selected countries view the two major crisis, COVID-19 and climate change. Compared with other countries in the world, Japan regarded climate change as a serious crisis equivalent to COVID-19 and as a policy priority, and perceived that economic recovery by COVID-19 should not have a negative impact on the environment. In turn, Japan seems less interested in making climate change as political agendas.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In April 2020, Ipsos MORI, a market research company in the United Kingdom released a survey on how the public in selected countries view the two major crisis, COVID-19 and climate change. Compared with other countries in the world, Japan regarded climate change as a serious crisis equivalent to COVID-19 and as a policy priority, and perceived that economic recovery by COVID-19 should not have a negative impact on the environment. In turn, Japan seems less interested in making climate change as political agendas.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2020, Ipsos MORI, a market research company in the United Kingdom\u0026nbsp;released a\u0026nbsp;survey on how the public in selected countries viewed the two major crisis,\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 and climate change.\u0026nbsp;Although\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;main\u0026nbsp;interest of the survey was to understand public opinion\u0026nbsp;in the UK,\u0026nbsp;there\u0026nbsp;were\u0026nbsp;some interesting results regarding the\u0026nbsp;perception\u0026nbsp;of COVID-19 and climate change issues in Japan.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are the some of the questions addressed in the survey and how the response from Japan compared with other countries.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following: In the long term, climate change is as serious a crisis as Covid-19 is.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;In\u0026nbsp;Japan,\u0026nbsp;72%\u0026nbsp;agreed,\u0026nbsp;comparable to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;global average.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following: In the economic recovery after Covid-19, it\u0027s important that government actions prioritize climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn\u0026nbsp;Japan,\u0026nbsp;64%\u0026nbsp;agreed,\u0026nbsp;comparable to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;global average.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following: Government should focus on helping the economy to recover first and foremost, even if that means taking some actions that are bad for the environment.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan has the lowest approval rate of 35% among\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;surveyed countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing\u0026nbsp;[COUNTRY] today?\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan has the highest percentage of respondents among the surveyed countries who prioritize\u0026nbsp;global\u0026nbsp;warming and climate change at 54%.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement? ‘If a political party’s policies don’t deal seriously with climate change, this would put me off voting for them’.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan\u0026nbsp;approval rate of 41%\u0026nbsp;is the second-lowest\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;surveyed countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn summary, at\u0026nbsp;the time of the survey, Japan viewed climate change as a COVID-19-equivalent crisis when compared to other countries in the world, and regarded it as a policy priority, and economic recovery\u0026nbsp;fromCOVID-19 should not cause environmental problems. However, it seems that\u0026nbsp;Japan did not necessarily expect\u0026nbsp;political parties\u0026nbsp;to prioritize climate change and environmental issues\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;as political\u0026nbsp;agendas.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIpsos MORI. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/two-thirds-britons-believe-climate-change-serious-coronavirus-and-majority-want-climate-prioritised\u0022\u003ETwo thirds of Britons believe Climate Change as serious as Coronavirus and majority want Climate prioritised in economic recovery\u003C/a\u003E 22 April 2020\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2020-04/earth_day_slide_deck.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2020-04/earth_day_slide_deck.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2020, Ipsos MORI, a market research company in the United Kingdom\u0026nbsp;released a\u0026nbsp;survey on how the public in selected countries viewed the two major crisis,\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 and climate change.\u0026nbsp;Although\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;main\u0026nbsp;interest of the survey was to understand public opinion\u0026nbsp;in the UK,\u0026nbsp;there\u0026nbsp;were\u0026nbsp;some interesting results regarding the\u0026nbsp;perception\u0026nbsp;of COVID-19 and climate change issues in Japan.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are the some of the questions addressed in the survey and how the response from Japan compared with other countries.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following: In the long term, climate change is as serious a crisis as Covid-19 is.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;In\u0026nbsp;Japan,\u0026nbsp;72%\u0026nbsp;agreed,\u0026nbsp;comparable to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;global average.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following: In the economic recovery after Covid-19, it\u0027s important that government actions prioritize climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn\u0026nbsp;Japan,\u0026nbsp;64%\u0026nbsp;agreed,\u0026nbsp;comparable to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;global average.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following: Government should focus on helping the economy to recover first and foremost, even if that means taking some actions that are bad for the environment.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan has the lowest approval rate of 35% among\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;surveyed countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing\u0026nbsp;[COUNTRY] today?\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan has the highest percentage of respondents among the surveyed countries who prioritize\u0026nbsp;global\u0026nbsp;warming and climate change at 54%.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement? ‘If a political party’s policies don’t deal seriously with climate change, this would put me off voting for them’.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan\u0026nbsp;approval rate of 41%\u0026nbsp;is the second-lowest\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;surveyed countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn summary, at\u0026nbsp;the time of the survey, Japan viewed climate change as a COVID-19-equivalent crisis when compared to other countries in the world, and regarded it as a policy priority, and economic recovery\u0026nbsp;fromCOVID-19 should not cause environmental problems. However, it seems that\u0026nbsp;Japan did not necessarily expect\u0026nbsp;political parties\u0026nbsp;to prioritize climate change and environmental issues\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;as political\u0026nbsp;agendas.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIpsos MORI. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/two-thirds-britons-believe-climate-change-serious-coronavirus-and-majority-want-climate-prioritised\u0022\u003ETwo thirds of Britons believe Climate Change as serious as Coronavirus and majority want Climate prioritised in economic recovery\u003C/a\u003E 22 April 2020\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2020-04/earth_day_slide_deck.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2020-04/earth_day_slide_deck.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200526#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "50. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック －COVID-19 vs.気候変動対策に関する主要国意識調査", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "50. How Major Countries View COVID-19 and Climate Change ", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/japan#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Japan", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "日本", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Japan", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "英国の市場調査会社であるIpsos MORIは、2020年4月、主要国におけるCOVID-19と気候変動や環境問題に関する意識調査を発表しました。世界の国々と比べ、調査時において、日本は気候変動をCOVID-19同等の危機とみなし、政策的な優先事項と捉え、COVID-19による経済復興は環境に負の影響をもたらすべきではないという意見が多いながらも、政党による気候変動・環境問題の政治アジェンダ化の期待は必ずしも相対的に高くないようです。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In April 2020, Ipsos MORI, a market research company in the United Kingdom released a survey on how the public in selected countries view the two major crisis, COVID-19 and climate change. Compared with other countries in the world, Japan regarded climate change as a serious crisis equivalent to COVID-19 and as a policy priority, and perceived that economic recovery by COVID-19 should not have a negative impact on the environment. In turn, Japan seems less interested in making climate change as political agendas.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E英国の市場調査会社であるIpsos MORIは、2020年4月、主要国におけるCOVID-19と気候変動や環境問題に関する意識調査を発表しました。主にイギリスの意識調査を目的にしていたとのことですが、日本におけるCOVID-19と気候変動問題への意識について興味深い結果をいくつか紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ: 長期的にみて気候変動はCOVID-19と同じくらい深刻な危機である：賛成―日本72％、世界平均と同程度。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ: COVID-19からの経済復興は気候変動対策に優先順位を置くべきである：賛成―日本64％、世界平均と同程度。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ: 環境に悪影響があっても、政府は経済復興を最優先すべきである：賛成―日本は調査国の中で賛成率が最低の35％\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ: 政治家が取り組むべき最も重要な環境問題を三つあげるとしたら：日本は、温暖化・気候変動を優先するとした回答者の割合が調査国間で最も高く54％\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ: もし政党が気候変動に真剣に取り組まないならば、票を投じないだろう：日本は調査国の中でも下から2番目の41％\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の国々と相対的に比較した場合、調査時において、日本は気候変動をCOVID-19同等の危機とみなし、政策的に優先事項と捉え、COVID-19による経済復興は環境問題を引き起こすべきでないとする意見が多いながらも、政党による気候変動・環境問題の政治アジェンダ化の期待は必ずしも高くないようです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIpsos MORI. Two thirds of Britons believe Climate Change as serious as Coronavirus and majority want Climate prioritised in economic recovery 22 April 2020\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/two-thirds-britons-believe-climate-change-serious-coronavirus-and-majority-want-climate-prioritised\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/two-thirds-britons-believe-climate-change-serious-coronavirus-and-majority-want-climate-prioritised\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2020-04/earth_day_slide_deck.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2020-04/earth_day_slide_deck.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn April 2020, Ipsos MORI, a market research company in the United Kingdom\u0026nbsp;released a\u0026nbsp;survey on how the public in selected countries viewed the two major crisis,\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 and climate change.\u0026nbsp;Although\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;main\u0026nbsp;interest of the survey was to understand public opinion\u0026nbsp;in the UK,\u0026nbsp;there\u0026nbsp;were\u0026nbsp;some interesting results regarding the\u0026nbsp;perception\u0026nbsp;of COVID-19 and climate change issues in Japan.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are the some of the questions addressed in the survey and how the response from Japan compared with other countries.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following: In the long term, climate change is as serious a crisis as Covid-19 is.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;In\u0026nbsp;Japan,\u0026nbsp;72%\u0026nbsp;agreed,\u0026nbsp;comparable to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;global average.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following: In the economic recovery after Covid-19, it\u0027s important that government actions prioritize climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn\u0026nbsp;Japan,\u0026nbsp;64%\u0026nbsp;agreed,\u0026nbsp;comparable to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;global average.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following: Government should focus on helping the economy to recover first and foremost, even if that means taking some actions that are bad for the environment.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan has the lowest approval rate of 35% among\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;surveyed countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;In your view, what are the three most important environmental issues facing\u0026nbsp;[COUNTRY] today?\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan has the highest percentage of respondents among the surveyed countries who prioritize\u0026nbsp;global\u0026nbsp;warming and climate change at 54%.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EQ:\u0026nbsp;To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement? ‘If a political party’s policies don’t deal seriously with climate change, this would put me off voting for them’.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan\u0026nbsp;approval rate of 41%\u0026nbsp;is the second-lowest\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;surveyed countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn summary, at\u0026nbsp;the time of the survey, Japan viewed climate change as a COVID-19-equivalent crisis when compared to other countries in the world, and regarded it as a policy priority, and economic recovery\u0026nbsp;fromCOVID-19 should not cause environmental problems. However, it seems that\u0026nbsp;Japan did not necessarily expect\u0026nbsp;political parties\u0026nbsp;to prioritize climate change and environmental issues\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;as political\u0026nbsp;agendas.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIpsos MORI. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipsos.com/ipsos-mori/en-uk/two-thirds-britons-believe-climate-change-serious-coronavirus-and-majority-want-climate-prioritised\u0022\u003ETwo thirds of Britons believe Climate Change as serious as Coronavirus and majority want Climate prioritised in economic recovery\u003C/a\u003E 22 April 2020\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2020-04/earth_day_slide_deck.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2020-04/earth_day_slide_deck.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200526_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200622_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-27", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "51. COVID-19 and Human Development Crisis", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "51. COVID-19 and Human Development Crisis", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) publishes every year the Human Development Index (HDI), a statistic composite index which combines life expectancy, education and per capita income indicators. On May 20, 2020, the UNDP warned about the potential decline in HDI this year for the first time in 30 years since the concept was introduced in 1990. The COVID-19 has caused a human development crisis that had not been experienced in the Global Financial Crisis of 2007-09 by damaging the three aspects of health, education and income.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) publishes every year the Human Development Index (HDI), a statistic composite index which combines life expectancy, education and per capita income indicators. On May 20, 2020, the UNDP warned about the potential decline in HDI this year for the first time in 30 years since the concept was introduced in 1990. The COVID-19 has caused a human development crisis that had not been experienced in the Global Financial Crisis of 2007-09 by damaging the three aspects of health, education and income.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Development Program (UNDP) publishes\u0026nbsp;every year\u0026nbsp;the Human Development Index (HDI), a statistic composite index which combines life expectancy, education and\u0026nbsp;per capita income indicators,. On May 20, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;UNDP\u0026nbsp;warned\u0026nbsp;about the potential\u0026nbsp;decline in\u0026nbsp;HDI\u0026nbsp;this year\u0026nbsp;for the first time in 30 years since\u0026nbsp;the concept was\u0026nbsp;introduced\u0026nbsp;in 1990. The COVID-19 has caused a human development crisis that had not been experienced in the\u0026nbsp;Global Financial Crisis of\u0026nbsp;2007-09 by damaging the three aspects of health, education and income.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19’s global death toll has exceeded 300,000 people, and per capita income is expected to fall by 4% globally. Effective school leave, as a percentage of primary school year-age children adjusted for the number of children without internet access due to school closure, indicates that 60% of children are deprived of their educational opportunities, the trends not seen\u0026nbsp;since\u0026nbsp;the 1980s. It shows that there is a crisis that we have never experienced. Taken together, these impacts are record-breaking events that overturn human development progress. And it doesn\u0027t take into account the issue of gender inequality.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19 highlights the disparity problem like a magnifying glass. The decline in human development indicators is expected to be more severe in developing countries, which are less capable of responding to the socio-economic impacts of pandemics than in developed countries. In terms of education, due to school closure and disparity in access to online education, the effective absence rate for primary school enrolled children is 20% in countries with high human development indicators\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;86% in countries with low human development indicators.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, it is possible to reduce the educational gap by equalizing Internet access. Decisive interventions contribute to mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. A\u0026nbsp;equity-focused approach is also cost effective. It is estimated that the\u0026nbsp;gap\u0026nbsp;in internet access in low- and middle-income countries can be improved with about 1% of the financial measures taken as COVID-19 countermeasures this time.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA green, gender-equal, good governance approach to COVID-19 measures is a socio-economic response that is essential for the realization of a \u0022new normal\u0022. In response to this complex crisis, UNDP recommends five things:\u0026nbsp;(1)\u0026nbsp;protecting health systems and services,\u0026nbsp;(2)\u0026nbsp;ramping up social protection,\u0026nbsp;(3)\u0026nbsp;protecting jobs, small- and medium-sized businesses and informal sector workers;\u0026nbsp;(4)\u0026nbsp;making macroeconomic policies work for everyone; and\u0026nbsp;(5)\u0026nbsp;promoting peace, good governance and trust to build social cohesion.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNDP COVID-19: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/news-centre/news/2020/COVID19_Human_development_on_course_to_decline_for_the_first_time_since_1990.html\u0022\u003EHuman development on course to decline this year for the first time since 1990\u003C/a\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid\u0022\u003Ehttp://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Development Program (UNDP) publishes\u0026nbsp;every year\u0026nbsp;the Human Development Index (HDI), a statistic composite index which combines life expectancy, education and\u0026nbsp;per capita income indicators,. On May 20, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;UNDP\u0026nbsp;warned\u0026nbsp;about the potential\u0026nbsp;decline in\u0026nbsp;HDI\u0026nbsp;this year\u0026nbsp;for the first time in 30 years since\u0026nbsp;the concept was\u0026nbsp;introduced\u0026nbsp;in 1990. The COVID-19 has caused a human development crisis that had not been experienced in the\u0026nbsp;Global Financial Crisis of\u0026nbsp;2007-09 by damaging the three aspects of health, education and income.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19’s global death toll has exceeded 300,000 people, and per capita income is expected to fall by 4% globally. Effective school leave, as a percentage of primary school year-age children adjusted for the number of children without internet access due to school closure, indicates that 60% of children are deprived of their educational opportunities, the trends not seen\u0026nbsp;since\u0026nbsp;the 1980s. It shows that there is a crisis that we have never experienced. Taken together, these impacts are record-breaking events that overturn human development progress. And it doesn\u0027t take into account the issue of gender inequality.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19 highlights the disparity problem like a magnifying glass. The decline in human development indicators is expected to be more severe in developing countries, which are less capable of responding to the socio-economic impacts of pandemics than in developed countries. In terms of education, due to school closure and disparity in access to online education, the effective absence rate for primary school enrolled children is 20% in countries with high human development indicators\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;86% in countries with low human development indicators.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, it is possible to reduce the educational gap by equalizing Internet access. Decisive interventions contribute to mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. A\u0026nbsp;equity-focused approach is also cost effective. It is estimated that the\u0026nbsp;gap\u0026nbsp;in internet access in low- and middle-income countries can be improved with about 1% of the financial measures taken as COVID-19 countermeasures this time.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA green, gender-equal, good governance approach to COVID-19 measures is a socio-economic response that is essential for the realization of a \u0022new normal\u0022. In response to this complex crisis, UNDP recommends five things:\u0026nbsp;(1)\u0026nbsp;protecting health systems and services,\u0026nbsp;(2)\u0026nbsp;ramping up social protection,\u0026nbsp;(3)\u0026nbsp;protecting jobs, small- and medium-sized businesses and informal sector workers;\u0026nbsp;(4)\u0026nbsp;making macroeconomic policies work for everyone; and\u0026nbsp;(5)\u0026nbsp;promoting peace, good governance and trust to build social cohesion.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNDP COVID-19: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/news-centre/news/2020/COVID19_Human_development_on_course_to_decline_for_the_first_time_since_1990.html\u0022\u003EHuman development on course to decline this year for the first time since 1990\u003C/a\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid\u0022\u003Ehttp://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200527#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-27", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "51. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック －人間開発の危機", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "51. COVID-19 and Human Development Crisis", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際連合開発計画(UNDP) は、平均余命、教育及び所得指数を複合的に捉えた人間開発指数（Human Development Index, HDI）を毎年公表しています。2020年5月20日、UNDPは、今年、HDIが1990年に導入されて以来30年間で初めて下落する可能性について述べ、懸念を表明しました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)は、保健・教育・所得の3側面に打撃を与えることで、2007－09年の世界金融危機でも経験しなかった人間開発の危機をもたらしています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) publishes every year the Human Development Index (HDI), a statistic composite index which combines life expectancy, education and per capita income indicators. On May 20, 2020, the UNDP warned about the potential decline in HDI this year for the first time in 30 years since the concept was introduced in 1990. The COVID-19 has caused a human development crisis that had not been experienced in the Global Financial Crisis of 2007-09 by damaging the three aspects of health, education and income.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際連合開発計画(UNDP) は、平均余命、教育及び所得指数を複合的に捉えた人間開発指数（Human Development Index, HDI）を毎年公表しています。2020年5月20日、UNDPは、今年、HDIが1990年に導入されて以来30年間で初めて下落する可能性について述べ、懸念を表明しました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)は、保健・教育・所得の3側面に打撃を与えることで、2007－09年の世界金融危機でも経験しなかった人間開発の危機をもたらしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19による死亡者は30万人を超え、一人当たり所得は世界平均で4％下落する見込みです。学校閉鎖により、インターネットアクセスのない児童数で調整された小学校就学年児童割合で示される実効的な休学率は、60％の子供たちが教育機会を奪われていることを示しており、1980年代以来経験しなかった危機が起きていることを示しています。これらのインパクトを合わせると、人間開発の進歩を覆す記録的な出来事であると言えます。しかもこれは、ジェンダー格差の問題を考慮していません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19は、拡大鏡のごとく格差問題を浮き彫りにしています。人間開発指標の下落は、先進国にくらべ、パンデミックの社会経済的影響への対応能力に劣る途上国でより深刻となることが予想されます。教育面では、学校閉鎖やオンライン教育へのアクセス格差により、初等教育就学児童の実効的休学状況は、人間開発指標の高い国では20％であるのに対し、人間開発指標の低い国においては86％にのぼります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E他方、インターネットアクセスの平等化を通じ、教育格差を縮小することは可能です。決意ある介入はCOVID-19パンデミックのインパクトを緩和することで、社会経済に貢献します。格差に焦点をあてたアプローチはコスト面でも有効です。今回COVID-19対策として講じられている財政措置の1％程度で、低・中所得国におけるインターネットアクセス格差の改善が可能と推計されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19対策の上で、持続的で、ジェンダーに配慮し、ガバナンスを重視する平等に主眼を置いたアプローチは、「ニューノーマル」社会の実現にとって不可欠な社会経済的対応です。この複雑な危機への対応として、UNDPは次の5つを提言します。保健制度・サービスの維持強化、社会保障の増強、中小企業・インフォーマル部門の労働者保護、万人を対象としたマクロ政策遂行、社会的団結を強めるための平和・ガバナンス・信用の促進。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNDP COVID-19: Human development on course to decline this year for the first time since 1990 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/news-centre/news/2020/COVID19_Human_development_on_course_to_decline_for_the_first_time_since_1990.html\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/news-centre/news/2020/COVID19_Human_development_on_course_to_decline_for_the_first_time_since_1990.html\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid\u0022\u003Ehttp://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Development Program (UNDP) publishes\u0026nbsp;every year\u0026nbsp;the Human Development Index (HDI), a statistic composite index which combines life expectancy, education and\u0026nbsp;per capita income indicators,. On May 20, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;UNDP\u0026nbsp;warned\u0026nbsp;about the potential\u0026nbsp;decline in\u0026nbsp;HDI\u0026nbsp;this year\u0026nbsp;for the first time in 30 years since\u0026nbsp;the concept was\u0026nbsp;introduced\u0026nbsp;in 1990. The COVID-19 has caused a human development crisis that had not been experienced in the\u0026nbsp;Global Financial Crisis of\u0026nbsp;2007-09 by damaging the three aspects of health, education and income.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19’s global death toll has exceeded 300,000 people, and per capita income is expected to fall by 4% globally. Effective school leave, as a percentage of primary school year-age children adjusted for the number of children without internet access due to school closure, indicates that 60% of children are deprived of their educational opportunities, the trends not seen\u0026nbsp;since\u0026nbsp;the 1980s. It shows that there is a crisis that we have never experienced. Taken together, these impacts are record-breaking events that overturn human development progress. And it doesn\u0027t take into account the issue of gender inequality.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19 highlights the disparity problem like a magnifying glass. The decline in human development indicators is expected to be more severe in developing countries, which are less capable of responding to the socio-economic impacts of pandemics than in developed countries. In terms of education, due to school closure and disparity in access to online education, the effective absence rate for primary school enrolled children is 20% in countries with high human development indicators\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;86% in countries with low human development indicators.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, it is possible to reduce the educational gap by equalizing Internet access. Decisive interventions contribute to mitigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. A\u0026nbsp;equity-focused approach is also cost effective. It is estimated that the\u0026nbsp;gap\u0026nbsp;in internet access in low- and middle-income countries can be improved with about 1% of the financial measures taken as COVID-19 countermeasures this time.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA green, gender-equal, good governance approach to COVID-19 measures is a socio-economic response that is essential for the realization of a \u0022new normal\u0022. In response to this complex crisis, UNDP recommends five things:\u0026nbsp;(1)\u0026nbsp;protecting health systems and services,\u0026nbsp;(2)\u0026nbsp;ramping up social protection,\u0026nbsp;(3)\u0026nbsp;protecting jobs, small- and medium-sized businesses and informal sector workers;\u0026nbsp;(4)\u0026nbsp;making macroeconomic policies work for everyone; and\u0026nbsp;(5)\u0026nbsp;promoting peace, good governance and trust to build social cohesion.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNDP COVID-19: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/news-centre/news/2020/COVID19_Human_development_on_course_to_decline_for_the_first_time_since_1990.html\u0022\u003EHuman development on course to decline this year for the first time since 1990\u003C/a\u003E \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid\u0022\u003Ehttp://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200527_ico.jpeg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200622#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-28", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "52. New Coronavirus Pandemic and Food Supply Chain in Africa", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "52. New Coronavirus Pandemic and Food Supply Chain in Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Researchers at Michigan State University, who have made significant contributions to research on African development especially in the areas of agriculture and food, highlighted the importance of the Food Supply Chains (FSCs) in Africa. An average 80% of food consumed in Africa is purchased from FSCs, around 85% of the food supply in FSCs is handled by small and medium scale enterprises, and domestic FSCs supply accounts for 80-90% of the African food market.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Researchers at Michigan State University, who have made significant contributions to research on African development especially in the areas of agriculture and food, highlighted the importance of the Food Supply Chains (FSCs) in Africa. An average 80% of food consumed in Africa is purchased from FSCs, around 85% of the food supply in FSCs is handled by small and medium scale enterprises, and domestic FSCs supply accounts for 80-90% of the African food market.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EResearchers at Michigan State University (Thomas Reardon \u0026amp; Saweda Liverpool-Tasie), who have made many achievements in research on African development research, especially in the fields of agriculture and food problems, have been confirmed by the novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) and the food supply chain in Africa.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;authors enumerated the following\u0026nbsp;4 crucial facts and 1 implication from the facts, to orient policy discussion about COVID-19 and food supply chains (FSCs) in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 1:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;FSCs are extremely important to African consumers. An average of 80% of the food consumed in Africa is purchased through FSCs, leaving only 20% on subsistence. The breakdown is as follows: 60% from urban consumers; 40% from rural households with half grown and half purchased; and 60% + 20% therefore accounts for the proportion of food consumed at national level.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 2:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;FSCs are mainly composed of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) handling about 85% of the food supply. There are millions of SMEs in Africa\u0027s total SCS co-existing with supermarkets, processors and fast-food chains and account for 15-20% of the African food economy.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 3:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Domestic FSCs supply accounts for 80-90% of the African food market and imports 10-20%. Therefore, imports are important, but the domestic FSC sector has the largest share and should be policy-focused.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 4:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;FSCs play an important role in urban and rural employment in Africa. Estimates based on data from several African countries show that when converted to full-time employment, 40% of rural households are self-employed, 5% are in farm-wage labor, 20% are post-farmgate FSC employment, and 35% are in non-farm employment. In the urban sector, 25% of non-farming FSC employment and 65% of other non-farming employment were estimated to be full-time employment equivalent.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EImplication: These four facts suggest that 65% of Africa\u0027s food is circulated through SMEs and, in the process, creates many jobs and supports people\u0027s lives in Africa. In maintaining food access, it is important that the SMEs sector continue to function both as suppliers and employers and should be focused on a realistic context for Africa\u0027s FSCs support policies and strategies during the COVID-19 crisis.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers recommended a dual strategy for governments, namely, (1)\u0026nbsp;continue to take public-health actions\u0026nbsp;to stop COVID-19 spread and to communicate these actions to your citizens, and (2)\u0026nbsp;help keep agrifood SMEs operating\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;wholesalers, logistics firms especially truckers, street food stalls, small food shops, and wet-market stalls.The second recommendation include\u0026nbsp;specific actions to help keep the SMEs alive\u0026nbsp;and delivering and processing food and employing people.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMichigan State University. Thomas Reardon \u0026amp; Saweda Liverpool-Tasie - May 18, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/policy-strategies-to-support-african-food-supply-chains-in-and-after-the-covid-19-crisis\u0022\u003ECRUCIAL FACTS FOR FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN POLICIES IN COVID-19 CRISIS\u003C/a\u003E　Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics Food Security Group \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EResearchers at Michigan State University (Thomas Reardon \u0026amp; Saweda Liverpool-Tasie), who have made many achievements in research on African development research, especially in the fields of agriculture and food problems, have been confirmed by the novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) and the food supply chain in Africa.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;authors enumerated the following\u0026nbsp;4 crucial facts and 1 implication from the facts, to orient policy discussion about COVID-19 and food supply chains (FSCs) in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 1:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;FSCs are extremely important to African consumers. An average of 80% of the food consumed in Africa is purchased through FSCs, leaving only 20% on subsistence. The breakdown is as follows: 60% from urban consumers; 40% from rural households with half grown and half purchased; and 60% + 20% therefore accounts for the proportion of food consumed at national level.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 2:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;FSCs are mainly composed of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) handling about 85% of the food supply. There are millions of SMEs in Africa\u0027s total SCS co-existing with supermarkets, processors and fast-food chains and account for 15-20% of the African food economy.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 3:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Domestic FSCs supply accounts for 80-90% of the African food market and imports 10-20%. Therefore, imports are important, but the domestic FSC sector has the largest share and should be policy-focused.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 4:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;FSCs play an important role in urban and rural employment in Africa. Estimates based on data from several African countries show that when converted to full-time employment, 40% of rural households are self-employed, 5% are in farm-wage labor, 20% are post-farmgate FSC employment, and 35% are in non-farm employment. In the urban sector, 25% of non-farming FSC employment and 65% of other non-farming employment were estimated to be full-time employment equivalent.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EImplication: These four facts suggest that 65% of Africa\u0027s food is circulated through SMEs and, in the process, creates many jobs and supports people\u0027s lives in Africa. In maintaining food access, it is important that the SMEs sector continue to function both as suppliers and employers and should be focused on a realistic context for Africa\u0027s FSCs support policies and strategies during the COVID-19 crisis.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers recommended a dual strategy for governments, namely, (1)\u0026nbsp;continue to take public-health actions\u0026nbsp;to stop COVID-19 spread and to communicate these actions to your citizens, and (2)\u0026nbsp;help keep agrifood SMEs operating\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;wholesalers, logistics firms especially truckers, street food stalls, small food shops, and wet-market stalls.The second recommendation include\u0026nbsp;specific actions to help keep the SMEs alive\u0026nbsp;and delivering and processing food and employing people.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMichigan State University. Thomas Reardon \u0026amp; Saweda Liverpool-Tasie - May 18, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/policy-strategies-to-support-african-food-supply-chains-in-and-after-the-covid-19-crisis\u0022\u003ECRUCIAL FACTS FOR FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN POLICIES IN COVID-19 CRISIS\u003C/a\u003E　Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics Food Security Group \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200528#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-28", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "52. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック －アフリカにおけるフードサプライチェーン", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "52. New Coronavirus Pandemic and Food Supply Chain in Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカ開発研究、とくに農業・食料問題の分野で多くの成果を挙げるミシガン州立大学の研究者は、アフリカにおけるフードサプライチェーン(FSCs)の重要性を強調しました。消費される食料の平均80％がフードサプライチェーン(FSCs)を通じて購入されており、FSCsにおける食料供給の85％程度が中小企業によって取り扱われ、国内FSCs供給はアフリカ食料市場の80-90％を占め、FSCsは都市・農村雇用にとって重要な役割を果たしています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Researchers at Michigan State University, who have made significant contributions to research on African development especially in the areas of agriculture and food, highlighted the importance of the Food Supply Chains (FSCs) in Africa. An average 80% of food consumed in Africa is purchased from FSCs, around 85% of the food supply in FSCs is handled by small and medium scale enterprises, and domestic FSCs supply accounts for 80-90% of the African food market.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ開発研究、とくに農業・食料問題の分野で多くの成果を挙げるミシガン州立大学の研究者(Thomas Reardon \u0026amp; Saweda Liverpool-Tasie)が、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)とアフリカにおけるフードサプライチェーン(food supply chains: FSCs)に関して、4つ事実と、そこから導き出される示唆について議論しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第一に、アフリカの消費者にとり、FSCsは極めて重要です。アフリカで消費される食料の平均80％がFSCsを通じて購入されており、自給自足は20％にとどまります。80％の根拠は以下の通りです。(1)アフリカにおいて消費される全食料の60％が都市消費者によるものである；(2)アフリカで消費される全食料の40％が農村世帯によるものである。このうち50％が自らの食料を生産し、残りの50％は購入する；(3)したがって、60%+20%が国レベルで消費される食料のうち購入による割合となる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第二に、FSCsは主に中小企業(small and medium scale enterprises -SMEs)によって構成されています。アフリカのFSCsにおける食料供給の85％程度がSMEsによって取り扱われており、アフリカのSCS全体で数百万のSMEsが関わっていると考えられます。SMEsの集合体による巨大セクターと共存しているのが、新興してきたスーパーマーケット、加工業者、ファーストフードチェーンであり、アフリカ食料経済の15-20％を占めます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第三に、国内のFSCs供給はアフリカ食料市場の80-90％を占め、輸入は10-20％です。よって、輸入も重要ですが、国内FSC部門が最大のシェアを握り、政策的に着目されるべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第四に、FSCsはアフリカにおける都市・農村雇用にとって重要な役割を果たします。アフリカ数か国のデータに基づき推計したところ、フルタイム雇用に換算すると、農村世帯の40％が自家農業、５％が農業賃労働、20％が農作業以外のFSCでの雇用、35％が非FSC・非農業農村雇用、に携わっていることが判明しました。都市部門では、フルタイム雇用換算で、25％が農作業以外のFSC雇用、65％がその他非農業雇用であると推計されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E以上4つの事実から示唆されるのは、アフリカにおける食料の65％がSMEsを通じて流通していること、そしてその過程で多くの雇用を生み出し、人々の生活を支えていることを踏まえれば、アフリカにおける食料アクセスを維持する上で、SMEsセクターが供給者・雇用者として機能し続けることが大事であり、COVID-19危機におけるアフリカFSCs支援政策・戦略のための現実的なコンテクストとして着目されるべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E研究者は、SMEsを対象とした投入財やロジスティクスへの支援、インフラ維持・更新への投資、低金利融資の提供などを提言しました。政府やドナーは、消費者への直接食料配給だけではアフリカ食料消費の5％しかカバーできず、民間のFSC分野が80％のアフリカ食料供給に関わっていることを認識すべきとしました。アフリカへの食料援助を現在の水準の2倍にしたとしても、アフリカが必要とする1週間分の食料にしかなりません。よって食糧支援はFSCがカバーできない部門にターゲットを絞り、モバイルマネーでの支給を検討し、政府による配給がFSCsの機会を奪わないよう、むしろ民間商店からの調達等、官民連携を通じて行われるべきである、としました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMichigan State University. Thomas Reardon \u0026amp; Saweda Liverpool-Tasie - May 18, 2020 CRUCIAL FACTS FOR FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN POLICIES IN COVID-19 CRISIS　Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics Food Security Group \u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/policy-strategies-to-support-african-food-supply-chains-in-and-after-the-covid-19-crisis\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.canr.msu.edu/news/policy-strategies-to-support-african-food-supply-chains-in-and-after-the-covid-19-crisis\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EResearchers at Michigan State University (Thomas Reardon \u0026amp; Saweda Liverpool-Tasie), who have made many achievements in research on African development research, especially in the fields of agriculture and food problems, have been confirmed by the novel coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) and the food supply chain in Africa.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;authors enumerated the following\u0026nbsp;4 crucial facts and 1 implication from the facts, to orient policy discussion about COVID-19 and food supply chains (FSCs) in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 1:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;FSCs are extremely important to African consumers. An average of 80% of the food consumed in Africa is purchased through FSCs, leaving only 20% on subsistence. The breakdown is as follows: 60% from urban consumers; 40% from rural households with half grown and half purchased; and 60% + 20% therefore accounts for the proportion of food consumed at national level.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 2:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;FSCs are mainly composed of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) handling about 85% of the food supply. There are millions of SMEs in Africa\u0027s total SCS co-existing with supermarkets, processors and fast-food chains and account for 15-20% of the African food economy.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 3:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Domestic FSCs supply accounts for 80-90% of the African food market and imports 10-20%. Therefore, imports are important, but the domestic FSC sector has the largest share and should be policy-focused.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFact 4:\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;FSCs play an important role in urban and rural employment in Africa. Estimates based on data from several African countries show that when converted to full-time employment, 40% of rural households are self-employed, 5% are in farm-wage labor, 20% are post-farmgate FSC employment, and 35% are in non-farm employment. In the urban sector, 25% of non-farming FSC employment and 65% of other non-farming employment were estimated to be full-time employment equivalent.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EImplication: These four facts suggest that 65% of Africa\u0027s food is circulated through SMEs and, in the process, creates many jobs and supports people\u0027s lives in Africa. In maintaining food access, it is important that the SMEs sector continue to function both as suppliers and employers and should be focused on a realistic context for Africa\u0027s FSCs support policies and strategies during the COVID-19 crisis.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe researchers recommended a dual strategy for governments, namely, (1)\u0026nbsp;continue to take public-health actions\u0026nbsp;to stop COVID-19 spread and to communicate these actions to your citizens, and (2)\u0026nbsp;help keep agrifood SMEs operating\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;wholesalers, logistics firms especially truckers, street food stalls, small food shops, and wet-market stalls.The second recommendation include\u0026nbsp;specific actions to help keep the SMEs alive\u0026nbsp;and delivering and processing food and employing people.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMichigan State University. Thomas Reardon \u0026amp; Saweda Liverpool-Tasie - May 18, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/policy-strategies-to-support-african-food-supply-chains-in-and-after-the-covid-19-crisis\u0022\u003ECRUCIAL FACTS FOR FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN POLICIES IN COVID-19 CRISIS\u003C/a\u003E　Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics Food Security Group \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200528_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200629#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-29", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "53. The Lancet Planetary Health Correspondence - Climate Change and Heat-related Mortality", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "53. The Lancet Planetary Health Correspondence - Climate Change and Heat-related Mortality", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The heatstroke season is now beginning in Japan. A correspondence article published in The Lancet Planetary Health in May 2020 emphasized the need to understand the impact of climate and environmental change on human health, while mentioning that heat-related mortality may be underestimated. As severe environmental events become more common, correct reporting and attribution is needed to provide evidence to guide local, national and global response measures. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The heatstroke season is now beginning in Japan. A correspondence article published in The Lancet Planetary Health in May 2020 emphasized the need to understand the impact of climate and environmental change on human health, while mentioning that heat-related mortality may be underestimated. As severe environmental events become more common, correct reporting and attribution is needed to provide evidence to guide local, national and global response measures. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJapan is now entering the summer season which is always associated with increased risk to heatstroke. The Lancet Planetary Health, published a correspondence article by Longden et al. in May 2020 issue, advocating the need to understand the effects of climate and environmental changes on human health such as heat-related mortality.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30100-5\u0022\u003Earticle\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAustralia\u0027s mortality record shows underestimation of heat-related mortality. Of the 1.7 million deaths from 2006 to 2017, less than 0.1% was attributed directly or indirectly to extreme natural heat.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;However, a recent study found that official statistics underestimate the association at least 50 fold. Understanding the extent to which environmental factors affect human health is also important in accurately understanding the impact of climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs severe environmental events become more common, it is necessary to analyze causal relationships in order to provide evidence, and to guide local, national and global adaptation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe problem of underestimating deaths from heat is similar to the case of death from a lightning accident in which the direct cause, such as collapse of buildings or falling trees, is reported without reference to the indirect cause. Many countries are trying to modernize their death certification system and recording laws to address the issue of systems for reporting causes of death.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is necessary to design systems to monitor mortality that reflects the impact of large-scale environmental events given the unpredictable, global-scale climate and environmental disasters such as the 2019-20 heatwave and wildfires in Australia.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMonitoring of heat-related mortality should combine death and temperature data sources. However accurate data is not available for more than 2 billion people in the most vulnerable tropical regions.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate change is a concern for many, but it is impossible to understand its impact without recording the effects of extreme temperatures. The death certification system should be modernized and indirect causes of death should be recorded, along with a large-scale environmental datasets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELongden T et al. (2020)\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30100-5\u0022\u003EHeat-related mortality: an urgent need to recognise and record\u003C/a\u003E. The Lancet Planetary Health.\u0026nbsp;Correspondence\u0026nbsp;Vol 4, Issue 5, E171, May 01, 2020 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (REsearch Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJapan is now entering the summer season which is always associated with increased risk to heatstroke. The Lancet Planetary Health, published a correspondence article by Longden et al. in May 2020 issue, advocating the need to understand the effects of climate and environmental changes on human health such as heat-related mortality.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30100-5\u0022\u003Earticle\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAustralia\u0027s mortality record shows underestimation of heat-related mortality. Of the 1.7 million deaths from 2006 to 2017, less than 0.1% was attributed directly or indirectly to extreme natural heat.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;However, a recent study found that official statistics underestimate the association at least 50 fold. Understanding the extent to which environmental factors affect human health is also important in accurately understanding the impact of climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs severe environmental events become more common, it is necessary to analyze causal relationships in order to provide evidence, and to guide local, national and global adaptation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe problem of underestimating deaths from heat is similar to the case of death from a lightning accident in which the direct cause, such as collapse of buildings or falling trees, is reported without reference to the indirect cause. Many countries are trying to modernize their death certification system and recording laws to address the issue of systems for reporting causes of death.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is necessary to design systems to monitor mortality that reflects the impact of large-scale environmental events given the unpredictable, global-scale climate and environmental disasters such as the 2019-20 heatwave and wildfires in Australia.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMonitoring of heat-related mortality should combine death and temperature data sources. However accurate data is not available for more than 2 billion people in the most vulnerable tropical regions.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate change is a concern for many, but it is impossible to understand its impact without recording the effects of extreme temperatures. The death certification system should be modernized and indirect causes of death should be recorded, along with a large-scale environmental datasets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELongden T et al. (2020)\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30100-5\u0022\u003EHeat-related mortality: an urgent need to recognise and record\u003C/a\u003E. The Lancet Planetary Health.\u0026nbsp;Correspondence\u0026nbsp;Vol 4, Issue 5, E171, May 01, 2020 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (REsearch Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200529#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-05-29", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "53. The Lancet論説　―　気候変動と熱中症", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "53. The Lancet Planetary Health Correspondence - Climate Change and Heat-related Mortality", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "そろそろ日本でも熱中症の危険がある季節に突入します。2020年5月にThe Lancet誌で公表された論説は、熱中症の死亡率が過小評価されている可能性に言及しつつ、気候変動・環境変化が人間の健康に与える影響を把握する必要性を訴えました。異常な環境災害が日常化するにつれ、地域・国レベル・世界レベルでの対応策の指針とするエビデンス提供のために、因果関係の分析が必要となります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The heatstroke season is now beginning in Japan. A correspondence article published in The Lancet Planetary Health in May 2020 emphasized the need to understand the impact of climate and environmental change on human health, while mentioning that heat-related mortality may be underestimated. As severe environmental events become more common, correct reporting and attribution is needed to provide evidence to guide local, national and global response measures. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eそろそろ日本でも熱中症の危険がある季節に突入します。農林水産業のテーマとはそれますが、気候変動・環境変化が熱中症など人間の健康に与える影響を把握する必要性を訴えた、2020年5月にThe Lancet誌で公表された論説 (Longden et al.)を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eオーストラリアの死亡数記録は、熱中症関連の死亡数を過小評価していることを示しています。2006年から2017年までの170万件の死亡数のうち、間接・直接的に熱中症に起因する死亡率は0.1%以下に過ぎませんでしたが、最近の研究によると公式な統計は少なくとも相関を50倍少なく見積もっているとしました。人間の健康に環境要因が及ぼす程度について理解することは、気候変動のインパクトを正確に把握する上でも重要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E異常な環境災害が日常化するにつれ、地域・国レベル・世界レベルでの対応策の指針とするエビデンス提供のために、因果関係の分析が必要となります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E熱中症からの死亡を過小評価する問題は、雷による事故の死亡のケースと似ています。倒木や火事による建物の崩壊に巻き込まれたことが直接の死因とされ、死因に間接的に関わっている雷については言及されることがないというように。死亡原因を報告するシステムの問題に対し、多くの国では死亡証明書と記録法の近代化を進めようとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2019－20年のオーストラリアにおける熱波と山火事のような予測不可能でグローバルスケールの気候・環境災害を踏まえれば、大規模な環境災害のインパクトを反映して死亡率を記録するシステムが求められています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E死亡記録と気温データ源を合わせて気温関連の死亡数を推計することが重要であるにもかかわらず、最も脆弱である熱帯地域の20億人以上の人々に対し、正確なデータを把握するための資源が限られています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動は多くの人々にとっての懸念ですが、異常な気温の影響について記録がなければ、そのインパクトの理解は不可能です。死亡証明のシステムは近代化されるべきであり、大規模な環境データベースと合わせて、間接的な死亡要因も記録されるべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELongden T et al. (2020)\u0026nbsp; Heat-related mortality: an urgent need to recognise and record. The Lancet Planetary Health.\u0026nbsp; CORRESPONDENCE| VOLUME 4, ISSUE 5, E171, MAY 01, 2020 May, 2020 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30100-5\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJapan is now entering the summer season which is always associated with increased risk to heatstroke. The Lancet Planetary Health, published a correspondence article by Longden et al. in May 2020 issue, advocating the need to understand the effects of climate and environmental changes on human health such as heat-related mortality.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHere are some excerpts from the \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30100-5\u0022\u003Earticle\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAustralia\u0027s mortality record shows underestimation of heat-related mortality. Of the 1.7 million deaths from 2006 to 2017, less than 0.1% was attributed directly or indirectly to extreme natural heat.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;However, a recent study found that official statistics underestimate the association at least 50 fold. Understanding the extent to which environmental factors affect human health is also important in accurately understanding the impact of climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs severe environmental events become more common, it is necessary to analyze causal relationships in order to provide evidence, and to guide local, national and global adaptation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe problem of underestimating deaths from heat is similar to the case of death from a lightning accident in which the direct cause, such as collapse of buildings or falling trees, is reported without reference to the indirect cause. Many countries are trying to modernize their death certification system and recording laws to address the issue of systems for reporting causes of death.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIt is necessary to design systems to monitor mortality that reflects the impact of large-scale environmental events given the unpredictable, global-scale climate and environmental disasters such as the 2019-20 heatwave and wildfires in Australia.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMonitoring of heat-related mortality should combine death and temperature data sources. However accurate data is not available for more than 2 billion people in the most vulnerable tropical regions.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate change is a concern for many, but it is impossible to understand its impact without recording the effects of extreme temperatures. The death certification system should be modernized and indirect causes of death should be recorded, along with a large-scale environmental datasets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELongden T et al. (2020)\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30100-5\u0022\u003EHeat-related mortality: an urgent need to recognise and record\u003C/a\u003E. The Lancet Planetary Health.\u0026nbsp;Correspondence\u0026nbsp;Vol 4, Issue 5, E171, May 01, 2020 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (REsearch Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202005/20200529_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200629_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "54. Nature Communications - The Role of Big Data in Environmental Protection and Promotion of Sustainable Ddevelopment", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "54. Nature Communications - The Role of Big Data in Environmental Protection and Promotion of Sustainable Ddevelopment", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On April 24, 2020, Nature Communications published a comment article on the role of big data in environmental conservation and promoting sustainable development. Big data reveals the harsh environment facing the environment, while at the same time revealing \u0022bright spots\u0022. Big data analysis enables the collection of detailed evidence of rapid environmental changes, from recording the greening process of the earth to detecting illegal resource exploitation. Big data analysis needs to work in conjunction with environmental decision making to meet sustainable development challenges. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On April 24, 2020, Nature Communications published a comment article on the role of big data in environmental conservation and promoting sustainable development. Big data reveals the harsh environment facing the environment, while at the same time revealing \u0022bright spots\u0022. Big data analysis enables the collection of detailed evidence of rapid environmental changes, from recording the greening process of the earth to detecting illegal resource exploitation. Big data analysis needs to work in conjunction with environmental decision making to meet sustainable development challenges. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 24, 2020,\u0026nbsp;Nature Communications\u0026nbsp;published a comment article by Runting et al. on the role of big data in environmental protection and promoting sustainable development.\u0026nbsp;Here are some excerpts from the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15870-0\u0022\u003Earticle\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBig data reveals the harsh environment facing the environment, while at the same time revealing “bright spots” in terms of opportunities in conservation and sustainability. Big data analysis is effective for environmental conservation in cooperation with efforts to promote sustainable development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Big Data Revolution, achieved by integrating technologies that enable large amounts of data acquisition, processing, analysis, and visualization in a short period of time, has led to the explosion of various types of data over the past 50 years. Advances in data accumulation in bio-geophysical sciences have made it possible for scientists to discover, analyze and understand environmental changes from the micro level to the global level, and separate human driven factors. For this reason, grasping the current state of the environment and trend analysis have also attracted attention in the application of big data.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article concluded that big data acquisition and analysis must be linked to environmental decision-making to meet the challenges of sustainable development. Big data analysis enables detailed evidence collection of rapid environmental changes, from recording the greening process of the earth to detecting illegal resource exploitation. And to ensure that\u0026nbsp;there is enough\u0026nbsp;time and space to save\u0026nbsp;theenvironment, there must be a tight coupling of big Data analyses and the sustainability agenda.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERunting, R.K., Phinn, S., Xie, Z. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15870-0\u0022\u003EOpportunities for big data in conservation and sustainability\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Commun 11, 2003 (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 24, 2020,\u0026nbsp;Nature Communications\u0026nbsp;published a comment article by Runting et al. on the role of big data in environmental protection and promoting sustainable development.\u0026nbsp;Here are some excerpts from the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15870-0\u0022\u003Earticle\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBig data reveals the harsh environment facing the environment, while at the same time revealing “bright spots” in terms of opportunities in conservation and sustainability. Big data analysis is effective for environmental conservation in cooperation with efforts to promote sustainable development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Big Data Revolution, achieved by integrating technologies that enable large amounts of data acquisition, processing, analysis, and visualization in a short period of time, has led to the explosion of various types of data over the past 50 years. Advances in data accumulation in bio-geophysical sciences have made it possible for scientists to discover, analyze and understand environmental changes from the micro level to the global level, and separate human driven factors. For this reason, grasping the current state of the environment and trend analysis have also attracted attention in the application of big data.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article concluded that big data acquisition and analysis must be linked to environmental decision-making to meet the challenges of sustainable development. Big data analysis enables detailed evidence collection of rapid environmental changes, from recording the greening process of the earth to detecting illegal resource exploitation. And to ensure that\u0026nbsp;there is enough\u0026nbsp;time and space to save\u0026nbsp;theenvironment, there must be a tight coupling of big Data analyses and the sustainability agenda.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERunting, R.K., Phinn, S., Xie, Z. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15870-0\u0022\u003EOpportunities for big data in conservation and sustainability\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Commun 11, 2003 (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200601#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "54. Nature Communication ― 環境保全と持続可能な開発推進におけるビックデータの役割", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "54. Nature Communications - The Role of Big Data in Environmental Protection and Promotion of Sustainable Ddevelopment", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年4月24日、Nature Communications誌は、環境保全と持続可能な開発推進におけるビックデータの役割に関する論考を発表しました。ビックデータは、環境が直面する厳しい現状を明らかにする一方、「せめてもの救い (bright spot) 」とその条件についても炙り出すことが可能です。ビックデータ解析は、地球の緑化プロセスの記録から違法な資源搾取の検出まで、急激な環境変化に関する詳細なエビデンスの収集を可能にしています。ビックデータ解析は、続可能な開発の課題に応えるために、環境意思決定と連動する必要があります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On April 24, 2020, Nature Communications published a comment article on the role of big data in environmental conservation and promoting sustainable development. Big data reveals the harsh environment facing the environment, while at the same time revealing \u0022bright spots\u0022. Big data analysis enables the collection of detailed evidence of rapid environmental changes, from recording the greening process of the earth to detecting illegal resource exploitation. Big data analysis needs to work in conjunction with environmental decision making to meet sustainable development challenges. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年4月24日、Nature Communications誌は、環境保全と持続可能な開発推進におけるビックデータの役割に関する論考を発表しました。ビックデータは、環境が直面する厳しい現状を明らかにする一方、「せめてもの救い (bright spot) 」とその条件についても炙り出すことが可能です。ビックデータ解析は、持続可能な開発推進の努力と連携することで、環境保全に有効です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E短時間で大量のデータ取得・加工・解析・視覚化を可能にする技術の統合により実現したビックデータ革命は、過去50年間に、入手可能なデータの種類を爆発的に増加させてきました。生態・地球物理科学におけるデータ集積の進展は、研究者がミクロレベルからグローバルレベルにおける環境変化を発見・解析し、その中でも人為的要因による事象を切り離して分析することを可能にしてきました。このため、ビックデータ応用においても、環境の現状把握・トレンド分析は注目を浴びてきました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eビックデータ解析の進歩は、地球環境の変化、多くの場合予測以上の劣化を明らかにしています。例えば、NASAと欧州宇宙機関の共同研究は、1992年から2017年の間に南極氷床で相当量(2720±1390 MG)の氷が失われたことを示しました(7.6 ± 3.9 mmの海面上昇に相当)。その僅か数年前には、気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)が、南極表面の物質収支の増加、従って世界平均海面上昇の抑制を予測するモデル予測に中程度の信頼を置いている、と述べていたのとは反対のエビデンスです。同様に、絶滅のおそれのある野生生物の種のリスト(Red List of Ecosystems)を編纂するにあたり、エコシステムの危機を評価する多くのエビデンスを活用する手法によって、危機的な状況を炙り出しています。例えばアメリカ・カリブ諸島地域では、85％の森林面積と80％の森林類型が潜在的に絶滅の危険にさらされています。環境の危機的状況を明らかにする手法開発の展開には目を見張るものがあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一方、ビックデータの分析は、全体的な環境劣化のパターンの中において「せめてもの救い(bright spots)」を浮かび上がらせ、政策介入などの要因を明らかにしています。例えば、世界全体で森林面積は急激に減少していますが、ブラジルでは2012年までの12年間、主に進歩的法制度のおかげで森林減少は減速しました（2019年の政権交代でトレンドは逆転していますが）。同様に最近の衛星データの分析は、中国とインドで観察される大規模な緑化が人による土地管理に起因することを明らかにしました。中国の緑化の大部分はエコシステムサービスへの支払い(payments for ecosystem services)などを通じた政府の野心的な植林・森林保護政策によるものです。生物物理学的な要因が緑化の背景となる場合もあります。例えばビックデータ解析により、過去40年間のチベット高原における降雨量の増加が植生の緑化に繋がったことが明らかになりました。この場合、緑化は炭素隔離には望ましいですが、従来のエコシステムと種の多様性には攪乱要因ともなり得ます。全体的に、1993年から2009年の間、先進24か国において、農村都市移動や環境保護プログラム等により平均的な人口圧は減少傾向にありますが、世界的な環境劣化のトレンドを逆転させるまでには至っていません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eビックデータの取得と分析は、持続可能な開発の課題に応えるため、環境意思決定と連動する必要があります。ビックデータ解析は、地球の緑化プロセスの記録から違法な資源搾取の検出まで、急激な環境変化の詳細なエビデンスの収集を可能にしています。環境と我々自身を破壊から守るための時間を節約するために、ビックデータと持続可能な開発アジェンダ間で連携が必要になります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERunting, R.K., Phinn, S., Xie, Z. et al. Opportunities for big data in conservation and sustainability. Nat Commun 11, 2003 (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15870-0\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15870-0\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn April 24, 2020,\u0026nbsp;Nature Communications\u0026nbsp;published a comment article by Runting et al. on the role of big data in environmental protection and promoting sustainable development.\u0026nbsp;Here are some excerpts from the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15870-0\u0022\u003Earticle\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBig data reveals the harsh environment facing the environment, while at the same time revealing “bright spots” in terms of opportunities in conservation and sustainability. Big data analysis is effective for environmental conservation in cooperation with efforts to promote sustainable development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Big Data Revolution, achieved by integrating technologies that enable large amounts of data acquisition, processing, analysis, and visualization in a short period of time, has led to the explosion of various types of data over the past 50 years. Advances in data accumulation in bio-geophysical sciences have made it possible for scientists to discover, analyze and understand environmental changes from the micro level to the global level, and separate human driven factors. For this reason, grasping the current state of the environment and trend analysis have also attracted attention in the application of big data.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article concluded that big data acquisition and analysis must be linked to environmental decision-making to meet the challenges of sustainable development. Big data analysis enables detailed evidence collection of rapid environmental changes, from recording the greening process of the earth to detecting illegal resource exploitation. And to ensure that\u0026nbsp;there is enough\u0026nbsp;time and space to save\u0026nbsp;theenvironment, there must be a tight coupling of big Data analyses and the sustainability agenda.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERunting, R.K., Phinn, S., Xie, Z. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15870-0\u0022\u003EOpportunities for big data in conservation and sustainability\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Commun 11, 2003 (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200601_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200629_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "55. Comprehensive Response to Build Resilience to Climate crisis and COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "55. Comprehensive Response to Build Resilience to Climate crisis and COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Africa is vulnerable to the effects of climate change as it is hit by COVID-19. In May 2020, the Global Center for Adaptation issued a policy brief titled “Integrated Responses to Building climate and pandemic resilience in Africa”. In order for Africa to attain a “triple dividend” of reduced pandemic risk, climate resilience and economic recovery, it is necessary to invest in food security, water management and infrastructure.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa is vulnerable to the effects of climate change as it is hit by COVID-19. In May 2020, the Global Center for Adaptation issued a policy brief titled “Integrated Responses to Building climate and pandemic resilience in Africa”. In order for Africa to attain a “triple dividend” of reduced pandemic risk, climate resilience and economic recovery, it is necessary to invest in food security, water management and infrastructure.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn May 2020, the Global Center for Adaptation, co-chaired by the heads of 54 African countries and the 8th United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, published a policy brief: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2020-05/GCA-AAI_Policy_Brief.pdf\u0022\u003EIntegrated Responses to Building Climate and Pandemic Resilience in Africa\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The brief emphasized the need to invest in food security, water management and infrastructure for Africa to attain a “triple dividend” of reduced pandemic risk, climate resilience and economic recovery.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Center on Adaptation. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/solutions/is-a-green-recovery-in-africa-possible-after-covid-19\u0022\u003EIs a green recovery in Africa possible after Covid-19?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Center on Adaptation. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2020-05/GCA-AAI_Policy_Brief.pdf\u0022\u003EINTEGRATED RESPONSES TO BUILDING CLIMATE AND PANDEMIC RESILIENCE IN AFRICA\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp; A Policy Brief from the Global Center on Adaptation \u0026amp; African Adaptation Initiative May 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThomson Reuters. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://news.trust.org/item/20200522094357-itz0e/\u0022\u003EOPINION: To avert a COVID-triggered famine, our global food systems need to change by Ban Ki-moon and Dag-Inge Ulstein\u003C/a\u003E | Global Commission on Adaptation Friday, 22 May 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributed by: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn May 2020, the Global Center for Adaptation, co-chaired by the heads of 54 African countries and the 8th United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, published a policy brief: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2020-05/GCA-AAI_Policy_Brief.pdf\u0022\u003EIntegrated Responses to Building Climate and Pandemic Resilience in Africa\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The brief emphasized the need to invest in food security, water management and infrastructure for Africa to attain a “triple dividend” of reduced pandemic risk, climate resilience and economic recovery.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Center on Adaptation. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/solutions/is-a-green-recovery-in-africa-possible-after-covid-19\u0022\u003EIs a green recovery in Africa possible after Covid-19?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Center on Adaptation. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2020-05/GCA-AAI_Policy_Brief.pdf\u0022\u003EINTEGRATED RESPONSES TO BUILDING CLIMATE AND PANDEMIC RESILIENCE IN AFRICA\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp; A Policy Brief from the Global Center on Adaptation \u0026amp; African Adaptation Initiative May 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThomson Reuters. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://news.trust.org/item/20200522094357-itz0e/\u0022\u003EOPINION: To avert a COVID-triggered famine, our global food systems need to change by Ban Ki-moon and Dag-Inge Ulstein\u003C/a\u003E | Global Commission on Adaptation Friday, 22 May 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributed by: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200602#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "55. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック　－　アフリカにおける気候危機・パンデミックへの強靭性構築のための総合的対応", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "55. Comprehensive Response to Build Resilience to Climate crisis and COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカはCOVID-19の打撃を受ける中、気候変動の影響にも脆弱です。2020年5月、気候変動適応のためのグローバルセンター (Global Center on Adaptation)は「アフリカにおける気候危機・パンデミックへの強靭性構築のための総合的対応」政策概要を公表しました。アフリカがパンデミックのリスク削減と同時に気候変動の強靭性と経済復興という「3重の配当triple dividend」を得るには、食料安全保障、水資源アクセス改善、強靭なインフラ構築、分野に刺激対策資金を投入すべきとしています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Africa is vulnerable to the effects of climate change as it is hit by COVID-19. In May 2020, the Global Center for Adaptation issued a policy brief titled “Integrated Responses to Building climate and pandemic resilience in Africa”. In order for Africa to attain a “triple dividend” of reduced pandemic risk, climate resilience and economic recovery, it is necessary to invest in food security, water management and infrastructure.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月、アフリカ54か国の首脳と第8代国際連合事務総長の潘基文氏が共同議長を務める気候変動適応のためのグローバルセンター (Global Center on Adaptation)は「アフリカにおける気候危機・パンデミックへの強靭性構築のための総合的対応 Integrated Responses to Building Climate and Pandemic Resilience in Africa」政策概要を公表しました。以下、概要を紹介するブログの内容から抜粋します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EアフリカはCOVID-19の打撃を受ける中、気候変動の影響にも脆弱です。アフリカにおける野心的な刺激策は、COVID-19後の「よりよい復興」に使われるべきです。政策概要は、アフリカがパンデミックのリスク削減と同時に気候変動の強靭性と経済復興という「3重の配当triple dividend」を得るには、食料安全保障、水資源アクセス改善、強靭なインフラ構築、分野に刺激対策資金を投入すべきとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E食料安全保障：今日、アフリカの人口の74％が食料安全保障の問題をかかえており、COVID-19がさらに状況を悪化させると想定されます。急速に増え続ける人口を養うために、サブサハラアフリカ諸国は輸入食料に依存しなければなりません。パンデミック以前でさえ、2017年の350億ドルから2030年に1100憶ドルに輸入額が増加すると予測されていました。COVID-19は、アフリカの食料安全保障の危機をもたらしかねません。女性小規模農家支援やデジタル技術の推進が危機を乗り越える選択肢となりえます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E水資源アクセス改善：アフリカでは、3億2000万人の人々が安全な飲料水へのアクセスがなく、半分以上の人口が公衆衛生設備へのアクセスがありません。COVID-19拡大回避のために頻繁な手洗いが必要な時には致命的です。したがって、大陸全体で水管理のガバナンスを向上しつつ、水・公衆衛生設備へのアクセスを改善すべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E強靭なインフラ構築：アフリカの成長を持続させ、貧困撲滅を加速させるうえで、強靭なインフラへの投資は必須です。COVID-19パンデミックは、危機下でも機能する強靭なインフラの必要性を明らかにしました。世界銀行によると、アフリカは次の10年間、不足しているインフラのギャップを埋めるために毎年1000憶ドルの投資が必要となるとのことですが、EUの分析によると、1ドルの投資あたり4ドルのリターンが期待されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Center on Adaptation. Is a green recovery in Africa possible after Covid-19? \u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/solutions/is-a-green-recovery-in-africa-possible-after-covid-19\u0022\u003Ehttps://gca.org/solutions/is-a-green-recovery-in-africa-possible-after-covid-19\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Center on Adaptation. INTEGRATED RESPONSES TO BUILDING CLIMATE AND PANDEMIC RESILIENCE IN AFRICA.\u0026nbsp; A Policy Brief from the Global Center on Adaptation \u0026amp; African Adaptation Initiative May 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2020-05/GCA-AAI_Policy_Brief.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://cdn.gca.org/assets/2020-05/GCA-AAI_Policy_Brief.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThomson Reuters. OPINION: To avert a COVID-triggered famine, our global food systems need to change by Ban Ki-moon and Dag-Inge Ulstein | Global Commission on Adaptation Friday, 22 May 2020.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.trust.org/item/20200522094357-itz0e/\u0022\u003Ehttps://news.trust.org/item/20200522094357-itz0e/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn May 2020, the Global Center for Adaptation, co-chaired by the heads of 54 African countries and the 8th United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, published a policy brief: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2020-05/GCA-AAI_Policy_Brief.pdf\u0022\u003EIntegrated Responses to Building Climate and Pandemic Resilience in Africa\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The brief emphasized the need to invest in food security, water management and infrastructure for Africa to attain a “triple dividend” of reduced pandemic risk, climate resilience and economic recovery.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Center on Adaptation. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://gca.org/solutions/is-a-green-recovery-in-africa-possible-after-covid-19\u0022\u003EIs a green recovery in Africa possible after Covid-19?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Center on Adaptation. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://cdn.gca.org/assets/2020-05/GCA-AAI_Policy_Brief.pdf\u0022\u003EINTEGRATED RESPONSES TO BUILDING CLIMATE AND PANDEMIC RESILIENCE IN AFRICA\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp; A Policy Brief from the Global Center on Adaptation \u0026amp; African Adaptation Initiative May 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThomson Reuters. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://news.trust.org/item/20200522094357-itz0e/\u0022\u003EOPINION: To avert a COVID-triggered famine, our global food systems need to change by Ban Ki-moon and Dag-Inge Ulstein\u003C/a\u003E | Global Commission on Adaptation Friday, 22 May 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributed by: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200602_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/node/23201#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "56. FAO・GAIN・Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World : Launching of the Food Systems Dashboard ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "56. FAO・GAIN・Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World : Launching of the Food Systems Dashboard ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On June 1, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), and the Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launched the Food Systems Dashboard, a new online tool designed to help decision makers in understanding food systems for good policymaking. The dashboard presents over 170 indicators from 35 data sources for food systems in more than 230 countries and territories, which can be used to compare and analyze the data to identify priority areas for dietary and nutritional improvement. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 1, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), and the Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launched the Food Systems Dashboard, a new online tool designed to help decision makers in understanding food systems for good policymaking. The dashboard presents over 170 indicators from 35 data sources for food systems in more than 230 countries and territories, which can be used to compare and analyze the data to identify priority areas for dietary and nutritional improvement. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 1, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), and the Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launched the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/\u0022\u003EFood Systems Dashboard\u003C/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;new\u0026nbsp;easy-to-navigate\u0026nbsp;online tool\u0026nbsp;designed to help decision makers in understanding food systems\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;good\u0026nbsp;policymaking.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe dashboard presents over 170 indicators across 35 data sources for food systems in over 230 countries and territories. It is expected to be useful for comparing food systems across countries and identifying priority areas for dietary and nutritional improvement. The dashboard also aims to halve the time it used to take to collect the right data.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u0022\u003EFAO. FAO, GAIN and Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launch new online dashboard to inform better food policy\u003C/a\u003E. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 1, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), and the Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launched the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/\u0022\u003EFood Systems Dashboard\u003C/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;new\u0026nbsp;easy-to-navigate\u0026nbsp;online tool\u0026nbsp;designed to help decision makers in understanding food systems\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;good\u0026nbsp;policymaking.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe dashboard presents over 170 indicators across 35 data sources for food systems in over 230 countries and territories. It is expected to be useful for comparing food systems across countries and identifying priority areas for dietary and nutritional improvement. The dashboard also aims to halve the time it used to take to collect the right data.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u0022\u003EFAO. FAO, GAIN and Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launch new online dashboard to inform better food policy\u003C/a\u003E. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200603#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "56. FAO・GAIN・The Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World: フードシステムに関する新ダッシュボードの開設", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "56. FAO・GAIN・Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World : Launching of the Food Systems Dashboard ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月1日、国連食糧農業機関 (FAO)・GAIN・ジョンズ・ホプキンス健康な世界のための同盟は、より賢明な食料政策策定のためのフードシステムに関する情報提供ツールとして、新たなオンライン・ダッシュボードを立ち上げました。ダッシュボードは230以上の国・地域のフードシステムに関して、35のデータソースに戻づく170以上の指標を提示し、フードシステムの多国間比較や食生活や栄養改善の優先分野の特定などに役立つことが期待されます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 1, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), and the Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launched the Food Systems Dashboard, a new online tool designed to help decision makers in understanding food systems for good policymaking. The dashboard presents over 170 indicators from 35 data sources for food systems in more than 230 countries and territories, which can be used to compare and analyze the data to identify priority areas for dietary and nutritional improvement. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月1日、国連食糧農業機関 (FAO)・GAIN (Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition) ・ジョンズ・ホプキンス健康な世界のための同盟 (The Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World)は、より賢明な食料政策策定のためのフードシステムに関する情報提供ツールとして、新たなオンライン・ダッシュボードを立ち上げました(http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eフードシステムは、農民・トレーダー・加工者・卸売業者・流通業者・小売業者・消費者を始めとする関係者、そして食料を農場から市場そして食卓へ届ける過程、を抱合します。きちんと機能しているフードシステムは、健康な食生活を支えるための栄養ある食料の利用可能性(availability)、アクセス可能性(accessibility)、手ごろな価格での提供可能性(affordability)を保証します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eダッシュボード開設のきっかけとなったのは、2017年国連フードシステムと栄養に関する専門家ハイレベルパネルにおいて、フードシステムに関して体系的かつ質が担保された情報へのアクセスが容易でないという認識が共有されたことでした。データがなくては、フードシステム改善のために最善のエビデンスに基づく対応をとることが不可能です。フードシステムに生来的な複雑性と相互に入り組む関係性を踏まえ、簡単に利用できる形でデータを提示することが重要であり、これがダッシュボード作成の動機となりました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eダッシュボードは230以上の国・地域のフードシステムに関して、35のデータソースに戻づく170以上の指標を提示しています。フードシステムの多国間比較や食生活や栄養改善の優先分野の特定などに役立つことが期待されます。ダッシュボードはこれまで適切なデータを収集するのにかかっていた時間を半減させることを目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. FAO, GAIN and Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launch new online dashboard to inform better food policy. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 1, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), and the Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launched the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/\u0022\u003EFood Systems Dashboard\u003C/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;new\u0026nbsp;easy-to-navigate\u0026nbsp;online tool\u0026nbsp;designed to help decision makers in understanding food systems\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;good\u0026nbsp;policymaking.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe dashboard presents over 170 indicators across 35 data sources for food systems in over 230 countries and territories. It is expected to be useful for comparing food systems across countries and identifying priority areas for dietary and nutritional improvement. The dashboard also aims to halve the time it used to take to collect the right data.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u0022\u003EFAO. FAO, GAIN and Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World launch new online dashboard to inform better food policy\u003C/a\u003E. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1278464/icode/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200603_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200629_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-04", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "57. World Bank ― The Global Economic Prospects, June 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "57. World Bank ― The Global Economic Prospects, June 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On June 2, 2020, the World Bank announced the excerpt of the analytical chapter from the Global Economic Prospects, June 2020 report before the release of the full edition on June 8. The COVID-19 is dealing a severe blow to the global economy, especially the emerging market and developing economies (EDMEs). The impact could have negative repercussions on the economy even after the worst medical crisis is over. To strengthen the future economy, policies that reflect the needs of creating new employment, business and governance systems in the post-pandemic era must be implemented.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 2, 2020, the World Bank announced the excerpt of the analytical chapter from the Global Economic Prospects, June 2020 report before the release of the full edition on June 8. The COVID-19 is dealing a severe blow to the global economy, especially the emerging market and developing economies (EDMEs). The impact could have negative repercussions on the economy even after the worst medical crisis is over. To strengthen the future economy, policies that reflect the needs of creating new employment, business and governance systems in the post-pandemic era must be implemented.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 2, 2020, the World Bank released the excerpts of the analytical chapters from the “Global Economic Prospects” before the issuance of the full edition on June 8.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19 is having a major blow to the global economy, especially the emerging market and developing economies (EDMEs). Countries that will be particularly hit hardest by the crisis include EDMEs with weak health systems, countries that rely heavily on global trade, tourism and remittances from abroad, and countries that depend on commodity exports.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo strengthen the future economy, it is necessary to secure human and physical capital during the reconstruction period through policies that reflect the needs for creating new employment, business and governance systems in the post-pandemic era.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33748\u0022\u003EGlobal Economic Prospects, June 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. PRESS RELEASE JUNE 2, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/06/02/countries-can-take-steps-now-to-speed-recovery-from-covid-19\u0022\u003ECountries Can Take Steps Now to Rebuild from COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 2, 2020, the World Bank released the excerpts of the analytical chapters from the “Global Economic Prospects” before the issuance of the full edition on June 8.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19 is having a major blow to the global economy, especially the emerging market and developing economies (EDMEs). Countries that will be particularly hit hardest by the crisis include EDMEs with weak health systems, countries that rely heavily on global trade, tourism and remittances from abroad, and countries that depend on commodity exports.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo strengthen the future economy, it is necessary to secure human and physical capital during the reconstruction period through policies that reflect the needs for creating new employment, business and governance systems in the post-pandemic era.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33748\u0022\u003EGlobal Economic Prospects, June 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. PRESS RELEASE JUNE 2, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/06/02/countries-can-take-steps-now-to-speed-recovery-from-covid-19\u0022\u003ECountries Can Take Steps Now to Rebuild from COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200604#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-04", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "57. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 世界銀行2020年6月　世界経済見通し", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "57. World Bank ― The Global Economic Prospects, June 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月2日、世界銀行は「2020年6月　世界経済見通しGlobal Economic Prospects, June 2020」について、6月8日の完全版発行を前に、分析章の抜粋を公表しました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)は世界経済、とりわけ新興市場途上国経済(emerging market and developing economies EDMEs)に大きな打撃を与えています。その影響は、最悪の医療危機を脱していった後も、残響のように経済に負の効果をもたらしかねません。将来の経済を強靭なものにするためには、ポスト・パンデミック時代に新たな雇用・ビジネス・ガバナンスシステムを創出するためのニーズを反映した政策が必要です。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 2, 2020, the World Bank announced the excerpt of the analytical chapter from the Global Economic Prospects, June 2020 report before the release of the full edition on June 8. The COVID-19 is dealing a severe blow to the global economy, especially the emerging market and developing economies (EDMEs). The impact could have negative repercussions on the economy even after the worst medical crisis is over. To strengthen the future economy, policies that reflect the needs of creating new employment, business and governance systems in the post-pandemic era must be implemented.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月2日、世界銀行は「2020年6月　世界経済見通しGlobal Economic Prospects, June 2020」について、6月8日の完全版発行を前に、分析章の抜粋を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)は世界経済、とりわけ新興市場途上国経済(emerging market and developing economies EDMEs)に大きな打撃を与えています。EDMEsは、医療制度が脆弱である一方、世界貿易・観光・海外からの送金に過度に依存しています。今回の危機では、商品輸出に依存する国々が最大の打撃を受けています。その影響は、最悪の医療危機を脱していった後も、残響のように経済に負の効果をもたらしかねません。これら負の効果は、生産性の弱化、投資の落ち込み、ビジネスや学級閉鎖による物的・人的資本の損失、グローバル・サプライ・チェーンの寸断、を波及経路として、パンデミック後も影響を引きずりかねず、完全雇用維持に欠かせない潜在的な経済生産力に影響を及ぼします。既に顕在化していた脆弱性、人口増による配当の減退、構造的な隘路が、パンデミックによる不況のダメージを長期的に増幅しかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E医療危機対応と最小限公的サービス保証のための短期的対策は、ガバナンスやビジネス環境向上を含む長期的成長や教育・公的保険サービスへの投資拡大を促進する政策とともに併用されなければなりません。将来の経済を強靭なものにするためには、ポスト・パンデミック時代に新たな雇用・ビジネス・ガバナンスシステムを創出するためのニーズを反映した政策を通じ、復興期に人的・物理的資本を確保するシステムが必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. 2020. Global Economic Prospects, June 2020. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33748\u0022\u003Ehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33748\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. PRESS RELEASE JUNE 2, 2020 Countries Can Take Steps Now to Rebuild from COVID-19\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/06/02/countries-can-take-steps-now-to-speed-recovery-from-covid-19\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/06/02/countries-can-take-steps-now-to-speed-recovery-from-covid-19\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 2, 2020, the World Bank released the excerpts of the analytical chapters from the “Global Economic Prospects” before the issuance of the full edition on June 8.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19 is having a major blow to the global economy, especially the emerging market and developing economies (EDMEs). Countries that will be particularly hit hardest by the crisis include EDMEs with weak health systems, countries that rely heavily on global trade, tourism and remittances from abroad, and countries that depend on commodity exports.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo strengthen the future economy, it is necessary to secure human and physical capital during the reconstruction period through policies that reflect the needs for creating new employment, business and governance systems in the post-pandemic era.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/33748\u0022\u003EGlobal Economic Prospects, June 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. PRESS RELEASE JUNE 2, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/06/02/countries-can-take-steps-now-to-speed-recovery-from-covid-19\u0022\u003ECountries Can Take Steps Now to Rebuild from COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200604_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/proc/blog/20200605#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-05", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "58. New Coronavirus Pandemic – The Great Reset", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "58. New Coronavirus Pandemic – The Great Reset", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Like the Great Depression of 1929-1939 and the Great Recession of 2008-2010, the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is called the Great Lockdown. Now is the time to think of what history would say about this crisis, either “The Great Reversal” or “The Great Reset”. In a speech at the World Economic Forum, Ms. Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), appealed the need for investments in a greener, smarter, and fairer world in the future.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Like the Great Depression of 1929-1939 and the Great Recession of 2008-2010, the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is called the Great Lockdown. Now is the time to think of what history would say about this crisis, either “The Great Reversal” or “The Great Reset”. In a speech at the World Economic Forum, Ms. Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), appealed the need for investments in a greener, smarter, and fairer world in the future.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ELike the Great Depression of 1929-1939 and the Great Recession of 2008-2010, the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is called the Great Lockdown. Now is the time to think of what history would say about this crisis, either “The Great Reversal” or “The Great Reset”. The Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Ms. Kristalina Georgieva gave a speech at the World Economic Forum, calling for an urgent need\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;investments\u0026nbsp;in a\u0026nbsp;greener, smarter, and fairer\u0026nbsp;world in the\u0026nbsp;future in the so-called “The Great Reset”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWithin this context, the IMF pointed out various opportunities to shape the recovery.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn green growth, governments should introduce public and private investment incentives to support low carbon and climate-resilient growth that could lead to job-rich recovery, such as planting mangroves, land restoration, reforestation or insulating buildings. The current low oil prices can be taken as an advantage to eliminate subsidies and introduce carbon prices as an incentive for future investments.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn smarter growth, the big winner of this crisis is the digital economy. However, the digital divide should not widen any further. Therefore, the IMF together with partners such as the World Bank, should encourage investments to reduce the digital divide.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn fairer growth, there is a need to concentrate on investing in people – expanding education and social programs for the most vulnerable people so that inequality would not deepen as what had happen in prior pandemics.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2020/06/03/sp060320-remarks-to-world-economic-forum-the-great-reset\u0022\u003EThe Great Reset Remarks to World Economic Forum Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director, IMF\u003C/a\u003E June 3, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://templatearchive.com/the-great-reset/\u0022\u003EThe Great Reset\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/now-is-the-time-for-a-great-reset/\u0022\u003ENow is the time for a \u0027great reset\u0027 03 Jun 2020 Klaus Schwab\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ELike the Great Depression of 1929-1939 and the Great Recession of 2008-2010, the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is called the Great Lockdown. Now is the time to think of what history would say about this crisis, either “The Great Reversal” or “The Great Reset”. The Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Ms. Kristalina Georgieva gave a speech at the World Economic Forum, calling for an urgent need\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;investments\u0026nbsp;in a\u0026nbsp;greener, smarter, and fairer\u0026nbsp;world in the\u0026nbsp;future in the so-called “The Great Reset”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWithin this context, the IMF pointed out various opportunities to shape the recovery.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn green growth, governments should introduce public and private investment incentives to support low carbon and climate-resilient growth that could lead to job-rich recovery, such as planting mangroves, land restoration, reforestation or insulating buildings. The current low oil prices can be taken as an advantage to eliminate subsidies and introduce carbon prices as an incentive for future investments.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn smarter growth, the big winner of this crisis is the digital economy. However, the digital divide should not widen any further. Therefore, the IMF together with partners such as the World Bank, should encourage investments to reduce the digital divide.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn fairer growth, there is a need to concentrate on investing in people – expanding education and social programs for the most vulnerable people so that inequality would not deepen as what had happen in prior pandemics.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2020/06/03/sp060320-remarks-to-world-economic-forum-the-great-reset\u0022\u003EThe Great Reset Remarks to World Economic Forum Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director, IMF\u003C/a\u003E June 3, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://templatearchive.com/the-great-reset/\u0022\u003EThe Great Reset\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/now-is-the-time-for-a-great-reset/\u0022\u003ENow is the time for a \u0027great reset\u0027 03 Jun 2020 Klaus Schwab\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200605#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-05", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "58. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック　―　グレート・リセット", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "58. New Coronavirus Pandemic – The Great Reset", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "1929年～の大恐慌はグレート・ディプレッション (Great Depression)、2008年～2010年代の世界金融危機はグレート・リセッション(Great Recession) 、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)に伴う世界経済危機はグレート・ロックダウン(Great Lockdown)と称される中、現在ここからグレート・リバーサル(Great Reversal:大逆行)、或いはよりよい社会に向けたグレート・リセット(Great Reset:仕切り直し)となるか歴史的な分岐点にあるようです。クリスタリナ・ゲオルギエヴァ国際通貨基金(IMF)常務取締役は、グレート・リセットとして歴史に刻まれる上で、持続的で(greener)、スマートで(smart)、公平(fairer)な世界のための投資の必要性を訴えました", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Like the Great Depression of 1929-1939 and the Great Recession of 2008-2010, the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is called the Great Lockdown. Now is the time to think of what history would say about this crisis, either “The Great Reversal” or “The Great Reset”. In a speech at the World Economic Forum, Ms. Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), appealed the need for investments in a greener, smarter, and fairer world in the future.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E1929年～の大恐慌はグレート・ディプレッション (Great Depression)、2008年～2010年代の世界金融危機はグレート・リセッション(Great Recession) 、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)に伴う世界経済危機はグレート・ロックダウン(Great Lockdown)と称される中、現在ここからグレート・リバーサル(Great Reversal:大逆行)、或いはよりよい社会に向けたグレート・リセット(Great Reset:仕切り直し)となるか歴史的な分岐点にあるようです。2020年6月3日、クリスタリナ・ゲオルギエヴァ国際通貨基金(IMF)常務取締役が世界経済フォーラム(World Economic Forum)に向けた声明の要旨を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今は歴史的視点から今回の危機がどう定義されていくかが決まり得る決定的な時期です。歴史家は今回の危機を「 グレート・リバーサル」と名付けるでしょうか。年末までに世界の170か国において昨年に比べ経済縮小と債務・財政赤字・失業の悪化が予測され、さらに格差と貧困が進行する確率も高いことが不安の種です。我々が適切な対応をとらなければ、ですが。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E後日この時期を振り返って「グレート・リセット」であったとするために、我々は何が必要でしょうか。IMFが見るところ、各国は危機を乗り切るために大規模な財政刺激対策を講じ、成長軌道に戻そうとしています。経済成長は、持続的で(greener)、スマートで(smart)、公平(fairer)な世界の構築に貢献すべきです。今すぐ着手すれば不可能ではなく、無駄にする時間はありません。IMFは以下の分野に大きな機会を見出しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまず、持続的な成長(green growth)について。政府は低炭素や気候変動に強靭な成長を支えるための公共投資と民間投資の誘引を導入すべきです。この分野における投資の多くは、マングローブの植林や荒廃地の修復(land restoration)、植林や建物の耐熱化など、雇用創出型の回復を可能にします。現在の低い原油価格を生かし、逆効果な補助金を撤廃し、投資のインセンティブとしての炭素価格を導入すべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第二に、スマートな成長について(smarter growth)。今回の危機の勝者はデジタル経済です。他方でデジタル・デバイドによる情報格差の悪化を許容することはできません。よってIMFは世界銀行等のパートナーとともに、デジタル・デバイドを縮小するための投資を奨励します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E三番目に公平な成長について(fairer growth)。過去にも起こったように、放置すると、パンデミックは格差を拡大します。人々への投資―最も脆弱な人々に対する教育や社会プログラムの拡大――に資源を集中する必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E過去の例を挙げます。第二次大戦の最中、ウィリアム・ヘンリー・ベヴァリッジ*は、1942年の有名な「ベヴァリッジ報告」において、現在イギリスで多くの命を救っている国民保健サービス(National Health Service: NHS)の創設を提案、よりよい戦後社会の構築に貢献しました。IMFも同時代にブレトンウッズ会議にて創設されました。今や、我々の持てる力の全てを結集して、この時期がグレート・リバーサルではなくグレート・リセットとして記憶されるべく、歴史の一ページをめくるべきです。IMFは1兆ドルの金融支援キャパシティと政策へのエンゲージメントで対応します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*Wikipediaより: William Beveridge:イギリスの経済学者、社会政策学者、政治家。1942年に発表された「社会保険と関連サービス」と題された報告書は、第二次世界大戦後のイギリスだけでなく、日本を含む先進諸国の社会保障制度の構築に多大な影響を与えた。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF. The Great Reset Remarks to World Economic Forum Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director, IMF June 3, 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2020/06/03/sp060320-remarks-to-world-economic-forum-the-great-reset\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2020/06/03/sp060320-remarks-to-world-economic-forum-the-great-reset\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. The Great Reset. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/great-reset\u0022\u003Ehttps://templatearchive.com/the-great-reset/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nWorld Economic Forum. Now is the time for a \u0027great reset\u0027 03 Jun 2020 Klaus Schwab. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/now-is-the-time-for-a-great-reset/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/now-is-the-time-for-a-great-reset/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ELike the Great Depression of 1929-1939 and the Great Recession of 2008-2010, the global economic crisis associated with COVID-19 is called the Great Lockdown. Now is the time to think of what history would say about this crisis, either “The Great Reversal” or “The Great Reset”. The Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Ms. Kristalina Georgieva gave a speech at the World Economic Forum, calling for an urgent need\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;investments\u0026nbsp;in a\u0026nbsp;greener, smarter, and fairer\u0026nbsp;world in the\u0026nbsp;future in the so-called “The Great Reset”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWithin this context, the IMF pointed out various opportunities to shape the recovery.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn green growth, governments should introduce public and private investment incentives to support low carbon and climate-resilient growth that could lead to job-rich recovery, such as planting mangroves, land restoration, reforestation or insulating buildings. The current low oil prices can be taken as an advantage to eliminate subsidies and introduce carbon prices as an incentive for future investments.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn smarter growth, the big winner of this crisis is the digital economy. However, the digital divide should not widen any further. Therefore, the IMF together with partners such as the World Bank, should encourage investments to reduce the digital divide.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn fairer growth, there is a need to concentrate on investing in people – expanding education and social programs for the most vulnerable people so that inequality would not deepen as what had happen in prior pandemics.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2020/06/03/sp060320-remarks-to-world-economic-forum-the-great-reset\u0022\u003EThe Great Reset Remarks to World Economic Forum Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director, IMF\u003C/a\u003E June 3, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://templatearchive.com/the-great-reset/\u0022\u003EThe Great Reset\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/now-is-the-time-for-a-great-reset/\u0022\u003ENow is the time for a \u0027great reset\u0027 03 Jun 2020 Klaus Schwab\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200605_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200707#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "59. Record CO2 levels and temperatures in May 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "59. Record CO2 levels and temperatures in May 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has announced, based on the report from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), that May 2020 was the warmest on record, 0.63°C above the May average temperature from 1981-2010. The average temperature in May was also 0.7°C above the average for the last 12 months, breaking the record for the warmest 12 months. Furthermore, the highest monthly CO2 concentration measured at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii was also recorded in May 2020.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has announced, based on the report from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), that May 2020 was the warmest on record, 0.63°C above the May average temperature from 1981-2010. The average temperature in May was also 0.7°C above the average for the last 12 months, breaking the record for the warmest 12 months. Furthermore, the highest monthly CO2 concentration measured at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii was also recorded in May 2020.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO)\u0026nbsp;has released a report\u0026nbsp;from the\u0026nbsp;Copernicus Climate Change Service\u0026nbsp;(C3S) indicating that\u0026nbsp;May 2020 was the warmest on record, 0.63°C above the May average temperature\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;1981-2010, and\u0026nbsp;0.7°C above the average for the last 12 months, breaking the record for the warmest 12 months.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate Change Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://climate.copernicus.eu/surface-air-temperature-may-2020\u0022\u003ESurface air temperature for May 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Metrological Organization.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/record-co2-levels-and-temperatures-highlight-need-action-world-environment-day\u0022\u003ERecord CO2 levels and temperatures highlight need for action on World Environment Day\u003C/a\u003E. June 5, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/06/1065732\u0022\u003EMay confirmed as warmest on record, CO2 levels hit new high despite COVID economic slowdown\u003C/a\u003E 5 June 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO)\u0026nbsp;has released a report\u0026nbsp;from the\u0026nbsp;Copernicus Climate Change Service\u0026nbsp;(C3S) indicating that\u0026nbsp;May 2020 was the warmest on record, 0.63°C above the May average temperature\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;1981-2010, and\u0026nbsp;0.7°C above the average for the last 12 months, breaking the record for the warmest 12 months.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate Change Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://climate.copernicus.eu/surface-air-temperature-may-2020\u0022\u003ESurface air temperature for May 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Metrological Organization.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/record-co2-levels-and-temperatures-highlight-need-action-world-environment-day\u0022\u003ERecord CO2 levels and temperatures highlight need for action on World Environment Day\u003C/a\u003E. June 5, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/06/1065732\u0022\u003EMay confirmed as warmest on record, CO2 levels hit new high despite COVID economic slowdown\u003C/a\u003E 5 June 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200608#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "59. 2020年5月の気温・二酸化炭素濃度　―　世界レベルで過去最高値を記録", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "59. Record CO2 levels and temperatures in May 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界気象機関(WMO)は、2020年5月は記録上最も暖かく、1981－2010年の間の5月平均気温に比べて0.63℃高かったとするコペルニクス気候変動サービスの報告を発表しました。直近の12か月間も平均より0.7℃高く、過去最も暖かかった12か月間記録を更新しました。また、ハワイのマウナロア観測所で計測される二酸化炭素濃度は、2020年5月、月別の最高計測値を記録しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has announced, based on the report from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), that May 2020 was the warmest on record, 0.63°C above the May average temperature from 1981-2010. The average temperature in May was also 0.7°C above the average for the last 12 months, breaking the record for the warmest 12 months. Furthermore, the highest monthly CO2 concentration measured at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii was also recorded in May 2020.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界気象機関(WMO)は、2020年5月は記録上最も暖かく、1981－2010年の間の5月平均気温に比べて0.63℃高かったとするコペルニクス気候変動サービス(Copernicus Climate Change Service C3S)の報告を発表しました。直近の12か月間も平均より0.7℃高く、過去最も暖かかった12か月間記録を更新しました。このデータは、衛星・船舶・飛行機・世界中の気象基地からの数十億以上の計測値に基づきコンピューターで解析された結果です。コペルニクス・データは、アメリカ海洋大気庁(NOAA)、NASAやイギリス気象庁、日本気象庁のデータと合わせ、WMOの分析に使われています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E平均以上の気温を記録した計測地の多くは、平均値より10℃以上高い気温を記録したシベリア周辺でした。そのほか、アラスカ西部、チリとアルゼンチン国境沿いのアンデス地域、南極大陸西部と東部、北米大陸西部、南米の極北・極南、アフリカ西部・中部・南西部、東南アジア、といった地域で平均より高い気温を記録しました。平均よりも低い気温を記録した地域は、カナダ中部・東部、アメリカ東部、ブラジル南部、南アジアの一部、オーストラリア、でした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eハワイのマウナロア観測所で計測される二酸化炭素濃度は、2020年5月、月別の最高計測値を記録しました(417.1 parts per million)。ただし二酸化炭素濃度は季節的・地域的変動に左右されるため、年間世界平均値はマウナロアの月別計測値ほど高くない可能性はあります。地球科学研究者のRalph Keeling氏は次のように述べています。「人々は、コロナウイルス危機への対応が二酸化炭素水準に余り影響を及ぼしていないことに驚くかもしれない。二酸化炭素の蓄積は埋め立て地のゴミのようなもので、排出し続ける限り累積し続ける。コロナ危機は排出速度を遅らせてはいるが、マウナロアで感知されるほどには至っていない。より重要なのは、今後この状況から脱していく際の（排出）軌道に依存するだろう。」\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate Change Service. Surface air temperature for May 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://climate.copernicus.eu/surface-air-temperature-may-2020\u0022\u003Ehttps://climate.copernicus.eu/surface-air-temperature-may-2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Metrological Organization.\u0026nbsp; Record CO2 levels and temperatures highlight need for action on World Environment Day. June 5, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/record-co2-levels-and-temperatures-highlight-need-action-world-environment-day\u0022\u003Ehttps://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/record-co2-levels-and-temperatures-highlight-need-action-world-environment-day\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN. May confirmed as warmest on record, CO2 levels hit new high despite COVID economic slowdown 5 June 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/06/1065732?utm_source=UN+News+-+Newsletter\u0026amp;utm_campaign=ceb736e409-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_06_05_04_35\u0026amp;utm_medium=email\u0026amp;utm_term=0_fdbf1af606-ceb736e409-107327774\u0022\u003Ehttps://news.un.org/en/story/2020/06/1065732?utm_source=UN+News+-+Newsletter\u0026amp;utm_campaign=ceb736e409-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_06_05_04_35\u0026amp;utm_medium=email\u0026amp;utm_term=0_fdbf1af606-ceb736e409-107327774\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Meteorological Organization (WMO)\u0026nbsp;has released a report\u0026nbsp;from the\u0026nbsp;Copernicus Climate Change Service\u0026nbsp;(C3S) indicating that\u0026nbsp;May 2020 was the warmest on record, 0.63°C above the May average temperature\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;1981-2010, and\u0026nbsp;0.7°C above the average for the last 12 months, breaking the record for the warmest 12 months.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClimate Change Service. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://climate.copernicus.eu/surface-air-temperature-may-2020\u0022\u003ESurface air temperature for May 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Metrological Organization.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/record-co2-levels-and-temperatures-highlight-need-action-world-environment-day\u0022\u003ERecord CO2 levels and temperatures highlight need for action on World Environment Day\u003C/a\u003E. June 5, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/06/1065732\u0022\u003EMay confirmed as warmest on record, CO2 levels hit new high despite COVID economic slowdown\u003C/a\u003E 5 June 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200608_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_16#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "60. Perspectives on Transboundary Water Stress Under Climate Change Conditions", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "60. Perspectives on Transboundary Water Stress Under Climate Change Conditions", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "A research article published in the scientific journal Earth’s Future in May 2020 warned that many transboundary river basins would face increased water stress in the near future. According to a scenario analysis by the authors (Munia et al.), water stress will worsen in already stressed areas for most transboundary river basins, and management of local demand will be an important strategy as a countermeasure. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A research article published in the scientific journal Earth’s Future in May 2020 warned that many transboundary river basins would face increased water stress in the near future. According to a scenario analysis by the authors (Munia et al.), water stress will worsen in already stressed areas for most transboundary river basins, and management of local demand will be an important strategy as a countermeasure. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA\u0026nbsp;research article\u0026nbsp;published in\u0026nbsp;the scientific journal\u0026nbsp;Earth’s Future\u0026nbsp;in May 2020 warned that many\u0026nbsp;transboundary\u0026nbsp;river basins would face\u0026nbsp;increased\u0026nbsp;water stress in the near future. According to a scenario analysis by the authors (Munia et al.), water\u0026nbsp;stress\u0026nbsp;will worsen in already stressed areas\u0026nbsp;for most transboundary\u0026nbsp;river basins, and management\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;local demand will be an important strategy as a countermeasure. If global warming and population increase proceed rapidly, the number of people who will be exposed to water\u0026nbsp;stresswill increase by 3.8 billion by the middle of this century compared to 2010, especially in the Middle East, North Africa and\u0026nbsp;south\u0026nbsp;and central Asia.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMunia HA. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001321\u0022\u003EFuture transboundary water stress and its drivers under climate change: a global study\u003C/a\u003E First published:25 May 2020. Earth’s Future.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECarbon Brief. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.carbonbrief.org/world-population-facing-water-stress-could-double-by-2050-as-climate-warms\u0022\u003EWorld population facing water stress could ‘double’ by 2050 as climate warms\u003C/a\u003E Daisy Dunne. 02.06.2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContrinutor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA\u0026nbsp;research article\u0026nbsp;published in\u0026nbsp;the scientific journal\u0026nbsp;Earth’s Future\u0026nbsp;in May 2020 warned that many\u0026nbsp;transboundary\u0026nbsp;river basins would face\u0026nbsp;increased\u0026nbsp;water stress in the near future. According to a scenario analysis by the authors (Munia et al.), water\u0026nbsp;stress\u0026nbsp;will worsen in already stressed areas\u0026nbsp;for most transboundary\u0026nbsp;river basins, and management\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;local demand will be an important strategy as a countermeasure. If global warming and population increase proceed rapidly, the number of people who will be exposed to water\u0026nbsp;stresswill increase by 3.8 billion by the middle of this century compared to 2010, especially in the Middle East, North Africa and\u0026nbsp;south\u0026nbsp;and central Asia.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMunia HA. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001321\u0022\u003EFuture transboundary water stress and its drivers under climate change: a global study\u003C/a\u003E First published:25 May 2020. Earth’s Future.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECarbon Brief. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.carbonbrief.org/world-population-facing-water-stress-could-double-by-2050-as-climate-warms\u0022\u003EWorld population facing water stress could ‘double’ by 2050 as climate warms\u003C/a\u003E Daisy Dunne. 02.06.2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContrinutor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200609#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "60. 気候変動状況下における国際河川流域の水資源不足と誘発要因の展望", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "60. Perspectives on Transboundary Water Stress Under Climate Change Conditions", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年5月にFuture Earth誌で公表された論文は、多くの国際河川流域が近い将来水資源の不足(stress)に直面すると警鐘を鳴らしました。著者ら(Munia et al.)のシナリオ分析によると、国際河川流域の中でも既にストレスにさらされている地域で水資源不足が悪化すること、対策としてローカルな需要の管理が重要な戦略となること、温暖化と人口増加が急速に進行すれば2010年比で今世紀半ばまでに水不足にさらされる人々が3.8憶人追加的に増えること、とりわけ既に水資源不足に悩まされる中東、北アフリカ、南・中央アジアが影響を受けること、を推定しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A research article published in the scientific journal Earth’s Future in May 2020 warned that many transboundary river basins would face increased water stress in the near future. According to a scenario analysis by the authors (Munia et al.), water stress will worsen in already stressed areas for most transboundary river basins, and management of local demand will be an important strategy as a countermeasure. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月にFuture Earth誌で公表された論文 (Munia et al.) 「気候変動状況下における国際河川流域の水資源不足と誘発要因の展望　Future transboundary water stress and its drivers under climate change」は、多くの国際河川流域が近い将来水資源の不足(stress)に直面すると警鐘を鳴らしました。にもかかわらず、自然要因による周辺での流出・流域上流からの流入や、周辺・上流での水消費の変化など、水資源に影響を与える要因についての情報は世界的にほとんどありません。著者らは複数の世界水文学モデルと世界気候モデルに最新の温室効果ガス濃度・社会経済シナリオを組み合わせ、過去そして将来の国際河川において水資源に影響を与える要因とインパクトを分析しました。分析結果の要点を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E全シナリオにおいて、国際河川流域の中でも既にストレスにさらされている地域で水資源不足が悪化することが予測される。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E水資源ストレスの変化は、ローカルな水消費の影響に大きく決定され、将来のストレス緩和の上で、ローカルな需要の管理が重要な戦略となる。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E自然流出の減少、あるいは上流における水消費の増加は、下流における水の利用可能性の変化に影響を与える支配的要因である。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E温暖化を産業化前水準の2℃以内に抑える努力なしに人口増加が進行すれば、2050年までに水資源不足に直面する人々は倍増するであろう。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eこのことは、2010年と比べ、今世紀半ばまでに水不足にさらされる人々が3.8憶人追加的に増えることを意味する。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eパリ協定に沿って温暖化を2℃以下に抑え、人口増加も低く抑えられたとしても、水資源不足に直面する人々の数は、2010年に比べ2050年までに50％増加しうる。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E既に水資源不足による課題を抱えている地域、とりわけ中東、北アフリカ、南・中央アジアにおいて、水資源不足に直面する人々がさらに増加すると予測される。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMunia HA. Et al. Future transboundary water stress and its drivers under climate change: a global study First published:25 May 2020. Earth’s Future. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001321\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001321\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECarbon Brief. World population facing water stress could ‘double’ by 2050 as climate warms Daisy Dunne. 02.06.2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.carbonbrief.org/world-population-facing-water-stress-could-double-by-2050-as-climate-warms\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.carbonbrief.org/world-population-facing-water-stress-could-double-by-2050-as-climate-warms\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA\u0026nbsp;research article\u0026nbsp;published in\u0026nbsp;the scientific journal\u0026nbsp;Earth’s Future\u0026nbsp;in May 2020 warned that many\u0026nbsp;transboundary\u0026nbsp;river basins would face\u0026nbsp;increased\u0026nbsp;water stress in the near future. According to a scenario analysis by the authors (Munia et al.), water\u0026nbsp;stress\u0026nbsp;will worsen in already stressed areas\u0026nbsp;for most transboundary\u0026nbsp;river basins, and management\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;local demand will be an important strategy as a countermeasure. If global warming and population increase proceed rapidly, the number of people who will be exposed to water\u0026nbsp;stresswill increase by 3.8 billion by the middle of this century compared to 2010, especially in the Middle East, North Africa and\u0026nbsp;south\u0026nbsp;and central Asia.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMunia HA. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001321\u0022\u003EFuture transboundary water stress and its drivers under climate change: a global study\u003C/a\u003E First published:25 May 2020. Earth’s Future.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECarbon Brief. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://www.carbonbrief.org/world-population-facing-water-stress-could-double-by-2050-as-climate-warms\u0022\u003EWorld population facing water stress could ‘double’ by 2050 as climate warms\u003C/a\u003E Daisy Dunne. 02.06.2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContrinutor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200609_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_15#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "61. 2020 World Environment Day Biodiversity", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "61. 2020 World Environment Day Biodiversity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The theme for World Environment Day 2020 is biodiversity. The United Nations website provides an overview on biodiversity as the basis for all life on land and underwater, and how changes and partial defects in biodiversity have a negative impact on the entire system. It is mentioned that it would take 1.6 Earths to meet the demands that human made on nature each year. As long as this trend continues, it could lead to the collapse of human society, including the collapse of the food and health system.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The theme for World Environment Day 2020 is biodiversity. The United Nations website provides an overview on biodiversity as the basis for all life on land and underwater, and how changes and partial defects in biodiversity have a negative impact on the entire system. It is mentioned that it would take 1.6 Earths to meet the demands that human made on nature each year. As long as this trend continues, it could lead to the collapse of human society, including the collapse of the food and health system.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations has designated\u0026nbsp;June 5\u0026nbsp;every to celebrate\u0026nbsp;\u0022World Environment Day\u0022 with the aim of raising\u0026nbsp;awareness and\u0026nbsp;conducting educational activities in environmental conservation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe theme of this year\u0027s World Environment Day is biodiversity\u0026nbsp;to highlight the\u0026nbsp;the interdependence of humans\u0026nbsp;and biodiversity\u0026nbsp;as shown by recent events\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;wildfires in Brazil, America and Australia, the locust plague\u0026nbsp;in East Africa, and the current global\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs introduced in the UN website, biodiversity provides the foundation for all life on land and underwater. Changes in biodiversity and partial deficiencies have a negative impact on the entire system. Deforestation, wildlife habitat erosion, agricultural expansion and accelerating climate change are pushing nature to the limit.\u0026nbsp;Each year,\u0026nbsp;it would take\u0026nbsp;1.6\u0026nbsp;Earths to meet the\u0026nbsp;demands that\u0026nbsp;human\u0026nbsp;made on\u0026nbsp;nature.\u0026nbsp;As long as this trend continues, it could lead to the collapse of human society, including the collapse of the food and health system.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;emergence\u0026nbsp;of COVID-19 has revealed that the destruction of biodiversity results in the disruption of the systems that support human life. Today, the coronavirus is believed to cause\u0026nbsp;about one\u0026nbsp;billion\u0026nbsp;cases of illness\u0026nbsp;and millions of deaths worldwide, and\u0026nbsp;that 75% of newly emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic diseases.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. World Environment Day June 5 2020. Time for nature \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/en/observances/environment-day\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/en/observances/environment-day\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations has designated\u0026nbsp;June 5\u0026nbsp;every to celebrate\u0026nbsp;\u0022World Environment Day\u0022 with the aim of raising\u0026nbsp;awareness and\u0026nbsp;conducting educational activities in environmental conservation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe theme of this year\u0027s World Environment Day is biodiversity\u0026nbsp;to highlight the\u0026nbsp;the interdependence of humans\u0026nbsp;and biodiversity\u0026nbsp;as shown by recent events\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;wildfires in Brazil, America and Australia, the locust plague\u0026nbsp;in East Africa, and the current global\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs introduced in the UN website, biodiversity provides the foundation for all life on land and underwater. Changes in biodiversity and partial deficiencies have a negative impact on the entire system. Deforestation, wildlife habitat erosion, agricultural expansion and accelerating climate change are pushing nature to the limit.\u0026nbsp;Each year,\u0026nbsp;it would take\u0026nbsp;1.6\u0026nbsp;Earths to meet the\u0026nbsp;demands that\u0026nbsp;human\u0026nbsp;made on\u0026nbsp;nature.\u0026nbsp;As long as this trend continues, it could lead to the collapse of human society, including the collapse of the food and health system.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;emergence\u0026nbsp;of COVID-19 has revealed that the destruction of biodiversity results in the disruption of the systems that support human life. Today, the coronavirus is believed to cause\u0026nbsp;about one\u0026nbsp;billion\u0026nbsp;cases of illness\u0026nbsp;and millions of deaths worldwide, and\u0026nbsp;that 75% of newly emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic diseases.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. World Environment Day June 5 2020. Time for nature \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/en/observances/environment-day\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/en/observances/environment-day\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200610#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "61. 2020年 世界環境デー 生物多様性", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "61. 2020 World Environment Day Biodiversity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年の世界環境デーのテーマは生物多様性です。生物多様性は陸上・水中の全ての生命を支える基盤を提供し、その変化や部分的欠損はシステム全体に負の影響をもたらします。毎年、人間による自然の恩恵への需要を満たすには、地球1. 6個分が必要とされます。この傾向が続く限り、食料・保健システム崩壊をはじめとした人間社会の破綻をもたらしかねません。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The theme for World Environment Day 2020 is biodiversity. The United Nations website provides an overview on biodiversity as the basis for all life on land and underwater, and how changes and partial defects in biodiversity have a negative impact on the entire system. It is mentioned that it would take 1.6 Earths to meet the demands that human made on nature each year. As long as this trend continues, it could lead to the collapse of human society, including the collapse of the food and health system.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E6月5日は、環境保全に対する関心を高め啓発活動を行うことを目的に、国連により「世界環境デー」と制定されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E食料、空気、水、そして我々が地球に住むことを可能にする快適な気候は、全て自然の産物です。例えば、海洋植物は大気中酸素の5割以上を生産し、成熟した木は二酸化炭素を吸収して酸素に変換することで空気を浄化します。これら便益にもかかわらず、我々は自然に十分敬意を払っていません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今年の世界環境デーのテーマは生物多様性です。ブラジル・アメリカ・オーストラリアの山火事、東アフリカのバッタ被害、そして現在の世界的な感染症パンデミックをはじめとする一連の事象は、人間と生物多様性の相互依存関係を示しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E生物多様性は陸上・水中の全ての生命を支える基盤を提供しています。生物多様性の変化や部分的欠損は、システム全体に負の影響をもたらします。森林破壊、野生動物生息地の侵食、農業拡張、気候変動の加速は、自然を限界まで追いつめています。毎年、人間による自然の恩恵への需要を満たすには、地球1.6個分が必要とされます。この傾向が続く限り、食料・保健システム崩壊をはじめとした人間社会の破綻をもたらしかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E実際にCOVID-19の発現は、生物多様性の破壊が人類の生活を支えるシステムの崩壊をもたらすことを明らかにしました。今日、コロナウイルスによって世界的に10億人の感染者と数百万人の死者が生じかねないとされています。新たに発現する感染症の75％が人獣共通感染症であるということは、自然からの警告であると言えます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. World Environment Day June 5 2020. Time for nature \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/en/observances/environment-day\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/en/observances/environment-day\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations has designated\u0026nbsp;June 5\u0026nbsp;every to celebrate\u0026nbsp;\u0022World Environment Day\u0022 with the aim of raising\u0026nbsp;awareness and\u0026nbsp;conducting educational activities in environmental conservation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe theme of this year\u0027s World Environment Day is biodiversity\u0026nbsp;to highlight the\u0026nbsp;the interdependence of humans\u0026nbsp;and biodiversity\u0026nbsp;as shown by recent events\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;wildfires in Brazil, America and Australia, the locust plague\u0026nbsp;in East Africa, and the current global\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs introduced in the UN website, biodiversity provides the foundation for all life on land and underwater. Changes in biodiversity and partial deficiencies have a negative impact on the entire system. Deforestation, wildlife habitat erosion, agricultural expansion and accelerating climate change are pushing nature to the limit.\u0026nbsp;Each year,\u0026nbsp;it would take\u0026nbsp;1.6\u0026nbsp;Earths to meet the\u0026nbsp;demands that\u0026nbsp;human\u0026nbsp;made on\u0026nbsp;nature.\u0026nbsp;As long as this trend continues, it could lead to the collapse of human society, including the collapse of the food and health system.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;emergence\u0026nbsp;of COVID-19 has revealed that the destruction of biodiversity results in the disruption of the systems that support human life. Today, the coronavirus is believed to cause\u0026nbsp;about one\u0026nbsp;billion\u0026nbsp;cases of illness\u0026nbsp;and millions of deaths worldwide, and\u0026nbsp;that 75% of newly emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic diseases.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. World Environment Day June 5 2020. Time for nature \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/en/observances/environment-day\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/en/observances/environment-day\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200610_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_14#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-11", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "62. FAO: The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "62. FAO: The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On June 8, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization published the 2020 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA). The \u0022Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries\u0022 was adopted in 1995, and the importance of responsible and effective use of fisheries and aquaculture resources as well as the need to implement operational policies based on science are now widely recognized and prioritized. Global fisheries production reached 179 million tons in 2018 with sale value estimated at US$ 401 billion, of which 82 million tons and US$ 250 billion were from aquaculture.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 8, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization published the 2020 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA). The \u0022Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries\u0022 was adopted in 1995, and the importance of responsible and effective use of fisheries and aquaculture resources as well as the need to implement operational policies based on science are now widely recognized and prioritized. Global fisheries production reached 179 million tons in 2018 with sale value estimated at US$ 401 billion, of which 82 million tons and US$ 250 billion were from aquaculture.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 8, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization published the 2020\u0026nbsp;edition of\u0026nbsp;The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA).\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;\u0022Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries\u0022\u0026nbsp;was adopted\u0026nbsp;in 1995, and\u0026nbsp;the importance of responsible and effective use of fisheries and aquaculture resources\u0026nbsp;as well as the\u0026nbsp;need to implement operational policies based on science\u0026nbsp;are nowwidely\u0026nbsp;recognized and prioritized. Global fisheries production reached 179 million tons\u0026nbsp;in 2018 with\u0026nbsp;sale value estimated at\u0026nbsp;US$\u0026nbsp;401billion, of which 82 million tons\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;US$\u0026nbsp;250 billion were\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;aquaculture. The SOFIA Interactive Story is available \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture/en/\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\u0022margin: 0mm 0mm 8pt;\u0022\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cfont color=\u0022#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cfont face=\u0022Calibri\u0022\u003E\u003Cfont size=\u00223\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 8, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization published the 2020\u0026nbsp;edition of\u0026nbsp;The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA).\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;\u0022Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries\u0022\u0026nbsp;was adopted\u0026nbsp;in 1995, and\u0026nbsp;the importance of responsible and effective use of fisheries and aquaculture resources\u0026nbsp;as well as the\u0026nbsp;need to implement operational policies based on science\u0026nbsp;are nowwidely\u0026nbsp;recognized and prioritized. Global fisheries production reached 179 million tons\u0026nbsp;in 2018 with\u0026nbsp;sale value estimated at\u0026nbsp;US$\u0026nbsp;401billion, of which 82 million tons\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;US$\u0026nbsp;250 billion were\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;aquaculture. The SOFIA Interactive Story is available \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture/en/\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\u0022margin: 0mm 0mm 8pt;\u0022\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cfont color=\u0022#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cfont face=\u0022Calibri\u0022\u003E\u003Cfont size=\u00223\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200611#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-11", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "62. 食糧農業機関(FAO) 2020年 世界漁業・養殖業白書", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "62. FAO: The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連食糧農業機関は、2020年 世界漁業・養殖業白書 (The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture: SOFIA) を公表しました。1995年「責任ある漁業のための行動規範」採択から25年が経ち、漁業・養殖資源の責任ある有効利用の重要性が広く理解され、科学に基づく運営政策実施の必要性が認識されるようになっています。世界の漁業生産は2018年に1.79億トン、売上高4010憶ドル相当に達し、うち8200万トン、2500憶ドル相当が養殖であると推計されました。人間消費用は1.56億トン、年間一人当たり消費量は20.5kg相当となります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 8, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization published the 2020 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA). The \u0022Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries\u0022 was adopted in 1995, and the importance of responsible and effective use of fisheries and aquaculture resources as well as the need to implement operational policies based on science are now widely recognized and prioritized. Global fisheries production reached 179 million tons in 2018 with sale value estimated at US$ 401 billion, of which 82 million tons and US$ 250 billion were from aquaculture.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年６月８日、国連食糧農業機関は、2020年 世界漁業・養殖業白書 (The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture: SOFIA) を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E過去50年間の科学の発展により水界生態系の機能についての理解が深まり、持続的な管理の必要性についての認識が高まっています。とりわけ、1995年「責任ある漁業のための行動規範 (Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries)」（以下「行動規範」）採択から25年が経ち、漁業・養殖資源の責任ある有効利用の重要性が広く理解されるようになりました。行動規範を受け、世界・地域・国レベルで責任ある管理を支援する政策やプログラムが立ち上がり、2015年には持続可能な開発目標(SDG) 14「海の豊かさを守ろう」ほか、関連SDGsの採択に繋がりました。予測可能で透明性ある国際漁業利用と貿易体制の必要性と合わせ、持続可能な漁業・養殖業の最低限の実質的規範として、科学に基づく運営政策実施の必要性が受け入れられるようになっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書は、エビデンスに基づく施策を支援するために、漁業・養殖セクターに関する最新統計を提供し、現状かつ新規の課題や持続的漁業・養殖を達成するための国際協力推進アプローチの分析を試みています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の漁業生産は2018年に1.79億トン、売上高4010憶ドル相当に達したと推計されています。うち8200万トン、2500憶ドル相当が養殖によるものです。全体のうち、1.56億トンが人間による消費用であり、一人当たり年間供給量で換算すると20. 5kg相当となります。残り2200万トンは非食用で、主にフィッシュミール（魚粉）と魚油生産に使われます。養殖は総生産の46％、人々による消費用の52％を占めます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E中国は最大の生産国であり、2018年に世界生産量の35％を占めました。中国を除くと、2018年の地域毎の生産シェアは、アジア（34％）、アメリカ大陸（14％）、欧州（10％）、アフリカ（7％）、オセアニア（1％）でした。総生産量は欧州と米州を除き増加傾向にあり、とりわけ過去20年間にアフリカとアジアにおいて倍増しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. Sustainability in action. Rome.　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9229en\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.4060/ca9229en\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020\u0026nbsp; Interactive Story.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\u0022margin: 0mm 0mm 8pt;\u0022\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cfont color=\u0022#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cfont face=\u0022Calibri\u0022\u003E\u003Cfont size=\u00223\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 8, 2020, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization published the 2020\u0026nbsp;edition of\u0026nbsp;The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA).\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;\u0022Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries\u0022\u0026nbsp;was adopted\u0026nbsp;in 1995, and\u0026nbsp;the importance of responsible and effective use of fisheries and aquaculture resources\u0026nbsp;as well as the\u0026nbsp;need to implement operational policies based on science\u0026nbsp;are nowwidely\u0026nbsp;recognized and prioritized. Global fisheries production reached 179 million tons\u0026nbsp;in 2018 with\u0026nbsp;sale value estimated at\u0026nbsp;US$\u0026nbsp;401billion, of which 82 million tons\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;US$\u0026nbsp;250 billion were\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;aquaculture. The SOFIA Interactive Story is available \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture/en/\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp style=\u0022margin: 0mm 0mm 8pt;\u0022\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cfont color=\u0022#000000\u0022\u003E\u003Cfont face=\u0022Calibri\u0022\u003E\u003Cfont size=\u00223\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/font\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200611_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_13#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "63. The Impact of COVID-19 on Global Poverty", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "63. The Impact of COVID-19 on Global Poverty", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On June 8, 2020, the World Bank released the latest estimate of the world poverty rate, which incorporates the effects of COVID-19. As a result of examining the impact of a pandemic on the level of global poverty based on the growth forecast model of the June 2020 global economic outlook, it is predicted that COVID-19 will push of 71 to 100 million people into extreme poverty. The outlook for 2020 indicated that Sub-Saharan Africa would be hit hardest. The new forecast is particularly pessimistic for India, where the poverty is expected to grow in South Asia.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 8, 2020, the World Bank released the latest estimate of the world poverty rate, which incorporates the effects of COVID-19. As a result of examining the impact of a pandemic on the level of global poverty based on the growth forecast model of the June 2020 global economic outlook, it is predicted that COVID-19 will push of 71 to 100 million people into extreme poverty. The outlook for 2020 indicated that Sub-Saharan Africa would be hit hardest. The new forecast is particularly pessimistic for India, where the poverty is expected to grow in South Asia.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 8, 2020, the World Bank released the latest estimate of the world poverty rate, which incorporates the effects of COVID-19. As a result of examining the impact of a pandemic on the level of global poverty based on the growth forecast model of the June 2020 global economic outlook, it is predicted that COVID-19 will\u0026nbsp;push\u0026nbsp;of 71 to 100 million people\u0026nbsp;into extreme poverty.\u0026nbsp;The outlook for 2020\u0026nbsp;indicated\u0026nbsp;that Sub-Saharan Africa would be hit hardest. The\u0026nbsp;new forecast\u0026nbsp;is particularly pessimistic\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;India, where the poverty is expected to grow in South Asia. The article published on the World Bank Data Blog is available \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003EUpdated estimates of the impact of COVID-19 on global poverty\u003C/a\u003E. Mahler et al. June 8, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003Ehttps://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 57. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200604\u0022\u003EWorld Bank ― The Global Economic Prospects, June 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 8, 2020, the World Bank released the latest estimate of the world poverty rate, which incorporates the effects of COVID-19. As a result of examining the impact of a pandemic on the level of global poverty based on the growth forecast model of the June 2020 global economic outlook, it is predicted that COVID-19 will\u0026nbsp;push\u0026nbsp;of 71 to 100 million people\u0026nbsp;into extreme poverty.\u0026nbsp;The outlook for 2020\u0026nbsp;indicated\u0026nbsp;that Sub-Saharan Africa would be hit hardest. The\u0026nbsp;new forecast\u0026nbsp;is particularly pessimistic\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;India, where the poverty is expected to grow in South Asia. The article published on the World Bank Data Blog is available \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003EUpdated estimates of the impact of COVID-19 on global poverty\u003C/a\u003E. Mahler et al. June 8, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003Ehttps://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 57. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200604\u0022\u003EWorld Bank ― The Global Economic Prospects, June 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200612#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "63. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック　―　COVID-19による貧困への影響　最新推計", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "63. The Impact of COVID-19 on Global Poverty", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月8日、世界銀行は、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による影響を織り込んだ世界貧困率の最新推計値を発表しました。2020年6月世界経済見通しの成長予測モデルに基づき、パンデミックの世界貧困水準へのインパクトについて検討した結果、COVID-19により、7100万人～1億人が絶対的貧困に陥ると予想されています。2020年４月の見通しではサブサハラ・アフリカが最大の打撃を受けるとされていました。今回の予測はとりわけインドについて悲観的であり、南アジアで貧困層の拡大が予測されています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 8, 2020, the World Bank released the latest estimate of the world poverty rate, which incorporates the effects of COVID-19. As a result of examining the impact of a pandemic on the level of global poverty based on the growth forecast model of the June 2020 global economic outlook, it is predicted that COVID-19 will push of 71 to 100 million people into extreme poverty. The outlook for 2020 indicated that Sub-Saharan Africa would be hit hardest. The new forecast is particularly pessimistic for India, where the poverty is expected to grow in South Asia.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月8日、世界銀行は、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による影響を織り込んだ世界貧困率の最新推計値を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界銀行は4月時点において、COVID-19が4000万～6000万人を絶対的貧困に陥れると推計していました。それ以来、パンデミックの震源地はヨーロッパと北米から発展途上国に移行しており、低・中低所得国において死亡率上昇、経済封鎖の長期化とともに、パンデミックの経済コストは上昇しています。この結果を受け、世界的貧困レベルへのウイルス影響の推計も調整する必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月世界経済見通し(Pick Up 57)の成長予測モデルに基づき、パンデミックの世界貧困水準へのインパクトを、ベースラインと悪化シナリオの2つについて検討しました。ベースラインでは、アウトブレークの収束により、今年末には経済活動の回復を想定します。一方、悪化シナリオの場合には予想以上にアウトブレークが長引き、経済封鎖がしばらく継続あるいは再発動されることを想定しています。悪化シナリオが実現してしまう場合、脆弱な企業は市場から撤退し、脆弱な世帯は消費を減らし、低所得・中低所得国の中には金融危機が悪化する国も出てくるでしょう。ベースライン・シナリオでは2020年の世界経済成長が5％縮小すると予測されるのに対し、悪化シナリオでは8％縮小が予測されています。ベースライン・シナリオでは、COVID-19により、7100万人が一日当たり1.9ドルの絶対的貧困に陥るとされ、悪化シナリオではその数は1億人に及ぶと予想されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E以前の見通しでは、サブサハラ・アフリカが最大の打撃を受けるとされていました。今回の予測は、とりわけインドについて悲観的です。サブサハラ・アフリカの状況は前回の予測とほぼ変わりませんが、南アジアはCOVID-19 による貧困層の拡大が予測されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E注意すべきは、インドの貧困に関する最新の推計が2011－12年時点のものであり、今日の貧困率、かつパンデミック開始前の貧困率について正確な情報がないことです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E前回と同様に、今回の見直しにおいても、貧困予測は多くの不確実性を伴います。成長率の変化、格差、経済成長の貧困削減への役割など、さらなる分析が必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. Updated estimates of the impact of COVID-19 on global poverty. Mahler et al. June 8, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003Ehttps://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 57. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 世界銀行2020年6月　世界経済見通し\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200604\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200604\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 8, 2020, the World Bank released the latest estimate of the world poverty rate, which incorporates the effects of COVID-19. As a result of examining the impact of a pandemic on the level of global poverty based on the growth forecast model of the June 2020 global economic outlook, it is predicted that COVID-19 will\u0026nbsp;push\u0026nbsp;of 71 to 100 million people\u0026nbsp;into extreme poverty.\u0026nbsp;The outlook for 2020\u0026nbsp;indicated\u0026nbsp;that Sub-Saharan Africa would be hit hardest. The\u0026nbsp;new forecast\u0026nbsp;is particularly pessimistic\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;India, where the poverty is expected to grow in South Asia. The article published on the World Bank Data Blog is available \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003EUpdated estimates of the impact of COVID-19 on global poverty\u003C/a\u003E. Mahler et al. June 8, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u0022\u003Ehttps://blogs.worldbank.org/opendata/updated-estimates-impact-covid-19-global-poverty\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 57. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200604\u0022\u003EWorld Bank ― The Global Economic Prospects, June 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200612_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_12#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "64. FAO June 2020 Food Price Monitoring and Analysis", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "64. FAO June 2020 Food Price Monitoring and Analysis", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA) Bulletin monthly report on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels and provided detailed information about the situation. According to the May 2020 preliminary report, international prices of wheat declined in May after the increase in the previous month, following a good supply outlook for the 2020/21 season. The maize export prices continued to decline due to large export availabilities and good supply prospects, with no sign of price increase for some time. On the other hand, rice prices recorded a fifth consecutive monthly increase.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA) Bulletin monthly report on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels and provided detailed information about the situation. According to the May 2020 preliminary report, international prices of wheat declined in May after the increase in the previous month, following a good supply outlook for the 2020/21 season. The maize export prices continued to decline due to large export availabilities and good supply prospects, with no sign of price increase for some time. On the other hand, rice prices recorded a fifth consecutive monthly increase.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA)\u0026nbsp;Bulletin\u0026nbsp;monthly\u0026nbsp;report\u0026nbsp;on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;provided\u0026nbsp;detailed information about the situation. According to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;May 2020 preliminary report, international\u0026nbsp;prices of\u0026nbsp;wheat\u0026nbsp;declined in May\u0026nbsp;after\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;increase\u0026nbsp;in the previous month, following a good supply outlook for the 2020/21\u0026nbsp;season. The maize export prices\u0026nbsp;continued to decline due to\u0026nbsp;large\u0026nbsp;export\u0026nbsp;availabilities\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;good\u0026nbsp;supply prospects,\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;no sign of price increase for some time. On the other hand, rice prices recorded a fifth\u0026nbsp;consecutive monthly increase. The report is available \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9506en/ca9506en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://http://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9506en/ca9506en.pdf\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u0026nbsp;Bulletin #5\u003C/a\u003E. June 10, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 38. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200515\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ー FAO May 2020 Food Price Trends\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA)\u0026nbsp;Bulletin\u0026nbsp;monthly\u0026nbsp;report\u0026nbsp;on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;provided\u0026nbsp;detailed information about the situation. According to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;May 2020 preliminary report, international\u0026nbsp;prices of\u0026nbsp;wheat\u0026nbsp;declined in May\u0026nbsp;after\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;increase\u0026nbsp;in the previous month, following a good supply outlook for the 2020/21\u0026nbsp;season. The maize export prices\u0026nbsp;continued to decline due to\u0026nbsp;large\u0026nbsp;export\u0026nbsp;availabilities\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;good\u0026nbsp;supply prospects,\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;no sign of price increase for some time. On the other hand, rice prices recorded a fifth\u0026nbsp;consecutive monthly increase. The report is available \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9506en/ca9506en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://http://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9506en/ca9506en.pdf\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u0026nbsp;Bulletin #5\u003C/a\u003E. June 10, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 38. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200515\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ー FAO May 2020 Food Price Trends\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200615#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "64. 国連食糧農業機関 (FAO) 2020年6月食料価格動向速報 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "64. FAO June 2020 Food Price Monitoring and Analysis", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、世界・地域・国レベルでの最新価格動向について、食料価格動向速報(Food Price Monitoring and Analysis: FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report)を公表し、とくに価格上昇が観察される国々の事情について詳細な情報を提供しています。2020年5月に関する速報によると、国際小麦価格は2020/21年収穫期における恵まれた供給見通しを受け、前月の上昇が下落に転じました。メイズ輸出価格は十分な輸出・供給見込により価格下落傾向が続き、しばらくは価格上昇の兆しは見られません。他方、コメ価格は、5か月連続での上昇を記録しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA) Bulletin monthly report on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels and provided detailed information about the situation. According to the May 2020 preliminary report, international prices of wheat declined in May after the increase in the previous month, following a good supply outlook for the 2020/21 season. The maize export prices continued to decline due to large export availabilities and good supply prospects, with no sign of price increase for some time. On the other hand, rice prices recorded a fifth consecutive monthly increase.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、世界・地域・国レベルでの最新価格動向について、食料価格動向速報(Food Price Monitoring and Analysis: FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report)を公表し、とくに価格上昇が観察される国々の事情について詳細な情報を提供しています。 以下、2020年6月速報の概要を紹介します。\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際小麦価格は、前月に上昇していましたが、5月には2020/21年収穫期における世界的に恵まれた供給見通しを受けて下落しました。ベンチマークであるUS小麦価格は一トン当たり平均223ドルと4月水準より4％低く、4月分の上昇を殆ど相殺しました。それでも2019年同時期に比べて5％高めとなっています。貿易需要の低迷が追加的な価格下落圧力となっているものの、欧州の一部・黒海地域における乾燥した気候が小麦価格の下落を抑えています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eメイズ輸出価格は5月にさらに下落し、ベンチマークのUSメイズ価格は一トン当たり平均144ドルの値をつけ、4月から1％、年間で16％下落しました。北・南半球の双方における十分な輸出・供給見込により価格下落傾向が続き、飼料・産業用需要から見てもしばらくは価格上昇の兆しは見られません。ただしアメリカでは、原油市場の戻しと輸出需要が価格の下げを限定的にしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5月、FAOの全コメ価格指標 (2002-2004=100)は、主にジャポニカとバスマティの見積もり相場上昇を受け、5か月連続での上昇を記録しました。アジア輸出国では、輸出価格トレンドは上昇・下落混在した結果となりました。タイでは、競合する輸出国間の価格差を埋めるために価格は月ベースで8.1%下落しました。パキスタンでもインドとの競争で価格が下落傾向にありました。インドとベトナムの見積もりでは強い輸出需要が反映されました。アメリカでは価格は上昇傾向にあり、南米からの供給関心を引き付けています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. Food Price and Monitoring Analysis. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. FPAM (Food Price and Monitoring Analysis) Bulletin #5. June 10, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9506en/ca9506en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca9506en/ca9506en.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 38. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 国連食糧農業機関 (FAO) 2020年5月食料価格動向速報 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200515\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200515\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published the Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA)\u0026nbsp;Bulletin\u0026nbsp;monthly\u0026nbsp;report\u0026nbsp;on the latest price trends at the global, regional, and national levels\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;provided\u0026nbsp;detailed information about the situation. According to\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;May 2020 preliminary report, international\u0026nbsp;prices of\u0026nbsp;wheat\u0026nbsp;declined in May\u0026nbsp;after\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;increase\u0026nbsp;in the previous month, following a good supply outlook for the 2020/21\u0026nbsp;season. The maize export prices\u0026nbsp;continued to decline due to\u0026nbsp;large\u0026nbsp;export\u0026nbsp;availabilities\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;good\u0026nbsp;supply prospects,\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;no sign of price increase for some time. On the other hand, rice prices recorded a fifth\u0026nbsp;consecutive monthly increase. The report is available \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9506en/ca9506en.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://http://www.fao.org/giews/food-prices/home/en/\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9506en/ca9506en.pdf\u0022\u003EFood Price and Monitoring Analysis\u0026nbsp;Bulletin #5\u003C/a\u003E. June 10, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 38. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200515\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ー FAO May 2020 Food Price Trends\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200615_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_11#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "65. IMFBlog: Safeguarding Africa’s Food Security in the Age of COVID-19", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "65. IMFBlog: Safeguarding Africa’s Food Security in the Age of COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The International Monetary Fund (IMF) published a blog with a warning that food security in the Sub-Saharan Africa is under threat in the age of COVID-19. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the most climate-affected areas of the world with food security problems, and repeated natural disasters exacerbate the problem. As part of a fiscal stimulus package for pandemic response, Sub-Saharan Africa should prioritize on policies targeted at reducing food security risks. It was also suggested that these policies should focus on increasing production and strengthening households’ ability to withstand shocks.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The International Monetary Fund (IMF) published a blog with a warning that food security in the Sub-Saharan Africa is under threat in the age of COVID-19. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the most climate-affected areas of the world with food security problems, and repeated natural disasters exacerbate the problem. As part of a fiscal stimulus package for pandemic response, Sub-Saharan Africa should prioritize on policies targeted at reducing food security risks. It was also suggested that these policies should focus on increasing production and strengthening households’ ability to withstand shocks.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe International Monetary Fund (IMF)\u0026nbsp;published a blog with a\u0026nbsp;warning\u0026nbsp;that food security in\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Sub-Saharan Africa is\u0026nbsp;under threat\u0026nbsp;in the age of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the most climate-affected areas of the world with food security problems, and repeated natural disasters exacerbate the problem. As part of a fiscal stimulus package for pandemic response, Sub-Saharan Africa\u0026nbsp;should\u0026nbsp;prioritize\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;policies targeted at reducing\u0026nbsp;food security risks. It was also suggested that these policies\u0026nbsp;should focus on increasing production and strengthening\u0026nbsp;households’ ability to withstand shocks. The IMF blog is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF Blog. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003ESafeguarding Africa’s Food Security in the Age of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. Pritha Mitra and Seung Mo Choi, June 4, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003Ehttps://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe International Monetary Fund (IMF)\u0026nbsp;published a blog with a\u0026nbsp;warning\u0026nbsp;that food security in\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Sub-Saharan Africa is\u0026nbsp;under threat\u0026nbsp;in the age of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the most climate-affected areas of the world with food security problems, and repeated natural disasters exacerbate the problem. As part of a fiscal stimulus package for pandemic response, Sub-Saharan Africa\u0026nbsp;should\u0026nbsp;prioritize\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;policies targeted at reducing\u0026nbsp;food security risks. It was also suggested that these policies\u0026nbsp;should focus on increasing production and strengthening\u0026nbsp;households’ ability to withstand shocks. The IMF blog is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF Blog. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003ESafeguarding Africa’s Food Security in the Age of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. Pritha Mitra and Seung Mo Choi, June 4, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003Ehttps://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200616#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "65. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― IMF: COVID-19時代におけるアフリカ食料安全保障の防衛", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "65. IMFBlog: Safeguarding Africa’s Food Security in the Age of COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際通貨基金(IMF)はブログを通じ、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)のもと、サブサハラアフリカの食料安全保障が危機に陥っていることについて警鐘を鳴らしました。サブサハラ・アフリカは、世界で最も気候変動の影響を受け、食料安全保障に問題を抱える地域であり、度重なる自然災害や災厄はさらに問題を悪化させています。サブサハラ・アフリカは、パンデミック対応のための財政刺激パッケージの一環として、食料安全保障のリスクを緩和する政策に優先順位を置き、経済成長/雇用創出と同時に格差解消への貢献が期待される、農業生産増強と世帯のショック対応能力強化に注力すべきです。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The International Monetary Fund (IMF) published a blog with a warning that food security in the Sub-Saharan Africa is under threat in the age of COVID-19. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the most climate-affected areas of the world with food security problems, and repeated natural disasters exacerbate the problem. As part of a fiscal stimulus package for pandemic response, Sub-Saharan Africa should prioritize on policies targeted at reducing food security risks. It was also suggested that these policies should focus on increasing production and strengthening households’ ability to withstand shocks.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際通貨基金(IMF)はブログを通じ、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)のもと、サブサハラアフリカの食料安全保障が危機に陥っていることについて警鐘を鳴らしました。度重なる自然災害や災厄は、アフリカの人々が安全で栄養ある十分な食料へのアクセスを奪っています。イダイ・ケネスといったサイクローン襲来、東アフリカにおけるバッタ大発生、南部・東アフリカにおける干ばつ、これらにCOVID-19パンデミックが重なり、地域の2.4憶の人々が飢餓に直面する状況となっています。国によっては、70％の人口が食料へのアクセスに支障をきたしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサブサハラ・アフリカは、世界で最も食料安全保障に問題を抱える地域であり、人口の半数が貧困線以下での生活を営み、生きるために天水農業・牧畜・漁業に依存しています。IMF 2020年6月サブサハラ・アフリカ地域経済見通しでは、気候変動がさらに問題を悪化させていることを報告しています。干ばつであれ洪水であれサイクローンであれ、気候ショックは農民に打撃をあたえ、食料不足によって人々が食料価格上昇に直面することになります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサブサハラ・アフリカは、パンデミック対応のための財政刺激パッケージの一環として、食料安全保障のリスクを緩和する政策に優先順位を置くべきです。これら政策は、経済成長と雇用創出と同時に格差解消への貢献が期待される、農業生産増強と世帯によるショック対応能力強化に注力すべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパンデミック前も、地域の多くの国々は作物生産性の向上や気候への脆弱性を緩和するために行動をとっていました。例えばモザンビークは、高温耐性豆品種のパイロット・プロジェクトを実施しており、エチオピアではさび病（高温と雨量不順で引き起こされる）耐性小麦品種導入により収量を40％改善した農民について報告されています。これら成果を活かすには、灌漑設備・種子・土壌侵食保全向上を通じた生産性改善が必要です。同時に、これら政策実施を加速するために、農民の意識向上が求められます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサブサハラ・アフリカにおいて、気候変動適応策は予想以上のインパクトを達成してきました。これら戦略の普及には、今後10年間、地域GDPの2％に相当する300―500憶ドルが必要とされるとのことです。しかし将来、頻繁に必要となる災害支援額に比べれば、気候変動対応メカニズムの費用を先払いすることで、社会が負うコストはずっと少なくてすむでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF Blog. Safeguarding Africa’s Food Security in the Age of COVID-19. Pritha Mitra and Seung Mo Choi, June 4, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003Ehttps://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe International Monetary Fund (IMF)\u0026nbsp;published a blog with a\u0026nbsp;warning\u0026nbsp;that food security in\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Sub-Saharan Africa is\u0026nbsp;under threat\u0026nbsp;in the age of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the most climate-affected areas of the world with food security problems, and repeated natural disasters exacerbate the problem. As part of a fiscal stimulus package for pandemic response, Sub-Saharan Africa\u0026nbsp;should\u0026nbsp;prioritize\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;policies targeted at reducing\u0026nbsp;food security risks. It was also suggested that these policies\u0026nbsp;should focus on increasing production and strengthening\u0026nbsp;households’ ability to withstand shocks. The IMF blog is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF Blog. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003ESafeguarding Africa’s Food Security in the Age of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. Pritha Mitra and Seung Mo Choi, June 4, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u0022\u003Ehttps://blogs.imf.org/2020/06/04/safeguarding-africas-food-security-in-the-age-of-covid-19/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200616_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_10#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "66. Desertification and Drought Day", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "66. Desertification and Drought Day", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations has designated June 17th each year as “Desertification and Drought Day”. To meet the demand of about 10 billion people by 2050, people need to change their lifestyles and change their consciousness. One of the biggest causes of soil degradation is the expansion of farmland to feed a rapidly growing population. Also, trees are cut down for charcoal production, which leads to land degradation. In Africa, the growing demand for food and fuel due to urbanization is causing the loss of the rural ecosystem and land degradation, and there is no alternative but to seek sustainable management methods.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations has designated June 17th each year as “Desertification and Drought Day”. To meet the demand of about 10 billion people by 2050, people need to change their lifestyles and change their consciousness. One of the biggest causes of soil degradation is the expansion of farmland to feed a rapidly growing population. Also, trees are cut down for charcoal production, which leads to land degradation. In Africa, the growing demand for food and fuel due to urbanization is causing the loss of the rural ecosystem and land degradation, and there is no alternative but to seek sustainable management methods.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJune 17th\u0026nbsp;each year\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;designated by\u0026nbsp;the United Nations\u0026nbsp;as “Desertification and Drought Day”, which aims to\u0026nbsp;change public attitudes on\u0026nbsp;insatiable production and consumption of humankind\u0026nbsp;which are the leading drivers of\u0026nbsp;desertification and\u0026nbsp;land degradation. To meet the demand of about 10 billion people by 2050, it is necessary to change lifestyles, and aim for individual awareness reform under the slogan of\u0026nbsp;“Food.\u0026nbsp;Feed.\u0026nbsp;Fiber.”. This year\u0027s theme is about people\u0027s consumption and the health of the landscape.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn an interview with\u0026nbsp;Frank\u0026nbsp;Turyatunga, Deputy Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Africa Regional Office, he stressed that\u0026nbsp;healthy ecosystems\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;essential to\u0026nbsp;support\u0026nbsp;a healthy planet and\u0026nbsp;healthy people,\u0026nbsp;so it is necessary to\u0026nbsp;invest in sustainable management of ecosystems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs to the\u0026nbsp;main drivers of land degradation in sub-Saharan Africa, he enumerated\u0026nbsp;the expansion of farmlands\u0026nbsp;to feed a rapidly growing population, the use of charcoal as fuel source, and climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHe also said that\u0026nbsp;Africa is one of the most rapidly urbanized regions in the world, and the increasing demand for food and fuel, etc. due to urbanization causes loss of the rural ecosystem and land degradation.\u0026nbsp;The only solution is to seek a more sustainable management method for nature. It requires a change in people\u0027s awareness and investment in land planning. The solution is to involve young people and companies by using digital technology for sustainable land management and payment for ecosystem services (PES).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/protect-landscapes-protect-humanity\u0022\u003EProtect landscapes to protect humanity\u003C/a\u003E. June 16, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIiyama M, et al. (2014) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.12.003\u0022\u003EThe potential of agroforestry in the provision of sustainable woodfuel in sub-Saharan Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. Vol. 6C, pp. 138-147.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJune 17th\u0026nbsp;each year\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;designated by\u0026nbsp;the United Nations\u0026nbsp;as “Desertification and Drought Day”, which aims to\u0026nbsp;change public attitudes on\u0026nbsp;insatiable production and consumption of humankind\u0026nbsp;which are the leading drivers of\u0026nbsp;desertification and\u0026nbsp;land degradation. To meet the demand of about 10 billion people by 2050, it is necessary to change lifestyles, and aim for individual awareness reform under the slogan of\u0026nbsp;“Food.\u0026nbsp;Feed.\u0026nbsp;Fiber.”. This year\u0027s theme is about people\u0027s consumption and the health of the landscape.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn an interview with\u0026nbsp;Frank\u0026nbsp;Turyatunga, Deputy Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Africa Regional Office, he stressed that\u0026nbsp;healthy ecosystems\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;essential to\u0026nbsp;support\u0026nbsp;a healthy planet and\u0026nbsp;healthy people,\u0026nbsp;so it is necessary to\u0026nbsp;invest in sustainable management of ecosystems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs to the\u0026nbsp;main drivers of land degradation in sub-Saharan Africa, he enumerated\u0026nbsp;the expansion of farmlands\u0026nbsp;to feed a rapidly growing population, the use of charcoal as fuel source, and climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHe also said that\u0026nbsp;Africa is one of the most rapidly urbanized regions in the world, and the increasing demand for food and fuel, etc. due to urbanization causes loss of the rural ecosystem and land degradation.\u0026nbsp;The only solution is to seek a more sustainable management method for nature. It requires a change in people\u0027s awareness and investment in land planning. The solution is to involve young people and companies by using digital technology for sustainable land management and payment for ecosystem services (PES).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/protect-landscapes-protect-humanity\u0022\u003EProtect landscapes to protect humanity\u003C/a\u003E. June 16, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIiyama M, et al. (2014) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.12.003\u0022\u003EThe potential of agroforestry in the provision of sustainable woodfuel in sub-Saharan Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. Vol. 6C, pp. 138-147.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200617#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "66. 砂漠化および干ばつと闘う世界デー (Desertification and Drought Day)", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "66. Desertification and Drought Day", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "6月17日は、国連が制定した「砂漠化および干ばつと闘う世界デー (Desertification and Drought Day)」です。2050年までに約100億人の需要を満たすには、人々によるライフスタイルの変化と意識改革が必要です。土壌劣化の最大の要因の一つは、急速に増え続ける人口を養うための農地拡大です。また木炭生産のために木が伐採され、土地劣化につながります。アフリカでは、都市化によって高まる食料・燃料等への需要が農村エコシステムの喪失や土地劣化の要因となっており、持続的な管理法を模索していくしか対応策はありません。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations has designated June 17th each year as “Desertification and Drought Day”. To meet the demand of about 10 billion people by 2050, people need to change their lifestyles and change their consciousness. One of the biggest causes of soil degradation is the expansion of farmland to feed a rapidly growing population. Also, trees are cut down for charcoal production, which leads to land degradation. In Africa, the growing demand for food and fuel due to urbanization is causing the loss of the rural ecosystem and land degradation, and there is no alternative but to seek sustainable management methods.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E6月17日は、国連が制定した「砂漠化および干ばつと闘う世界デー (Desertification and Drought Day)」であり、砂漠化を防止し、旱魃から人々を救うために、人類の飽くなき生産と消費について人々の意識を変えることを目的としています。2050年までに約100億人の需要を満たすためには、ライフスタイルの変化と個人による意識改革が必要です。今年のテーマは人々の消費とランドスケープの健全性についてがテーマです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E劣化した土地とは、地球上の生命維持の基盤である生物多様性を失ったあるいは失いつつある土地を指します。劣化した土壌は、土壌侵食防止・土壌の水分保持などのエコシステム・サービスを供給できません。健全なエコシステムは健全な地球と人類にとって不可欠であり、それゆえにエコシステムの持続的管理に投資しなければなりません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E余り注目を浴びませんが、土壌劣化の最大の要因の一つは、急速に増え続ける人口を養うための農地拡大です。土地計画の不在や農業資材・技術へのアクセスの欠如、そしてときには汚職によって、焼き畑農業(slush and burn)的土地利用が拡大しています。このような耕作システムの下では、木質バイオマスやその他自然資源が非持続的に搾取され、土壌劣化に繋がります。もう一つの要因が木炭の利用です。調理用のガスや電気を支払えない人々が燃料源として薪や木炭を使用し、木炭生産のための木の伐採によって土地劣化がおこります。気候変動は度重なる洪水・干ばつを通じて状況を悪化させ、近年ではバッタの大群が作物にダメージを与えています。農民は作物を生産できる時期について決めかね、貧困が悪化した結果、焼き畑農業のような対応策に頼らざるを得ない、という悪循環が起きています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカは世界でも最も都市化が急速に進んでいる地域であり、都市化によって高まる食料・燃料等への需要が農村エコシステムの喪失や土地劣化の要因となります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこのような状況に対し、持続的な管理法を模索していくしか対応策はありません。それには人々の意識改革と土地計画への投資が必要です。解決のためには、持続的土地管理のためにデジタル・テクノロジーを活用したり、生態系サービスへの支払い（PES：Payment for Ecosystem Services）を活用していき、若者や企業を巻き込んでいかなければなりません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP. Protect landscapes to protect humanity. June 16, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/protect-landscapes-protect-humanity\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/protect-landscapes-protect-humanity\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIiyama M, et al. (2014) The potential of agroforestry in the provision of sustainable woodfuel in sub-Saharan Africa. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. Vol. 6C, pp. 138-147. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.12.003\u0022\u003Ehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.12.003\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJune 17th\u0026nbsp;each year\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;designated by\u0026nbsp;the United Nations\u0026nbsp;as “Desertification and Drought Day”, which aims to\u0026nbsp;change public attitudes on\u0026nbsp;insatiable production and consumption of humankind\u0026nbsp;which are the leading drivers of\u0026nbsp;desertification and\u0026nbsp;land degradation. To meet the demand of about 10 billion people by 2050, it is necessary to change lifestyles, and aim for individual awareness reform under the slogan of\u0026nbsp;“Food.\u0026nbsp;Feed.\u0026nbsp;Fiber.”. This year\u0027s theme is about people\u0027s consumption and the health of the landscape.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn an interview with\u0026nbsp;Frank\u0026nbsp;Turyatunga, Deputy Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Africa Regional Office, he stressed that\u0026nbsp;healthy ecosystems\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;essential to\u0026nbsp;support\u0026nbsp;a healthy planet and\u0026nbsp;healthy people,\u0026nbsp;so it is necessary to\u0026nbsp;invest in sustainable management of ecosystems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs to the\u0026nbsp;main drivers of land degradation in sub-Saharan Africa, he enumerated\u0026nbsp;the expansion of farmlands\u0026nbsp;to feed a rapidly growing population, the use of charcoal as fuel source, and climate change.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHe also said that\u0026nbsp;Africa is one of the most rapidly urbanized regions in the world, and the increasing demand for food and fuel, etc. due to urbanization causes loss of the rural ecosystem and land degradation.\u0026nbsp;The only solution is to seek a more sustainable management method for nature. It requires a change in people\u0027s awareness and investment in land planning. The solution is to involve young people and companies by using digital technology for sustainable land management and payment for ecosystem services (PES).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/protect-landscapes-protect-humanity\u0022\u003EProtect landscapes to protect humanity\u003C/a\u003E. June 16, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIiyama M, et al. (2014) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.12.003\u0022\u003EThe potential of agroforestry in the provision of sustainable woodfuel in sub-Saharan Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. Vol. 6C, pp. 138-147.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200617_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_9#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "67. UN Policy Brief: COVID-19 Impact on Food and Nutrition Security", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "67. UN Policy Brief: COVID-19 Impact on Food and Nutrition Security", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On June 9, 2020, the United Nations announced a policy brief titled “The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition”. A new coronavirus pandemic is a health and humanitarian crisis that threatens food and nutrition security for people who were originally suffering from hunger and malnutrition. Without extensive coordination of COVID-19 measures and mitigation measures for the impending global economic downturn, the functioning of the food system could collapse, leading to a health and nutrition crisis. The food system is also one of the causes of climate change and the global environmental crisis, and it is time to think about transforming the food system into one that is more comprehensive, sustainable, and resilient.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 9, 2020, the United Nations announced a policy brief titled “The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition”. A new coronavirus pandemic is a health and humanitarian crisis that threatens food and nutrition security for people who were originally suffering from hunger and malnutrition. Without extensive coordination of COVID-19 measures and mitigation measures for the impending global economic downturn, the functioning of the food system could collapse, leading to a health and nutrition crisis. The food system is also one of the causes of climate change and the global environmental crisis, and it is time to think about transforming the food system into one that is more comprehensive, sustainable, and resilient.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 9, 2020, the United Nations announced a policy brief titled “The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition”. A new coronavirus pandemic is a health and humanitarian crisis that threatens food and nutrition security for people who were originally suffering from hunger and malnutrition. Without extensive coordination of COVID-19 measures and mitigation measures for the impending global economic downturn, the functioning of the food system could collapse, leading to a health and nutrition crisis. The food system is also one of the causes of climate change and the global environmental crisis, and it is time to think about transforming the food system into one that is more comprehensive, sustainable, and resilient. The UN Policy Brief on the\u0026nbsp;The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/sg_policy_brief_on_covid_impact_on_food_security.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. P\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/sg_policy_brief_on_covid_impact_on_food_security.pdf\u0022\u003Eolicy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition\u003C/a\u003E JUNE 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 9, 2020, the United Nations announced a policy brief titled “The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition”. A new coronavirus pandemic is a health and humanitarian crisis that threatens food and nutrition security for people who were originally suffering from hunger and malnutrition. Without extensive coordination of COVID-19 measures and mitigation measures for the impending global economic downturn, the functioning of the food system could collapse, leading to a health and nutrition crisis. The food system is also one of the causes of climate change and the global environmental crisis, and it is time to think about transforming the food system into one that is more comprehensive, sustainable, and resilient. The UN Policy Brief on the\u0026nbsp;The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/sg_policy_brief_on_covid_impact_on_food_security.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. P\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/sg_policy_brief_on_covid_impact_on_food_security.pdf\u0022\u003Eolicy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition\u003C/a\u003E JUNE 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200618#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "67. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック － 国連政策提言： COVID-19の食料安全保障と栄養へのインパクト", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "67. UN Policy Brief: COVID-19 Impact on Food and Nutrition Security", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月9日、国連は「COVID-19の食料安全保障と栄養へのインパクトThe Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition 」とするポリシーブリーフ(政策提言)を発表しました。新型コロナウイルス感染症パンデミックは、それ以前から飢餓と栄養失調に苦しんでいた人々の食料栄養安全保障を脅かす保健医療・人道危機です。COVID-19対策と迫りくる世界経済不況への緩和策に関する大規模な協調なければ、フードシステムの機能は破綻し、保健・栄養危機に陥りかねません。フードシステムは、また、気候変動・地球の環境危機の要因の一つでもあり、フードシステムをより包括的・持続的で強靭なものに転換すべき時期に来ていると言えます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 9, 2020, the United Nations announced a policy brief titled “The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition”. A new coronavirus pandemic is a health and humanitarian crisis that threatens food and nutrition security for people who were originally suffering from hunger and malnutrition. Without extensive coordination of COVID-19 measures and mitigation measures for the impending global economic downturn, the functioning of the food system could collapse, leading to a health and nutrition crisis. The food system is also one of the causes of climate change and the global environmental crisis, and it is time to think about transforming the food system into one that is more comprehensive, sustainable, and resilient.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月9日、国連は「COVID-19の食料安全保障と栄養へのインパクトThe Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition 」とするポリシーブリーフ(政策提言)を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症パンデミックは、それ以前から飢餓と栄養失調に苦しんでいた世界中の数百万人の食料栄養安全保障を脅かす保健医療・人道危機です。COVID-19対策と迫りくる世界経済不況への緩和策に関する大規模な協調なければ、フードシステムの機能は破綻し、過去50年に経験したことのない規模での保健・栄養危機に陥りかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19を抑え込むための措置は、グローバルフードサプライチェーンに影響を与えています。国境封鎖やロックダウンによって、世界の地域によっては、数百万人の季節労働者の仕事が消失し、食肉加工工場は閉鎖を迫られ、消費需要の落ち込みにより生鮮食品やミルクを廃棄せざるを得ない農民もいます。その結果、都市部の人々は、新鮮な青果物や乳製品・肉・魚の入手に不便している状態です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の穀物市場は、2019年の豊作と十分な備蓄により、これまでのところ安定しています。しかし世界の人口の多くはローカルな市場で食料を調達しており、物流寸断の影響を受けています。失業・所得の喪失・食料価格の上昇によって、食料確保に不便する人々も出ており、食料価格の上昇が起きている国もあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパンデミック以前、既に8.2億人の人々が慢性的に食料安全保障の危機にあると推定されていました。最新のデータでは、1.35憶人が食料危機の状況にあり、COVID-19によりその数は年末までに倍増しかねません。また5歳以下で慢性的栄養失調(stunting)にある子供は5人に一人の1.44憶人、急性栄養失調(wasting)状況の子供は4700万人とされていますが、さらに拡大することが懸念されています。5月末までに3.68憶人の学童が給食の機会を失っています。2020年にパンデミックは4900万人を絶対的貧困においやり、世界GDPが1％落ち込むごとに追加的に70万人の子供が慢性的栄養失調に陥ることが予測されています。サプライショックの影響と合わせ、所得減によって急性の食料・栄養不足に陥る人々の数は今後3－4か月で急増するでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19パンデミックは、国境を越えた紛争、自然災害、気候変動、病害虫・疫病の発生によって既にフードシステムが危機的状況に置かれているタイミングでやってきました。例えば東アフリカは、洪水・バッタ被害・COVID-19発生という相互に破滅的な影響を持つ「3つの危機triple menace」に直面しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19パンデミックは、世界のフードシステム転換の必要性について警鐘をならしています。フードシステムは、人為的な温室効果ガス排出の3分の1程度寄与し、生物多様性喪失の主要要因とされ、気候変動・地球環境危機の要因の一つでもあります。食料生産、加工、マーケティング、消費において無駄にされる資源について再考し、フードシステムをより包括的で持続的で強靭なものに転換するよう考えねばならない時期に来ていると言えます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. Policy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition JUNE 2020.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/sg_policy_brief_on_covid_impact_on_food_security.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/sg_policy_brief_on_covid_impact_on_food_security.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 9, 2020, the United Nations announced a policy brief titled “The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition”. A new coronavirus pandemic is a health and humanitarian crisis that threatens food and nutrition security for people who were originally suffering from hunger and malnutrition. Without extensive coordination of COVID-19 measures and mitigation measures for the impending global economic downturn, the functioning of the food system could collapse, leading to a health and nutrition crisis. The food system is also one of the causes of climate change and the global environmental crisis, and it is time to think about transforming the food system into one that is more comprehensive, sustainable, and resilient. The UN Policy Brief on the\u0026nbsp;The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/sg_policy_brief_on_covid_impact_on_food_security.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. P\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/sg_policy_brief_on_covid_impact_on_food_security.pdf\u0022\u003Eolicy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on Food Security and Nutrition\u003C/a\u003E JUNE 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200618_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_8#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-19", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "68. UNFCCC: Need for More Ambitious Action to Achieve Kyoto Protocol Goals", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "68. UNFCCC: Need for More Ambitious Action to Achieve Kyoto Protocol Goals", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On June 17, 2020, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) released a new UN Climate Change assessment showing that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions of 18% compared to the 1990 goal levels under the Kyoto Protocol’s second phase can be fully achieved. However, this assessment applies only to 37 countries, and the continuous global increase in emissions indicates the need for more ambitious action. The year 2020 is critical because the Kyoto Protocol Parties will submit new targets or update efforts to reduce GHG emissions. If the current trend continues, the global average temperature could rise by more than 3 oC. Based on the Paris Agreement, the temperature rise should be kept as much as possible to 1.5 degrees C or below 2 degrees C.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 17, 2020, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) released a new UN Climate Change assessment showing that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions of 18% compared to the 1990 goal levels under the Kyoto Protocol’s second phase can be fully achieved. However, this assessment applies only to 37 countries, and the continuous global increase in emissions indicates the need for more ambitious action. The year 2020 is critical because the Kyoto Protocol Parties will submit new targets or update efforts to reduce GHG emissions. If the current trend continues, the global average temperature could rise by more than 3 oC. Based on the Paris Agreement, the temperature rise should be kept as much as possible to 1.5 degrees C or below 2 degrees C.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 17, 2020, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) released a new UN Climate Change assessment showing that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions of 18% compared to the 1990 goal levels under the Kyoto Protocol’s second phase can be fully achieved. However, this assessment applies only to 37 countries, and the continuous global increase in emissions indicates the need for more ambitious action. The year 2020 is critical because the Kyoto Protocol Parties will submit new targets or update efforts to reduce GHG emissions. If the current trend continues, the global average temperature could rise by more than 3 oC. Based on the Paris Agreement, the temperature rise should be kept as much as possible to 1.5 degrees C or below 2 degrees C.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the\u0026nbsp;the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website, the Kyoto Protocol, which is the framework\u0026nbsp;until\u0026nbsp;2020, imposes a certain numerical reduction on\u0026nbsp;GHG\u0026nbsp;emissions for developed countries, but not on developing countries. Japan had a 6% reduction obligation during the\u0026nbsp;first commitment period\u0026nbsp;(2008-2012), but did not participate in the\u0026nbsp;second commitment period\u0026nbsp;(2013-2020). The Paris Agreement, which is the framework after 2020, was adopted for the first time as a framework in which all countries participate.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe UNFCCC climate change assessment is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/news/kyoto-s-second-phase-emission-reductions-achievable-but-greater-ambition-needed\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCCC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/news/kyoto-s-second-phase-emission-reductions-achievable-but-greater-ambition-needed\u0022\u003EKyoto’s Second Phase Emission Reductions Achievable But Greater Ambition Needed\u003C/a\u003E. ARTICLE / 17 JUN, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/ic/ch/page22e_000919.html\u0022\u003EInternational Framework on Climate Change\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 17, 2020, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) released a new UN Climate Change assessment showing that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions of 18% compared to the 1990 goal levels under the Kyoto Protocol’s second phase can be fully achieved. However, this assessment applies only to 37 countries, and the continuous global increase in emissions indicates the need for more ambitious action. The year 2020 is critical because the Kyoto Protocol Parties will submit new targets or update efforts to reduce GHG emissions. If the current trend continues, the global average temperature could rise by more than 3 oC. Based on the Paris Agreement, the temperature rise should be kept as much as possible to 1.5 degrees C or below 2 degrees C.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the\u0026nbsp;the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website, the Kyoto Protocol, which is the framework\u0026nbsp;until\u0026nbsp;2020, imposes a certain numerical reduction on\u0026nbsp;GHG\u0026nbsp;emissions for developed countries, but not on developing countries. Japan had a 6% reduction obligation during the\u0026nbsp;first commitment period\u0026nbsp;(2008-2012), but did not participate in the\u0026nbsp;second commitment period\u0026nbsp;(2013-2020). The Paris Agreement, which is the framework after 2020, was adopted for the first time as a framework in which all countries participate.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe UNFCCC climate change assessment is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/news/kyoto-s-second-phase-emission-reductions-achievable-but-greater-ambition-needed\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCCC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/news/kyoto-s-second-phase-emission-reductions-achievable-but-greater-ambition-needed\u0022\u003EKyoto’s Second Phase Emission Reductions Achievable But Greater Ambition Needed\u003C/a\u003E. ARTICLE / 17 JUN, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/ic/ch/page22e_000919.html\u0022\u003EInternational Framework on Climate Change\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200619#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-19", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "68. 気候変動枠組条約 (UNFCCC)：京都議定書の目標達成視野、一方、より野心的な介入が必要", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "68. UNFCCC: Need for More Ambitious Action to Achieve Kyoto Protocol Goals", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月17日、国連気候変動枠組条約 (UNFCCC)は、温室効果ガス(GHG)を1990年比で18％削減することを目標とした京都議定書第二約束期間の目標が実現可能であると伝えました。ただし、この評価はドーハ改正案での排出量削減に合意した37か国のみに限定され、世界的には排出量は増加を続けており、野心的な介入が必要です。2020年は、全ての国が参加してGHG排出削減に取り組む国際枠組みであるパリ協定のもとで、各国の気候変動対策への本気度が試されるタイミングです。現状の排出傾向が続けば世界の平均気温は３℃以上上昇しかねませんが、パリ協定では、世界的な平均気温上昇を産業革命以前に比べて2℃より低く保ち、可能な限り1.5℃に抑える努力を追求することを明記しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 17, 2020, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) released a new UN Climate Change assessment showing that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions of 18% compared to the 1990 goal levels under the Kyoto Protocol’s second phase can be fully achieved. However, this assessment applies only to 37 countries, and the continuous global increase in emissions indicates the need for more ambitious action. The year 2020 is critical because the Kyoto Protocol Parties will submit new targets or update efforts to reduce GHG emissions. If the current trend continues, the global average temperature could rise by more than 3 oC. Based on the Paris Agreement, the temperature rise should be kept as much as possible to 1.5 degrees C or below 2 degrees C.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月17日、国連気候変動枠組条約 (UNFCCC)は、温室効果ガス(GHG)を1990年水準から少なくとも18％削減することを目標とした京都議定書第二約束期間の目標が実現可能であると伝えました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E京都議定書第二約束期間は、2012年カタールのドーハで採択された改正案で、2013年から2020年の期間を指します。改正案では、先進国による温室効果ガス排出量削減の数値目標を盛り込み、1990年水準に比べて18％削減するゴールを設定しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eドーハ改正案のもとで目標を掲げた締約国からの1990年～2018年の最新情報に基づく評価によると、2018年の温室効果ガス排出量は1990年より25.3%低い値でした。2019年・2020年も同程度の排出水準を維持できれば目標値を超えて削減を達成することもありえます。ただし、この評価はドーハ改正案のもとで排出量削減に合意した37先進国のみに限定されます。世界的には排出量は増加を続けており、野心的な介入が必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年は、パリ協定のもとで自国が決定する貢献（NDC：nationally determined contribution）を提示する年であり、各国の気候変動対策への本気度が試されるタイミングです。NDCsは2020年以降のGHG排出削減等のための新たな国際枠組みであるパリ協定の根幹をなすものであり、各国が国内の事情と能力に応じて削減目標と適応策を設定します。世界的に現状の排出傾向が続けば世界の平均気温は３℃以上上昇しかねませんが、パリ協定では、世界的な平均気温上昇を産業革命以前に比べて2℃より低く保ち、可能な限り1.5℃以下に抑える努力を追求することを明記しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2005年に発効した京都議定書は、先進国に一定数値の温室効果ガス排出を課しています。2008-2012年の第一約束期間では1990年比で平均5％削減とされました。これまで、37先進国の排出水準は1990年比で22％削減し、当初の5％のターゲットを大幅に超えました。したがって、議定書は温室効果ガス濃度を安定させ、気候変動を回避する目的達成に重要な役割を果たしていると言えます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（＊）外務省HPからの捕捉：2020年までの枠組みである京都議定書では、先進国に対して，温室効果ガス排出を一定数値削減することを課している一方，途上国には削減義務を課していない。第一約束期間（2008～2012年）は日本－6％の削減義務があったが、第二約束期間（2013～2020年）には日本は参加していない。2020年以降の枠組みであるパリ協定は、史上初めて全ての国が参加する枠組みとして採択されたもの。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCCC. Kyoto’s Second Phase Emission Reductions Achievable But Greater Ambition Needed. ARTICLE / 17 JUN, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/news/kyoto-s-second-phase-emission-reductions-achievable-but-greater-ambition-needed\u0022\u003Ehttps://unfccc.int/news/kyoto-s-second-phase-emission-reductions-achievable-but-greater-ambition-needed\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E外務省　気候変動に関する国際枠組　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/ic/ch/page22_003283.html#:~:text=\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/ic/ch/page22_003283.html#:~:text=\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 17, 2020, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) released a new UN Climate Change assessment showing that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions of 18% compared to the 1990 goal levels under the Kyoto Protocol’s second phase can be fully achieved. However, this assessment applies only to 37 countries, and the continuous global increase in emissions indicates the need for more ambitious action. The year 2020 is critical because the Kyoto Protocol Parties will submit new targets or update efforts to reduce GHG emissions. If the current trend continues, the global average temperature could rise by more than 3 oC. Based on the Paris Agreement, the temperature rise should be kept as much as possible to 1.5 degrees C or below 2 degrees C.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the\u0026nbsp;the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website, the Kyoto Protocol, which is the framework\u0026nbsp;until\u0026nbsp;2020, imposes a certain numerical reduction on\u0026nbsp;GHG\u0026nbsp;emissions for developed countries, but not on developing countries. Japan had a 6% reduction obligation during the\u0026nbsp;first commitment period\u0026nbsp;(2008-2012), but did not participate in the\u0026nbsp;second commitment period\u0026nbsp;(2013-2020). The Paris Agreement, which is the framework after 2020, was adopted for the first time as a framework in which all countries participate.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe UNFCCC climate change assessment is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/news/kyoto-s-second-phase-emission-reductions-achievable-but-greater-ambition-needed\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCCC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/news/kyoto-s-second-phase-emission-reductions-achievable-but-greater-ambition-needed\u0022\u003EKyoto’s Second Phase Emission Reductions Achievable But Greater Ambition Needed\u003C/a\u003E. ARTICLE / 17 JUN, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.mofa.go.jp/ic/ch/page22e_000919.html\u0022\u003EInternational Framework on Climate Change\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200619_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_7#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "69. UNCTAD: COVID-19 Induced Contraction of International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment Due ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "69. UNCTAD: COVID-19 Induced Contraction of International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment Due ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In June 2020, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) showed that international trade and foreign direct investment fell sharply in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the latest data released by UNCTAD on June 11, merchandise trade fell by 5% in the first quarter of this year, and is expected to fall by 27% in the second quarter and a 20% annual decline in 2020. UNCTAD also released a report on foreign direct investment (FDI) on June 16th, forecasting a sharp drop to 40% in 2020. Developing countries will be hit hardest by the contraction of international trade and FDI.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) showed that international trade and foreign direct investment fell sharply in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the latest data released by UNCTAD on June 11, merchandise trade fell by 5% in the first quarter of this year, and is expected to fall by 27% in the second quarter and a 20% annual decline in 2020. UNCTAD also released a report on foreign direct investment (FDI) on June 16th, forecasting a sharp drop to 40% in 2020. Developing countries will be hit hardest by the contraction of international trade and FDI.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) forecasted\u0026nbsp;a 20% drop in international trade and a 40% drop in foreign direct investment in 2020.\u0026nbsp;According to the latest data from the UNCTAD Quarterly Global Trade Update, merchandise\u0026nbsp;trade is expected\u0026nbsp;fell\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;5% in the first quarter of this year,\u0026nbsp;and is expected to fall by\u0026nbsp;27% in the second quarter and\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;20%\u0026nbsp;annual decline\u0026nbsp;in 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report shows that the economic disruptions due to COVID-19 have affected all countries and is\u0026nbsp;expected to be particularly devastating\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;developing countries.\u0026nbsp;In particular,\u0026nbsp;exports fall due to slumping demand in customer markets\u0026nbsp;in developing countries and the drop in imports\u0026nbsp;would\u0026nbsp;be affected not only by domestic demand, but also by foreign exchange, which reflects concerns about debt and shortages of foreign currency.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe latest UNCTAD\u0026nbsp;data\u0026nbsp;on international trade are available\u0026nbsp;in the first edition of the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/ditcmisc2020d2_en.pdf\u0022\u003EGlobal Trade Update\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Details of the global flows of foreign direct investment (FDI)\u0026nbsp;are available in the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2020_en.pdf\u0022\u003EWorld Investment Report 2020: International Production Beyond the Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2392\u0022\u003EGlobal trade continues nosedive, UNCTAD forecasts 20% drop in 2020\u003C/a\u003E. 11 June 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2396\u0022\u003EGlobal foreign direct investment projected to plunge 40% in 2020\u003C/a\u003E. 16 June 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) forecasted\u0026nbsp;a 20% drop in international trade and a 40% drop in foreign direct investment in 2020.\u0026nbsp;According to the latest data from the UNCTAD Quarterly Global Trade Update, merchandise\u0026nbsp;trade is expected\u0026nbsp;fell\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;5% in the first quarter of this year,\u0026nbsp;and is expected to fall by\u0026nbsp;27% in the second quarter and\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;20%\u0026nbsp;annual decline\u0026nbsp;in 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report shows that the economic disruptions due to COVID-19 have affected all countries and is\u0026nbsp;expected to be particularly devastating\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;developing countries.\u0026nbsp;In particular,\u0026nbsp;exports fall due to slumping demand in customer markets\u0026nbsp;in developing countries and the drop in imports\u0026nbsp;would\u0026nbsp;be affected not only by domestic demand, but also by foreign exchange, which reflects concerns about debt and shortages of foreign currency.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe latest UNCTAD\u0026nbsp;data\u0026nbsp;on international trade are available\u0026nbsp;in the first edition of the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/ditcmisc2020d2_en.pdf\u0022\u003EGlobal Trade Update\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Details of the global flows of foreign direct investment (FDI)\u0026nbsp;are available in the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2020_en.pdf\u0022\u003EWorld Investment Report 2020: International Production Beyond the Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2392\u0022\u003EGlobal trade continues nosedive, UNCTAD forecasts 20% drop in 2020\u003C/a\u003E. 11 June 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2396\u0022\u003EGlobal foreign direct investment projected to plunge 40% in 2020\u003C/a\u003E. 16 June 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200622#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "69. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック － 国連貿易開発会議(UNCTAD) :国際貿易と外国直接投資の収縮", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "69. UNCTAD: COVID-19 Induced Contraction of International Trade and Foreign Direct Investment Due ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月、国連貿易開発会議 (UNCTAD)は、2020年、国際貿易と外国直接投資が大幅に落ち込むとの見通しを示しました。6月11日にUNCTADが公表した最新データによると、商品貿易は今年の第一四半期に5％落ち込み、第二四半期には27％下落する見込みであり、2020年に20％の落ち込みが予測されています。UNCTADはまた、6月16日に外国直接投資に関する報告書を公表、2020年に40％と急激に落ち込むとの予測を示しました。国際貿易・外国直接投資の収縮により、途上国が最も打撃を受けるでしょう。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) showed that international trade and foreign direct investment fell sharply in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the latest data released by UNCTAD on June 11, merchandise trade fell by 5% in the first quarter of this year, and is expected to fall by 27% in the second quarter and a 20% annual decline in 2020. UNCTAD also released a report on foreign direct investment (FDI) on June 16th, forecasting a sharp drop to 40% in 2020. Developing countries will be hit hardest by the contraction of international trade and FDI.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月、国連貿易開発会議 (UNCTAD)は、2020年、国際貿易が20％急降下する一方、外国直接投資が40％落ち込むとの見通しを示しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6月11日にUNCTADが公表した四半期報告書 (Global Trade Update) の最新データによると、商品貿易は今年の第一四半期に5％落ち込み、第二四半期には27％下落する見込みであり、2020年に20％の落ち込みが予測されています。ただし不確実性が大きく、最終的には、パンデミックの展開と政府による経済刺激政策の規模によるでしょう。コロナウイルスにより引き起こされた貿易低迷の影響を受けない国はありませんが、とりわけ途上国への打撃が大きいことが予測されています。今年の第一四半期の南南貿易の落ち込みは2％でしたが、4月には14％と急激に落ち込みました。途上国では、取引先市場での需要の落ち込みによって輸出が落ち込む一方、輸入の落ち込みは国内需要の落ち込みだけでなく、債務や外貨不足への懸念を反映した為替の影響も受けているようです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4月に関する初期データは、南アジアと中東で40％の貿易の落ち込みを記録した一方、東アジアと太平洋地域では貿易の落ち込みは第一四半期・4月とも一桁にとどまり、何とか持ちこたえているようです。4月時点で中国は他の経済よりも上手く対応し、輸出は3％増加しました。しかし最新データでは回復は短期的であり、5月の輸入・輸出は8％ほど落ち込んでいます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書によると、COVID-19の影響はセクターによって異なるようです。2020年第一四半期、繊維・アパレルの貿易は12％落ち込み、事務機器や自動車部門は8％下落する一方、これまでのところ激動を回避し得ているアグリフードセクターでは2％増加しました。4月データは、多くのセクターでさらに貿易が縮小することを示しており、とりわけエネルギー（－40％）、自動車（－50％）で顕著です。化学製品・機械・精密機器も10％以上下落しています。一方、事務機器は中国の輸出によって4月に盛り返しました。COVID-19によって、人工呼吸器・モニター・体温計・手指消毒剤・保護マスクなど、医療用品・機器への需要は増加しました。これらの国際貿易はパンデミック初期に収縮しましたが、2・3月に盛り返し、4月には倍増しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTADはまた、6月16日に外国直接投資(FDI)に関する報告書を公表しました。2020年に40％と急激に落ち込み、2019年の1.54兆ドルから2005年来はじめて1兆ドルを割り込むことになります。2021年にも5－10％の落ち込みが予想され、回復は2020年まで期待できないとしています。FDIにとって、パンデミックは供給・需要・政策ショックであり、ロックダウンは既存の投資プロジェクトの遅延をもたらしています。大不況の予測の下で多国籍企業は新規プロジェクトを見直しており、政策により新規投資にもブレーキがかかるでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFDIの落ち込みにより途上国が最大の影響を被ると予測されます。2020年の投資フローの下落率は、アフリカで25-40%、アジア途上国で～45％、ラテンアメリカで半減、すると予測されています。世界FDIの殆どを占める世界上位5000の多国籍企業は、今年の収益が平均で40％落ち込むことを見込んでおり、産業によっては損失を計上するでしょう。低利益はFDIの50％以上を占める再投資収益に負の影響をもたらすと予測されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD. Global trade continues nosedive, UNCTAD forecasts 20% drop in 2020. 11 June 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2392\u0022\u003Ehttps://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2392\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD.\u0026nbsp; Global foreign direct investment projected to plunge 40% in 2020. 16 June 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2396\u0022\u003Ehttps://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2396\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) forecasted\u0026nbsp;a 20% drop in international trade and a 40% drop in foreign direct investment in 2020.\u0026nbsp;According to the latest data from the UNCTAD Quarterly Global Trade Update, merchandise\u0026nbsp;trade is expected\u0026nbsp;fell\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;5% in the first quarter of this year,\u0026nbsp;and is expected to fall by\u0026nbsp;27% in the second quarter and\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;20%\u0026nbsp;annual decline\u0026nbsp;in 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report shows that the economic disruptions due to COVID-19 have affected all countries and is\u0026nbsp;expected to be particularly devastating\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;developing countries.\u0026nbsp;In particular,\u0026nbsp;exports fall due to slumping demand in customer markets\u0026nbsp;in developing countries and the drop in imports\u0026nbsp;would\u0026nbsp;be affected not only by domestic demand, but also by foreign exchange, which reflects concerns about debt and shortages of foreign currency.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe latest UNCTAD\u0026nbsp;data\u0026nbsp;on international trade are available\u0026nbsp;in the first edition of the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/ditcmisc2020d2_en.pdf\u0022\u003EGlobal Trade Update\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Details of the global flows of foreign direct investment (FDI)\u0026nbsp;are available in the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2020_en.pdf\u0022\u003EWorld Investment Report 2020: International Production Beyond the Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2392\u0022\u003EGlobal trade continues nosedive, UNCTAD forecasts 20% drop in 2020\u003C/a\u003E. 11 June 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNCTAD.\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/pages/newsdetails.aspx?OriginalVersionID=2396\u0022\u003EGlobal foreign direct investment projected to plunge 40% in 2020\u003C/a\u003E. 16 June 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200622_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_18#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "70. Nature Food Editorial: Public-private Roles Beyond Crop Yields", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "70. Nature Food Editorial: Public-private Roles Beyond Crop Yields", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In June 2020, Nature Food published an editorial article (Public-private roles beyond crop yields) on the division of roles between the public and private sectors in agricultural research and development (R\u0026D) for sustainable food production. Funding for breeding programs in the public sector in recent years has threatened public-private sector collaboration aimed at improving agricultural productivity to support a population of around 10 billion by 2050. The private sector tends to focus on applied crop technology from a business perspective of focusing on the market and profit, while the public sector tends to concentrate on research with low profit margins despite high social returns. Decreasing public funding in food and agriculture R\u0026D can affect the sustainability of agricultural systems. The public and private sectors must work together and tackle the food system from a long-term and social perspective.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, Nature Food published an editorial article (Public-private roles beyond crop yields) on the division of roles between the public and private sectors in agricultural research and development (R\u0026D) for sustainable food production. Funding for breeding programs in the public sector in recent years has threatened public-private sector collaboration aimed at improving agricultural productivity to support a population of around 10 billion by 2050. The private sector tends to focus on applied crop technology from a business perspective of focusing on the market and profit, while the public sector tends to concentrate on research with low profit margins despite high social returns. Decreasing public funding in food and agriculture R\u0026D can affect the sustainability of agricultural systems. The public and private sectors must work together and tackle the food system from a long-term and social perspective.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, \u003Cem\u003ENature Food\u003C/em\u003E, an online journal on all aspects of food production, distribution and consumption that contribute to human health\u0026nbsp;published an editorial article entitled “Public-private roles beyond crop yields”\u0026nbsp;focusing on the coordinated efforts\u0026nbsp;in agricultural research and development (R\u0026amp;D) for sustainable food production\u0026nbsp;that must be pursued by the public and private sectors.\u0026nbsp;Funding for breeding programs in the public sector in recent years has threatened public-private sector collaboration aimed at improving agricultural productivity to support a population of around 10 billion by 2050. The private sector tends to focus on applied crop technology from a business perspective of focusing on the market and profit, while the public sector tends to concentrate on research with low profit margins despite high social returns.\u0026nbsp;Decreasing public funding in food and agriculture\u0026nbsp;R\u0026amp;D can affect the sustainability of agricultural systems. The public and private sectors must work together\u0026nbsp;and tackle\u0026nbsp;the food system from a long-term and social perspective.\u0026nbsp;The editorial article is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0109-7\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEditorial. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0109-7\u0022\u003EPublic–private roles beyond crop yields\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Food 1, 311 (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, \u003Cem\u003ENature Food\u003C/em\u003E, an online journal on all aspects of food production, distribution and consumption that contribute to human health\u0026nbsp;published an editorial article entitled “Public-private roles beyond crop yields”\u0026nbsp;focusing on the coordinated efforts\u0026nbsp;in agricultural research and development (R\u0026amp;D) for sustainable food production\u0026nbsp;that must be pursued by the public and private sectors.\u0026nbsp;Funding for breeding programs in the public sector in recent years has threatened public-private sector collaboration aimed at improving agricultural productivity to support a population of around 10 billion by 2050. The private sector tends to focus on applied crop technology from a business perspective of focusing on the market and profit, while the public sector tends to concentrate on research with low profit margins despite high social returns.\u0026nbsp;Decreasing public funding in food and agriculture\u0026nbsp;R\u0026amp;D can affect the sustainability of agricultural systems. The public and private sectors must work together\u0026nbsp;and tackle\u0026nbsp;the food system from a long-term and social perspective.\u0026nbsp;The editorial article is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0109-7\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEditorial. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0109-7\u0022\u003EPublic–private roles beyond crop yields\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Food 1, 311 (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200623#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "70. Nature Food論説: 持続的食料生産のための農業研究開発(R\u0026D)における官民の役割", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "70. Nature Food Editorial: Public-private Roles Beyond Crop Yields", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月、Nature Food誌は、持続的食料生産のための農業研究開発(R\u0026D) における官民の役割分担についての論説 (Public-private roles beyond crop yields) を発表しました。近年の公的部門における育種プログラムへの資金難は、2050年までに約100億人の人口を養うための農業生産性改善を目指す官民セクターによる協調を脅かしています。民間部門がマーケット・利益重視というビジネス視点から応用作物技術を重視する傾向に対し、公的部門は高い社会的リターンがありながらも利益率が低い研究に偏る傾向があります。公的機関によるR\u0026D削減は、農業システムの持続性に影響を与えかねません。官民セクターは、フードシステムについて長期的・社会的な視点から協力して取り組まなければなりません。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, Nature Food published an editorial article (Public-private roles beyond crop yields) on the division of roles between the public and private sectors in agricultural research and development (R\u0026D) for sustainable food production. Funding for breeding programs in the public sector in recent years has threatened public-private sector collaboration aimed at improving agricultural productivity to support a population of around 10 billion by 2050. The private sector tends to focus on applied crop technology from a business perspective of focusing on the market and profit, while the public sector tends to concentrate on research with low profit margins despite high social returns. Decreasing public funding in food and agriculture R\u0026D can affect the sustainability of agricultural systems. The public and private sectors must work together and tackle the food system from a long-term and social perspective.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月、Nature Food誌は、持続的食料生産のための農業研究開発(R\u0026amp;D) における官民の役割分担についての論説 (Public-private roles beyond crop yields)を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E近年の公的部門における育種プログラムへの資金難は、2050年までに約100億人の人口を養うための農業生産性改善を目指す官民セクターによる協調を脅かしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E過去60年間、収量の向上は、世界穀物生産増強を促してきました。近年、農業生産を維持する上で、土地不足・気候変動・土壌肥沃度の喪失・穀物収量向上トレンドの平坦化・作物の栄養の質の劣化、といった複雑な課題が次第に顕在化しています。作物研究への資金難は、技術進歩とイノベーションに妥協を強いることになります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E従来、技術イノベーションは世界的な作物収量向上の上で重要な役割を果たしてきました。1950～1960年代の緑の革命は高収量穀物品種・灌漑設備・化学肥料や農薬・新たな栽培法などの開発を促しました。マーカー利用選抜や遺伝子工学など農業バイオテクノロジーは、作物・家畜の選抜と育種を加速し、作物管理の向上に貢献してきました。現在は農業にとって新時代の到達と言え、人工知能や機械学習、精密農業を可能にするツールによって、グローバル・フードシステムを人類と地球に資するよう転換する潜在性を秘めています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E他方、1991年～2000年に西ヨーロッパの高収量国で冬小麦収量は頭打ちとなるなど、世界的に作物収量の伸びが停滞する中、グローバル・フードシステム転換は資金調達の問題を避けては通れません。さらなる収量向上達成には、遺伝資源のポテンシャル理解の向上、土壌条件の改善、バイオテクノロジー絡みの規制緩和、栽培システムの持続性向上を含む、圃場現場ごとの多数多様な要因のファインチューニングが要請されます。農業コミュニティをとりまく状況やニーズの多様性を鑑みれば、今後、官民セクター双方からのスキル・知識・資源を結集する必要があります。この点からみると、近年の動向は公的部門のキャパシティの弱体化の元凶となっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E公的部門における食料・農業R\u0026amp;Dへの資金は多くの国で減少傾向を経験しています。アメリカでは、2003年から2013年の間、公的農業R\u0026amp;Dは60憶ドルから45億ドルに減少しました。結果として、多くの公的機関における研究プログラムが影響を受けています。例えば、過去20年間、国・連邦による資金支援の打ち切りにより、作物育種プログラムは縮小され、多くの作物が研究の対象から外れました。最近の調査によると、過去5年、アメリカの公的機関において、フルタイム相当の育種プログラムリーダーは推定で21％、技術支援スタッフは18％削減されました。同様の傾向は民間部門では顕著ではありません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農業R\u0026amp;Dへの民間支出は1990年～2014年の間、51憶ドルから156憶ドルへと増加傾向にあります。アメリカでは、民間部門の資金は、インフレ調整済の実質値で2008年から2013年に60％以上増加、とりわけ種子企業が急激に投資を拡大させました。2010年までに農業インプットへの民間R\u0026amp;Dは公共R\u0026amp;Dを超えており、今や農業生産性向上技術の開発において、民間部門は重要な役割を担っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれら資金パターンは、持続的作物生産における複雑な課題への対応に影響を与えます。大学や公共機関は、伝統的に時間はかかっても主要な農業イノベーションに繋がりうる基礎研究に注力してきました。これに対し、民間部門はマーケット・利益重視というビジネス視点から応用作物技術を重視する傾向がありました。公共部門が行う応用研究は、十分なサービスを享受できないコミュニティに寄り添い、高い社会的リターンがありながらも利益率が低い長期プログラムに偏る傾向があります。加えて、公的機関が実施してきた教育やトレーニング機会が減らされると、高度人材不足に陥りかねず、公共部門における投資削減は農業システムの持続性に影響を与えかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E公共部門における応用作物研究プログラムの強靭性構築のための役割・責任・方策・資金を見極める上で、政府・学術調査機関・民間企業は協力する必要があります。その上で、フードシステムについて長期的・社会的な視点から取り組まなければなりません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEditorial. Public–private roles beyond crop yields. Nat Food 1, 311 (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0109-7\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0109-7\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, \u003Cem\u003ENature Food\u003C/em\u003E, an online journal on all aspects of food production, distribution and consumption that contribute to human health\u0026nbsp;published an editorial article entitled “Public-private roles beyond crop yields”\u0026nbsp;focusing on the coordinated efforts\u0026nbsp;in agricultural research and development (R\u0026amp;D) for sustainable food production\u0026nbsp;that must be pursued by the public and private sectors.\u0026nbsp;Funding for breeding programs in the public sector in recent years has threatened public-private sector collaboration aimed at improving agricultural productivity to support a population of around 10 billion by 2050. The private sector tends to focus on applied crop technology from a business perspective of focusing on the market and profit, while the public sector tends to concentrate on research with low profit margins despite high social returns.\u0026nbsp;Decreasing public funding in food and agriculture\u0026nbsp;R\u0026amp;D can affect the sustainability of agricultural systems. The public and private sectors must work together\u0026nbsp;and tackle\u0026nbsp;the food system from a long-term and social perspective.\u0026nbsp;The editorial article is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0109-7\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEditorial. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0109-7\u0022\u003EPublic–private roles beyond crop yields\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Food 1, 311 (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200623_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_6#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "71. Mammal Review: Emerging Zoonotic Diseases and Land-use Change", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "71. Mammal Review: Emerging Zoonotic Diseases and Land-use Change", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In June 2020, Mammal Review published a paper entitled “Emerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land-use change”, focusing on how various anthropogenic land-use changes (LUC) such as deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural intensification facilitate the transmission of zoonotic diseases from mammals to humans.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, Mammal Review published a paper entitled “Emerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land-use change”, focusing on how various anthropogenic land-use changes (LUC) such as deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural intensification facilitate the transmission of zoonotic diseases from mammals to humans.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020,\u0026nbsp;Mammal Review\u0026nbsp;published a paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“Emerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land-use\u0026nbsp;change”,\u0026nbsp;focusing on\u0026nbsp;how various\u0026nbsp;anthropogenic land-use\u0026nbsp;changes (LUC)\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural\u0026nbsp;intensification\u0026nbsp;facilitate\u0026nbsp;the transmission of zoonotic diseases from mammals to humans.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;paper systematically\u0026nbsp;reviewed\u0026nbsp;the studies on zoonotic diseases and\u0026nbsp;anthropogenic\u0026nbsp;LUC involving\u0026nbsp;the pathogens\u0026nbsp;and the most prominent mammalian\u0026nbsp;sources such as\u0026nbsp;rodents, livestock, carnivores, non-human primates and bats.\u0026nbsp;As\u0026nbsp;the spread of zoonotic diseases from animals to humans is related to agricultural intensification in several ways, changes in the habitat\u0026nbsp;of host\u0026nbsp;mammals\u0026nbsp;also alter\u0026nbsp;their\u0026nbsp;behaviors, impacting the pathogens they carry and the probability of disease spreading to humans.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe paper\u0026nbsp;concluded\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;the recent COVID‐19 pandemic highlights the urgent need to understand how anthropogenic LUC affects the risk of spillover to humans and spread of zoonotic diseases originating in mammals.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhite, R.J. and Razgour, O.\u0026nbsp;(2020)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mam.12201\u0022\u003EEmerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land‐use change\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Mammal Review\u0026nbsp;https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mam.12201\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020,\u0026nbsp;Mammal Review\u0026nbsp;published a paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“Emerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land-use\u0026nbsp;change”,\u0026nbsp;focusing on\u0026nbsp;how various\u0026nbsp;anthropogenic land-use\u0026nbsp;changes (LUC)\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural\u0026nbsp;intensification\u0026nbsp;facilitate\u0026nbsp;the transmission of zoonotic diseases from mammals to humans.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;paper systematically\u0026nbsp;reviewed\u0026nbsp;the studies on zoonotic diseases and\u0026nbsp;anthropogenic\u0026nbsp;LUC involving\u0026nbsp;the pathogens\u0026nbsp;and the most prominent mammalian\u0026nbsp;sources such as\u0026nbsp;rodents, livestock, carnivores, non-human primates and bats.\u0026nbsp;As\u0026nbsp;the spread of zoonotic diseases from animals to humans is related to agricultural intensification in several ways, changes in the habitat\u0026nbsp;of host\u0026nbsp;mammals\u0026nbsp;also alter\u0026nbsp;their\u0026nbsp;behaviors, impacting the pathogens they carry and the probability of disease spreading to humans.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe paper\u0026nbsp;concluded\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;the recent COVID‐19 pandemic highlights the urgent need to understand how anthropogenic LUC affects the risk of spillover to humans and spread of zoonotic diseases originating in mammals.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhite, R.J. and Razgour, O.\u0026nbsp;(2020)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mam.12201\u0022\u003EEmerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land‐use change\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Mammal Review\u0026nbsp;https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mam.12201\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200624#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "71. 土地利用変化と新規人獣共通感染症", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "71. Mammal Review: Emerging Zoonotic Diseases and Land-use Change", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月、Mammal Review誌は、論文「哺乳類由来の新規人獣共通感染症：人為的土地利用変化の影響に関するシステマティック・レビュー　Emerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land‐use change」を発表、森林破壊、都市化、農業集約化などの人為的土地利用が、哺乳類から人間への人獣共通感染症の感染に与える影響について、システマティック・レビューを行いました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックは、人為的な土地利用変化が原因となり、哺乳類由来の人獣共通感染症が人類に拡散するリスクを理解する喫緊の必要性を炙り出しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, Mammal Review published a paper entitled “Emerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land-use change”, focusing on how various anthropogenic land-use changes (LUC) such as deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural intensification facilitate the transmission of zoonotic diseases from mammals to humans.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月にMammal Review誌に公表された論文「哺乳類由来の新規人獣共通感染症：人為的土地利用変化の影響に関するシステマティック・レビュー　Emerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land‐use change」では、森林破壊、都市化、農業集約化などの人為的土地利用が、哺乳類から人間への人獣共通感染症の感染に与えた影響に関するシステマチック・レビュー※の結果を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本論文がレビューした研究は、げっ歯類、家畜、肉食動物、人間以外の霊長類、コウモリ、など、様々な哺乳類をカバーしています。動物から人間への人獣共通感染症の拡散は、農業の集約化に関連しています。例えば、Q熱*の有病率はヒツジやヤギの飼養密度と関連しています。とくに、多くの家畜を狭い空間に閉じ込める商業畜産システムは病原菌の拡散をゆるします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの他、森林破壊や都市化も人獣共通感染症の要因として挙げられます。両者とも、げっ歯類の生息地と個体数動態に影響を与え、ペスト菌が再発現するリスクを高めます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界人口の拡大と資源への需要増大に伴い、森林破壊、都市化、農業集約化など人為的土地利用変化が進行すれば、今後も人獣共通感染症の病原菌拡散と感染リスクは高まるでしょう。研究を概観すると、家畜は農業集約化との関係、肉食動物は都市化と寄生虫との関係、コウモリは森林破壊とウイルスの関係、霊長類は生息地の分断と原生動物との関係、を通じて分析される傾向があります\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人獣共通感染症がいかに発現し、人為的土地利用変化に応じて拡散するのかを予測するには、宿主となる生態系と病原菌体系、病気の拡散の関係について、さらなる実証研究・総合的なデータ解析が必要です。COVID-19パンデミックは、人為的な土地利用変化が原因となり、哺乳類由来の人獣共通感染症が人類に拡散するリスクを理解する喫緊の必要性を炙り出しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E※システマティック・レビュー：ランダム化比較試験（RCT）などの質の高い複数の臨床研究を，複数の専門家や研究者が作成者となって，一定の基準と一定の方法に基づいてとりまとめた総説\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*Q熱：(Wikipedia) Q熱（Q fever）とは、人獣共通感染症の1つ。ニュージーランドを除く全世界で発生が見られる。Q熱という病名は、英語の「不明 (Query) 熱」に由来している。1935年にオーストラリアの屠畜場の従業員間で原因不明の熱性疾患が流行したのが、最初の報告である。日本においても年間30例程度のヒトの症例報告がある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhite, R.J. and Razgour, O., Emerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land‐use change. Mammal Review, Early View. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mam.12201\u0022\u003Ehttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mam.12201\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020,\u0026nbsp;Mammal Review\u0026nbsp;published a paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“Emerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land-use\u0026nbsp;change”,\u0026nbsp;focusing on\u0026nbsp;how various\u0026nbsp;anthropogenic land-use\u0026nbsp;changes (LUC)\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural\u0026nbsp;intensification\u0026nbsp;facilitate\u0026nbsp;the transmission of zoonotic diseases from mammals to humans.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;paper systematically\u0026nbsp;reviewed\u0026nbsp;the studies on zoonotic diseases and\u0026nbsp;anthropogenic\u0026nbsp;LUC involving\u0026nbsp;the pathogens\u0026nbsp;and the most prominent mammalian\u0026nbsp;sources such as\u0026nbsp;rodents, livestock, carnivores, non-human primates and bats.\u0026nbsp;As\u0026nbsp;the spread of zoonotic diseases from animals to humans is related to agricultural intensification in several ways, changes in the habitat\u0026nbsp;of host\u0026nbsp;mammals\u0026nbsp;also alter\u0026nbsp;their\u0026nbsp;behaviors, impacting the pathogens they carry and the probability of disease spreading to humans.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe paper\u0026nbsp;concluded\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;the recent COVID‐19 pandemic highlights the urgent need to understand how anthropogenic LUC affects the risk of spillover to humans and spread of zoonotic diseases originating in mammals.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWhite, R.J. and Razgour, O.\u0026nbsp;(2020)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mam.12201\u0022\u003EEmerging zoonotic diseases originating in mammals: a systematic review of effects of anthropogenic land‐use change\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Mammal Review\u0026nbsp;https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mam.12201\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200624_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_5#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "72. Global Food Security Article: Myths, Realities and Agenda on Agricultural Mechanization in Africa", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "72. Global Food Security Article: Myths, Realities and Agenda on Agricultural Mechanization in Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Global Food Security journal has published a paper examining propositions that resulted in state-led mechanization programs in Africa. The agricultural system in Africa is the least mechanized in the world, and there is a common view is that the introduction of mechanization has not achieved much progress and was even regarded as the “cause of unemployment”. On the other hand, in recent years agricultural mechanization has once again been included in the African development agenda. The authors found that most of the discourses on agricultural mechanization are “myths” with weak evidence, and research to support evidence-supported policies in considering sustainable and comprehensive agricultural mechanization. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Food Security journal has published a paper examining propositions that resulted in state-led mechanization programs in Africa. The agricultural system in Africa is the least mechanized in the world, and there is a common view is that the introduction of mechanization has not achieved much progress and was even regarded as the “cause of unemployment”. On the other hand, in recent years agricultural mechanization has once again been included in the African development agenda. The authors found that most of the discourses on agricultural mechanization are “myths” with weak evidence, and research to support evidence-supported policies in considering sustainable and comprehensive agricultural mechanization. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Global Food Security, a journal that\u0026nbsp;aims to publish papers that contribute to better understanding of economic, social, biophysical, technological, and institutional drivers of current and future global food security, nutrition and food systems\u0026nbsp;has published a paper\u0026nbsp;online entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022Agricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda\u0022. The\u0026nbsp;agricultural system\u0026nbsp;in Africa\u0026nbsp;is the least mechanized in the world, and there is a common\u0026nbsp;view is that the introduction of mechanization\u0026nbsp;has not achieved much progress and was even regarded as the\u0026nbsp;“cause\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;unemployment”. On the other hand, in recent years agricultural mechanization has once again been included in the African development agenda. The authors found that most of the discourses on agricultural mechanization are “myths” with weak evidence, and research to support evidence-supported policies in considering sustainable and comprehensive agricultural mechanization.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThomas Daum, Regina Birner, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100393\u0022\u003EAgricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda\u003C/a\u003E, Global Food Security, Volume 26, 2020, 100393,\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Global Food Security, a journal that\u0026nbsp;aims to publish papers that contribute to better understanding of economic, social, biophysical, technological, and institutional drivers of current and future global food security, nutrition and food systems\u0026nbsp;has published a paper\u0026nbsp;online entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022Agricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda\u0022. The\u0026nbsp;agricultural system\u0026nbsp;in Africa\u0026nbsp;is the least mechanized in the world, and there is a common\u0026nbsp;view is that the introduction of mechanization\u0026nbsp;has not achieved much progress and was even regarded as the\u0026nbsp;“cause\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;unemployment”. On the other hand, in recent years agricultural mechanization has once again been included in the African development agenda. The authors found that most of the discourses on agricultural mechanization are “myths” with weak evidence, and research to support evidence-supported policies in considering sustainable and comprehensive agricultural mechanization.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThomas Daum, Regina Birner, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100393\u0022\u003EAgricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda\u003C/a\u003E, Global Food Security, Volume 26, 2020, 100393,\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200625#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "72. Global Food Security論文: アフリカにおける農業機械化にまつわる俗説・現実・研究アジェンダ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "72. Global Food Security Article: Myths, Realities and Agenda on Agricultural Mechanization in Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Global Food Security誌は、論文「アフリカにおける農業機械化にまつわる俗説・現実・研究アジェンダ」をオンライン公表しました。アフリカ農業システムは、世界で最も機械化が遅れており、長年機械化導入の機が熟していないとの見方が主流の中、「機械化は失業を生み出す」などの言説が広まりました。他方、近年、農業機械化が再びアフリカの開発アジェンダに挙げられるようになっています。著者らは、農業機械化に関する言説の殆どは、エビデンスが弱い「俗説(myths)」であり、持続的で包括的な農業機械化を検討する上で、エビデンスに支えられた政策を支援するための研究アジェンダの提案しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Food Security journal has published a paper examining propositions that resulted in state-led mechanization programs in Africa. The agricultural system in Africa is the least mechanized in the world, and there is a common view is that the introduction of mechanization has not achieved much progress and was even regarded as the “cause of unemployment”. On the other hand, in recent years agricultural mechanization has once again been included in the African development agenda. The authors found that most of the discourses on agricultural mechanization are “myths” with weak evidence, and research to support evidence-supported policies in considering sustainable and comprehensive agricultural mechanization. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Food Security誌は、論文「アフリカにおける農業機械化にまつわる俗説・現実・研究アジェンダAgricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda」をオンライン公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ農業システムは、世界で最も機械化が遅れています。その結果、農民所得と食料栄養安全保障の決定要因でもある農業労総生産性は長年停滞したままでした。1960－70年代に国家主導で機械化を推進する試みがありましたが、ガバナンスの問題で多くが失敗しました。このため、アフリカは機械化導入の機が熟していないとの見方が主流となり、その結果研究も進みませんでした。しかし近年、農業機械化が再びアフリカ開発アジェンダに挙げられるようになり、とりわけ若者を農業に引き付けるために、政府が音頭をとって鍬と舶刀から機械化への移行を目指しています。開発パートナーも機械化推進を開始し、世界の主要な農業機械企業もアフリカを新興市場として認識するようになっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカにおける機械化への関心の高まりの背景として、幾つかの国において、農業集約化と農村賃金上昇により土地造成のための労働不足が潜在化していることがあげられます。人口圧と市場アクセスにより、局地的な農業機械化地域も現れ、たとえばガーナの複数の行政地区では農民の80％が何らかの農業機械を利用しているようです。エチオピアでは、農村賃金上昇と使役用家畜費用の上昇が機械化と正の相関があると報告されています。さらに、インドや中国からの輸入で機械の値段も下がってきています。「中規模農家」の発現は、Uber的な取引費用を削減するモバイルツールを活用したサービスを通じ、賃貸トラクター市場発展の展望を示しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一方、過去の国家主導機械化プログラムの失敗により、機械化に関する研究が停滞する中、「機械化は失業を生み出す」、「小規模農民は機械化によって不利益を被る」といった言説が流行りました。著者らは、こうした９つの言説について文献レビューを通じ検討した結果、それらの殆どは、相反するエビデンス、あるいは全くエビデンスがないものもあり、よって「俗説(myths)」であると結論づけました。こうした俗説は政策・プログラム形成に負の影響を与え、アフリカにおける農業機械化を通じた世界食糧安全保障へ貢献する道を閉ざすことになりかねません。著者は、持続的で包括的な農業機械化のために、エビデンスに支えられた政策を支援するための研究アジェンダの提案を試みています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ諸国、さらに一国内でも、経済条件（土地のアベイラビリティ、農村賃金）、農業気候条件（降雨パターン、作物、土壌タイプ）、社会条件も異なります。地域ごとに農業機械化導入の分析を行い、経済・農業気候・社会的要因を考慮したコンテクストに応じた適切な技術・制度的解決策に基づく政策やプログラム設計が必要となります。このようなアプローチを通じ、失業など農業機械化による潜在的に負の影響を回避することが可能です。本研究では、農業機械化導入において、複合的な視点からのトレードオフに関する研究が十分進んでいないことが判明しました。小規模農民が機械化からの恩恵を享受するには、俗説に惑わされず、エビデンスに基づいた議論が行われるべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThomas Daum, Regina Birner, Agricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda, Global Food Security, Volume 26, 2020, 100393, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100393\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100393\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Global Food Security, a journal that\u0026nbsp;aims to publish papers that contribute to better understanding of economic, social, biophysical, technological, and institutional drivers of current and future global food security, nutrition and food systems\u0026nbsp;has published a paper\u0026nbsp;online entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022Agricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda\u0022. The\u0026nbsp;agricultural system\u0026nbsp;in Africa\u0026nbsp;is the least mechanized in the world, and there is a common\u0026nbsp;view is that the introduction of mechanization\u0026nbsp;has not achieved much progress and was even regarded as the\u0026nbsp;“cause\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;unemployment”. On the other hand, in recent years agricultural mechanization has once again been included in the African development agenda. The authors found that most of the discourses on agricultural mechanization are “myths” with weak evidence, and research to support evidence-supported policies in considering sustainable and comprehensive agricultural mechanization.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThomas Daum, Regina Birner, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100393\u0022\u003EAgricultural mechanization in Africa: Myths, realities and an emerging research agenda\u003C/a\u003E, Global Food Security, Volume 26, 2020, 100393,\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200625_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_4#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "73. FAO Special Feature – COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "73. FAO Special Feature – COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The FAO publication “Food Outlook – Biannual Report on Global Food Markets” includes a special feature entitled “COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis” contributed by Josef Schmidhuber of the Trade and Market Division, Economic and Social Development Department of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The article compared the “Great Lockdown” of 2020 with the “Great Recession” of 2009 focusing on international food markets, identifying differences and commonalities across countries and commodities, and providing an informative benchmark on how to return the market functioning to normality, even if the pandemic continues. \r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The FAO publication “Food Outlook – Biannual Report on Global Food Markets” includes a special feature entitled “COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis” contributed by Josef Schmidhuber of the Trade and Market Division, Economic and Social Development Department of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The article compared the “Great Lockdown” of 2020 with the “Great Recession” of 2009 focusing on international food markets, identifying differences and commonalities across countries and commodities, and providing an informative benchmark on how to return the market functioning to normality, even if the pandemic continues. \r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe FAO publication “Food Outlook – Biannual Report on Global Food Markets” includes a special feature entitled “COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis” contributed by Josef Schmidhuber of the Trade and Market Division, Economic and Social Development Department of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The article compared the “Great Lockdown” of 2020 with the “Great Recession” of 2009 focusing on international food markets, identifying differences and commonalities across countries and commodities, and providing an informative benchmark on how to return the market functioning to normality, even if the pandemic continues.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESchmidhuber J (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9509en/ca9509en.pdf\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis?\u003C/a\u003E In FAO (ed) 2020 Food Outlook - Biannual Report on Global Food Markets: June 2020. Food Outlook, 1:73-61. Rome.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor:\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe FAO publication “Food Outlook – Biannual Report on Global Food Markets” includes a special feature entitled “COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis” contributed by Josef Schmidhuber of the Trade and Market Division, Economic and Social Development Department of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The article compared the “Great Lockdown” of 2020 with the “Great Recession” of 2009 focusing on international food markets, identifying differences and commonalities across countries and commodities, and providing an informative benchmark on how to return the market functioning to normality, even if the pandemic continues.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESchmidhuber J (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9509en/ca9509en.pdf\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis?\u003C/a\u003E In FAO (ed) 2020 Food Outlook - Biannual Report on Global Food Markets: June 2020. Food Outlook, 1:73-61. Rome.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor:\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200625_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "73. FAO特集論文　COVID-19:世界医療危機から世界食料危機へ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "73. FAO Special Feature – COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年６月、食糧農業機関(FAO)は、「COVID-19:世界医療危機から世界食料危機へ」と題する特集論文を公表しました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)という形で生涯において未だかつてない医療危機に世界が直面している今、この特集論文は、現在のパンデミック、すなわち「大封鎖：グレートロックダウン」の影響を国際食料市場に焦点を当てて検証し、市場の機能が正常な状態に戻る手立てについて、基礎となる有益な情報を提供しています。本Pick Upは、著者であるヨゼフ　シュミットューバーFAO貿易市場部・副部長の許可を受けて、論文の全内容を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The FAO publication “Food Outlook – Biannual Report on Global Food Markets” includes a special feature entitled “COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis” contributed by Josef Schmidhuber of the Trade and Market Division, Economic and Social Development Department of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The article compared the “Great Lockdown” of 2020 with the “Great Recession” of 2009 focusing on international food markets, identifying differences and commonalities across countries and commodities, and providing an informative benchmark on how to return the market functioning to normality, even if the pandemic continues. \r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Ch3\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-size: 18px;\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECOVID-19:　世界医療危機から世界食料危機へ\u003Csup\u003E1)\u003C/sup\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際食料市場は供給力を保っているが、サプライチェーンは混乱している。最も弱い人々の食料の入手は、保証されなければならない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eヨゼフ　シュミットューバー\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n国連食糧農業機関(FAO)、貿易市場部、副部長\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp class=\u0022rteright\u0022\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdrupal-entity data-embed-button=\u0022file_browser\u0022 data-entity-embed-display=\u0022image:image\u0022 data-entity-embed-display-settings=\u0022{\u0026quot;image_style\u0026quot;:\u0026quot;\u0026quot;,\u0026quot;image_link\u0026quot;:\u0026quot;\u0026quot;}\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00221cb0e831-773b-4392-9c25-f387454100c3\u0022 data-langcode=\u0022ja\u0022\u003E\u003C/drupal-entity\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp class=\u0022rteright\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/2020/blog_20200629.pdf\u0022\u003EPDF版のダウンロード\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;(1.97MB)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19という形で生涯において未だかつてない医療危機に世界が直面している今、この特集論文は、現在のパンデミック、すなわち「大封鎖：グレートロックダウン」の影響を国際食料市場に焦点を当てて検証する。この市場は、広範に及ぶ経済の変化から隔絶されたものではない。したがって、経済的なショックが、新型ウイルスの農業分野への直接的な効果だけではなく、どのように食料市場に波及するかに注視すべきである。求められる政策的対応に関して、これまでの危機、特に2009年に頂点に達した「大不況」から学ぶべきことは多い\u003Csup\u003E2)\u003C/sup\u003E。たとえ感染率が未だ検証されていないにせよ、この論文は、市場の機能が正常な状態に戻る手立てについて、基礎となる有益な情報を提供するものである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E全体像−我々が期待するもの\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウィルスが急速に拡大する過程で、COVID-19パンデミックが世界農業と食料市場へ与える影響が、次第に明らかとなってきた。この影響の輪郭は、マクロ経済的な環境、エネルギーと信用市場、そしてなにより重要な農業資材市場における投入財価格の変化から形作られている。これらの変化は、前回の世界危機、すなわち大不況に幾分似ている。したがって、この危機から学んだことは、現在進行している経済的な緊急事態から生じる難問へ対処する政策の立案に生かすことができる。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19による世界的な規模の人類の惨事を最もよく示す、ウイルスが経済に与える影響の指標は、GDP成長である。国際通貨基金(IMF)は、最新の世界経済見通し(2020年4月)において、世界的な景気後退は、2020年において、年間の世界のGDPが総額で3%下落することを予測した\u003Csup\u003E3）\u003C/sup\u003E。これは、ほんの0.1%の下落に留まった2009年と対比できる。IMFは、2021年において世界の成長が年間成長率5.8%に立ち直ることを期待している。IMFは、しかしながら、2020年と2021年の累計の生産の損失が、9兆ドルに上ると推定している。IMFの予測は、また、富裕国であろうと貧困国であろうと、経済不況からは逃れることができず、特に高所得国は、深く、長く続く不況を経験することを示唆している。COVID-19のショックの激しさが続くことが予想されるため、IMFは、図1に示すように、四半期に関するGDP成長を大きく減少させた。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新たに予測された経済的環境は、食料の需要、食料の入手、栄養の状況への深い影響を次の年に引き起こすことを示している。重要な問いは、COVID-19が、2007年と2009年に世界が経験したような、本格的な世界食料危機を引き起こすのかどうかである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E今、十分に食料があるだろうか？\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eすべての重要な段階を見据えたとき、問われるべき質問は、現在の世界の食料供給が食料への欲求を満たすことができるかどうかである。この問題に対する一つの伝統的な指標は、世界全体の穀物在庫量と、その「流動性」、すなわち、国際的な舞台において穀物が調達可能かどうかである。2020年当初のCOVID-19危機において、穀物の在庫量は、数年にわたり8億5千万トン前後の高い水準にあった。その数量は、2007/08年における危機当初の数量である4億7,200万トンの倍近くに上り、実際に利用可能な数量と比べても、2007/08年に記録された数量をはるかに超えている。これらの高い水準の在庫量は、負のショック、例えば2020/21年の穀物の生育期における悪天候などに対して、確たる緩衝材となるものである。しかしながら、在庫の絶対量は、緩衝効果のすべてを表すものではない。同じくらい重要なことは、各国および各輸出国、輸入国に対する在庫の配分と、その大きな取引国への集中である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E少数の主要国へ集中している在庫資産の取引可能性とは関係がないが、表1は、多くの国が、前回の危機に比べて、現在の在庫量からの国内向けの主食の配分に関して、有利な位置を占めていることを示している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E表1は、2007/08年と2020/21年における上位1、3、5、7国の穀物在庫の集中率を要約している。すべての計算は、数量を基本としている。この図は、すべての国を対象とした在庫量の集中の程度が、2007/08年においてすでに高いが、時を経るにつれ、さらに高くなることも示している。在庫量の高いシェアは、数カ国のみが手にしている訳ではないが、中国やインドのような、過去に世界価格にほとんど反応してこなかった国に握られている。現在の危機の文脈で見ると、全世界における高水準の在庫量は、たとえばバラ積み施設の崩壊などによる世界のサプライチェーンの混乱の場合を考えると、十分な緩衝容量を保っているとは言えない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E国際的に取引される食料の価格の低下は、フードセキュリティへ恩恵をもたらす\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界全体の基本的な食料価格の上昇は、2007/08年の危機をとりわけ厳しいものとした。失業や所得の減少に加え、消費者は、食料価格の上昇によって購買力が低下したことを経験した。2020年の危機による国際価格の変化は、2007/08年のそれに対して明確なコントラストを見せている。世界的に取引されている食料のすべての取引価格は、年初において低下していた。COVID-19はこの傾向にさらに勢いをつけ、特に砂糖、野菜、植物油、肉類において顕著である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサプライチェーンの大きな崩壊がなければ、予想される経済不況は、食料のより低い価格の傾向が、現在の危機を通して続くことを意味している。国際市場におけるより低い食料価格は、大不況(great recession)に比べると、世界的なフードセキュリティへの関心を減じているだろう。しかしながら、食料の低価格は、食料のサプライチェーンの地域、国内、国際での崩壊を防ぐとは限らない。米ドルに対して現地通貨が頻繁に下落するので、現地通貨でみた食料価格が上昇しないとの保証はできない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E貿易の役割は重要性を増す\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより広い視点で適切な世界の食料供給の重要性を見たとき、食料の輸出国の世界の食料ニーズに応えるという役割の重要性はますます高まっている。食料の国際市場において、各国の輸入依存性(import dependency)\u003Csup\u003E4)\u003C/sup\u003Eは、時を経るにつれ確実に増加し、世界全体のその平均値は約28%である。しかしながら、図3に見るように、食料の輸入への依存の水準は国によって大きく異なり、食料へのニーズの国際市場への依存が98%に上る国もある。事実、国際市場に伝統的に多くを依存する国は、サブサハラアフリカ諸国、南アジア諸国、小島嶼開発途上国(SIDS)などのように経済的に弱い国が多い。それらの国々の窮状の原因は、大きく下落している海外送金に依存していることにある。特にSIDSでは、海外からの送金の減少に加え、ツーリズムに多くを依存しているため、国境閉鎖の影響を大きく受けている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E農産物貿易の分散化は回復力増加の程度を均等化する\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E危機に対する世界の貿易システムの露出の程度は、また、輸出国と輸入国の集中の程度に左右される。輸出国の集中は、輸送の制約や輸出シェアの大きな国での政策介入（輸出制限）に対して市場を敏感に反応させ、輸入国の食料入手を潜在的に危うくする。逆に、輸入国の集中が意味するところは、一つあるいは二つの輸入量の大きな国での急激な需要の減少が、価格に影響を及ぼし、また、農産物輸出に依存する国における収入を減らすところにある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E図4は、輸出国と輸入国の双方における、すべての農産物の集中度の変化を示している\u003Csup\u003E5)\u003C/sup\u003E。2007年から2009年における危機前の状況と2020年の比較は、農産物貿易の集中の程度が、輸出入両面において多くの農産物に関して、減少してきていることを示している。これらは、左下の象限のバブル、すなわち輸入国と輸出国の数が増加している農産物で示される。これは、2020年の危機に際して、より多くの輸出国と輸入国が貿易に参加し、世界の貿易システムが、ショックに対してより高い回復力を持つことを意味する。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E輸入国と輸出国の大きな分散にもかかわらず、この傾向からの顕著な乖離が多く存在する。すなわち、輸入国と輸出国のいずれか、あるいは両方で集中度が高まっている農産物が存在する。この輸入と輸出の両方でより集中度が高まっている農産物は、図4の右上の象限に示されている（輸入の集中、輸出の集中）。コメとパーム油に加えて、このグループの中で最も重要な農産物は、中国が世界全体の輸入量の65%近くを占めるようになった大豆である。大豆の輸出も、米国、ブラジル、アルゼンチン、最近ではパラグアイなど、少ない国の手にある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19危機の影響を受けた輸出国と輸入国の数が増えるにつれ、多様化が進むと、農産物貿易システムに回復力が付与される。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022small\u0022\u003E\r\n\u003Cp\u003E訳注）「より大きな分散」を「分散」、「より小さい分散」を「集中」とした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E輸入余力(import capacity)と貿易競争力に関する為替レートの問題\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\u003C/div\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年のCOVID-19危機に際して直ちに得られた結果の一つは、為替レートの悪影響である。図5は、貿易加重の米ドル指数が絶えず上昇してきたことを示し、図6に示す低所得食料不足国(LIFDC)が、国際食料価格が低下したときでさえ、食料の購入に苦しんでいることを示唆している。LIFDCは、交換可能な通貨を持たず、国際市場での食料の調達は、外貨準備に大きく依存している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eしかしながら、米ドル高により、米国以外の輸出国の競争力が高まり、米ドル建て商品価格、特に低いエネルギー価格と高い輸出可能性の影響を受けるトウモロコシ、砂糖の価格が低下した。しかしながら、中期を超える期間の場合、予想されるより高い農産物価格と結びついた強い米ドルは、農産物の輸出国にインフレーションの圧力を加える（図7）。それはまた、近年特に増加を見た米ドル表示された負債の問題を浮き彫りにするものでもある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Eエネルギー、バイオ燃料、農業資材の現在の価格の傾向は、食料生産者を助けている\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農業は、一般に、エネルギー集約的な産業であり、特に近代的で大規模な企業経営ではその傾向にある。2020年におけるエネルギー価格の絶対水準の傾向は、2007/08年でのそれとは全く異なる。2007-2008年において、ウェスト・テキサス・インターメディエイト(WTI)原油価格は、大きな上昇を経験し、2008年中頃には頂点に達し、月平均値で1バレル140ドルに近づく水準となった2020年の4月には、対照的に、原油価格(WTI)は、月平均値で1バレル20ドル以下まで下落し、1日では1バレル12ドル以下への下落を見た\u003Csup\u003E6)\u003C/sup\u003E。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2007/08年において、エネルギー価格の上昇は、非常に大きかったので、農産物はエネルギー市場にとって競争力のある原材料となり、食料市場からバイオ燃料市場へ吸い取られる農産物の数量が増加した。最も直接的な影響は、バイオ燃料の原料としての目に見える需要だったが、間接的な影響は、需要側の代替および供給側の作物の作付け地の競合を通して生じ、すべての農産物の価格を上昇させた。ドライバーの完全に逆の組み合わせが、COVID-19危機の当初以来続いている。エネルギー価格の急激な低下（図8）は、エタノールとバイオディーゼル価格を崩壊させ、時を移さず、トウモロコシ、砂糖、植物油などのバイオ燃料の原料の需要を減少させ、価格を低下させた。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより一般的には、より低いエネルギー価格は、いくつかの経路を通じて、農業生産費に影響を与える。直接的な影響には、耕運、潅漑、輸送で動力を要する機械化された農業におけるエネルギー費用の低下が含まれる。間接的な影響は、潤滑油、殺虫剤、電力などのエネルギー集約的な投入材のより低い費用、あるいは低い肥料価格を通じて現れる。これらの概して低い費用は、農家所得の自動的な安定装置として機能し、基礎的な食料の価格を低下させる圧力となり、COVID-19の食料と農業に対する直接的な影響を弱める。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E信用市場は逼迫し、低所得国において負債は大きく積み上がっている\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E大不況の場合と同じく、2020年の危機も、信用市場に負の影響を与えることが予想されている。その負の影響は、外貨が大きく不足している途上国に大きな打撃を与え、著しく値を下げた為替レートと、低い生産物とエネルギーの価格は、負債の利息を払うことを難しくしている。COVID-19危機への対応において、世界中の多くの中央銀行は、利子率を低くするように介入している。これらの対処にもかかわらず、新たな資本の借り入れの市場利子率は、しばしば上昇し、特に低所得国においてその傾向が強い。Jubilee Debt Campaign\u003Csup\u003E7)\u003C/sup\u003Eは、利子率が、2月中旬以降、低・中所得国において平均で3.5%ポイント上昇し、新たな借り入れでは、10%に上ると報告している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E私的あるいは公的な企業などの非金融組織による私的な負債の蓄積は、途上国の負債合計の1/3近くに上り（先進国における比率よりも非常に高い）、注意を要する。国連貿易開発会議(UNCTAD)\u003Csup\u003E8)\u003C/sup\u003Eによると、元々変動の大きな「海外の影の信用制度」は、この負債の蓄積に油を注ぐ役割を演じている。負債に対する弱さは、低所得開発途上国(LIDC)の大半で見られるが、その4割程度は、今、負債に関連した厳しい問題に直面している。サブサハラアフリカ諸国において、12カ国中9カ国は、「低いあるいは並のリスク」から「高リスクあるいは借金苦(debt distress)」に陥った。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E資本調達費の増加は、特に資本集約的な形態の農業に影響を与えるように思われる。資本市場は、（様々な影響の）伝達の重要な経路になり得るが、資本集約的な農業に対しては、負の影響を与えている。この資本調達費の増加は、2012年の先の価格高騰以来、多くの財を輸入しているLIDCにおける交易条件をさらに悪化させている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Eサプライチェーンの崩壊は大きな障害を引き起こす\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農業と食料のサプライチェーンは、（特に高価格の作物、肉類、魚類に関して）労働集約的であり、大封鎖(Great Lockdown)から、非常に強い影響を受けている。労働市場でのショックは、労働者、特に移民労働力の移動制限から生じるものであり、COVID-19の直接的な健康への影響は、生産、収穫、食品加工における労働者の能力を直接的に圧迫している。労働力は、職業上の健康と安全の水準の低下によっても影響される。加えて、COVID-19は、国内あるいは海外の消費者への食料の移動に、輸送を通して大きな影響を与えている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eバラ積み：世界全体への財の発送費用の基準であるバルチック海運指数は、この25年間で最も低い水準に留まっている（図9）。2020年の第1四半期において、この指数は、新型コロナウィルスの急速な拡大にともない、バラ積み船の発送の制限と低下した需要によって、40％以上滑り落ちた。この指数は、中国の産業活動の緩やかな再開に伴う輸送船需要の増加によって、2020年4月において再び上昇を始めた。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eコンテナとトラック輸送：バラ積みの出荷の混乱は小さく、価格の上昇圧はなかったが、コンテナとトラックによる輸送はすでにCOVID-19の発生によって影響されている。これらは、主に、二次港、陸に囲まれた国への輸送のための積み替え、大きな国でのトラック輸送に影響を与えている。たとえば、4月から5月に収穫期を迎える熱帯果実の東南アジアからの出荷は、上海と天津の港湾での貨物の密集によって混乱し\u003Csup\u003E9)\u003C/sup\u003E、生産物が腐敗しやすいために多額の損失を計上した。もう一つの例として、アフリカ豚熱に対応した豚肉輸入の増加に起因した著しいコンテナの不足によって、貨物の混乱が増加していることが挙げられる。検疫措置による卸売市場が閉鎖は、販売をさらに阻害している。コンテナでの出荷は過度の緊迫下にあるだけではなく、検疫規制、産業の対応、あるいは実際の病気のためのトラックドライバーの不足について、初期段階で報告があったところである。ブラジルとアルゼンチンのいくつかの港湾では、ストライキが予告されている。もしこれらが現実となれば、ブラジルの大豆出荷がピークを迎える4月と5月には非常に大きな混乱となるだろう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E航空輸送：いわゆる旅客機の「腹」は、高価な財や食料の輸送に用いられ、世界の国境を越える小さいがしかし重要な役割を担っている。世界中で旅客輸送が崩壊しているが、航空輸送もそれに追随している。貨物機の輸送量は若干増加しているが、旅客機の腹の1日あたりの国際的な利用可能な容量は、3月の最後の週において、80％低かった。同時期において、航空貨物輸送の需要は堅調である。港湾周辺のサプライチェーンは圧力の下にさらされているが、航空輸送は、輸入国と輸出国において採算が取れる選択肢として残っている。結果として、生産物のkgあたりあるいはトンあたりで計られる航空輸送の価格は、上昇している。前回の危機の水準に比べて、アジア太平洋地域において、価格は2割から3割上昇すると推定され、香港から北京のようないくつかの空路では、5割ほど上昇すると見込まれている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2020年契約に見込まれる食料と農業の貿易の概略\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eより低い所得とサプライチェーンの崩壊は、すべての商業貿易が2020年において13%から32％減少することを示している\u003Csup\u003E10)\u003C/sup\u003E。世界貿易機関(WTO)は、範囲は限定されているが、2021年に貿易は回復すると期待している。農産物貿易は、著しく契約が増加すると予測されているものの（図10）、すべての財とサービスの平均ほどではない。農産物貿易は、商業貿易全体ほど影響されないことを多くの要因が示唆している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまず、農産物の需要は、相対的に所得に非弾力的であり、すべての財の中で食料は基礎的な生産物であり、輸入代替の選択、すなわち食料輸入品を国内生産物で置き換えることは、少なくとも短期間では限られる。第二に、かなりの部分の農業貿易（特に穀物と油料種子(oilseed complex)の生産物）は、バラ積みの形をとり、資本集約的で、多くの輸送経路は人間が関わることが少なく高度に自動化されている。健康を理由とした崩壊は、疑いなく生じるが、貿易の流れの阻害を長引かせるとは思われない。果実や野菜、畜産物、水産物などの高価格で腐敗しやすい農産物は、加工食品と同様にバラ積みで出荷されることはほとんどないため、COVID-19の影響は、明確な形で現れ、供給に起因する栄養状態の悪化を導き、消費者は、所得が低下しなくとも、このような食料に接することは難しいだろう。第三に、グローバルフードバリューチェーンは、その複雑さを増しているが、食料と農業における労働の国際部門は、他の部門に比べて目立ったところはない。最後に、食料の国際価格は、低下を始めているが、これは、輸出禁止措置や高関税などの貿易を制限する広く取られている措置を緩和するものである。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch4\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E世界的な食料危機なのか\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/h4\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの特集論文で示した分析は、COVID-19が引き起こした世界の食料危機が、切迫した状況にはないことを示唆している。事実、世界の食料経済は、2007/08年の世界的な食料危機や続く2009年の不況でのショックでは準備不足だったが、これは2020年の状況に対しては言えない。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の食料生産の見通しは、楽観的なものであり、在庫水準は高く、国際食料価格は低く、貿易は、より多くの輸入国と輸出国を含む広範囲なものであり、バラ積み輸送の費用は低く押さえられ、肥料や他の投入材の価格は安定し、エネルギー価格は崩壊し、バイオ燃料との競合は、事実上終焉を迎えている。2020年における政策立案者は、世界危機を経験し、異論のあるところではあるが、より多くの情報が提供され、準備が進められている。高所得国において、中央銀行は、金融緩和の手段によく通じ、追加的な融資のニーズに応える新たな手段を加えてきている。財政面において、政府は、支出の制約を緩やかにしてきている。しかしながら、低所得国の外貨を含む高く積み上がった負債は、信用危機と結果としての財務不履行を誘発する可能性がある。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E不均衡を均衡させる市場の力、すなわち「世界的な安定化装置」の重要性は、国際的なフードセキュリティの基礎を強固なものにする鍵である。これらの安定化装置を働かせるためには、物流と流通に対する障害に対処し、克服する必要がある。関連して、政府は、国内および国際貿易が、開放的であり摩擦がない状態に維持され、制約から自由であり、量的な食料需要と栄養格差を満たすように、保証されることの重要性を認識すべきである。これはまた、税関、国境、港湾における素早い対応を意味している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E食料が最も基礎的なニーズであるという自明の理は、農家と農業労働者が、COVID-19との戦いに従事する医療従事者と同じ土台に位置することを要求する。同様に、世界と各国の食料システムは、飢餓と栄養不良問題を拡大させないという点で、医療システムと同等と見なされなければならない。これは、同様に、農家が、利用可能な融資を用いて、経営を維持し、生産性向上に投資し、また、消費者が、市場において、普通に食料を調達する機会を持ち、必要な栄養を取ることを求める。食料を多く輸入に依存しているSIDSは、パンデミックの影響を管理するための財政的手段を持っていない。すでに、虫害や病害（バッタ、アフリカ豚熱）の急増、異常気象、安全保障の悪化（内戦）など、他の危機に直面しているサブサハラアフリカにおいて局所的に強くショックを受けやすい国は、脆弱である。彼らの社会は、生計への脅威の増大と共に所得獲得の機会の喪失に直面している。これらの国々で弱い立場にある人々を保護し、食料不安の悪化を回避するためには、国際的な協力的支援と介入が不可欠である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eこの特集論文は、Schmidhuber \u0026amp; Qiao, \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca8833en/CA8833EN.pdf\u0022\u003Ewww.fao.org/3/ca8833en/CA8833EN.pdf\u003C/a\u003Eの分析に基づいている。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界の食料と農業に関して、大不況は、2007年から2009年にかけての2つの危機を合わせたものと見なされる。最初の2007/08の危機は、主として食料と農業に限定されたもので、世界の食料・農業部門での供給と需要の両方のショックから生じた。2009年の危機は、外部からの需要側に対するショックで、2009年における経済活動全体の大きな縮小を招き、大不況として知られている。この食料見通しの特集論文で大不況に触れる際には、2007/08年の世界食料危機と2009年の大不況を区別する。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2020/04/14/weo-april-2020\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2020/04/14/weo-april-2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E輸入依存性の計算については、\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca8833en/CA8833EN.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca8833en/CA8833EN.pdf\u003C/a\u003Eを参照されたい。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eこの変化とは、2つの危機の前後の平均のハーフィンダル-ハーシュマン指数(HHI)の差、すなわち2013-2017年のHHIと2003-2007年のHHIの差である。この計算では、すべての農産物を対象とした。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E2020年4月20日において、WTIの期近先物の相場は、1バレルあたりマイナス35ドルの水準で取引を終えた。これは、5月での配送をさけるために期近先物をロールオーバーする必要があったためである。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EJubilee Debt Campaign [online]. London. [2020年4月27日アクセス]. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://jubileedebt.org.uk/\u0022\u003Ehttps://jubileedebt.org.uk/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EUNCTAD (2020) The coronavirus shock: a story of another global crisis foretold. Geneva.参照。次のサイトも利用可能である。\u003Ca href=\u0022https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/gds_tdr2019_update_coronavirus.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/gds_tdr2019_update_coronavirus.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EHey, J. (2020) Coronavirus: measuring the market impact. In: fruitnet [online]. London. [2020年4月27日アクセス]. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fruitnet.com/asiafruit/article/181021/\u0022\u003Ewww.fruitnet.com/asiafruit/article/181021/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EWorld Trade Organization. (2020). Trade set to plunge as COVID-19 pandemic upends global economy. Geneva.参照。次のサイトも利用可能である。\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\t\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres20_e/pr855_e.htm\u0022\u003Ewww.wto.org/english/news_e/pres20_e/pr855_e.htm\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E訳者注：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E原文は、下記に示す報告書の特集論文(Special Feature)である。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESchmidhuber J (2020) COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis? In FAO (ed) 2020 Food Outlook - Biannual Report on Global Food Markets: June 2020. Food Outlook, 1. Rome, pp 63-71. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9509e\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.4060/ca9509e\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/CA9509EN.pdf\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003Ehttps://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/CA9509EN.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E著者のJosef Schmidhuber本人から和訳の許可を得た。なお、原文にある3カ所の誤りを確認の後、修正している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月25日\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E訳　国際農林水産業研究センター社会科学領域　古家　淳\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe FAO publication “Food Outlook – Biannual Report on Global Food Markets” includes a special feature entitled “COVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis” contributed by Josef Schmidhuber of the Trade and Market Division, Economic and Social Development Department of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The article compared the “Great Lockdown” of 2020 with the “Great Recession” of 2009 focusing on international food markets, identifying differences and commonalities across countries and commodities, and providing an informative benchmark on how to return the market functioning to normality, even if the pandemic continues.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESchmidhuber J (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9509en/ca9509en.pdf\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: From a Global Health Crisis to a Global Food Crisis?\u003C/a\u003E In FAO (ed) 2020 Food Outlook - Biannual Report on Global Food Markets: June 2020. Food Outlook, 1:73-61. Rome.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor:\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200625_ico_0.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-29", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "74. World Bank - Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "74. World Bank - Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In June 2020, the World Bank and Agence Française de Développement (AFD) released a report entitled “The Future of Work in Africa: Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All”, as a companion to the World Development Report 2019 on the Changing Nature of Work. The report discussed how global trends particularly the adoption of digital technology may change the nature of work in Sub-Saharan Africa by creating new opportunities and challenges. The report concluded that realization of these opportunities depends on how government policy makers and businesses make choices and investments that will pave the way for the next generation of African workers, inventors, and entrepreneurs to innovate and thrive.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, the World Bank and Agence Française de Développement (AFD) released a report entitled “The Future of Work in Africa: Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All”, as a companion to the World Development Report 2019 on the Changing Nature of Work. The report discussed how global trends particularly the adoption of digital technology may change the nature of work in Sub-Saharan Africa by creating new opportunities and challenges. The report concluded that realization of these opportunities depends on how government policy makers and businesses make choices and investments that will pave the way for the next generation of African workers, inventors, and entrepreneurs to innovate and thrive.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, the World Bank\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Agence Française de Développement (AFD)\u0026nbsp;released a report entitled “The Future of Work in Africa: Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All” as a companion to the World Development Report 2019 on the Changing Nature of Work. The report discussed how global trends particularly the adoption of\u0026nbsp;digital technology\u0026nbsp;may change the nature of work in Sub-Saharan Africa by creating new opportunities and challenges.\u0026nbsp;Although there are global fears of worker displacement by\u0026nbsp;new technologies,\u0026nbsp;African countries\u0026nbsp;can develop an inclusive future of work, with opportunities for lower-skilled workers.\u0026nbsp;However, whether this opportunity is used or not depends on the development of policy environment and productive investment in the following four areas: (1)\u0026nbsp;enabling inclusive digital technologies;\u0026nbsp;(2)\u0026nbsp;building human capital for a young, rapidly growing and largely low-skilled labor force;\u0026nbsp;(3) increasing the productivity of informal workers and enterprises;\u0026nbsp;and (4)\u0026nbsp;extending social protection coverage to mitigate the risks associated with disruptions to labor markets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EChoi, Jieun; Dutz, Mark; Usman, Zainab. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/32124\u0022\u003EThe Future of Work in Africa : Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All\u003C/a\u003E. Africa Development Forum. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, the World Bank\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Agence Française de Développement (AFD)\u0026nbsp;released a report entitled “The Future of Work in Africa: Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All” as a companion to the World Development Report 2019 on the Changing Nature of Work. The report discussed how global trends particularly the adoption of\u0026nbsp;digital technology\u0026nbsp;may change the nature of work in Sub-Saharan Africa by creating new opportunities and challenges.\u0026nbsp;Although there are global fears of worker displacement by\u0026nbsp;new technologies,\u0026nbsp;African countries\u0026nbsp;can develop an inclusive future of work, with opportunities for lower-skilled workers.\u0026nbsp;However, whether this opportunity is used or not depends on the development of policy environment and productive investment in the following four areas: (1)\u0026nbsp;enabling inclusive digital technologies;\u0026nbsp;(2)\u0026nbsp;building human capital for a young, rapidly growing and largely low-skilled labor force;\u0026nbsp;(3) increasing the productivity of informal workers and enterprises;\u0026nbsp;and (4)\u0026nbsp;extending social protection coverage to mitigate the risks associated with disruptions to labor markets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EChoi, Jieun; Dutz, Mark; Usman, Zainab. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/32124\u0022\u003EThe Future of Work in Africa : Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All\u003C/a\u003E. Africa Development Forum. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200629#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-29", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "74. 世界銀行: アフリカにおけるデジタル・テクノロジーの潜在性", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "74. World Bank - Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月、世界銀行はアフリカにおける生産的雇用創出のためにデジタル・テクノロジーの潜在性を開花させる条件について議論した報告書 (The Future of Work in Africa: Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All) を公表しました。世界的には新たなテクノロジーにより雇用が失われる懸念が議論されているところですが、アフリカでは技術水準の低い労働者に機会を与えることで、包括的な開発の推進力になり得ます。ただし、この機会を生かすも殺すも、政策環境整備と生産的投資が行われるかにかかっています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, the World Bank and Agence Française de Développement (AFD) released a report entitled “The Future of Work in Africa: Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All”, as a companion to the World Development Report 2019 on the Changing Nature of Work. The report discussed how global trends particularly the adoption of digital technology may change the nature of work in Sub-Saharan Africa by creating new opportunities and challenges. The report concluded that realization of these opportunities depends on how government policy makers and businesses make choices and investments that will pave the way for the next generation of African workers, inventors, and entrepreneurs to innovate and thrive.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月、世界銀行はアフリカにおける生産的雇用創出のためにデジタル・テクノロジーの潜在性を開花させる条件について議論した報告書 (The Future of Work in Africa: Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All) を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書は、デジタルテクノロジー採用というグローバルなトレンドが、サブサハラ・アフリカにおける雇用の在り方を変革する起爆剤になる可能性を議論しています。世界的には新たなテクノロジーにより雇用が失われる懸念が議論されているところですが、アフリカでは技術水準の低い労働者に機会を与えることで、包括的な開発の推進力になり得ます。ただし、この機会を生かすも殺すも、次の4分野における政策環境整備と生産的投資が行われるかにかかっています。それらは、デジタル技術への包括的支援(enabling inclusive digital technologies); 急速に増大する若年・非熟練労働者層を対象とした人的資源構築(building human capital for a young, rapidly growing, and largely low-skilled labor force);インフォーマル部門労働者や企業の生産性向上(increasing the productivity of informal workers and enterprises); 労働市場におけるショックを和らげるための社会保障の拡充(extending social protection coverage to mitigate the risks associated with disruptions to labor markets)。　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界銀行が編纂した「世界開発報告2019」(The Changing Nature of Work)では、世界的なトレンドとして、自動化の波にさらされる「古い」製造業セクター対、イノベーションによる雇用創造を享受する「新しい」セクターの間での緊張感により、将来の雇用の在り方が規定されると議論しました。アフリカでも同様のことが起きるでしょうか。簡潔に言うと否、です。今日の状況から想定すると、この地域は世界のほかの地域とは対照的に異なる発展を遂げる機会に恵まれています。もしデジタル・テクノロジーを上手く手懐けることができれば、技術の採用は、全てのアフリカ人にとって雇用の在り方を転換する機会を提供するでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサブサハラ・アフリカは、技術採用率の低さに代表されるように、その他の地域と幾つかの点において異なります。その他の国々では自動化が既存・新規雇用の喪失をもたらす可能性がありますが、アフリカの製造業セクターはずっと小さく、自動化によって失われる雇用は少なくて済みます。アフリカの多くの経済では、未だに加工食品・観光・小売・宿泊飲食サービス業への需要が低く、新規テクノロジー採用による費用・価格低下によって消費者からの需要増を期待でき、またアフリカで生産されるかぎり、企業成長、雇用創出、多くの消費者にとって手に入る価格帯の製品生産の拡大、が期待されます。多くのアフリカ人労働者の教育水準は低く、インフォーマルな仕事に従事しており、彼らのニーズにあった技術の設計は、よりよい教育と所得を得る機会を提供するでしょう。多くのアフリカ経済では、「古い」も「新しい」もなく、全セクターを通じてイノベーションと成長の伸びしろが見込まれています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカでは、デジタル・テクノロジーは少数の特権層だけでなく、教育水準が低く機会に恵まれないグループも含めた全労働者のスキル向上と、インフォーマル部門を含めた全企業における生産性改善と雇用創出を推進する潜在性を秘めています。最近の研究では、アフリカにおけるインターネット速度の向上は、大学卒の労働者のみならず、最終学歴が初等教育である労働者の雇用も増加したことが報告されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eデジタル・テクノロジーによる可能性を現実化するには、本報告書が「アナログ補完analog complements」と呼ぶところの政策体系の確立が必要です。これらは競争(competition)、資本(capital)、能力(capacity)、の頭文字をとり、アフリカの3C(“three Cs”)政策に相当します。また、アフリカがデジタル・トランスフォーメーションへと踏み出す上で、3E(“three Es”)政策が必要です。それらは、起業精神の支援(enable entrepreneurship)、インフォーマル部門の生産性向上(enhance the productivity of the informal sector)、そして社会保障の拡充です(expand social protection coverage)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカの雇用の未来は明るいはずです。ただし、そのためには、次世代のアフリカ労働者・投資家・企業がイノベーションを通じた繁栄を享受する道筋の構築に向けて、今日の政治家やビジネス部門が投資を行う決断ができるかにかかっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EChoi, Jieun; Dutz, Mark; Usman, Zainab. 2020. The Future of Work in Africa : Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All. Africa Development Forum. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/32124\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, the World Bank\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Agence Française de Développement (AFD)\u0026nbsp;released a report entitled “The Future of Work in Africa: Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All” as a companion to the World Development Report 2019 on the Changing Nature of Work. The report discussed how global trends particularly the adoption of\u0026nbsp;digital technology\u0026nbsp;may change the nature of work in Sub-Saharan Africa by creating new opportunities and challenges.\u0026nbsp;Although there are global fears of worker displacement by\u0026nbsp;new technologies,\u0026nbsp;African countries\u0026nbsp;can develop an inclusive future of work, with opportunities for lower-skilled workers.\u0026nbsp;However, whether this opportunity is used or not depends on the development of policy environment and productive investment in the following four areas: (1)\u0026nbsp;enabling inclusive digital technologies;\u0026nbsp;(2)\u0026nbsp;building human capital for a young, rapidly growing and largely low-skilled labor force;\u0026nbsp;(3) increasing the productivity of informal workers and enterprises;\u0026nbsp;and (4)\u0026nbsp;extending social protection coverage to mitigate the risks associated with disruptions to labor markets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EChoi, Jieun; Dutz, Mark; Usman, Zainab. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/32124\u0022\u003EThe Future of Work in Africa : Harnessing the Potential of Digital Technologies for All\u003C/a\u003E. Africa Development Forum. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200629_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-30", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "75. Nature Climate Change - Understanding and Managing Connected Extreme Events", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "75. Nature Climate Change - Understanding and Managing Connected Extreme Events", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In June 2020, a paper \u0022Understanding and managing connected extreme events\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change journal. Extreme climates and their impacts are intricately intertwined through the interaction of physical factors and social circumstances. Various human interventions can exacerbate the situation through feedback loops. The occurrence of interrelated events needs to be discussed through interdisciplinary collaboration, and the authors propose approaches such as climate information provision to facilitate decision making. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, a paper \u0022Understanding and managing connected extreme events\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change journal. Extreme climates and their impacts are intricately intertwined through the interaction of physical factors and social circumstances. Various human interventions can exacerbate the situation through feedback loops. The occurrence of interrelated events needs to be discussed through interdisciplinary collaboration, and the authors propose approaches such as climate information provision to facilitate decision making. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, a paper \u0022Understanding and managing connected extreme events\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change\u0026nbsp;journal. Extreme climates and their impacts are intricately intertwined through the interaction of physical factors and social circumstances. Various human interventions can exacerbate the situation through feedback loops. The occurrence of interrelated events needs to be discussed through interdisciplinary collaboration, and the authors propose approaches such as climate information provision to facilitate decision making.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERaymond, C., Horton, R.M., Zscheischler, J. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0790-4\u0022\u003EUnderstanding and managing connected extreme events\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, a paper \u0022Understanding and managing connected extreme events\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change\u0026nbsp;journal. Extreme climates and their impacts are intricately intertwined through the interaction of physical factors and social circumstances. Various human interventions can exacerbate the situation through feedback loops. The occurrence of interrelated events needs to be discussed through interdisciplinary collaboration, and the authors propose approaches such as climate information provision to facilitate decision making.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERaymond, C., Horton, R.M., Zscheischler, J. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0790-4\u0022\u003EUnderstanding and managing connected extreme events\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200630#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-06-30", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "75. Nature Climate Change論文：相互に関連する異常事象についての理解と対応のための考察", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "75. Nature Climate Change - Understanding and Managing Connected Extreme Events", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月、Nature Climate Change誌にて、「相互に関連する異常事象についての理解と対応のための考察：Understanding and managing connected extreme events」論文が発表されました。異常気候を含む異常事象(extreme events)とそれらのインパクトは、物理的な要因と社会的事情の相互作用を通じて複雑に絡み合っています。様々な人為的対応がフィードバック・ループを通じて事態をさらに深刻化させる場合もあります。相互に関連する事象の発生について異分野連携を通じた議論が必要であり、著者らは意思決定を促すためのアプローチを提案します。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, a paper \u0022Understanding and managing connected extreme events\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change journal. Extreme climates and their impacts are intricately intertwined through the interaction of physical factors and social circumstances. Various human interventions can exacerbate the situation through feedback loops. The occurrence of interrelated events needs to be discussed through interdisciplinary collaboration, and the authors propose approaches such as climate information provision to facilitate decision making. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月、Nature Climate Change誌にて、「相互に関連する異常事象についての理解と対応のための考察：Understanding and managing connected extreme events」論文が発表されました。異常気候そしてそれらのインパクトは、物理的な要因と社会的事情の相互作用を通じて複雑に絡み合っています。様々な人為的対応がフィードバック・ループを通じて事態をさらに深刻化させる場合もあります。相互に関連する事象の発生について異分野連携を通じた議論が必要であり、著者らは意思決定を促すためのアプローチを提案します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2017年、カリブ海東部を複数のサイクローンが襲来しましたが、続けざまに起こる嵐や、数週間前のハリケーン・ハービー被害によるアメリカ緊急支援の対応の遅れによって、不動産やインフラに破壊的なダメージをもたらしました。2018年春、ヨーロッパにおける異常に寒冷で多雨な気候によって冬穀物の収穫に影響を与え、引き続く暑くて乾燥した夏がその後の農期に影響を及ぼし、EU統合市場において小麦・大麦価格の30％上昇をもたらしました。著者らは、これらの極端な事象を「相互関連” connected” 」と定義、個々あるいは単独で生じる同様の異常事象に比べ、インパクトが増幅されるような物理的・社会的メカニズムの相互作用の多様性と複雑性を指します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E著者らは、食料(food)・水(water)・保健(human health)・インフラ(infrastructure)・保険(insurance)の5セクターにおける研究や現場の経験を通じて相互関連異常事象を振り返り、現在のリスク管理アプローチの不備について論じました。その上で、相互関連する異常事態に関するリスク軽減と強靭性強化のための適応・緩和戦略に関する政策提言を行っています。ここでは、食料について、相互関連する異常事象にいかに影響を受けるか、現状の対応と効果、新たな意思決定に必要な協力体制に必要な知識、について議論します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農業セクターは、多種多様な農業システムと体系的なリスクにさらされる食料供給・需要・貿易の複雑なネットワークから構成されています。このコンテクストの観点から、相互関連する異常事象は地域・グローバルな食料安全保障を脅かしかねません。作物は水不足を伴う高温・乾燥事象にとりわけ脆弱であり、労働者や家畜は生理的ストレスを引き起こす高温・多湿事象の負荷を受けます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E作物の成長過程における作物の生理機能と特定の圃場条件に応じて、異常事象の連続的発生は全体のインパクトを悪化させます。シーズン初期の洪水は圃場の整備と作付を遅らせ、農作業のタイミングをずらすことで、シーズン後半にて霜害や干ばつリスクにさらすことになります。初期の多湿条件はまた、根の伸長を妨げたり害虫蔓延の条件を生み出すことで、作物の異常事象への適応能力を弱体化させます。あるいは、シーズン当初の干ばつによって水資源を使い切ってしまうと、渇水期における脆弱性を高めてしまいます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現在、作物モデルは日々の水・窒素・高温ストレスを分析し、最大のストレス要因に対応しますが、複数の危機が絡まった問題への対応はできていません。統計的な作物モデルの収量予測も課題を抱えています。正確性を期すには、異常事象のタイミング同様、異なる変数についてシーズン初期・後期の異常気象の順序・関係性について配慮する必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E異常事象が2か所以上の農業生産ゾーンを襲い、複数の穀倉地帯が不作に陥る結果、世界食料生産と価格に大きな影響を及ぼしうる状況があるとします。こうした状況は地域レベルでの独立の異常事象がランダムにしかし同時に起こる場合、あるいは気候変動の遠隔相関によって引き起こされます。ここ数十年、世界農業生産が少数の地域に統合され、モノカルチャーシステムが拡がる中、少数の地域レベルでの異常事象が同時発生することで広範囲なインパクトを及ぼす可能性も増えてきました。農業貿易は地域生産と水の需給バランスを結びつけて長期均衡を達成しています。しかし、圃場からグローバルマーケット、グローバルマーケットからスーパーマーケットに陳列されるに至るまでのバリューチェーンにまたがる活動に関してのシミュレーション(模擬実験)が行われることは稀であり、相関する異常事象が引き起こすショックへの強靭性を強化する計画の妨げとなっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eフードシステムへのショックを回避するには、ローカルレベルにおいて異常事象が連続して起こるインパクトとリスクを十分理解し、早急に農業・貿易上の対応がとれるようにしなければなりません。補足ですが、フードコンテクストにおける異常事象の関係性は、農業以外の輸送や加工といった要因に現れることもあり、気候変動研究を行う上で念頭に置いておくことが役に立つでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERaymond, C., Horton, R.M., Zscheischler, J. et al. Understanding and managing connected extreme events. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0790-4\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0790-4\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020, a paper \u0022Understanding and managing connected extreme events\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change\u0026nbsp;journal. Extreme climates and their impacts are intricately intertwined through the interaction of physical factors and social circumstances. Various human interventions can exacerbate the situation through feedback loops. The occurrence of interrelated events needs to be discussed through interdisciplinary collaboration, and the authors propose approaches such as climate information provision to facilitate decision making.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERaymond, C., Horton, R.M., Zscheischler, J. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0790-4\u0022\u003EUnderstanding and managing connected extreme events\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202006/20200630_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "76. Science of The Total Environment: COVID-19: Lessons for the Climate Change Emergency", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "76. Science of The Total Environment: COVID-19: Lessons for the Climate Change Emergency", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In June 2020, the journal Science of The Total Environment published an article entitled “COVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency. Given the commonalities between the COVID-19 crisis and the impending global climate emergency, the paper discussed how the present crisis could be a unique opportunity to provide lessons on how to survive the global climate crisis. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, the journal Science of The Total Environment published an article entitled “COVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency. Given the commonalities between the COVID-19 crisis and the impending global climate emergency, the paper discussed how the present crisis could be a unique opportunity to provide lessons on how to survive the global climate crisis. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020,\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;journal\u0026nbsp;Science of\u0026nbsp;The Total Environment\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an article entitled “COVID-19:\u0026nbsp;Lessons for the climate change emergency”.\u0026nbsp;The paper states that the COVID-19 crisis affects everything in life and work, casting a huge shadow on the global economy. Given the commonalities between the COVID-19 crisis and the impending global climate emergency, it is also a unique opportunity to provide lessons on how to survive the global climate crisis.\u0026nbsp;The article\u0026nbsp;compiled\u0026nbsp;a list\u0026nbsp;of the similarities and differences between the two crises, and the lessons\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;be\u0026nbsp;learned\u0026nbsp;from them, namely,\u0026nbsp;(1)\u0026nbsp;high momentum trends, (2)\u0026nbsp;irreversible changes, (3)\u0026nbsp;social and spatial inequality, (4)\u0026nbsp;weakening of international solidarity, and (5)\u0026nbsp;less costly to prevent than to cure.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EManzanedo RD,\u0026nbsp; Manning P. (2020)\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140563 \u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency\u003C/a\u003E. Science of The Total Environment Volume 742, 10 November 2020, 140563\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020,\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;journal\u0026nbsp;Science of\u0026nbsp;The Total Environment\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an article entitled “COVID-19:\u0026nbsp;Lessons for the climate change emergency”.\u0026nbsp;The paper states that the COVID-19 crisis affects everything in life and work, casting a huge shadow on the global economy. Given the commonalities between the COVID-19 crisis and the impending global climate emergency, it is also a unique opportunity to provide lessons on how to survive the global climate crisis.\u0026nbsp;The article\u0026nbsp;compiled\u0026nbsp;a list\u0026nbsp;of the similarities and differences between the two crises, and the lessons\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;be\u0026nbsp;learned\u0026nbsp;from them, namely,\u0026nbsp;(1)\u0026nbsp;high momentum trends, (2)\u0026nbsp;irreversible changes, (3)\u0026nbsp;social and spatial inequality, (4)\u0026nbsp;weakening of international solidarity, and (5)\u0026nbsp;less costly to prevent than to cure.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EManzanedo RD,\u0026nbsp; Manning P. (2020)\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140563 \u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency\u003C/a\u003E. Science of The Total Environment Volume 742, 10 November 2020, 140563\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200701#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "76. Science of The Total Environment論文：COVID-19:の気候変動非常事態への教訓", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "76. Science of The Total Environment: COVID-19: Lessons for the Climate Change Emergency", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月、Science of The Total Environment誌は、「新型コロナウイルス感染症：気候変動非常事態への教訓 (COVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency)」をオンライン公表しました。論文は、COVID-19危機と迫りくる世界気候非常事態の類似性と差異を比較し、現在のパンデミック危機から世界気候危機を乗り切る心構えについての教訓を引き出そうと試みています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In June 2020, the journal Science of The Total Environment published an article entitled “COVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency. Given the commonalities between the COVID-19 crisis and the impending global climate emergency, the paper discussed how the present crisis could be a unique opportunity to provide lessons on how to survive the global climate crisis. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月、Science of The Total Environment誌は、「新型コロナウイルス感染症COVID-19：気候変動非常事態への教訓 (Lessons for the climate change emergency)」をオンライン公表しました。論文は、COVID-19危機と迫りくる世界気候非常事態の類似性と差異を比較し、現在のパンデミック危機から世界気候危機を乗り切る心構えについての教訓を引き出そうと試みています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E強い慣性トレンド(high momentum trends)：タイムラグとも解釈できるが、SARS-CoV-2ウイルス拡大の把握が困難である背景に、長い潜伏期間、無症状感染者の多さ、指数関数的増加率といったウイルスの性質があり、パンデミック危機管理を極めて困難なものにしています。同様に、一般市民や政策策定者にとり、気候変動は複雑でさらにゆっくりとした時間軸を持ちます。気候変動モデルと長期予測は直観的・短期的な思考をしがちな一般市民や政策策定者に判りづらく、気づいたときには既に防止が手遅れになりかねません。ここから得られる教訓は、初期の対応策が懲罰的であったとしても、早めの段階で科学的要請に基づく対応策の重要性を軽視することは、長期的により高いコストを伴うことを意味しています。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E不可逆的変化(irreversible changes)：COVID-19の問題の一つは、集団においてウイルス感染率がある一定水準を超えると、コントロールが極めて困難になることです。気候変動も同様に、いったん気温がある一定水準を超えると急に不可逆的な変化が起きることが予測されています。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E社会的・空間的不平等(social and spatial inequality)：COVID-19危機は、気候変動危機と同様に、国々・社会グループ間で不均衡なインパクトをもたらします。COVID-19は高齢者や呼吸器に既往症を持つ人々、また医療システムに課題がある国々において、被害がより大きくなります。最近、先進国での感染率が下落傾向にある一方で、途上国での感染者数が増えています。こうした国々における経済資源・社会安定性・インフラ等の不備は、社会を必要以上のリスクにさらすでしょう。気候変動も同様に、先進国は気候変動防止対策や復興に投資できるのに対し、国際連携不在の場合に最も被害を受けるのは途上国であり、COVID-19はさらに状況を悪化させるでしょう。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E国際的連帯の弱体化(Weakening of international solidarity)：現在のCOVID-19危機は、限られた資源を巡って国々が競合する高度にグローバル化した世界が直面することになった最初の危機といえるかもしれません。国々は他国民を差し置いて自国民の利害を優先しようとします。ワクチンが開発されたとしても、公平で効率的に分配するための仕組みには不確実性が伴い、国際紛争やアクセスの不平等も起こりかねません。気候変動は、さらに深刻なシナリオを辿るでしょう。次第に頻発化する異常事象や世界の食料・水不足は、資源を巡る競争や大規模な移民の動きをもたらし、国々の間の連帯が試されることになります。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E治療・適応コスト＞予防・防止(緩和)コスト(less costly to prevent than to cure)：気候危機もパンデミックも最悪のケースを回避するために初期での対応が必要です。しかし危機がいったん回避されるように見られると、予防・防止コストは無駄とみなされる傾向があります。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19と気候危機の間には、進行のスピードなど、明らかな違いもあります。COVID-19危機は気候危機に比べて展開もコントロールも速度が速い傾向がありますが、気候危機の影響はより甚大です。COVID-19の影響の同時性に対し、気候変動の影響は世界各地で頻度・強度・タイミングとも様々です。社会的距離など個人の行動による効果が明らかなCOVID-19に対し、気候変動の影響は間接的で拡散するため、個人の行動を変える誘引になりにくい傾向にあります。最後に、気候変動に対するワクチンや治療法はなく、気候変動傾向を反転させる試みは成果が目に見えるまで数十年かかる可能性があります。COVID-19危機は、気候危機においても、早めの予防・防止(緩和)策が最悪の結果を回避する上で極めて重要であることを示唆しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EManzanedo RD,\u0026nbsp; Manning P. (2020)\u0026nbsp; COVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency. Science of The Total Environment Volume 742, 10 November 2020, 140563 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140563\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140563\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn June 2020,\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;journal\u0026nbsp;Science of\u0026nbsp;The Total Environment\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an article entitled “COVID-19:\u0026nbsp;Lessons for the climate change emergency”.\u0026nbsp;The paper states that the COVID-19 crisis affects everything in life and work, casting a huge shadow on the global economy. Given the commonalities between the COVID-19 crisis and the impending global climate emergency, it is also a unique opportunity to provide lessons on how to survive the global climate crisis.\u0026nbsp;The article\u0026nbsp;compiled\u0026nbsp;a list\u0026nbsp;of the similarities and differences between the two crises, and the lessons\u0026nbsp;that\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;be\u0026nbsp;learned\u0026nbsp;from them, namely,\u0026nbsp;(1)\u0026nbsp;high momentum trends, (2)\u0026nbsp;irreversible changes, (3)\u0026nbsp;social and spatial inequality, (4)\u0026nbsp;weakening of international solidarity, and (5)\u0026nbsp;less costly to prevent than to cure.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EManzanedo RD,\u0026nbsp; Manning P. (2020)\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140563 \u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency\u003C/a\u003E. Science of The Total Environment Volume 742, 10 November 2020, 140563\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200701_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "77. World Agroforestry (ICRAF): Climate-smart Agriculture in Ethiopia and Beyond", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "77. World Agroforestry (ICRAF): Climate-smart Agriculture in Ethiopia and Beyond", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Agroforestry, JIRCAS, WeForest, Mekelle University and Oregon State University published a book entitled “Climate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond” focusing on the importance of sustainable land use technologies and approaches to sustain ecosystem services and livelihoods, especially in areas facing soil degradation and desertification. In a review by Jim Hallett, vice-chair of the Global Partnership for Forest and Landscape Restoration, he mentioned that although it has a narrow focus on agricultural livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly, Ethiopia, the papers present a comprehensive view of what a large proportion of humanity faces.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Agroforestry, JIRCAS, WeForest, Mekelle University and Oregon State University published a book entitled “Climate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond” focusing on the importance of sustainable land use technologies and approaches to sustain ecosystem services and livelihoods, especially in areas facing soil degradation and desertification. In a review by Jim Hallett, vice-chair of the Global Partnership for Forest and Landscape Restoration, he mentioned that although it has a narrow focus on agricultural livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly, Ethiopia, the papers present a comprehensive view of what a large proportion of humanity faces.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;World Agroforestry, JIRCAS,\u0026nbsp;WeForest, Mekelle University and Oregon State University\u0026nbsp;published a book entitled “Climate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond” focusing on\u0026nbsp;the importance of sustainable land use technologies and approaches to sustain ecosystem services and livelihoods, especially in areas facing soil degradation and desertification.\u0026nbsp;In a review by\u0026nbsp;Jim Hallett,\u0026nbsp;vice-chair of the\u0026nbsp;Global Partnership for Forest and Landscape Restoration, he mentioned that although it\u0026nbsp;has a narrow focus on agricultural livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly, Ethiopia, the\u0026nbsp;papers present a comprehensive view of what a large proportion of humanity faces. The review is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Agroforestry (ICRAF) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.worldagroforestry.org/blog/2020/06/23/climate-smart-agriculture-ethiopia-and-beyond-we-need-amplify-lessons\u0022\u003EClimate-smart agriculture in Ethiopia and beyond: ‘We need to amplify the lessons’\u003C/a\u003E June 23, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe book is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHadgu KM, Bishaw B, Iiyama M, Birhane E, Negussie A, Davis CM, Bernart B, eds. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://apps.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/Publications/PDFS/B19055.pdf\u0022\u003EClimate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond\u003C/a\u003E. 2019. Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry (ICRAF).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;World Agroforestry, JIRCAS,\u0026nbsp;WeForest, Mekelle University and Oregon State University\u0026nbsp;published a book entitled “Climate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond” focusing on\u0026nbsp;the importance of sustainable land use technologies and approaches to sustain ecosystem services and livelihoods, especially in areas facing soil degradation and desertification.\u0026nbsp;In a review by\u0026nbsp;Jim Hallett,\u0026nbsp;vice-chair of the\u0026nbsp;Global Partnership for Forest and Landscape Restoration, he mentioned that although it\u0026nbsp;has a narrow focus on agricultural livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly, Ethiopia, the\u0026nbsp;papers present a comprehensive view of what a large proportion of humanity faces. The review is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Agroforestry (ICRAF) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.worldagroforestry.org/blog/2020/06/23/climate-smart-agriculture-ethiopia-and-beyond-we-need-amplify-lessons\u0022\u003EClimate-smart agriculture in Ethiopia and beyond: ‘We need to amplify the lessons’\u003C/a\u003E June 23, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe book is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHadgu KM, Bishaw B, Iiyama M, Birhane E, Negussie A, Davis CM, Bernart B, eds. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://apps.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/Publications/PDFS/B19055.pdf\u0022\u003EClimate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond\u003C/a\u003E. 2019. Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry (ICRAF).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200702#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "77. ワールド・アグロフォレストリー：クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー優良事例集講評", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "77. World Agroforestry (ICRAF): Climate-smart Agriculture in Ethiopia and Beyond", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農業研究機関CGIARの一つであるワールド・アグロフォレストリー(World Agroforestry: ICRAF)は、HPにて、国際農研も編纂にかかわったクライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー優良事例集に関し、復元生態学学会議長をつとめるJim Hallett氏からの講評を掲載しました。ワールド・アグロフォレストリー、国際農研、WeForest、メケレ大学、オレゴン州立大学の共編による本書は、とりわけ土壌劣化と砂漠化に直面する地域において、生態系サービスと生業を維持する持続的土地利用の技術・アプローチの重要性を論じています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Agroforestry, JIRCAS, WeForest, Mekelle University and Oregon State University published a book entitled “Climate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond” focusing on the importance of sustainable land use technologies and approaches to sustain ecosystem services and livelihoods, especially in areas facing soil degradation and desertification. In a review by Jim Hallett, vice-chair of the Global Partnership for Forest and Landscape Restoration, he mentioned that although it has a narrow focus on agricultural livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly, Ethiopia, the papers present a comprehensive view of what a large proportion of humanity faces.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際農業研究機関CGIARの一つであるワールド・アグロフォレストリー(World Agroforestry: ICRAF)は、HPにて、国際農研も編纂にかかわったクライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー優良事例特集本に関し、復元生態学学会(the Global Partnership for Forest and Landscape Restoration)議長をつとめるJim Hallett氏からの講評を掲載しました(http://www.worldagroforestry.org/blog/2020/06/23/climate-smart-agriculture-ethiopia-and-beyond-we-need-amplify-lessons)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHallett氏は、1972年に発表された「成長の限界 (The Limits to Growth」で提示された「人間の観点(Human Perspectives」概念図に言及します。概念図において、X軸は次週～子孫の世代までの時間軸をとり、Y軸では家族～近隣住民～国～世界という空間軸をとります。日々生きることで精いっぱいの多くの人々の関心は、主に短期的な家族や友人にまつわる関心毎であり、社会的な出来事、さらには長期的なスパンでの世界的事象ほど人々の関心は薄れますが、Hallett氏は本書は後者の問題に取り組む人々に貴重な教訓を与えるものとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本書(Climate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond)は、サブサハラ・アフリカ、とりわけエチオピア農業に焦点を当てているものの、実際には人類が直面している深刻な問題を炙り出しています。ワールド・アグロフォレストリー、国際農研、WeForest、メケレ大学、オレゴン州立大学の共編による本書は、とりわけ土壌劣化と砂漠化に直面する地域において、生態系サービスと生業を維持する技術・アプローチの重要性を論じています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれら社会システムは、自給自足的農業、次第に激しさを増す降雨パターンの不安定さ、土壌侵食と劣化により、頻発化する干ばつや洪水などの気候変動に脆弱です。現在の気候変動傾向に歯止めがかからなければ、人々が歴史的に居住してきた気候環境は大きくシフトし(Xu et al. 2020/Pick Up 29) 、砂漠化によって人々は土地を放棄して移動を余儀なくされるでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本書は、そのような事態を回避するための困難さや複雑さを認識しつつ、サブサハラ・アフリカやエチオピアで開発活動に取り組む関係者に対し、持続的土地利用についての優良事例を示してくれています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Agroforestry (ICRAF) Climate-smart agriculture in Ethiopia and beyond: ‘We need to amplify the lessons’ June 23, 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.worldagroforestry.org/blog/2020/06/23/climate-smart-agriculture-ethiopia-and-beyond-we-need-amplify-lessons\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.worldagroforestry.org/blog/2020/06/23/climate-smart-agriculture-ethiopia-and-beyond-we-need-amplify-lessons\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHadgu KM, Bishaw B, Iiyama M, Birhane E, Negussie A, Davis CM, Bernart B, eds. 2019. Climate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond. 2019. Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry (ICRAF). \u003Ca href=\u0022http://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u0022\u003Ehttp://worldagroforestry.org/publication/climate-smart-agriculture-enhancing-resilient-agricultural-systems-landscapes-and\u003C/a\u003E　 \u003Ca href=\u0022http://apps.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/Publications/PDFS/B19055.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttp://apps.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/Publications/PDFS/B19055.pdf\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EXu C, Kohler TA, Lenton TM, Svenning J-C, Scheffer M. 2020. Future of the human climate niche. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 201910114. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/04/28/1910114117.abstract\u0022\u003Ehttp://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/04/28/1910114117.abstract\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 29. 米国科学アカデミー紀要(PNAS)論文: 人類の気候的ニッチの未来　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200507\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200507\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現地の動き　World Agroforestry他共編「クライメート・スマート・アグリカルチャー　 [Climate-Smart Agriculture: Enhancing Resilient Agricultural Systems, Landscapes, and Livelihoods in Ethiopia and Beyond]」概要　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200213_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200213_0\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;World Agroforestry, JIRCAS,\u0026nbsp;WeForest, Mekelle University and Oregon State University\u0026nbsp;published a book entitled “Climate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond” focusing on\u0026nbsp;the importance of sustainable land use technologies and approaches to sustain ecosystem services and livelihoods, especially in areas facing soil degradation and desertification.\u0026nbsp;In a review by\u0026nbsp;Jim Hallett,\u0026nbsp;vice-chair of the\u0026nbsp;Global Partnership for Forest and Landscape Restoration, he mentioned that although it\u0026nbsp;has a narrow focus on agricultural livelihoods in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly, Ethiopia, the\u0026nbsp;papers present a comprehensive view of what a large proportion of humanity faces. The review is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Agroforestry (ICRAF) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.worldagroforestry.org/blog/2020/06/23/climate-smart-agriculture-ethiopia-and-beyond-we-need-amplify-lessons\u0022\u003EClimate-smart agriculture in Ethiopia and beyond: ‘We need to amplify the lessons’\u003C/a\u003E June 23, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe book is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHadgu KM, Bishaw B, Iiyama M, Birhane E, Negussie A, Davis CM, Bernart B, eds. 2019. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://apps.worldagroforestry.org/downloads/Publications/PDFS/B19055.pdf\u0022\u003EClimate-smart agriculture: enhancing resilient agricultural systems, landscapes, and livelihoods in Ethiopia and beyond\u003C/a\u003E. 2019. Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry (ICRAF).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200702_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200915#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "78. JIRCAS Research Results Dashboard", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "78. JIRCAS Research Results Dashboard", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS conducts extensive research to improve technologies related to agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions, in order to contribute in solving the global food and environmental problems and ensuring stable supply of agriculture, forestry and fishery products. We have summarized our recent research results and achievements in the ‘JIRCAS Research Dashboard’ which is now open to the public through our website. It is currently available in Japanese only.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS conducts extensive research to improve technologies related to agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions, in order to contribute in solving the global food and environmental problems and ensuring stable supply of agriculture, forestry and fishery products. We have summarized our recent research results and achievements in the ‘JIRCAS Research Dashboard’ which is now open to the public through our website. It is currently available in Japanese only.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS conducts extensive research to improve technologies related to agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions, in order to contribute in solving the global food and environmental problems and ensuring stable supply of agriculture, forestry and fishery products. We have summarized our recent research results and achievements in the ‘JIRCAS Research Dashboard’ which is now open to the public through our website. It is currently available in Japanese only at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/dashboard\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/dashboard\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS conducts extensive research to improve technologies related to agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions, in order to contribute in solving the global food and environmental problems and ensuring stable supply of agriculture, forestry and fishery products. We have summarized our recent research results and achievements in the ‘JIRCAS Research Dashboard’ which is now open to the public through our website. It is currently available in Japanese only at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/dashboard\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/dashboard\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200703_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200703#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "78. 国際農研 研究成果ダッシュボード", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "78. JIRCAS Research Results Dashboard", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農研は世界の食料・環境問題の解決及び農林水産物の安定供給に貢献すべく、熱帯及び亜熱帯に属する地域等の開発途上地域における農林水産業に関する技術向上のための試験研究を行っています。国際農研の最近の研究成果について『国際農研 研究成果ダッシュボード』としてまとめ、一般に公開いたしました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS conducts extensive research to improve technologies related to agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions, in order to contribute in solving the global food and environmental problems and ensuring stable supply of agriculture, forestry and fishery products. We have summarized our recent research results and achievements in the ‘JIRCAS Research Dashboard’ which is now open to the public through our website. It is currently available in Japanese only.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は世界の食料・環境問題の解決及び農林水産物の安定供給に貢献すべく、熱帯及び亜熱帯に属する地域等の開発途上地域における農林水産業に関する技術向上のための試験研究を行っています。国際農研の最近の研究成果について『国際農研 研究成果ダッシュボード』としてまとめ、一般に公開いたしました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/20200629\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/20200629\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eダッシュボードといえば車の運転席・助手席の正面にある内装部品（具体的にはハンドルやインパネ（スピードメーターなど計器類）、エアバッグなど）を連想される方が多いと思います。一方、ここで言うダッシュボードは車のインパネ部分のように１つの画面で複雑な情報を一目で分かるようにまとめた物を示します。例えば、様々な会社が作成したコロナウイルス感染者数のダッシュボードを見た方も多いのではないでしょうか。様々な分野でダッシュボードは活用されており、統計局による統計ダッシュボード（\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dashboard.e-stat.go.jp/\u0022\u003Ehttps://dashboard.e-stat.go.jp/\u003C/a\u003E）、FAOによるフードシステム・ダッシュボード（\u003Ca href=\u0022https://foodsystemsdashboard.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://foodsystemsdashboard.org/\u003C/a\u003E）などが挙げられます。（FAOについては、弊センターPick Up記事『FAO・GAIN・The Johns Hopkins Alliance for a Healthier World: フードシステムに関する新ダッシュボードの開設』をご覧ください\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200603\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200603\u003C/a\u003E）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E研究分野において成果の可視化や最大化は非常に重要な課題です。今回研究成果ダッシュボードを公開することで、国際農研の共同研究相手国・研究成果・SDGsへの貢献などを分かりやすく表示することを可能にしました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E地球規模の気候変動や国際社会・経済の動きなどの影響を受け、世界の食料生産をめぐる問題は絶え間なく変化しています。国際農研の情報収集・提供プログラムでは、今後、農林水産業が持続的に発展していくための現状分析や将来予測を行いダッシュボード化することで、皆様に理解しやすい形で提供していきたいと思います。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(研究戦略室　金森紀仁)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS conducts extensive research to improve technologies related to agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions, in order to contribute in solving the global food and environmental problems and ensuring stable supply of agriculture, forestry and fishery products. We have summarized our recent research results and achievements in the ‘JIRCAS Research Dashboard’ which is now open to the public through our website. It is currently available in Japanese only at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/dashboard\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/dashboard\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200703_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-04", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "79. CGIAR COVID-19 Hub: Information dissemination hub to address food insecurity and regional economic risks caused by the pandemic", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "79. CGIAR COVID-19 Hub: Information dissemination hub to address food insecurity and regional economic risks caused by the pandemic", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The CGIAR system, which promotes various researches around the world in order to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on food security and regional economy, has launched the CGIAR COVID-19 Hub on June 23, 2020 to provide a wide range of information that would help countries around the world to take appropriate measures. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The CGIAR system, which promotes various researches around the world in order to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on food security and regional economy, has launched the CGIAR COVID-19 Hub on June 23, 2020 to provide a wide range of information that would help countries around the world to take appropriate measures. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs the unprecedented crisis in our society and economy due to the global COVID-19 pandemic is becoming a reality, the risks in food, nutrition and water sharing to public health especially in low and middle-income countries have become apparent. It is estimated that 140 million people in the world will be extremely poor and millions will suffer starvation and food shortages without immediate assistance.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CGIAR system promotes international agricultural research, organizes various researches conducted around the world and their achievements in order to reduce food security and regional economic risks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0026nbsp;To address the accompanying food insecurity and regional economic risks, the\u0026nbsp;CGIAR COVID-19 Hub\u0026nbsp;was launched on June 23, 2020\u0026nbsp;to share its existing and emerging knowledge and experience that would help countries around the world to take appropriate measures.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CGIAR COVID-19 Hub focuses on research and related activities on (1) food systems, (2) one health including human, animal and environmental health, (3) comprehensive approach to food security and nutrition security, and (4) policies and investment for crisis response, economic recovery and improved future resilience.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUsing the information, each country and partner institution will not only regain the same food system as before, but will also help them to rebuild a better food system to reduce poverty, improve food and nutrition security, and develop improved natural resources and ecosystem services.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 15 research institutes that belong to the CGIAR system have provided many tools and databases that can be used by the government of each country through the collection of information and cutting-edge research that have been conducted in the emergency response phase of COVID-19. Among these achievements, the CGIAR COVID-19 Hub provides tools to visualize the impact of COVID-19 on food prices, food exports, and crop production, as well as researches on transmission of viral diseases in livestock and gender-sensitive public programs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECGIAR System.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/108548/CGIAR-Responding-to-COVID-19.pdf\u0022\u003ERESPONDING TO COVID-19: CGIAR’S CONTRIBUTION TO GLOBAL RESPONSE, RECOVERY AND RESILIENCE\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURANAKA Satoru (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs the unprecedented crisis in our society and economy due to the global COVID-19 pandemic is becoming a reality, the risks in food, nutrition and water sharing to public health especially in low and middle-income countries have become apparent. It is estimated that 140 million people in the world will be extremely poor and millions will suffer starvation and food shortages without immediate assistance.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CGIAR system promotes international agricultural research, organizes various researches conducted around the world and their achievements in order to reduce food security and regional economic risks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0026nbsp;To address the accompanying food insecurity and regional economic risks, the\u0026nbsp;CGIAR COVID-19 Hub\u0026nbsp;was launched on June 23, 2020\u0026nbsp;to share its existing and emerging knowledge and experience that would help countries around the world to take appropriate measures.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CGIAR COVID-19 Hub focuses on research and related activities on (1) food systems, (2) one health including human, animal and environmental health, (3) comprehensive approach to food security and nutrition security, and (4) policies and investment for crisis response, economic recovery and improved future resilience.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUsing the information, each country and partner institution will not only regain the same food system as before, but will also help them to rebuild a better food system to reduce poverty, improve food and nutrition security, and develop improved natural resources and ecosystem services.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 15 research institutes that belong to the CGIAR system have provided many tools and databases that can be used by the government of each country through the collection of information and cutting-edge research that have been conducted in the emergency response phase of COVID-19. Among these achievements, the CGIAR COVID-19 Hub provides tools to visualize the impact of COVID-19 on food prices, food exports, and crop production, as well as researches on transmission of viral diseases in livestock and gender-sensitive public programs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECGIAR System.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/108548/CGIAR-Responding-to-COVID-19.pdf\u0022\u003ERESPONDING TO COVID-19: CGIAR’S CONTRIBUTION TO GLOBAL RESPONSE, RECOVERY AND RESILIENCE\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURANAKA Satoru (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200704#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-04", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "79. CGIARシステム: COVID-19に起因する食料安全保障や地域経済のリスクを軽減するために研究情報発信ハブを設立", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "79. CGIAR COVID-19 Hub: Information dissemination hub to address food insecurity and regional economic risks caused by the pandemic", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際的な農業研究を進めるCGIARシステムは、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の問題に起因する食料安全保障や地域経済のリスクを軽減するために、世界中で実施される様々な研究とその成果を整理し、世界の各国が適切な対応を行うために役立つ情報を取りまとめた「CGIAR COVID-19 Hub」を2020年6月 23日に立ち上げました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The CGIAR system, which promotes various researches around the world in order to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on food security and regional economy, has launched the CGIAR COVID-19 Hub on June 23, 2020 to provide a wide range of information that would help countries around the world to take appropriate measures. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の世界的大流行による我々の社会や経済に対する未曾有の危機が現実となる中、特に低―中所得の国々での、食料や栄養、そして水などの共有や人々の健康へのリスクが顕在化してきました。このまま緊急支援が得られなければ、世界では1.4億人が極度の貧困状態となり、数百万人が餓えと食糧不足に苦しむと予想されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際的な農業研究を進めるCGIARシステムは、COVID-19の問題に起因する食料安全保障や地域経済のリクスを軽減するために、世界中で実施される様々な研究とその成果を整理し、世界の各国が適切な対応を行うために役立つ情報を取りまとめた「CGIAR COVID-19 Hub\u0026nbsp;」を2020年6月 23日に立ち上げました（\u003Ca href=\u0022http://a4nh.cgiar.org/covidhub/\u0022\u003Ehttp://a4nh.cgiar.org/covidhub/\u003C/a\u003E）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EこのCGIAR COVID-19 Hub\u0026nbsp;は、CGIARシステムの着目する、1）食料システム、2）人間と動物、そして環境を含む健康、3）食料・栄養安全保障に対する包括的な取り組み、4）危機対応、経済的回復、強靭性の向上のための政策と投資、の4つの研究テーマに沿って、研究や関連する取り組みについての情報とコミュニケーションを整理し、提供するものです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eそして、各国とそのパートナー機関が、これらの情報を活用することで、単にこれまでと同様な食料システムを取り戻すのでなく、より良い食料システムを再構築することによって、貧困削減（\u0026nbsp;reduce poverty）、食料安全と栄養供給の向上（improve food and nutrition security）、自然資源と生態系サービスの向上（Improved natural resources and ecosystem services）を達成し、SDGsに貢献する事を目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECGIARシステムに所属する15の研究機関では、これまでにCOVID-19の緊急対応フェーズに実施してきた最先端の研究や情報の収集を通じ、各国政府が利用できる多くのツールやデータベースを提供してきました。現在のCGIAR COVID-19 Hub\u0026nbsp;では、これら多くの成果のうち、COVID-19 の食料価格や食料輸出、作物生産に対する影響を可視化するツールや、都市部で飼育される家畜の健康面の研究やジェンダーに配慮した社会扶助についての取り組みの情報がハイライトとして取り上げられています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECGIAR:RESPONDING TO COVID-19:CGIAR’S CONTRIBUTION TO GLOBAL RESPONSE, RECOVERY AND RESILIENCE \u003Ca href=\u0022https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/108548/CGIAR-Responding-to-COVID-19.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/108548/CGIAR-Responding-to-COVID-19.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(文責：　村中聡、生産環境・畜産領域)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAs the unprecedented crisis in our society and economy due to the global COVID-19 pandemic is becoming a reality, the risks in food, nutrition and water sharing to public health especially in low and middle-income countries have become apparent. It is estimated that 140 million people in the world will be extremely poor and millions will suffer starvation and food shortages without immediate assistance.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CGIAR system promotes international agricultural research, organizes various researches conducted around the world and their achievements in order to reduce food security and regional economic risks caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0026nbsp;To address the accompanying food insecurity and regional economic risks, the\u0026nbsp;CGIAR COVID-19 Hub\u0026nbsp;was launched on June 23, 2020\u0026nbsp;to share its existing and emerging knowledge and experience that would help countries around the world to take appropriate measures.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe CGIAR COVID-19 Hub focuses on research and related activities on (1) food systems, (2) one health including human, animal and environmental health, (3) comprehensive approach to food security and nutrition security, and (4) policies and investment for crisis response, economic recovery and improved future resilience.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUsing the information, each country and partner institution will not only regain the same food system as before, but will also help them to rebuild a better food system to reduce poverty, improve food and nutrition security, and develop improved natural resources and ecosystem services.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 15 research institutes that belong to the CGIAR system have provided many tools and databases that can be used by the government of each country through the collection of information and cutting-edge research that have been conducted in the emergency response phase of COVID-19. Among these achievements, the CGIAR COVID-19 Hub provides tools to visualize the impact of COVID-19 on food prices, food exports, and crop production, as well as researches on transmission of viral diseases in livestock and gender-sensitive public programs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECGIAR System.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/108548/CGIAR-Responding-to-COVID-19.pdf\u0022\u003ERESPONDING TO COVID-19: CGIAR’S CONTRIBUTION TO GLOBAL RESPONSE, RECOVERY AND RESILIENCE\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURANAKA Satoru (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200704_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200818_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "80. NASA Report \u0026 Climate Change Paper: Highest Recorded Temperature in the World and Antarctica", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "80. NASA Report \u0026 Climate Change Paper: Highest Recorded Temperature in the World and Antarctica", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has announced that the rising temperature since the 19th century has accelerated further since 2000, with 2020 expected to be the hottest year in history. A paper published in Nature Climate Change (Clem et al.) also reported that over the past 30 years, Antarctica has experienced record warming more than three times the global average.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has announced that the rising temperature since the 19th century has accelerated further since 2000, with 2020 expected to be the hottest year in history. A paper published in Nature Climate Change (Clem et al.) also reported that over the past 30 years, Antarctica has experienced record warming more than three times the global average.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has announced that the rising temperature since the 19th century has accelerated further since 2000, with 2020 expected to be the hottest year in history. A blog by Statista data journalist Katharina Buchholz at the World Economic Forum website referred to a figure published by NASA showing the monthly divergence from average temperature in selected years. These findings are also supported in a paper published in Nature Climate Change on June 29, 2020 (Clem et al.) showing that the South Pole has experienced more than three times the global warming over the past 30 years with a record warming\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;of 0.61 ± 0.34 °C per decade.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the following links for details:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/\u0022\u003ENASA GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4)\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/earth-climate-change-nasa/\u0022\u003E2020 is predicted to be the hottest year on record, according to NASA\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;02 Jul 2020 Katharina Buchholz\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClem, K.R., Fogt, R.L., Turner, J. et al.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0815-z\u0022\u003ERecord warming at the South Pole during the past three decades\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has announced that the rising temperature since the 19th century has accelerated further since 2000, with 2020 expected to be the hottest year in history. A blog by Statista data journalist Katharina Buchholz at the World Economic Forum website referred to a figure published by NASA showing the monthly divergence from average temperature in selected years. These findings are also supported in a paper published in Nature Climate Change on June 29, 2020 (Clem et al.) showing that the South Pole has experienced more than three times the global warming over the past 30 years with a record warming\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;of 0.61 ± 0.34 °C per decade.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the following links for details:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/\u0022\u003ENASA GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4)\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/earth-climate-change-nasa/\u0022\u003E2020 is predicted to be the hottest year on record, according to NASA\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;02 Jul 2020 Katharina Buchholz\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClem, K.R., Fogt, R.L., Turner, J. et al.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0815-z\u0022\u003ERecord warming at the South Pole during the past three decades\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200706#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "80. NASA報告 ＆ Climate Change論文: 世界・南極において観測史上最高気温", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "80. NASA Report \u0026 Climate Change Paper: Highest Recorded Temperature in the World and Antarctica", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アメリカ航空宇宙局(NASA)は、19世紀以来の気温上昇現象が2000年以降さらに加速し、2020年は観測史上最も暑い年になる見込みであると発表しました。またNature Climate Change誌で公表された論文(Clem et al.)は、過去30年間、南極は世界平均値よりも3倍以上の記録的な温暖化を経験していると報告しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has announced that the rising temperature since the 19th century has accelerated further since 2000, with 2020 expected to be the hottest year in history. A paper published in Nature Climate Change (Clem et al.) also reported that over the past 30 years, Antarctica has experienced record warming more than three times the global average.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアメリカ航空宇宙局(NASA)は、19世紀以来の気温上昇現象が2000年以降さらに加速し、2020年は観測史上最も暑い年になる見込みであると発表しました。データジャーナリストであるKatharina Buchholz氏は、世界経済フォーラムHPのブログにてNASAが公表した図に言及し、2020年5月は1800年以来の平均気温よりも1.5℃高く、気温の急上昇は地球にとって壊滅的な影響をもたらしかねないと警鐘を鳴らしました。NASAとアメリカ海洋大気庁(NOAA)によると、2020年2月～4月は、観測史上2番目に暖かく、2020年1月と5月は2016年水準(2、3、4月に関して観測史上最高値を記録した)に達しました。NOAA研究者らは既に2020年は観測史上最も暑い年となる見込みであると予測しています。今のところ、地球の平均気温から最も乖離した値を記録したのは2016年です(1980～2015年を基準として)。2019年も本当に猛烈に暑い年でしたが、現在歴代2位につけています。2019年7月は、地球で観測された月別気温で最高値を記録しました。地表近くの気温に関する世界的なデータは、陸上の気象基地と海上の船舶・浮標・衛星測定値等から集められています。研究によると、地球温暖化の進行は、異常気象の強度・頻度・被害規模・継続期間に変化をもたらすことが予測されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月29日にNature Climate Change誌で公表された論文(Clem et al.)では、過去30年間、南極は世界平均値よりも3倍以上の温暖化を経験しており、10年ごとに0.61 ± 0.34 °Cの気温上昇の進行が統計的に有意であると確認されました。著者らは、気候モデル実験等を複数用い、近年の温暖化が自然変動シミュレーションの上限に達していることを示しました。この温暖化は、太平洋熱帯地域西部での海水温上昇によって引き起こされたウェッデル海におけるサイクロン的異常事象に起因します。この循環は、南極振動の正極性と合わせ、南大西洋から高温多湿の空気を南極内地に移流します。これら結果は、南極大陸内地の気候と熱帯気候の変動が密接に関連していることをはっきりと示しています。さらに、本研究は、21世紀にはいり人為的な温暖化のシグナルを覆い隠してきた南極大陸内地において、大気の内部変動が地域レベルでの極端な気候変動を誘引することを示唆しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENASA GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/\u0022\u003Ehttps://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. 2020 is predicted to be the hottest year on record, according to NASA 02 Jul 2020 Katharina Buchholz \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/earth-climate-change-nasa/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/earth-climate-change-nasa/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClem, K.R., Fogt, R.L., Turner, J. et al. Record warming at the South Pole during the past three decades. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0815-z\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0815-z\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has announced that the rising temperature since the 19th century has accelerated further since 2000, with 2020 expected to be the hottest year in history. A blog by Statista data journalist Katharina Buchholz at the World Economic Forum website referred to a figure published by NASA showing the monthly divergence from average temperature in selected years. These findings are also supported in a paper published in Nature Climate Change on June 29, 2020 (Clem et al.) showing that the South Pole has experienced more than three times the global warming over the past 30 years with a record warming\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;of 0.61 ± 0.34 °C per decade.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the following links for details:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/\u0022\u003ENASA GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (v4)\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/earth-climate-change-nasa/\u0022\u003E2020 is predicted to be the hottest year on record, according to NASA\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;02 Jul 2020 Katharina Buchholz\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EClem, K.R., Fogt, R.L., Turner, J. et al.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0815-z\u0022\u003ERecord warming at the South Pole during the past three decades\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200706_ico.jpeg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200818_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "81. The Africa Report: End the Food Insecurity Crisis in Africa through Agricultural Changes", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "81. The Africa Report: End the Food Insecurity Crisis in Africa through Agricultural Changes", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On June 30, 2020, The Africa Report, an online website on African political and economic information, published an article “End food insecurity crisis in Africa through agricultural change”. In many African countries, COVID-19 has been blamed for the disruption of the supply chain and the vulnerability of the food system in Africa. The international community should approve and support the agricultural transformation agenda of African countries to achieve the common goal of food security.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 30, 2020, The Africa Report, an online website on African political and economic information, published an article “End food insecurity crisis in Africa through agricultural change”. In many African countries, COVID-19 has been blamed for the disruption of the supply chain and the vulnerability of the food system in Africa. The international community should approve and support the agricultural transformation agenda of African countries to achieve the common goal of food security.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 30, 2020, The Africa Report, an online website on African political and economic information, published an article “End food insecurity crisis in Africa through agricultural change”. In many African countries, COVID-19 has been blamed for the disruption of the supply chain and the vulnerability of the food system in Africa.\u0026nbsp;The underlying factors\u0026nbsp;which are driving a potential food crisis across Africa\u0026nbsp;include\u0026nbsp;reduction in purchasing power of\u0026nbsp;households affected by COVID-19,\u0026nbsp;reduction in ability to import food due to thedisrupted global supply chains, disruption in the\u0026nbsp;local agricultural production, and inability of the\u0026nbsp;logistics to adapt.\u0026nbsp;Therefore,\u0026nbsp;the international community should approve and support the agricultural transformation agenda of African countries to achieve the common goal of food security.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Africa Report. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.theafricareport.com/31741/end-food-insecurity-across-africa-through-agricultural-change/?utm_source=newsletter_tar_daily\u0026amp;utm_campaign=newsletter_tar_daily_30_06_2020\u0026amp;utm_medium=email\u0022\u003EEnd food insecurity across Africa through agricultural change\u003C/a\u003E. Posted on Tuesday, 30 June 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 30, 2020, The Africa Report, an online website on African political and economic information, published an article “End food insecurity crisis in Africa through agricultural change”. In many African countries, COVID-19 has been blamed for the disruption of the supply chain and the vulnerability of the food system in Africa.\u0026nbsp;The underlying factors\u0026nbsp;which are driving a potential food crisis across Africa\u0026nbsp;include\u0026nbsp;reduction in purchasing power of\u0026nbsp;households affected by COVID-19,\u0026nbsp;reduction in ability to import food due to thedisrupted global supply chains, disruption in the\u0026nbsp;local agricultural production, and inability of the\u0026nbsp;logistics to adapt.\u0026nbsp;Therefore,\u0026nbsp;the international community should approve and support the agricultural transformation agenda of African countries to achieve the common goal of food security.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Africa Report. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.theafricareport.com/31741/end-food-insecurity-across-africa-through-agricultural-change/?utm_source=newsletter_tar_daily\u0026amp;utm_campaign=newsletter_tar_daily_30_06_2020\u0026amp;utm_medium=email\u0022\u003EEnd food insecurity across Africa through agricultural change\u003C/a\u003E. Posted on Tuesday, 30 June 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200707#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "81. 農業部門の変革を通じ、アフリカにおける食料安全保障危機を終わらせよ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "81. The Africa Report: End the Food Insecurity Crisis in Africa through Agricultural Changes", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカ政治経済情報に関するオンラインサイトThe Africa Reportは、2020年6月30日、「農業部門の変革を通じ、アフリカにおける食料安全保障危機を終わらせよ」記事を投稿しました。アフリカの多くの国において、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)によって引き起こされたサプライチェーンの寸断は、アフリカにおけるフードシステムの脆弱性を炙り出したと言えます。国際社会は食料安全保障という共通のゴールを達成するために、アフリカ諸国の農業転換アジェンダを承認し支援すべきです。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 30, 2020, The Africa Report, an online website on African political and economic information, published an article “End food insecurity crisis in Africa through agricultural change”. In many African countries, COVID-19 has been blamed for the disruption of the supply chain and the vulnerability of the food system in Africa. The international community should approve and support the agricultural transformation agenda of African countries to achieve the common goal of food security.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ政治経済情報に関するオンラインサイトThe Africa Reportは、2020年6月30日、「農業部門の変革を通じ、アフリカにおける食料安全保障危機を終わらせよEnd food insecurity across Africa through agricultural change」記事を投稿しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2007年に始まった金融・債務危機によって、食料価格は上昇、世界的な食料危機をもたらしました。食料危機は、メキシコ、バングラディシュ、ブルキナファソなどの国々で政情不安をもたらし、中東においては2012年の「アラブの春」を誘引しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年3月、世界中のスーパーマーケットの棚から商品が消える中、前回と同様の食料危機が起こるのではないかという懸念が浮上しました。実際に多くの国では労働者不足に陥り、ロシアの小麦やベトナムのコメなど戦略的な穀物輸出規制に踏み出した国もありました。こうした懸念に対し、これまでのところ、フードサプライチェーンは欧州・北米・アジアと南米の殆どの地域に食料を滞りなく届けています。2008年に比べ、世界的な食料生産も十分あり、穀物備蓄は2倍となっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E残念ながら、アフリカでの事情は異なります。多くの国においてフードシステムとそれを支えるガバナンス・メカニズムは脆弱なままで、負の影響を緩和する社会保障メカニズム・制度や民間部門が存在しません。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)によって引き起こされたサプライチェーンの寸断は、アフリカにおけるフードシステムの脆弱性を炙り出したと言えます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカにおいて食料危機の引き金となりうる要因は以下の4点となります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一つ目は、COVID-19封じ込め策と世界経済不況によって影響を被った世帯が食料を購入する所得を失ったことです。IFPRIによる分析によると、3月21日から5月4日までの6週間のロックダウンにおいて、ルワンダのGDPは39％下落し、貧困は20％上昇しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E二つ目は、グローバル・サプライチェーンの分断により、アフリカで年間510憶ドルにのぼる食料輸入のための外貨獲得手段が失われたことです。輸出の大部分は、旅客機の貨物として輸送されています。国境封鎖とともにフライト数が落ち込むとともに、貨物キャパシティが落ち込み、2月から4月にかけて航空貨物費は80％急騰しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E三つ目は、ローカルな農業生産の寸断です。エチオピアでは、政府は今後の収穫期における食料生産が8％落ち込むことを予測しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E四つ目は、ロジスティックスの調整における課題です。国境封鎖とドライバーへの規制により、西アフリカでの輸送キャパシティは4月に30％落ち込みました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E大陸における政情不安・人道的危機を緩和するために、フードシステムの脆弱性を克服し、将来のショックに対するレジリエンスを高めるには、何ができるでしょうか。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E近年の開発途上国における農業開発の経験から得られる洞察は、国際社会は強靭性を強化する上でアプローチを変える必要があるということです。農民への直接的な短期支援に狭くフォーカスするだけでは不十分であり、ローカル市場発展と政府システム構築への支援が必要です。このためには、アフリカ政府による農業転換(agriculture transformation)アジェンダを支援し、ホスト国によって最優先とされる農業バリューチェーンと市場を対象に、参入する国々に対するビジネス機会を生み出すような金融・技術的支援・投資促進を調整することを意味しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E多くの政府は、既にグローバル経済において実際に競争力を有し、多くの農業・非農業雇用を生み出し、イノベーションと起業家精神を盛り上げるバリューチェーンに着目しています。支援は農業生産分野に留まるべきでなく、農村インフラ、農業加工、金融・土地・投資・アグリテックソリューション・スキルへのアクセスといった分野に拡大されるべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際社会はアフリカ諸国の農業転換アジェンダを承認し支援すべきです。これはアフリカと国際社会が食料安全保障という共通のゴールを達成する最上の方法です。でなければ、アフリカにおけるCOVID-19危機は新たな食料危機をもたらすリスクを負いかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe africa report. End food insecurity across Africa through agricultural change. Posted on Tuesday, 30 June 2020 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.theafricareport.com/31741/end-food-insecurity-across-africa-through-agricultural-change/?utm_source=newsletter_tar_daily\u0026amp;utm_campaign=newsletter_tar_daily_30_06_2020\u0026amp;utm_medium=email\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.theafricareport.com/31741/end-food-insecurity-across-africa-through-agricultural-change/?utm_source=newsletter_tar_daily\u0026amp;utm_campaign=newsletter_tar_daily_30_06_2020\u0026amp;utm_medium=email\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 30, 2020, The Africa Report, an online website on African political and economic information, published an article “End food insecurity crisis in Africa through agricultural change”. In many African countries, COVID-19 has been blamed for the disruption of the supply chain and the vulnerability of the food system in Africa.\u0026nbsp;The underlying factors\u0026nbsp;which are driving a potential food crisis across Africa\u0026nbsp;include\u0026nbsp;reduction in purchasing power of\u0026nbsp;households affected by COVID-19,\u0026nbsp;reduction in ability to import food due to thedisrupted global supply chains, disruption in the\u0026nbsp;local agricultural production, and inability of the\u0026nbsp;logistics to adapt.\u0026nbsp;Therefore,\u0026nbsp;the international community should approve and support the agricultural transformation agenda of African countries to achieve the common goal of food security.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Africa Report. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.theafricareport.com/31741/end-food-insecurity-across-africa-through-agricultural-change/?utm_source=newsletter_tar_daily\u0026amp;utm_campaign=newsletter_tar_daily_30_06_2020\u0026amp;utm_medium=email\u0022\u003EEnd food insecurity across Africa through agricultural change\u003C/a\u003E. Posted on Tuesday, 30 June 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200707_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200915_4#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "82. Sustainable Development Report 2020 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "82. Sustainable Development Report 2020 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On June 30, 2020, the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and the Bertelsmann Foundation published the Sustainable Development Report 2020, which contains the 2020 SDG indicators and dashboards. In addition to a comprehensive analysis of the current state of each index towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, this report also covers a past history, forecasts for 2030, and SDG outlook amidst the COVID-19 among193 member countries of the United Nations.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 30, 2020, the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and the Bertelsmann Foundation published the Sustainable Development Report 2020, which contains the 2020 SDG indicators and dashboards. In addition to a comprehensive analysis of the current state of each index towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, this report also covers a past history, forecasts for 2030, and SDG outlook amidst the COVID-19 among193 member countries of the United Nations.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 30, 2020, the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and the Bertelsmann Foundation published the Sustainable Development Report 2020, which contains the 2020 SDG indicators and dashboards.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReport:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDashboard:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis report covers all 193 member countries of the United Nations and includes an analysis of the status quo for each SDG towards achieving sustainable development goals, as well as its history, projections for 2030 and Covid-19 status.\u0026nbsp;All data presented\u0026nbsp;in the dashboard\u0026nbsp;are based on the publication\u0026nbsp;Sachs et al. (2020): The Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe SDG profile of Japan is on pages 270-271 of the report. Japan got an overall score of 79.2 and regional average score of 77.3 with SDG global ranking of 17 out of 166 countries.\u0026nbsp;The overall score measures a country\u0027s total progress towards achieving all 17 SDGs\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;can be interpreted as a the percentage of SDG achievement. A score of 100 indicates that all SDGs have been achieved.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;report also mentions the following SDG transformations\u0026nbsp;framework\u0026nbsp;to map out possible short-term and long-term government response to Covid-19:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（1）Education, gender and inequality\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（2）Good health and well-being\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（3）Energy\u0026nbsp;decarbonization and\u0026nbsp;sustainable\u0026nbsp;industry\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（4）Sustainable\u0026nbsp;food,\u0026nbsp;land,\u0026nbsp;water and\u0026nbsp;oceans\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（5）Sustainable\u0026nbsp;cities and\u0026nbsp;communities\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（6）Harnessing the\u0026nbsp;digital\u0026nbsp;revolution for\u0026nbsp;sustainable\u0026nbsp;development\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2020): \u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003EThe Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2019): \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u0022\u003ESix Transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals\u003C/a\u003E. Nature Sustainability, 2: 805–814.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 30, 2020, the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and the Bertelsmann Foundation published the Sustainable Development Report 2020, which contains the 2020 SDG indicators and dashboards.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReport:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDashboard:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis report covers all 193 member countries of the United Nations and includes an analysis of the status quo for each SDG towards achieving sustainable development goals, as well as its history, projections for 2030 and Covid-19 status.\u0026nbsp;All data presented\u0026nbsp;in the dashboard\u0026nbsp;are based on the publication\u0026nbsp;Sachs et al. (2020): The Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe SDG profile of Japan is on pages 270-271 of the report. Japan got an overall score of 79.2 and regional average score of 77.3 with SDG global ranking of 17 out of 166 countries.\u0026nbsp;The overall score measures a country\u0027s total progress towards achieving all 17 SDGs\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;can be interpreted as a the percentage of SDG achievement. A score of 100 indicates that all SDGs have been achieved.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;report also mentions the following SDG transformations\u0026nbsp;framework\u0026nbsp;to map out possible short-term and long-term government response to Covid-19:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（1）Education, gender and inequality\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（2）Good health and well-being\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（3）Energy\u0026nbsp;decarbonization and\u0026nbsp;sustainable\u0026nbsp;industry\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（4）Sustainable\u0026nbsp;food,\u0026nbsp;land,\u0026nbsp;water and\u0026nbsp;oceans\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（5）Sustainable\u0026nbsp;cities and\u0026nbsp;communities\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（6）Harnessing the\u0026nbsp;digital\u0026nbsp;revolution for\u0026nbsp;sustainable\u0026nbsp;development\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2020): \u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003EThe Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2019): \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u0022\u003ESix Transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals\u003C/a\u003E. Nature Sustainability, 2: 805–814.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200708#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "82. 持続可能な開発レポート2020 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "82. Sustainable Development Report 2020 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年6月30日、持続可能な開発ソリューションネットワーク（SDSN）とベルテルスマン財団（Bertelsmann Stiftung）は2020年版SDG指標とダッシュボードを含む持続可能な開発レポート（Sustainable Development Report 2020）を公表しました。このレポートは国連に加盟する193カ国すべてを対象としており、持続可能な開発目標達成に向けた各SDG指標に対する現状分析に加えて、これまでの軌跡や2030年までの予測、Covid-19状況下でのSDGsの展望が示されています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On June 30, 2020, the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and the Bertelsmann Foundation published the Sustainable Development Report 2020, which contains the 2020 SDG indicators and dashboards. In addition to a comprehensive analysis of the current state of each index towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, this report also covers a past history, forecasts for 2030, and SDG outlook amidst the COVID-19 among193 member countries of the United Nations.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月30日、持続可能な開発ソリューションネットワーク（SDSN）とベルテルスマン財団（Bertelsmann Stiftung）は2020年版SDG指標とダッシュボードを含む持続可能な開発レポート（Sustainable Development Report 2020）を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eレポート：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eダッシュボード：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこのレポートは国連に加盟する193カ国すべてを対象としており、持続可能な開発目標達成に向けた各SDGに対する現状分析に加えて、これまでの軌跡や2030年までの予測、Covid-19状況下でのSDGsの展望が示されています。（日本の分析はレポート271-272ページにあります）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E持続可能な開発レポートに記載の要点についてまとめました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECovid‑19はほとんどのSDGに深刻な影響を及ぼす経済活動の停止を含む: Covid‑19に対応するために講じられた措置は、大規模な失業など世界的な経済危機をもたらしました。一方で、唯一の明るい点は環境への影響が改善されたことです。今後は環境汚染なく経済活動を回復させることが重要ですが、現時点での長期的な影響は明らかではありません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E保健システムと予防プログラム強化の必要性: Covid‑19に対して集団免疫を獲得した国は無く、依然として深刻なリスクにさらされています。SDG 3（すべての人に健康と福祉を）に沿って、すべての国が早期警告、リスク削減、健康リスクの管理能力を強化する必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESDGsと6つのSDGトランスフォーメーションがCovid‑19からの回復方法を示す: Covid‑19からの復興にはSDGsを中心とした政策立案が重要になります。Covid‑19は気候と生物多様性の危機を解決せず、所得格差はさらに深刻化しています。また、各国が医療システムを強化しなければ、このパンデミックから身を守ることができないことも分かりました。多くの地域では過去5年間でSDGs達成にむけて大きな進歩が見られたが、レポートでは、Covid‑19からの迅速な回復や持続可能で強靭な社会に向けた長期戦略策定についてSDGsと6つのSDGトランスフォーメーション*（Sachs et al., 2019）を用いて説明しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*6つのSDGトランスフォーメーション：SDGs達成のために取り組むべき6つの構成要素\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（1）教育、性、不平等\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（2）健康、福祉および人口統計\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（3）エネルギーの脱炭素化と持続可能な産業\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（4）持続可能な食糧、土地、水、海\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（5）持続可能な都市とコミュニティー\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（6）持続可能な開発のためのデジタル革命\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアジア諸国はCovid‑19にうまく対応: 特に東アジアと南アジアの国々ではSDG達成に前進しており、他の地域よりもCovid‑19の発生をうまくコントロールしていました。状況は依然として変化しているが、今回の危機により世界経済の重心が北大西洋地域からアジア太平洋地域への移行する可能性を秘めています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E連帯とパートナーシップは、健康、経済、人道的な問題の解決に重要: グローバリゼーションは経済発展、貧困削減、技術進歩、互いの文化の享受に大きなメリットをもたらします。国際的な協調行動により、差し迫った危機への解決策を特定し長期的なグローバル化を強化することができます。多分野にわたる国際的なパートナーシップによりベストプラクティスを共有すれば、将来起こるかもしれない大惨事の防止や緩和に役立つでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E公式統計とのデータギャップとタイムラグを埋める必要性: 今回のCovid‑19パンデミックはリアルタイムの情報の重要性を教えてくれました。早期に検出することで抑制にもつながります。このリアルタイムの情報の重要性はSDG指標にも当てはまります。今年のSDGsレポートとダッシュボードはタイムラグのためCovid-19の影響を公式な統計と統合できていません。つまり、タイムリーで非集計のデータがいかに重要であるかを示しており、公式統計データの利便性向上とタイムラグの縮小、そして研究コミュニティーや民間セクターから入手可能なリアルタイムデータの活用にも焦点を当てる必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2020): The Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2019): Six Transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Nature Sustainability, 2: 805–814.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　金森紀仁）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn June 30, 2020, the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and the Bertelsmann Foundation published the Sustainable Development Report 2020, which contains the 2020 SDG indicators and dashboards.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReport:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDashboard:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis report covers all 193 member countries of the United Nations and includes an analysis of the status quo for each SDG towards achieving sustainable development goals, as well as its history, projections for 2030 and Covid-19 status.\u0026nbsp;All data presented\u0026nbsp;in the dashboard\u0026nbsp;are based on the publication\u0026nbsp;Sachs et al. (2020): The Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe SDG profile of Japan is on pages 270-271 of the report. Japan got an overall score of 79.2 and regional average score of 77.3 with SDG global ranking of 17 out of 166 countries.\u0026nbsp;The overall score measures a country\u0027s total progress towards achieving all 17 SDGs\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;can be interpreted as a the percentage of SDG achievement. A score of 100 indicates that all SDGs have been achieved.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;report also mentions the following SDG transformations\u0026nbsp;framework\u0026nbsp;to map out possible short-term and long-term government response to Covid-19:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（1）Education, gender and inequality\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（2）Good health and well-being\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（3）Energy\u0026nbsp;decarbonization and\u0026nbsp;sustainable\u0026nbsp;industry\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（4）Sustainable\u0026nbsp;food,\u0026nbsp;land,\u0026nbsp;water and\u0026nbsp;oceans\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（5）Sustainable\u0026nbsp;cities and\u0026nbsp;communities\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（6）Harnessing the\u0026nbsp;digital\u0026nbsp;revolution for\u0026nbsp;sustainable\u0026nbsp;development\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2020): \u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003EThe Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2019): \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0352-9\u0022\u003ESix Transformations to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals\u003C/a\u003E. Nature Sustainability, 2: 805–814.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200708_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200915_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "83. Sustainable Development Report 2020 – Japan\u0027s SDG Achievements ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "83. Sustainable Development Report 2020 – Japan\u0027s SDG Achievements ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Sustainable Development Report 2020 contains a comprehensive analysis of the current state of each index towards achieving the SDGs, past history, forecasts for 2030, and SDG outlook amidst the COVID-19 among member countries of the United Nations. Japan ranks 17th among 166 countries.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Sustainable Development Report 2020 contains a comprehensive analysis of the current state of each index towards achieving the SDGs, past history, forecasts for 2030, and SDG outlook amidst the COVID-19 among member countries of the United Nations. Japan ranks 17th among 166 countries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Sustainable Development Report 2020 contains a comprehensive analysis of the current state of each index towards achieving the SDGs, past history, forecasts for 2030, and SDG outlook amidst the COVID-19 among member countries of the United Nations. Japan is ranked 17th\u0026nbsp;among 166 countries, down by 2 places from the previous report.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on the SDG indicators set for the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the achievement status was ranked on a scale of 100 points. Japan was ranked 17th with 79.2 points (out of 166 nations that can be ranked among UN member states). Despite a slight increase in points from last year (78.9 points), Japan has dropped two places this year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAmong other Asian countries, Korea is ranked 20th\u0026nbsp;(78.3), Thailand is 41st\u0026nbsp;(74.5), China is 48th\u0026nbsp;(73.9), Vietnam is 49th\u0026nbsp;(73.8) and Malaysia is 60th\u0026nbsp;(71.8).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan received high rating for SDG 4 (Quality education), SDG 9 (Industry innovation and infrastructure), and SDG 16 (Peace, justice and strong institutions). However, several major issues remain to be addressed as reflected in the low the rating for SDG 5 (Gender equality), SDG 13 (Climate action), SDG 14 (Life below water), SDG 15 (Life on land), SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe top 10 countries are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERank\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Country\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Score\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Previous rank (2019)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Sweden\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;84.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;2\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;2\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Denmark\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;84.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;1\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;3\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Finland\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;83.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;2\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;4\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;France\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;81.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;4\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;5\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Germany\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;6\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Norway\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;8\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Austria\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;5\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Czech Republic\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;7\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;9\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Netherlands\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.4\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;9\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;10\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Estonia\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;10\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2020): \u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003EThe Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESDG Dashboard\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Sustainable Development Report 2020 contains a comprehensive analysis of the current state of each index towards achieving the SDGs, past history, forecasts for 2030, and SDG outlook amidst the COVID-19 among member countries of the United Nations. Japan is ranked 17th\u0026nbsp;among 166 countries, down by 2 places from the previous report.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on the SDG indicators set for the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the achievement status was ranked on a scale of 100 points. Japan was ranked 17th with 79.2 points (out of 166 nations that can be ranked among UN member states). Despite a slight increase in points from last year (78.9 points), Japan has dropped two places this year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAmong other Asian countries, Korea is ranked 20th\u0026nbsp;(78.3), Thailand is 41st\u0026nbsp;(74.5), China is 48th\u0026nbsp;(73.9), Vietnam is 49th\u0026nbsp;(73.8) and Malaysia is 60th\u0026nbsp;(71.8).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan received high rating for SDG 4 (Quality education), SDG 9 (Industry innovation and infrastructure), and SDG 16 (Peace, justice and strong institutions). However, several major issues remain to be addressed as reflected in the low the rating for SDG 5 (Gender equality), SDG 13 (Climate action), SDG 14 (Life below water), SDG 15 (Life on land), SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe top 10 countries are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERank\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Country\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Score\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Previous rank (2019)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Sweden\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;84.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;2\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;2\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Denmark\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;84.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;1\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;3\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Finland\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;83.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;2\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;4\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;France\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;81.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;4\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;5\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Germany\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;6\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Norway\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;8\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Austria\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;5\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Czech Republic\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;7\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;9\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Netherlands\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.4\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;9\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;10\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Estonia\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;10\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2020): \u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003EThe Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESDG Dashboard\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200709#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "83. 持続可能な開発レポート2020（続編）-日本のSDGs達成状況は？- ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "83. Sustainable Development Report 2020 – Japan\u0027s SDG Achievements ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "前回のPickUp(Pick Up 82)記事では、持続可能な開発ソリューションネットワークとベルテルスマン財団による2020年版持続可能な開発レポートについて紹介しましたが、今回はその中から日本のSDGs達成状況について見ていきたいと思います。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Sustainable Development Report 2020 contains a comprehensive analysis of the current state of each index towards achieving the SDGs, past history, forecasts for 2030, and SDG outlook amidst the COVID-19 among member countries of the United Nations. Japan ranks 17th among 166 countries.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E前回のPickUp(Pick Up 82)記事では、持続可能な開発ソリューションネットワークとベルテルスマン財団による2020年版持続可能な開発レポートについて紹介しましたが、今回はその中から日本のSDGs達成状況について見ていきたいと思います。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E日本は順位を2つ下げて17位：\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E17の持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）に対して設定されたSDG指標をもとに、100点満点で達成状況のランク付けが行われました。日本は79.2ポイントで17位でした（国連加盟国でランク付け可能な166カ国中）。昨年からポイントは若干上昇したものの（昨年78.9ポイント）、順位を2つ下げました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、日本以外のアジアの国では、20位韓国（78.3ポイント）、41位タイ（74.5ポイント）、48位中国（73.9ポイント）49位ベトナム（73.8ポイント）、60位マレーシア（71.8ポイント）という結果でした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E日本は3つのSGDsを達成：\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E目標４（質の高い教育をみんなに）、目標９（産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう）、目標16（平和と公正をすべての人に）については目標達成の評価を得ているのに対して、目標５（ジェンダー平等を実現しよう）、目標13（気候変動に具体的な対策を）、目標14（海の豊かさを守ろう）、目標15（陸の豊かさも守ろう）、目標17（パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう）については主要な課題が残るという低評価でした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E上位3カ国を北欧が、上位15カ国を欧州諸国が独占：\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1位スウェーデン（昨年2位）、2位デンマーク（同1位）、フィンランド（同3位）と北欧諸国が占めました。1位のスウェーデンでさえ目標12（つくる責任つかう責任）や目標13については、主要な課題が残ると評価されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、上位15カ国は欧州諸国が独占し、10位までは以下の通りでした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E順位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 国\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; ポイント\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 昨年順位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; スウェーデン\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 84.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 2位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; デンマーク\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 84.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 1位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; フィンランド\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 83.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 3位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; フランス\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 81.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 4位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; ドイツ\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 80.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 6位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E6位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; ノルウェー\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 80.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 8位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E7位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; オーストリア\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 80.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 5位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E8位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; チェコ\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 80.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 7位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E9位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; オランダ\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 80.4\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 9位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E10位\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; エストニア\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 80.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 10位\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2020): The Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESDGダッシュボード：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　金森紀仁）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Sustainable Development Report 2020 contains a comprehensive analysis of the current state of each index towards achieving the SDGs, past history, forecasts for 2030, and SDG outlook amidst the COVID-19 among member countries of the United Nations. Japan is ranked 17th\u0026nbsp;among 166 countries, down by 2 places from the previous report.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBased on the SDG indicators set for the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the achievement status was ranked on a scale of 100 points. Japan was ranked 17th with 79.2 points (out of 166 nations that can be ranked among UN member states). Despite a slight increase in points from last year (78.9 points), Japan has dropped two places this year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAmong other Asian countries, Korea is ranked 20th\u0026nbsp;(78.3), Thailand is 41st\u0026nbsp;(74.5), China is 48th\u0026nbsp;(73.9), Vietnam is 49th\u0026nbsp;(73.8) and Malaysia is 60th\u0026nbsp;(71.8).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJapan received high rating for SDG 4 (Quality education), SDG 9 (Industry innovation and infrastructure), and SDG 16 (Peace, justice and strong institutions). However, several major issues remain to be addressed as reflected in the low the rating for SDG 5 (Gender equality), SDG 13 (Climate action), SDG 14 (Life below water), SDG 15 (Life on land), SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe top 10 countries are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERank\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Country\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Score\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Previous rank (2019)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Sweden\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;84.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;2\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;2\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Denmark\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;84.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;1\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;3\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Finland\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;83.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;2\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;4\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;France\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;81.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;4\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;5\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Germany\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;6\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Norway\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;8\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Austria\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;5\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;8\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Czech Republic\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;7\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;9\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Netherlands\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.4\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;9\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;10\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Estonia\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;80.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;10\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESachs et al. (2020): \u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003EThe Sustainable Development Goals and Covid-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020\u003C/a\u003E. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2020/2020_sustainable_development_report.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESDG Dashboard\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u0022\u003Ehttps://dashboards.sdgindex.org/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200709_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200818_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "84. Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition — COVID-19: Safeguarding Food Systems and Promoting Health Diets ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "84. Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition — COVID-19: Safeguarding Food Systems and Promoting Health Diets ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition released its latest policy brief on June 29, entitled “COVID-19: safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets\u0022. The Global Panel is a group of international leaders actively involved in nutritional improvement, helping low- and middle-income countries develop evidence-based nutrition policies.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition released its latest policy brief on June 29, entitled “COVID-19: safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets\u0022. The Global Panel is a group of international leaders actively involved in nutritional improvement, helping low- and middle-income countries develop evidence-based nutrition policies.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition released its latest policy brief on June 29, entitled “COVID-19: safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets\u0022. The Global Panel is a group of international leaders actively involved in nutritional improvement, helping low- and middle-income countries develop evidence-based nutrition policies.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBefore the new coronavirus pandemic, about 3 billion people had already eaten inappropriate meals. It is unclear at this time what this number will be due to this decline in income and consumption, but it is expected to increase significantly.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis policy brief focuses on the serious consequences of the new coronavirus on the food system and on people\u0027s diets to date. And it shows the decisions and actions needed to keep the food system functioning, recovering quickly from the current crisis, and building resilience and effectiveness for the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.glopan.org/covid-19-safeguarding-food-systems-and-promoting-healthy-diets/\u0022\u003ENews release “COVID-19: Safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets”\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on July 7\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition released its latest policy brief on June 29, entitled “COVID-19: safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets\u0022. The Global Panel is a group of international leaders actively involved in nutritional improvement, helping low- and middle-income countries develop evidence-based nutrition policies.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBefore the new coronavirus pandemic, about 3 billion people had already eaten inappropriate meals. It is unclear at this time what this number will be due to this decline in income and consumption, but it is expected to increase significantly.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis policy brief focuses on the serious consequences of the new coronavirus on the food system and on people\u0027s diets to date. And it shows the decisions and actions needed to keep the food system functioning, recovering quickly from the current crisis, and building resilience and effectiveness for the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.glopan.org/covid-19-safeguarding-food-systems-and-promoting-healthy-diets/\u0022\u003ENews release “COVID-19: Safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets”\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on July 7\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200710#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "84. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック―フードシステムを守り、健康的な食事を促すために", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "84. Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition — COVID-19: Safeguarding Food Systems and Promoting Health Diets ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "栄養のための農業とフードシステムに関するグローバルパネル（The Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition）は、6月29日に最新のポリシーブリーフ、「新型コロナウイルス：フードシステムを守り健康的な食事を促す（COVID-19: safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets）」を発行しました。本グローバルパネルとは、栄養改善に積極的に関わっている国際的な指導者たちのグループで、低中所得国がエビデンスに基づいた栄養政策を立案するための手助けをしています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition released its latest policy brief on June 29, entitled “COVID-19: safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets\u0022. The Global Panel is a group of international leaders actively involved in nutritional improvement, helping low- and middle-income countries develop evidence-based nutrition policies.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E栄養のための農業とフードシステムに関するグローバルパネル（The Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition）は、6月29日に最新のポリシーブリーフ、「新型コロナウイルス：フードシステムを守り健康的な食事を促す（COVID-19: safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets）」を発行しました。本グローバルパネルとは、栄養改善に積極的に関わっている国際的な指導者たちのグループで、低中所得国がエビデンスに基づいた栄養政策を立案するための手助けをしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック以前より、約30億人が既に不適切な食事をとっていました。今回の所得と消費の減少によってこの人数がどうなるかは今のところ不明ですが、かなりの増加が見込まれます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこのポリシーブリーフでは、新型コロナウイルスがこれまでフードシステムや人々の食生活に与えてきた深刻な影響に焦点を当てています。そして、フードシステムが機能し続け、現在の危機から迅速に回復し、そして将来に向けての強靭性と有効性が構築されるために必要な決断と行動とを示しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E具体的には、消費者と食料供給に焦点を当て、新型コロナウイルスのフードシステムへの影響を緩和するために政策立案者が優先すべき10の行動を提示しています。消費者向けの行動としては、直近の必要な栄養素摂取量を満たすこと、食料価格の変動を監視し必要なときには介入すること、健康的な食事の必要性を周知すること、フェイクニュースを制御すること、が挙げられています。フードシステムを支えるための行動としては、貿易を継続すること、栄養価の高い地元産食品供給を推進すること、中小企業が生存できるよう守ること、長期的にみて有益な方法をとること、政策と行動の効果を都度評価すること、中期予測を注意深く観察すること、を挙げています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eフードシステムは、新型コロナウイルスに加え、温室効果ガスの排出源として、また気候変動や環境資源の劣化などの脅威にもさらされています。フードシステムが将来、より強靭性をもち、より包括的であるために、もう一度考え直す必要があるといえます。現在のパンデミックと経済危機は、フードシステムがその国でどうあるべきかを政策決定者が再考する機会を与えているとも考えられます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E環境にやさしくすべての人々に健康的な食事を届けることのできるフードシステムを持続させるために、食事、食品産業、農業慣行、貯蔵技術、規制制度、価格管理をどうやってより良いものにしていくかが重要な課題になってきます。自然環境やフードシステムを犠牲にするような短絡的な経済復興を避け、特に脆弱な人々に栄養のある食事を届けることを優先させる重要性にも言及しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition, news release “COVID-19: Safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets”\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.glopan.org/covid-19-safeguarding-food-systems-and-promoting-healthy-diets/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.glopan.org/covid-19-safeguarding-food-systems-and-promoting-healthy-diets/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccessed on July 7\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition released its latest policy brief on June 29, entitled “COVID-19: safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets\u0022. The Global Panel is a group of international leaders actively involved in nutritional improvement, helping low- and middle-income countries develop evidence-based nutrition policies.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBefore the new coronavirus pandemic, about 3 billion people had already eaten inappropriate meals. It is unclear at this time what this number will be due to this decline in income and consumption, but it is expected to increase significantly.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis policy brief focuses on the serious consequences of the new coronavirus on the food system and on people\u0027s diets to date. And it shows the decisions and actions needed to keep the food system functioning, recovering quickly from the current crisis, and building resilience and effectiveness for the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.glopan.org/covid-19-safeguarding-food-systems-and-promoting-healthy-diets/\u0022\u003ENews release “COVID-19: Safeguarding food systems and promoting healthy diets”\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;Accessed on July 7\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200710_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200818_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "85.Nature Communications \u0026 National Geographic: Extreme Heat Wave Phenomena", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "85.Nature Communications \u0026 National Geographic: Extreme Heat Wave Phenomena", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "A paper on increasing trends in regional heatwaves was published in Nature Communications on July 3, 2020, showing that the intensity, frequency and duration of heatwaves has changed dramatically in almost every region since 1950. In addition, on July 6, 2020, the National Geographic magazine published an article on the outbreaks of wildfires in Siberia and how heat wave has thawed the tundra. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A paper on increasing trends in regional heatwaves was published in Nature Communications on July 3, 2020, showing that the intensity, frequency and duration of heatwaves has changed dramatically in almost every region since 1950. In addition, on July 6, 2020, the National Geographic magazine published an article on the outbreaks of wildfires in Siberia and how heat wave has thawed the tundra. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 3, 2020, a paper entitled \u0022Increasing trends in regional heat waves\u0022 was published in Nature Communications, focusing on the impacts of prolonged periods of excessive heat on human health, agriculture, workplace productivity, wildfire frequency and intensity, and public infrastructure.\u0026nbsp;Also, on July 6, 2020, the National Geographic magazine published an\u0026nbsp;article on the outbreaks of wildfires\u0026nbsp;which causes a heat wave that melts the Siberian tundra raising alarms among ecologists and climate scientists.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPerkins-Kirkpatrick, S.E., Lewis, S.C. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16970-7\u0022\u003EIncreasing trends in regional heatwaves\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Commun 11, 3357 (2020)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EStone, M. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/07/heat-wave-thawed-siberia-now-on-fire/\u0022\u003EA heat wave thawed Siberia\u0027s tundra\u003C/a\u003E. Now, it\u0027s on fire. National Geographic July 6, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 3, 2020, a paper entitled \u0022Increasing trends in regional heat waves\u0022 was published in Nature Communications, focusing on the impacts of prolonged periods of excessive heat on human health, agriculture, workplace productivity, wildfire frequency and intensity, and public infrastructure.\u0026nbsp;Also, on July 6, 2020, the National Geographic magazine published an\u0026nbsp;article on the outbreaks of wildfires\u0026nbsp;which causes a heat wave that melts the Siberian tundra raising alarms among ecologists and climate scientists.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPerkins-Kirkpatrick, S.E., Lewis, S.C. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16970-7\u0022\u003EIncreasing trends in regional heatwaves\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Commun 11, 3357 (2020)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EStone, M. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/07/heat-wave-thawed-siberia-now-on-fire/\u0022\u003EA heat wave thawed Siberia\u0027s tundra\u003C/a\u003E. Now, it\u0027s on fire. National Geographic July 6, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200713#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "85. Nature Communications \u0026 National Geographic: 地域的な熱波現象の悪化", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "85.Nature Communications \u0026 National Geographic: Extreme Heat Wave Phenomena", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年7月3日、Nature Communications誌にて、「地域レベルでの熱波現象の増加傾向Increasing trends in regional heatwaves」論文が公表され、著者らは1950年以来、ほとんどすべての地域において、熱波の頻度が急激に変化していることを示しました。また、2020年7月6日、National Geographic 誌では、「シベリアのツンドラを溶かしていた熱波、今や火事に　A heat wave thawed Siberia\u0027s tundra. Now, it\u0027s on fire. 」との記事が公表されました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A paper on increasing trends in regional heatwaves was published in Nature Communications on July 3, 2020, showing that the intensity, frequency and duration of heatwaves has changed dramatically in almost every region since 1950. In addition, on July 6, 2020, the National Geographic magazine published an article on the outbreaks of wildfires in Siberia and how heat wave has thawed the tundra. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年7月3日、Nature Communications誌にて、「地域レベルでの熱波現象の増加傾向Increasing trends in regional heatwaves」論文が公表されました。熱波は、極端な気温事象の典型例として、過剰な暑さの継続期間として定義されます。熱波の負の影響は、人類の健康、農業、労働生産性、山火事の頻度と強度、公的インフラ、へと多岐に及びます。熱波の影響は不均衡であり、とりわけ適応能力がなく様々な制約を抱える途上国において甚大なインパクトを及ぼします。これらのインパクトは、地球温暖化のもとで増強することが予測されています。著者らは、1950年以来、ほとんどすべての地域において、熱波の頻度が急激に変化していることを示しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、2020年7月6日、National Geographic 誌では、「シベリアのツンドラを溶かしていた熱波、今や火事にA heat wave thawed Siberia\u0027s tundra. Now, it\u0027s on fire. 」との記事が公表されました。ここ数か月、シベリアでは極度の熱波が観察されています。6月に北極で華氏100°（摂氏38℃）をもたらしただけでなく、この熱波は永久凍土を支えるツンドラの火事を含む、山火事のアウトブレークをもたらしています。通常は氷で覆われ、湿潤で凍ったランドスケープが燃えているという事実に、エコロジストや気候科学者らは、北極が地域・グローバル双方のレベルで雪崩的な現象をもたらしかねない状況に直面していることを懸念しています。地中深く数百年にわたって蓄積されてきた有機物を溶かし燃やすことで炭素が大気中に排出されれば、炎そのものが地球温暖化を悪化させかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPerkins-Kirkpatrick, S.E., Lewis, S.C. Increasing trends in regional heatwaves. Nat Commun 11, 3357 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16970-7\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA heat wave thawed Siberia\u0027s tundra. Now, it\u0027s on fire. BY MADELEINE STONE, July 6, 2020 https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/07/heat-wave-thawed-siberia-now-on-fire/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 3, 2020, a paper entitled \u0022Increasing trends in regional heat waves\u0022 was published in Nature Communications, focusing on the impacts of prolonged periods of excessive heat on human health, agriculture, workplace productivity, wildfire frequency and intensity, and public infrastructure.\u0026nbsp;Also, on July 6, 2020, the National Geographic magazine published an\u0026nbsp;article on the outbreaks of wildfires\u0026nbsp;which causes a heat wave that melts the Siberian tundra raising alarms among ecologists and climate scientists.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPerkins-Kirkpatrick, S.E., Lewis, S.C. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16970-7\u0022\u003EIncreasing trends in regional heatwaves\u003C/a\u003E. Nat Commun 11, 3357 (2020)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EStone, M. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/07/heat-wave-thawed-siberia-now-on-fire/\u0022\u003EA heat wave thawed Siberia\u0027s tundra\u003C/a\u003E. Now, it\u0027s on fire. National Geographic July 6, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200713_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200915_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "86. CCAFS: Actions to Transform Food Systems Under Climate Change", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "86. CCAFS: Actions to Transform Food Systems Under Climate Change", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published a report, “Actions to Transform Food Systems Under Climate Change”, with proposals on goals and target areas to address the challenges. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published a report, “Actions to Transform Food Systems Under Climate Change”, with proposals on goals and target areas to address the challenges. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;CGIAR\u0026nbsp;Research Program on\u0026nbsp;Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published a report,\u0026nbsp;“Actions\u0026nbsp;to Transform\u0026nbsp;Food Systems\u0026nbsp;Under\u0026nbsp;Climate Change”, with proposals on goals and target areas to address the challenges.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 4 action areas towards sustainable, inclusive, healthy and climate-resilient food systems are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. REROUTE farming and rural livelihoods to new trajectories\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 2.\u0026nbsp;DE-RISK\u0026nbsp;livelihoods, farms and value chains\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 3. REDUCE emissions through diets and value chains\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 4.\u0026nbsp;REALIGN policies, finance, support to social movements, and innovation\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESteiner A, et al. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/108489/Actions%20to%20Transform%20Food%20Systems%20Under%20Climate%20Change.pdf\u0022\u003EActions to transform food systems under climate change\u003C/a\u003E. Wageningen, The Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECCAFS Press Release.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ccafs.cgiar.org/news/media-centre/press-releases/covid-19-fractures-food-systems-global-experts-issue-roadmap-avert#.XwcRpCgzY2w\u0022\u003EAs COVID-19 fractures food systems, global experts issue roadmap to avert post-pandemic food shocks caused by climate change\u003C/a\u003E. June 25, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContribitor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;CGIAR\u0026nbsp;Research Program on\u0026nbsp;Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published a report,\u0026nbsp;“Actions\u0026nbsp;to Transform\u0026nbsp;Food Systems\u0026nbsp;Under\u0026nbsp;Climate Change”, with proposals on goals and target areas to address the challenges.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 4 action areas towards sustainable, inclusive, healthy and climate-resilient food systems are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. REROUTE farming and rural livelihoods to new trajectories\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 2.\u0026nbsp;DE-RISK\u0026nbsp;livelihoods, farms and value chains\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 3. REDUCE emissions through diets and value chains\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 4.\u0026nbsp;REALIGN policies, finance, support to social movements, and innovation\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESteiner A, et al. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/108489/Actions%20to%20Transform%20Food%20Systems%20Under%20Climate%20Change.pdf\u0022\u003EActions to transform food systems under climate change\u003C/a\u003E. Wageningen, The Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECCAFS Press Release.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ccafs.cgiar.org/news/media-centre/press-releases/covid-19-fractures-food-systems-global-experts-issue-roadmap-avert#.XwcRpCgzY2w\u0022\u003EAs COVID-19 fractures food systems, global experts issue roadmap to avert post-pandemic food shocks caused by climate change\u003C/a\u003E. June 25, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContribitor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200714#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "86. CCAFS: 気候変動下におけるフードシステム転換のためのアクション", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "86. CCAFS: Actions to Transform Food Systems Under Climate Change", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農業研究機関ネットワークであるCGIARの気候変動・農業・食料安全保障研究プログラム(CCAFS)は、報告書「気候変動下におけるフードシステム転換のためのアクション」を公表、フードシステムにおける気候変動適応・緩和の最優先分野を提案しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published a report, “Actions to Transform Food Systems Under Climate Change”, with proposals on goals and target areas to address the challenges. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際農業研究機関ネットワークであるCGIARの気候変動・農業・食料安全保障研究プログラム(CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security: CCAFS)は、報告書「気候変動下におけるフードシステム転換のためのアクションActions to transform food systems under climate change.」を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eフードシステムは我々に様々な試練をもたらしています。フードシステムの失敗は主に、(i)増え続ける世界人口に対する十分な食料生産; (ii)栄養ニーズの充足; (iii)全ての人々に対する平等で公平な利益供与; (iv)環境・自然資源への負のインパクトの回避、を達成できないことに分類されます。 さらに重要な点は、フードシステムへの気候変動の影響が激しさを増す中、フードシステムは直接・間接的な温室効果ガス排出を通じて気候変動の原因の一つでもあるという事実です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれら課題に応えるために、多くのターゲットやイニシアチブが乱立していますが、残念ながら、それらの殆どは達成できそうにありません。例えば、低栄養をなくそうという現状のスピードでは飢餓撲滅というSDG2達成は叶いそうにありません。また、気候変動ターゲットに関しても、我々の社会は地球温暖化を1.5℃はおろか2℃に抑制するために十分な措置をとっていません。現状の政策ではせいぜい気温上昇を3.1～3.7℃に抑えるのみで、我々は悲劇的な状況に直面することになりかねません、\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動関連の自然災害は、とりわけ脆弱な社会層に対し、大きな経済・医療被害をもたらしています。次の10年で異常気象の頻度と強度に対する小規模農民の強靭性構築を達成するには程遠い状況にあります。さらに、森林破壊の主要因であり、温室効果ガスの排出減でもある農業部門は、パリ協定などの世界気候変動ターゲットを満たす上で、気候変動対応から逃れられません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの報告書は、気候変動のもとで現在かつ将来の人口に対し食料を持続的に供給するには、フードシステム全体の転換の必要性を訴えます。こうした主張をするのは我々が初めてではありません。これまでにも、食料栄養安全保障、小規模農民の所得・生産性向上、貧困・ジェンダー格差解消、生物多様性・エコシステム保全、パワーダイナミックスのシフト、などが提言されてきました。しかし、フードシステムの複雑性を踏まえれば、変化を達成するために優先的に着手すべきアクションへの指針が必要となります。我々は、フードシステムにおける気候変動適応・緩和の最優先分野として、次の4分野でのアクションを提案します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1 農業・農村の暮らしを気候変動適応・緩和に経路変更( Reroute farming and rural livelihoods to new trajectories) 温室効果ガス排出への対応、ジェンダー・社会格差の解消、食生活ニーズを満たしながらも気候変動への強靭性を強める慣行への誘引提供　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 2 生活・農家・バリューチェーンのリスクの除去(de-Risk livelihoods, farms and value chains) \u0026nbsp;包括的な早期警告システム、セーフティーネット、気候情報支援サービス等を通じた天候変動や異常気象などのインパクト削減\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 3 食生活・バリューチェーンからの排出削減(Reduce emissions from diets and value chains) 食生活のシフトとフードロスの大幅な削減\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 4 より強靭で持続的なフードシステム構築のための政策・金融・社会的移動支援、イノベーションの調整 (Realign policies, finance, support to social movements, and innovation to build more resilient and sustainable food systems)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECCAFS As COVID-19 fractures food systems, global experts issue roadmap to avert post-pandemic food shocks caused by climate change. https://ccafs.cgiar.org/news/media-centre/press-releases/covid-19-fractures-food-systems-global-experts-issue-roadmap-avert#.XwcRpCgzY2w\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESteiner A, et al. 2020. Actions to transform food systems under climate change. Wageningen, The Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).　https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/108489/Actions%20to%20Transform%20Food%20Systems%20Under%20Climate%20Change.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;CGIAR\u0026nbsp;Research Program on\u0026nbsp;Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published a report,\u0026nbsp;“Actions\u0026nbsp;to Transform\u0026nbsp;Food Systems\u0026nbsp;Under\u0026nbsp;Climate Change”, with proposals on goals and target areas to address the challenges.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe 4 action areas towards sustainable, inclusive, healthy and climate-resilient food systems are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. REROUTE farming and rural livelihoods to new trajectories\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 2.\u0026nbsp;DE-RISK\u0026nbsp;livelihoods, farms and value chains\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 3. REDUCE emissions through diets and value chains\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E 4.\u0026nbsp;REALIGN policies, finance, support to social movements, and innovation\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESteiner A, et al. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/108489/Actions%20to%20Transform%20Food%20Systems%20Under%20Climate%20Change.pdf\u0022\u003EActions to transform food systems under climate change\u003C/a\u003E. Wageningen, The Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECCAFS Press Release.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ccafs.cgiar.org/news/media-centre/press-releases/covid-19-fractures-food-systems-global-experts-issue-roadmap-avert#.XwcRpCgzY2w\u0022\u003EAs COVID-19 fractures food systems, global experts issue roadmap to avert post-pandemic food shocks caused by climate change\u003C/a\u003E. June 25, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContribitor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200714_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200915_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "87. World Bank Report: Thailand Economic Situation in the Time of COVID-19", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "87. World Bank Report: Thailand Economic Situation in the Time of COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Bank released a report “Thailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19”. The shock of the new coronavirus that hit Thailand in early 2020 highlighted the vulnerabilities of the Thai economy driven by a sharp deterioration in global and domestic demand.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Bank released a report “Thailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19”. The shock of the new coronavirus that hit Thailand in early 2020 highlighted the vulnerabilities of the Thai economy driven by a sharp deterioration in global and domestic demand.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank\u0026nbsp;released a report\u0026nbsp;“Thailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19”.\u0026nbsp;The shock of the new coronavirus that hit Thailand in early 2020 highlighted the vulnerabilities of the Thai economy\u0026nbsp;driven by a sharp deterioration in global and domestic demand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Group. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34047\u0022\u003EThailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. World Bank, Bangkok. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: ANDO Shotaro (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank\u0026nbsp;released a report\u0026nbsp;“Thailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19”.\u0026nbsp;The shock of the new coronavirus that hit Thailand in early 2020 highlighted the vulnerabilities of the Thai economy\u0026nbsp;driven by a sharp deterioration in global and domestic demand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Group. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34047\u0022\u003EThailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. World Bank, Bangkok. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: ANDO Shotaro (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200715#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "87. 世界銀行報告書：COVID-19影響下のタイ国の経済状況", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "87. World Bank Report: Thailand Economic Situation in the Time of COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/thailand#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Thailand", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "タイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Thailand", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界銀行は、「2020年6月のタイ国の経済状況：新型コロナウイルス感染症影響下のタイ（Thailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19）」を発表しました。2020年初頭にタイを襲った新型コロナウイルスによるショックは、タイ経済が持つ脆弱性を浮き彫りにしました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Bank released a report “Thailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19”. The shock of the new coronavirus that hit Thailand in early 2020 highlighted the vulnerabilities of the Thai economy driven by a sharp deterioration in global and domestic demand.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界銀行は、「2020年6月のタイ国の経済状況：新型コロナウイルス感染症影響下のタイ（Thailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19）」を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年初頭にタイを襲った新型コロナウイルスによるショックは、タイ経済が持つ脆弱性を浮き彫りにしました。経済成長は2018年の4.2％から2019年の2.4％に鈍化し、特に2019年第4四半期の業績は低迷していました。成長鈍化の主な要因は、米国と中国の貿易摩擦の影響を反映した輸出需要の低迷、 2020年度予算の通過の遅れによる公共投資の遅れ、農業生産に影響を与えた干ばつの3点です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルスショックは2020年の初めにタイを襲い、すでに大きな経済的影響を及ぼしており、2020年の第1四半期には前年比で1.8％、前四半期比で2.2％の急激な成長の縮小が見られました。世界と国内の需要の急激な悪化によりタイ経済は2020年に、この地域で最も急激に縮小して、5.0％縮小すると予測されています。これは、特に観光収入の減少と世界貿易の弱体化による輸出の急激な減少、さらに、移動制限と強制的な事業の閉鎖の影響を反映した内需の鈍化によるものです。世界的にもタイ国内的にも新型コロナウイルス大発生に至る経路の不確実性が高まっていることから、経済的な予測は今後、マイナス方向に修正される可能性があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研はバンコクに東南アジア連絡拠点を持ち、国際農研の14のプロジェクトの内、半数のプロジェクトがタイで研究を行っており、タイは長年にわたる共同研究パートナーです。COVID-19によって研究活動も制限を受けていますが、ポストコロナの農林水産業セクター強靭化のために、共同研究相手と密接に連絡をとりながら、新しい研究の在り方について協議を続けています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Group. 2020. Thailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19. World Bank, Bangkok. © World Bank. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34047\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　安藤象太郎）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank\u0026nbsp;released a report\u0026nbsp;“Thailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19”.\u0026nbsp;The shock of the new coronavirus that hit Thailand in early 2020 highlighted the vulnerabilities of the Thai economy\u0026nbsp;driven by a sharp deterioration in global and domestic demand.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Group. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34047\u0022\u003EThailand Economic Monitor, June 2020: Thailand in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. World Bank, Bangkok. © World Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: ANDO Shotaro (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200715_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200817_17#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "88. African Development Bank: African Economic Outlook 200 Amid COVID-19", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "88. African Development Bank: African Economic Outlook 200 Amid COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The African Development Bank published the “African Economic Outlook 2020 Supplement 2020 - Amid COVID-19” on July 7, 2020, with projections that the GDP in the African region will drop significantly due to COVID-19, and 30 million people will be losing jobs. Among the diversified reforms needed to revive the economy and accelerate recovery, the importance of boosting the agricultural sector, which provides much of Africa\u0027s employment was highlighted. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The African Development Bank published the “African Economic Outlook 2020 Supplement 2020 - Amid COVID-19” on July 7, 2020, with projections that the GDP in the African region will drop significantly due to COVID-19, and 30 million people will be losing jobs. Among the diversified reforms needed to revive the economy and accelerate recovery, the importance of boosting the agricultural sector, which provides much of Africa\u0027s employment was highlighted. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe African Development Bank released the “African Economic Outlook 2020 Supplement 2020 - Amid COVID-19” on July 7, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Although it was compiled at the beginning of 2020,\u0026nbsp;the outbreak of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 had\u0026nbsp;a great impact on\u0026nbsp;various aspects of the African economy. This supplementary material reviews the economic growth projections of African countries for 2020 and 2021 in order to assess the impact of COVID-19\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;to provide the information needed for countries to take strategic responses.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;GDP in Africa\u0026nbsp;is projected to contract by\u0026nbsp;1.7%\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19, which is a large\u0026nbsp;drop\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;7.3%\u0026nbsp;from the growth projected\u0026nbsp;before\u0026nbsp;the outbreak of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19. There are already some problems caused by the increase in government spending, and it is predicted that prices of daily necessities such as food and energy will rise in the future. In Africa, it is estimated that 425 million people are already in extreme poverty (living for less than US$1.9 a day), but the most pessimistic projection is that COVID-19 will affect another 49 million people\u0026nbsp;and an estimated\u0026nbsp;30 million\u0026nbsp;jobs\u0026nbsp;could be lost.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo tackle this issue, governments and development partners\u0026nbsp;must\u0026nbsp;respond\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;strategic,\u0026nbsp;targeted and rapid manner using all available policy levers, and to further strengthen the economy\u0026nbsp;and build resilience\u0026nbsp;against further issues\u0026nbsp;in the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;world. In order to recover\u0026nbsp;and improve the resilience of\u0026nbsp;the economy, the importance of policy recommendations for improving agricultural productivity and labor was\u0026nbsp;highlighted as\u0026nbsp;agriculture is expected\u0026nbsp;to become\u0026nbsp;a driving force for economic recovery.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEven in Africa, agriculture\u0027s share of GDP is gradually declining, but it still depends on this sector for much of its employment (70%\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;East Africa, 42.7%\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;West Africa). Moreover, in response to the global value chain disruption caused by COVID-19, the stabilization of food production is being recognized again as an important issue.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECurrently, JIRCAS is conducting\u0026nbsp;five\u0026nbsp;projects in eight African countries\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;operating\u0026nbsp;research for the efficiency and stabilization of agriculture. COVID-19 also limits research activities, but in order to strengthen the agricultural, forestry and fisheries sector\u0026nbsp;in the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;era, we\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;working\u0026nbsp;closely with our collaborators to tackle the big problem of food production in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/african-economic-outlook-2020-supplement\u0022\u003EAfrican Economic Outlook 2020 - Supplement\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/east-africa-economic-outlook-2020-coping-covid-19-pandemic\u0022\u003EEast Africa Economic Outlook 2020 - Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/west-africa-economic-outlook-2020-coping-covid-19-pandemic\u0022\u003EWest Africa Economic Outlook 2020 - Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURANAKA Satoru (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe African Development Bank released the “African Economic Outlook 2020 Supplement 2020 - Amid COVID-19” on July 7, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Although it was compiled at the beginning of 2020,\u0026nbsp;the outbreak of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 had\u0026nbsp;a great impact on\u0026nbsp;various aspects of the African economy. This supplementary material reviews the economic growth projections of African countries for 2020 and 2021 in order to assess the impact of COVID-19\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;to provide the information needed for countries to take strategic responses.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;GDP in Africa\u0026nbsp;is projected to contract by\u0026nbsp;1.7%\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19, which is a large\u0026nbsp;drop\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;7.3%\u0026nbsp;from the growth projected\u0026nbsp;before\u0026nbsp;the outbreak of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19. There are already some problems caused by the increase in government spending, and it is predicted that prices of daily necessities such as food and energy will rise in the future. In Africa, it is estimated that 425 million people are already in extreme poverty (living for less than US$1.9 a day), but the most pessimistic projection is that COVID-19 will affect another 49 million people\u0026nbsp;and an estimated\u0026nbsp;30 million\u0026nbsp;jobs\u0026nbsp;could be lost.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo tackle this issue, governments and development partners\u0026nbsp;must\u0026nbsp;respond\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;strategic,\u0026nbsp;targeted and rapid manner using all available policy levers, and to further strengthen the economy\u0026nbsp;and build resilience\u0026nbsp;against further issues\u0026nbsp;in the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;world. In order to recover\u0026nbsp;and improve the resilience of\u0026nbsp;the economy, the importance of policy recommendations for improving agricultural productivity and labor was\u0026nbsp;highlighted as\u0026nbsp;agriculture is expected\u0026nbsp;to become\u0026nbsp;a driving force for economic recovery.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEven in Africa, agriculture\u0027s share of GDP is gradually declining, but it still depends on this sector for much of its employment (70%\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;East Africa, 42.7%\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;West Africa). Moreover, in response to the global value chain disruption caused by COVID-19, the stabilization of food production is being recognized again as an important issue.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECurrently, JIRCAS is conducting\u0026nbsp;five\u0026nbsp;projects in eight African countries\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;operating\u0026nbsp;research for the efficiency and stabilization of agriculture. COVID-19 also limits research activities, but in order to strengthen the agricultural, forestry and fisheries sector\u0026nbsp;in the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;era, we\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;working\u0026nbsp;closely with our collaborators to tackle the big problem of food production in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/african-economic-outlook-2020-supplement\u0022\u003EAfrican Economic Outlook 2020 - Supplement\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/east-africa-economic-outlook-2020-coping-covid-19-pandemic\u0022\u003EEast Africa Economic Outlook 2020 - Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/west-africa-economic-outlook-2020-coping-covid-19-pandemic\u0022\u003EWest Africa Economic Outlook 2020 - Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURANAKA Satoru (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200716#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "88. アフリカ開発銀行: アフリカ経済の展望補足2020 - COVID-19の中で - ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "88. African Development Bank: African Economic Outlook 200 Amid COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカ開発銀行が、2020年7月7日に発表した「アフリカ経済の展望補足2020 - COVID-19の中で」で、アフリカ地域のGDPはCOVID-19により大きく低下し、新たに3000万人が失業する可能性があると予測しました。多くの多角的な取り組みが必要である中、アフリカの雇用の多くを提供する農業セクターへの取り組みの重要性にも触れられています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The African Development Bank published the “African Economic Outlook 2020 Supplement 2020 - Amid COVID-19” on July 7, 2020, with projections that the GDP in the African region will drop significantly due to COVID-19, and 30 million people will be losing jobs. Among the diversified reforms needed to revive the economy and accelerate recovery, the importance of boosting the agricultural sector, which provides much of Africa\u0027s employment was highlighted. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカ開発銀行は、2020年7月7日、「アフリカ経済の展望　補足2020 - COVID-19の中で -\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C/sup\u003E」を発表しました（\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/interviews/african-economic-outlook-supplement-here-how-african-countries-can-deal-covid-19-reopen-economies-and-accelerate-recovery-charles-lufumpa-36761\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/interviews/african-economic-outlook-supplement-here-how-african-countries-can-deal-covid-19-reopen-economies-and-accelerate-recovery-charles-lufumpa-36761\u003C/a\u003E）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eすでに、「アフリカ経済の展望2020」が2020年当初にまとめられていますが、COVID-19の世界、そしてアフリカ経済の多方面に大きな影響を及ぼしています。この補足資料は、COVID-19の問題に起因する多くの変化に対し、2020年、2021年のアフリカ各国の経済成長予測の見直しを行い、COVID-19の経済への影響を評価するとともに、アフリカ諸国が戦略的な対応を取るために必要な情報を提供することを目的として作成されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本資料では、COVID-19の影響を受けた2020年のアフリカ地域のGDPの伸びは1.7％と、COVID-19以前の予測値7.3％から大きく低下すると予測しています。すでに政府支出の増大に起因する問題も散見されており、今後の食料やエネルギーを含む生活必需品の価格上昇が予測されています。アフリカではすでに4.25億人が極度の貧困状態（1日1.9米ドル未満で生活）にあるとされますが、最も悲観的な予測では、今後COVID-19の影響によりさらに4900万人がこの状態に陥り、3000万人が職を失う可能性が示唆されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの問題に対しては、各国政府と開発パートナーとの戦略的な協調した多方面の政策レベルでの取り組みが重要であること、さらにCOVID-19後のさらなる問題に対して、より強固な経済を築いていくための取り組みが重要であることが強調されています。COVID-19後の経済回復やその後の経済の強靭性の向上のためには、農業生産性や労働生産性の向上にむけた政策提言の重要性が触れられており、取り上げられた複数の国でも農業が経済回復の原動力として期待されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカでも農業のGDPに占める割合は徐々に低下していますが、未だ雇用の多く（東アフリカ70%\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003E、西アフリカ42.7%\u003Csup\u003E3\u003C/sup\u003E）をこのセクターに依存しています。また、COVID-19による世界的なバリューチェーンの混乱を受けて、自国での食料生産の安定化が重要な課題として再認識されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研のプロジェクトの内、5つのプロジェクトがアフリカ8カ国で研究活動を行っており、農業の効率化や安定化のための研究を実施しています。COVID-19によって研究活動も制限を受けていますが、COVID-19後の農林水産業セクター強靭化のために、共同研究相手と密接に連絡をとりながら、アフリカの食料生産という大きな問題に取り組んでいきます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(文責：　村中聡、生産環境・畜産領域)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1 African Economic Outlook 2020 - Supplement \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/african-economic-outlook-2020-supplement\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.afdb.org/en/documents/african-economic-outlook-2020-supplement\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2 East Africa Economic Outlook 2020 - Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/east-africa-economic-outlook-2020-coping-covid-19-pandemic\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.afdb.org/en/documents/east-africa-economic-outlook-2020-coping-covid-19-pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3\u0026nbsp;West Africa Economic Outlook 2020 - Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/west-africa-economic-outlook-2020-coping-covid-19-pandemic\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe African Development Bank released the “African Economic Outlook 2020 Supplement 2020 - Amid COVID-19” on July 7, 2020.\u0026nbsp;Although it was compiled at the beginning of 2020,\u0026nbsp;the outbreak of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 had\u0026nbsp;a great impact on\u0026nbsp;various aspects of the African economy. This supplementary material reviews the economic growth projections of African countries for 2020 and 2021 in order to assess the impact of COVID-19\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;to provide the information needed for countries to take strategic responses.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;GDP in Africa\u0026nbsp;is projected to contract by\u0026nbsp;1.7%\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19, which is a large\u0026nbsp;drop\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;7.3%\u0026nbsp;from the growth projected\u0026nbsp;before\u0026nbsp;the outbreak of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19. There are already some problems caused by the increase in government spending, and it is predicted that prices of daily necessities such as food and energy will rise in the future. In Africa, it is estimated that 425 million people are already in extreme poverty (living for less than US$1.9 a day), but the most pessimistic projection is that COVID-19 will affect another 49 million people\u0026nbsp;and an estimated\u0026nbsp;30 million\u0026nbsp;jobs\u0026nbsp;could be lost.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETo tackle this issue, governments and development partners\u0026nbsp;must\u0026nbsp;respond\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;strategic,\u0026nbsp;targeted and rapid manner using all available policy levers, and to further strengthen the economy\u0026nbsp;and build resilience\u0026nbsp;against further issues\u0026nbsp;in the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;world. In order to recover\u0026nbsp;and improve the resilience of\u0026nbsp;the economy, the importance of policy recommendations for improving agricultural productivity and labor was\u0026nbsp;highlighted as\u0026nbsp;agriculture is expected\u0026nbsp;to become\u0026nbsp;a driving force for economic recovery.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEven in Africa, agriculture\u0027s share of GDP is gradually declining, but it still depends on this sector for much of its employment (70%\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;East Africa, 42.7%\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;West Africa). Moreover, in response to the global value chain disruption caused by COVID-19, the stabilization of food production is being recognized again as an important issue.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECurrently, JIRCAS is conducting\u0026nbsp;five\u0026nbsp;projects in eight African countries\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;operating\u0026nbsp;research for the efficiency and stabilization of agriculture. COVID-19 also limits research activities, but in order to strengthen the agricultural, forestry and fisheries sector\u0026nbsp;in the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;era, we\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;working\u0026nbsp;closely with our collaborators to tackle the big problem of food production in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/african-economic-outlook-2020-supplement\u0022\u003EAfrican Economic Outlook 2020 - Supplement\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/east-africa-economic-outlook-2020-coping-covid-19-pandemic\u0022\u003EEast Africa Economic Outlook 2020 - Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/west-africa-economic-outlook-2020-coping-covid-19-pandemic\u0022\u003EWest Africa Economic Outlook 2020 - Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURANAKA Satoru (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200716_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200818#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "89. United Nations Environment Program \u0026 International Livestock Research Institute: Preventing the next pandemic ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "89. United Nations Environment Program \u0026 International Livestock Research Institute: Preventing the next pandemic ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In July 2020, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) published a report “Preventing the next pandemic — Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission”. The report identifies the key anthropogenic drivers for the emergence of zoonoses including increasing demand for animal proteins, unsustainable and intensive agriculture, exploitation of wildlife resources, and climate change.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In July 2020, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) published a report “Preventing the next pandemic — Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission”. The report identifies the key anthropogenic drivers for the emergence of zoonoses including increasing demand for animal proteins, unsustainable and intensive agriculture, exploitation of wildlife resources, and climate change.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn July 2020, the United Nations Environment Programme\u0026nbsp;(UNEP) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) published a report\u0026nbsp;“Preventing\u0026nbsp;the next pandemic\u0026nbsp;— Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission”. The report\u0026nbsp;identifies the key anthropogenic drivers for the emergence of zoonoses including\u0026nbsp;increasing demand for animal proteins, unsustainable and intensive agriculture,\u0026nbsp;exploitation of\u0026nbsp;wildlife\u0026nbsp;resources, and climate change, and how a comprehensive understanding of these drivers is essential in developing effective strategies and policy responses. The report finds important lessons in\u0026nbsp;preventing\u0026nbsp;future outbreaks, especially from Africa, which\u0026nbsp;has experienced and responded to many zoonotic diseases. Details are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations Environment Programme and International Livestock Research Institute (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/32316/ZP.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/32860/ZPKMEN.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003EPreventing the Next Pandemic: Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission\u003C/a\u003E. Nairobi, Kenya.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP \u003Ca href=\u0022http://ttps://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/unite-human-animal-and-environmental-health-prevent-next-pandemic-un\u0022\u003EUnite human, animal and environmental health to prevent the next pandemic – UN Report\u003C/a\u003E. Press Release, July 6 2020. https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/unite-human-animal-and-environmental-health-prevent-next-pandemic-un\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn July 2020, the United Nations Environment Programme\u0026nbsp;(UNEP) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) published a report\u0026nbsp;“Preventing\u0026nbsp;the next pandemic\u0026nbsp;— Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission”. The report\u0026nbsp;identifies the key anthropogenic drivers for the emergence of zoonoses including\u0026nbsp;increasing demand for animal proteins, unsustainable and intensive agriculture,\u0026nbsp;exploitation of\u0026nbsp;wildlife\u0026nbsp;resources, and climate change, and how a comprehensive understanding of these drivers is essential in developing effective strategies and policy responses. The report finds important lessons in\u0026nbsp;preventing\u0026nbsp;future outbreaks, especially from Africa, which\u0026nbsp;has experienced and responded to many zoonotic diseases. Details are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations Environment Programme and International Livestock Research Institute (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/32316/ZP.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/32860/ZPKMEN.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003EPreventing the Next Pandemic: Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission\u003C/a\u003E. Nairobi, Kenya.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP \u003Ca href=\u0022http://ttps://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/unite-human-animal-and-environmental-health-prevent-next-pandemic-un\u0022\u003EUnite human, animal and environmental health to prevent the next pandemic – UN Report\u003C/a\u003E. Press Release, July 6 2020. https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/unite-human-animal-and-environmental-health-prevent-next-pandemic-un\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200717#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "89. 国連環境計画＆国際家畜研究所：次のパンデミックを予防せよ ― 人獣共通感染症の感染経路を断つために", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "89. United Nations Environment Program \u0026 International Livestock Research Institute: Preventing the next pandemic ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年7月、国連環境計画(UNEP)と国際家畜研究所(ILRI)は、「次のパンデミックを予防せよ ― 人獣共通感染症の感染経路を断つために」報告書を公表しました。 報告書は、人獣共通感染症の出現を高めるトレンドとして、動物タンパク質への需要増、非持続的で集約的な農業、野生動物の利用・開発の増加、気候変動、に言及します。報告書は、とりわけ多くの人獣共通感染症を経験・対応してきているアフリカから、将来のアウトブレークを鎮圧する上で重要な教訓を学べるとしています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In July 2020, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) published a report “Preventing the next pandemic — Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission”. The report identifies the key anthropogenic drivers for the emergence of zoonoses including increasing demand for animal proteins, unsustainable and intensive agriculture, exploitation of wildlife resources, and climate change.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年7月、国連環境計画(UNEP)と国際家畜研究所(ILRI)は、「次のパンデミックを予防せよ―人獣共通感染症の感染経路を断つためにPreventing the Next Pandemic: Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission」報告書を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書は、人獣共通感染症の出現を高める7つのトレンド ー 動物タンパク質への需要増、非持続的で集約的な農業、野生動物の利用・開発の増加、気候変動、を含む　―　を挙げます。アフリカはエボラをはじめ、とりわけ人獣共通感染症を数多く経験・対応してきており、将来のアウトブレークを鎮圧する上で重要な教訓を与えてくれます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E毎年、主に低・中所得国における200万の人々がほとんど注目を浴びることのない人獣共通感染症によって命を落としています。同様のアウトブレークは、途上国における家畜の病気、死亡、生産性喪失をもたらす可能性があり、貧困におかれた小規模農民にとって大きな問題です。単独で次の数年間に9兆億ドルの被害が見積もられているCOVID-19を含めずに、過去20年間だけでも人獣共通感染症は1000憶ドル以上の経済損失をもたらしてきました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人獣共通感染症の発現は地球上のいたるところで増加していますが、アフリカでは、アウトブレークにいたらずに済んだケースもあり、その経験を人類・動物・環境の健康を維持する教訓として活かすべきです。アフリカ大陸は、世界でも最後の手つかずの熱帯雨林や野生の生態系を抱えています。アフリカはまた、世界で最も急速な人口増加を経験しており、家畜と野生動物の接触可能性は上昇し、人獣共通感染症のリスクは高まります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書の著書らは、公衆衛生・獣医学・環境専門家が手を合わせるOne Health Approachを推奨します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書は、フランス生物学者のルイ・パスツールが、人獣共通感染症である狂犬病へのワクチンを最初に実施した1885年7月6日である世界人獣共通感染症デイ、に公表されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations Environment Programme and International Livestock Research Institute (2020). Preventing the Next Pandemic: Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission. Nairobi, Kenya.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/32316/ZP.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/32860/ZPKMEN.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP Unite human, animal and environmental health to prevent the next pandemic – UN Report. Press Release, July 6 2020. https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/unite-human-animal-and-environmental-health-prevent-next-pandemic-un\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn July 2020, the United Nations Environment Programme\u0026nbsp;(UNEP) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) published a report\u0026nbsp;“Preventing\u0026nbsp;the next pandemic\u0026nbsp;— Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission”. The report\u0026nbsp;identifies the key anthropogenic drivers for the emergence of zoonoses including\u0026nbsp;increasing demand for animal proteins, unsustainable and intensive agriculture,\u0026nbsp;exploitation of\u0026nbsp;wildlife\u0026nbsp;resources, and climate change, and how a comprehensive understanding of these drivers is essential in developing effective strategies and policy responses. The report finds important lessons in\u0026nbsp;preventing\u0026nbsp;future outbreaks, especially from Africa, which\u0026nbsp;has experienced and responded to many zoonotic diseases. Details are available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations Environment Programme and International Livestock Research Institute (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/32316/ZP.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/32860/ZPKMEN.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003EPreventing the Next Pandemic: Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission\u003C/a\u003E. Nairobi, Kenya.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNEP \u003Ca href=\u0022http://ttps://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/unite-human-animal-and-environmental-health-prevent-next-pandemic-un\u0022\u003EUnite human, animal and environmental health to prevent the next pandemic – UN Report\u003C/a\u003E. Press Release, July 6 2020. https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/unite-human-animal-and-environmental-health-prevent-next-pandemic-un\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200717_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/proc/blog/20200720#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "90. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020: Transforming Food Systems for Affordable Healthy Diets", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "90. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020: Transforming Food Systems for Affordable Healthy Diets", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In July this year, the 2020 edition of \u0022The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report (SOFI)\u0022 was published. SOFI was originally one of the flagship report of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to inform on progress towards ending hunger, achieving food security and improving nutrition. It has been jointly produced by five UN agencies including FAO, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP) and World Health Organization (WHO). This year\u0027s subtitle is \u0022Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets\u0022.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In July this year, the 2020 edition of \u0022The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report (SOFI)\u0022 was published. SOFI was originally one of the flagship report of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to inform on progress towards ending hunger, achieving food security and improving nutrition. It has been jointly produced by five UN agencies including FAO, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP) and World Health Organization (WHO). This year\u0027s subtitle is \u0022Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets\u0022.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn July this year, the 2020 edition of \u0022The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report (SOFI)\u0022 was published. SOFI\u0026nbsp;was originally one of the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;flagship report\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)\u0026nbsp;to inform on progress towards ending hunger, achieving\u0026nbsp;food security\u0026nbsp;and improving\u0026nbsp;nutrition. It has been jointly produced by five UN agencies\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;FAO,\u0026nbsp;International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD),\u0026nbsp;United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF),\u0026nbsp;World Food Programme (WFP) and\u0026nbsp;World Health Organization (WHO). This year\u0027s subtitle is \u0022Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets\u0022. The report is available at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP) \u0026amp; World Health Organization (WHO). 2020. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9692en/online/ca9692en.html\u0022\u003ETransforming food systems for affordable healthy diets\u003C/a\u003E. Rome, FAO.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccessed on July 17\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn July this year, the 2020 edition of \u0022The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report (SOFI)\u0022 was published. SOFI\u0026nbsp;was originally one of the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;flagship report\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)\u0026nbsp;to inform on progress towards ending hunger, achieving\u0026nbsp;food security\u0026nbsp;and improving\u0026nbsp;nutrition. It has been jointly produced by five UN agencies\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;FAO,\u0026nbsp;International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD),\u0026nbsp;United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF),\u0026nbsp;World Food Programme (WFP) and\u0026nbsp;World Health Organization (WHO). This year\u0027s subtitle is \u0022Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets\u0022. The report is available at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP) \u0026amp; World Health Organization (WHO). 2020. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9692en/online/ca9692en.html\u0022\u003ETransforming food systems for affordable healthy diets\u003C/a\u003E. Rome, FAO.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccessed on July 17\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200720#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "90. 報告書「2020年世界の食料安全保障と栄養の現状」：健康的で経済的に入手可能な食事の実現に向けたフードシステムの変革", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "90. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020: Transforming Food Systems for Affordable Healthy Diets", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "今年7月、「世界の食料安全保障と栄養の現状（The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report: SOFI）」の2020年版が発行されました。SOFIはもともと国際連合食糧農業機関（FAO）の旗艦報告書の１つであり、５つの国連機関（FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, WHO）が共同で制作する形をとっています。今年の副題は「健康的で経済的に入手可能な食事の実現に向けたフードシステムの変革（Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets）」です。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In July this year, the 2020 edition of \u0022The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report (SOFI)\u0022 was published. SOFI was originally one of the flagship report of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to inform on progress towards ending hunger, achieving food security and improving nutrition. It has been jointly produced by five UN agencies including FAO, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP) and World Health Organization (WHO). This year\u0027s subtitle is \u0022Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets\u0022.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E今年7月、「世界の食料安全保障と栄養の現状（The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report: SOFI）」の2020年版が発行されました。SOFIはもともと国際連合食糧農業機関（FAO）の旗艦報告書の１つであり、５つの国連機関（FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, WHO）が共同で制作する形をとっています。今年の副題は「健康的で経済的に入手可能な食事の実現に向けたフードシステムの変革（Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets）」です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESDGsが開始されてから5年経ち、目標2（飢餓の撲滅）の進捗状況を評価する時期になってきました。本報告書では、中国を含む多くの国の最新データを反映し、より正確な評価を行っています。また、最新の世界経済見通しに沿って、新型コロナウイルス・パンデミックが食料安全保障と栄養に与える影響予測も試みています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現在世界中で6億9000万人（世界人口の8.9%）が飢餓に苦しんでいます。世界の飢餓人口はしばらく減少傾向にありましたが、2014年から緩やかな増加に転じ、その増加傾向は続いています。このままではSDGsの目標２の達成は難しいでしょう。さらに、新型コロナウイルスによって、特に弱い立場の人たちを中心に、8300万人から1億3200万人の人々が栄養不足に陥るとも予測されています。ちなみに飢餓人口の分布も変化しつつあり、現在アジア地域が世界の半数以上を占めていますが、2030年にはアフリカ地域が半数以上になると予測されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、食料不安は飢餓以上の課題であり、世界で約20億人が中程度・重度の食料不安を経験しています。さらに、飢餓や食料不安だけではなく、過体重などのさまざまな形の栄養不良にも向き合わなければなりません。子どもの発育阻害、低出生体重の割合、完全母乳育児は改善しつつあるとはいえ、国際栄養目標（2025年期限）やSDGs（2030年期限）に対する進捗としては遅れをとっており、また大人の肥満は全ての地域において増加しているなど、多くの問題が残っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESDGsの目標２を達成するためには、人々が十分な食事を食べていること、そしてその食事は栄養価が高く、入手可能なものであることが必要です。今年の報告書では、初めて、食事へのアクセスだけでなく、「健康的な（多様な食品群を含み、食品群内の多様性にも富む）食事」へのアクセスにも注目しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E健康的な食事は平均して、必要なエネルギー量を満たすためだけの食事の5倍高価だとされ、それを満たすためには国際的な貧困ラインや多くの国の平均食料支出額を超えてしまいいます。健康的な食事にありつけない人は現在世界中で少なくとも30億人いると見積もられました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eさらに、食事には直接的なコストに加え、健康や気候変動に関わる「隠れたコスト」もあります。現在の消費パターンを続けた場合に比べると、健康的で環境にも配慮した食事にシフトした場合、健康に関するコストは97％削減、温室効果ガス排出の社会的コストは41-74%削減されると試算されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP) \u0026amp; World Health Organization (WHO). 2020. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets. Rome, FAO.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttp://www.fao.org/3/ca9692en/online/ca9692en.html\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccessed on July 17\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn July this year, the 2020 edition of \u0022The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World Report (SOFI)\u0022 was published. SOFI\u0026nbsp;was originally one of the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;flagship report\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)\u0026nbsp;to inform on progress towards ending hunger, achieving\u0026nbsp;food security\u0026nbsp;and improving\u0026nbsp;nutrition. It has been jointly produced by five UN agencies\u0026nbsp;including\u0026nbsp;FAO,\u0026nbsp;International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD),\u0026nbsp;United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF),\u0026nbsp;World Food Programme (WFP) and\u0026nbsp;World Health Organization (WHO). This year\u0027s subtitle is \u0022Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets\u0022. The report is available at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Food Programme (WFP) \u0026amp; World Health Organization (WHO). 2020. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/ca9692en/online/ca9692en.html\u0022\u003ETransforming food systems for affordable healthy diets\u003C/a\u003E. Rome, FAO.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccessed on July 17\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200720_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200915_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "91. Commodity Crop Exports in the Coronavirus Crisis一The Case of Kenya", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "91. Commodity Crop Exports in the Coronavirus Crisis一The Case of Kenya", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "International trade has been significantly affected by the border blockade caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, in developing countries, which are commodity exporters of agricultural products, lockdown measures imposed by governments have caused severe disruption to supply chains. Even in Kenya, where foreign currency income is dependent on export crops such as tea, fruits and vegetables, a sharp decline in demand in Europe and the Middle East in March 2020 and a rise in freight costs due to a decrease in passenger flights severely hit the agricultural sector. In the case of Kenya, there are reports that exports of some commodities such as tea and fruits withstood the coronavirus shock and are recovering.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International trade has been significantly affected by the border blockade caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, in developing countries, which are commodity exporters of agricultural products, lockdown measures imposed by governments have caused severe disruption to supply chains. Even in Kenya, where foreign currency income is dependent on export crops such as tea, fruits and vegetables, a sharp decline in demand in Europe and the Middle East in March 2020 and a rise in freight costs due to a decrease in passenger flights severely hit the agricultural sector. In the case of Kenya, there are reports that exports of some commodities such as tea and fruits withstood the coronavirus shock and are recovering.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EInternational trade has been significantly affected by the border blockade caused by the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic.\u0026nbsp;In particular, in developing countries, which are commodity exporters of agricultural products,\u0026nbsp;lockdown measures imposed by governments have caused severe disruption to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;supply chains. Even in Kenya, where foreign currency income is dependent on export crops such as tea, fruits and vegetables, a sharp decline in demand in Europe and the Middle East\u0026nbsp;in March 2020\u0026nbsp;and a rise in freight costs due to a decrease in passenger flights severely hit the agricultural sector.\u0026nbsp;In the case of Kenya, there are reports that exports of some commodities such as tea and fruits\u0026nbsp;withstood the coronavirus shock and\u0026nbsp;are recovering.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC News.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.com/news/business-53100287\u0022\u003ECoronavirus: How Africa\u0027s supply chains are evolving\u003C/a\u003E By Mary-Ann Russon \u0026nbsp;June 25, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDaily Nation. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nation.co.ke/kenya/business/covid-19-boosts-kenyan-avocado-exports-1762108\u0022\u003EKenya earns Sh8bn from avocados as Covid-19 boosts exports\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;July 14, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAndrew Mold and Anthony Mveyange \u003Ca href=\u0022http://ttps://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/EAC_COVID_Mold_Mveyange.pdf\u0022\u003EThe impact of the COVID-19 crisis on trade Recent evidence from East Africa\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Standard. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001377090/kenyan-exports-defy-coronavirus-shocks\u0022\u003EKenyan exports defy coronavirus shocks\u003C/a\u003E　By Macharia Kamau,\u0026nbsp;July 1,\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EInternational trade has been significantly affected by the border blockade caused by the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic.\u0026nbsp;In particular, in developing countries, which are commodity exporters of agricultural products,\u0026nbsp;lockdown measures imposed by governments have caused severe disruption to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;supply chains. Even in Kenya, where foreign currency income is dependent on export crops such as tea, fruits and vegetables, a sharp decline in demand in Europe and the Middle East\u0026nbsp;in March 2020\u0026nbsp;and a rise in freight costs due to a decrease in passenger flights severely hit the agricultural sector.\u0026nbsp;In the case of Kenya, there are reports that exports of some commodities such as tea and fruits\u0026nbsp;withstood the coronavirus shock and\u0026nbsp;are recovering.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC News.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.com/news/business-53100287\u0022\u003ECoronavirus: How Africa\u0027s supply chains are evolving\u003C/a\u003E By Mary-Ann Russon \u0026nbsp;June 25, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDaily Nation. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nation.co.ke/kenya/business/covid-19-boosts-kenyan-avocado-exports-1762108\u0022\u003EKenya earns Sh8bn from avocados as Covid-19 boosts exports\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;July 14, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAndrew Mold and Anthony Mveyange \u003Ca href=\u0022http://ttps://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/EAC_COVID_Mold_Mveyange.pdf\u0022\u003EThe impact of the COVID-19 crisis on trade Recent evidence from East Africa\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Standard. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001377090/kenyan-exports-defy-coronavirus-shocks\u0022\u003EKenyan exports defy coronavirus shocks\u003C/a\u003E　By Macharia Kamau,\u0026nbsp;July 1,\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200721#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "91. コロナ危機における商品作物輸出 －　ケニアのケース", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "91. Commodity Crop Exports in the Coronavirus Crisis一The Case of Kenya", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による国境封鎖により、国際貿易は大きな影響を受けています。とりわけ、商品農産物輸出国である途上国では、サプライチェーンの寸断により出荷ができない状況が生じました。茶・青果物・花卉などの輸出作物に外貨収入を依存するケニアにおいても、2020年3月に欧州や中東での需要激減や、旅客便の減少による貨物費上昇で、農業セクターが大きな打撃を受けていることが伝えられていました。ここに来て、茶・青果物など一部の商品作物輸出が回復しているとの分析や報告があります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "International trade has been significantly affected by the border blockade caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, in developing countries, which are commodity exporters of agricultural products, lockdown measures imposed by governments have caused severe disruption to supply chains. Even in Kenya, where foreign currency income is dependent on export crops such as tea, fruits and vegetables, a sharp decline in demand in Europe and the Middle East in March 2020 and a rise in freight costs due to a decrease in passenger flights severely hit the agricultural sector. In the case of Kenya, there are reports that exports of some commodities such as tea and fruits withstood the coronavirus shock and are recovering.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)による国境封鎖により、国際貿易は大きな影響を受けています。とりわけ、商品農産物輸出国である途上国では、サプライチェーンの寸断により出荷ができない状況が生じました。茶・青果物・花卉などの輸出作物に外貨収入を依存するケニアにおいても、2020年3月に欧州や中東での需要激減や、旅客便の減少による貨物費上昇で、農業セクターが大きな打撃を受けていることが伝えられていました（Pick Up 15, 40, 41, 81）。ここに来て、一部の商品作物輸出が回復しているとの分析や報道があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年5月までのデータを用い、COVID-19危機の東アフリカ共同体(EAC)の地域貿易への影響を分析したMold and Mveyange(2020)によると、世界的な貿易縮小への悲観論が漂う中、ケニアの第一四半期の輸出パフォーマンスは改善したと報告しています。COVID-19危機によるケニア貿易へのショックは当初は衝撃的でしたが、季節性に配慮すればそれ程ではなく、茶や果物などの一部産品の輸出は去年よりも健闘しているとのことです。COVID-19による国際線運航停止と需要の崩壊により、ケニアからアメリカ（繊維製品）やオランダ（ケニアの園芸作物輸出の80％を占めるEU向け花卉・野菜）への輸出は4月に中断されましたが、全てのサプライチェーンが機能しなくなったわけではなかったようです。3月には取引所が閉鎖された紅茶(Pick Up 15)に関しては、エジプト、パキスタン、UAE、イギリス向けに、4月に記録的な輸出量を達成したとのことです。一方で近隣の内陸国は輸出減に大きな打撃を受けており、地域の主要国としてケニアが域内貿易でリーダーシップをとることが期待されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eケニアからの報道(The Standard July 1st, The Daily Nation July 14th)でも、ケニア統計局の発表した数値から見るに、過去数か月間、主要な輸出産品はコロナショックに耐え、国内移動規制や輸出先でのロックダウンにもかかわらず、茶・果物・野菜は4・5月に昨年以上のパフォーマンスを達成しているとのことです。とくにアボカド輸出は、記録的な輸出額を達成しました。アボカドの輸出先はオランダ、スペイン、UAE、ロシア、フランス、ベルギー、です。他方、コーヒー、花卉部門は売り上げの落ち込みを経験しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC（6月25日）によると、コロナ禍において、エチオピア航空とケニア航空は財政状況が厳しい中、貨物ビジネス等を通じてコロナ危機を乗り切ろうとしています。BBCが取材した日には、ケニア航空の地上職員がロンドン行きボーイング787ドリームライナーの乗客席も使って40トンの花卉・果物・野菜を積み込んでいる最中であったとのことです。アフリカ諸国のサプライチェーンはまだ完全ではなく、アフリカ開発銀行の推計によると、大陸が必要とするインフラ水準に達するには、毎年900-1300憶ドルもの投資が必要とされています。これは途方もない額ですが、中国、インド、韓国、シンガポール、イラン、ロシアの企業はアフリカ大陸のインフラ投資へ資金をつぎ込んでいます。BBCからインタビューを受けた起業家は「アフリカはどんな大陸よりも若い人口にあふれている。アフリカの消費者向けの消費財を生産し売るチャンスに参画するのは誰か？　1970年代、中国は開発が遅れていたが、人々は投資機会を見出して進出していった。我々は今、アフリカに同様の機会を見出している。」と語りました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC Coronavirus: How Africa\u0027s supply chains are evolving By Mary-Ann Russon Business reporter, BBC News\u0026nbsp; 25 June 2020 https://www.bbc.com/news/business-53100287\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDaily Nation. Kenya earns Sh8bn from avocados as Covid-19 boosts exports　TUESDAY JULY 14 2020 https://www.nation.co.ke/kenya/business/covid-19-boosts-kenyan-avocado-exports-1762108\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAndrew Mold and Anthony Mveyange The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on trade Recent evidence from East Africa \u0026nbsp;https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/EAC_COVID_Mold_Mveyange.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Standard. Kenyan exports defy coronavirus shocks　By MACHARIA KAMAU | July 1st 2020 at 12:00:00 GMT +0300 https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001377090/kenyan-exports-defy-coronavirus-shocks\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 15. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―世界貿易減少と商品作物輸出依存途上国への影響 https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200412\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick UP 40. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ―国際農業開発基金 (IFAD) - COVID-19 対策によるアフリカ農業と農村貧困層支援 https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200516\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 41. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― ロックダウン下の青果物グローバル・サプライ・チェーン https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200517\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 81. 農業部門の変革を通じ、アフリカにおける食料安全保障危機を終わらせよhttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200707\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EInternational trade has been significantly affected by the border blockade caused by the COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic.\u0026nbsp;In particular, in developing countries, which are commodity exporters of agricultural products,\u0026nbsp;lockdown measures imposed by governments have caused severe disruption to\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;supply chains. Even in Kenya, where foreign currency income is dependent on export crops such as tea, fruits and vegetables, a sharp decline in demand in Europe and the Middle East\u0026nbsp;in March 2020\u0026nbsp;and a rise in freight costs due to a decrease in passenger flights severely hit the agricultural sector.\u0026nbsp;In the case of Kenya, there are reports that exports of some commodities such as tea and fruits\u0026nbsp;withstood the coronavirus shock and\u0026nbsp;are recovering.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBBC News.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.bbc.com/news/business-53100287\u0022\u003ECoronavirus: How Africa\u0027s supply chains are evolving\u003C/a\u003E By Mary-Ann Russon \u0026nbsp;June 25, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDaily Nation. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nation.co.ke/kenya/business/covid-19-boosts-kenyan-avocado-exports-1762108\u0022\u003EKenya earns Sh8bn from avocados as Covid-19 boosts exports\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;July 14, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAndrew Mold and Anthony Mveyange \u003Ca href=\u0022http://ttps://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/EAC_COVID_Mold_Mveyange.pdf\u0022\u003EThe impact of the COVID-19 crisis on trade Recent evidence from East Africa\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Standard. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/article/2001377090/kenyan-exports-defy-coronavirus-shocks\u0022\u003EKenyan exports defy coronavirus shocks\u003C/a\u003E　By Macharia Kamau,\u0026nbsp;July 1,\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200721_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200819_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "92. Emerald Publishing: The Global Inclusivity Report 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "92. Emerald Publishing: The Global Inclusivity Report 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Emerald Publishing, one of the scholarly publishing groups, published “The Global Inclusivity Report 2020” on July 17, 2020, summarizing the possibilities of how the academic sector can contribute to the realization of a highly inclusive society. The report discusses the meaning of inclusivity, the barriers to inclusivity, the benefits of an inclusive society, and how it can enhance the workplace. Furthermore, it elaborates on how the academic and research community can make a great contribution to correct political judgment, raising public awareness, improving learning quality etc. on this issue through knowledge sharing and the need to work in partnership with civil society and various other sectors.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Emerald Publishing, one of the scholarly publishing groups, published “The Global Inclusivity Report 2020” on July 17, 2020, summarizing the possibilities of how the academic sector can contribute to the realization of a highly inclusive society. The report discusses the meaning of inclusivity, the barriers to inclusivity, the benefits of an inclusive society, and how it can enhance the workplace. Furthermore, it elaborates on how the academic and research community can make a great contribution to correct political judgment, raising public awareness, improving learning quality etc. on this issue through knowledge sharing and the need to work in partnership with civil society and various other sectors.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EEmerald Publishing, one of the scholarly publishing groups, published\u0026nbsp;“The Global Inclusivity Report 2020”\u0026nbsp;on July 17, 2020, summarizing\u0026nbsp;the possibilities of how the academic sector can contribute to the realization of a highly inclusive society.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;report discusses the meaning of inclusivity, the barriers to inclusivity, the benefits of an inclusive society, and how it can enhance the workplace. Furthermore, it elaborates on how the\u0026nbsp;academic\u0026nbsp;and research community\u0026nbsp;can make a great contribution to correct political judgment, raising public awareness, improving learning quality etc. on this issue through knowledge sharing\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;need to work in partnership with civil society and various other sectors.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Inclusivity Report 2020 is available at\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWeb Version：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/global-2020-inclusivity-report\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/global-2020-inclusivity-report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPDF Version：https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/sites/default/files/2020-06/emerald-global-inclusivity-report_0.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURANAKA Satoru (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EEmerald Publishing, one of the scholarly publishing groups, published\u0026nbsp;“The Global Inclusivity Report 2020”\u0026nbsp;on July 17, 2020, summarizing\u0026nbsp;the possibilities of how the academic sector can contribute to the realization of a highly inclusive society.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;report discusses the meaning of inclusivity, the barriers to inclusivity, the benefits of an inclusive society, and how it can enhance the workplace. Furthermore, it elaborates on how the\u0026nbsp;academic\u0026nbsp;and research community\u0026nbsp;can make a great contribution to correct political judgment, raising public awareness, improving learning quality etc. on this issue through knowledge sharing\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;need to work in partnership with civil society and various other sectors.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Inclusivity Report 2020 is available at\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWeb Version：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/global-2020-inclusivity-report\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/global-2020-inclusivity-report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPDF Version：https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/sites/default/files/2020-06/emerald-global-inclusivity-report_0.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURANAKA Satoru (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200722#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "92. Emerald Publishing: 誰も排除しないために - The Grobal Inclusivity Report 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "92. Emerald Publishing: The Global Inclusivity Report 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "学術出版グループの一つEmerald Publishingが、インクルーシビティの高い社会の実現に対して、学術部門がどのように貢献できるかという視点からその可能性をまとめた「The Grobal Inclusivity Report 2020」を2020年7月17日に発表しました。このレポートでは、学術部門は「知識の共有」を通じて、この問題に対する「正しい政治的判断」、「人々の意識向上」、「学びの質の向上」などについて大きな貢献できるとし、政治やビジネス、教育、市民社会、その他の多様な部門と連携した活動が必要だとしています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Emerald Publishing, one of the scholarly publishing groups, published “The Global Inclusivity Report 2020” on July 17, 2020, summarizing the possibilities of how the academic sector can contribute to the realization of a highly inclusive society. The report discusses the meaning of inclusivity, the barriers to inclusivity, the benefits of an inclusive society, and how it can enhance the workplace. Furthermore, it elaborates on how the academic and research community can make a great contribution to correct political judgment, raising public awareness, improving learning quality etc. on this issue through knowledge sharing and the need to work in partnership with civil society and various other sectors.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003Eインクルーシビティ（Inclusivity）、「誰も排除しない」は持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）を理解するための重要なキーワードの一つですが、学術部門がこの点についてどのような貢献が可能かという視点で情報をまとめた「The Grobal Inclusivity Report 2020\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C/sup\u003E」が世界的な学術出版グループの一つEmerald Publishingから発表されました。（https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/global-2020-inclusivity-report）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこのレポートは、2020年3月に実施された世界の202カ国の1055人の研究者・編集者等へのアンケート調査と、アメリカ合衆国とイギリイスの1000人の一般市民のデータをもとに作成されたもので、インクルーシビティへの期待やその効果、実現に向けての障害、そして学術部門が果たす役割についてまとめています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本レポートでは、学術部門の多くの人が、職場、そしてより広い意味での社会にとって、インクルーシビティが重要だという点については賛同し、インクルーシビティは、思考の多様化、創造性や生産性、職場のやる気を高めるなどの効果があるとしています。しかし、学術部門80％の人々が経済的な効果があると考える一方で、13％の人々がインクルーシビティ自体は特に利益を生まないと考えていることも明らかとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、学術部門の多くの人々は、インクルーシビティの高い社会を作る上で、大きな障壁は「貧困」や「人種」、「階級」であり、どのような経済・社会状態で生まれるかが、その人の生涯を通じて得ることができるチャンスを大きく左右すると考えているようです。そして、興味深いことに、これまで50年間にわたって着目をされてきた「年齢」や「性別」はインクルーシビティの高い社会を作る上で大きな障壁であるものの、「貧困」等の問題よりも重要度がやや低いと判断されています。しかし、その一方で「性別」については、男女による認識の差も示され、インクルーシビティを実現するまでの過程の複雑さも浮き彫りにしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこのようなインクルーシビティについて、学術部門からはどのような貢献ができるのか、という問いに対して、本レポートでは「正しい政治的判断」、「人々の意識向上」、「学びの質の向上」などについて、学術部門は「知識の共有」を通じて大きな貢献できるとし、さらなる活動や支援の必要性について述べています。非常に複雑なインクルーシビティの問題ですが、学術部門は、政治やビジネス、教育、市民社会、その他の多様な部門とともに、インクルーシビティの高い社会を実現するための大きな鍵となると本レポートは強調しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研では、これまで開発途上地域における共同研究実施を通して人材育成に取り組み、男女共同参画推進に貢献してきました。平成28年度からは、文部科学省科学技術人材育成費補助事業ダイバーシティ研究環境実現イニシアティブ「女性研究者の活躍推進を実現する “ 関東プラットフォーム”の創生と全国展開」に参画し、女性研究者が一層活躍できる環境の整備に取り組むとともに、２つの国際シンポジウム 「国際農業･食料･栄養研究における女性研究者の活躍推進（2017年）\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003E」、「『水産』で活躍する女性研究者 ～ SDGsへの貢献（2018）\u003Csup\u003E3\u003C/sup\u003E」を通じて、情報提供や活発な議論の場を提供してきました。今後も、研究や様々な取り組みを通じて、インクルーシビティの高い社会の実現に貢献していきます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1 Global Inclusivity Report 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWeb版：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/global-2020-inclusivity-report\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/global-2020-inclusivity-report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPDF版：https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/sites/default/files/2020-06/emerald-global-inclusivity-report_0.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2 JIRCAS国際シンポジウム2017「国際農業･食料･栄養研究における女性研究者の活躍推進」\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/event/2017/intl_symp\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3 JIRCAS国際シンポジウム2018「『水産』で活躍する女性研究者 ～ SDGsへの貢献」を開催\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/reports/2018/r20190111\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E文責：　村中聡、生産環境・畜産領域\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EEmerald Publishing, one of the scholarly publishing groups, published\u0026nbsp;“The Global Inclusivity Report 2020”\u0026nbsp;on July 17, 2020, summarizing\u0026nbsp;the possibilities of how the academic sector can contribute to the realization of a highly inclusive society.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;report discusses the meaning of inclusivity, the barriers to inclusivity, the benefits of an inclusive society, and how it can enhance the workplace. Furthermore, it elaborates on how the\u0026nbsp;academic\u0026nbsp;and research community\u0026nbsp;can make a great contribution to correct political judgment, raising public awareness, improving learning quality etc. on this issue through knowledge sharing\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;need to work in partnership with civil society and various other sectors.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Inclusivity Report 2020 is available at\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWeb Version：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/global-2020-inclusivity-report\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/global-2020-inclusivity-report\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPDF Version：https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/sites/default/files/2020-06/emerald-global-inclusivity-report_0.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MURANAKA Satoru (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200722_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200819_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "93. FAO July 2020 Report on Food Price Trends", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "93. FAO July 2020 Report on Food Price Trends", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA) Bulletin Monthly Report in July 2020, wheat export prices continued to decline in June, and international rice prices decreased for the first time this year. In contrast, the prices of maize which have been on a downtrend for the past few months, have turned upward due to strong global demand.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA) Bulletin Monthly Report in July 2020, wheat export prices continued to decline in June, and international rice prices decreased for the first time this year. In contrast, the prices of maize which have been on a downtrend for the past few months, have turned upward due to strong global demand.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA)\u0026nbsp;Bulletin Monthly Report in July 2020, wheat export prices continued to\u0026nbsp;decline\u0026nbsp;in June, and international rice prices\u0026nbsp;decreased\u0026nbsp;for the first time this year. In contrast,\u0026nbsp;the prices of\u0026nbsp;maize which have been on a downtrend for the past few months, have turned upward\u0026nbsp;due to strong global demand. Details are available at the following link:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/cb0188en/cb0188en.pdf\u0022\u003EFPAM (Food Price and Monitoring Analysis) Bulletin #6\u003C/a\u003E. July 14, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA)\u0026nbsp;Bulletin Monthly Report in July 2020, wheat export prices continued to\u0026nbsp;decline\u0026nbsp;in June, and international rice prices\u0026nbsp;decreased\u0026nbsp;for the first time this year. In contrast,\u0026nbsp;the prices of\u0026nbsp;maize which have been on a downtrend for the past few months, have turned upward\u0026nbsp;due to strong global demand. Details are available at the following link:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/cb0188en/cb0188en.pdf\u0022\u003EFPAM (Food Price and Monitoring Analysis) Bulletin #6\u003C/a\u003E. July 14, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200723#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "93. 国連食糧農業機関 (FAO) 2020年7月食料価格動向速報", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "93. FAO July 2020 Report on Food Price Trends", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連食糧農業機関(FAO)の2020年7月食料価格動向速報(Food Price Monitoring and Analysis: FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report)によると、 小麦輸出価格は6月も引き続き下落、 コメの国際価格は今年はじめて下落、対照的に、過去数か月間下落傾向にあったメイズ価格は上昇に転じました", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA) Bulletin Monthly Report in July 2020, wheat export prices continued to decline in June, and international rice prices decreased for the first time this year. In contrast, the prices of maize which have been on a downtrend for the past few months, have turned upward due to strong global demand.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国連食糧農業機関(FAO) は、世界・地域・国レベルでの最新価格動向について、食料価格動向速報(Food Price Monitoring and Analysis: FPMA Bulletin Monthly Report)を公表し、とくに価格上昇が観察される国々の事情について詳細な情報を提供しています。 以下、2020年7月速報の概要を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E小麦輸出価格は新たな収穫と世界的な順調な供給の見通しを受け、6月も引き続き下落しました。 コメの国際価格は、貿易活動の鈍化により、今年に入って以来はじめて下落しました。対照的に、過去数か月間下落傾向にあったメイズ価格は、世界的な需要増とアメリカでの栽培条件の悪化を受けて上昇に転じました。東アフリカにおいては、新たな収穫とCOVID-19関連のロックダウン措置緩和が市場状況を改善したのを受け、6月に穀物価格は下落しました。対照的にスーダンでは、国内供給のひっ迫、為替の下落、パンデミック制圧措置によるサプライチェーン分断により、価格は上昇し続けました。中央アメリカでは、季節的な変動に内外の需要とCOVID-19への懸念が加わり豆価格が上昇し、幾つかの国では史上最高値をつけました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. FPAM (Food Price and Monitoring Analysis) Bulletin #6. July 14, 2020. http://www.fao.org/3/cb0188en/cb0188en.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Food Price Monitoring and Analysis (FPMA)\u0026nbsp;Bulletin Monthly Report in July 2020, wheat export prices continued to\u0026nbsp;decline\u0026nbsp;in June, and international rice prices\u0026nbsp;decreased\u0026nbsp;for the first time this year. In contrast,\u0026nbsp;the prices of\u0026nbsp;maize which have been on a downtrend for the past few months, have turned upward\u0026nbsp;due to strong global demand. Details are available at the following link:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/3/cb0188en/cb0188en.pdf\u0022\u003EFPAM (Food Price and Monitoring Analysis) Bulletin #6\u003C/a\u003E. July 14, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200723_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200819_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "94. United Nations: Why a sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "94. United Nations: Why a sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In July 2020, UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), World Food Program (WFP) published an article entitled \u0022Why sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world\u0022. The article discusses how the post-COVID-19 crisis economic reconstruction can provide an opportunity to transform the global food system and make it resilient to future shocks, ensuring environmental sustainability and a nutritious food supply.\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In July 2020, UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), World Food Program (WFP) published an article entitled \u0022Why sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world\u0022. The article discusses how the post-COVID-19 crisis economic reconstruction can provide an opportunity to transform the global food system and make it resilient to future shocks, ensuring environmental sustainability and a nutritious food supply.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn July 2020, UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), World Food Program (WFP)\u0026nbsp;published an article entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022Why sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world\u0022.\u0026nbsp;The article discusses how the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;crisis\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;reconstruction\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;provide an opportunity to transform the global food system\u0026nbsp;and make it\u0026nbsp;resilient\u0026nbsp;to future shocks, ensuring environmental sustainability and a nutritious food supply.\u0026nbsp;The article is available at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/why-sustainable-food-systems-are-needed-post-covid-world\u0022\u003EWhy sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;Nicoletta Batini (International Monetary Fund), James Lomax (United Nations Environment Programme), and Divya Mehra (World Food Programme) 14 JUL 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn July 2020, UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), World Food Program (WFP)\u0026nbsp;published an article entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022Why sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world\u0022.\u0026nbsp;The article discusses how the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;crisis\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;reconstruction\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;provide an opportunity to transform the global food system\u0026nbsp;and make it\u0026nbsp;resilient\u0026nbsp;to future shocks, ensuring environmental sustainability and a nutritious food supply.\u0026nbsp;The article is available at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/why-sustainable-food-systems-are-needed-post-covid-world\u0022\u003EWhy sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;Nicoletta Batini (International Monetary Fund), James Lomax (United Nations Environment Programme), and Divya Mehra (World Food Programme) 14 JUL 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200724#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "94. 国連: なぜポストCOVIDの世界において持続的なフードシステムが必要とされているか", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "94. United Nations: Why a sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "COVID-19危機後の経済再建は、グローバルフードシステムを、環境持続性と栄養に富む食料供給を保障し、将来のショックにより強靭なシステムに転換する機会を提供しているともいえます。この実現のために、国連食糧農業機関(FAO)、国連環境計画(UNEP)、気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)、世界食糧計画(WFP)の国連機関は、論説「なぜポストCOVIDの世界において持続的なフードシステムが必要とされているか Why sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world. 」を発表しました。\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In July 2020, UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), World Food Program (WFP) published an article entitled \u0022Why sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world\u0022. The article discusses how the post-COVID-19 crisis economic reconstruction can provide an opportunity to transform the global food system and make it resilient to future shocks, ensuring environmental sustainability and a nutritious food supply.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年7月、国連食糧農業機関(FAO)、国連環境計画(UNEP)、気候変動に関する政府間パネル(IPCC)、世界食糧計画(WFP)の国連機関は、論説「なぜポストCOVIDの世界において持続的なフードシステムが必要とされているか Why sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world.\u0026nbsp; 」を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年は世界のフードシステムを再考する年になるでしょう。わずか数か月の間に、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19)は世界の半分を封鎖しました。買い溜め行動やフードバンクへの長蛇の列は、我々の生活にとっていかにフードシステムが重要でかつ不安定なもので、ジャストインタイム生産システムに基づく中央集権的なグローバル・フードサプライ・チェーンがショックに脆弱であることを思い起こす契機となりました。多くの国々で、国境封鎖や病に罹患したために労働者が移動できず、収穫や荷詰めが滞るという事態に陥りました。またレストランなどが営業できず、多くの食品ロスが生じました。途上国においては、早めの措置がとられなければ、「飢餓のパンデミック」がコロナウイルス問題を凌駕すると予測されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E飢え、肥満・過体重、微量栄養素不足という問題を同時に抱えるグローバル・フードシステムのファサード（外見・見せかけ）に既に綻びが生じていたのは明らかです。バランスの悪い食生活のために、免疫が低下し、栄養状態に問題を抱えた人々ほどCOVID-19の犠牲になっています。人的コストは甚大な経済コストも伴っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eフードシステムの限界は食料栄養供給の問題にとどまりません。モノカルチャー栽培体系や集約的な家畜・養殖システムでの化学肥料過剰使用にもとづく食料生産は、自然資源の劣化を加速し、人為的温室効果ガス排出の4分の1（うち家畜生産がその半分に寄与）の原因となっています。商業的畜産は、狭い空間に多くの家畜を閉じ込めることで、2009年の豚インフルエンザのような致死的なウイルスの温床となり、また抗生物質の大量使用を通じてスーパー耐性菌を拡散します。同時に、農業や狩猟により手つかずの生態系が攪乱されることで、重症急性呼吸器症候群(SARS)、ヒト免疫不全ウイルス(HIV)、エボラなどの強毒な病原菌が異なる種の間を飛び移って感染する状況を作り出します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19危機後の経済再建は、グローバルフードシステムを、環境持続性と栄養に富む食料供給を保障し、将来のショックにより強靭なシステムに転換する機会を提供しているともいえます。この実現のために、FAO、UNEP、IPCC、WFPなどの国連機関は、フードシステムにおける次の4つのシフトを提言します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 強靭なフードサプライチェーン；ローカルに生産される食料はより効率的な配分を可能とし、栄養不良や食料価格急騰などの食料安全保障のリスクを低め、ローカルでの雇用創出にも貢献します。小規模生産者や小売業者のエンパワメントに繋がるような農村社会の転換を必要とします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 健康な食生活；先進国における動物食品や加工食品の過剰消費を減らし、途上国における栄養に富んだ食品へのアクセスを改善することで、厚生と土地利用の効率性の改善、健康的な食品のアベイラビリティー向上、二酸化炭素排出の削減、なども期待できます。農業補助金を健康な食品に回す一方、不健康な食品への課税を行い、調達システム・教育プログラムやヘルスケアシステム をよりよい食生活推進のために振り分けることは大きな役に立つでしょう。このことは同時に、世界的なヘルスケア費用の削減や不平等解消に貢献し、次のパンデミックの影響を緩和することが期待されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 再生的な農業；ローカル・地域的なフードシステムに根付いた持続的で再生的な土地・海洋利用農業への移行は、土壌・大気・水を癒し、経済強靭性と雇用創出を後押しします。そのためには、持続的農業の促進、市場アクセスの改善、小規模で持続的な農民に対する金融・規制等の支援の活用が必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 環境保全；先進国における植物性食品に基づく食生活へのシフトに合わせて、飼養される家畜数を削減することで手つかずの生態系を保全することが可能です。地球上の植物・野生動物保護の枠組みのもとでの保全に向けた努力は、生物多様性を回復し、炭素を隔離し、将来のパンデミックリスクを削減するために欠かせません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eフードシステムは、人間・動物・経済・環境が交わる交差点であるともいえます。この関係性に注意を払わなければ、気候変動と世界人口の増加に伴い、世界経済はさらなる医療・金融危機に直面しかねません。ポスト・コロナ時代におけるフードシステムの改革を優先することで、SDGsとパリ条約達成へ大きな一歩を踏み出せます。かつてウインストン・チャーチルが述べたとされる名言があります。「どんな国にとっても、健康な市民が最大の資産である」。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. Why sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world. \u0026nbsp;Nicoletta Batini (International Monetary Fund), James Lomax (United Nations Environment Programme), and Divya Mehra (World Food Programme) 14 JUL 2020 https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/why-sustainable-food-systems-are-needed-post-covid-world\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn July 2020, UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), World Food Program (WFP)\u0026nbsp;published an article entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022Why sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world\u0022.\u0026nbsp;The article discusses how the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;crisis\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;reconstruction\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;provide an opportunity to transform the global food system\u0026nbsp;and make it\u0026nbsp;resilient\u0026nbsp;to future shocks, ensuring environmental sustainability and a nutritious food supply.\u0026nbsp;The article is available at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/why-sustainable-food-systems-are-needed-post-covid-world\u0022\u003EWhy sustainable food systems are needed in a post-COVID world\u003C/a\u003E. \u0026nbsp;Nicoletta Batini (International Monetary Fund), James Lomax (United Nations Environment Programme), and Divya Mehra (World Food Programme) 14 JUL 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200724_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200819_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-27", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "95. World Economic Forum: Nature Risk Rising", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "95. World Economic Forum: Nature Risk Rising", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Economic Forum published a report “Nature Risk Rising: Why the crisis engulfing nature matters for business and the economy” in January 2020. Five factors, including land use change, have contributed to 90% of natural loss over the last 50 years. All businesses depend directly or indirectly on natural capital and ecosystem services. Estimates show that more than half of the world\u0027s total GDP worth $44 trillion of economic value is dependent on nature and its services, and is therefore at risk from nature loss. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Economic Forum published a report “Nature Risk Rising: Why the crisis engulfing nature matters for business and the economy” in January 2020. Five factors, including land use change, have contributed to 90% of natural loss over the last 50 years. All businesses depend directly or indirectly on natural capital and ecosystem services. Estimates show that more than half of the world\u0027s total GDP worth $44 trillion of economic value is dependent on nature and its services, and is therefore at risk from nature loss. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Economic Forum published a report “Nature Risk Rising: Why the crisis engulfing nature matters for business and the economy”\u0026nbsp;in January 2020. Five factors, including land use change, have contributed to 90% of natural loss over the last 50 years. All businesses depend directly or indirectly on natural capital and ecosystem services. Estimates show that more than half of the world\u0027s total GDP worth $44 trillion of economic value\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;dependent\u0026nbsp;on nature and its services,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;is therefore\u0026nbsp;at risk from nature\u0026nbsp;loss.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/nature-risk-rising-why-the-crisis-engulfing-nature-matters-for-business-and-the-econom\u0022\u003ENature Risk Rising: Why the Crisis Engulfing Nature Matters for Business and the Economy\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Economic Forum published a report “Nature Risk Rising: Why the crisis engulfing nature matters for business and the economy”\u0026nbsp;in January 2020. Five factors, including land use change, have contributed to 90% of natural loss over the last 50 years. All businesses depend directly or indirectly on natural capital and ecosystem services. Estimates show that more than half of the world\u0027s total GDP worth $44 trillion of economic value\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;dependent\u0026nbsp;on nature and its services,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;is therefore\u0026nbsp;at risk from nature\u0026nbsp;loss.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/nature-risk-rising-why-the-crisis-engulfing-nature-matters-for-business-and-the-econom\u0022\u003ENature Risk Rising: Why the Crisis Engulfing Nature Matters for Business and the Economy\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200727#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-27", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "95. 世界経済フォーラム: 自然へのリスク増大 (Nature Risk Rising) ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "95. World Economic Forum: Nature Risk Rising", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年1月に世界経済フォーラムが公表した「自然へのリスク増大 Nature Risk Rising」報告書を紹介します。過去50年、土地利用変化を含む5つの要因が90％の自然喪失に寄与しています。全てのビジネスは自然資本とエコシステムサービスに直接・間接的に依存しています。試算によると世界の総GDPの半分以上の44兆ドル相当の経済価値の創出が自然とそのサービスに依存しており、自然のロスからのリスクにさらされています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Economic Forum published a report “Nature Risk Rising: Why the crisis engulfing nature matters for business and the economy” in January 2020. Five factors, including land use change, have contributed to 90% of natural loss over the last 50 years. All businesses depend directly or indirectly on natural capital and ecosystem services. Estimates show that more than half of the world\u0027s total GDP worth $44 trillion of economic value is dependent on nature and its services, and is therefore at risk from nature loss. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年1月に世界経済フォーラムが公表した「自然へのリスク増大 Nature Risk Rising」報告書を紹介します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界経済フォーラムの2020年グローバル・リスク報告書において、生物多様性喪失とエコシステム崩壊は次の10年間に人類が直面しうる5つの危機の一つに挙げられていました。人為的活動により100万の生物種が絶滅の危機に直面するなど、自然は今までかつてないペースで減少しています。現在の生産・消費パターン、土地利用と都市化、人口動態、貿易、産業、ガバナンスモデルがこの喪失の背景にあります。例えば世界的な資源搾取は、1970年の270憶トンから920憶トンに3倍に増加しました。生物多様性の喪失は警戒レベルにあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「生物多様性及び生態系サービスに関する政府間科学－政策プラットフォーム（IPBES）」による報告書によると、過去50年、土地利用変化を含む5つの要因が90％の自然喪失に寄与しています。全てのビジネスは自然資本とエコシステムサービスに直接・間接的に依存しています。試算によると世界の総GDPの半分以上の44兆ドル相当の経済価値の創出が自然とそのサービスに依存しており、自然のロスからのリスクにさらされています。163経済セクターの自然資本依存度を推計した結果、世界GDPの15％（13兆ドル）が自然に大きく依存、37％（31兆ドル）が相当程度依存しています。自然に過度に依存する建設（4兆ドル）、農業（2.5兆ドル）、食品・飲料品（1.4兆ドル）三部門で8兆ドルの価値に相当、ドイツ経済の2倍にあたります。これらセクターは、健全な土壌、水、受粉、安定的な気候を森林・海洋の提供するエコシステムサービスに依存しています。これらサービスの損失に繋がる自然の喪失によって、経済セクターは深刻なダメージを受けます。　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E例えば、コーヒー品種の60％が、気候変動・病害・森林破壊による絶滅の危機に直面しており、そのことによって、2018年に830憶ドルの小売価値があった世界コーヒー市場は不安定化し、多くの小規模農民が打撃を受けるでしょう。同様に、病害虫により、遺伝資源の多様性が低い重要な商業作物の生存を脅かします。世界の食料の半分以上は、たった3つの主食作物―コメ、小麦、メイズ、であり、既に外来種により960億ドル相当の16％ほどの年間収量を失っています。農業作物の多様化は病害虫への強靭性を向上し、気候変動への強靭性を高めるでしょう。しかし、経済インセンティブのもとで、モノカルチャーが未だに商業農業の支配的な形態です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. New Nature Economy Report Series July 14, 2020. https://www.weforum.org/reports/new-nature-economy-report-series\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. Nature Risk Rising: Why the Crisis Engulfing Nature Matters for Business and the Economy https://www.weforum.org/reports/nature-risk-rising-why-the-crisis-engulfing-nature-matters-for-business-and-the-economy\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Economic Forum published a report “Nature Risk Rising: Why the crisis engulfing nature matters for business and the economy”\u0026nbsp;in January 2020. Five factors, including land use change, have contributed to 90% of natural loss over the last 50 years. All businesses depend directly or indirectly on natural capital and ecosystem services. Estimates show that more than half of the world\u0027s total GDP worth $44 trillion of economic value\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;dependent\u0026nbsp;on nature and its services,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;is therefore\u0026nbsp;at risk from nature\u0026nbsp;loss.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/reports/nature-risk-rising-why-the-crisis-engulfing-nature-matters-for-business-and-the-econom\u0022\u003ENature Risk Rising: Why the Crisis Engulfing Nature Matters for Business and the Economy\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200727_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200819#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-28", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "96. Nature Climate Change: Climate Change and Locust Outbreak in East Africa", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "96. Nature Climate Change: Climate Change and Locust Outbreak in East Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The scientific journal Nature Climate Change published an article entitled “Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa”. When an event happens, it is difficult to attribute its cause to climate change. However, climate change, such as rising temperatures, increased rainfall in desert areas, and strong winds associated with tropical cyclones, provide a new environment suitable for breeding, development, and migration of pests. Thus global warming may have played a role in creating the conditions necessary for the occurrence of locust outbreak.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The scientific journal Nature Climate Change published an article entitled “Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa”. When an event happens, it is difficult to attribute its cause to climate change. However, climate change, such as rising temperatures, increased rainfall in desert areas, and strong winds associated with tropical cyclones, provide a new environment suitable for breeding, development, and migration of pests. Thus global warming may have played a role in creating the conditions necessary for the occurrence of locust outbreak.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe scientific journal\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ENature Climate Change\u003C/em\u003E published\u0026nbsp;an article entitled “Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa”. When an event happens, it is difficult to\u0026nbsp;attribute\u0026nbsp;its cause to\u0026nbsp;climate change. However, climate change, such as rising temperatures, increased rainfall in desert areas, and strong winds associated with tropical cyclones, provide a new environment suitable for breeding,\u0026nbsp;development, and migration\u0026nbsp;of pests.\u0026nbsp;Thus\u0026nbsp;global warming\u0026nbsp;may have\u0026nbsp;played a role in creating the conditions necessary for the occurrence of locust\u0026nbsp;outbreak. Details are available at the link below.\u0026nbsp;Utilizing a vast experience in overseas research activities, JIRCAS is conducting JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;is conducting research in collaboration with the Mauritanian National Anti Locust Center (CNLA) and the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, National Institute for Agricultural Research (CIRAD) in order to clarify the ecology and behavior of desert locusts in the field.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESalih, A.A.M., Baraibar, M., Mwangi, K.K. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0835-8\u0022\u003EClimate change and locust outbreak in East Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 584–585 (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick up 2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003ETowards the development of preventive control technologies for desert locust\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe scientific journal\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ENature Climate Change\u003C/em\u003E published\u0026nbsp;an article entitled “Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa”. When an event happens, it is difficult to\u0026nbsp;attribute\u0026nbsp;its cause to\u0026nbsp;climate change. However, climate change, such as rising temperatures, increased rainfall in desert areas, and strong winds associated with tropical cyclones, provide a new environment suitable for breeding,\u0026nbsp;development, and migration\u0026nbsp;of pests.\u0026nbsp;Thus\u0026nbsp;global warming\u0026nbsp;may have\u0026nbsp;played a role in creating the conditions necessary for the occurrence of locust\u0026nbsp;outbreak. Details are available at the link below.\u0026nbsp;Utilizing a vast experience in overseas research activities, JIRCAS is conducting JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;is conducting research in collaboration with the Mauritanian National Anti Locust Center (CNLA) and the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, National Institute for Agricultural Research (CIRAD) in order to clarify the ecology and behavior of desert locusts in the field.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESalih, A.A.M., Baraibar, M., Mwangi, K.K. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0835-8\u0022\u003EClimate change and locust outbreak in East Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 584–585 (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick up 2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003ETowards the development of preventive control technologies for desert locust\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200728#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-28", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "96. Nature Climate Change: 東アフリカにおける気候変動とバッタ大発生", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "96. Nature Climate Change: Climate Change and Locust Outbreak in East Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Nature Climate Change誌は、「東アフリカにおける気候変動とバッタ大発生Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa」報告を掲載しました。ある事象が起きた場合にその原因を気候変動のせいにすることは難しいです。しかしながら、気温上昇や砂漠地帯への降雨量増加や熱帯サイクローンに伴う強風など、気候変動は害虫の繁殖・生育・移動に適した環境を新たに提供します。このことは、地球温暖化はサバクトビバッタの発生に必要な条件を生み出すのに一役買ったと言えるかもしれません。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The scientific journal Nature Climate Change published an article entitled “Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa”. When an event happens, it is difficult to attribute its cause to climate change. However, climate change, such as rising temperatures, increased rainfall in desert areas, and strong winds associated with tropical cyclones, provide a new environment suitable for breeding, development, and migration of pests. Thus global warming may have played a role in creating the conditions necessary for the occurrence of locust outbreak.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003ENature Climate Change誌は、「東アフリカにおける気候変動とバッタ大発生Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa」報告を掲載しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eある事象が起きた場合にその原因を気候変動のせいにすることは難しいです。しかしながら、気温上昇や砂漠地帯への降雨量増加や熱帯サイクローンに伴う強風など、気候変動は害虫の繁殖・生育・移動に適した環境を新たに提供します。このことは、地球温暖化はサバクトビバッタの発生に必要な条件を生み出すのに一役買ったと言えるかもしれません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人為的に発生した熱の90％近くが海洋によって吸収されますが、インド洋西部は熱帯海洋システムの中でも最速で温暖化が進行し、夏の平均温度は1.2℃上昇しています。この温暖化が近隣地域の異常気象状況の頻度と強度を増加させています。アラビア半島を襲った史上最強のサイクローンは過去15年間に起きています。ソマリアを襲った史上最強のサイクローン・サガール(Sagar)は、メクヌ(Mekunu―2018年5月にアラビア半島を襲った強力な熱帯サイクローン。通常サイクローンは上陸前に勢力が弱まるが、Mekunuはオマーンを超えてサウジアラビアの空白地帯の砂漠に湖を作り出しました)の数週間前に生じ、2019年だけでインド洋上で8つの熱帯サイクローンが発生し、アジアと東アフリカに記録的な降雨をもたらしました。2019年の3～4月には、モザンビークはケネス・イダイという史上最強のサイクローンに襲われました。さらに2019年10～12月、正のインド洋ダイポール現象(positive phases of the Indian Ocean Dipole: IOD)* がいつになく強まり、東アフリカでの雨季でも史上稀にみる降雨をもたらしました。ジブチの街では、通常の2年間分の降雨量に匹敵する 336mmの雨が4日間に降りました。このような事象は将来より頻繁に起こることが予想されています。1.5℃気温が高まれば、極端な正のIODs現象が起こる確率は2倍になると予測されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eサイクローン頻度の増加と極端な気候変動上昇は、害虫発生と拡散の確率を高めます。このことはサイクローンそのものに加え、食料安全保障の懸念が加わることを意味します。サバクトビバッタは緑の植生を何でも捕食するため、人間と家畜双方の食料安全保障にとって脅威です。最近のバッタ発生とインド洋温暖化の影響は、気候変動のインパクトが単に平均気温の変化だけでなく、未だかつてなかったような異常気象の発生をもたらすということです。このような異常気象は、政情不安や武力衝突、ガバナンスの問題、早期警告システムの脆弱性、限られた資金力のような気候以外の要因によるバタフライ効果によって悪化し、最も脆弱なコミュニティに打撃を与えます。途上国における早期警告システム強化などの分野において、先進国による支援が急務です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研では、豊富な海外での研究活動の経験を生かし、サバクトビバッタの野外での生態を研究することで、大発生の前兆となるメカニズムの解明を試みています (Pick Up 2\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u003C/a\u003E; FAQ \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b/desert-locust\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b/desert-locust\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E＊(Wikipedia) (正の)ダイポールモード現象が発生すると、インド洋の西側にある東アフリカでは海水温の上昇により蒸発が盛んになり降水量が増加する。逆にインド洋の東側にあるインドネシアでは蒸発が抑えられるので降水量が減少する。両地域の大気の性質は、インド〜日本にかけてのモンスーンアジアの気象に多大な影響を持っているため、ダイポールモードによる大気の変化が伝播するとこれらの地域で異常気象を引き起こす。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESalih, A.A.M., Baraibar, M., Mwangi, K.K. et al. Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 584–585 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0835-8\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 2. サバクトビバッタの予防的防除技術の開発に向けて https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe scientific journal\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ENature Climate Change\u003C/em\u003E published\u0026nbsp;an article entitled “Climate change and locust outbreak in East Africa”. When an event happens, it is difficult to\u0026nbsp;attribute\u0026nbsp;its cause to\u0026nbsp;climate change. However, climate change, such as rising temperatures, increased rainfall in desert areas, and strong winds associated with tropical cyclones, provide a new environment suitable for breeding,\u0026nbsp;development, and migration\u0026nbsp;of pests.\u0026nbsp;Thus\u0026nbsp;global warming\u0026nbsp;may have\u0026nbsp;played a role in creating the conditions necessary for the occurrence of locust\u0026nbsp;outbreak. Details are available at the link below.\u0026nbsp;Utilizing a vast experience in overseas research activities, JIRCAS is conducting JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;is conducting research in collaboration with the Mauritanian National Anti Locust Center (CNLA) and the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development, National Institute for Agricultural Research (CIRAD) in order to clarify the ecology and behavior of desert locusts in the field.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESalih, A.A.M., Baraibar, M., Mwangi, K.K. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0835-8\u0022\u003EClimate change and locust outbreak in East Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 584–585 (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick up 2. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003ETowards the development of preventive control technologies for desert locust\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200728_ico_0.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200820_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-29", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "97. The Lancet: Fertility, Mortality, Migration and Population Scenarios for 195 Countries and Territories from 2017 to 2100 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "97. The Lancet: Fertility, Mortality, Migration and Population Scenarios for 195 Countries and Territories from 2017 to 2100 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Lancet published a paper “Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenario for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the global burden of disease study” with a lower world population forecast than the estimate of the United Nations. In the reference scenario, the world population was projected to peak at 9.73 billion in 2064 and decline to 8.79 billion (6.83-1.8 billion) in 2100 based on novel methods for forecasting mortality, fertility, migration and population.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Lancet published a paper “Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenario for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the global burden of disease study” with a lower world population forecast than the estimate of the United Nations. In the reference scenario, the world population was projected to peak at 9.73 billion in 2064 and decline to 8.79 billion (6.83-1.8 billion) in 2100 based on novel methods for forecasting mortality, fertility, migration and population.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Lancet published a paper\u0026nbsp;“Fertility, mortality, migration,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;population scenario for 195 countries\u0026nbsp;and territories\u0026nbsp;from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the global burden of disease study” with a lower\u0026nbsp;world population forecast than the\u0026nbsp;estimate of\u0026nbsp;the United Nations. In the reference scenario, the world population\u0026nbsp;was projected to\u0026nbsp;peak at 9.73 billion in 2064 and decline to 8.79 billion (6.83-1.8 billion)\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;2100\u0026nbsp;based on novel methods for forecasting mortality, fertility, migration and population. The full article is available at:　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EStein Emil Vollset \u0026nbsp;et al.\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30677-2\u0022\u003E Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenarios for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study\u003C/a\u003E. The LANCET. July 14, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Lancet published a paper\u0026nbsp;“Fertility, mortality, migration,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;population scenario for 195 countries\u0026nbsp;and territories\u0026nbsp;from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the global burden of disease study” with a lower\u0026nbsp;world population forecast than the\u0026nbsp;estimate of\u0026nbsp;the United Nations. In the reference scenario, the world population\u0026nbsp;was projected to\u0026nbsp;peak at 9.73 billion in 2064 and decline to 8.79 billion (6.83-1.8 billion)\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;2100\u0026nbsp;based on novel methods for forecasting mortality, fertility, migration and population. The full article is available at:　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EStein Emil Vollset \u0026nbsp;et al.\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30677-2\u0022\u003E Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenarios for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study\u003C/a\u003E. The LANCET. July 14, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200729_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/proc/blog/20200729#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-29", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "97. The Lancet: 195か国・地域を対象とした2017年から2100年の出生率・死亡率・国際移動・人口シナリオ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "97. The Lancet: Fertility, Mortality, Migration and Population Scenarios for 195 Countries and Territories from 2017 to 2100 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Lancet誌は、「195か国・地域を対象とした2017年から2100年の出生率・死亡率・国際移動・人口シナリオ」論文を公表、国連が発表する世界人口予測よりも低い値になるとの推計を提示しました。参照シナリオにおいて、世界人口は2064年に97.3億人でピークに達し、2100年までに87.9億人(68.3-118億人)に減少すると予測されています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Lancet published a paper “Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenario for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the global burden of disease study” with a lower world population forecast than the estimate of the United Nations. In the reference scenario, the world population was projected to peak at 9.73 billion in 2064 and decline to 8.79 billion (6.83-1.8 billion) in 2100 based on novel methods for forecasting mortality, fertility, migration and population.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Lancet誌は、「195か国・地域を対象とした2017年から2100年の出生率・死亡率・国際移動・人口シナリオ」論文を公表、国連が発表する世界人口予測よりも低い値になるとの推計を提示しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E年齢構成、資源・ヘルスケアニーズ、環境・経済問題を検討する上で、将来の人口水準がとりうるパターンを理解することは極めて重要です。将来の出生率パターンは将来の人口規模予測に欠かせない変数ですが、その推計と予測には様々な方法論により大きな不確実性が伴います。人口規模・年齢構成の変化は、多くの国々において経済・社会・地政学的インパクトをもたらします。本研究においては、死亡率・出生率・人口移動・人口予測について新たな手法を開発し、将来の人口動態の経済・地政学的影響について評価を行いました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参照シナリオにおいて、世界の総出生率(Total Fertility Rate: TRF)は2100年に1.66と予測され、世界人口は2064年に97.3億人(88.4-109億人)でピークに達し、2100年に87.9億人(68.3-118億人)に減少すると予測されています。このシナリオのもとで、2100年に最大の人口を抱えるトップ5の国は、インド、ナイジェリア、中国、アメリカ、パキスタン、になります。また2100年までに多くの国で年齢構成のシフトがおき、65歳以上の人口が増えます。2050年までに、151か国において総出生率が人口置換率(総人口の維持に必要な出生率)を下回り、2100年には183か国で総出生率が人口置換水準を下回ります。参照シナリオにおいて、日本、タイ、スペインを含む23か国で2017年から2100年において50％以上の人口減少を経験します。中国の人口は48％減が予測されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本研究では、女性の教育水準の向上と避妊へのアクセスが出生率の減少と人口増加率の減速をもたらすと予測されます。本研究の参照シナリオ予測による2100年の世界人口は、国連などの予測よりもずっと低いものとなっています。本研究と国連世界人口予測(https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190618)の乖離の3分の1はサブサハラアフリカにおける出生率下落を速く見積もり、3分の2はとりわけ中国とインドにおける人口置換率よりも総出生率が低く期待されていることに起因しています。本研究はまた、出生率が人口置換率より低いアメリカ、オーストラリア、カナダでも、純移民流入によって労働人口世代を維持することが予測されています。本予測は、人口増の縮小は環境、気候変動、食料生産にポジティブな効果をもたらしつつも、出生率下落の著しい国々において、労働力維持、経済成長、社会保障システムなど負の影響をもたらしうることを示唆しています。　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EStein Emil Vollset \u0026nbsp;et al. Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenarios for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. The LANCET. July 14, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30677-2\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際連合「世界人口予測 ・2019年版 [United Nations (2019). World Population Prospects 2019]」概要\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190618\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Lancet published a paper\u0026nbsp;“Fertility, mortality, migration,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;population scenario for 195 countries\u0026nbsp;and territories\u0026nbsp;from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the global burden of disease study” with a lower\u0026nbsp;world population forecast than the\u0026nbsp;estimate of\u0026nbsp;the United Nations. In the reference scenario, the world population\u0026nbsp;was projected to\u0026nbsp;peak at 9.73 billion in 2064 and decline to 8.79 billion (6.83-1.8 billion)\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;2100\u0026nbsp;based on novel methods for forecasting mortality, fertility, migration and population. The full article is available at:　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EStein Emil Vollset \u0026nbsp;et al.\u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30677-2\u0022\u003E Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenarios for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study\u003C/a\u003E. The LANCET. July 14, 2020.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200729_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200820_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-30", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "98. The Lancet: 6.7 Million Increase in Child Wasting Due to COVID-19", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "98. The Lancet: 6.7 Million Increase in Child Wasting Due to COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "A commentary article published in the medical journal The Lancet, “Impacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and nutrition-related mortality”, projected that an additional 6.7 million children will be wasted due to economic, food, and health system disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is widely expected that nutritional status and survival of children particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) will be at risk as income declines sharply, foods with high nutritional value become unavailable, and health, nutrition, and social security services are disrupted. This prediction underscores the need for immediate action and investments from the government and the private sector to protect children\u0027s right to nutrition in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A commentary article published in the medical journal The Lancet, “Impacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and nutrition-related mortality”, projected that an additional 6.7 million children will be wasted due to economic, food, and health system disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is widely expected that nutritional status and survival of children particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) will be at risk as income declines sharply, foods with high nutritional value become unavailable, and health, nutrition, and social security services are disrupted. This prediction underscores the need for immediate action and investments from the government and the private sector to protect children\u0027s right to nutrition in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA commentary article\u0026nbsp;published in the medical journal The Lancet,\u0026nbsp;“Impacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and\u0026nbsp;nutrition-related\u0026nbsp;mortality”, projected that an additional 6.7 million children will be wasted due to economic, food, and health system disruptions\u0026nbsp;resulting\u0026nbsp;from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is widely expected that\u0026nbsp;nutritional status and survival of children\u0026nbsp;particularly\u0026nbsp;in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC)\u0026nbsp;will be at risk\u0026nbsp;as income declines sharply, foods with high nutritional value become unavailable, and health, nutrition, and social security services are disrupted.\u0026nbsp;This prediction underscores the need for immediate action and investments from the government and the private sector to\u0026nbsp;protect children\u0027s right to nutrition in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDerek Headey, Rebecca Heidkamp, Saskia Osendarp, Marie Ruel, Nick Scott, Robert Black, Meera Shekar, Howarth Bouis, Augustin Flory, Lawrence Haddad, Neff Walker, on behalf of Standing Together for Nutrition Consortium (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31647-0\u0022\u003EImpacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and nutrition-related mortality\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;The Lancet.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccessed on July 29\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA commentary article\u0026nbsp;published in the medical journal The Lancet,\u0026nbsp;“Impacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and\u0026nbsp;nutrition-related\u0026nbsp;mortality”, projected that an additional 6.7 million children will be wasted due to economic, food, and health system disruptions\u0026nbsp;resulting\u0026nbsp;from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is widely expected that\u0026nbsp;nutritional status and survival of children\u0026nbsp;particularly\u0026nbsp;in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC)\u0026nbsp;will be at risk\u0026nbsp;as income declines sharply, foods with high nutritional value become unavailable, and health, nutrition, and social security services are disrupted.\u0026nbsp;This prediction underscores the need for immediate action and investments from the government and the private sector to\u0026nbsp;protect children\u0027s right to nutrition in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDerek Headey, Rebecca Heidkamp, Saskia Osendarp, Marie Ruel, Nick Scott, Robert Black, Meera Shekar, Howarth Bouis, Augustin Flory, Lawrence Haddad, Neff Walker, on behalf of Standing Together for Nutrition Consortium (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31647-0\u0022\u003EImpacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and nutrition-related mortality\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;The Lancet.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccessed on July 29\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200730#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-30", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "98. The Lancet：新型コロナウイルスによって消耗症の子供が670万人増加", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "98. The Lancet: 6.7 Million Increase in Child Wasting Due to COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "医学雑誌ランセット誌（The Lancet）に「新型コロナウイルスが子供の栄養不良と栄養関連死に与える影響」というコメントが掲載されました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックによる経済、食料、健康システムの混乱は、あらゆる形態の栄養不良を悪化させ続けると予想され、消耗症の子供が670万人増加すると見込まれています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A commentary article published in the medical journal The Lancet, “Impacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and nutrition-related mortality”, projected that an additional 6.7 million children will be wasted due to economic, food, and health system disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is widely expected that nutritional status and survival of children particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) will be at risk as income declines sharply, foods with high nutritional value become unavailable, and health, nutrition, and social security services are disrupted. This prediction underscores the need for immediate action and investments from the government and the private sector to protect children\u0027s right to nutrition in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E医学雑誌ランセット誌（The Lancet）に「新型コロナウイルスが子供の栄養不良と栄養関連死に与える影響」というコメント（特定のテーマに対する短めの論文）が掲載されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルスパンデミックによって引き起こされた、世界全体にわたる社会的・経済的危機は、低所得国および中所得国（LMIC）の子どもたちの栄養状態と生存に重大なリスクをもたらします。特に懸念されるのは、所得が急激に減少し、栄養価の高い食品が入手できなくなり、健康・栄養・社会保障に関するサービスが中断されることによる、消耗症を含む栄養不良の増加です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELMICの5歳未満の子供の死亡の10分の1は、消耗症（wasting。身長に対して体重が軽すぎる状態で、急性的な栄養失調を示唆する）に関連すると言われます。消耗症により他の疾患に感染しやすくなり死亡のリスクが高まるのです。コロナ以前は、推定4700万人が消耗症で、そのほとんどはサハラ以南のアフリカと南アジアに住んでいました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルスパンデミックによる経済、食料、健康システムの混乱は、あらゆる形態の栄養不良を悪化させ続けると予想されます。今年中に、1億4000万人が極度の貧困状態に追い込まれ（IFPRI）、食料不安に直面するLMICの人々は2億6500万人と倍増し（WFP）、不可欠な栄養サービスのカバー率は全体で30％減少する（UNICEF）と見込まれています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E栄養学、経済学、食料・健康システムの研究者の学際的なコンソーシアムであるStanding Together for Nutritionは、新型コロナウイルスが栄養問題に与える影響を３つのアプローチでモデル化しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E１）MIRAGRODEPのマクロ経済予測を用いた1人あたり国民総所得（GNI）への影響分析\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E２）人口統計調査（DHS）データを用いたGNIが消耗に与える影響のミクロ経済的推定\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E３）The Lives Saved Tool（LiST）を用いた国別の医療サービス・消耗・死亡率の関連付け\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれまでの推計では、第一に、マクロ分析から、移動制限やフードシステム寸断によってほとんどのLMICで1人あたりGNIが平均7.9％減少します。第二に、ミクロ経済モデルの予測から、一人あたりGNIの減少は消耗症の大幅な増加（14.3％）をもたらし、新たに670万人の子供が消耗症（57.6％は南アジア、21.8％はサブサハラアフリカ）になります。第三に、各国での消耗症の増加予測と、栄養およびヘルスサービスのカバー率の年平均25％の減少とを組み合わせると、5歳未満の子どもの死亡が12万8605人（52％はサブサハラアフリカ）増加します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれらの予測は、子どもの栄養状態が悪化するのを防ぐための行動の必要性を強調しています。新型コロナウイルスはあらゆる形態の栄養不良のリスクを高めるうえ、この危機がいつまで続くかも不明であり、ここで提示された消耗に焦点を当てた推定を超えるかもしれません。世界銀行は2017年に、SDGsの栄養目標を達成するためには10年間で年間70億ドルが必要であると推定しましたが、この推定値を上方修正する必要もあるでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDerek Headey, Rebecca Heidkamp, Saskia Osendarp, Marie Ruel, Nick Scott, Robert Black, Meera Shekar, Howarth Bouis, Augustin Flory, Lawrence Haddad, Neff Walker, on behalf of Standing Together for Nutrition consortium (2020). “Impacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and nutrition-related mortality.” The Lancet.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31647-0\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccessed on July 29\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA commentary article\u0026nbsp;published in the medical journal The Lancet,\u0026nbsp;“Impacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and\u0026nbsp;nutrition-related\u0026nbsp;mortality”, projected that an additional 6.7 million children will be wasted due to economic, food, and health system disruptions\u0026nbsp;resulting\u0026nbsp;from the COVID-19 pandemic. It is widely expected that\u0026nbsp;nutritional status and survival of children\u0026nbsp;particularly\u0026nbsp;in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC)\u0026nbsp;will be at risk\u0026nbsp;as income declines sharply, foods with high nutritional value become unavailable, and health, nutrition, and social security services are disrupted.\u0026nbsp;This prediction underscores the need for immediate action and investments from the government and the private sector to\u0026nbsp;protect children\u0027s right to nutrition in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDerek Headey, Rebecca Heidkamp, Saskia Osendarp, Marie Ruel, Nick Scott, Robert Black, Meera Shekar, Howarth Bouis, Augustin Flory, Lawrence Haddad, Neff Walker, on behalf of Standing Together for Nutrition Consortium (2020). \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31647-0\u0022\u003EImpacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and nutrition-related mortality\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;The Lancet.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccessed on July 29\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200730_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200820_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-31", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "99. Highest-ever Temperature of 21.7 Degrees Recorded in the Arctic Svalbard where the Global Seed Vault is Located", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "99. Highest-ever Temperature of 21.7 Degrees Recorded in the Arctic Svalbard where the Global Seed Vault is Located", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On July 26, 2020, AFP reported that Norway’s Arctic archipelago Svalbard, which is located about 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole, recorded it’s highest-ever temperature of 21.7 degrees on the 25th of July. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault, a long-term seed storage facility established by the Global Crop Diversity Trust, is located in Svalbard Islands and has been storing seeds from around the world since 2008. The climatic conditions that led to a record high temperature this time would affect the maintenance of storage and could threaten the agrobiological base of crop diversity.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On July 26, 2020, AFP reported that Norway’s Arctic archipelago Svalbard, which is located about 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole, recorded it’s highest-ever temperature of 21.7 degrees on the 25th of July. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault, a long-term seed storage facility established by the Global Crop Diversity Trust, is located in Svalbard Islands and has been storing seeds from around the world since 2008. The climatic conditions that led to a record high temperature this time would affect the maintenance of storage and could threaten the agrobiological base of crop diversity.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 26, 2020, AFP reported that\u0026nbsp;Norway’s Arctic archipelago\u0026nbsp;Svalbard, which\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;located about 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole,recorded\u0026nbsp;it’s\u0026nbsp;highest-ever\u0026nbsp;temperature of 21.7 degrees on the 25th\u0026nbsp;of July. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault,\u0026nbsp;a long-term seed storage facility established\u0026nbsp;by the Global Crop Diversity Trust, is located in\u0026nbsp;Svalbard Islands\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;has been storing seeds from around the world since 2008. The\u0026nbsp;climatic conditions that\u0026nbsp;led to a\u0026nbsp;record high temperature this time would\u0026nbsp;affect the\u0026nbsp;maintenance of storage\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;could threaten the agrobiological base\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;crop diversity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFP. 北極圏スバルバル諸島で史上最高気温、21.7度を観測 \u0026nbsp;2020年7月26日https://www.afpbb.com/articles/-/3295671\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPhys.Org. Highest-ever temperature recorded in Norwegian Arctic archipelago July 26, 2020. https://phys.org/news/2020-07-highest-ever-temperature-norwegian-arctic-archipelago.html\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;Contributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 26, 2020, AFP reported that\u0026nbsp;Norway’s Arctic archipelago\u0026nbsp;Svalbard, which\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;located about 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole,recorded\u0026nbsp;it’s\u0026nbsp;highest-ever\u0026nbsp;temperature of 21.7 degrees on the 25th\u0026nbsp;of July. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault,\u0026nbsp;a long-term seed storage facility established\u0026nbsp;by the Global Crop Diversity Trust, is located in\u0026nbsp;Svalbard Islands\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;has been storing seeds from around the world since 2008. The\u0026nbsp;climatic conditions that\u0026nbsp;led to a\u0026nbsp;record high temperature this time would\u0026nbsp;affect the\u0026nbsp;maintenance of storage\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;could threaten the agrobiological base\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;crop diversity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFP. 北極圏スバルバル諸島で史上最高気温、21.7度を観測 \u0026nbsp;2020年7月26日https://www.afpbb.com/articles/-/3295671\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPhys.Org. Highest-ever temperature recorded in Norwegian Arctic archipelago July 26, 2020. https://phys.org/news/2020-07-highest-ever-temperature-norwegian-arctic-archipelago.html\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;Contributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200731#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-07-31", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "99. 世界種子貯蔵庫のある北極圏スバルバル諸島で史上最高21.7度観測 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "99. Highest-ever Temperature of 21.7 Degrees Recorded in the Arctic Svalbard where the Global Seed Vault is Located", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年7月26日、AFPは、北極点から約1000キロに位置するノルウェー領スバルバル諸島（Svalbard Islands）において、25日、史上最高気温の21.7度を観測したこと報じました。スバルバル諸島には、グローバル作物多様性トラストによって、2008年から世界各地の種子を保管しているスバルバル世界種子貯蔵庫（Svalbard Global Seed Vault）も設置されています。今回の史上最高気温を記録した気候状況が貯蔵庫の維持に支障をきたすのであれば、作物多様性に基づく農業生物基盤そのものを脅かしかねません。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On July 26, 2020, AFP reported that Norway’s Arctic archipelago Svalbard, which is located about 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole, recorded it’s highest-ever temperature of 21.7 degrees on the 25th of July. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault, a long-term seed storage facility established by the Global Crop Diversity Trust, is located in Svalbard Islands and has been storing seeds from around the world since 2008. The climatic conditions that led to a record high temperature this time would affect the maintenance of storage and could threaten the agrobiological base of crop diversity.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年7月26日、AFPは、北極点から約1000キロに位置するノルウェー領スバルバル諸島（Svalbard Islands）において、25日、史上最高気温の21.7度を観測したこと報じました。報告書「2100年のスバルバルの気候（Climate in Svalbard 2100）」によると、同諸島での2070〜2100年の平均気温は、温室効果ガスの排出量に応じて7〜10度上昇するとみられています。同報告書によれば、1971〜2017年に既に3〜5度の気温上昇が観測されているそうです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eスバルバル諸島には、グローバル作物多様性トラスト（GCDT)によって、2008年から世界各地の種子を保管しているスバルバル世界種子貯蔵庫（Svalbard Global Seed Vault）も設置されています。世界種子貯蔵庫は、戦争、内紛、自然災害といった危機的状況から、また設備故障や管理ミスといった危険から現存のジーンバンクを保護するために、バックアップの遺伝資源を安全に収蔵する施設で、何らかの地球規模の大惨事の際、農業を立て直す手段として、種子などの状態で400万種の農業作物を貯蔵できるように設計されています。 しかし、 この貯蔵庫は2016年、永久凍土の融解によって水が流れ込み、2000万ユーロ（約25億円）相当の修復作業が必要となりました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eグローバル作物多様性トラストは、2004年、世界レベルの食糧安全保障のために、国連食糧農業機関（United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization、FAO）と国際農業研究機関のネットワークであるCGIARの連携によって、作物多様性の保存とその利用可能性の確保を目的とする独立した国際機関として設立されました。将来、農業が気候変動に適応し水資源とエネルギーの制約に対応していくためには、作物多様性が中枢の役割を担うことになります。今回の史上最高気温を記録した気候状況が貯蔵庫の維持に支障をきたすのであれば、作物多様性に基づく農業生物基盤そのものを脅かしかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研の岩永理事長は、世界種子貯蔵庫の提唱に関わり、その実現のための資金獲得に尽力しました。2020年初頭からは、グローバル作物多様性トラスト執行理事にも任命され、グローバル化・気候変動の進行に直面する国際社会において、貴重な作物遺伝資源の種子等の保護と管理に関する持続的かつ公平な運営・分配の仕組みについて提言を行っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFP. 北極圏スバルバル諸島で史上最高気温、21.7度を観測 \u0026nbsp;2020年7月26日https://www.afpbb.com/articles/-/3295671\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPhys.Org. Highest-ever temperature recorded in Norwegian Arctic archipelago July 26, 2020. https://phys.org/news/2020-07-highest-ever-temperature-norwegian-arctic-archipelago.html\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 26, 2020, AFP reported that\u0026nbsp;Norway’s Arctic archipelago\u0026nbsp;Svalbard, which\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;located about 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole,recorded\u0026nbsp;it’s\u0026nbsp;highest-ever\u0026nbsp;temperature of 21.7 degrees on the 25th\u0026nbsp;of July. The Svalbard Global Seed Vault,\u0026nbsp;a long-term seed storage facility established\u0026nbsp;by the Global Crop Diversity Trust, is located in\u0026nbsp;Svalbard Islands\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;has been storing seeds from around the world since 2008. The\u0026nbsp;climatic conditions that\u0026nbsp;led to a\u0026nbsp;record high temperature this time would\u0026nbsp;affect the\u0026nbsp;maintenance of storage\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;could threaten the agrobiological base\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;crop diversity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAFP. 北極圏スバルバル諸島で史上最高気温、21.7度を観測 \u0026nbsp;2020年7月26日https://www.afpbb.com/articles/-/3295671\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPhys.Org. Highest-ever temperature recorded in Norwegian Arctic archipelago July 26, 2020. https://phys.org/news/2020-07-highest-ever-temperature-norwegian-arctic-archipelago.html\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;Contributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202007/20200731_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/proc/blog/20200803#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "100. About Desert Locust 〜Frequently Asked Questions and Answers", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "100. About Desert Locust 〜Frequently Asked Questions and Answers", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "This is the 100th article of this Pick Up, which started in March 2020. While the spread of the new coronavirus is a major problem in the world, the desert locust has also become a major problem in East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South India. JIRCAS is conducting ecological research to develop a control method for desert locust and we have received many questions about this transboundary insect pest. We have prepared a FAQ on midge grasshoppers, so if you are interested in midge grasshoppers, please click here.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "This is the 100th article of this Pick Up, which started in March 2020. While the spread of the new coronavirus is a major problem in the world, the desert locust has also become a major problem in East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South India. JIRCAS is conducting ecological research to develop a control method for desert locust and we have received many questions about this transboundary insect pest. We have prepared a FAQ on midge grasshoppers, so if you are interested in midge grasshoppers, please click here.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis is the 100th article of this Pick Up, which started in March 2020. While the spread of the new coronavirus is a major problem in the world, the desert locust has also become a major problem in East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South India. JIRCAS is conducting ecological research to develop a control method for desert locust and we have received many questions about this transboundary insect pest. We have prepared a FAQ on midge grasshoppers, so if you are interested in midge grasshoppers, please click here.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_b/desert-locust\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: NAKASHIMA Kazuo (Program Director, Stable Agricultural Production)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis is the 100th article of this Pick Up, which started in March 2020. While the spread of the new coronavirus is a major problem in the world, the desert locust has also become a major problem in East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South India. JIRCAS is conducting ecological research to develop a control method for desert locust and we have received many questions about this transboundary insect pest. We have prepared a FAQ on midge grasshoppers, so if you are interested in midge grasshoppers, please click here.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_b/desert-locust\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: NAKASHIMA Kazuo (Program Director, Stable Agricultural Production)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200803_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200803#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "100. サバクトビバッタに関するFAQ〜よくある質問と回答", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "100. About Desert Locust 〜Frequently Asked Questions and Answers", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年３月に開始した本Pick Upも100記事目となりました。世界では新型コロナウイルスの感染拡大が大きな問題になっていますが、その陰で、サバクトビバッタも東アフリカ、アラビア半島、南インドにおいて大発生し、大きな問題になっています。国際農研ではサバクトビバッタの防除法の開発に向けた生態学的研究を実施していますが、サバクトビバッタに関する質問が国際農研に多く寄せられています。「サバクトビバッタに関するFAQ〜よくある質問と回答」を作成しましたので、サバクトビバッタに関心のある方はこちらもご覧ください。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "This is the 100th article of this Pick Up, which started in March 2020. While the spread of the new coronavirus is a major problem in the world, the desert locust has also become a major problem in East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South India. JIRCAS is conducting ecological research to develop a control method for desert locust and we have received many questions about this transboundary insect pest. We have prepared a FAQ on midge grasshoppers, so if you are interested in midge grasshoppers, please click here.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界では新型コロナウイルスの感染拡大が大きな問題になっていますが、その陰で、サバクトビバッタも東アフリカ、アラビア半島、南インドにおいて大発生し、大きな問題になっています（Pick Up 2 サバクトビバッタの予防的防除技術の開発に向けて \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200308_0\u003C/a\u003E やPick Up 96 Nature Climate Change: 東アフリカにおける気候変動とバッタ大発生 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200728\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200728\u003C/a\u003E 参照）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研ではサバクトビバッタの防除法の開発に向けた生態学的研究を実施していますが、サバクトビバッタに関する質問が国際農研に多く寄せられています。「サバクトビバッタに関するFAQ〜よくある質問と回答」(\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b/desert-locust\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_b/desert-locust\u003C/a\u003E)を作成しましたので、サバクトビバッタに関心のある方はこちらもご覧ください。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：農産物安定生産プログラム　中島一雄）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis is the 100th article of this Pick Up, which started in March 2020. While the spread of the new coronavirus is a major problem in the world, the desert locust has also become a major problem in East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and South India. JIRCAS is conducting ecological research to develop a control method for desert locust and we have received many questions about this transboundary insect pest. We have prepared a FAQ on midge grasshoppers, so if you are interested in midge grasshoppers, please click here.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_b/desert-locust\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: NAKASHIMA Kazuo (Program Director, Stable Agricultural Production)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200803_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200820_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-04", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "101. Food Security: Resilient Agri-food Systems for Nutrition Amidst COVID-19", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "101. Food Security: Resilient Agri-food Systems for Nutrition Amidst COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Researchers at the International Potato Center (CIP) published a paper in Food Security entitled “Resilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises”. Amidst the uncertainty due to COVID-19 pandemic, the paper stated that production and market diversification strategies should be prioritized in order to protect food and nutrition security of the world\u0027s poor. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Researchers at the International Potato Center (CIP) published a paper in Food Security entitled “Resilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises”. Amidst the uncertainty due to COVID-19 pandemic, the paper stated that production and market diversification strategies should be prioritized in order to protect food and nutrition security of the world\u0027s poor. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EResearchers at the International\u0026nbsp;Potato\u0026nbsp;Center (CIP) published a paper in Food Security entitled\u0026nbsp;“Resilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises”. Amidst\u0026nbsp;the uncertainty\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic,\u0026nbsp;the paper\u0026nbsp;stated\u0026nbsp;that production and market diversification strategies should be prioritized in order to protect food and nutrition security of the world\u0027s poor. On top of that,\u0026nbsp;it also discussed\u0026nbsp;the role of\u0026nbsp;nutritious and biofortified\u0026nbsp;crops such as potato and sweet potato\u0026nbsp;which have a\u0026nbsp;comparative advantage\u0026nbsp;of giving\u0026nbsp;high yields,\u0026nbsp;short harvest times,\u0026nbsp;high demand in the local market,\u0026nbsp;and are shielded from sharp rises in international prices. Please refer to the article at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHeck, S., Campos, H., Barker, I. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01067-2\u0022\u003EResilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises\u003C/a\u003E. Food Sec. (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EResearchers at the International\u0026nbsp;Potato\u0026nbsp;Center (CIP) published a paper in Food Security entitled\u0026nbsp;“Resilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises”. Amidst\u0026nbsp;the uncertainty\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic,\u0026nbsp;the paper\u0026nbsp;stated\u0026nbsp;that production and market diversification strategies should be prioritized in order to protect food and nutrition security of the world\u0027s poor. On top of that,\u0026nbsp;it also discussed\u0026nbsp;the role of\u0026nbsp;nutritious and biofortified\u0026nbsp;crops such as potato and sweet potato\u0026nbsp;which have a\u0026nbsp;comparative advantage\u0026nbsp;of giving\u0026nbsp;high yields,\u0026nbsp;short harvest times,\u0026nbsp;high demand in the local market,\u0026nbsp;and are shielded from sharp rises in international prices. Please refer to the article at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHeck, S., Campos, H., Barker, I. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01067-2\u0022\u003EResilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises\u003C/a\u003E. Food Sec. (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200804#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-04", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "101. Food Security誌: COVID-19における栄養のための強靭なアグリ・フードシステム", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "101. Food Security: Resilient Agri-food Systems for Nutrition Amidst COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際馬鈴薯センター(CIP)の研究者らは、Food Security誌において、「COVID-19における栄養のための強靭なアグリ・フードシステム」論文を発表しました。論文は、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の不確実性の中、世界の貧困層の食料・栄養安全保障を守るためには生産と市場の多様化戦略を優先すべきとしました。その上で、高収量で収穫までの時間が短い作物ながらローカル市場での需要が高く、国際価格の急騰から遮断されているという比較優位を持つジャガイモやサツマイモなどの栄養成分強化作物の役割を論じました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Researchers at the International Potato Center (CIP) published a paper in Food Security entitled “Resilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises”. Amidst the uncertainty due to COVID-19 pandemic, the paper stated that production and market diversification strategies should be prioritized in order to protect food and nutrition security of the world\u0027s poor. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際馬鈴薯センター(CIP)の研究者らは、Food Security誌において、「COVID-19における栄養のための強靭なアグリ・フードシステム」論文を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)は途上国におけるフードシステムに影響を及ぼしています。人やモノの移動規制はマーケット・アクセスやサービス、食料へのアクセスを阻んでいます。フードシステムの物質的・ハードウェアの側面を脅かす他の危機と異なり、COVID-19は、これまでのところ、フードシステムのソフトウェア的な側面に影響を及ぼし、フードシステム上、様々な事柄がつながりあっていることを露にしました。需要の落ち込み、マーケットと雇用の喪失、国際協力への懸念は、今後さらに深刻な問題が待ちかまえていることを示唆しているかのようです。不確実性の中で、世界の貧困層の食料・栄養安全保障を守るためには、生産と市場の多様化戦略を優先すべきです。ジャガイモやサツマイモ、小麦やメイズ、豆といった栄養成分強化作物(biofortified crops)は、必要な微量栄養素（ビタミンA、鉄分、亜鉛）などを大規模に供給する上で重要な役割を担う期待があります。COVID-19は、フードシステムにおいて、栄養成分強化作物の開発と普及を含む農業イノベーションへの機会を提供していると考えます。現在の供給と需要の寸断を修復し、フードシステムが将来の危機に備えることを可能にするでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eジャガイモ・サツマイモは、高収量で収穫までの時間が短い作物ながらローカル市場での需要が高く、国際価格の急騰から遮断されているという比較優位を踏まえ、アフリカ、そしてその他の地域でも、自然災害後に「危機対応型作物」として用いられてきました。これらイモ類はまた、アジアのように穀物一辺倒になりがちなローカルフードシステムの多様化に貢献し、ショックに対する強靭性・回復力を強化するのに貢献してきました。緊急支援を通じて種芋と技術支援を受けた農民は迅速にジャガイモ・サツマイモ畑を作ることで、数年間は追加的支援なくとも生産を維持できるとのエビデンスも知られています。短い栽培期間により、ショックの影響を受けた家計やコミュニティに迅速に食料・飼料を供給することが可能です。干ばつ・病害耐性品種はマージナルな生態系条件での収穫を、余剰は家計のニーズに応えるための現金収入を提供します。さらに、ビタミンAや鉄分など必要な微量栄養素を有する改良品種は、とりわけ栄養に富んでいます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E研究によると、改良品種を採択した世帯は、高収量と高収入を達成し、食料安全保障の危機から解放され、多様な栄養によるよりよい健康状態を維持できています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E緊急支援介入を機に、栄養素の改善された改良品種が広く普及したという事例も報告されています。例えばモザンビークでは、過去10年の間に政府や支援機関を通じて普及が行われた結果、今日、サツマイモの三分の1がビタミンA強化品種であるそうです。同様に、ケニアの2008・2009年政情不安においては、貧困層向けの特性を持つジャガイモの改良品種の種イモ供給に、民間セクターが参入しました。また、東アフリカにおいて、2012年のメイズ病害発生(トウモロコシ致死性壊死病maize lethal necrosis)や2018年のツマジロクサヨトウ(fall army worm)発生に乗じて、代替の混作・間作作物としての豆やジャガイモなどの生産が増加しました。栽培期間の短い作物は、メイズ収穫前の食料不足期間のギャップを埋めることで、国レベルでの食料栄養安全保障につながります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eローカルフードシステムの多様化と強靭性を高める上で、種企業は多くの作物についての種のみならず情報提供など複数の機能を持ちます。農村企業やサプライヤー・消費者のネットワークは、将来の危機対応上も重要なパートナーとなりうるでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本論文の結論において、著者らは、ケニアでは輸出需要の喪失に直面した民間バラ生産業者が、そのキャパシティと知識を活かしてイモの挿し木苗を現地食料生産向けに発売したことに言及、将来、東アフリカの花卉・青果物産業の生産キャパシティのほんの一部をローカル食料生産に振り分けることで、輸出とローカルな種子生産による食料安全保障を達成しうる可能性を指摘しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHeck, S., Campos, H., Barker, I. et al. Resilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises. Food Sec. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01067-2\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EResearchers at the International\u0026nbsp;Potato\u0026nbsp;Center (CIP) published a paper in Food Security entitled\u0026nbsp;“Resilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises”. Amidst\u0026nbsp;the uncertainty\u0026nbsp;due to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;pandemic,\u0026nbsp;the paper\u0026nbsp;stated\u0026nbsp;that production and market diversification strategies should be prioritized in order to protect food and nutrition security of the world\u0027s poor. On top of that,\u0026nbsp;it also discussed\u0026nbsp;the role of\u0026nbsp;nutritious and biofortified\u0026nbsp;crops such as potato and sweet potato\u0026nbsp;which have a\u0026nbsp;comparative advantage\u0026nbsp;of giving\u0026nbsp;high yields,\u0026nbsp;short harvest times,\u0026nbsp;high demand in the local market,\u0026nbsp;and are shielded from sharp rises in international prices. Please refer to the article at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHeck, S., Campos, H., Barker, I. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01067-2\u0022\u003EResilient agri-food systems for nutrition amidst COVID-19: evidence and lessons from food-based approaches to overcome micronutrient deficiency and rebuild livelihoods after crises\u003C/a\u003E. Food Sec. (2020).\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200804_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200820#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-05", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "102. IFPRI: ebook \u0022COVID-19 \u0026 Global Food Security\u0022", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "102. IFPRI: ebook \u0022COVID-19 \u0026 Global Food Security\u0022", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has published an electronic book “COVID-19 \u0026 Global Food Security”, tackling the impact of COVID-19 on global poverty, food security, diets and nutrition, labor restrictions and remittances, food trade, supply chains, gender and employment. This e-book also presents policy responses to the pandemic on global food and nutrition security, and provides key insights on the future of pandemics and food systems.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has published an electronic book “COVID-19 \u0026 Global Food Security”, tackling the impact of COVID-19 on global poverty, food security, diets and nutrition, labor restrictions and remittances, food trade, supply chains, gender and employment. This e-book also presents policy responses to the pandemic on global food and nutrition security, and provides key insights on the future of pandemics and food systems.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has published an electronic book\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19 \u0026amp; Global Food Security”,\u0026nbsp;tacklingthe impact of COVID-19 on\u0026nbsp;global poverty, food security,\u0026nbsp;diets and\u0026nbsp;nutrition,\u0026nbsp;labor restrictions and remittances,\u0026nbsp;food trade, supply chains, gender and employment. This e-book also presents policy responses to the pandemic on global food and nutrition security, and provides\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;key insights on the future of\u0026nbsp;pandemics and\u0026nbsp;food systems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, various tracking tools\u0026nbsp;developed and published by IFPRI are also currently available. At the global level,\u0026nbsp;the \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.foodsecurityportal.org/\u0022\u003EFood Security Portal\u003C/a\u003E provides updates on\u0026nbsp;price fluctuation\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;staple food\u0026nbsp;crops and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;is a tool tracking food export restrictions and documenting their impact. In some African and South Asian countries,\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://tools.foodsecurityportal.org/COVID-19-food-price-monitoring\u0022\u003EFood Price Monitor\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;provides the market conditions for staple and non-staple foods at the local level.\u0026nbsp;To measure differences in public policy response,\u0026nbsp;IFPRI\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;also\u0026nbsp;developed the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-policy-response-cpr-portal\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 Policy Response (CPR) Portal\u003C/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a country-specific policy response tracking system that complements the World Bank\u0027s social security tracking system.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/interactive/covid\u0022\u003ECovid-19 \u0026amp; Global Food Security\u003C/a\u003E. Edited by Johan Swinnen \u0026amp; John McDermott\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI.\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.foodsecurityportal.org/\u0022\u003E Food Security Portal\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003ECovid-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://tools.foodsecurityportal.org/COVID-19-food-price-monitoring\u0022\u003ECovid-19 Food Price Monitor\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-policy-response-cpr-portal\u0022\u003ECovid-19 Policy Response (CPR) Portal\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[all accessed on Aug 3]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has published an electronic book\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19 \u0026amp; Global Food Security”,\u0026nbsp;tacklingthe impact of COVID-19 on\u0026nbsp;global poverty, food security,\u0026nbsp;diets and\u0026nbsp;nutrition,\u0026nbsp;labor restrictions and remittances,\u0026nbsp;food trade, supply chains, gender and employment. This e-book also presents policy responses to the pandemic on global food and nutrition security, and provides\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;key insights on the future of\u0026nbsp;pandemics and\u0026nbsp;food systems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, various tracking tools\u0026nbsp;developed and published by IFPRI are also currently available. At the global level,\u0026nbsp;the \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.foodsecurityportal.org/\u0022\u003EFood Security Portal\u003C/a\u003E provides updates on\u0026nbsp;price fluctuation\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;staple food\u0026nbsp;crops and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;is a tool tracking food export restrictions and documenting their impact. In some African and South Asian countries,\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://tools.foodsecurityportal.org/COVID-19-food-price-monitoring\u0022\u003EFood Price Monitor\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;provides the market conditions for staple and non-staple foods at the local level.\u0026nbsp;To measure differences in public policy response,\u0026nbsp;IFPRI\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;also\u0026nbsp;developed the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-policy-response-cpr-portal\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 Policy Response (CPR) Portal\u003C/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a country-specific policy response tracking system that complements the World Bank\u0027s social security tracking system.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/interactive/covid\u0022\u003ECovid-19 \u0026amp; Global Food Security\u003C/a\u003E. Edited by Johan Swinnen \u0026amp; John McDermott\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI.\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.foodsecurityportal.org/\u0022\u003E Food Security Portal\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003ECovid-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://tools.foodsecurityportal.org/COVID-19-food-price-monitoring\u0022\u003ECovid-19 Food Price Monitor\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-policy-response-cpr-portal\u0022\u003ECovid-19 Policy Response (CPR) Portal\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[all accessed on Aug 3]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200805#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-05", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "102. 国際食糧政策研究所（IFPRI）新型コロナウイルス感染症による世界の食料安全保障に関する影響のまとめ・追跡ツール", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "102. IFPRI: ebook \u0022COVID-19 \u0026 Global Food Security\u0022", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際食糧政策研究所（IFPRI）は、電子書籍として、「新型コロナウイルス感染症と世界の食料安全保障（COVID-19 \u0026 Global Food Security）」を発刊しました。本書は、世界的なパンデミックが世界の貧困、食糧安全保障、栄養、食料貿易、サプライチェーン、ジェンダー、雇用にどう影響しているか、また、さまざまな政府介入およびこれらの教訓をどのように使用して将来のパンデミックに備えられるかについての考察を行い、主要な洞察と分析をまとめています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has published an electronic book “COVID-19 \u0026 Global Food Security”, tackling the impact of COVID-19 on global poverty, food security, diets and nutrition, labor restrictions and remittances, food trade, supply chains, gender and employment. This e-book also presents policy responses to the pandemic on global food and nutrition security, and provides key insights on the future of pandemics and food systems.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際食糧政策研究所（IFPRI）は、電子書籍として、「新型コロナウイルス感染症と世界の食料安全保障（COVID-19 \u0026amp; Global Food Security：編者Johan Swinnen \u0026amp; John McDermott）」を発刊しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本書は、IFPRIの新型コロナウイルスに関するブログシリーズから抜粋し編集されたものです。IFPRIは今年2月に新型コロナウイルスに関するブログシリーズを開始しました。まずは中国でのパンデミックの影響についての調査でしたが、3月にはパンデミックの影響がより甚大で広範囲に及ぶ可能性が明らかになったので、研究者らは、貧困や食糧・栄養安全保障に関する世界的な影響を検討し始めました。そしてその後数か月で、低所得国・中所得国において緊急事態フェーズとなり、このブログシリーズを引き続き使用して影響を分析しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこのブログシリーズでは、食料・栄養安全保障の変化を早期に評価するために行われた、最新のモデル評価と調査（世帯・企業・主要な情報提供者への電話調査を含む）の結果を報告します。始まってから半年で40を超える記事があり、その数は今も増え続けています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本書は、世界的なパンデミックが世界の貧困、食糧安全保障、栄養、食料貿易、サプライチェーン、ジェンダー、雇用にどう影響しているか、また、さまざまな政府介入およびこれらの教訓をどのように使用して将来のパンデミックに備えられるかについての考察を行い、主要な洞察と分析をまとめています。 各章では、概念的な議論、グローバルおよび国レベルのシミュレーションモデル、国内調査、ケーススタディ、専門家の意見を組み合わせています。 これらを合わせて、新型コロナウイルスの現在・将来の影響と、世界的な食料・栄養安全保障に対するパンデミックへの政策対応の包括的な図を提示しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、IFPRIはさまざまな追跡ツールも開発し、公表しています。世界レベルでは、主食の価格変動（Food Security Portal）や貿易に関する追跡ツール（COVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker）があります。アフリカや南アジアの国の一部では、日常の食料価格の監視システム（Food Price Monitor）が市場に導入されているところもあります。公共政策の対応の違いを測るために、世界銀行の社会保障追跡システムを補完する、国別の政策対応追跡システム(CPR Portal)も構築しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI (2020) Covid-19 \u0026amp; Global Food Security. Edited by Johan Swinnen \u0026amp; John McDermott\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://www.ifpri.org/interactive/covid\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. Food Security Portal\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttp://www.foodsecurityportal.org/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. Covid-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. Covid-19 Food Price Monitor\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttp://tools.foodsecurityportal.org/COVID-19-food-price-monitoring\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. Covid-19 Policy Response (CPR) Portal\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\nhttps://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-policy-response-cpr-portal\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[all accessed on Aug 3]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has published an electronic book\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19 \u0026amp; Global Food Security”,\u0026nbsp;tacklingthe impact of COVID-19 on\u0026nbsp;global poverty, food security,\u0026nbsp;diets and\u0026nbsp;nutrition,\u0026nbsp;labor restrictions and remittances,\u0026nbsp;food trade, supply chains, gender and employment. This e-book also presents policy responses to the pandemic on global food and nutrition security, and provides\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;key insights on the future of\u0026nbsp;pandemics and\u0026nbsp;food systems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, various tracking tools\u0026nbsp;developed and published by IFPRI are also currently available. At the global level,\u0026nbsp;the \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.foodsecurityportal.org/\u0022\u003EFood Security Portal\u003C/a\u003E provides updates on\u0026nbsp;price fluctuation\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;staple food\u0026nbsp;crops and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;is a tool tracking food export restrictions and documenting their impact. In some African and South Asian countries,\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022http://tools.foodsecurityportal.org/COVID-19-food-price-monitoring\u0022\u003EFood Price Monitor\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;provides the market conditions for staple and non-staple foods at the local level.\u0026nbsp;To measure differences in public policy response,\u0026nbsp;IFPRI\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;also\u0026nbsp;developed the \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-policy-response-cpr-portal\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 Policy Response (CPR) Portal\u003C/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a country-specific policy response tracking system that complements the World Bank\u0027s social security tracking system.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/interactive/covid\u0022\u003ECovid-19 \u0026amp; Global Food Security\u003C/a\u003E. Edited by Johan Swinnen \u0026amp; John McDermott\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI.\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.foodsecurityportal.org/\u0022\u003E Food Security Portal\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-food-trade-policy-tracker\u0022\u003ECovid-19 Food Trade Policy Tracker\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://tools.foodsecurityportal.org/COVID-19-food-price-monitoring\u0022\u003ECovid-19 Food Price Monitor\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIFPRI. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.ifpri.org/project/covid-19-policy-response-cpr-portal\u0022\u003ECovid-19 Policy Response (CPR) Portal\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[all accessed on Aug 3]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200805_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200821_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "103. Science: COVID-19 Risks to Global Food Security", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "103. Science: COVID-19 Risks to Global Food Security", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On July 31, 2020, researchers from the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) published a paper entitled “COVID-19 risks to global food security” in Science Magazine. The policy forum article tackles how the COVID-19 pandemic has led to economic fallout and disruptions to the food supply chain, and discusses critical responses that policy-makers should consider to prevent this global health crisis from becoming a global food crisis.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On July 31, 2020, researchers from the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) published a paper entitled “COVID-19 risks to global food security” in Science Magazine. The policy forum article tackles how the COVID-19 pandemic has led to economic fallout and disruptions to the food supply chain, and discusses critical responses that policy-makers should consider to prevent this global health crisis from becoming a global food crisis.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 31, 2020,\u0026nbsp;researchers from the\u0026nbsp;International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) published a paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19\u0026nbsp;risksto\u0026nbsp;global\u0026nbsp;food\u0026nbsp;security”\u0026nbsp;in Science\u0026nbsp;Magazine. The policy forum article tackles how the COVID-19 pandemic has led to economic fallout\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and disruptions to the food supply chain,\u0026nbsp;and discusses\u0026nbsp;critical responses that\u0026nbsp;policy-makers should consider to prevent this global health crisis from becoming a global food crisis. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDavid Laborde, Will Martin, Johan Swinnen, Rob Vos \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI: 10.1126/science.abc4765\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 risks to global food security\u003C/a\u003E. Science\u0026nbsp; 31 Jul 2020: Vol. 369, Issue 6503, pp. 500-502.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 31, 2020,\u0026nbsp;researchers from the\u0026nbsp;International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) published a paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19\u0026nbsp;risksto\u0026nbsp;global\u0026nbsp;food\u0026nbsp;security”\u0026nbsp;in Science\u0026nbsp;Magazine. The policy forum article tackles how the COVID-19 pandemic has led to economic fallout\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and disruptions to the food supply chain,\u0026nbsp;and discusses\u0026nbsp;critical responses that\u0026nbsp;policy-makers should consider to prevent this global health crisis from becoming a global food crisis. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDavid Laborde, Will Martin, Johan Swinnen, Rob Vos \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI: 10.1126/science.abc4765\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 risks to global food security\u003C/a\u003E. Science\u0026nbsp; 31 Jul 2020: Vol. 369, Issue 6503, pp. 500-502.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200806#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "103. Science: グローバル食料安全保障への新型コロナウイルス感染症リスク", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "103. Science: COVID-19 Risks to Global Food Security", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年7月31日、国際食糧政策研究所（IFPRI）研究者らは、Science誌にて、「グローバル食料安全保障への新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) リスク」論考を発表しました。本論説では、COVID-19が食料安全保障にもたらした脅威を明らかにし、グローバルな医療危機がグローバルな食料危機へとエスカレートするのを防ぐために政治家が考慮しなければならない対応について論じています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On July 31, 2020, researchers from the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) published a paper entitled “COVID-19 risks to global food security” in Science Magazine. The policy forum article tackles how the COVID-19 pandemic has led to economic fallout and disruptions to the food supply chain, and discusses critical responses that policy-makers should consider to prevent this global health crisis from becoming a global food crisis.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年7月31日、国際食糧政策研究所（IFPRI）研究者らは、Science誌にて、「グローバル食料安全保障への新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)リスク」論考を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19パンデミックの進展につれ、ウイルスを抑止する必要性と世界の貧困層・飢餓人口に破滅的な影響をもたらす経済・食料安全保障危機回避の必要性の間でバランスをとることの難しさが浮かび上がっています。これまでのところ、深刻な食料不足はまだ起こっていませんが、農業・食料市場は移動規制による労働不足や、レストランや学校閉鎖・所得喪失による需要シフトに直面しています。パンデミックは、アベイラビリティ、アクセス、ユティライゼーション、スタビリティ、という食料安全保障の4本柱のすべてに影響を与えています。COVID-19は、とりわけ食料へのアクセスに大きな影響を与えています。本論説では、COVID-19が食料安全保障にもたらした脅威を明らかにし、グローバルな医療危機がグローバルな食料危機へとエスカレートするのを防ぐために政治家が考慮しなければならない対応について論じます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDavid Laborde, Will Martin, Johan Swinnen, Rob Vos COVID-19 risks to global food security. Science\u0026nbsp; 31 Jul 2020: Vol. 369, Issue 6503, pp. 500-502. DOI: 10.1126/science.abc4765\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 31, 2020,\u0026nbsp;researchers from the\u0026nbsp;International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) published a paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19\u0026nbsp;risksto\u0026nbsp;global\u0026nbsp;food\u0026nbsp;security”\u0026nbsp;in Science\u0026nbsp;Magazine. The policy forum article tackles how the COVID-19 pandemic has led to economic fallout\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;and disruptions to the food supply chain,\u0026nbsp;and discusses\u0026nbsp;critical responses that\u0026nbsp;policy-makers should consider to prevent this global health crisis from becoming a global food crisis. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDavid Laborde, Will Martin, Johan Swinnen, Rob Vos \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI: 10.1126/science.abc4765\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 risks to global food security\u003C/a\u003E. Science\u0026nbsp; 31 Jul 2020: Vol. 369, Issue 6503, pp. 500-502.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200806_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200821_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "104. Science: Ecology and Economics for Pandemic Prevention", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "104. Science: Ecology and Economics for Pandemic Prevention", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On July 24, 2020, the article \u0022Ecology and economics for pandemic prevention\u0022 was published in Science Magazine. This paper evaluates the cost of monitoring and preventing disease outbreaks due to extensive loss and fragmentation of tropical forests, and the flourishing wildlife trade. Analysis shows that the costs associated with precautionary measures are far less than the economic and mortality costs associated with countering these pathogens. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On July 24, 2020, the article \u0022Ecology and economics for pandemic prevention\u0022 was published in Science Magazine. This paper evaluates the cost of monitoring and preventing disease outbreaks due to extensive loss and fragmentation of tropical forests, and the flourishing wildlife trade. Analysis shows that the costs associated with precautionary measures are far less than the economic and mortality costs associated with countering these pathogens. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 24, 2020, the article \u0022Ecology and\u0026nbsp;economics for\u0026nbsp;pandemic\u0026nbsp;prevention\u0022 was published in\u0026nbsp;Science\u0026nbsp;Magazine. This paper evaluates the cost of monitoring and preventing\u0026nbsp;disease outbreaks due to extensive loss\u0026nbsp;and fragmentation\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;tropical forests,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;the flourishing\u0026nbsp;wildlife trade. Analysis shows that the costs associated with precautionary measures are far less than the economic and mortality costs associated with countering these pathogens. The full article can be accessed at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, Reuters\u0026nbsp;reported\u0026nbsp;on August 1, 2020\u0026nbsp;that the number offires in the world\u0027s largest rainforest, the Amazon, increased\u0026nbsp;by 28%\u0026nbsp;in July from last year, which could\u0026nbsp;indicate a\u0026nbsp;repeat\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;last year\u0027s worst environmental record.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAndrew P. Dobson, et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI: 10.1126/science.abc3189\u0022\u003EEcology and economics for pandemic prevention\u003C/a\u003E Science\u0026nbsp; 24 Jul 2020: Vol. 369, Issue 6502, pp. 379-381\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment/fires-in-brazils-amazon-rainforest-surge-in-july-worst-in-recent-days-idUSKBN24X3SW\u0022\u003EFires in Brazil\u0027s Amazon rainforest surge in July, worst in recent days\u003C/a\u003E. Jake Spring.\u0026nbsp; August 1, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 24, 2020, the article \u0022Ecology and\u0026nbsp;economics for\u0026nbsp;pandemic\u0026nbsp;prevention\u0022 was published in\u0026nbsp;Science\u0026nbsp;Magazine. This paper evaluates the cost of monitoring and preventing\u0026nbsp;disease outbreaks due to extensive loss\u0026nbsp;and fragmentation\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;tropical forests,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;the flourishing\u0026nbsp;wildlife trade. Analysis shows that the costs associated with precautionary measures are far less than the economic and mortality costs associated with countering these pathogens. The full article can be accessed at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, Reuters\u0026nbsp;reported\u0026nbsp;on August 1, 2020\u0026nbsp;that the number offires in the world\u0027s largest rainforest, the Amazon, increased\u0026nbsp;by 28%\u0026nbsp;in July from last year, which could\u0026nbsp;indicate a\u0026nbsp;repeat\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;last year\u0027s worst environmental record.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAndrew P. Dobson, et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI: 10.1126/science.abc3189\u0022\u003EEcology and economics for pandemic prevention\u003C/a\u003E Science\u0026nbsp; 24 Jul 2020: Vol. 369, Issue 6502, pp. 379-381\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment/fires-in-brazils-amazon-rainforest-surge-in-july-worst-in-recent-days-idUSKBN24X3SW\u0022\u003EFires in Brazil\u0027s Amazon rainforest surge in July, worst in recent days\u003C/a\u003E. Jake Spring.\u0026nbsp; August 1, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200807#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "104. Science: パンデミック予防のための生態学と経済学", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "104. Science: Ecology and Economics for Pandemic Prevention", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年7月24日、Science誌にて、「パンデミック予防のための生態学と経済学」論考が公表されました。本論文では、かつてないスピードでの熱帯林喪失・分断化と野生動物貿易による感染症の監視・予防コストについて評価します。分析によると、予防的措置に伴うコストは、これら病原菌が発現してからの対応策に伴う経済・死亡コストよりもずっと少なくすみます。一方、Reutersによると、2020年8月1日、世界最大の熱帯雨林であるアマゾンにおける火事が去年の7月より28％増加、環境保全上史上最悪であった昨年の記録を繰り返しかねないと懸念されています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On July 24, 2020, the article \u0022Ecology and economics for pandemic prevention\u0022 was published in Science Magazine. This paper evaluates the cost of monitoring and preventing disease outbreaks due to extensive loss and fragmentation of tropical forests, and the flourishing wildlife trade. Analysis shows that the costs associated with precautionary measures are far less than the economic and mortality costs associated with countering these pathogens. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年7月24日、Science誌にて、「パンデミック予防のための生態学と経済学」論考が公表されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E100年の間に毎年2つの新しいウイルスが自然界のホストから人間に襲い掛かっています。MERS、SARS、2009年のH1N1、HIV、そしてCOVID-19は、これらのダメージの大きさを物語っています。人獣共通感染ウイルスは、多くの場合、人間が生きた霊長類、コウモリやその他野生動物（またはその肉）を取り扱う場合、あるいはニワトリや豚などの家畜から間接的に拡散します。人類と病気の貯蔵庫である野生の関係が密度を増すことで、ウイルスが世界的に拡散するリスクは増大しています。本論文では、かつてないスピードでの熱帯林喪失・分断化と野生動物貿易による感染症の監視・予防コストについて評価します。分析によると、これら予防的措置に伴うコストは、これら病原菌が発現してからの対応策にともなう経済・死亡コストよりもずっと少なくすむはずです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E著者らが提案するアクションの総コストは毎年220－310憶ドルのコストがかかります。森林破壊の減少は温室効果ガス排出の削減による社会利益も含め毎年40憶ドルの利益をもたらすことを踏まえれば、防止の純コストは毎年180－270憶ドルとなります。対するCOVID-19は、パンデミックの莫大な費用を示しました。2020年、世界のGDPは少なくとも5兆ドル失われるとされています。これらのコストは死亡率の上昇、医療システム崩壊による死亡、社会距離による活動の喪失によるコストを含めていないものです。10年間の防止コストの現在費用はCOVID-19パンデミックのコストの2％に過ぎないと推計は示しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの一方で、Reutersは、2020年8月1日、ブラジルの公式データによると、世界最大の熱帯雨林であるアマゾンにおける火事が去年の7月より28％増加、環境保全史上最悪であった昨年の記録を繰り返しかねないと懸念が報じられています。NASAによると、2020年の熱帯北大西洋における平均よりも高い表海面温度がアマゾン南部からの湿気をひきつけ、結果として乾燥状態となり、農地拡大のための人為的な火入れによって、ランドスケープが発火しやすく制御不能になりやすい状況が作り出されているとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAndrew P. Dobson, et al. Ecology and economics for pandemic prevention Science\u0026nbsp; 24 Jul 2020: Vol. 369, Issue 6502, pp. 379-381 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc3189\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters　Fires in Brazil\u0027s Amazon rainforest surge in July, worst in recent days. Jake Spring.\u0026nbsp; AUGUST 1, 2020 https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment/fires-in-brazils-amazon-rainforest-surge-in-july-worst-in-recent-days-idUSKBN24X3SW\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 24, 2020, the article \u0022Ecology and\u0026nbsp;economics for\u0026nbsp;pandemic\u0026nbsp;prevention\u0022 was published in\u0026nbsp;Science\u0026nbsp;Magazine. This paper evaluates the cost of monitoring and preventing\u0026nbsp;disease outbreaks due to extensive loss\u0026nbsp;and fragmentation\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;tropical forests,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;the flourishing\u0026nbsp;wildlife trade. Analysis shows that the costs associated with precautionary measures are far less than the economic and mortality costs associated with countering these pathogens. The full article can be accessed at the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, Reuters\u0026nbsp;reported\u0026nbsp;on August 1, 2020\u0026nbsp;that the number offires in the world\u0027s largest rainforest, the Amazon, increased\u0026nbsp;by 28%\u0026nbsp;in July from last year, which could\u0026nbsp;indicate a\u0026nbsp;repeat\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;last year\u0027s worst environmental record.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAndrew P. Dobson, et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://DOI: 10.1126/science.abc3189\u0022\u003EEcology and economics for pandemic prevention\u003C/a\u003E Science\u0026nbsp; 24 Jul 2020: Vol. 369, Issue 6502, pp. 379-381\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReuters　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-environment/fires-in-brazils-amazon-rainforest-surge-in-july-worst-in-recent-days-idUSKBN24X3SW\u0022\u003EFires in Brazil\u0027s Amazon rainforest surge in July, worst in recent days\u003C/a\u003E. Jake Spring.\u0026nbsp; August 1, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200807_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200821_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "105. World Economic Forum: To Counter the COVID-19 Recession, Invest in Food Systems", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "105. World Economic Forum: To Counter the COVID-19 Recession, Invest in Food Systems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) published an article entitled “To counter the COVID-19 recession, invest in the food system” at the World Economic Forum. Three measures have been proposed to stimulate the economy and strengthen the food supply chain: regional economic integration, food security, and strengthening the food system at the regional level.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) published an article entitled “To counter the COVID-19 recession, invest in the food system” at the World Economic Forum. Three measures have been proposed to stimulate the economy and strengthen the food supply chain: regional economic integration, food security, and strengthening the food system at the regional level.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)\u0026nbsp;published an article entitled\u0026nbsp;“To counter the COVID-19 recession, invest in food systems”\u0026nbsp;at the World Economic Forum. Three measures have been proposed to stimulate the economy and strengthen the food supply chain: regional economic integration, food security, and strengthening the food system at the regional level. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/how-we-can-build-more-resilient-and-sustainable-food-systems/\u0022\u003ETo counter the COVID-19 recession, we need to invest in food systems\u003C/a\u003E. 31 Jul 2020, Máximo Torero/FAO, Beata Javorcik/EBRD.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)\u0026nbsp;published an article entitled\u0026nbsp;“To counter the COVID-19 recession, invest in food systems”\u0026nbsp;at the World Economic Forum. Three measures have been proposed to stimulate the economy and strengthen the food supply chain: regional economic integration, food security, and strengthening the food system at the regional level. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/how-we-can-build-more-resilient-and-sustainable-food-systems/\u0022\u003ETo counter the COVID-19 recession, we need to invest in food systems\u003C/a\u003E. 31 Jul 2020, Máximo Torero/FAO, Beata Javorcik/EBRD.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200810#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "105. 世界経済フォーラム　COVID-19不況に対抗するには、フードシステムに投資せよ ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "105. World Economic Forum: To Counter the COVID-19 Recession, Invest in Food Systems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界経済フォーラム(World Economic Forum)にて、国連食糧農業機関（FAO）と欧州復興開発銀行（EBRD）は、「世界経済フォーラム　COVID-19不況に対抗するには、フードシステムに投資せよ」との論考を発表しました。経済を刺激し、フードサプライチェーンを強靭化するための施策として、地域経済統合、食料安全性保障、地域レベルでのフードシステム強化、の三つが提案されています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) published an article entitled “To counter the COVID-19 recession, invest in the food system” at the World Economic Forum. Three measures have been proposed to stimulate the economy and strengthen the food supply chain: regional economic integration, food security, and strengthening the food system at the regional level.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界経済フォーラム(World Economic Forum)にて、国連食糧農業機関（FAO）と欧州復興開発銀行（EBRD）は、「世界経済フォーラム　COVID-19不況に対抗するには、フードシステムに投資せよ To counter the COVID-19 recession, we need to invest in food systems.」との論考を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E危機の発生時、多くの国がモノや人の移動規制を課すことでフードサプライチェーンに緊張が走り、食料へのアクセス確保が課題として浮上しました。さらにフードサプライへの不確実性への懸念から、国内事情を優先した保護主義措置の一環として、食料輸出の規制に乗り出した国もありました。幸いにも、過度の保護主義回避され、最初の規制も徐々に解除されています。FAOやEBRDは各国に過剰な規制をとらないよう求め、また、食料備蓄・生産水準に関するタイムリーな情報・データの提供も、危機回避に大きく貢献しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今回、過剰な保護主義を回避できたことは取り合えずよかったとして、経済を刺激し、フードサプライチェーンを強靭化するには十分とは言えません。それでは、何が期待されているのでしょうか。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第一に、とりわけ地中海南部・東部、サブサハラアフリカ、中央アジアといった地域における国々は、農業市場の地域統合を通じてフードシステムの強靭性を高めるべきです。このような統合は輸出・輸入市場の多様化と高付加価値化機会の創出につながります。欧州等向け輸出需要の落ち込みに直面するアフリカにおいては、貿易規制の撤廃はとりわけ重要です。アフリカ大陸自由貿易協定は中心的な役割を果たします。しかし、そのためには、地域貿易の最大の障壁となっている非関税障壁の撤廃を進めていかなければなりません。例えばナイジェリアは大陸全体への肥料生産能力がありますが、非関税障壁のために他のアフリカ諸国への輸送が不可能になっている結果、多くはラテンアメリカに輸送されています。中央アジアでは、国々はそれぞれのペースで市場開放に移行していますが、進展は遅いといわざるをえません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第二に、食料の安全が保障されなければ人々の健康は期待できず、安全でない食品は国際市場で取引できません。食中毒は食料・動物・人々の移動とともに拡散します。アフリカにおいて食の安全基準を確立する必要があり、そのことで域内地域貿易を振興することが期待されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E第三に、将来またグローバル食料貿易が寸断された場合に備え、国々の強靭性強化に投資することで、持続性を高め、カーボン排出の削減にもつながります。国境封鎖や国内流通の規制で、果物・野菜・肉・乳製品などの大量の生鮮食品が無駄となり、莫大なコストを伴いました。同時に、輸送コストの上昇により多くの途上国が輸出できない状況に陥りました。より地域レベルで多様化された生産・供給を行う強靭で持続的な地域レベルのフードシステムへの転換を加速すべきです。デジタル農業ソリューションは解決策の一つです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. To counter the COVID-19 recession, we need to invest in food systems. 31 Jul 2020, Máximo Torero/FAO, Beata Javorcik/EBRD. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/how-we-can-build-more-resilient-and-sustainable-food-systems/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)\u0026nbsp;published an article entitled\u0026nbsp;“To counter the COVID-19 recession, invest in food systems”\u0026nbsp;at the World Economic Forum. Three measures have been proposed to stimulate the economy and strengthen the food supply chain: regional economic integration, food security, and strengthening the food system at the regional level. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Economic Forum. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/how-we-can-build-more-resilient-and-sustainable-food-systems/\u0022\u003ETo counter the COVID-19 recession, we need to invest in food systems\u003C/a\u003E. 31 Jul 2020, Máximo Torero/FAO, Beata Javorcik/EBRD.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200810_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200821_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-11", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "106. World Bank ー Beyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "106. World Bank ー Beyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On August 6, 2020, the World Bank published an article entitled “Beyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course” addressing the issues on pervasive information asymmetry and transaction costs in vast food systems and the need for transformation to a more comprehensive, resilient and sustainable model.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 6, 2020, the World Bank published an article entitled “Beyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course” addressing the issues on pervasive information asymmetry and transaction costs in vast food systems and the need for transformation to a more comprehensive, resilient and sustainable model.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 6, 2020, the World Bank\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;article\u0026nbsp;entitled\u0026nbsp;“Beyond the Pandemic:\u0026nbsp;Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course” addressing the\u0026nbsp;issues on\u0026nbsp;pervasive information asymmetry and transaction costs\u0026nbsp;in vast food systems and the need for transformation to a more comprehensive, resilient and sustainable model.。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe three recommendations for digital acceleration of agricultural transformation are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first D: De-concentrate markets and supply chains\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe second D: Decentralize traceability\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe third D: Disseminate open data\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/immersive-story/2020/08/06/beyond-the-pandemic-harnessing-the-digital-revolution-to-set-food-systems-on-a-better-course\u0022\u003EBeyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course\u003C/a\u003E, By: Julian Lampietti, Ghada El Abed, and Kateryna Schroeder, August 6, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 6, 2020, the World Bank\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;article\u0026nbsp;entitled\u0026nbsp;“Beyond the Pandemic:\u0026nbsp;Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course” addressing the\u0026nbsp;issues on\u0026nbsp;pervasive information asymmetry and transaction costs\u0026nbsp;in vast food systems and the need for transformation to a more comprehensive, resilient and sustainable model.。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe three recommendations for digital acceleration of agricultural transformation are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first D: De-concentrate markets and supply chains\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe second D: Decentralize traceability\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe third D: Disseminate open data\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/immersive-story/2020/08/06/beyond-the-pandemic-harnessing-the-digital-revolution-to-set-food-systems-on-a-better-course\u0022\u003EBeyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course\u003C/a\u003E, By: Julian Lampietti, Ghada El Abed, and Kateryna Schroeder, August 6, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200811#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-11", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "106. 世界銀行 パンデミックを超えて：フードシステムをよりよい軌跡に導くためのデジタル革命　", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "106. World Bank ー Beyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月6日、世界銀行は、「 パンデミックを超えて：フードシステムをよりよい軌跡に導くためのデジタル革命」論考を発表しました。本論考では、広大なフードシステムにおいて蔓延する情報の非対称性と取引費用問題を正し、より包括的で強靭性があり持続的なモデルへの転換の必要性について議論します。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 6, 2020, the World Bank published an article entitled “Beyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course” addressing the issues on pervasive information asymmetry and transaction costs in vast food systems and the need for transformation to a more comprehensive, resilient and sustainable model.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月6日、世界銀行は、「 パンデミックを超えて：フードシステムをよりよい軌跡に導くためのデジタル革命　Beyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course」との論考を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eコロナウイルスパンデミックがもたらした最も印象的な出来事の一つに、ミルク廃棄し卵を破壊し野菜を土壌に漉き込みなおす農民の姿と、商店では空の棚に直面し食料配給センターでは長蛇の列を作らなければならない消費者の姿、の対比がありました。一方で食料が余り、もう一方で食料が不足するという事態はどうして起こるのでしょうか。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本論考では、広大なフードシステムにおいて蔓延する情報の非対称性と取引費用問題を正し、より包括的で強靭性があり持続的なモデルへの転換の必要性について議論します。ジャストインタイム・サプライチェーンによって支えられる大規模な商業的食料生産は多くの便益をもたらしましたが、このシステムの破滅的な側面も次第に明らかになっています。デジタル革命は、小規模で柔軟な生産システムが繁栄し、変化し続ける環境に俊敏に適応するような、代替的な均衡状態の可能性を提供します。そこでは、小規模でも常に繋がっていることが解決策になりえます。第二次世界大戦中のダンケルク大撤退の日、軍が海岸に追い詰められ、兵員輸送船が航海能力を失う中、数百もの小型船舶が救世主となったように。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eしかしデジタル革新が目的を遂げるには、インフラと人的資源を増強し、アクセスへのジェンダー格差に配慮し、環境的な利益に注力する政策が必要とされます。これら課題は、2020年末に公表が予定されている「 デジタルによる農業トランスフォーメーションの加速　“Digital Acceleration of Agricultural Transformation”」にてとりあげますが、本論考では、以下の三つの提案をします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E一つ目のD：市場・サプライチェーンの非集中化(The first D: De-concentrate markets and supply chains)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E二つ目のD：トレーサビリティの分権化（The second D: Decentralize traceability）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E三つ目のD：オープンデータの普及（The third D: Disseminate open data）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, Beyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course, By: Julian Lampietti, Ghada El Abed, and Kateryna Schroeder, August 6, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/immersive-story/2020/08/06/beyond-the-pandemic-harnessing-the-digital-revolution-to-set-food-systems-on-a-better-course\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.worldbank.org/en/news/immersive-story/2020/08/06/beyond-the-pandemic-harnessing-the-digital-revolution-to-set-food-systems-on-a-better-course\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 6, 2020, the World Bank\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;article\u0026nbsp;entitled\u0026nbsp;“Beyond the Pandemic:\u0026nbsp;Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course” addressing the\u0026nbsp;issues on\u0026nbsp;pervasive information asymmetry and transaction costs\u0026nbsp;in vast food systems and the need for transformation to a more comprehensive, resilient and sustainable model.。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe three recommendations for digital acceleration of agricultural transformation are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first D: De-concentrate markets and supply chains\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe second D: Decentralize traceability\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe third D: Disseminate open data\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/immersive-story/2020/08/06/beyond-the-pandemic-harnessing-the-digital-revolution-to-set-food-systems-on-a-better-course\u0022\u003EBeyond the Pandemic: Harnessing the Digital Revolution to Set Food Systems on a Better Course\u003C/a\u003E, By: Julian Lampietti, Ghada El Abed, and Kateryna Schroeder, August 6, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200811_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200821#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "107. Carbon Brief: 2020 Set to be First or Second Warmest Year on Record", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "107. Carbon Brief: 2020 Set to be First or Second Warmest Year on Record", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On August 11, 2020, temperatures in excess of 40 degrees were recorded in several places in Japan. The Carbon Brief, a UK-based website covering the latest developments on on climate change, announced on July 30 that 2020 could be the first or second warmest year in history. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 11, 2020, temperatures in excess of 40 degrees were recorded in several places in Japan. The Carbon Brief, a UK-based website covering the latest developments on on climate change, announced on July 30 that 2020 could be the first or second warmest year in history. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 11, 2020, temperatures in excess of 40 degrees were recorded in several places in Japan. The Carbon Brief, a UK-basedwebsite covering the latest developments on\u0026nbsp;on climate change, announced on July 30 that 2020 could be the first or second\u0026nbsp;warmestyear in history. Global surface temperatures were exceptionally high in the first half of 2020, comparable to 2016. Unlike 2016, when there was a particularly strong El Niño event in the tropical Pacific region, this year has markedly\u0026nbsp;high temperature, given that the El Niño event has been “neutral” so far.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the full article below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECarbon Brief. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.carbonbrief.org/state-of-the-climate-2020-set-to-be-first-or-second-warmest-year-on-record\u0022\u003EState of the climate: 2020 set to be first or second warmest year on record\u003C/a\u003E STATE OF THE CLIMATE \u0026nbsp;30 July 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 11, 2020, temperatures in excess of 40 degrees were recorded in several places in Japan. The Carbon Brief, a UK-basedwebsite covering the latest developments on\u0026nbsp;on climate change, announced on July 30 that 2020 could be the first or second\u0026nbsp;warmestyear in history. Global surface temperatures were exceptionally high in the first half of 2020, comparable to 2016. Unlike 2016, when there was a particularly strong El Niño event in the tropical Pacific region, this year has markedly\u0026nbsp;high temperature, given that the El Niño event has been “neutral” so far.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the full article below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECarbon Brief. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.carbonbrief.org/state-of-the-climate-2020-set-to-be-first-or-second-warmest-year-on-record\u0022\u003EState of the climate: 2020 set to be first or second warmest year on record\u003C/a\u003E STATE OF THE CLIMATE \u0026nbsp;30 July 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200812#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "107. Carbon Brief: 2020年は史上1番目か2番目に暑い年に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "107. Carbon Brief: 2020 Set to be First or Second Warmest Year on Record", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月11日、日本でも数か所で40度を超える気温が記録されました。イギリスで気候変動関連の情報提供を行うCarbon Briefは、7月30日、2020年は史上1番目か2番目に暑い年になりうるとの論考を発表しました。グローバルな表面温度は2020年上半期、2016年に匹敵するほど例外的に高い値を示しました。熱帯太平洋地域でとりわけ強いエルニーニョ現象が見られた2016年と違い、今年はこれまでのところエルニーニョ現象が「中立的」であることを踏まえれば、著しい高気温を記録していると言えます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 11, 2020, temperatures in excess of 40 degrees were recorded in several places in Japan. The Carbon Brief, a UK-based website covering the latest developments on on climate change, announced on July 30 that 2020 could be the first or second warmest year in history. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月11日、日本でも数か所で40度を超える気温が記録されました。イギリスで気候変動関連の情報提供を行うCarbon Briefは、7月30日、2020年は史上1番目か2番目に暑い年になりうるとの論考を発表しました。グローバルな表面温度は2020年上半期、2016年に匹敵するほど例外的に高い値を示しました。熱帯太平洋地域でとりわけ強いエルニーニョ現象が見られた2016年と違い、今年はこれまでのところエルニーニョ現象が「中立的」であることを踏まえれば、著しい高気温を記録していると言えます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年6月は、1850年に観測が始まって以来、1番目か2番目に高温を記録しました。2020年の上半期は、異常気象によっても特徴づけられます。オーストラリアでは高温を記録し、北シベリアでは産業革命以前に比べ7度以上の高温を記録しました。この異常な高温は人為的な温暖化なしに殆ど起こりえないとされています。北極海氷も7月の殆どでに低い水準を記録しました。まだ確定できませんが、2020年は北極海氷域の最低値記録を更新しそうです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人為的なCO2や他の温室効果ガス排出が長期的な地球の温暖化の原因となっている一方、一年の気温の変動は地球の短期的な気候に影響され、地球の気候はエルニーニョやラニーニャと密接に関連します。これらは熱帯太平洋での海洋・大気気温の変動をもたらし、年ごとの高温・低温傾向に影響します。2020年の前半期はエルニーニョは中立的で気温への影響は殆どないとみられる中、ここ2か月ほど穏やかなラニーニャが発展しています。予測によると相対的に小さい影響ながらラニーニャは今年後半に続くようです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECarbon Brief. State of the climate: 2020 set to be first or second warmest year on record STATE OF THE CLIMATE \u0026nbsp;30 July 2020 https://www.carbonbrief.org/state-of-the-climate-2020-set-to-be-first-or-second-warmest-year-on-record\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 11, 2020, temperatures in excess of 40 degrees were recorded in several places in Japan. The Carbon Brief, a UK-basedwebsite covering the latest developments on\u0026nbsp;on climate change, announced on July 30 that 2020 could be the first or second\u0026nbsp;warmestyear in history. Global surface temperatures were exceptionally high in the first half of 2020, comparable to 2016. Unlike 2016, when there was a particularly strong El Niño event in the tropical Pacific region, this year has markedly\u0026nbsp;high temperature, given that the El Niño event has been “neutral” so far.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the full article below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECarbon Brief. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.carbonbrief.org/state-of-the-climate-2020-set-to-be-first-or-second-warmest-year-on-record\u0022\u003EState of the climate: 2020 set to be first or second warmest year on record\u003C/a\u003E STATE OF THE CLIMATE \u0026nbsp;30 July 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200812_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200821_4#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "108. WorldVeg: Building Momentum for Traditional African Vegetables in Madagascar", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "108. WorldVeg: Building Momentum for Traditional African Vegetables in Madagascar", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/madagascar#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Madagascar", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "マダガスカル", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Madagascar", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg) is leading a study aimed at understanding the diversity of traditional African vegetables used by Malagasy farmers, assessing their conservation status, and exploring opportunities for income generation and increased consumption. Details of the study supported by the Darwin Initiative are presented in an article by Ritha Luoga and Sognigbe N\u0027Danikou published in the WorldVeg website.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg) is leading a study aimed at understanding the diversity of traditional African vegetables used by Malagasy farmers, assessing their conservation status, and exploring opportunities for income generation and increased consumption. Details of the study supported by the Darwin Initiative are presented in an article by Ritha Luoga and Sognigbe N\u0027Danikou published in the WorldVeg website.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg)\u0026nbsp;is leading a study aimed at\u0026nbsp;understanding\u0026nbsp;the diversity of traditional African vegetables used by Malagasy farmers, assessing\u0026nbsp;their conservation status, and exploring\u0026nbsp;opportunities for income generation and increased consumption. Details of the study supported by the Darwin Initiative\u0026nbsp;are presented in an\u0026nbsp;article entitled \u0022\u003Ca href=\u0022https://avrdc.org/building-momentum-for-traditional-african-vegetables-in-madagascar/\u0022\u003EBuilding momentum for traditional African vegetables in Madagascar\u003C/a\u003E\u0022\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;Ritha Luoga and Sognigbe N\u0027Danikou published\u0026nbsp;in the\u0026nbsp;WorldVeg\u0026nbsp;website.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Darwin Initiative aims to promote the production and commercialization of traditional African vegetables through the conservation and development of genetic resources in Madagascar. The project will make vegetables accessible to 15,000 Malagasy farmers, promote climate-friendly agricultural systems and conserve vegetable biodiversity. This project is helping Madagascar to achieve\u0026nbsp;SDG1 (eliminate poverty), SDG2 (zero hunger) and SDG13 (specific measures against climate change).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Vegetable Center. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://avrdc.org/building-momentum-for-traditional-african-vegetables-in-madagascar/\u0022\u003EBuilding momentum for traditional African vegetables in Madagascar\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETadele, Z. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03210-6\u0022\u003EOrphan crops: their importance and the urgency of improvement\u003C/a\u003E. Planta 250, 677–694 (2019)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUse of photos for publicity is authorized by WorldVeg.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: HOSHIKAWA Ken (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg)\u0026nbsp;is leading a study aimed at\u0026nbsp;understanding\u0026nbsp;the diversity of traditional African vegetables used by Malagasy farmers, assessing\u0026nbsp;their conservation status, and exploring\u0026nbsp;opportunities for income generation and increased consumption. Details of the study supported by the Darwin Initiative\u0026nbsp;are presented in an\u0026nbsp;article entitled \u0022\u003Ca href=\u0022https://avrdc.org/building-momentum-for-traditional-african-vegetables-in-madagascar/\u0022\u003EBuilding momentum for traditional African vegetables in Madagascar\u003C/a\u003E\u0022\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;Ritha Luoga and Sognigbe N\u0027Danikou published\u0026nbsp;in the\u0026nbsp;WorldVeg\u0026nbsp;website.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Darwin Initiative aims to promote the production and commercialization of traditional African vegetables through the conservation and development of genetic resources in Madagascar. The project will make vegetables accessible to 15,000 Malagasy farmers, promote climate-friendly agricultural systems and conserve vegetable biodiversity. This project is helping Madagascar to achieve\u0026nbsp;SDG1 (eliminate poverty), SDG2 (zero hunger) and SDG13 (specific measures against climate change).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Vegetable Center. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://avrdc.org/building-momentum-for-traditional-african-vegetables-in-madagascar/\u0022\u003EBuilding momentum for traditional African vegetables in Madagascar\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETadele, Z. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03210-6\u0022\u003EOrphan crops: their importance and the urgency of improvement\u003C/a\u003E. Planta 250, 677–694 (2019)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUse of photos for publicity is authorized by WorldVeg.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: HOSHIKAWA Ken (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200813#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "108. 世界野菜センター: マダガスカルの伝統野菜に勢いをつける ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "108. WorldVeg: Building Momentum for Traditional African Vegetables in Madagascar", "@language": "en" } ], "schema:location": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/country/madagascar#entity", "rdfs:seeAlso": "http://dbpedia.org/resource/Madagascar", "@type": "schema:Country", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "マダガスカル", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Madagascar", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界野菜センター（World Vegetable Center；World Veg) のRitha Luoga と Sognigbe N’Danikouは、World Veg のホームページに「マダガスカルにおける伝統野菜の利用」についての記事を公表しました。著書らは、マダガスカルにおける野菜遺伝資源の保全、食料と栄養の安全保障、農家の収入向上における伝統野菜の重要性について、報告しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg) is leading a study aimed at understanding the diversity of traditional African vegetables used by Malagasy farmers, assessing their conservation status, and exploring opportunities for income generation and increased consumption. Details of the study supported by the Darwin Initiative are presented in an article by Ritha Luoga and Sognigbe N\u0027Danikou published in the WorldVeg website.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E世界野菜センター（World Vegetable Center；World Veg) のRitha Luoga と Sognigbe N’Danikouは、World Veg のホームページに「\u003Ca href=\u0022https://avrdc.org/building-momentum-for-traditional-african-vegetables-in-madagascar/\u0022\u003Eマダガスカルにおける伝統野菜の利用\u003C/a\u003E」についての記事を公表しました。著書らは、マダガスカルにおける野菜遺伝資源の保全、食料と栄養の安全保障、農家の収入向上における伝統野菜の重要性について、報告しました。以下、その概要を記します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E希少植物種が非常に豊富であるマダガスカルは、世界で最も貴重な生物多様性の宝庫のひとつです。島内には10,000種以上の植物種が生息しており、そのうちのいくつかはマダガスカルの固有種であり、アフリカ独特の野菜種を含み伝統的な食用植物として利用されています。しかしながら、マダガスカルは生物多様性の「ホットスポット」でもあり、これは、非常に多くの固有種が特定の生息地に集中して生育していることで、生物の多様性が急速に失われている場所を示します。島は原植生の70％以上を失っており、残っている植物の多様性を保護する必要性が高まっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eマダガスカルで一般的に「Bredes」として知られている伝統野菜\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C/sup\u003Eは食料と栄養の安全を保障し、農家に収入を提供し、貧困の緩和のための貴重な機会を提供します。これらの植物種の可能性を認識して、ダーウィンイニシアティブ（Darwin Initiative）\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003Eは、2018年にWorld Vegが率いるスコーピング研究（Scoping study）\u003Csup\u003E3\u003C/sup\u003Eをサポートし、マダガスカルの農家が用いる伝統野菜の多様性を理解し、保護状況を評価し、収入増加と消費増加の機会創出を調査・分析しました。英国政府の助成金制度であるDarwin Initiativeは、1992年以来、世界規模の地域ベースのプロジェクトを通じて生物多様性と自然環境を保護することを目指してきました。調査結果は、マダガスカルの農民が伝統野菜の多様性を維持している一方で、実際の生産と消費は低いことを示しました。土地利用の変化と作物種の変更 (収量性に優れた特定の品種・種への変更) の圧力下では、地方または国による伝統野菜の根絶を生じやすくさせ、伝統野菜の存在を脅かしています。種子増殖・提供システムへの適切な投資と、栄養、収入、気候変動への適応のための伝統野菜の様々な利点は、伝統野菜のような特別な種の利用促進とより良い遺伝資源の保護につながるでしょう。Scoping studyにより伝統野菜の収集と生産地の候補を特定しました。Darwin Initiativeは、2019年5月に、マダガスカルの2つの野菜栽培地域であるItasyとAntsirabeにおいて、食糧と栄養の安全保障を強化することにより、農業における生物多様性の利益を保障するための3年のプロジェクトを開始しました。本プロジェクトは、WorldVeg、マダガスカル国立農村開発応用研究センター (FOFIFA), アンタナナリボ大学, 民間種子会社であるSEMANAが参画しています。プロジェクトの初年度には、マダガスカルにおいて、25人の普及員（68％が女性）がトレーニングを受け、200人以上の女性農家に種子節約の方法、一般参加型の地元品種と市販品種の評価（図1）、伝統野菜の栽培法、またその栽培準備の方法をトレーニングしました。WorldVegが開発したアマランサス（Amaranth；図2）、 アフリカンエッグプラント（African eggplant；図3）、 アフリカンナイトシェード（African nightshade；図4）、エチオピアンマスタード（Ethiopian mustard）等、12の改良品種を含む250個の種子キット（キットあたり40 g）がマダガスカルに送られ、一般参加型の農場での評価、種子増殖のため、女性農家を中心に配布されました。FOFIFA によりAntsirabeで栽培試験が行われ、現地の栽培条件下でこれらの野菜系統を特徴付けし、農学的・形態学的特性を評価しました。2020年の初めに400人の農民（200人の受益者と200人の非受益者）を対象に行った世帯調査では、伝統野菜種の現状と世帯利用に関するデータを収集し、ItasyとAntsirabeでこれらの種の生産と利用に関する課題を特定しました。その結果、伝統野菜の消費が低いことが明らかとなりました。伝統野菜は市場での売買ではなく、主に家庭での消費に使用されていることが明らかとなり、多くの農家は、伝統野菜の栄養価についての認識に欠けていました。このプロジェクトの目的は、普及員を通じて、伝統野菜を農家の収入向上のために生産すること、家庭やコミュニティにおける食料安全保障を改善すること、さらに、彼らの食事の栄養価を高めることについて、マダガスカルの農民に自覚を促すことです。一方で、本プロジェクトは、農業生物多様性の保護と利用を促進する方法として、地域の学校のガーデンプログラム（garden program）を促進することを目指しています。学校の畑で栽培されている作物、伝統野菜の価値と栽培に関する知識、これらの野菜を栽培して学校の食事に取り入れようとする学校の考え方について、教師、生徒とグループディスカッションを行いました。 2021年までに、伝統野菜の栽培を奨励し、栄養失調への改善における伝統野菜の重要性を教師と生徒に考えてもらうために、8回のグループディスカッションが開催予定です。生物多様性の保全には、伝統野菜を含む野菜遺伝資源の保護も含まれます。本プロジェクトは、マダガスカル政府から遺伝資源を収集する許可を取得しています。訓練を受けた200人の女性農家は、家庭での消費と商品化のために、すでに12種類の野菜を栽培して評価しています（図5）。これらの進歩的な女性農家のうち10人は、商業的な種子生産と種子ビジネスの企業に向けてトレーニングを受けています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDarwin Initiativeは、マダガスカルの遺伝資源の保全と発展を通じてアフリカの伝統野菜の生産と商品化を促進することを目指しています。本プロジェクトにより、15,000人のマダガスカルの人々が野菜にアクセスしやすくなり、気候に強い農業システムと野菜の多様性保護を促進します。このプロジェクトは、マダガスカルのSDGs1（貧困をなくそう）、SDGs2（飢餓をゼロに）、SDGs13（気候変動に具体的な対策を）の達成に貢献しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Csup\u003E1\u003C/sup\u003E伝統野菜とは、「孤児作物」(orphan crop) の一つです。孤児作物とは、ある地域（特に、アジア、アフリカ等の開発途上地域）において食料と栄養供給において重要な作物ですが、研究、近代的な育種、生産技術の改善等の対象にされてこなかった作物を指します。他にも低利用作物 (underutilized crops)、失われた作物 (lost crops)、無視作物 (neglected crops)など様々な呼び方があります。孤児作物には穀物（ヒエ、アワ、キヌア、シコクビエ等）、豆類（ササゲ、バンバラマメ等）、野菜 （アマランサス、オクラ、バオバブ等）、根および塊茎作物（キャッサバ、ヤムイモ等）が含まれます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Csup\u003E2\u003C/sup\u003Eダーウィンイニシアティブ (Darwin Initiative) は、生物多様性条約（CBD）に基づく目標を達成するために、生物多様性は豊富だが資金が乏しい国を支援することを目的とした英国政府の資金プログラムです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Csup\u003E3\u003C/sup\u003E スコーピングとは「範囲の絞込み」の意味。スコーピング研究（Scoping study）とは、 現状を分析し、検討範囲を絞り込んでいくことの意味。本研究では、現状 (マダガスカルの農家が用いる伝統野菜の多様性を検証、遺伝資源の保護状況を評価) を分析し、検討範囲 (収入と消費増加の機会創出) を絞り込みました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Vegetable Canter. Building momentum for traditional African vegetables in Madagascar　https://avrdc.org/building-momentum-for-traditional-african-vegetables-in-madagascar/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETadele, Z. Orphan crops: their importance and the urgency of improvement. Planta 250, 677–694 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03210-6\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E写真については、World Vegetable Centerの広報より掲載許可をいただいている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：生物資源・利用領域　星川　健）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg)\u0026nbsp;is leading a study aimed at\u0026nbsp;understanding\u0026nbsp;the diversity of traditional African vegetables used by Malagasy farmers, assessing\u0026nbsp;their conservation status, and exploring\u0026nbsp;opportunities for income generation and increased consumption. Details of the study supported by the Darwin Initiative\u0026nbsp;are presented in an\u0026nbsp;article entitled \u0022\u003Ca href=\u0022https://avrdc.org/building-momentum-for-traditional-african-vegetables-in-madagascar/\u0022\u003EBuilding momentum for traditional African vegetables in Madagascar\u003C/a\u003E\u0022\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;Ritha Luoga and Sognigbe N\u0027Danikou published\u0026nbsp;in the\u0026nbsp;WorldVeg\u0026nbsp;website.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Darwin Initiative aims to promote the production and commercialization of traditional African vegetables through the conservation and development of genetic resources in Madagascar. The project will make vegetables accessible to 15,000 Malagasy farmers, promote climate-friendly agricultural systems and conserve vegetable biodiversity. This project is helping Madagascar to achieve\u0026nbsp;SDG1 (eliminate poverty), SDG2 (zero hunger) and SDG13 (specific measures against climate change).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Vegetable Center. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://avrdc.org/building-momentum-for-traditional-african-vegetables-in-madagascar/\u0022\u003EBuilding momentum for traditional African vegetables in Madagascar\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETadele, Z. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03210-6\u0022\u003EOrphan crops: their importance and the urgency of improvement\u003C/a\u003E. Planta 250, 677–694 (2019)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUse of photos for publicity is authorized by WorldVeg.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: HOSHIKAWA Ken (Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200813_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200824_2#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "109. Bill Gates ー COVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "109. Bill Gates ー COVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse.", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In the August 4, 2020 update of GatesNotes, the blog of Bill Gates, the Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist said that “COVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse”. At the same, he gave an optimistic view that “there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one”.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the August 4, 2020 update of GatesNotes, the blog of Bill Gates, the Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist said that “COVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse”. At the same, he gave an optimistic view that “there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one”.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the\u0026nbsp;August 4, 2020\u0026nbsp;update of GatesNotes,\u0026nbsp;the blog of\u0026nbsp;Bill Gates, the Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist\u0026nbsp;said that\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19 is awful.\u0026nbsp;Climate change could be worse”. At the same, he gave an optimistic view that “there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn particular, he suggested that we should:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1.\u0026nbsp;Let science and innovation lead the way.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2.\u0026nbsp;Make sure solutions work for poor countries too.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3.\u0026nbsp;Start now.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at GatesNotes in the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGatesNotes. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesnotes.com/Energy/Climate-and-COVID-19 \u0022\u003ECOVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse. But there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one\u003C/a\u003E. By Bill Gates| August 04, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the\u0026nbsp;August 4, 2020\u0026nbsp;update of GatesNotes,\u0026nbsp;the blog of\u0026nbsp;Bill Gates, the Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist\u0026nbsp;said that\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19 is awful.\u0026nbsp;Climate change could be worse”. At the same, he gave an optimistic view that “there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn particular, he suggested that we should:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1.\u0026nbsp;Let science and innovation lead the way.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2.\u0026nbsp;Make sure solutions work for poor countries too.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3.\u0026nbsp;Start now.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at GatesNotes in the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGatesNotes. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesnotes.com/Energy/Climate-and-COVID-19 \u0022\u003ECOVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse. But there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one\u003C/a\u003E. By Bill Gates| August 04, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200814#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "109. ビル・ゲイツ ―　新型コロナウイルス感染症は悲惨であるが、気候変動はそれ以上の影響をもたらしうる ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "109. Bill Gates ー COVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse.", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月4日、ビル・ゲイツ氏はブログを更新しました。ゲイツ氏は、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19)は悲惨であるが、気候変動はそれ以上の影響をもたらしうるとし、現在の危機からの教訓をもとに、科学やイノベーションに基づく行動、異分野連携、早急な行動、を提言しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the August 4, 2020 update of GatesNotes, the blog of Bill Gates, the Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist said that “COVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse”. At the same, he gave an optimistic view that “there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one”.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月4日、ビル・ゲイツ氏はブログを更新しました。ゲイツ氏は、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19)は悲惨であるが、気候変動はそれ以上の影響をもたらしうるとし、現在の危機からの教訓を引き出すべきとしました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19パンデミック抑制のための経済活動の規制により、一時的に温室効果ガス排出は低減したものの、昨年比で8％しか下落しておらず、文字通り大きな経済的コストを伴っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E経済学者の推計によると、100万ドル相当の技術が1万トンのガス排出を回避できるとすれば、カーボン削減一トン当たり100ドルというコストが、割高ながらも温室効果ガスが社会にもたらすコストを反映しており、議論を促すベンチマークになると考えています。COVID-19による経済封鎖によるカーボン排出削減のコストは、アメリカで1トンあたり3200-5400ドル、EUでも同程度と推計されており、エコノミストが合理的な価格とする1トンあたり100ドルの32－54倍もかかっていることになります。COVID-19の拡散抑止が長期化した場合の損害を見れば、気候変動がもたらす損害の規模を想像することも容易でしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年のCOVID-19と2060年の気候変動で犠牲になる人的損害の比較推計は難しいですが、死亡率でみるとどうでしょうか。（8月4日執筆前の時点で）COVID-19による犠牲者の数は世界で60万人以上、年率に直すと10万人あたり14人の死亡率に相当します。2060年までは気候変動とCOVID-19の被害は同程度ですが、2100年には気候変動の方が5倍悪化すると予測されています。同様に、経済的損害も、気候変動と同様、あるいは長期的にはより莫大な損失をもたらすとされています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19から学べる教訓は、重要なことは気候変動そのものの損害規模よりも、後回しにすることの帰結について十分な情報をもって行動し、次の危機に備えるべきであるということです。とりわけ、以下の行動をとるべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまず、科学やイノベーションに基づいて行動すべきであること。単に移動を減らすだけではゼロ排出は達成し得ません。コロナウイルスに対するテスト・治療・ワクチンが必要とされるように、気候変動への対応も新たなツールが必要です。それらは、発電、生産、食料生産、建物の温度調整、世界中のヒト・モノの移動、に関するゼロ・カーボン方法を模索することです。そして、とりわけ途上国の小規模農民に代表される貧困な人々に新たな種子やイノベーションへのアクセスを提供することで、不確実な気候に適応するのを助けるべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eまた、気候変動に包括的に対応するには、生物学、化学、物理学、政治学、経済学、工学、そのほか異分野連携が重要です。COVID-19以上に、気候変動から最悪の被害を被ることが予想される貧しい国々に適した解決策も必要です。クリーン・エネルギーへの投資についても、途上国の人々がアクセス可能な仕組みが必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今すぐ行動を開始しなければなりません。ワクチン開発を来年頃に見越すことができるコロナウイルスと違い、気候変動は2年間で解決できるものではなく、数十年間の努力が必要です。医療関係者はずっとパンミックは不可避であると言い続けてきました。世界は準備不足で失われた時間を取り戻さなければなりません。気候変動では同じ誤りを繰り返すことなく、直ちに行動を起こすべきです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGatesNotes. COVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse. But there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one. By Bill Gates| August 04, 2020 https://www.gatesnotes.com/Energy/Climate-and-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the\u0026nbsp;August 4, 2020\u0026nbsp;update of GatesNotes,\u0026nbsp;the blog of\u0026nbsp;Bill Gates, the Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist\u0026nbsp;said that\u0026nbsp;“COVID-19 is awful.\u0026nbsp;Climate change could be worse”. At the same, he gave an optimistic view that “there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn particular, he suggested that we should:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1.\u0026nbsp;Let science and innovation lead the way.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2.\u0026nbsp;Make sure solutions work for poor countries too.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3.\u0026nbsp;Start now.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at GatesNotes in the link below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGatesNotes. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesnotes.com/Energy/Climate-and-COVID-19 \u0022\u003ECOVID-19 is awful. Climate change could be worse. But there are lessons from the current crisis that should guide our response to the next one\u003C/a\u003E. By Bill Gates| August 04, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200814_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200824_3#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "110. Nature Climate Change: Current and Future Global Climate Impacts Resulting from COVID-19", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "110. Nature Climate Change: Current and Future Global Climate Impacts Resulting from COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On August 6, 2020, a paper entitled \u0022Current and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change. According to the authors\u0027 analysis using national mobility data, it is estimated that the the cooling effect due to pandemic-driven response such as movement restrictions will be negligible. On the other hand, it is possible to avoid future global warming of 0.3°C by 2050 with an economic recovery geared towards “green” economic stimulus measures and reduction in fossil fuel investments.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 6, 2020, a paper entitled \u0022Current and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change. According to the authors\u0027 analysis using national mobility data, it is estimated that the the cooling effect due to pandemic-driven response such as movement restrictions will be negligible. On the other hand, it is possible to avoid future global warming of 0.3°C by 2050 with an economic recovery geared towards “green” economic stimulus measures and reduction in fossil fuel investments.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 6, 2020, a paper entitled \u0022Current and future global climate impacts\u0026nbsp;resulting from COVID-19\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change. According to the authors\u0027 analysis\u0026nbsp;using national mobility data, it\u0026nbsp;is estimated that\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;the cooling effect due to pandemic-driven\u0026nbsp;response\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;movement restrictions\u0026nbsp;will be\u0026nbsp;negligible. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;it is possible to avoid future\u0026nbsp;global warming\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;0.3°C by 2050\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;an economic recovery\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;geared towards\u0026nbsp;“green” economic stimulus measures and reduction in fossil fuel investments.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EForster, P.M., Forster, H.I., Evans, M.J. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0883-0\u0022\u003ECurrent and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 6, 2020, a paper entitled \u0022Current and future global climate impacts\u0026nbsp;resulting from COVID-19\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change. According to the authors\u0027 analysis\u0026nbsp;using national mobility data, it\u0026nbsp;is estimated that\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;the cooling effect due to pandemic-driven\u0026nbsp;response\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;movement restrictions\u0026nbsp;will be\u0026nbsp;negligible. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;it is possible to avoid future\u0026nbsp;global warming\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;0.3°C by 2050\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;an economic recovery\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;geared towards\u0026nbsp;“green” economic stimulus measures and reduction in fossil fuel investments.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EForster, P.M., Forster, H.I., Evans, M.J. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0883-0\u0022\u003ECurrent and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200817#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "110. Nature Climate Change: 新型コロナウイルス感染症に起因する現在そして将来のグローバル気候インパクト", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "110. Nature Climate Change: Current and Future Global Climate Impacts Resulting from COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月6日、Nature Climate Change誌にて、「新型コロナウイルス感染症に起因する現在そして将来のグローバル気候インパクト」論文が公表されました。著者らの分析によると、パンデミック対応の移動規制等による冷却効果は無視できるほど小さいことが推計される一方、「グリーン」な経済刺激策と化石燃料投資への削減により、2050年まで0.3℃の温暖化を回避することは可能であるとしました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 6, 2020, a paper entitled \u0022Current and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change. According to the authors\u0027 analysis using national mobility data, it is estimated that the the cooling effect due to pandemic-driven response such as movement restrictions will be negligible. On the other hand, it is possible to avoid future global warming of 0.3°C by 2050 with an economic recovery geared towards “green” economic stimulus measures and reduction in fossil fuel investments.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月6日、Nature Climate Change誌にて、「新型コロナウイルス感染症に起因する現在そして将来のグローバル気候インパクトCurrent and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19」論文が公表されました。COVID-19パンデミックに対する世界的な対応（移動規制・国境封鎖等）により、温室効果ガス排出と大気汚染の双方が急激に下落しました。国レベルのモビリティデータを用い、2020年2－6月の排出について推計した著者らの分析によると、4月にNOｘ排出は最大30％ほど低下しました。しかし、この冷却傾向は、世界的なSO2排出（地域歴な冷却効果を持つとされる ---*国立環境研究所）を20％減らすことで相殺されてしまいました。結果として、パンデミックによる対応の効果は無視できるほど小さいことが推計されました。他方、著者らは「グリーン」な経済刺激策と化石燃料投資への削減により、2050年まで0.3℃の温暖化を回避することは可能です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EForster, P.M., Forster, H.I., Evans, M.J. et al. Current and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0883-0\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*国立環境研究所.「気候変動」と「大気汚染」の問題を同時解決！！ 2019年8月26日 \u0026nbsp;花岡達也 https://www.nies.go.jp/kanko/news/38/38-3/38-3-03.html\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 6, 2020, a paper entitled \u0022Current and future global climate impacts\u0026nbsp;resulting from COVID-19\u0022 was published in Nature Climate Change. According to the authors\u0027 analysis\u0026nbsp;using national mobility data, it\u0026nbsp;is estimated that\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;the cooling effect due to pandemic-driven\u0026nbsp;response\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;movement restrictions\u0026nbsp;will be\u0026nbsp;negligible. On the other hand,\u0026nbsp;it is possible to avoid future\u0026nbsp;global warming\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;0.3°C by 2050\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;an economic recovery\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;geared towards\u0026nbsp;“green” economic stimulus measures and reduction in fossil fuel investments.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EForster, P.M., Forster, H.I., Evans, M.J. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0883-0\u0022\u003ECurrent and future global climate impacts resulting from COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E. Nat. Clim. Chang. (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200817_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200824_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "111. Food Security COVID-19 Special Issue: Mapping Disruption and Resilience Mechanisms in Food Systems", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "111. Food Security COVID-19 Special Issue: Mapping Disruption and Resilience Mechanisms in Food Systems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On August 4, 2020, Food Security published a special issue with articles focusing the impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on food security, the resilience mechanisms to such crises, the development of resilient food systems, and the policies to be considered. An opinion article by the Editorial Board entitled “Mapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems” provides an overview and comprehensive analysis on how the current global pandemic is impacting food systems, locally and globally and a series of recommendations intended for policy makers and science leaders.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 4, 2020, Food Security published a special issue with articles focusing the impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on food security, the resilience mechanisms to such crises, the development of resilient food systems, and the policies to be considered. An opinion article by the Editorial Board entitled “Mapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems” provides an overview and comprehensive analysis on how the current global pandemic is impacting food systems, locally and globally and a series of recommendations intended for policy makers and science leaders.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 4, 2020, \u003Cem\u003EFood Security \u003C/em\u003Epublished a special issue with articles focusing the impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on food security, the resilience mechanisms to such crises, the development of resilient food systems, and the policies to be considered. An opinion article by the Editorial Board entitled “Mapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems” provides an overview and comprehensive analysis on how the current global pandemic is impacting food systems, locally and globally and a series of recommendations intended for policy makers and science leaders. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESavary, S., Akter, S., Almekinders, C. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01093-0\u0022\u003EMapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems\u003C/a\u003E. Food Sec. 12, 695–717 (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 4, 2020, \u003Cem\u003EFood Security \u003C/em\u003Epublished a special issue with articles focusing the impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on food security, the resilience mechanisms to such crises, the development of resilient food systems, and the policies to be considered. An opinion article by the Editorial Board entitled “Mapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems” provides an overview and comprehensive analysis on how the current global pandemic is impacting food systems, locally and globally and a series of recommendations intended for policy makers and science leaders. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESavary, S., Akter, S., Almekinders, C. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01093-0\u0022\u003EMapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems\u003C/a\u003E. Food Sec. 12, 695–717 (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200818#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "111. Food Security誌 COVID-19特集号：フードシステムの分断と強靭性メカニズムのマッピング", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "111. Food Security COVID-19 Special Issue: Mapping Disruption and Resilience Mechanisms in Food Systems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月4日、Food Security誌は新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の展開に触発された特集号を組み、編集委員会はローカル及びグローバルにフードシステムを分断させ食料安全保障を脅かす危機についての論考「フードシステムの分断と強靭性メカニズムのマッピングMapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems.」を発表しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 4, 2020, Food Security published a special issue with articles focusing the impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on food security, the resilience mechanisms to such crises, the development of resilient food systems, and the policies to be considered. An opinion article by the Editorial Board entitled “Mapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems” provides an overview and comprehensive analysis on how the current global pandemic is impacting food systems, locally and globally and a series of recommendations intended for policy makers and science leaders.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月4日、Food Security誌は\u003Ca href=\u0022http://link.springer.com/journal/12571/12/4\u0022\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19)の展開に触発された特集号\u003C/a\u003Eを組み、編集委員会はローカル及びグローバルにフードシステムを分断させ食料安全保障を脅かす危機についての論考「フードシステムの分断と強靭性メカニズムのマッピングMapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems.」を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現在の世界的なパンデミックは、保健・医療危機にとどまらず、ローカル及びグローバルレベルでフードシステムに影響を与えています。危機がもたらしうる最大の懸念の一つは、農業が依拠する物質・非物質的インフラの破綻が、食料生産供給能力に及ぼしかねない影響です。COVID-19危機は、手付かずであった農業・グローバルフードシステムの抜本的な転換を促す契機となるかもしれません。「飢餓のパンデミック」が懸念されるように、飢餓人口の増加からも、グローバルフードシステムがうまく機能していないことは明らかです。食料は栄養源であるべきなのに、不健康な食生活は今日主要な死因の一つでもあります。世界的なパンデミックにおいて感染症に対する免疫への関心が高まる今日、健康な食生活の重要性はこれまで以上に高まっています。一方で、グローバルフードシステムは、地球システムの持続性の限界値を超えて危険な域に追いやっているというエビデンスも集まっています。過去20年間の食料増大は、科学研究成果を通じた農業生産性上昇を達成したそれ以前の20年間と比較しても、地球の自然環境の破壊を伴うものでした。グローバルフードシステムの環境負荷のフットプリントを早急に削減することにもし失敗すれば、近い将来、フードシステム自身が食料危機をもたらしかねません。本論考は、フードシステム強靭性強化のための短・中・長期的な政策を提言します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESavary, S., Akter, S., Almekinders, C. et al. Mapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems. Food Sec. 12, 695–717 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01093-0\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 4, 2020, \u003Cem\u003EFood Security \u003C/em\u003Epublished a special issue with articles focusing the impacts of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on food security, the resilience mechanisms to such crises, the development of resilient food systems, and the policies to be considered. An opinion article by the Editorial Board entitled “Mapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems” provides an overview and comprehensive analysis on how the current global pandemic is impacting food systems, locally and globally and a series of recommendations intended for policy makers and science leaders. The full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESavary, S., Akter, S., Almekinders, C. et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01093-0\u0022\u003EMapping disruption and resilience mechanisms in food systems\u003C/a\u003E. Food Sec. 12, 695–717 (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200818_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200824_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-19", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "112. Food Security: Enabling Trade Across Borders and Food Security in Africa", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "112. Food Security: Enabling Trade Across Borders and Food Security in Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On August 14, 2020, Food Security published a paper \u0022Enabling trade across borders and food security in Africa.\u0022 While progress has been made worldwide in efforts to eliminate hunger over the past three decades, Africa still faces food security challenges. This paper attempts to analyze whether the elimination of trade barriers through reductions in documents, time and costs to export and import paperwork will improve food security in Africa. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 14, 2020, Food Security published a paper \u0022Enabling trade across borders and food security in Africa.\u0022 While progress has been made worldwide in efforts to eliminate hunger over the past three decades, Africa still faces food security challenges. This paper attempts to analyze whether the elimination of trade barriers through reductions in documents, time and costs to export and import paperwork will improve food security in Africa. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 14, 2020, \u003Cem\u003EFood Security\u003C/em\u003E published a paper \u0022Enabling trade across borders and food security in Africa.\u0022 While progress has been made worldwide in efforts to eliminate hunger over the past three decades, Africa still faces food security challenges. This paper attempts to analyze whether the elimination of trade barriers\u0026nbsp;through reductions in documents, time and costs to export and import\u0026nbsp;paperwork will improve food security in Africa.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EModel estimates using data from 45 countries over the 2006-2015 period show that greater inefficiency in document work and longer import/export hamper improved food availability and access. This suggests that reforming trade operations through elimination of paperwork and delays in operations at customs is one of the effective policies for improving food security in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBonuedi, I., Kamasa, K. \u0026amp; Opoku, E.E.O. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01095-y\u0022\u003EEnabling trade across borders and food security in Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Food Sec. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01095-y\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 14, 2020, \u003Cem\u003EFood Security\u003C/em\u003E published a paper \u0022Enabling trade across borders and food security in Africa.\u0022 While progress has been made worldwide in efforts to eliminate hunger over the past three decades, Africa still faces food security challenges. This paper attempts to analyze whether the elimination of trade barriers\u0026nbsp;through reductions in documents, time and costs to export and import\u0026nbsp;paperwork will improve food security in Africa.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EModel estimates using data from 45 countries over the 2006-2015 period show that greater inefficiency in document work and longer import/export hamper improved food availability and access. This suggests that reforming trade operations through elimination of paperwork and delays in operations at customs is one of the effective policies for improving food security in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBonuedi, I., Kamasa, K. \u0026amp; Opoku, E.E.O. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01095-y\u0022\u003EEnabling trade across borders and food security in Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Food Sec. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01095-y\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200819#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-19", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "112. Food Security: アフリカにおける貿易と食料安全保障の有効化", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "112. Food Security: Enabling Trade Across Borders and Food Security in Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月14日、Food Security誌にて、論文「アフリカにおける貿易と食料安全保障の有効化」が公表されました。本論文は、輸出入にかかわる書類作業にかかる時間や費用の削減を通じた貿易障壁の解消が、アフリカにおける食料安全保障の向上につながるとの分析を行っています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 14, 2020, Food Security published a paper \u0022Enabling trade across borders and food security in Africa.\u0022 While progress has been made worldwide in efforts to eliminate hunger over the past three decades, Africa still faces food security challenges. This paper attempts to analyze whether the elimination of trade barriers through reductions in documents, time and costs to export and import paperwork will improve food security in Africa. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月14日、Food Security誌にて、論文「アフリカにおける貿易と食料安全保障の有効化Enabling trade across borders and food security in Africa. 」が公表されました。過去30年間、世界的に飢餓解消の努力で進歩がみられるのに対し、アフリカでは未だに食料安全保障の課題があります。本論文は、輸出入にかかわる書類作業にかかる時間や費用の削減を通じた貿易障壁の解消が、アフリカにおける食料安全保障の向上につながるかどうかについて分析を試みています。2006-2015年の期間について45か国のデータを用いたモデル推計の結果、とりわけ書類作業にかかる非効率性が大きく、輸出入にかかる時間が長いほど、食料アベイラビリティとアクセスの改善を阻んでいることを示しました。これは税関における書類作業や業務の遅延の解消を通じた貿易業務改革が、アフリカの食料安全保障を向上する効果的な政策の一つであることを示唆しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBonuedi, I., Kamasa, K. \u0026amp; Opoku, E.E.O. Enabling trade across borders and food security in Africa. Food Sec. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01095-y\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 14, 2020, \u003Cem\u003EFood Security\u003C/em\u003E published a paper \u0022Enabling trade across borders and food security in Africa.\u0022 While progress has been made worldwide in efforts to eliminate hunger over the past three decades, Africa still faces food security challenges. This paper attempts to analyze whether the elimination of trade barriers\u0026nbsp;through reductions in documents, time and costs to export and import\u0026nbsp;paperwork will improve food security in Africa.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EModel estimates using data from 45 countries over the 2006-2015 period show that greater inefficiency in document work and longer import/export hamper improved food availability and access. This suggests that reforming trade operations through elimination of paperwork and delays in operations at customs is one of the effective policies for improving food security in Africa.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBonuedi, I., Kamasa, K. \u0026amp; Opoku, E.E.O. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01095-y\u0022\u003EEnabling trade across borders and food security in Africa\u003C/a\u003E. Food Sec. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01095-y\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200819_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200824#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "113. World Bank: Food Security and COVID-19", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "113. World Bank: Food Security and COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Bank has released a brief providing information and updates on the ever-changing agriculture and food situation, links to World Bank and other resources, and call for collective action to keep food trade flowing between countries. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Bank has released a brief providing information and updates on the ever-changing agriculture and food situation, links to World Bank and other resources, and call for collective action to keep food trade flowing between countries. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Bank has released a brief\u0026nbsp;providing information and updates on the ever-changingagriculture and food situation,\u0026nbsp;links to\u0026nbsp;World Bank and\u0026nbsp;other resources, and call for collective action\u0026nbsp;to keep food trade flowing between countries.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the brief,\u0026nbsp;many countries and organizations are working hard to ensure that despite movement restrictions and income losses, agriculture is running safely as an essential business, sufficient and nutritious food supply is available in the market, and that consumers can access and purchase food. people access to food by people. The World Bank has also joined other organizations in calling for collective action to keep food trade flowing between countries. The full brief is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/agriculture/brief/food-security-and-covid-19\u0022\u003EFood Security and COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E BRIEF August 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Bank has released a brief\u0026nbsp;providing information and updates on the ever-changingagriculture and food situation,\u0026nbsp;links to\u0026nbsp;World Bank and\u0026nbsp;other resources, and call for collective action\u0026nbsp;to keep food trade flowing between countries.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the brief,\u0026nbsp;many countries and organizations are working hard to ensure that despite movement restrictions and income losses, agriculture is running safely as an essential business, sufficient and nutritious food supply is available in the market, and that consumers can access and purchase food. people access to food by people. The World Bank has also joined other organizations in calling for collective action to keep food trade flowing between countries. The full brief is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/agriculture/brief/food-security-and-covid-19\u0022\u003EFood Security and COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E BRIEF August 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200820#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "113. 世界銀行：食料安全保障と新型コロナウイルス感染症", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "113. World Bank: Food Security and COVID-19", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックのもとで、移動規制や所得機会の損失によっても、農業ビジネス・市場での十分な食料供給・人々による十分な食料入手手段が滞ることがないよう、各国や国際機関は努力を行っています。世界銀行は、刻々と変わる農業・食料事情について、世界銀行やパートナーによる情報を更新・提供しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Bank has released a brief providing information and updates on the ever-changing agriculture and food situation, links to World Bank and other resources, and call for collective action to keep food trade flowing between countries. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックのもとで、移動規制や所得機会の損失によっても、農業ビジネス・市場での十分な食料供給・人々による十分な食料入手手段が滞ることがないよう、各国や国際機関は努力を行っています。世界銀行は、刻々と変わる農業・食料事情について、世界銀行やパートナーによる\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/agriculture/brief/food-security-and-covid-19\u0022\u003E情報を更新・提供\u003C/a\u003Eしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれまでのところ食料貿易は貿易全体の中でも強靭性を示し、世界農業市場は安定性を保持しています。世界でも最も消費される主食作物（コメ、小麦、メイズ）の生産は史上最高水準にあります。しかし、農村所得源である商品作物の中には、世界需要の消失により価格低迷に直面しているものもあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eコロナウイルス感染拡大につれ、国内食料サプライチェーンが分断され、食料生産へのショックや所得・送金の喪失が食料安全保障上の緊張をもたらしています。世界食料価格が比較的安定して推移しているのに対し、COVID-19対応策に起因する食料価格インフレーションに直面している国々もあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eさらに、需要の制約や消費パターンのシフトにより、食料生産者は栄養に富む生鮮食品において莫大なロスを被っています。食料安全保障の危機は食料不足から生じているのではなく、化学肥料や種子・労働不足などの投入財供給の寸断によって、来期以降の収穫に影響を与えることが問題です。農民が飢えに直面し、作付用の種子を確保するよりも当面の食料を優先する場合、食料不足の懸念が後日に持ち越されることになります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, Food Security and COVID-19 BRIEF August 7, 2020. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/agriculture/brief/food-security-and-covid-19\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Bank has released a brief\u0026nbsp;providing information and updates on the ever-changingagriculture and food situation,\u0026nbsp;links to\u0026nbsp;World Bank and\u0026nbsp;other resources, and call for collective action\u0026nbsp;to keep food trade flowing between countries.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the brief,\u0026nbsp;many countries and organizations are working hard to ensure that despite movement restrictions and income losses, agriculture is running safely as an essential business, sufficient and nutritious food supply is available in the market, and that consumers can access and purchase food. people access to food by people. The World Bank has also joined other organizations in calling for collective action to keep food trade flowing between countries. The full brief is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/agriculture/brief/food-security-and-covid-19\u0022\u003EFood Security and COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E BRIEF August 7, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200820_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200825#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "114. JIRCAS-FFTC International Workshop: Applicable Solutions Against Rice Blast in Asia", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "114. JIRCAS-FFTC International Workshop: Applicable Solutions Against Rice Blast in Asia", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "An international workshop entitled “Applicable Solutions Against Rice Blast in Asia” will be jointly organized by JIRCAS and the Food and Fertilizer Technology Center (FFTC) as online conference at 10:00-17:30 (Japan time) on September 18, 2020.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "An international workshop entitled “Applicable Solutions Against Rice Blast in Asia” will be jointly organized by JIRCAS and the Food and Fertilizer Technology Center (FFTC) as online conference at 10:00-17:30 (Japan time) on September 18, 2020.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAn\u0026nbsp;international workshop entitled\u0026nbsp;“Applicable Solutions Against Rice Blast in Asia”\u0026nbsp;will be jointly organized by JIRCAS and the\u0026nbsp;Food and Fertilizer Technology Center\u0026nbsp;(FFTC)\u0026nbsp;as online conference at 10:00-17:30 (Japan time) on September 18, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERice blast\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;estimated to cause damage equivalent to US$ 2 billion\u0026nbsp;or\u0026nbsp;1% of\u0026nbsp;annual\u0026nbsp;rice production,\u0026nbsp;and for many years,\u0026nbsp;many studies have been conducted\u0026nbsp;in controlling the disease.\u0026nbsp;Although\u0026nbsp;the mechanism of pathogenicity of blast race and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;development of\u0026nbsp;resistance among rice\u0026nbsp;varieties have\u0026nbsp;been clarified\u0026nbsp;recently\u0026nbsp;by molecular biology\u0026nbsp;approaches,\u0026nbsp;these studies are\u0026nbsp;not necessarily connected to control technologies on-site, and\u0026nbsp;more time is required before\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;results can be applied in the field.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETherefore,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;has been\u0026nbsp;collaborating\u0026nbsp;with researchers in developing regions in Asia and Africa\u0026nbsp;since 2016, and has established the ‘Blast Research Network for Stable Rice Production’\u0026nbsp;to develop and distribute a differential\u0026nbsp;system\u0026nbsp;that facilitates the identification of resistance in varieties and pathogenicity of blast isolates, which\u0026nbsp;could provide\u0026nbsp;the basis\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;pathology and breeding research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESo far, the research network has been pursuing the\u0026nbsp;(1) development of\u0026nbsp;a standard\u0026nbsp;differential\u0026nbsp;system, (2)\u0026nbsp;identification of\u0026nbsp;global mutation\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;blast\u0026nbsp;races, (3) elucidation of\u0026nbsp;mutations associated with blast\u0026nbsp;resistance\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;rice germplasm, (4) development of differential varieties, (5) genetic improvement of varieties using differential\u0026nbsp;system\u0026nbsp;and novel\u0026nbsp;resistance genes.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn this workshop, we would like to discuss the future\u0026nbsp;directions\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;development\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;stable control technology\u0026nbsp;using\u0026nbsp;these\u0026nbsp;information, methods, and materials\u0026nbsp;in order\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;address the needs of\u0026nbsp;farmers\u0026nbsp;on-site\u0026nbsp;and researchers\u0026nbsp;tackling the\u0026nbsp;disease.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/workshop/2020/e20200918\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E. The workshop is open to all upon pre-registration. Please register \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/jircas-fftc\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E by September 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: FUKUTA Yoshimichi (TARC)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAn\u0026nbsp;international workshop entitled\u0026nbsp;“Applicable Solutions Against Rice Blast in Asia”\u0026nbsp;will be jointly organized by JIRCAS and the\u0026nbsp;Food and Fertilizer Technology Center\u0026nbsp;(FFTC)\u0026nbsp;as online conference at 10:00-17:30 (Japan time) on September 18, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERice blast\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;estimated to cause damage equivalent to US$ 2 billion\u0026nbsp;or\u0026nbsp;1% of\u0026nbsp;annual\u0026nbsp;rice production,\u0026nbsp;and for many years,\u0026nbsp;many studies have been conducted\u0026nbsp;in controlling the disease.\u0026nbsp;Although\u0026nbsp;the mechanism of pathogenicity of blast race and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;development of\u0026nbsp;resistance among rice\u0026nbsp;varieties have\u0026nbsp;been clarified\u0026nbsp;recently\u0026nbsp;by molecular biology\u0026nbsp;approaches,\u0026nbsp;these studies are\u0026nbsp;not necessarily connected to control technologies on-site, and\u0026nbsp;more time is required before\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;results can be applied in the field.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETherefore,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;has been\u0026nbsp;collaborating\u0026nbsp;with researchers in developing regions in Asia and Africa\u0026nbsp;since 2016, and has established the ‘Blast Research Network for Stable Rice Production’\u0026nbsp;to develop and distribute a differential\u0026nbsp;system\u0026nbsp;that facilitates the identification of resistance in varieties and pathogenicity of blast isolates, which\u0026nbsp;could provide\u0026nbsp;the basis\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;pathology and breeding research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESo far, the research network has been pursuing the\u0026nbsp;(1) development of\u0026nbsp;a standard\u0026nbsp;differential\u0026nbsp;system, (2)\u0026nbsp;identification of\u0026nbsp;global mutation\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;blast\u0026nbsp;races, (3) elucidation of\u0026nbsp;mutations associated with blast\u0026nbsp;resistance\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;rice germplasm, (4) development of differential varieties, (5) genetic improvement of varieties using differential\u0026nbsp;system\u0026nbsp;and novel\u0026nbsp;resistance genes.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn this workshop, we would like to discuss the future\u0026nbsp;directions\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;development\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;stable control technology\u0026nbsp;using\u0026nbsp;these\u0026nbsp;information, methods, and materials\u0026nbsp;in order\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;address the needs of\u0026nbsp;farmers\u0026nbsp;on-site\u0026nbsp;and researchers\u0026nbsp;tackling the\u0026nbsp;disease.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/workshop/2020/e20200918\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E. The workshop is open to all upon pre-registration. Please register \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/jircas-fftc\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E by September 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: FUKUTA Yoshimichi (TARC)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200821#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "114. JIRCAS-FFTC国際イネいもち病ワークショップの開催", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "114. JIRCAS-FFTC International Workshop: Applicable Solutions Against Rice Blast in Asia", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月18日、日本時間の10：00-17：30にかけて、JIRCAS-FFTC国際イネいもち病ワークショップと題する国際ワークショップをweb会議で開催します。このワークショップは国際農林水産業研究センター（国際農研：JIRCAS）と台湾にあるアジア太平洋食糧肥料技術センター(FFTC)の共同主催で行われます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "An international workshop entitled “Applicable Solutions Against Rice Blast in Asia” will be jointly organized by JIRCAS and the Food and Fertilizer Technology Center (FFTC) as online conference at 10:00-17:30 (Japan time) on September 18, 2020.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月18日、日本時間の10：00-17：30にかけて、JIRCAS-FFTC国際イネいもち病ワークショップと題する国際ワークショップをweb会議で開催します。このワークショップは国際農林水産業研究センター（国際農研：JIRCAS）と台湾にあるアジア太平洋食糧肥料技術センター(FFTC)の共同主催で行われます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eイネのいもち病は、毎年イネ栽培面積の1％に影響をあたえ、その被害額は毎年20億米ドルにも及ぶと推定されており、長年多くの研究が行われてきました。最近では分子生物学的アプローチによりいもち病菌レースの病原性やイネ品種の抵抗性発現のメカニズムも明らかになってきていますが、必ずしも現場の防除技術とつながったものでなく、その成果の応用にはさらに多くの時間が必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eそこで国際農研は、2016年よりアジア、アフリカの開発途上地域の研究者とともに、病理学や育種学研究の基本となる判別システムの開発普及を図る研究プロジェクト「イネの安定生産のためのいもち病研究ネットワーク：Blast Research Network for Stable Rice Production」を発足させました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの間、（１）判別システムの開発、（2）いもち病菌レースの世界的変異、（3）イネ遺伝資源の抵抗性変異の解明、（4）判別品種群の開発、（5）判別システムと新規抵抗性遺伝子を用いた品種の遺伝的改良、等を進めてきました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本ワークショップでは、これら情報、手法、材料を用いて農家現場や病害に直面する研究者に対応し、安定的な防除技術開発の方向性について議論を進めたいと考えています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E詳細については、国際農研ホームページ（https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/workshop/2020/e20200918）、参加申し込みについては(2020年9月11日締め切り)以下のサイト（\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/jircas-fftc\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/jircas-fftc\u003C/a\u003E)を参照してください。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：熱帯・島嶼研究拠点　福田善通）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EAn\u0026nbsp;international workshop entitled\u0026nbsp;“Applicable Solutions Against Rice Blast in Asia”\u0026nbsp;will be jointly organized by JIRCAS and the\u0026nbsp;Food and Fertilizer Technology Center\u0026nbsp;(FFTC)\u0026nbsp;as online conference at 10:00-17:30 (Japan time) on September 18, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERice blast\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;estimated to cause damage equivalent to US$ 2 billion\u0026nbsp;or\u0026nbsp;1% of\u0026nbsp;annual\u0026nbsp;rice production,\u0026nbsp;and for many years,\u0026nbsp;many studies have been conducted\u0026nbsp;in controlling the disease.\u0026nbsp;Although\u0026nbsp;the mechanism of pathogenicity of blast race and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;development of\u0026nbsp;resistance among rice\u0026nbsp;varieties have\u0026nbsp;been clarified\u0026nbsp;recently\u0026nbsp;by molecular biology\u0026nbsp;approaches,\u0026nbsp;these studies are\u0026nbsp;not necessarily connected to control technologies on-site, and\u0026nbsp;more time is required before\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;results can be applied in the field.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETherefore,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;has been\u0026nbsp;collaborating\u0026nbsp;with researchers in developing regions in Asia and Africa\u0026nbsp;since 2016, and has established the ‘Blast Research Network for Stable Rice Production’\u0026nbsp;to develop and distribute a differential\u0026nbsp;system\u0026nbsp;that facilitates the identification of resistance in varieties and pathogenicity of blast isolates, which\u0026nbsp;could provide\u0026nbsp;the basis\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;pathology and breeding research.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESo far, the research network has been pursuing the\u0026nbsp;(1) development of\u0026nbsp;a standard\u0026nbsp;differential\u0026nbsp;system, (2)\u0026nbsp;identification of\u0026nbsp;global mutation\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;blast\u0026nbsp;races, (3) elucidation of\u0026nbsp;mutations associated with blast\u0026nbsp;resistance\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;rice germplasm, (4) development of differential varieties, (5) genetic improvement of varieties using differential\u0026nbsp;system\u0026nbsp;and novel\u0026nbsp;resistance genes.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn this workshop, we would like to discuss the future\u0026nbsp;directions\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;development\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;stable control technology\u0026nbsp;using\u0026nbsp;these\u0026nbsp;information, methods, and materials\u0026nbsp;in order\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;address the needs of\u0026nbsp;farmers\u0026nbsp;on-site\u0026nbsp;and researchers\u0026nbsp;tackling the\u0026nbsp;disease.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/workshop/2020/e20200918\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E. The workshop is open to all upon pre-registration. Please register \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/jircas-fftc\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E by September 11, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: FUKUTA Yoshimichi (TARC)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200821_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200826_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "115. Biofuture Platform: Five Principles for Post-COVID Bioeconomy Recovery and Acceleration", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "115. Biofuture Platform: Five Principles for Post-COVID Bioeconomy Recovery and Acceleration", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On August 12, 2020, the Biofuture Platform, an international initiative with 20 member states aimed at promoting the bioeconomy, in collaboration with the International Energy Agency (IEA), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP), launched the five principles that governments should adopt as post-COVID-19 economic recovery measures. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 12, 2020, the Biofuture Platform, an international initiative with 20 member states aimed at promoting the bioeconomy, in collaboration with the International Energy Agency (IEA), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP), launched the five principles that governments should adopt as post-COVID-19 economic recovery measures. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 12, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the Biofuture Platform,\u0026nbsp;an international initiative\u0026nbsp;with 20 member states\u0026nbsp;aimed at promoting\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;bioeconomy,\u0026nbsp;in collaboration with the\u0026nbsp;International Energy Agency (IEA),\u0026nbsp;International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP),\u0026nbsp;launched the\u0026nbsp;five principles that governments should adopt as post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;economic recovery measures.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe five\u0026nbsp;principles\u0026nbsp;for post-COVID\u0026nbsp;bioeconomy recovery and acceleration\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1) Do not backtrack\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2) Consider short-term COVID support for producers\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3) Reassess fossil fuel subsidies\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4) Build Back Better with Bio\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5) Reward sustainability\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the link below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.biofutureplatform.org/post/biofuture-platform-launches-five-principles-for-post-covid-bioeconomy-recovery-and-acceleration\u0022\u003EBiofuture Platform launches Five Principles for Post-COVID Bioeconomy Recovery and Acceleration\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;Biofuture Platform Aug 12.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 12, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the Biofuture Platform,\u0026nbsp;an international initiative\u0026nbsp;with 20 member states\u0026nbsp;aimed at promoting\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;bioeconomy,\u0026nbsp;in collaboration with the\u0026nbsp;International Energy Agency (IEA),\u0026nbsp;International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP),\u0026nbsp;launched the\u0026nbsp;five principles that governments should adopt as post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;economic recovery measures.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe five\u0026nbsp;principles\u0026nbsp;for post-COVID\u0026nbsp;bioeconomy recovery and acceleration\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1) Do not backtrack\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2) Consider short-term COVID support for producers\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3) Reassess fossil fuel subsidies\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4) Build Back Better with Bio\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5) Reward sustainability\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the link below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.biofutureplatform.org/post/biofuture-platform-launches-five-principles-for-post-covid-bioeconomy-recovery-and-acceleration\u0022\u003EBiofuture Platform launches Five Principles for Post-COVID Bioeconomy Recovery and Acceleration\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;Biofuture Platform Aug 12.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200824#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "115. Biofuture Platform: ポスト・コロナの経済復興策として各国政府が取り入れるべき５つの原則", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "115. Biofuture Platform: Five Principles for Post-COVID Bioeconomy Recovery and Acceleration", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月12日、世界20か国が参加するバイオエコノミーの推進を目的とする国際イニシアチブBiofuture Platformは、国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）、グローバル・バイオエネルギー・パートナーシップ（GBEP）と共同で策定した、ポスト・コロナの経済復興策として各国政府が取り入れるべき５つの原則を発表しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 12, 2020, the Biofuture Platform, an international initiative with 20 member states aimed at promoting the bioeconomy, in collaboration with the International Energy Agency (IEA), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP), launched the five principles that governments should adopt as post-COVID-19 economic recovery measures. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eエネルギー産業の中でも最も労働集約的で世界的に300万人を雇用しているバイオエネルギー部門は、エネルギー・セクターの脱炭素化において重要な役割を担うことが期待されています。しかし、バイオエネルギー部門は、COVID危機で最も影響を受けた分野の一つでもあります。例えば、危機前に成長が予想されていた輸送用バイオ燃料生産は、2020年に13％落ち込むことが見込まれ、過去20年間はじめての生産減が予想されています。他方で、バイオ燃料はエネルギー・セクターの中でも、最も効果的に雇用創出ができる部門の一つと期待されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月12日、世界20か国が参加するバイオエコノミーの推進を目的とする国際イニシアチブBiofuture Platformは、国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）、グローバル・バイオエネルギー・パートナーシップ（GBEP）と共同で策定した、ポスト・コロナの経済復興策として各国政府が取り入れるべき５つの原則を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E１．同じ道を引き返さない（Do not backtrack）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E２．生産者に対する短期的つなぎサポート（Consider short-term COVID support for producers）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E３．化石燃料補助金の見直し（Reassess fossil fuel subsidies）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E４．より良い再建（Build Back Better with Bio）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E５．持続可能な取組への応援（Reward sustainability）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、バイオエネルギーに関する技術開発協力の推進及び情報共有を図ることを目的として、国際再生可能エネルギー機関・革新的技術センター（IRENA/IITC、ドイツ）と共同し、情報収集・分析・提供活動を行っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBiofuture Platform launches Five Principles for Post-COVID Bioeconomy Recovery and Acceleration \u0026nbsp;Biofuture Platform Aug 12. http://www.biofutureplatform.org/post/biofuture-platform-launches-five-principles-for-post-covid-bioeconomy-recovery-and-acceleration\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　増山寿政）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 12, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the Biofuture Platform,\u0026nbsp;an international initiative\u0026nbsp;with 20 member states\u0026nbsp;aimed at promoting\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;bioeconomy,\u0026nbsp;in collaboration with the\u0026nbsp;International Energy Agency (IEA),\u0026nbsp;International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP),\u0026nbsp;launched the\u0026nbsp;five principles that governments should adopt as post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;economic recovery measures.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe five\u0026nbsp;principles\u0026nbsp;for post-COVID\u0026nbsp;bioeconomy recovery and acceleration\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1) Do not backtrack\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2) Consider short-term COVID support for producers\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3) Reassess fossil fuel subsidies\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4) Build Back Better with Bio\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E5) Reward sustainability\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the link below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.biofutureplatform.org/post/biofuture-platform-launches-five-principles-for-post-covid-bioeconomy-recovery-and-acceleration\u0022\u003EBiofuture Platform launches Five Principles for Post-COVID Bioeconomy Recovery and Acceleration\u003C/a\u003E \u0026nbsp;Biofuture Platform Aug 12.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200824_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200826_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "116. Earth Overshoot Day 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "116. Earth Overshoot Day 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Earth Overshoot Day is defined as the day when humanity’s demand for ecological resources and services in a given year exceeds the Earth\u0027s renewable supply capacity. This year, the Earth Overshoot Day for 2020 was moved to the 22nd of August, three weeks later than 2019, as a direct consequence of COVID-19 pandemic and reduction of humanity’s ecological footprint. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Earth Overshoot Day is defined as the day when humanity’s demand for ecological resources and services in a given year exceeds the Earth\u0027s renewable supply capacity. This year, the Earth Overshoot Day for 2020 was moved to the 22nd of August, three weeks later than 2019, as a direct consequence of COVID-19 pandemic and reduction of humanity’s ecological footprint. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Earth Overshoot Day is defined as the day when humanity’s demand for ecological\u0026nbsp;resources and services in a given year exceeds the Earth\u0027s renewable supply capacity. This year, the\u0026nbsp;Earth Overshoot Day for 2020 was\u0026nbsp;moved to the\u0026nbsp;22nd\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;August, three weeks later than 2019, as a direct consequence of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 pandemic and\u0026nbsp;reduction of\u0026nbsp;humanity’s ecological footprint.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, although the global food system\u0026nbsp;has been\u0026nbsp;disrupted,\u0026nbsp;accompanied by increasing\u0026nbsp;food\u0026nbsp;waste\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;malnutrition, food footprint\u0026nbsp;was assumed to have been unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available from the links below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Footprint Network. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.footprintnetwork.org\u0022\u003EEarth Overshoot Day Fell on August 22\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Footprint Network Press Release on June 5, 2020. E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.footprintnetwork.org/2020/06/05/press-release-june-2020-earth-overshoot-day/\u0022\u003Earth Overshoot Day is August 22, more than three weeks later than last year.\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.overshootday.org\u0022\u003EEarth Overshoot Day Wesite\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Earth Overshoot Day is defined as the day when humanity’s demand for ecological\u0026nbsp;resources and services in a given year exceeds the Earth\u0027s renewable supply capacity. This year, the\u0026nbsp;Earth Overshoot Day for 2020 was\u0026nbsp;moved to the\u0026nbsp;22nd\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;August, three weeks later than 2019, as a direct consequence of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 pandemic and\u0026nbsp;reduction of\u0026nbsp;humanity’s ecological footprint.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, although the global food system\u0026nbsp;has been\u0026nbsp;disrupted,\u0026nbsp;accompanied by increasing\u0026nbsp;food\u0026nbsp;waste\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;malnutrition, food footprint\u0026nbsp;was assumed to have been unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available from the links below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Footprint Network. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.footprintnetwork.org\u0022\u003EEarth Overshoot Day Fell on August 22\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Footprint Network Press Release on June 5, 2020. E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.footprintnetwork.org/2020/06/05/press-release-june-2020-earth-overshoot-day/\u0022\u003Earth Overshoot Day is August 22, more than three weeks later than last year.\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.overshootday.org\u0022\u003EEarth Overshoot Day Wesite\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200825#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "116. 2020年アース・オーバーシュート・デイ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "116. Earth Overshoot Day 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アース・オーバーシュート・デイ(Earth Overshoot Day)とは、特定の年において人類の生態系資源やサービスに対する需要が地球による再生供給能力を超えてしまう日として定義されます。2020年のアース・オーバーシュート・デイは、コロナウイルス感染症・パンデミックのカーボン・フットプリント減少等の影響を考慮して、2019年よりも3週間ほど遅い8月22日と決定されました。一方、パンデミックによりグローバル・フードシステムが寸断されたものの、フードロスや貧困層の栄養問題の悪化を伴ったことから、フード・フットプリントについては減少なしと想定しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Earth Overshoot Day is defined as the day when humanity’s demand for ecological resources and services in a given year exceeds the Earth\u0027s renewable supply capacity. This year, the Earth Overshoot Day for 2020 was moved to the 22nd of August, three weeks later than 2019, as a direct consequence of COVID-19 pandemic and reduction of humanity’s ecological footprint. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアース・オーバーシュート・デイ(Earth Overshoot Day)とは、特定の年において人類の生態系資源やサービスに対する需要が地球による再生供給能力を超えてしまう日として定義されます。アース・オーバーシュート・デイは、非営利の国際シンクタンクであるグローバル・フットプリント・ネットワーク(Global Footprint Network)によって企画・報告されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人類は現在、地球が再生可能な資源を60％超えて、言い換えれば、地球1.6個分の資源を搾取しているといえます。1970年初頭以来、生態系への需要が供給を上回り続ける状況が続いています。毎年アース・オーバーシュート・デイを決定するにあたり、地球が毎年生み出すことのできる生態系資源である環境収容力(biocapacity)が人間の生態系に対する需要を満たす日数を計算し、残りの日は需要が供給を上回る＜オバーシュート＞としてみなされます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年のアース・オーバーシュート・デイは、コロナウイルス感染症・パンデミックの影響を考慮して、2019年よりも3週間ほど遅い8月22日と決定されました。今年は、カーボン・フットプリントが2019年より14.5%、森林産物フットプリントが2019年から8.4%減少した結果、昨年よりも生態系フットプリントが9.3%減少したとしました。一方、パンデミックはグローバル・フードシステムの寸断をもたらしたものの、フードロスや貧困層の栄養問題を悪化させたことから、フード・フットプリントについては減少なしと想定しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Footprint Network. https://www.footprintnetwork.org/ https://www.footprintnetwork.org/2020/06/05/press-release-june-2020-earth-overshoot-day/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EEarth Overshoot Day https://www.overshootday.org/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Earth Overshoot Day is defined as the day when humanity’s demand for ecological\u0026nbsp;resources and services in a given year exceeds the Earth\u0027s renewable supply capacity. This year, the\u0026nbsp;Earth Overshoot Day for 2020 was\u0026nbsp;moved to the\u0026nbsp;22nd\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;August, three weeks later than 2019, as a direct consequence of\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 pandemic and\u0026nbsp;reduction of\u0026nbsp;humanity’s ecological footprint.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn the other hand, although the global food system\u0026nbsp;has been\u0026nbsp;disrupted,\u0026nbsp;accompanied by increasing\u0026nbsp;food\u0026nbsp;waste\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;malnutrition, food footprint\u0026nbsp;was assumed to have been unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available from the links below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Footprint Network. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.footprintnetwork.org\u0022\u003EEarth Overshoot Day Fell on August 22\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Footprint Network Press Release on June 5, 2020. E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.footprintnetwork.org/2020/06/05/press-release-june-2020-earth-overshoot-day/\u0022\u003Earth Overshoot Day is August 22, more than three weeks later than last year.\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.overshootday.org\u0022\u003EEarth Overshoot Day Wesite\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200825_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200826#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "117. Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "117. Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an international indicator of multidimensional poverty that covers more than 100 developing countries, and complements traditional monetary poverty measures by capturing the rapid deterioration of health, education and living standards. The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020 is jointly published by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an international indicator of multidimensional poverty that covers more than 100 developing countries, and complements traditional monetary poverty measures by capturing the rapid deterioration of health, education and living standards. The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020 is jointly published by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an international indicator of multidimensional poverty that covers more than 100 developing countries, and complements traditional monetary poverty measures\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;capturing\u0026nbsp;the rapid deterioration of health, education and living standards.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020\u0026nbsp;is jointly published by\u0026nbsp;the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI)\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;United Nations Development Program (UNDP). The global MPI 2020\u0026nbsp;compares\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;poverty\u0026nbsp;level\u0026nbsp;for 107 countries in developing regions\u0026nbsp;corresponding\u0026nbsp;to 5.9 billion people\u0026nbsp;or\u0026nbsp;three quarters of the world’s population, and identified\u0026nbsp;1.3 billion people (22%) as multidimensionally poor.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor key findings of the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020, please refer to the link below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ophi.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/G-MPI_Report_2020_Charting_Pathways.pdf\u0022\u003EGlobal Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020 – Charting Pathways out of Multidimensional Poverty: Achieving the SDGs\u0026nbsp;presents the major findings of the global MPI 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an international indicator of multidimensional poverty that covers more than 100 developing countries, and complements traditional monetary poverty measures\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;capturing\u0026nbsp;the rapid deterioration of health, education and living standards.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020\u0026nbsp;is jointly published by\u0026nbsp;the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI)\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;United Nations Development Program (UNDP). The global MPI 2020\u0026nbsp;compares\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;poverty\u0026nbsp;level\u0026nbsp;for 107 countries in developing regions\u0026nbsp;corresponding\u0026nbsp;to 5.9 billion people\u0026nbsp;or\u0026nbsp;three quarters of the world’s population, and identified\u0026nbsp;1.3 billion people (22%) as multidimensionally poor.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor key findings of the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020, please refer to the link below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ophi.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/G-MPI_Report_2020_Charting_Pathways.pdf\u0022\u003EGlobal Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020 – Charting Pathways out of Multidimensional Poverty: Achieving the SDGs\u0026nbsp;presents the major findings of the global MPI 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200826#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "117. グローバル多次元貧困指標 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "117. Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "グローバル多次元貧困指標(the global Multidimensional Poverty Index: MPI)は、100以上の開発途上国をカバーする多次元貧困を測る国際的な指標であり、保健・教育・生活水準の急激な悪化を捉えることで、従来の貨幣ベースによる貧困指標を補完することを目指しています。オックスフォード貧困・人間開発イニシアチブ(OPHI)と国連開発計画(UNDP)は、共同で「グローバル多次元貧困指標2020年」を発表しました。　", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an international indicator of multidimensional poverty that covers more than 100 developing countries, and complements traditional monetary poverty measures by capturing the rapid deterioration of health, education and living standards. The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020 is jointly published by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eグローバル多次元貧困指標(the global Multidimensional Poverty Index: MPI)は、100以上の開発途上国をカバーする多次元貧困を測る国際的な指標であり、保健・教育・生活水準の急激な悪化を捉えることで、従来の貨幣ベースによる貧困指標を補完することを目指しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eオックスフォード貧困・人間開発イニシアチブ(Oxford Poverty \u0026amp; Human Development Initiative: OPHI)と国連開発計画(UNDP)は、共同で「グローバル多次元貧困指標2020年 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020 – Charting Pathways out of Multidimensional Poverty: Achieving the SDGs」を発表しました。主なメッセージは以下の通りです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾107途上国の59億人中、22%の13億人が多次元貧困のもとで暮らしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾そのうちの半分(6.44億人)が18歳以下の子供であり、大人が6人に一人当たりであるのに対し、子供の貧困は3人に一人の割合になっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾多次元貧困を被る人々の84％がサブサハラアフリカ(5.58億人)と南アジア(5.3億人)に暮らしています。多元貧困を被る人々の3分の2が中所得国に暮らしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾59億人のうち71％が少なくとも一つの側面で剥奪を経験しています。剥奪の側面の平均数は5つです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾多次元貧困層のうち1.07億人が60歳以上です。　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾過去20年間、貧困トレンドの研究対象となった75か国の96%に相当する65か国がMPIの削減を達成しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾MPIが絶対値で最速に下落したのは、シエラレオネ、モーリタニア、リベリアであり、そのあとに東チモール、ギニア、ルワンダが続きます。シエラレオネはエボラ感染症(2013-2017)にもかかわらずこれを達成しました。最速で相対的なMPI改善を達成したのは、北マケドニアであり、中国、アルメニア、カザフスタン、インドネシア、トルクメニスタン、モンゴルが続きます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾MPIを半減させた国々は4か国あります。インドでは国レベル・子供を対象として達成し、とくに多次元貧困層人口を大きく削減しました(2.7億人)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾対象国の3分の1近くで、子供の多次元貧困改善が見られなかった、あるいは大人に比べ子供の改善が遅かったと報告されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾COVID-19前には、現状のトレンドが続けば2015年から2030年の間に貧困半減を達成するとされた国々が47か国でしたが、最貧国では不可能とみなされていました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾グローバルMPI指標のうち栄養と学校出席という2指標へのパンデミックの影響をシミュレーションした結果、対応策がなければ今回の危機が過去10年の成果を打ち消しかねないと示唆しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾サブサハラアフリカでは、都市人口の25.2％(9200万人)に対し、農村人口の71.9%(4.66億人)が多次元貧困とされています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E◾サブサハラ・アフリカでは、環境の剥奪が最も顕著です。少なくとも人口の53.9%　(5.47億人)が多次元貧困であり、最低1つの環境剥奪を経験しています。環境剥奪はまた、南アジアでも顕著であり、人口の26.8%(4.86億人)が多次元貧困です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOxford Poverty \u0026amp; Human Development Initiative. Global Multidimensional Poverty Index\u0026nbsp; https://ophi.org.uk/multidimensional-poverty-index/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOxford Poverty \u0026amp; Human Development Initiative. Global MPI 2020 https://ophi.org.uk/global-mpi-2020/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an international indicator of multidimensional poverty that covers more than 100 developing countries, and complements traditional monetary poverty measures\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;capturing\u0026nbsp;the rapid deterioration of health, education and living standards.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020\u0026nbsp;is jointly published by\u0026nbsp;the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI)\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;United Nations Development Program (UNDP). The global MPI 2020\u0026nbsp;compares\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;poverty\u0026nbsp;level\u0026nbsp;for 107 countries in developing regions\u0026nbsp;corresponding\u0026nbsp;to 5.9 billion people\u0026nbsp;or\u0026nbsp;three quarters of the world’s population, and identified\u0026nbsp;1.3 billion people (22%) as multidimensionally poor.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFor key findings of the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020, please refer to the link below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://ophi.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/G-MPI_Report_2020_Charting_Pathways.pdf\u0022\u003EGlobal Multidimensional Poverty Index 2020 – Charting Pathways out of Multidimensional Poverty: Achieving the SDGs\u0026nbsp;presents the major findings of the global MPI 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200826_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200827#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-27", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "118. United Nations Climate Change Annual Report 2019", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "118. United Nations Climate Change Annual Report 2019", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On 20 August 2020, the United Nations released the UN Climate Change Annual Report, summarizing the key achievements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) intergovernmental process and the activities of the Secretariat. The report declares climate change as a planetary emergency, and that before it’s too late, there is an urgent need for global cooperation to make drastic changes in the way we produce, consume and procure energy in order to protect our ecosystems and strengthen resilience to climatic stresses. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On 20 August 2020, the United Nations released the UN Climate Change Annual Report, summarizing the key achievements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) intergovernmental process and the activities of the Secretariat. The report declares climate change as a planetary emergency, and that before it’s too late, there is an urgent need for global cooperation to make drastic changes in the way we produce, consume and procure energy in order to protect our ecosystems and strengthen resilience to climatic stresses. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn 20 August 2020, the United Nations released the UN Climate Change Annual Report 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report summarizes the\u0026nbsp;key achievements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)\u0026nbsp;intergovernmental\u0026nbsp;process and the\u0026nbsp;activities of the Secretariat\u0026nbsp;as well as the challenges to enhance climate action.\u0026nbsp;The report declares\u0026nbsp;climate change as\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;planetary\u0026nbsp;emergency, and that before it’s too late,\u0026nbsp;there is an urgent need\u0026nbsp;for global cooperation\u0026nbsp;to make\u0026nbsp;drastic changes\u0026nbsp;in the way we\u0026nbsp;produce,\u0026nbsp;consume\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;procure\u0026nbsp;energy\u0026nbsp;in order to\u0026nbsp;protect\u0026nbsp;our\u0026nbsp;ecosystems\u0026nbsp;and strengthen resilience to\u0026nbsp;climatic\u0026nbsp;stresses.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report is available at the following link:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNFCCC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/annualreport https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/unfccc_annual_report_2019.pdf\u0022\u003EUnited Nations Climate Change Annual Report 2019\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn 20 August 2020, the United Nations released the UN Climate Change Annual Report 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report summarizes the\u0026nbsp;key achievements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)\u0026nbsp;intergovernmental\u0026nbsp;process and the\u0026nbsp;activities of the Secretariat\u0026nbsp;as well as the challenges to enhance climate action.\u0026nbsp;The report declares\u0026nbsp;climate change as\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;planetary\u0026nbsp;emergency, and that before it’s too late,\u0026nbsp;there is an urgent need\u0026nbsp;for global cooperation\u0026nbsp;to make\u0026nbsp;drastic changes\u0026nbsp;in the way we\u0026nbsp;produce,\u0026nbsp;consume\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;procure\u0026nbsp;energy\u0026nbsp;in order to\u0026nbsp;protect\u0026nbsp;our\u0026nbsp;ecosystems\u0026nbsp;and strengthen resilience to\u0026nbsp;climatic\u0026nbsp;stresses.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report is available at the following link:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNFCCC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/annualreport https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/unfccc_annual_report_2019.pdf\u0022\u003EUnited Nations Climate Change Annual Report 2019\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200827#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-27", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "118. 国連気候変動年次報告 2019", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "118. United Nations Climate Change Annual Report 2019", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月20日、国連は、気候変動枠組条約（UNFCCC）のもとでの政府間交渉や事務局の活動をとりまとめた「国連気候変動年次報告」を発表しました。本書は、気候変動を「地球の緊急事態: A Planetary Emergency」と捉え、手遅れになる前に、生産・消費の方法とエネルギーの調達方法を抜本的に変え、エコシステムの保護を通じ、気候ストレスに対する強靭性を強めるためのグローバルな協調を要請しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On 20 August 2020, the United Nations released the UN Climate Change Annual Report, summarizing the key achievements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) intergovernmental process and the activities of the Secretariat. The report declares climate change as a planetary emergency, and that before it’s too late, there is an urgent need for global cooperation to make drastic changes in the way we produce, consume and procure energy in order to protect our ecosystems and strengthen resilience to climatic stresses. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月20日、国連は、「国連気候変動年次報告 2019United Nations Climate Change Annual Report 2019」を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書は、気候変動枠組条約（UNFCCC）のもとでの政府間交渉や事務局の活動、とりわけ京都議定書やパリ協定に貢献する達成事項をまとめています。本レポートは、気候変動を「地球の緊急事態: A Planetary Emergency」と捉えています。エネルギーの生産・消費や農地拡大のための森林伐採を通じた人為的な温室効果排出ガスが蓄積し、産業化以前以来1.5℃を上限とすべきにもかかわらず、既に気温は1.1℃しています。洪水や山火事などの異常気象が頻発化し、地球の気候バランスの均衡が崩れ、経済・生活・エコシステムを不安定化させています。気候変動は本質的にグローバルな事象であり、その解決のために人類は協調しなければなりません。手遅れになる前に、生産・消費の方法とエネルギーの調達方法を抜本的に変え、エコシステムの保護を通じて、気候ストレスに対しての強靭性を強めるべきです。大規模で不可逆的な危機に直面する中、将来の気候変化について不確実性があることを認識しつつも、抜本的な対策を支持する科学的根拠は十分にそろっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNFCCC. United Nations Climate Change Annual Report 2019 https://unfccc.int/annualreport https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/unfccc_annual_report_2019.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn 20 August 2020, the United Nations released the UN Climate Change Annual Report 2019.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report summarizes the\u0026nbsp;key achievements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)\u0026nbsp;intergovernmental\u0026nbsp;process and the\u0026nbsp;activities of the Secretariat\u0026nbsp;as well as the challenges to enhance climate action.\u0026nbsp;The report declares\u0026nbsp;climate change as\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;planetary\u0026nbsp;emergency, and that before it’s too late,\u0026nbsp;there is an urgent need\u0026nbsp;for global cooperation\u0026nbsp;to make\u0026nbsp;drastic changes\u0026nbsp;in the way we\u0026nbsp;produce,\u0026nbsp;consume\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;procure\u0026nbsp;energy\u0026nbsp;in order to\u0026nbsp;protect\u0026nbsp;our\u0026nbsp;ecosystems\u0026nbsp;and strengthen resilience to\u0026nbsp;climatic\u0026nbsp;stresses.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report is available at the following link:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUNFCCC. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://unfccc.int/annualreport https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/unfccc_annual_report_2019.pdf\u0022\u003EUnited Nations Climate Change Annual Report 2019\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200827_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200828#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-28", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "119. JIRCAS 50th Anniversary Symposium 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "119. JIRCAS 50th Anniversary Symposium 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "JIRCAS was founded in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center (TARF) under the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). This year 2020, JIRCAS is celebrating its 50th anniversary. To commemorate this milestone, an international symposium with the theme “The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system” will be held in a webinar format on November 10th, 2020. Details of the program and registration procedure will be announced later in this website.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS was founded in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center (TARF) under the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). This year 2020, JIRCAS is celebrating its 50th anniversary. To commemorate this milestone, an international symposium with the theme “The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system” will be held in a webinar format on November 10th, 2020. Details of the program and registration procedure will be announced later in this website.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS was\u0026nbsp;founded in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center\u0026nbsp;(TARF) under\u0026nbsp;the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;(MAFF). This year 2020,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS is celebrating\u0026nbsp;its 50th anniversary.\u0026nbsp;To commemorate\u0026nbsp;this milestone,\u0026nbsp;an international symposium\u0026nbsp;with the theme “The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system”\u0026nbsp;will be held\u0026nbsp;in a webinar format\u0026nbsp;on November 10th, 2020. Details of the program and\u0026nbsp;registration procedure\u0026nbsp;will be announced later\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;this\u0026nbsp;website.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOverview\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the beginning of 2020, the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have been sweeping the world. The implementation of movement restrictions to control the outbreak has inevitably led to the suspension of economic activities, accompanied by an unprecedented global economic crisis. In turn, the disruption of the global supply chain has raised fears of a food crisis from which food-importing developing countries can disproportionally suffer. By August 2020, as many governments across the world began to ease lockdown restrictions and started to slowly reopen their economies, the COVID-19 epicentre has shifted to developing countries whose agriculture sector has been already stressed due to climate change.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Given the magnitude of health and economic emergencies, the UN has predicted a worsening humanitarian crisis with the rise in the number of people suffering from food and nutrition insecurity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe challenges facing the global community today, including climate crisis and zoonotic diseases due to environmental degradation, are emerging too rapidly, evolving too fast, becoming increasingly too complex, and affecting too many dimensions of our planet as well as our lives to sustain the resilience of the global food system. The triple crises of climate change, COVID-19, and food insecurity in developing countries are indeed intricately interlinked. Reversing climate change, preventing disease outbreak, and addressing food security in developing countries have to go hand-in-hand through developing and scaling up of climate-smart sustainable agricultural intensification technologies, which contribute to improving yields and resource-use efficiencies while conserving the environment.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince its establishment as the Tropical Agricultural Research Center (TARC) in 1970, JIRCAS has been a front-runner in Japan\u0027s efforts to collaborate with partners from developing regions and international organizations through joint agricultural research projects. JIRCAS is geared to deal with the above challenges affecting the global food system by taking advantage of its strength based on its 50-year experience of research with partners in developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis event is expected to promote discussions with JIRCAS’ partners on the challenges affecting the global food system, including those emerging with and likely to evolve after the COVID-19 period. JIRCAS and its partners will exchange views and opinions on how to develop an effective, impact-oriented mode of international research collaboration in order to deal with the above challenges by working with cross-disciplinary teams and by strengthening of ties with implementing partners to develop/disseminate/scale-up technologies swiftly and widely.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDate：November 10, 2020（Tuesday）　15:00 – 17:30\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFormat : Webinar with\u0026nbsp;simultaneous translation in Japanese and English\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe program and registration procedure will be available soon.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS was\u0026nbsp;founded in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center\u0026nbsp;(TARF) under\u0026nbsp;the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;(MAFF). This year 2020,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS is celebrating\u0026nbsp;its 50th anniversary.\u0026nbsp;To commemorate\u0026nbsp;this milestone,\u0026nbsp;an international symposium\u0026nbsp;with the theme “The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system”\u0026nbsp;will be held\u0026nbsp;in a webinar format\u0026nbsp;on November 10th, 2020. Details of the program and\u0026nbsp;registration procedure\u0026nbsp;will be announced later\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;this\u0026nbsp;website.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOverview\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the beginning of 2020, the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have been sweeping the world. The implementation of movement restrictions to control the outbreak has inevitably led to the suspension of economic activities, accompanied by an unprecedented global economic crisis. In turn, the disruption of the global supply chain has raised fears of a food crisis from which food-importing developing countries can disproportionally suffer. By August 2020, as many governments across the world began to ease lockdown restrictions and started to slowly reopen their economies, the COVID-19 epicentre has shifted to developing countries whose agriculture sector has been already stressed due to climate change.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Given the magnitude of health and economic emergencies, the UN has predicted a worsening humanitarian crisis with the rise in the number of people suffering from food and nutrition insecurity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe challenges facing the global community today, including climate crisis and zoonotic diseases due to environmental degradation, are emerging too rapidly, evolving too fast, becoming increasingly too complex, and affecting too many dimensions of our planet as well as our lives to sustain the resilience of the global food system. The triple crises of climate change, COVID-19, and food insecurity in developing countries are indeed intricately interlinked. Reversing climate change, preventing disease outbreak, and addressing food security in developing countries have to go hand-in-hand through developing and scaling up of climate-smart sustainable agricultural intensification technologies, which contribute to improving yields and resource-use efficiencies while conserving the environment.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince its establishment as the Tropical Agricultural Research Center (TARC) in 1970, JIRCAS has been a front-runner in Japan\u0027s efforts to collaborate with partners from developing regions and international organizations through joint agricultural research projects. JIRCAS is geared to deal with the above challenges affecting the global food system by taking advantage of its strength based on its 50-year experience of research with partners in developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis event is expected to promote discussions with JIRCAS’ partners on the challenges affecting the global food system, including those emerging with and likely to evolve after the COVID-19 period. JIRCAS and its partners will exchange views and opinions on how to develop an effective, impact-oriented mode of international research collaboration in order to deal with the above challenges by working with cross-disciplinary teams and by strengthening of ties with implementing partners to develop/disseminate/scale-up technologies swiftly and widely.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDate：November 10, 2020（Tuesday）　15:00 – 17:30\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFormat : Webinar with\u0026nbsp;simultaneous translation in Japanese and English\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe program and registration procedure will be available soon.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200828#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-28", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "119. JIRCAS創立50周年記念国際シンポジウム2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "119. JIRCAS 50th Anniversary Symposium 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農研は1970年に農林省熱帯農業研究センターとして創立され、今年50周年を迎えました。このたび、11月10日（火）に、創立50周年を記念した国際シンポジウムを開催します。本年は、「ポスト・コロナ時代のグローバル・フードシステムをとりまく地球規模課題の展開と農林水産業研究における国際連携の役割」をテーマに、ウェビナー形式での開催を予定しております。プログラム詳細や参加方法については、後日HPにて発表します。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "JIRCAS was founded in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center (TARF) under the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF). This year 2020, JIRCAS is celebrating its 50th anniversary. To commemorate this milestone, an international symposium with the theme “The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system” will be held in a webinar format on November 10th, 2020. Details of the program and registration procedure will be announced later in this website.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は1970年に農林省熱帯農業研究センターとして創立され、今年（2020年）50周年を迎えました。このたび、令和2年11月10日（火）に、創立50周年を記念した国際シンポジウムを開催します。本年はコロナ感染症対策をめぐる事情が刻々と変化するのを踏まえ、「ポスト・コロナ時代のグローバル・フードシステムをとりまく地球規模課題の展開と農林水産業研究における国際連携の役割」をテーマに、ウェビナー形式での開催を予定しております。プログラム詳細や参加方法については、後日、HPにて発表します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E【概要】\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年初頭以来、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックの影響が世界中を吹き荒れています。感染拡大防止策としての移動規制の実施は、経済活動の停止を余儀なくし、未曽有の世界経済危機をもたらしています。一方、グローバルサプライチェーンの寸断は、世界食料危機の懸念をもたらし、とりわけ輸入食料に依存する開発途上国では食料栄養安全保障が危機にさらされています。2020年8月時点において、各国では都市封鎖を含む感染防止策疲れが起きており、各国政府が経済再開に踏み出す状況の中、COVID-19の感染の中心地は途上国に移行しつつあります。途上国の農業セクターは、気候変動の影響で既に影響を受けています。保健・経済緊急事態の規模を踏まえ、国連は、食料栄養危機に陥る人々の急増を伴う人道危機の悪化を予測しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今日、国際社会は、気候危機の深刻化、環境破壊にも一部起因するとされる人獣共通感染症発現の頻発化、をはじめとする地球規模課題に絶えず直面するようになっています。これら課題の展開は、極めて速く、かつ複合的で、我々の地球・生活のあらゆる側面に影響を及ぼすようになっています。さらに気候危機、人獣共通感染症危機、途上国における食料安全保障は密接に関連しあっています。気候変動の逆転、パンデミック拡大の阻止、食料安全保障の維持は、環境保全・資源利用効率性と収量向上に貢献するクライメート・スマートかつ持続的な農業集約技術の開発と普及を通じ、体系的に取り組まれる必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、1970年に熱帯農業研究センター(TARC)として創立して以来、半世紀にわたり、開発途上地域における農林水産業分野の国際共同研究を牽引する我が国のフロントランナーとして活動を続けてきました。国際農研は、50年の歴史に基づく強みを活かしつつ、今後も重要性を増していく地球規模課題を見据え、開発途上地域の農林水産業分野における国際共同研究を行っていきます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本シンポジウムでは、共同研究パートナーとともに、コロナ禍で露呈したグローバル・フードシステムの課題を含み、開発途上地域の農林水産業分野における重要研究課題について議論します。同時に、技術開発・普及における国際開発パートナーとの協力関係強化を通じ、より効果的でインパクト重視の国際連携の在り方について、意見交換を行います。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日時：令和2年11月10日（火）　15:00 – 17:30\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E開催方式: オンライン・日英同時通訳\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eプログラム詳細や参加方法:　後日、HPにて発表\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS was\u0026nbsp;founded in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center\u0026nbsp;(TARF) under\u0026nbsp;the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;(MAFF). This year 2020,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS is celebrating\u0026nbsp;its 50th anniversary.\u0026nbsp;To commemorate\u0026nbsp;this milestone,\u0026nbsp;an international symposium\u0026nbsp;with the theme “The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system”\u0026nbsp;will be held\u0026nbsp;in a webinar format\u0026nbsp;on November 10th, 2020. Details of the program and\u0026nbsp;registration procedure\u0026nbsp;will be announced later\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;this\u0026nbsp;website.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOverview\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince the beginning of 2020, the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have been sweeping the world. The implementation of movement restrictions to control the outbreak has inevitably led to the suspension of economic activities, accompanied by an unprecedented global economic crisis. In turn, the disruption of the global supply chain has raised fears of a food crisis from which food-importing developing countries can disproportionally suffer. By August 2020, as many governments across the world began to ease lockdown restrictions and started to slowly reopen their economies, the COVID-19 epicentre has shifted to developing countries whose agriculture sector has been already stressed due to climate change.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Given the magnitude of health and economic emergencies, the UN has predicted a worsening humanitarian crisis with the rise in the number of people suffering from food and nutrition insecurity.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe challenges facing the global community today, including climate crisis and zoonotic diseases due to environmental degradation, are emerging too rapidly, evolving too fast, becoming increasingly too complex, and affecting too many dimensions of our planet as well as our lives to sustain the resilience of the global food system. The triple crises of climate change, COVID-19, and food insecurity in developing countries are indeed intricately interlinked. Reversing climate change, preventing disease outbreak, and addressing food security in developing countries have to go hand-in-hand through developing and scaling up of climate-smart sustainable agricultural intensification technologies, which contribute to improving yields and resource-use efficiencies while conserving the environment.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince its establishment as the Tropical Agricultural Research Center (TARC) in 1970, JIRCAS has been a front-runner in Japan\u0027s efforts to collaborate with partners from developing regions and international organizations through joint agricultural research projects. JIRCAS is geared to deal with the above challenges affecting the global food system by taking advantage of its strength based on its 50-year experience of research with partners in developing countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis event is expected to promote discussions with JIRCAS’ partners on the challenges affecting the global food system, including those emerging with and likely to evolve after the COVID-19 period. JIRCAS and its partners will exchange views and opinions on how to develop an effective, impact-oriented mode of international research collaboration in order to deal with the above challenges by working with cross-disciplinary teams and by strengthening of ties with implementing partners to develop/disseminate/scale-up technologies swiftly and widely.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDate：November 10, 2020（Tuesday）　15:00 – 17:30\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFormat : Webinar with\u0026nbsp;simultaneous translation in Japanese and English\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe program and registration procedure will be available soon.\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200828_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200901_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-31", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "120. The Conversation: Africa Has a Growing Food Security Problem – Why it can’t be fixed without proper data", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "120. The Conversation: Africa Has a Growing Food Security Problem – Why it can’t be fixed without proper data", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On August 27, 2020, researchers at the Centre for Competition Regulation and Economic Development of the University of Johannesburg published an article entitled “Africa has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data” in the online forum, The Conversation. As the pandemic continues to spread, the article emphasized the need for access to accurate and timely information about market markets, food production and prices in establishing a resilient and integrated regional agricultural system over the medium to long term.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 27, 2020, researchers at the Centre for Competition Regulation and Economic Development of the University of Johannesburg published an article entitled “Africa has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data” in the online forum, The Conversation. As the pandemic continues to spread, the article emphasized the need for access to accurate and timely information about market markets, food production and prices in establishing a resilient and integrated regional agricultural system over the medium to long term.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 27, 2020, researchers at the Centre for Competition Regulation and Economic Development of the University of Johannesburg published an article entitled “Africa has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data” in the online forum, The Conversation. As the pandemic continues to spread, the article emphasized the need for access to accurate and timely information about market markets, food production and prices in establishing a resilient and integrated regional agricultural system over the medium to long term.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Conversation. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://theconversation.com/africa-has-a-growing-food-security-problem-why-it-cant-be-fixed-without-proper-data-143012\u0022\u003EAfrica has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;Simon Roberts and Jason Bell.\u0026nbsp; August 27, 2020 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 27, 2020, researchers at the Centre for Competition Regulation and Economic Development of the University of Johannesburg published an article entitled “Africa has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data” in the online forum, The Conversation. As the pandemic continues to spread, the article emphasized the need for access to accurate and timely information about market markets, food production and prices in establishing a resilient and integrated regional agricultural system over the medium to long term.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Conversation. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://theconversation.com/africa-has-a-growing-food-security-problem-why-it-cant-be-fixed-without-proper-data-143012\u0022\u003EAfrica has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;Simon Roberts and Jason Bell.\u0026nbsp; August 27, 2020 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200831#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-08-31", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "120. The Conversation. 深刻化するアフリカの食料安全保障問題　―　なぜ解決には信頼できるデータが必要か", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "120. The Conversation: Africa Has a Growing Food Security Problem – Why it can’t be fixed without proper data", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月27日、オンライン・フォーラムであるThe Conversationにて、ヨハネスブルグ大学教授らが、「深刻化するアフリカの食料安全保障問題　―　なぜ解決には信頼できるデータが必要か」 との論考を発表しました。中長期的に強靭で統合された地域農業システムを確立する上で、市場参加者・食料生産・価格に関する正確でタイムリーな情報へのアクセスの必要性を強調しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 27, 2020, researchers at the Centre for Competition Regulation and Economic Development of the University of Johannesburg published an article entitled “Africa has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data” in the online forum, The Conversation. As the pandemic continues to spread, the article emphasized the need for access to accurate and timely information about market markets, food production and prices in establishing a resilient and integrated regional agricultural system over the medium to long term.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月27日、オンライン・フォーラムであるThe Conversationにて、ヨハネスブルグ大学教授らが、「深刻化するアフリカの食料安全保障問題　―　なぜ解決には信頼できるデータが必要か. Africa has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data」 との論考を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックと封じ込め措置は生産者・消費者双方に負の影響をもたらしています。食料生産は寸断され、所得機会は失われました。中でもパンデミックによる最大の社会的影響は食料アクセスへの制限です。多くの国々、とりわけ輸入食料への依存の高いアフリカ諸国にとって、食料安全保障の危機への対応が優先政策事項になります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパンデミックが拡大する中、地域・国レベルで農業に依存している南部・東アフリカ諸国において、食料安全保障の危機回避はフードサプライチェーンが機能することが不可欠です。地域経済の統合は食料安全保障危機を解決する重要な手段ですが、それには生産・インフラ等投資への支持なくして不可能です。さらに、食料市場に関する正確でタイムリーな情報が必要となります。食料価格等に関するデータは、政治経済安定性にとっても必要なものですが、十分整備されているとはいえません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際的には農業価格についてのデータ集計のための努力が不断に行われてきました。アフリカにおいても、一部の国では国レベルの商品取引所が開設され、卸売取引や市場・価格情報の収集に主導的な役割を果たそうとしています。しかし、南部・東アフリカ諸国では、商品取引市場はまだ効率的に機能しておらず、例外を除き、小規模生産者が信頼足り得る価格情報へアクセスできるような状況は整っていません。生産者がアクセス可能なデータが整備されていない状況では、地域レベルでの大きな価格差の存在を許します。これら価格差は合理的な輸送費等のコストを上回り、大規模な買い手が個々に高い輸送費に直面する生産者を搾取する状況をもたらします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E生産や市場構造に関連する情報に加え、食料価格に対するアップデートされた情報は、地域の農業食料システムの運営に欠かせません。パンデミックの影響把握から気候やバッタ被害の推計においても、情報は重要な役割を果たします。リアルタイムのデータなくして、適切な対応策を講じるのは不可能です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパンデミックは、グローバル農業システムへの過度な依存が脆弱であることを示しました。より統合された地域農業システムの確立には、小・中規模農民を対象に含むアグリビジネス支援のための政策協調が必要です。中長期的に強靭で統合された地域農業システムを確立する上で、市場参加者・食料生産・価格に関する正確でタイムリーな情報へのアクセスが必要となります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Conversation. Africa has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data.\u0026nbsp; August 27, 2020 Simon Roberts, Jason Bell\u0026nbsp; https://theconversation.com/africa-has-a-growing-food-security-problem-why-it-cant-be-fixed-without-proper-data-143012\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 27, 2020, researchers at the Centre for Competition Regulation and Economic Development of the University of Johannesburg published an article entitled “Africa has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data” in the online forum, The Conversation. As the pandemic continues to spread, the article emphasized the need for access to accurate and timely information about market markets, food production and prices in establishing a resilient and integrated regional agricultural system over the medium to long term.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Conversation. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://theconversation.com/africa-has-a-growing-food-security-problem-why-it-cant-be-fixed-without-proper-data-143012\u0022\u003EAfrica has a growing food security problem: why it can’t be fixed without proper data\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;by\u0026nbsp;Simon Roberts and Jason Bell.\u0026nbsp; August 27, 2020 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202008/20200831_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200901#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "121. IMFBlog — COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "121. IMFBlog — COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On August 27, 2020, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Blog posted an article entitled,“COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade”. The support from the international community is key to prevent the pandemic from “creating a COVID generation who loses out on schooling and whose opportunities are permanently damaged”.\r\n\r\n ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 27, 2020, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Blog posted an article entitled,“COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade”. The support from the international community is key to prevent the pandemic from “creating a COVID generation who loses out on schooling and whose opportunities are permanently damaged”.\r\n\r\n ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 27, 2020, the International Monetary Fund (IMF)\u0026nbsp;Blog posted an article entitled,“COVID-19: Without\u0026nbsp;Help, Low-Income Developing Countries\u0026nbsp;Risk a\u0026nbsp;Lost Decade”.\u0026nbsp;The support from the international community is key to prevent the pandemic from\u0026nbsp;“creating a COVID generation\u0026nbsp;who loses out on schooling and whose opportunities are permanently damaged”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full blog is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF Blog. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/08/27/covid-19-without-help-low-income-developing-countries-risk-a-lost-decade/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade\u0026nbsp;\u003C/a\u003E AUGUST 27, 2020\u0026nbsp; By Daniel Gurara, Stefania Fabrizio, and Johannes Wiegand\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 27, 2020, the International Monetary Fund (IMF)\u0026nbsp;Blog posted an article entitled,“COVID-19: Without\u0026nbsp;Help, Low-Income Developing Countries\u0026nbsp;Risk a\u0026nbsp;Lost Decade”.\u0026nbsp;The support from the international community is key to prevent the pandemic from\u0026nbsp;“creating a COVID generation\u0026nbsp;who loses out on schooling and whose opportunities are permanently damaged”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full blog is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF Blog. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/08/27/covid-19-without-help-low-income-developing-countries-risk-a-lost-decade/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade\u0026nbsp;\u003C/a\u003E AUGUST 27, 2020\u0026nbsp; By Daniel Gurara, Stefania Fabrizio, and Johannes Wiegand\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200901#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "121. IMF: COVID-19: 支援がなければ、低所得開発途上国は失われた10年に直面しうる", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "121. IMFBlog — COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月27日、国際通貨基金 (IMF)は、ブログ記事「新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19)：支援がなければ、低所得開発途上国は失われた10年に直面しうる 」を発表しました。パンデミックによって「教育機会の喪失により永久的に機会喪失のダメージを負ったCOVID世代」を生み出さないためにも、国際コミュニティによる支援がカギとなります。\r\n\r\n ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 27, 2020, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Blog posted an article entitled,“COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade”. The support from the international community is key to prevent the pandemic from “creating a COVID generation who loses out on schooling and whose opportunities are permanently damaged”.\r\n\r\n ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月27日、国際通貨基金 (IMF)は、ブログ記事「新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19)：支援がなければ、低所得開発途上国は失われた10年に直面しうる　COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade\u0026nbsp; 」を発表しました。COVID-19危機は世界中を吹き荒れていますが、低所得開発途上国(LIDCs)はとりわけ厳しい状況に置かれています。LIDCsは外生的なショックと同時に、ウイルス拡散とロックダウン措置による国内経済の収縮により打撃を受けています。同時に、多くのLIDCs諸国は経済を下支えするための十分な資源や制度を持ち合わせていません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELIDCsの多くは公的債務を抱えており、既にショックに脆弱な状況でCOVID-19危機に直面することになりました。3月以来、LIDCsは実質輸出の縮小、石油価格をはじめとする輸出価格の下落、資本・送金流入の減少、観光収入の激減など、同時多発の外生的ショックに直面しています。例えば2019年、59か国LIDCs中30か国で国際送金(仕送り)はGDPの5％以上の貢献がありましたが、4－5月に前年比でバングラデッシュでは18％、キルギスでは39％落ち込みました。とりわけ国際送金を主要収入源とする貧困層が打撃を受けるとされています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の他の地域に比べ、LIDCsではパンデミックの進行速度が緩やかでしたが、未だに感染率が低い段階で国際移動規制・学校閉鎖・公的イベント中止など早急な拡大封鎖措置を講じることで、国内経済活動の大幅な縮小を伴いました。4月末・5月頃から封鎖措置が緩和がされつつありますが、経済活動は未だ危機以前の水準に戻っていません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E多くのLIDCsでは人口の大きな割合を占める人々が生存ギリギリの生活水準に置かれており、厳しい封鎖措置を長く続けることは不可能です。巨大なインフォーマルセクター、脆弱な制度キャパシティ、貧困層を捕捉する戸籍制度の不備などが、支援を必要とする人々へのアクセスを困難にしています。さらに政府は彼らを支援するための十分な資源を持ちません。アフリカ20か国で行われた最近の調査によると、70％の回答者が、ロックダウンが2週間続くと食料不足の危機に陥りかねない、と答えました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこのような制約に直面しつつも、多くのLIDCsでは迅速に封鎖対策を行ったことで、感染カーブの平準化に成功し、保健セクターのキャパシティ整備に時間を稼ぐことができました。多くのLIDCsでは、先進国や新興国に比べて経済支援の財政的支出は小さいものの、保健セクターへの追加的支出の割合は増えました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E広範囲な封じ込めの維持が難しくなるにつれ、ベトナムやカンボジアがとったように社会的距離や感染者の追跡など、LIDCsはターゲットを絞った措置に移行すべきです。教育機会の維持は、パンデミックによって「教育機会の喪失により永久的に機会喪失のダメージを負ったCOVID世代」を生み出さないためにも重要です。必要なインフラさえあれば、技術によってイノベーションを起こすことも可能です。例えばルワンダでは現金利用を抑制するためにデジタル金融インフラを活用しました。トーゴでは脆弱なグループへの支援を行う上で、有権者登録データベースを利用しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELIDC政府の最善の努力にもかかわらず、国際支援がなければ生産キャパシティ喪失による恒久的なダメージは回避できません。COVID-19による瘢痕は、過去7－10年の間にLIDCsが成し遂げた貧困削減などの開発努力を払拭し、格差を悪化させかねません。SDGsの達成も困難になるでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELIDCsがパンデミックを克服し回復する上で、国際コミュニティによる支援がカギとなります。優先分野は以下の通りです。（１）治療薬やワクチンなど最低限の保健サプライの保証；（２）とりわけ食料・医薬品に関するサプライチェーンの保護；（３）保護主義の回避；（４）助成金や譲与的条件での金融支援；（５）LIDCsによる国際流動性の確保；（６）G20の最貧国の債務返済猶予枠組み（Debt Service Suspension Initiative)を超えた債務返済計画の見直し；（７）危機が一段落する段階でのSDGsなどニーズの見直し。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF Blog. COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade\u0026nbsp; AUGUST 27, 2020\u0026nbsp; By Daniel Gurara, Stefania Fabrizio, and Johannes Wiegand https://blogs.imf.org/2020/08/27/covid-19-without-help-low-income-developing-countries-risk-a-lost-decade/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 27, 2020, the International Monetary Fund (IMF)\u0026nbsp;Blog posted an article entitled,“COVID-19: Without\u0026nbsp;Help, Low-Income Developing Countries\u0026nbsp;Risk a\u0026nbsp;Lost Decade”.\u0026nbsp;The support from the international community is key to prevent the pandemic from\u0026nbsp;“creating a COVID generation\u0026nbsp;who loses out on schooling and whose opportunities are permanently damaged”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full blog is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIMF Blog. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://blogs.imf.org/2020/08/27/covid-19-without-help-low-income-developing-countries-risk-a-lost-decade/\u0022\u003ECOVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade\u0026nbsp;\u003C/a\u003E AUGUST 27, 2020\u0026nbsp; By Daniel Gurara, Stefania Fabrizio, and Johannes Wiegand\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200901_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200902#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "122. CIFOR – Meeting the Food Security Challenge for 9 Billion People in 2050: What Impact on Forests?", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "122. CIFOR – Meeting the Food Security Challenge for 9 Billion People in 2050: What Impact on Forests?", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Researchers from the International Center for Forestry Research (CIFOR) researchers published a paper in Global Environmental Change entitled “Meeting the Food Security Challenge for 9 Billion People in 2050: What Impact on Forests?”. This study reviewed the global agricultural, forestry and land use models, and summarized the impact of increasing food demand with increasing population on forest area. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Researchers from the International Center for Forestry Research (CIFOR) researchers published a paper in Global Environmental Change entitled “Meeting the Food Security Challenge for 9 Billion People in 2050: What Impact on Forests?”. This study reviewed the global agricultural, forestry and land use models, and summarized the impact of increasing food demand with increasing population on forest area. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EResearchers from the\u0026nbsp;International Center for Forestry Research (CIFOR) researchers published a paper in Global Environmental Change\u0026nbsp;entitled “Meeting\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Food\u0026nbsp;Security\u0026nbsp;Challenge for\u0026nbsp;9\u0026nbsp;Billion\u0026nbsp;People\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;2050:\u0026nbsp;What\u0026nbsp;Impact on\u0026nbsp;Forests?”.\u0026nbsp;This study reviewed the global agricultural,\u0026nbsp;forestry and\u0026nbsp;land use models, and summarized the impact of increasing food demand with increasing population on forest area. It is expected that\u0026nbsp;a combination of approaches\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;carbon pricing/tax, reforestation/plantation, no deforestation policy, crop yield improvement, waste reduction and changes towards a less energy-intensive diet\u0026nbsp;will contribute\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;forest conservation, halt further\u0026nbsp;agricultural land expansion, and mitigate climate change.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBahar,\u0026nbsp;N.H.A,\u0026nbsp;Lo\u0026nbsp;M.,\u0026nbsp;Sanjaya, M.,\u0026nbsp;Van Vianen, J.,\u0026nbsp;Alexander, P.,\u0026nbsp;Ickowitz, A.,\u0026nbsp;Sunderland, T.C.H. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102056\u0022\u003EMeeting the food security challenge for nine billion people in 2050: What impact on forests?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Global Environmental Change Volume 62, May 2020, 102056\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EResearchers from the\u0026nbsp;International Center for Forestry Research (CIFOR) researchers published a paper in Global Environmental Change\u0026nbsp;entitled “Meeting\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Food\u0026nbsp;Security\u0026nbsp;Challenge for\u0026nbsp;9\u0026nbsp;Billion\u0026nbsp;People\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;2050:\u0026nbsp;What\u0026nbsp;Impact on\u0026nbsp;Forests?”.\u0026nbsp;This study reviewed the global agricultural,\u0026nbsp;forestry and\u0026nbsp;land use models, and summarized the impact of increasing food demand with increasing population on forest area. It is expected that\u0026nbsp;a combination of approaches\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;carbon pricing/tax, reforestation/plantation, no deforestation policy, crop yield improvement, waste reduction and changes towards a less energy-intensive diet\u0026nbsp;will contribute\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;forest conservation, halt further\u0026nbsp;agricultural land expansion, and mitigate climate change.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBahar,\u0026nbsp;N.H.A,\u0026nbsp;Lo\u0026nbsp;M.,\u0026nbsp;Sanjaya, M.,\u0026nbsp;Van Vianen, J.,\u0026nbsp;Alexander, P.,\u0026nbsp;Ickowitz, A.,\u0026nbsp;Sunderland, T.C.H. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102056\u0022\u003EMeeting the food security challenge for nine billion people in 2050: What impact on forests?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Global Environmental Change Volume 62, May 2020, 102056\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200902#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "122. CIFOR: 2050年に90億人の食料安全保障を満たすために 　―　森林へのインパクトは？ ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "122. CIFOR – Meeting the Food Security Challenge for 9 Billion People in 2050: What Impact on Forests?", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際林業研究センター (CIFOR) 研究者らは、Global Environmental Change誌に論文「2050年に90億人の食料安全保障を満たすために―森林へのインパクトは？」を公表しました。本研究は、世界的な農業森林土地利用モデルのレビューを行い、人口増に伴う食料需要の増大がもたらす森林面積への影響予測について整理しました。炭素税、植林、森林破壊規制、作物生産性向上、フードロスの削減、カロリー過剰な食生活の抑制、等の措置を講じることで、農地拡大に対する森林保全と気候変動緩和双方に貢献することが期待されます。 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Researchers from the International Center for Forestry Research (CIFOR) researchers published a paper in Global Environmental Change entitled “Meeting the Food Security Challenge for 9 Billion People in 2050: What Impact on Forests?”. This study reviewed the global agricultural, forestry and land use models, and summarized the impact of increasing food demand with increasing population on forest area. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際林業研究センター (CIFOR) 研究者らは、Global Environmental Change誌に論文「2050年に90億人の食料安全保障を満たすためにー森林へのインパクトは？Meeting the food security challenge for nine billion people in 2050: What impact on forests?\u0026nbsp; 」を公表しました。\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n1850年から2015年にかけて、食料需要増加に伴い、世界の耕作地面積は111％、牧草地面積は59％拡大する一方、森林ランドスケープ面積は17％減少しました。今日のフードシステムは、小麦・メイズ・コメといった主食作物の大量生産によって特徴づけられ、人類に対し様々な栄養を供給する多様化された生産システムからは程遠い状況にあります。人類への食料供給を至上とする分析では、農地拡大の森林への影響に関する十分な考察は行われてきませんでした。\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n国連によると世界人口は現在の78億人から2050年までに97億人に膨れ上がると予測されています。本研究は、世界的な農業森林土地利用モデルのレビューを行い、人口増に伴う食料需要の増大がもたらす森林面積への影響予測について整理しました。63モデルの分析結果、37モデルが2050年までに耕地拡大と世界的な森林・草地面積の減少を予測しています。対照的に、20のシナリオでは、2000万～28億ヘクタールの森林面積増加が予測されました。\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n\u003Cbr /\u003E\r\n森林破壊の回避は、土壌侵食や温室効果ガス排出を抑制し、炭素隔離や気温上昇の抑制に貢献します。炭素税、植林、森林破壊規制、作物生産性向上、フードロスの削減、カロリー過剰な食生活の抑制、等の措置を講じることで、農地拡大に対する森林保全と気候変動緩和双方に貢献することが期待されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBahar, N.H.A.; Lo, M.; Sanjaya, M.; Van Vianen, J.; Alexander, P.; Ickowitz, A.; Sunderland, T.C.H. Meeting the food security challenge for nine billion people in 2050: What impact on forests?\u0026nbsp; Global Environmental Change Volume 62, May 2020, 102056 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102056\u0022\u003Ehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102056\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EResearchers from the\u0026nbsp;International Center for Forestry Research (CIFOR) researchers published a paper in Global Environmental Change\u0026nbsp;entitled “Meeting\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Food\u0026nbsp;Security\u0026nbsp;Challenge for\u0026nbsp;9\u0026nbsp;Billion\u0026nbsp;People\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;2050:\u0026nbsp;What\u0026nbsp;Impact on\u0026nbsp;Forests?”.\u0026nbsp;This study reviewed the global agricultural,\u0026nbsp;forestry and\u0026nbsp;land use models, and summarized the impact of increasing food demand with increasing population on forest area. It is expected that\u0026nbsp;a combination of approaches\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;carbon pricing/tax, reforestation/plantation, no deforestation policy, crop yield improvement, waste reduction and changes towards a less energy-intensive diet\u0026nbsp;will contribute\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;forest conservation, halt further\u0026nbsp;agricultural land expansion, and mitigate climate change.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBahar,\u0026nbsp;N.H.A,\u0026nbsp;Lo\u0026nbsp;M.,\u0026nbsp;Sanjaya, M.,\u0026nbsp;Van Vianen, J.,\u0026nbsp;Alexander, P.,\u0026nbsp;Ickowitz, A.,\u0026nbsp;Sunderland, T.C.H. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102056\u0022\u003EMeeting the food security challenge for nine billion people in 2050: What impact on forests?\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp; Global Environmental Change Volume 62, May 2020, 102056\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200902_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200904_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "123. Lancet Planet Health: COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "123. Lancet Planet Health: COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In the August 2020 issue, the Lancet Planet Health published an article entitled \u0022 COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UNFCCC”. The two crises, the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate crisis, both impact the most vulnerable societies, highlighting the need for a global food systems transformation.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the August 2020 issue, the Lancet Planet Health published an article entitled \u0022 COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UNFCCC”. The two crises, the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate crisis, both impact the most vulnerable societies, highlighting the need for a global food systems transformation.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;August\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;issue, the\u0026nbsp;Lancet Planet Health\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an article entitled \u0022\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the\u0026nbsp;UNFCCC”.\u0026nbsp;The two crises, the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate crisis, both impact the most vulnerable societies, highlighting the need\u0026nbsp;for a\u0026nbsp;global food systems transformation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn consideration of COVID-19, the following recommendations have been put together\u0026nbsp;based on a\u0026nbsp;survey conducted during the\u0026nbsp;UN Climate Change Conference\u0026nbsp;COP25:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EHealth care issues are becoming increasingly important in climate change negotiations, and nationally determined contributions (NDCs) should include food systems that include dietary changes in\u0026nbsp;order to meet\u0026nbsp;the Paris Agreement.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EUNFCCC should address agricultural issues in climate change negotiations following the launch of the\u0026nbsp;Koronivia workshops\u0026nbsp;(The Koronivia\u0026nbsp;Joint\u0026nbsp;Work on\u0026nbsp;Agriculture\u0026nbsp;is a landmark decision recognizing the role of agriculture in tackling climate change.).\u0026nbsp;This workshop focuses only on food production practices, but achieving the Paris Agreement is difficult without significant changes in eating habits. Therefore,\u0026nbsp;negotiations related to\u0026nbsp;Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use\u0026nbsp;at\u0026nbsp;the UNFCCC should include food production, food lossand waste, and dietary changes.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EUNFCCC should\u0026nbsp;mandate that catering at all current and future events follows the latest guidance on healthy and sustainable diets.\u0026nbsp;COP26 in Glasgow is a good time to set a good example.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGralak S, Spajic L, Blom I, et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(20)30163-7/fulltext\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UNFCCC\u003C/a\u003E. Lancet Planet Health 2020; 4: e309–11.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;August\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;issue, the\u0026nbsp;Lancet Planet Health\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an article entitled \u0022\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the\u0026nbsp;UNFCCC”.\u0026nbsp;The two crises, the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate crisis, both impact the most vulnerable societies, highlighting the need\u0026nbsp;for a\u0026nbsp;global food systems transformation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn consideration of COVID-19, the following recommendations have been put together\u0026nbsp;based on a\u0026nbsp;survey conducted during the\u0026nbsp;UN Climate Change Conference\u0026nbsp;COP25:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EHealth care issues are becoming increasingly important in climate change negotiations, and nationally determined contributions (NDCs) should include food systems that include dietary changes in\u0026nbsp;order to meet\u0026nbsp;the Paris Agreement.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EUNFCCC should address agricultural issues in climate change negotiations following the launch of the\u0026nbsp;Koronivia workshops\u0026nbsp;(The Koronivia\u0026nbsp;Joint\u0026nbsp;Work on\u0026nbsp;Agriculture\u0026nbsp;is a landmark decision recognizing the role of agriculture in tackling climate change.).\u0026nbsp;This workshop focuses only on food production practices, but achieving the Paris Agreement is difficult without significant changes in eating habits. Therefore,\u0026nbsp;negotiations related to\u0026nbsp;Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use\u0026nbsp;at\u0026nbsp;the UNFCCC should include food production, food lossand waste, and dietary changes.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EUNFCCC should\u0026nbsp;mandate that catering at all current and future events follows the latest guidance on healthy and sustainable diets.\u0026nbsp;COP26 in Glasgow is a good time to set a good example.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGralak S, Spajic L, Blom I, et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(20)30163-7/fulltext\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UNFCCC\u003C/a\u003E. Lancet Planet Health 2020; 4: e309–11.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200903#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-03", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "123. Lancet Planetary Health: 新型コロナウイルス感染症と国連気候変動枠組条約（UNFCCC）におけるフードシステムの未来", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "123. Lancet Planet Health: COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "020年8月、Lancet Planet Health誌にて、「新型コロナウイルス感染症と国連気候変動枠組条約（UNFCCC）のもとでのフードシステムの未来」論説が発表されました。COVID-19パンデミックと気候危機という2つの危機は、双方とも最も脆弱な社会層への影響が大きく、グローバルフードシステムの転換の必要性を強調しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the August 2020 issue, the Lancet Planet Health published an article entitled \u0022 COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UNFCCC”. The two crises, the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate crisis, both impact the most vulnerable societies, highlighting the need for a global food systems transformation.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月、Lancet Planet Health誌にて、「新型コロナウイルス感染症と国連気候変動枠組条約（UNFCCC）のもとでのフードシステムの未来」論説が発表されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19パンデミックはフードシステムの脆弱性への警告であると同時に、気候危機によってもたらされうる栄養安全保障・保健医療への脅威でもあります。パンデミックと気候危機という2つの危機は、異なるメカニズムを通じてフードシステムに影響を及ぼしますが、双方とも最も脆弱な社会層への影響が大きく、グローバルフードシステムの転換の必要性を強調しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2019年LANCET委員会は人類・地球の健康の双方との関係でフードシステムの果たす重要な役割を強調しました。食料安全保障の問題と質の低い食生活は栄養不良・微量栄養素不足・肥満率の上昇等をもたらし、COVID-19感染による入院・死亡率上昇のリスクを高めます。我々のフードシステムは、栄養的視点から人類を持続的に支えることに失敗しているのみならず、未だかつてない生物多様性の喪失、環境汚染、水不足を引き起こす環境劣化において単一で最大の要因となっています。2019年、「EAT-Lancet委員会―人新世*におけるフード：持続的フードシステムからの健康な食生活」は、プラネタリー・ヘルス・ダイエット (地球にとって健康な食事；the planetary health diet)を提唱しました。プラネタリー・ヘルス・ダイエットは、豆類・ナッツ・魚・全粒穀物に加え、たくさんの果物や野菜の摂取を推奨する一方、動物由来の食物（高所得国）・過度に加工された食品・遊離糖類(蜂蜜やシロップ、果汁に存在する糖類および食品・飲料に添加する糖類：free sugars)の摂取量削減を呼び掛けています。さらに著者らは、農業慣行の変革・食生活パターンの変更・各分野におけるフードロスの大幅な変化がなければ、パリ協定**の目標を達成することは不可能であるとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国連気候変動枠組条約締約国会議(通称COP)25期間中に意識調査を実施し、COP25全参加者の1％に相当する278の回答結果***についてCOVID-19の点も踏まえて整理し、以下の提言がまとめられました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E気候変動交渉における保健医療問題の重要性が増しており、パリ協定を満たす上で、各国が自主的に決定する貢献(Nationally Determined Contributions :NDCs)に食生活の変化を含むフードシステムを含めるべきです。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E「農業に関するコロニビア共同作業」****ワークショップの始動を受けて、UNFCCCは気候変動交渉において農業問題を取り上げるべきです。このワークショップでは食料生産慣行のみに着目していますが、パリ協定の達成には大幅な食生活習慣の変化なしに困難です。したがって、UNFCCCの農業、林業およびその他土地利用(Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use)において、食料生産・フードロス問題・食生活の変化を含むべきです。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E現在かつ将来のUNFCCCの食事を伴うイベントの場で、持続的な食生活の例を示してほしい。グラスゴーで開催されるCOP26は、好例を示すよい機会であると言えます。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E* 人新世(Wikipedia) - 人新世（じんしんせい、ひとしんせい、英: Anthropocene）とは、人類が地球の地質や生態系に重大な影響を与える発端を起点として提案された、想定上の地質時代。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E**パリ協定： 2015年にパリで開かれたCOPで合意され、世界の平均気温上昇を産業革命以前に比べて2℃より十分低く保ち、1.5℃に抑えるため、温室効果ガス排出量を削減することを目指す。京都議定書が先進国のミニトップダウンで排出削減目標が課せられたのに対し、パリ協定では公平性および実効性の観点から、途上国を含む全ての参加国に自主的な取り組み(Nationally Determined Contributions: NDCs)を促すアプローチが採用されている。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*** 意識調査結果（84か国の代表、うち210がNGO代表者、57がparty delegates、11が国連機関の代表者による回答）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E****「農業に関するコロニビア共同作業」2017年のCOP23で採択され、気候変動に対応した技術開発やその普及の推進を目的とする。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGralak S, Spajic L, Blom I, et al. COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UNFCCC. \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(20)30163-7/fulltext\u0022\u003ELancet Planet Health 2020; 4: e309–11\u003C/a\u003E. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(20)30163-7/fulltext\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(20)30163-7/fulltext\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;August\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;issue, the\u0026nbsp;Lancet Planet Health\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an article entitled \u0022\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 and the future of food systems at the\u0026nbsp;UNFCCC”.\u0026nbsp;The two crises, the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate crisis, both impact the most vulnerable societies, highlighting the need\u0026nbsp;for a\u0026nbsp;global food systems transformation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn consideration of COVID-19, the following recommendations have been put together\u0026nbsp;based on a\u0026nbsp;survey conducted during the\u0026nbsp;UN Climate Change Conference\u0026nbsp;COP25:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EHealth care issues are becoming increasingly important in climate change negotiations, and nationally determined contributions (NDCs) should include food systems that include dietary changes in\u0026nbsp;order to meet\u0026nbsp;the Paris Agreement.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EUNFCCC should address agricultural issues in climate change negotiations following the launch of the\u0026nbsp;Koronivia workshops\u0026nbsp;(The Koronivia\u0026nbsp;Joint\u0026nbsp;Work on\u0026nbsp;Agriculture\u0026nbsp;is a landmark decision recognizing the role of agriculture in tackling climate change.).\u0026nbsp;This workshop focuses only on food production practices, but achieving the Paris Agreement is difficult without significant changes in eating habits. Therefore,\u0026nbsp;negotiations related to\u0026nbsp;Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use\u0026nbsp;at\u0026nbsp;the UNFCCC should include food production, food lossand waste, and dietary changes.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003EUNFCCC should\u0026nbsp;mandate that catering at all current and future events follows the latest guidance on healthy and sustainable diets.\u0026nbsp;COP26 in Glasgow is a good time to set a good example.\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGralak S, Spajic L, Blom I, et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(20)30163-7/fulltext\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 and the future of food systems at the UNFCCC\u003C/a\u003E. Lancet Planet Health 2020; 4: e309–11.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200903_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200904#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-04", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "124: From Farm to Fork: How Food Systems can Power Climate Action", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "124: From Farm to Fork: How Food Systems can Power Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On September 1, 2020, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), non-profit organizations EAT and Climate Focus published a report “Enhancing Nationally Determined Contributions for Food Systems” providing measures that each country should adopt so as not to miss opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In developed countries such as the G20, more ambitious targets should be set in the food consumption and disposal sector, whereas in developing countries with food security challenges, it is necessary to support the establishment of sustainable and robust food systems.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 1, 2020, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), non-profit organizations EAT and Climate Focus published a report “Enhancing Nationally Determined Contributions for Food Systems” providing measures that each country should adopt so as not to miss opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In developed countries such as the G20, more ambitious targets should be set in the food consumption and disposal sector, whereas in developing countries with food security challenges, it is necessary to support the establishment of sustainable and robust food systems.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 1, 2020, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), non-profit organizations\u0026nbsp;EAT\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Climate Focus\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;a report\u0026nbsp;“Enhancing Nationally Determined Contributions for Food Systems”\u0026nbsp;providing\u0026nbsp;measures that each country should adopt so as not to miss opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In developed countries such as the G20, more ambitious targets should be set in the food consumption and disposal sector, whereas in developing countries with food security challenges, it is necessary to support the establishment of sustainable and robust food systems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report proposes the following recommendations for decision-makers:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003EProduction\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced land-use change and conversion of natural habitats\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eefficient cropland management (e.g. crop rotation and cover crop)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced emissions from rice paddies\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eagroforestry systems\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eimproved synthetic fertilizer production and use\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced or zero tillage\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ediversified crop systems\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduce emissions from livestock (enteric fermentation and manure)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eimproved management of pasture and grazing land\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003EProcessing, storage and transport\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eimproved handling and storage of food\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced food waste\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003EConsumption and diets\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduce food waste by consumers and retailers\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Erelevant for foods with high-imported emissions\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduce consumption of emissions-intensive food\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eincrease consumption of healthy and sustainable food\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available here:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIngrid Schulte, et al. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/33597/ndcf.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003EENHANCING NDCS FOR FOOD SYSTEMS ECOMMENDATIONS FOR DECISION-MAKERS\u003C/a\u003E. WWF Germany \u0026amp; WWF Food Practice\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1071412\u0022\u003EFrom farm to fork: How food systems can power climate action\u003C/a\u003E. September 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 1, 2020, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), non-profit organizations\u0026nbsp;EAT\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Climate Focus\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;a report\u0026nbsp;“Enhancing Nationally Determined Contributions for Food Systems”\u0026nbsp;providing\u0026nbsp;measures that each country should adopt so as not to miss opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In developed countries such as the G20, more ambitious targets should be set in the food consumption and disposal sector, whereas in developing countries with food security challenges, it is necessary to support the establishment of sustainable and robust food systems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report proposes the following recommendations for decision-makers:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003EProduction\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced land-use change and conversion of natural habitats\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eefficient cropland management (e.g. crop rotation and cover crop)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced emissions from rice paddies\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eagroforestry systems\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eimproved synthetic fertilizer production and use\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced or zero tillage\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ediversified crop systems\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduce emissions from livestock (enteric fermentation and manure)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eimproved management of pasture and grazing land\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003EProcessing, storage and transport\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eimproved handling and storage of food\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced food waste\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003EConsumption and diets\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduce food waste by consumers and retailers\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Erelevant for foods with high-imported emissions\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduce consumption of emissions-intensive food\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eincrease consumption of healthy and sustainable food\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available here:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIngrid Schulte, et al. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/33597/ndcf.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003EENHANCING NDCS FOR FOOD SYSTEMS ECOMMENDATIONS FOR DECISION-MAKERS\u003C/a\u003E. WWF Germany \u0026amp; WWF Food Practice\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1071412\u0022\u003EFrom farm to fork: How food systems can power climate action\u003C/a\u003E. September 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200904#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-04", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "124: Farm to Fork（農場から食卓まで）: フードシステムを通じた気候変動対策強化", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "124: From Farm to Fork: How Food Systems can Power Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月1日、国連環境計画(UNEP)・世界自然保護基金(WWF)・非営利組織であるEAT・Climate Focusは、報告書「フードシステムのため各国による自主的な取り組みを強化せよ」を公表し、温室効果ガス排出削減機会を逃さないよう、各国が採択すべき対策について提案しました。G20のような先進国では食品消費・廃棄分野でより野心的なターゲットを設定すべきなのに対し、食料安全保障に課題を抱える途上国では持続的で強靭なフードシステム構築への支援が必要です。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 1, 2020, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), non-profit organizations EAT and Climate Focus published a report “Enhancing Nationally Determined Contributions for Food Systems” providing measures that each country should adopt so as not to miss opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In developed countries such as the G20, more ambitious targets should be set in the food consumption and disposal sector, whereas in developing countries with food security challenges, it is necessary to support the establishment of sustainable and robust food systems.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月1日、国連環境計画(UNEP)・世界自然保護基金(WWF)・非営利組織であるEAT・Climate Focusは、報告書「フードシステムのため各国による自主的な取り組み*を強化せよ Enhancing Nationally Determined Contributions for Food Systems」を公表し、温室効果ガス排出削減機会を逃さないよう、各国が採択すべき対策について提案しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eグローバル・フードシステムは、生物多様性の喪失・土地利用の転換・水資源の枯渇・陸水域生態系の汚染の主要な要因となっています。世界の温室効果ガス排出の24％は、農業・林業及びその他土地利用(AFOLU)が占めます。さらに、生産だけでなく輸送・加工・消費・フードロスも含めたフードシステムに関わる活動では、人為的な温室効果ガス排出の21－37％を占めると推計されています。今日の食料生産・消費慣行に変化がなければ、1.5℃目標の排出上限に到達し、2050年までに「プラネタリー・バウンダリー」で示された領域の殆どで限界を超えてしまうでしょう。食生活および食品廃棄物・フードロスは、現在の気候変動交渉の場で殆ど話題にされませんが、これらを議論に含めることで、フードシステムからの気候変動緩和および適応への貢献を25％近く向上できることが期待されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2015年に採択された気候変動に関する国際的枠組みであるパリ協定のもとでは、5年ごとに各国が温室効果ガス排出削減と気候変動適応のための自主的な取り組み (Nationally Determined Contributions: NDCs)を見直すことになっており、2021年がそのタイミングです。したがって2020年の今、政策関係者にとって、「フードシステム・アプローチ」の観点から温室効果ガス排出削減できる解決法を提示し、野心的な目標を設定するチャンスです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E食料の生産・加工・流通・調理・消費に関わる全ての要素や活動を包括するフードシステムは、世界の温室効果ガス排出の最大37％を占めるため、排出削減の大きなカギを握っています。土地利用の変化や食料生産レベルでの緩和策により、二酸化炭素換算で毎年7.2Gt、食品廃棄物・フードロスの削減と持続的で健康的な食生活へのシフトにより毎年1.8Gtの排出削減が世界で見込まれ、2050年の1.5℃目標達成に必要な緩和規模の20％に貢献することが期待されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E各国が対策を検討する上で、各国の農業生産システム・食料嗜好・都市化・インフラなどに応じて、食料・農業セクターの各段階からの排出水準が大きく異なることに留意すべきです。また、各国の事情と優先事項も異なります。例えば、食料消費や食品廃棄からの排出の大部分を占めるG20のような先進国では、こうした分野でより野心的な目標を設定すべきです。対照的に、食料安全保障に課題を抱える途上国では、持続的で強靭なフードシステム構築への支援が必要です。さらに、フードシステムは気候変動適応の観点からも重要です。現在のフードシステムは、異常気象の頻発化による影響を受けており、途上国で自給自足的な生活を送る農民は、気候変動によりさらなる貧困に陥るリスクに直面しています。クライメートスマート・保全農業やフードシステムの多様化へのシフト、持続的で健康な食生活への転換は、排出削減に貢献するだけでなくフードシステムの強靭化に貢献します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書は、次の対応策について提案しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003E生産レベル\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E土地利用変化・自然生態系の転換の削減　reduced land-use change and conversion of natural habitats\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E効率的な栽培管理（土壌炭素・保水力改善）efficient cropland management (e.g. crop rotation and cover crop)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E水田からの排出削減 reduced emissions from rice paddies\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eアグロフォレストリー・システム agroforestry systems\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E化学肥料の生産・利用効率の改善 improved synthetic fertilizer production and use\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E節減・不耕起栽培 reduced or zero tillage\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E多様化作物システム diversified crop systems\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E家畜生産(消化管内発酵と堆肥)からの排出削減 reduce emissions from livestock (enteric fermentation and manure)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E牧草地管理の改善 (improved management of pasture and grazing land)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003E加工・貯蔵・輸送\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E食品処理・貯蔵 (improved handling and storage of food)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E食品廃棄物の削減 (reduced food waste)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003E消費・食生活\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E消費者・小売業者による食品廃棄物の削減 (reduce food waste by consumers and retailers)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E森林破壊・土地利用変化にかかわる輸出商品作物(パーム油・大豆・牛肉・木材製品等)に代わる地域食品 (relevant for foods with high-imported emissions)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E排出量の高い食品消費の削減 (reduce consumption of emissions-intensive food)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E健康で持続的な食品消費へのシフト (increase consumption of healthy and sustainable food)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*2015年パリで開かれた国連気候変動枠組条約締約国会議(COP)で合意されたパリ協定において、世界の平均気温上昇を産業革命以前に比べて2℃より十分低く保ち、1.5℃に抑えるため、途上国を含む全ての参加国に求められる自主的な取り組み(Nationally Determined Contributions: NDCs)を促すアプローチ\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News, From farm to fork: How food systems can power climate action. September 1, 2020. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1071412\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIngrid Schulte, et al. 2020. ENHANCING NDCS FOR FOOD SYSTEMS ECOMMENDATIONS FOR DECISION-MAKERS. WWF Germany \u0026amp; WWF Food Practice https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/33597/ndcf.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/33594/FSS.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 1, 2020, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), non-profit organizations\u0026nbsp;EAT\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Climate Focus\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;a report\u0026nbsp;“Enhancing Nationally Determined Contributions for Food Systems”\u0026nbsp;providing\u0026nbsp;measures that each country should adopt so as not to miss opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In developed countries such as the G20, more ambitious targets should be set in the food consumption and disposal sector, whereas in developing countries with food security challenges, it is necessary to support the establishment of sustainable and robust food systems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report proposes the following recommendations for decision-makers:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003EProduction\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced land-use change and conversion of natural habitats\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eefficient cropland management (e.g. crop rotation and cover crop)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced emissions from rice paddies\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eagroforestry systems\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eimproved synthetic fertilizer production and use\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced or zero tillage\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ediversified crop systems\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduce emissions from livestock (enteric fermentation and manure)\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eimproved management of pasture and grazing land\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003EProcessing, storage and transport\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eimproved handling and storage of food\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduced food waste\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cu\u003EConsumption and diets\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduce food waste by consumers and retailers\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Erelevant for foods with high-imported emissions\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Ereduce consumption of emissions-intensive food\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eincrease consumption of healthy and sustainable food\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available here:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIngrid Schulte, et al. 2020. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/33597/ndcf.pdf?sequence=1\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022\u003EENHANCING NDCS FOR FOOD SYSTEMS ECOMMENDATIONS FOR DECISION-MAKERS\u003C/a\u003E. WWF Germany \u0026amp; WWF Food Practice\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News, \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1071412\u0022\u003EFrom farm to fork: How food systems can power climate action\u003C/a\u003E. September 1, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200904_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200908_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "125. Visual Capitalist: 3D Mapping the Largest Population Density Centers", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "125. Visual Capitalist: 3D Mapping the Largest Population Density Centers", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On August 21, 2020, Visual Capitalist, an online publisher on topics such as markets, technology, energy and the global economy, introduced 3D mapping of the largest population density centers. The maps visualize population density in squares, with the height of each bar representing the number of people living in that specific square. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 21, 2020, Visual Capitalist, an online publisher on topics such as markets, technology, energy and the global economy, introduced 3D mapping of the largest population density centers. The maps visualize population density in squares, with the height of each bar representing the number of people living in that specific square. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 21, 2020, Visual Capitalist, an online publisher\u0026nbsp;on topics\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;markets, technology, energy and the global economy,introduced 3D mapping of\u0026nbsp;the largest population\u0026nbsp;density\u0026nbsp;centers. The\u0026nbsp;maps visualize population density in squares, with\u0026nbsp;the height of each bar representing\u0026nbsp;the number of people living in that specific square.\u0026nbsp;This tool\u0026nbsp;provides a clear picture of\u0026nbsp;the distribution and geographical constraints of nearly 7.8 billion\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;that affect food supply and demand,\u0026nbsp;and could be used as a\u0026nbsp;reference for sustainable development.\u0026nbsp;This tool\u0026nbsp;provides a clear picture of\u0026nbsp;the distribution and geographical constraints of nearly 7.8 billion\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;that affect food supply and demand,\u0026nbsp;and could be used as a\u0026nbsp;reference for sustainable development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA detailed description of the the 3D Mapping tool is available at the links below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVisual Capitalist. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.visualcapitalist.com/3d-mapping-the-worlds-largest-population-densities/\u0022\u003E3D Mapping The Largest Population Density Centers\u003C/a\u003E August 21, 2020By Omri Wallach \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVisual Capitalist. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.visualcapitalist.com/world-population-2100-country/\u0022\u003EThe World Population in 2100, by Country\u003C/a\u003E September 2, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 21, 2020, Visual Capitalist, an online publisher\u0026nbsp;on topics\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;markets, technology, energy and the global economy,introduced 3D mapping of\u0026nbsp;the largest population\u0026nbsp;density\u0026nbsp;centers. The\u0026nbsp;maps visualize population density in squares, with\u0026nbsp;the height of each bar representing\u0026nbsp;the number of people living in that specific square.\u0026nbsp;This tool\u0026nbsp;provides a clear picture of\u0026nbsp;the distribution and geographical constraints of nearly 7.8 billion\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;that affect food supply and demand,\u0026nbsp;and could be used as a\u0026nbsp;reference for sustainable development.\u0026nbsp;This tool\u0026nbsp;provides a clear picture of\u0026nbsp;the distribution and geographical constraints of nearly 7.8 billion\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;that affect food supply and demand,\u0026nbsp;and could be used as a\u0026nbsp;reference for sustainable development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA detailed description of the the 3D Mapping tool is available at the links below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVisual Capitalist. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.visualcapitalist.com/3d-mapping-the-worlds-largest-population-densities/\u0022\u003E3D Mapping The Largest Population Density Centers\u003C/a\u003E August 21, 2020By Omri Wallach \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVisual Capitalist. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.visualcapitalist.com/world-population-2100-country/\u0022\u003EThe World Population in 2100, by Country\u003C/a\u003E September 2, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200907#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "125. Visual Capitalist: 3Dマッピングが示す高人口密度地域分布", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "125. Visual Capitalist: 3D Mapping the Largest Population Density Centers", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年8月21日、Visual Capitalistにて、高人口密度地域の３D人口マッピング地図が紹介されました。食料需給に影響を与える78億人近い世界人口の分布と地理的制約の把握を直感的に可能にするこのツールは、持続可能な開発を目指す上で参考になります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On August 21, 2020, Visual Capitalist, an online publisher on topics such as markets, technology, energy and the global economy, introduced 3D mapping of the largest population density centers. The maps visualize population density in squares, with the height of each bar representing the number of people living in that specific square. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年8月21日、Visual Capitalistにて、\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.visualcapitalist.com/3d-mapping-the-worlds-largest-population-densities/\u0022\u003E高人口密度地域の３D人口マッピング地図\u003C/a\u003E（3D Mapping）が紹介されました。これらの地図における棒グラフは面積当たりの居住人口を表しており、人口密度の高いクラスターがくっきりと示されています。食料需給に影響を与える78億人近い世界人口の分布と地理的制約の把握を直感的に可能にするこのツールは、持続可能な開発を目指す上で大変参考になります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E中国では、香港・広州・上海の人口密度の高さは知られていても、例えば四川盆地の成都や重慶といった中国内陸部の人口集中には驚きを受けるかもしれません。興味深いことに、中国人口の93％以上は海岸が近い東半分に居住しており、韓国や台湾でも同様で西海岸沿いに人口クラスターが形成されています。アメリカも海岸地域に大きな人口クラスターが見られますが、アジアに比べ、スプロール現象（都市が周辺への無秩序な拡大する現象）が見られます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eインドと東南アジアに関しては、狭い範囲で非常に高い人口密度が観察されます。インドの13.8億の人口は中国国土の3分の1程の面積、それもインドの北側に集中しています。ムンバイ、ニューデリー、カルカッタ、バングラデッシュのダッカなどでクラスターが見られ、膨大な人々の集中により、高い人口密度を示す棒グラフが密となって複数の「ピーク」を形成しているように見えます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E地理的な制約は人口密度の最大の決定要因となりますが、とりわけ東南アジアでは明らかです。例えば、世界第4位の人口を抱えるインドネシアは多くの島を持つにもかかわらず、2.69億人の人口の半分以上がジャワ島でクラスターを形成しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E9月2日には、\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.visualcapitalist.com/world-population-2100-country/\u0022\u003E同サイト\u003C/a\u003Eにて、\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200729\u0022\u003EThe Lancet誌で公表された最新の世界人口予測\u003C/a\u003Eを\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190618\u0022\u003E国連世界人口予測\u003C/a\u003Eと比較した図も紹介されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVisual Capitalist. 3D Mapping The Largest Population Density Centers August 21, 2020By Omri Wallach\u0026nbsp; https://www.visualcapitalist.com/3d-mapping-the-worlds-largest-population-densities/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVisual Capitalist. The World Population in 2100, by Country September 2, 2020 https://www.visualcapitalist.com/world-population-2100-country/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E97. The Lancet: 195か国・地域を対象とした2017年から2100年の出生率・死亡率・国際移動・人口シナリオ https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200729　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際連合「世界人口予測 ・2019年版 [United Nations (2019). World Population Prospects 2019]」概要 https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20190618\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn August 21, 2020, Visual Capitalist, an online publisher\u0026nbsp;on topics\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;markets, technology, energy and the global economy,introduced 3D mapping of\u0026nbsp;the largest population\u0026nbsp;density\u0026nbsp;centers. The\u0026nbsp;maps visualize population density in squares, with\u0026nbsp;the height of each bar representing\u0026nbsp;the number of people living in that specific square.\u0026nbsp;This tool\u0026nbsp;provides a clear picture of\u0026nbsp;the distribution and geographical constraints of nearly 7.8 billion\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;that affect food supply and demand,\u0026nbsp;and could be used as a\u0026nbsp;reference for sustainable development.\u0026nbsp;This tool\u0026nbsp;provides a clear picture of\u0026nbsp;the distribution and geographical constraints of nearly 7.8 billion\u0026nbsp;people\u0026nbsp;that affect food supply and demand,\u0026nbsp;and could be used as a\u0026nbsp;reference for sustainable development.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EA detailed description of the the 3D Mapping tool is available at the links below.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVisual Capitalist. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.visualcapitalist.com/3d-mapping-the-worlds-largest-population-densities/\u0022\u003E3D Mapping The Largest Population Density Centers\u003C/a\u003E August 21, 2020By Omri Wallach \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EVisual Capitalist. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.visualcapitalist.com/world-population-2100-country/\u0022\u003EThe World Population in 2100, by Country\u003C/a\u003E September 2, 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200907_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200908#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "126. Joseph Stiglitz—Conquering the Great Divide", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "126. Joseph Stiglitz—Conquering the Great Divide", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In the fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026 Development magazine of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Professor and 2001 Nobel laureate in economics, Joseph Stiglitz shared his views on COVID-19 pandemic in an article entitled “Conquering the Great Divide”. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026 Development magazine of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Professor and 2001 Nobel laureate in economics, Joseph Stiglitz shared his views on COVID-19 pandemic in an article entitled “Conquering the Great Divide”. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the\u0026nbsp;fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026amp; Development magazine of\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;International Monetary Fund (IMF),\u0026nbsp;Professor\u0026nbsp;and 2001\u0026nbsp;Nobel\u0026nbsp;laureate in economics,\u0026nbsp;Joseph Stiglitz\u0026nbsp;shared his views on COVID-19 pandemic in an article entitled “Conquering the Great Divide”. The pandemic\u0026nbsp;will not be\u0026nbsp;controlled\u0026nbsp;unless it is\u0026nbsp;controlled\u0026nbsp;everywhere. If it continues for a long time, the\u0026nbsp;global inequalities will grow and there will be global divergence.\u0026nbsp;Action should be taken from now on, including\u0026nbsp;assistance\u0026nbsp;from developed countries to developing and emerging countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJoseph Stiglitz \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/09/COVID19-and-global-inequality-joseph-stiglitz.htm\u0022\u003ECONQUERING THE GREAT DIVIDE\u003C/a\u003E. FD Finance \u0026amp; Development Fall 2020 Issue. International Monetary Fund.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the\u0026nbsp;fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026amp; Development magazine of\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;International Monetary Fund (IMF),\u0026nbsp;Professor\u0026nbsp;and 2001\u0026nbsp;Nobel\u0026nbsp;laureate in economics,\u0026nbsp;Joseph Stiglitz\u0026nbsp;shared his views on COVID-19 pandemic in an article entitled “Conquering the Great Divide”. The pandemic\u0026nbsp;will not be\u0026nbsp;controlled\u0026nbsp;unless it is\u0026nbsp;controlled\u0026nbsp;everywhere. If it continues for a long time, the\u0026nbsp;global inequalities will grow and there will be global divergence.\u0026nbsp;Action should be taken from now on, including\u0026nbsp;assistance\u0026nbsp;from developed countries to developing and emerging countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJoseph Stiglitz \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/09/COVID19-and-global-inequality-joseph-stiglitz.htm\u0022\u003ECONQUERING THE GREAT DIVIDE\u003C/a\u003E. FD Finance \u0026amp; Development Fall 2020 Issue. International Monetary Fund.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200908#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "126. ジョセフ・スティグリッツ―大格差時代の克服にむけて", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "126. Joseph Stiglitz—Conquering the Great Divide", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際通貨基金(IMF)のFinance \u0026 Development誌2020年秋号にて、2001年ノーベル経済学賞受賞の経済学者Joseph Stiglitz教授が論考「大格差時代の克服に向けて」を寄せました。新型コロナウイルス感染症のパンデミックは世界中のありとあらゆる場所で制圧されなければ収束できず、長引けば世界の格差は拡大し、社会の分断が進むでしょう。先進国による途上国や新興国への支援を含め、今からでもアクションを起こすべきです。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026 Development magazine of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Professor and 2001 Nobel laureate in economics, Joseph Stiglitz shared his views on COVID-19 pandemic in an article entitled “Conquering the Great Divide”. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E国際通貨基金(IMF)のFinance \u0026amp; Development誌2020年秋号にて、2001年ノーベル経済学賞受賞の経済学者Joseph Stiglitz教授が論考「大格差時代の克服に向けて Conquering the Great Divide」を寄せました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックは、社会に大きな格差を刻み込んでいます。健康に問題を抱えている人や、日常的に他人に接触する機会の多い人ほど、COVID-19の影響を受けています。これは貧困国に限られたことでなく、先進国にもかかわらず医療システムへのアクセスが保障されていないアメリカの貧困層が必要以上にリスクにさらされていることを意味します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E先進国でも所得格差の解消が求められますが、このパンデミックは世界中のありとあらゆる場所で制圧されなければ収束できず、経済も世界的に堅調な回復が保証されるまで復活することはないでしょう。先進国による途上国や新興国が必要としている支援は、人道的な関心だけでなく、自国の利益にもなるのです。協力がなければ、世界的なパンデミックは長引くことになり、世界の格差は拡大し社会の分断が進むでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eパンデミックはしばらく我々の生活に影響を与え続けるでしょう。そしてその影響を受けて経済危機はさらに長引くことが予想されます。今からでもアクションを起こすのは遅くはありません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJoseph Stiglitz CONQUERING THE GREAT DIVIDE. FD Finance \u0026amp; Development Fall 2020 Issue. International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/09/COVID19-and-global-inequality-joseph-stiglitz.htm\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the\u0026nbsp;fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026amp; Development magazine of\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;International Monetary Fund (IMF),\u0026nbsp;Professor\u0026nbsp;and 2001\u0026nbsp;Nobel\u0026nbsp;laureate in economics,\u0026nbsp;Joseph Stiglitz\u0026nbsp;shared his views on COVID-19 pandemic in an article entitled “Conquering the Great Divide”. The pandemic\u0026nbsp;will not be\u0026nbsp;controlled\u0026nbsp;unless it is\u0026nbsp;controlled\u0026nbsp;everywhere. If it continues for a long time, the\u0026nbsp;global inequalities will grow and there will be global divergence.\u0026nbsp;Action should be taken from now on, including\u0026nbsp;assistance\u0026nbsp;from developed countries to developing and emerging countries.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJoseph Stiglitz \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/09/COVID19-and-global-inequality-joseph-stiglitz.htm\u0022\u003ECONQUERING THE GREAT DIVIDE\u003C/a\u003E. FD Finance \u0026amp; Development Fall 2020 Issue. International Monetary Fund.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200908_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200910_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "127. Biofortification: Benefiting More Than 42 Million People in 63 Countries", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "127. Biofortification: Benefiting More Than 42 Million People in 63 Countries", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "One of the solutions to combat the deficiencies of micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals is biofortification. Biofortification, unlike supplement intake and nutrient addition to foods, is an effort to promote intake of micronutrients by making crops with a high content of micronutrients that tend to be deficient in the area. HarvestPlus, one of the pioneers of biofortification, released a updated global map of biofortified staple crops showing that 63 countries have released or tested biofortified varieties as of the end of 2019.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "One of the solutions to combat the deficiencies of micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals is biofortification. Biofortification, unlike supplement intake and nutrient addition to foods, is an effort to promote intake of micronutrients by making crops with a high content of micronutrients that tend to be deficient in the area. HarvestPlus, one of the pioneers of biofortification, released a updated global map of biofortified staple crops showing that 63 countries have released or tested biofortified varieties as of the end of 2019.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOne of the solutions to combat the deficiencies of micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals is biofortification. Biofortification,\u0026nbsp;unlike supplement intake and nutrient addition to foods, is an effort to promote intake of micronutrients by making crops\u0026nbsp;with a high\u0026nbsp;content of micronutrients\u0026nbsp;that tend to be deficient in the area.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn September 2, 2020,\u0026nbsp;HarvestPlus, one of the\u0026nbsp;pioneers of\u0026nbsp;biofortification,\u0026nbsp;released an\u0026nbsp;update\u0026nbsp;of the global\u0026nbsp;map and\u0026nbsp;table showing the prevalence of biofortified\u0026nbsp;staple\u0026nbsp;crops.\u0026nbsp;As of\u0026nbsp;the end of 2019, 63 countries have released (r) or\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;testing (t) biofortified varieties.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe biofortified crop varieties are\u0026nbsp;promoted by HarvestPlus and the International Potato Center. These\u0026nbsp;varieties have been developed using traditional crop breeding techniques to enhance the nutritional value of staple foods that are widely consumed by low-income households in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Among the biofortified crops promoted are\u0026nbsp;vitamin A-fortified cassava,\u0026nbsp;maize and\u0026nbsp;sweet potato, iron-fortified beans and pearl millet,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;zinc-fortified rice, corn and wheat.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe global map and table of biofortified crops around the world is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/sites/default/files/Biofortified%20Crops%20Around%20the%20World.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/knowledge-market/in-the-news/biofortified-crops-map-and-new-table-show-global-reach-nutritious\u0022\u003EBiofortified Crops Map and New Table Show Global Reach Of Nutritious Staples\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on Sep 4, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOne of the solutions to combat the deficiencies of micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals is biofortification. Biofortification,\u0026nbsp;unlike supplement intake and nutrient addition to foods, is an effort to promote intake of micronutrients by making crops\u0026nbsp;with a high\u0026nbsp;content of micronutrients\u0026nbsp;that tend to be deficient in the area.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn September 2, 2020,\u0026nbsp;HarvestPlus, one of the\u0026nbsp;pioneers of\u0026nbsp;biofortification,\u0026nbsp;released an\u0026nbsp;update\u0026nbsp;of the global\u0026nbsp;map and\u0026nbsp;table showing the prevalence of biofortified\u0026nbsp;staple\u0026nbsp;crops.\u0026nbsp;As of\u0026nbsp;the end of 2019, 63 countries have released (r) or\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;testing (t) biofortified varieties.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe biofortified crop varieties are\u0026nbsp;promoted by HarvestPlus and the International Potato Center. These\u0026nbsp;varieties have been developed using traditional crop breeding techniques to enhance the nutritional value of staple foods that are widely consumed by low-income households in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Among the biofortified crops promoted are\u0026nbsp;vitamin A-fortified cassava,\u0026nbsp;maize and\u0026nbsp;sweet potato, iron-fortified beans and pearl millet,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;zinc-fortified rice, corn and wheat.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe global map and table of biofortified crops around the world is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/sites/default/files/Biofortified%20Crops%20Around%20the%20World.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/knowledge-market/in-the-news/biofortified-crops-map-and-new-table-show-global-reach-nutritious\u0022\u003EBiofortified Crops Map and New Table Show Global Reach Of Nutritious Staples\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on Sep 4, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200909#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "127. 生物学的栄養強化（biofortification）: 63か国4200万人以上に裨益", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "127. Biofortification: Benefiting More Than 42 Million People in 63 Countries", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "ビタミンやミネラルなどの微量栄養素不足の解決策の一つとして、生物学的栄養強化（biofortification）があります。生物学的栄養強化は、サプリメントの摂取や食品への栄養素添加とは異なり、作物自体をその地域で不足しがちな微量栄養素含有量の高い作物にすることで微量栄養素の摂取を促す取り組みです。この生物学的栄養強化にいち早く取り組んでいるHarvestPlusによると、2019年末までに、63か国が生物強化された品種をリリースまたはテストしています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "One of the solutions to combat the deficiencies of micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals is biofortification. Biofortification, unlike supplement intake and nutrient addition to foods, is an effort to promote intake of micronutrients by making crops with a high content of micronutrients that tend to be deficient in the area. HarvestPlus, one of the pioneers of biofortification, released a updated global map of biofortified staple crops showing that 63 countries have released or tested biofortified varieties as of the end of 2019.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eビタミンやミネラルなどの微量栄養素不足の解決策の一つとして、生物学的栄養強化（biofortification）というものがあります。生物学的栄養強化は、サプリメントの摂取や食品への栄養素添加とは異なり、作物自体をその地域で不足しがちな微量栄養素含有量の高い作物にすることで微量栄養素の摂取を促す取り組みです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこの生物学的栄養強化にいち早く取り組んでいるHarvestPlusは、生物学的栄養強化作物の国別の普及を示す表と地図を9月2日に更新しました。2019年末までに、63か国が生物強化された品種をリリース（r）またはテスト（t）しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E対象となっている作物の品種は、HarvestPlusや国際馬鈴薯センター（International Potato Center）によって奨励されています。これらの生物学的栄養強化品種は、アフリカ、アジア、ラテンアメリカの低所得世帯で広く消費されている主食の栄養価を高めるために、従来の作物育種技術を用いて開発されました。 HarvestPlusが奨励している作物には、ビタミンAを強化したキャッサバ、トウモロコシ、サツマイモ、鉄分を強化した豆やパールミレット、亜鉛を強化した米、トウモロコシ、小麦などがあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E栄養と農業の専門家が協力して、これらの作物に栄養と健康を改善するのに十分なレベルの栄養素が含まれるようにしています。栄養的に優れているだけでなく、美味しく調理上の要件を満たし、害虫、病気、干ばつへの耐性など農家が求める農業上の特徴も併せ持っています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現在までに4千2百万人以上の小規模農家が、HarvestPlusによって奨励された、従来の育種技術で開発された生物学的栄養強化作物の恩恵を受けています。これらの作物を定期的に食べることで栄養と健康状態が改善されます。生物学的栄養強化は微量栄養素欠乏症と戦う１つの戦略として多くの国で広く受け入れられてきているため、HarvestPlusは2030年までに10億人以上が生物強化食品から恩恵を受けることになると予測しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus (2020) Biofortified Crops Map and New Table Show Global Reach Of Nutritious Staples\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.harvestplus.org/knowledge-market/in-the-news/biofortified-crops-map-and-new-table-show-global-reach-nutritious\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[Accessed on Sep 4, 2020]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOne of the solutions to combat the deficiencies of micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals is biofortification. Biofortification,\u0026nbsp;unlike supplement intake and nutrient addition to foods, is an effort to promote intake of micronutrients by making crops\u0026nbsp;with a high\u0026nbsp;content of micronutrients\u0026nbsp;that tend to be deficient in the area.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn September 2, 2020,\u0026nbsp;HarvestPlus, one of the\u0026nbsp;pioneers of\u0026nbsp;biofortification,\u0026nbsp;released an\u0026nbsp;update\u0026nbsp;of the global\u0026nbsp;map and\u0026nbsp;table showing the prevalence of biofortified\u0026nbsp;staple\u0026nbsp;crops.\u0026nbsp;As of\u0026nbsp;the end of 2019, 63 countries have released (r) or\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;testing (t) biofortified varieties.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe biofortified crop varieties are\u0026nbsp;promoted by HarvestPlus and the International Potato Center. These\u0026nbsp;varieties have been developed using traditional crop breeding techniques to enhance the nutritional value of staple foods that are widely consumed by low-income households in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Among the biofortified crops promoted are\u0026nbsp;vitamin A-fortified cassava,\u0026nbsp;maize and\u0026nbsp;sweet potato, iron-fortified beans and pearl millet,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;zinc-fortified rice, corn and wheat.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe global map and table of biofortified crops around the world is available \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/sites/default/files/Biofortified%20Crops%20Around%20the%20World.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EHarvestPlus (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.harvestplus.org/knowledge-market/in-the-news/biofortified-crops-map-and-new-table-show-global-reach-nutritious\u0022\u003EBiofortified Crops Map and New Table Show Global Reach Of Nutritious Staples\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Accessed on Sep 4, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200909_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200910#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "128. Reset SDGs for a Pandemic World – Two-thirds of SDGs may not be achieved", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "128. Reset SDGs for a Pandemic World – Two-thirds of SDGs may not be achieved", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On July 9, 2020, a commentary article entitled \u0022Reset Sustainable Development Goals for the Pandemic World\u0022 by Robin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher was published in the international journal Nature. Due to the impacts of COVID-19, two-thirds of the 169 targets under SDGs are unlikely to be met by 2030, more so, 10% of the SDG targets could worsen the impact of future pandemics.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On July 9, 2020, a commentary article entitled \u0022Reset Sustainable Development Goals for the Pandemic World\u0022 by Robin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher was published in the international journal Nature. Due to the impacts of COVID-19, two-thirds of the 169 targets under SDGs are unlikely to be met by 2030, more so, 10% of the SDG targets could worsen the impact of future pandemics.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 9, 2020,\u0026nbsp;a commentary\u0026nbsp;article\u0026nbsp;entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022Reset Sustainable Development Goals for the Pandemic World\u0022 by Robin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher\u0026nbsp;was published in the international journal Nature. Due to the impacts\u0026nbsp;of COVID-19, two-thirds of the 169 targets\u0026nbsp;under SDGs\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;unlikely to be met\u0026nbsp;by 2030,\u0026nbsp;more so, 10% of the SDG targets could worsen the impact of future pandemics.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article can be accessed at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERobin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01999-x\u0022\u003ESustainable Development Goals: pandemic reset Reset Sustainable Development Goals for a pandemic world\u003C/a\u003E. Nature 583: 198-201\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 9, 2020,\u0026nbsp;a commentary\u0026nbsp;article\u0026nbsp;entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022Reset Sustainable Development Goals for the Pandemic World\u0022 by Robin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher\u0026nbsp;was published in the international journal Nature. Due to the impacts\u0026nbsp;of COVID-19, two-thirds of the 169 targets\u0026nbsp;under SDGs\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;unlikely to be met\u0026nbsp;by 2030,\u0026nbsp;more so, 10% of the SDG targets could worsen the impact of future pandemics.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article can be accessed at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERobin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01999-x\u0022\u003ESustainable Development Goals: pandemic reset Reset Sustainable Development Goals for a pandemic world\u003C/a\u003E. Nature 583: 198-201\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200910#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-10", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "128. 持続可能な開発目標をリセットせよ -国連が採択した開発目標の3分の2の達成できない可能性-", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "128. Reset SDGs for a Pandemic World – Two-thirds of SDGs may not be achieved", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年７月９日、Nature誌にて、Robin Naidoo氏およびBrendan Fisher氏の記事「パンデミック世界のために持続可能な開発目標をリセットせよ」が掲載されました。今回のCOVID-19の影響で、SDG目標の169のターゲットの3分の2は2030年までに達成できない可能性がさらに高くなっており、そのうち10％はさらに悪化する可能性があります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On July 9, 2020, a commentary article entitled \u0022Reset Sustainable Development Goals for the Pandemic World\u0022 by Robin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher was published in the international journal Nature. Due to the impacts of COVID-19, two-thirds of the 169 targets under SDGs are unlikely to be met by 2030, more so, 10% of the SDG targets could worsen the impact of future pandemics.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年７月９日、Nature誌にて、Robin Naidoo氏およびBrendan Fisher氏の記事「パンデミック世界のために持続可能な開発目標をリセットせよ」が掲載されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）の達成は、持続的な経済成長とグローバリゼーションという2つの大きな前提に依存しています。COVID-19はこれらを打ち砕きました。今年、世界経済は少なくとも5％の縮小が見込まれており、その回復には年単位を要します。国民をサポートするのに精一杯な先進国は、開発途上国を援助することは難しく、2021年には海外開発援助が250億米ドル減少する可能性があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今後10年間で、今回のパンデミックに加えて、生物多様性の悪化や喪失、気候変動による異常気象が頻発し、世界はさらなる危機に直面するでしょう。これらの問題に対処するためのコストの増大は、既存のSDGsへの資金を減少させることになります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESDGs達成へのスピードはこれまでも遅れ気味でしたが、今回のCOVID-19の影響で、SDG目標の169のターゲットの3分の2は2030年までに達成できない可能性がさらに高くなっており、そのうち10％はさらに悪化する可能性があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eでは何をすべきなのか？\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWin-Winを優先する。\u003C/strong\u003E資金難の国の政府は、いくつかの広範な戦略的目標に焦点を合わせる必要があります。非常に多くの多様なターゲットの中から優先順位をつけるべきかを決定する際に、政治家を補完すべきである。気候変動に関する政府間パネル（IPCC）の第5次評価報告書では、様々な科学的分野からの情報が、気候変動の緩和と適応の選択肢に関する困難な意思決定をどのように支援できるかが示されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E持続可能な開発と経済成長を切り離す。\u003C/strong\u003ECOVID-19は、グローバル化した経済とより持続可能な地球の実現に向けたグローバルな目標のストレステストです。グローバル金融機関が2008年のリーマンショックに直面して失敗し学んだ教訓にならなければなりません。SDGsの資金調達、監視、実施を改革する必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E資金調達をオーバーホールする。\u003C/strong\u003E世界の経済のパイを増やすことができないのであれば、さまざまな方法で対応しなければなりません。短期的な解決策は、OECD加盟国がSDGsの理念と反する企業の不正な引き受けを削減することです。たとえば、化石燃料産業への政府の助成金は、2015年に4.7兆ドル（世界のGDPの6.3％）に達しました。化石燃料への依存が続くと、持続可能なエネルギーや都市から気候変動や生物多様性の保全に至るまで、多くのSDGs目標への活動が制限されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E出展：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERobin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher (2020) Sustainable Development Goals: pandemic reset Reset Sustainable Development Goals for a pandemic world. Nature 583: 198-201\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19 is exposing the fragility of the goals adopted by the United Nations — two-thirds are now unlikely to be met. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01999-x\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（研究戦略室・金森紀仁）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn July 9, 2020,\u0026nbsp;a commentary\u0026nbsp;article\u0026nbsp;entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0022Reset Sustainable Development Goals for the Pandemic World\u0022 by Robin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher\u0026nbsp;was published in the international journal Nature. Due to the impacts\u0026nbsp;of COVID-19, two-thirds of the 169 targets\u0026nbsp;under SDGs\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;unlikely to be met\u0026nbsp;by 2030,\u0026nbsp;more so, 10% of the SDG targets could worsen the impact of future pandemics.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe article can be accessed at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERobin Naidoo and Brendan Fisher (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01999-x\u0022\u003ESustainable Development Goals: pandemic reset Reset Sustainable Development Goals for a pandemic world\u003C/a\u003E. Nature 583: 198-201\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200910_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200911#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-11", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "129. United Nations: United in Science 2020 ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "129. United Nations: United in Science 2020 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On September 9, 2020, a group of key global partner organizations of the United Nations led by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) jointly announced “United in Science 2020”, a multi-organization high-level compilation of the latest climate science information. With the spread of COVID-19, there is no sign that the progress of climate change has stopped, and the greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere continue to increase. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 9, 2020, a group of key global partner organizations of the United Nations led by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) jointly announced “United in Science 2020”, a multi-organization high-level compilation of the latest climate science information. With the spread of COVID-19, there is no sign that the progress of climate change has stopped, and the greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere continue to increase. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 9, 2020,\u0026nbsp;a group of key global partner organizations\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the United Nations led by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) jointly announced \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EUnited\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Science\u0026nbsp;2020\u003C/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;multi-organization high-level compilation of the latest climate science information.\u0026nbsp;With the spread of COVID-19, there is no sign that the progress of climate\u0026nbsp;change\u0026nbsp;has stopped,\u0026nbsp;and the greenhouse gas\u0026nbsp;concentrations\u0026nbsp;in the atmosphere continue\u0026nbsp;to increase. The\u0026nbsp;report highlights the irreversible impact of climate change and emphasizes the urgent need for action, such as technical solutions and changes in consumption patterns.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report is available electronically at\u0026nbsp;https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPress release 09 SEP 2020: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/united-science-report-climate-change-has-not-stopped-covid19　　\u0022\u003EUnited in Science report: Climate Change has not stopped for COVID19\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki and KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 9, 2020,\u0026nbsp;a group of key global partner organizations\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the United Nations led by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) jointly announced \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EUnited\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Science\u0026nbsp;2020\u003C/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;multi-organization high-level compilation of the latest climate science information.\u0026nbsp;With the spread of COVID-19, there is no sign that the progress of climate\u0026nbsp;change\u0026nbsp;has stopped,\u0026nbsp;and the greenhouse gas\u0026nbsp;concentrations\u0026nbsp;in the atmosphere continue\u0026nbsp;to increase. The\u0026nbsp;report highlights the irreversible impact of climate change and emphasizes the urgent need for action, such as technical solutions and changes in consumption patterns.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report is available electronically at\u0026nbsp;https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPress release 09 SEP 2020: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/united-science-report-climate-change-has-not-stopped-covid19　　\u0022\u003EUnited in Science report: Climate Change has not stopped for COVID19\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki and KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200911#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-11", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "129. 国連: 科学の下で団結せよ　United in Science 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "129. United Nations: United in Science 2020 ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月9日、世界気象機関(WMO)を中心とした国連機関は、最新の気候科学関連情報をまとめ、共同で「科学の下で団結せよ」を公表しました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の拡大に対し、気候変動の進行が停止する気配はなく、大気中の温室効果ガスの蓄積は続いています。本報告書は気候変動の不可逆的なインパクトにハイライトをあて、技術的な解決策や消費パターンの変更といった対策を早急に講じる必要性を強調しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 9, 2020, a group of key global partner organizations of the United Nations led by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) jointly announced “United in Science 2020”, a multi-organization high-level compilation of the latest climate science information. With the spread of COVID-19, there is no sign that the progress of climate change has stopped, and the greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere continue to increase. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月9日、世界気象機関(WMO)を中心とした国連機関*は、最新の気候科学関連情報をまとめ、共同で「科学の下で団結せよ United in Science 2020」を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の拡大に対し、気候変動の進行が停止する気配はなく、大気中の温室効果ガスの蓄積は続いています。ロックダウンや経済低迷による一時的な排出ガスの減少も見られたが、次第にパンデミック前の水準に戻りつつあります。過去5年間は史上最高気温が記録され、産業革命前と比べて気温上昇を2℃より低く、さらには1.5℃未満に抑制しようとする方向から逸れつつあります。本報告書は気候変動の不可逆的なインパクトにハイライトをあて、技術的な解決策や消費パターンの変更といった対策を早急に講じる必要性を強調しています。また、COVID-19により、３月以降は商業船舶の航行が滞り、気温や温室効果ガス排出量などを計測する海洋上の観測ネットワークの維持・継続に支障をきたしていることについても言及しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E主な調査結果：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E定点観測地における2020年7月大気中のCO2濃度は1年前に比べて上昇しています。（マウナロア（ハワイ）：411.74ppmから414.38ppm、グリム岬（タスマニア）：407.83ppm から410.04ppm）2019年の化石燃料からのCO2排出量は気候変動交渉開始時（1990年）より2％高い36.7ギガトン（Gt）の最高記録を達成しました。2020年の世界CO2排出量は4～7%の減少が予想されるものの、1日の排出量はCOVID-19以前に戻りつつあります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E現状から推定すると、2030年に地球温暖化を2℃以下に抑えるためのCO2の排出ギャップは12～15Gt、1.5℃目標では29～32Gtです。これは6大排出国の合計排出量に相当します。2016-2020年の世界平均気温は、基準である1850-1900年を約1.1℃上回ります。2011-2015年の平均気温よりも0.24℃高く、記録上最高気温になると予想されています。2050 年までに洪水の危険にさらされている人の数は、現在の 12 億人から 16 億人に増加すると予測されます。他方、2050年に深刻な水不足の地域に居住する人は、2010年代前半の19億人から27-32億人に増加するでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*世界気象機関（WMO）に加え、グローバルカーボンプロジェクト（GCP）、UNESCO政府間海洋学委員会（UNESCO-IOC）、気候変動に関する政府間パネル（IPCC）、国連環境計画（UNEP）、英国気象庁などが参加。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited in Science 2020: https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited in Science report: Climate Change has not stopped for COVID19　09 SEP 2020 PRESS RELEASE CLIMATE CHANGE　https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/united-science-report-climate-change-has-not-stopped-covid19　　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき、金森紀仁）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 9, 2020,\u0026nbsp;a group of key global partner organizations\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the United Nations led by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) jointly announced \u003Ca href=\u0022https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u0022\u003EUnited\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Science\u0026nbsp;2020\u003C/a\u003E,\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;multi-organization high-level compilation of the latest climate science information.\u0026nbsp;With the spread of COVID-19, there is no sign that the progress of climate\u0026nbsp;change\u0026nbsp;has stopped,\u0026nbsp;and the greenhouse gas\u0026nbsp;concentrations\u0026nbsp;in the atmosphere continue\u0026nbsp;to increase. The\u0026nbsp;report highlights the irreversible impact of climate change and emphasizes the urgent need for action, such as technical solutions and changes in consumption patterns.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report is available electronically at\u0026nbsp;https://public.wmo.int/en/resources/united_in_science\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPress release 09 SEP 2020: \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/press-release/united-science-report-climate-change-has-not-stopped-covid19　　\u0022\u003EUnited in Science report: Climate Change has not stopped for COVID19\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki and KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200911_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200915_6#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "130. Science Advances – A “Global Safety Net” to Reverse Biodiversity Loss and Stabilize Earth’s Climate ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "130. Science Advances – A “Global Safety Net” to Reverse Biodiversity Loss and Stabilize Earth’s Climate ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On September 4, 2020, a research article entitled - A “Global Safety Net” to Reverse Biodiversity Loss and Stabilize Earth’s Climate - was published in Science Advances. Conserving areas indicated on global safety nets can be expected to prevent further biodiversity loss and reduce the potential for zoonotic diseases such as COVID-19 from emerging in the future. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 4, 2020, a research article entitled - A “Global Safety Net” to Reverse Biodiversity Loss and Stabilize Earth’s Climate - was published in Science Advances. Conserving areas indicated on global safety nets can be expected to prevent further biodiversity loss and reduce the potential for zoonotic diseases such as COVID-19 from emerging in the future. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 4, 2020,\u0026nbsp;a research article entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;- A “Global Safety Net”\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;Reverse\u0026nbsp;Biodiversity Loss and\u0026nbsp;Stabilize Earth’s\u0026nbsp;Climate\u0026nbsp;-was published in Science Advances. Conserving areas indicated on global safety nets can\u0026nbsp;be expected to\u0026nbsp;prevent\u0026nbsp;further\u0026nbsp;biodiversity loss and reduce the\u0026nbsp;potential for\u0026nbsp;zoonotic\u0026nbsp;diseases\u0026nbsp;such as COVID-19\u0026nbsp;from emerging in the future.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe interactive maps\u0026nbsp;can be accessed from\u0026nbsp;the following links:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/viewer/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/rankings/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EE. Dinerstein et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/36/eabb2824\u0022\u003EA “Global Safety Net” to reverse biodiversity loss and stabilize Earth’s climate\u003C/a\u003E Science Advances\u0026nbsp; 04 Sep 2020: Vol. 6, no. 36, eabb2824 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb2824 https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/36/eabb2824\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 4, 2020,\u0026nbsp;a research article entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;- A “Global Safety Net”\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;Reverse\u0026nbsp;Biodiversity Loss and\u0026nbsp;Stabilize Earth’s\u0026nbsp;Climate\u0026nbsp;-was published in Science Advances. Conserving areas indicated on global safety nets can\u0026nbsp;be expected to\u0026nbsp;prevent\u0026nbsp;further\u0026nbsp;biodiversity loss and reduce the\u0026nbsp;potential for\u0026nbsp;zoonotic\u0026nbsp;diseases\u0026nbsp;such as COVID-19\u0026nbsp;from emerging in the future.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe interactive maps\u0026nbsp;can be accessed from\u0026nbsp;the following links:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/viewer/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/rankings/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EE. Dinerstein et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/36/eabb2824\u0022\u003EA “Global Safety Net” to reverse biodiversity loss and stabilize Earth’s climate\u003C/a\u003E Science Advances\u0026nbsp; 04 Sep 2020: Vol. 6, no. 36, eabb2824 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb2824 https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/36/eabb2824\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200914#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "130. Science Advances. 生物多様性喪失と気候変動悪化を食い止める“グローバル・セーフティーネット”", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "130. Science Advances – A “Global Safety Net” to Reverse Biodiversity Loss and Stabilize Earth’s Climate ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月4日、Science Advances誌にて、論文「生物多様性喪失と気候変動悪化を食い止める“グローバル・セーフティーネット”」が公表されました。グローバル・セーフティ・ネットで示された地域を保全することで、生物多様性の喪失を防ぐことができ、COVID-19のような人獣共通感染症による医療危機の発現可能性を削減することが期待されます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 4, 2020, a research article entitled - A “Global Safety Net” to Reverse Biodiversity Loss and Stabilize Earth’s Climate - was published in Science Advances. Conserving areas indicated on global safety nets can be expected to prevent further biodiversity loss and reduce the potential for zoonotic diseases such as COVID-19 from emerging in the future. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月4日、Science Advances誌にて、論文「生物多様性喪失と気候変動悪化を食い止める“グローバル・セーフティーネット”　A “Global Safety Net” to reverse biodiversity loss and stabilize Earth’s climate」が公表されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E生物多様性喪失と気候変動を食い止めるための世界戦略は、二つの危機が密接に関わっているにもかかわらずバラバラに議論され、その結果失敗するリスクが存在します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eグローバル・セーフティ・ネットは生物多様性の保全と気候の安定化のために必要とされる自然保護地域を指し、自然保護によって、さらなる生物資源喪失・土地利用変化からの二酸化炭素排出を回避することが可能となります。現在保護されている地球上の陸地の15.1%に加えて、さらに35.3%を合わせた50.4%相当の陸地の保全を必要としており、50のエコリージョン*と20か国が提案された目標達成の対象地域になります。グローバル・セーフティ・ネットで示された地域を保全することで、生物多様性の喪失を防ぐことができ、COVID-19のような人獣共通感染症による医療危機の発現可能性を削減することが期待されます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E次のリンクから、インターアクティブ・マップを見ることが可能です(ネットワーク環境によるようです)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/viewer/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/rankings/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*エコリージョン（Wikipedia）: 生物地理区より小さな生物地理学的地域。エコリージョンは、陸地および水圏の比較的大きな地域を含み、地理的に異なった特徴的な生態系の集合体を含む。エコリージョン間の違いは、その植物相・動物相・生物多様性の違いによって特徴づけられる。WWFは、地球上を825ヶ所の陸域のエコリージョンと約450ヶ所の淡水域のエコリージョンに分類している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EE. Dinerstein et al. A “Global Safety Net” to reverse biodiversity loss and stabilize Earth’s climate Science Advances\u0026nbsp; 04 Sep 2020: Vol. 6, no. 36, eabb2824 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb2824 https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/36/eabb2824\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 4, 2020,\u0026nbsp;a research article entitled\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;- A “Global Safety Net”\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;Reverse\u0026nbsp;Biodiversity Loss and\u0026nbsp;Stabilize Earth’s\u0026nbsp;Climate\u0026nbsp;-was published in Science Advances. Conserving areas indicated on global safety nets can\u0026nbsp;be expected to\u0026nbsp;prevent\u0026nbsp;further\u0026nbsp;biodiversity loss and reduce the\u0026nbsp;potential for\u0026nbsp;zoonotic\u0026nbsp;diseases\u0026nbsp;such as COVID-19\u0026nbsp;from emerging in the future.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe interactive maps\u0026nbsp;can be accessed from\u0026nbsp;the following links:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/viewer/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.globalsafetynet.app/rankings/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EE. Dinerstein et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/36/eabb2824\u0022\u003EA “Global Safety Net” to reverse biodiversity loss and stabilize Earth’s climate\u003C/a\u003E Science Advances\u0026nbsp; 04 Sep 2020: Vol. 6, no. 36, eabb2824 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb2824 https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/36/eabb2824\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200914_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200915_5#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "131. The Future(s) of Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems: An Analysis of High-level Policy Documents", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "131. The Future(s) of Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems: An Analysis of High-level Policy Documents", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The paper \u0022The Future(s) of Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems: Analysis of High-Level Policy Documents\u0022 was published in the journal Ecosystem Services. Many researchers and policy makers look forward to the potential to bring about a paradigm shift in the current food production through data-based decision making. However, the fact remains that there is no clear vision yet on what the future of digital agriculture will look like, and the article pointed out the need to include ecosystem researchers to contribute to the evaluation of the environmental impacts of digital agriculture.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The paper \u0022The Future(s) of Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems: Analysis of High-Level Policy Documents\u0022 was published in the journal Ecosystem Services. Many researchers and policy makers look forward to the potential to bring about a paradigm shift in the current food production through data-based decision making. However, the fact remains that there is no clear vision yet on what the future of digital agriculture will look like, and the article pointed out the need to include ecosystem researchers to contribute to the evaluation of the environmental impacts of digital agriculture.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe paper \u0022The Future(s)\u0026nbsp;of Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems: Analysis of High-Level Policy Documents\u0022 was published in the journal\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EEcosystem\u0026nbsp;Services\u003C/em\u003E. Many researchers and policy makers look forward to the potential to bring about a paradigm shift in\u0026nbsp;the current\u0026nbsp;food production through data-based decision making. However, the fact\u0026nbsp;remains that there is no clear vision yet on\u0026nbsp;what the future of digital agriculture will look like, and\u0026nbsp;the article\u0026nbsp;pointed out the need\u0026nbsp;to include\u0026nbsp;ecosystem researchers\u0026nbsp;to contribute to the evaluation of the environmental impacts of digital agriculture.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlana Lajoie-O\u0027Malley et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S221204162030125X\u0022\u003EThe future(s) of digital agriculture and sustainable food systems: An analysis of high-level policy documents\u003C/a\u003E. Ecosystem Services Volume 45, October 2020, 101183\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe paper \u0022The Future(s)\u0026nbsp;of Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems: Analysis of High-Level Policy Documents\u0022 was published in the journal\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EEcosystem\u0026nbsp;Services\u003C/em\u003E. Many researchers and policy makers look forward to the potential to bring about a paradigm shift in\u0026nbsp;the current\u0026nbsp;food production through data-based decision making. However, the fact\u0026nbsp;remains that there is no clear vision yet on\u0026nbsp;what the future of digital agriculture will look like, and\u0026nbsp;the article\u0026nbsp;pointed out the need\u0026nbsp;to include\u0026nbsp;ecosystem researchers\u0026nbsp;to contribute to the evaluation of the environmental impacts of digital agriculture.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlana Lajoie-O\u0027Malley et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S221204162030125X\u0022\u003EThe future(s) of digital agriculture and sustainable food systems: An analysis of high-level policy documents\u003C/a\u003E. Ecosystem Services Volume 45, October 2020, 101183\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200915#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "131. デジタル農業と持続的なフードシステムの未来：ハイレベル政策文書の分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "131. The Future(s) of Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems: An Analysis of High-level Policy Documents", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "学術誌Ecosystem Servicesにて、論文「デジタル農業と持続的なフードシステムの未来：ハイレベル政策文書の分析」が発表されました。多くの研究者や政策関係者は、データに基づく意思決定を通じて、現在の食料生産のパラダイムシフトをもたらす可能性に期待を寄せています。しかし、実際にはデジタル農業の未来がどのようなものになるのか、まだわからないことが多いのが事実で、エコシステム研究者を含め、エビデンスに基づく議論の必要性を指摘しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The paper \u0022The Future(s) of Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems: Analysis of High-Level Policy Documents\u0022 was published in the journal Ecosystem Services. Many researchers and policy makers look forward to the potential to bring about a paradigm shift in the current food production through data-based decision making. However, the fact remains that there is no clear vision yet on what the future of digital agriculture will look like, and the article pointed out the need to include ecosystem researchers to contribute to the evaluation of the environmental impacts of digital agriculture.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E学術誌Ecosystem Servicesにて、論文「デジタル農業と持続的なフードシステムの未来：ハイレベル政策文書の分析」が発表されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農業において、センサーや機械知能といったデジタル技術の応用は、エコシステムや食料生産に変革をもたすと期待されています。一方で精密技術がエコシステムに与える影響については、まだ決定的な証拠はありません。技術の可能性に焦点を当てた分析の多くは、デジタル農業に良い影響を与えるとしていますが、デジタル農業が実際にもたらす具体的な証拠に基づくというよりも、誇大な宣伝の結果ではないかと懐疑的な専門家もいます。しかしながら、多くの研究者や政策関係者は、データに基づいた意思決定によって有害な投入を削減し、希少な投入を最小化することで、現在の食料生産にパラダイムシフトをもたらす可能性に期待を寄せています。しかし、実際にはデジタル農業の未来がどのようなものになるのか、そしてエコシステムサービスの提供を含め、農業生産・フードシステムをどう変革しているのか、まだ分からないことが多いのが事実です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本論文は、将来の食料システムの在り方・投資・デザイン・ガバナンスに影響を与える国際機関が、デジタル技術の行く末をどのように考えているかという観点から、この分野で影響力の高い世界銀行、国連食糧農業機関(FAO)、経済協力開発機構(OECD)が作成したデジタル農業に関する報告書を分析しています。その結果、これら報告書は原則的に食料生産量の最大化を優先する商業農業・フードシステムを現状維持する路線を踏襲している傾向が分かりました。また、これらの報告書では明示的に議論されていませんが、将来の食料安全保障を達成する上で、社会・制度・行動学・政治変化の考察や既存の食品流通にかかわる格差に向き合う必要性を挙げ、エコシステム研究者がデジタル農業の環境影響の評価に大きく貢献できることを示唆しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlana Lajoie-O\u0027Malley et al. The future(s) of digital agriculture and sustainable food systems: An analysis of high-level policy documents. Ecosystem Services Volume 45, October 2020, 101183\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S221204162030125X\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe paper \u0022The Future(s)\u0026nbsp;of Digital Agriculture and Sustainable Food Systems: Analysis of High-Level Policy Documents\u0022 was published in the journal\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003EEcosystem\u0026nbsp;Services\u003C/em\u003E. Many researchers and policy makers look forward to the potential to bring about a paradigm shift in\u0026nbsp;the current\u0026nbsp;food production through data-based decision making. However, the fact\u0026nbsp;remains that there is no clear vision yet on\u0026nbsp;what the future of digital agriculture will look like, and\u0026nbsp;the article\u0026nbsp;pointed out the need\u0026nbsp;to include\u0026nbsp;ecosystem researchers\u0026nbsp;to contribute to the evaluation of the environmental impacts of digital agriculture.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAlana Lajoie-O\u0027Malley et al. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S221204162030125X\u0022\u003EThe future(s) of digital agriculture and sustainable food systems: An analysis of high-level policy documents\u003C/a\u003E. Ecosystem Services Volume 45, October 2020, 101183\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200915_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200916#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "132. Living Planet Report 2020: Bending the Curve of Biodiversity Loss", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "132. Living Planet Report 2020: Bending the Curve of Biodiversity Loss", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organizations, has published “Living Planet Index 2020: Bending the Curve of Biodiversity Loss”. The report which uses the Living Planet Index (LPI), a measure of the state of the world’s biodiversity, showed that the population of vertebrate species has decreased by as much as 68% between 1970 and 2016. In order to recover from this decline in biodiversity, the report is proposing efforts that combine measures for environmental conservation with measures for sustainable production and consumption.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organizations, has published “Living Planet Index 2020: Bending the Curve of Biodiversity Loss”. The report which uses the Living Planet Index (LPI), a measure of the state of the world’s biodiversity, showed that the population of vertebrate species has decreased by as much as 68% between 1970 and 2016. In order to recover from this decline in biodiversity, the report is proposing efforts that combine measures for environmental conservation with measures for sustainable production and consumption.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;World Wide Fund for Nature\u0026nbsp;(WWF),\u0026nbsp;one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organizations,\u0026nbsp;has published\u0026nbsp;“Living Planet Index 2020:\u0026nbsp;Bending the Curve of\u0026nbsp;Biodiversity\u0026nbsp;Loss”. The report\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;uses the Living Planet Index (LPI), a measure of\u0026nbsp;the state of the world’s\u0026nbsp;biodiversity,\u0026nbsp;showed\u0026nbsp;that the population\u0026nbsp;of vertebrate species has\u0026nbsp;decreased\u0026nbsp;by as much as 68% between 1970 and 2016.\u0026nbsp;In order to recover from this decline in biodiversity,\u0026nbsp;the report is\u0026nbsp;proposing efforts that combine\u0026nbsp;measures for\u0026nbsp;environmental conservation with measures for sustainable production and consumption.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFull report：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-FULL.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-FULL.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESummary：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-SUMMARY.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-SUMMARY.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;World Wide Fund for Nature\u0026nbsp;(WWF),\u0026nbsp;one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organizations,\u0026nbsp;has published\u0026nbsp;“Living Planet Index 2020:\u0026nbsp;Bending the Curve of\u0026nbsp;Biodiversity\u0026nbsp;Loss”. The report\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;uses the Living Planet Index (LPI), a measure of\u0026nbsp;the state of the world’s\u0026nbsp;biodiversity,\u0026nbsp;showed\u0026nbsp;that the population\u0026nbsp;of vertebrate species has\u0026nbsp;decreased\u0026nbsp;by as much as 68% between 1970 and 2016.\u0026nbsp;In order to recover from this decline in biodiversity,\u0026nbsp;the report is\u0026nbsp;proposing efforts that combine\u0026nbsp;measures for\u0026nbsp;environmental conservation with measures for sustainable production and consumption.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFull report：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-FULL.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-FULL.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESummary：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-SUMMARY.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-SUMMARY.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200916#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "132.生きている地球レポート2020：生物多様性の減少から回復へ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "132. Living Planet Report 2020: Bending the Curve of Biodiversity Loss", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "WWF（世界自然保護基金）は、『生きている地球レポート2020：生物多様性の減少から回復へ』を発表しました。本レポートでは、世界の生物多様性の豊かさを測る指標（LPI: Living Planet Index）を用いて、1970年から2016年の間に脊椎動物の個体群が68％も減少したことを示しました。この生物多様性の減少から回復させるためには、環境保全策と、持続可能な生産と消費に向けた施策の両方を組み合わせた取り組みについて提案しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organizations, has published “Living Planet Index 2020: Bending the Curve of Biodiversity Loss”. The report which uses the Living Planet Index (LPI), a measure of the state of the world’s biodiversity, showed that the population of vertebrate species has decreased by as much as 68% between 1970 and 2016. In order to recover from this decline in biodiversity, the report is proposing efforts that combine measures for environmental conservation with measures for sustainable production and consumption.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWWF（世界自然保護基金）は、『生きている地球レポート2020：生物多様性の減少から回復へ』を発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本レポートでは、世界の生物多様性の豊かさを測る指標（LPI: Living Planet Index*）を用いて、1970年から2016年の間に脊椎動物の個体群が68％も減少したことを示しました。地域別に見ると、ラテンアメリカ及びカリブ海地域の94％減少が観測地域で最悪な結果を示し、その他の地域においてもアフリカ65％、アジア太平洋45％、北アメリカ33％、ヨーロッパ・中央アジア24％の減少でした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれまでのピックアップ記事でも生物多様性の損失について取り上げましたが、生物多様性の損失は、無秩序な鉱山・インフラ開発や非持続的な農業と森林破壊といった人間活動が主要な原因です（Pick Up \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200325\u0022\u003E6\u003C/a\u003E、\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200522\u0022\u003E46\u003C/a\u003E）。この傾向が続く限り、食料・保健システム崩壊をはじめとした人間社会の破綻をもたらしかねません。本レポートでも述べられていますが、現時点で既に地球が供給できる能力を60％もオーバーしています。つまり、人間が現在の生活を維持するためには、地球1. 6個分の自然資源が必要なのです（Pick Up \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200610\u0022\u003E61\u003C/a\u003E）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年は生物多様性戦略10年計画および国連生物多様性10年の最終年です。また、持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）の達成まで残り10年という重要な年でもあります。生物多様性の損失に対処するためには緊急の行動を必要とし、本レポートでは、生物多様性の減少から回復させるために、環境保全強化、持続可能な生産および消費対策を組み合わせた統合的に取り組む必要性を訴えています。言い換えると、自然を持続的に管理・保全する方法や、食料を生産・消費する方法に真の変革が求められています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこちらの記事も是非ご覧ください。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 6. 気候変動と世界食料生産危機－持続的資源・環境管理技術への期待 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200325\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200325\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 46. 国際生物多様性の日 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200522\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200522\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 61. 2020年 世界環境デー 生物多様性 \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200610\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200610\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*LPI: Living Planet Index：陸上、淡水、海洋の脊椎動物（哺乳類、鳥類、両生類、爬虫類、魚類）の4,733種、27123個体群を対象に、個体群のサイズの推移をもとに計算した世界の生物多様性の状況を示す指標。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E生きている地球レポート2020 （Living Planet Report 2020）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFull report (英語)：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-FULL.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-FULL.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESummary (英語)：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-SUMMARY.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-SUMMARY.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「生きている地球2020」ファクトシート (日本語)：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.wwf.or.jp/activities/data/lpr20_01.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.wwf.or.jp/activities/data/lpr20_01.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWWF（World Wide Fund for Nature: 世界自然保護基金）ウェブサイト（日本語）：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.wwf.or.jp/\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.wwf.or.jp/\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（研究戦略室：金森　紀仁）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;World Wide Fund for Nature\u0026nbsp;(WWF),\u0026nbsp;one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organizations,\u0026nbsp;has published\u0026nbsp;“Living Planet Index 2020:\u0026nbsp;Bending the Curve of\u0026nbsp;Biodiversity\u0026nbsp;Loss”. The report\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;uses the Living Planet Index (LPI), a measure of\u0026nbsp;the state of the world’s\u0026nbsp;biodiversity,\u0026nbsp;showed\u0026nbsp;that the population\u0026nbsp;of vertebrate species has\u0026nbsp;decreased\u0026nbsp;by as much as 68% between 1970 and 2016.\u0026nbsp;In order to recover from this decline in biodiversity,\u0026nbsp;the report is\u0026nbsp;proposing efforts that combine\u0026nbsp;measures for\u0026nbsp;environmental conservation with measures for sustainable production and consumption.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFull report：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-FULL.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-FULL.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESummary：\u003Ca href=\u0022https://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-SUMMARY.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://f.hubspotusercontent20.net/hubfs/4783129/LPR/PDFs/ENGLISH-SUMMARY.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200916_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200918_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "133. Renewable Energy Plays a Central Role in Eliminating CO2 Emissions in Industry and Transport", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "133. Renewable Energy Plays a Central Role in Eliminating CO2 Emissions in Industry and Transport", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On September 9, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) published a summary of the new upcoming report “Reaching Zero with Renewables”. It is expected that seven industry and transport sectors (steel, chemicals, cement, aluminum, aviation, shipping, road freight transport) will account for 38% of total CO2 emissions in 2050 unless renewable energy solutions become available. Renewable energy plays a central role in reducing CO2 emissions from these so called hard-to-decarbonise sectors in order to limit global temperature rise at 1.5-degree target.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 9, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) published a summary of the new upcoming report “Reaching Zero with Renewables”. It is expected that seven industry and transport sectors (steel, chemicals, cement, aluminum, aviation, shipping, road freight transport) will account for 38% of total CO2 emissions in 2050 unless renewable energy solutions become available. Renewable energy plays a central role in reducing CO2 emissions from these so called hard-to-decarbonise sectors in order to limit global temperature rise at 1.5-degree target.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 9, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) published a summary\u0026nbsp;of the\u0026nbsp;new\u0026nbsp;upcoming\u0026nbsp;report\u0026nbsp;“Reaching\u0026nbsp;Zero\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;Renewables”.\u0026nbsp;It is expected that\u0026nbsp;seven industry and transport\u0026nbsp;sectors\u0026nbsp;(steel, chemicals, cement, aluminum, aviation, shipping, road\u0026nbsp;freight\u0026nbsp;transport) will\u0026nbsp;account for\u0026nbsp;38% of\u0026nbsp;total CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions in 2050\u0026nbsp;unless renewable\u0026nbsp;energy\u0026nbsp;solutions become available. Renewable energy\u0026nbsp;plays\u0026nbsp;a central role in reducing\u0026nbsp;CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions from these\u0026nbsp;so called hard-to-decarbonise\u0026nbsp;sectors in order to\u0026nbsp;limit global temperature rise at\u0026nbsp;1.5-degree target.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFull text of the summary is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/newsroom/articles/2020/Sep/Renewables-at-Heart-of-Reaching-Zero-Emissions-in-Industry-and-Transport\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;new\u0026nbsp;upcoming\u0026nbsp;report\u0026nbsp;“Reaching\u0026nbsp;Zero\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;Renewables”\u0026nbsp;will be launched on September 21st during events of the Clean Energy Ministerial and Mission Innovation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 9, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) published a summary\u0026nbsp;of the\u0026nbsp;new\u0026nbsp;upcoming\u0026nbsp;report\u0026nbsp;“Reaching\u0026nbsp;Zero\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;Renewables”.\u0026nbsp;It is expected that\u0026nbsp;seven industry and transport\u0026nbsp;sectors\u0026nbsp;(steel, chemicals, cement, aluminum, aviation, shipping, road\u0026nbsp;freight\u0026nbsp;transport) will\u0026nbsp;account for\u0026nbsp;38% of\u0026nbsp;total CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions in 2050\u0026nbsp;unless renewable\u0026nbsp;energy\u0026nbsp;solutions become available. Renewable energy\u0026nbsp;plays\u0026nbsp;a central role in reducing\u0026nbsp;CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions from these\u0026nbsp;so called hard-to-decarbonise\u0026nbsp;sectors in order to\u0026nbsp;limit global temperature rise at\u0026nbsp;1.5-degree target.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFull text of the summary is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/newsroom/articles/2020/Sep/Renewables-at-Heart-of-Reaching-Zero-Emissions-in-Industry-and-Transport\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;new\u0026nbsp;upcoming\u0026nbsp;report\u0026nbsp;“Reaching\u0026nbsp;Zero\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;Renewables”\u0026nbsp;will be launched on September 21st during events of the Clean Energy Ministerial and Mission Innovation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200917#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-17", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "133. 産業部門及び運輸部門からのCO2排出をゼロにする上で再生可能エネルギーは中心的な役割を果たす", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "133. Renewable Energy Plays a Central Role in Eliminating CO2 Emissions in Industry and Transport", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "9月9日、国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）から新たなレポート「再生可能 エネルギーによる排出ゼロの達成」の概要版が公表されました。エネルギー転換 によってCO2の排出削減が順調に行われた場合、2050年には産業と運輸の７つの セクター（製鉄、化学、セメント、アルミニウム、航空、海運、長 距離貨物）がエネルギー起源全排出の38％を占めると予想されています。1.5度目標 の達成を図るためには、これら脱炭素化が困難な部門からの排出の削減も不可欠であり、そのためには再生可能エネルギーが中心的な役割を果たします。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 9, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) published a summary of the new upcoming report “Reaching Zero with Renewables”. It is expected that seven industry and transport sectors (steel, chemicals, cement, aluminum, aviation, shipping, road freight transport) will account for 38% of total CO2 emissions in 2050 unless renewable energy solutions become available. Renewable energy plays a central role in reducing CO2 emissions from these so called hard-to-decarbonise sectors in order to limit global temperature rise at 1.5-degree target.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E9月9日、国際再生可能エネルギー機関（IRENA）から新たなレポート「再生可能 エネルギーによる排出ゼロの達成」の概要版が公表されました。エネルギー転換 によってCO2の排出削減が順調に行われた場合、2050年には産業と運輸の７つの セクター（製鉄、化学、セメント、アルミニウム、航空、海運、長 距離貨物）がエネルギー起源全排出の38％を占めると予想されています。1.5度目標 の達成を図るためには、これら脱炭素化が困難な部門からの排出の削減も不可欠であり、そのためには再生可能エネルギーが中心的な役割を果たします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIRENAの報告書「世界の再生可能エネルギーの展望」では、パリ協定に掲げられた2度目標を達成するために必要な世界のエネルギー転換のシナリオを提示しています。今回の報告ではさらに1.5度目標を達成するための道筋として、2060年までにエネルギー起源の排出をゼロにするための「より大規模な脱炭素化」のオプションを示しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E排出ゼロの実現には、エネルギー起源の排出だけでなく、産業プロセスでの排出も完全に消滅させる必要があり、コスト競争力を強める再生可能エネルギー由来のエネルギーキャリアの導入を加速化させなければなりません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E産業部門のCO2排出は、全排出量の約3分の1を占めており、特に製鉄、化学、セメント、アルミニウムの４つの重工業部門で全体の21％になります。国際的な協力を進め、先進的なデモンストレーション・プロジェクトの海外展開を図ることにより、排出ゼロを実現することは可能です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E運輸部門のCO2排出は全体の約4分の1弱を占めており、航空、海運、長距離貨物が全体の11％になりますが、バイオ燃料、水素、合成燃料への転換と電化の促進を組み合わせることにより、排出ゼロを実現することは可能です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E排出ゼロの達成の報告書（全文）はClean Energy Ministerial及びMission Innovationにおけるイベント（9月21日）にて発表予定です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/newsroom/articles/2020/Sep/Renewables-at-Heart-of-Reaching-Zero-Emissions-in-Industry-and-Transport\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　増山寿政\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 9, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) published a summary\u0026nbsp;of the\u0026nbsp;new\u0026nbsp;upcoming\u0026nbsp;report\u0026nbsp;“Reaching\u0026nbsp;Zero\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;Renewables”.\u0026nbsp;It is expected that\u0026nbsp;seven industry and transport\u0026nbsp;sectors\u0026nbsp;(steel, chemicals, cement, aluminum, aviation, shipping, road\u0026nbsp;freight\u0026nbsp;transport) will\u0026nbsp;account for\u0026nbsp;38% of\u0026nbsp;total CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions in 2050\u0026nbsp;unless renewable\u0026nbsp;energy\u0026nbsp;solutions become available. Renewable energy\u0026nbsp;plays\u0026nbsp;a central role in reducing\u0026nbsp;CO2\u0026nbsp;emissions from these\u0026nbsp;so called hard-to-decarbonise\u0026nbsp;sectors in order to\u0026nbsp;limit global temperature rise at\u0026nbsp;1.5-degree target.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFull text of the summary is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.irena.org/newsroom/articles/2020/Sep/Renewables-at-Heart-of-Reaching-Zero-Emissions-in-Industry-and-Transport\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;new\u0026nbsp;upcoming\u0026nbsp;report\u0026nbsp;“Reaching\u0026nbsp;Zero\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;Renewables”\u0026nbsp;will be launched on September 21st during events of the Clean Energy Ministerial and Mission Innovation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MASUYAMA Toshimasa (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200917_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200918#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "134. Progress Report on Food and Agriculture-related SDG Indicators 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "134. Progress Report on Food and Agriculture-related SDG Indicators 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The food and agriculture-related SDG targets under the jurisdiction of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) are Goal 2 (zero hunger), Goal 5 (gender equality ), Goal 6 (clean water and sanitation), Goal 12 (responsible consumption and production), Goal 14 (life below water), and Goal 15 (life on land). The second report on the indicators for the 6 SDGs under FAO custodianship “Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020” was published on September 15, 2020.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The food and agriculture-related SDG targets under the jurisdiction of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) are Goal 2 (zero hunger), Goal 5 (gender equality ), Goal 6 (clean water and sanitation), Goal 12 (responsible consumption and production), Goal 14 (life below water), and Goal 15 (life on land). The second report on the indicators for the 6 SDGs under FAO custodianship “Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020” was published on September 15, 2020.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E134. Progress Report on\u0026nbsp;Food and\u0026nbsp;Agriculture-related SDG Indicators\u0026nbsp;2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;food and agriculture-related SDG targets under the jurisdiction of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) are\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;2 (zero\u0026nbsp;hunger),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;5 (gender\u0026nbsp;equality\u0026nbsp;),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;6 (clean\u0026nbsp;water and sanitation),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;12 (responsible\u0026nbsp;consumption\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;production),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;14 (life below water),\u0026nbsp;and Goal\u0026nbsp;15\u0026nbsp;(life on\u0026nbsp;land). The second report\u0026nbsp;on the indicators for the 6 SDGs under FAO custodianship “Tracking\u0026nbsp;progress on\u0026nbsp;food and\u0026nbsp;agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020”\u0026nbsp;was published on September 15, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;first edition published\u0026nbsp;in 2019 reported that it would be difficult to meet most of the food and\u0026nbsp;agriculture-related SDGs\u0026nbsp;by 2030. This year, the impact of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;has made it not only more difficult to achieve the SDGs, but it has also become even more difficult to keep track of the achievements of the SDGs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19,\u0026nbsp;census of\u0026nbsp;agricultural\u0026nbsp;activities\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;been\u0026nbsp;delayed, postponed or\u0026nbsp;suspended in more than half of the countries, and almost all data collection conducted by the government is affected\u0026nbsp;in about\u0026nbsp;25%\u0026nbsp;of the countries\u0026nbsp;participating in the assessment. FAO is also\u0026nbsp;pursuing various initiatives\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;monitor the impact of COVID-19 on food and agriculture\u0026nbsp;using other data sources.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/sdg-progress-report/en/#chapeau\u0022\u003ETracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[Accessed on Sep 16, 2020]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E134. Progress Report on\u0026nbsp;Food and\u0026nbsp;Agriculture-related SDG Indicators\u0026nbsp;2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;food and agriculture-related SDG targets under the jurisdiction of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) are\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;2 (zero\u0026nbsp;hunger),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;5 (gender\u0026nbsp;equality\u0026nbsp;),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;6 (clean\u0026nbsp;water and sanitation),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;12 (responsible\u0026nbsp;consumption\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;production),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;14 (life below water),\u0026nbsp;and Goal\u0026nbsp;15\u0026nbsp;(life on\u0026nbsp;land). The second report\u0026nbsp;on the indicators for the 6 SDGs under FAO custodianship “Tracking\u0026nbsp;progress on\u0026nbsp;food and\u0026nbsp;agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020”\u0026nbsp;was published on September 15, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;first edition published\u0026nbsp;in 2019 reported that it would be difficult to meet most of the food and\u0026nbsp;agriculture-related SDGs\u0026nbsp;by 2030. This year, the impact of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;has made it not only more difficult to achieve the SDGs, but it has also become even more difficult to keep track of the achievements of the SDGs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19,\u0026nbsp;census of\u0026nbsp;agricultural\u0026nbsp;activities\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;been\u0026nbsp;delayed, postponed or\u0026nbsp;suspended in more than half of the countries, and almost all data collection conducted by the government is affected\u0026nbsp;in about\u0026nbsp;25%\u0026nbsp;of the countries\u0026nbsp;participating in the assessment. FAO is also\u0026nbsp;pursuing various initiatives\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;monitor the impact of COVID-19 on food and agriculture\u0026nbsp;using other data sources.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/sdg-progress-report/en/#chapeau\u0022\u003ETracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[Accessed on Sep 16, 2020]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200918#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-18", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "134. FAO　農業・食料に関するSDGs進捗報告書2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "134. Progress Report on Food and Agriculture-related SDG Indicators 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal5", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標5 ジェンダー平等を実現しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 5: Gender Equality", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal6", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標6 安全な水とトイレを世界中に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国連食糧農業機関（FAO）の管轄する農業・食料関連SDGs目標は、目標2（飢餓）、５（ジェンダー），６（水・衛生）、12（生産・消費）、14（海洋資源）、15（陸上資源）の６つです。これら6つの目標に含まれる22の指標の進捗について、9月15日に報告書が発行されました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The food and agriculture-related SDG targets under the jurisdiction of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) are Goal 2 (zero hunger), Goal 5 (gender equality ), Goal 6 (clean water and sanitation), Goal 12 (responsible consumption and production), Goal 14 (life below water), and Goal 15 (life on land). The second report on the indicators for the 6 SDGs under FAO custodianship “Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020” was published on September 15, 2020.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国連食糧農業機関（FAO）の管轄する農業・食料関連SDGs目標は、目標2（飢餓）、５（ジェンダー），６（水・衛生）、12（生産・消費）、14（海洋資源）、15（陸上資源）の６つです。これら6つの目標に含まれる22の指標の進捗について、9月15日に第2冊目となる報告書「Tracking Progress on Food and Agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020」が発行されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E初版が発行されたのは昨年です。昨年の報告書では、食料・農業関連のSDGs目標を2030年の期限までに達成するのは困難だとされました。今年は、新型コロナウイルスの影響で、SDGsを達成するのがより難しくなっただけでなく、SDGsの達成状況を把握することも、より一層難しくなったと述べています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E新型コロナウイルスの影響により、半分以上の国で農業センサスが中断・延期されており、約４分の1の国では国が主体となって実施するほぼ全てのデータ収集が影響を受けています。FAOは他にもデータソースを使うことで進捗状況を引き続きモニターできるようにつとめています。以下、今回の報告書からいくつか要点を抜粋します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・食料不足や食料不安は悪化している\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・小規模農家は大規模な生産者よりも生産性・所得とも低い\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・植物遺伝資源保有量は増えているが、野生種や低利用品種の多様性を確保する取り組みは依然として不十分\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・ジェンダー平等に関し、女性の土地所有権を保証している国はたったの12％\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・GDPのシェアで測った農業部門への政府の投資は世界的に急速に減少している\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E・森林・魚の資源は減少しつつあるが、減少のペースは以前よりゆっくりになった\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020) Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020 http://www.fao.org/sdg-progress-report/en/#chapeau\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[Accessed on Sep 16, 2020]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E134. Progress Report on\u0026nbsp;Food and\u0026nbsp;Agriculture-related SDG Indicators\u0026nbsp;2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;food and agriculture-related SDG targets under the jurisdiction of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) are\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;2 (zero\u0026nbsp;hunger),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;5 (gender\u0026nbsp;equality\u0026nbsp;),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;6 (clean\u0026nbsp;water and sanitation),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;12 (responsible\u0026nbsp;consumption\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;production),\u0026nbsp;Goal\u0026nbsp;14 (life below water),\u0026nbsp;and Goal\u0026nbsp;15\u0026nbsp;(life on\u0026nbsp;land). The second report\u0026nbsp;on the indicators for the 6 SDGs under FAO custodianship “Tracking\u0026nbsp;progress on\u0026nbsp;food and\u0026nbsp;agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020”\u0026nbsp;was published on September 15, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;first edition published\u0026nbsp;in 2019 reported that it would be difficult to meet most of the food and\u0026nbsp;agriculture-related SDGs\u0026nbsp;by 2030. This year, the impact of\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;has made it not only more difficult to achieve the SDGs, but it has also become even more difficult to keep track of the achievements of the SDGs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDue to\u0026nbsp;COVID-19,\u0026nbsp;census of\u0026nbsp;agricultural\u0026nbsp;activities\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;been\u0026nbsp;delayed, postponed or\u0026nbsp;suspended in more than half of the countries, and almost all data collection conducted by the government is affected\u0026nbsp;in about\u0026nbsp;25%\u0026nbsp;of the countries\u0026nbsp;participating in the assessment. FAO is also\u0026nbsp;pursuing various initiatives\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;monitor the impact of COVID-19 on food and agriculture\u0026nbsp;using other data sources.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.fao.org/sdg-progress-report/en/#chapeau\u0022\u003ETracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2020\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[Accessed on Sep 16, 2020]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200918_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200923_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "135. Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "135. Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On September 10, 2020, the article “Re-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation” was published on State of the Planet blog of the Earth Institute of Columbia University. The report emphasized the need to find a solution that balances improved food production, reduced climate footprint and conservation of natural capital to achieve resilience and sustainability.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 10, 2020, the article “Re-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation” was published on State of the Planet blog of the Earth Institute of Columbia University. The report emphasized the need to find a solution that balances improved food production, reduced climate footprint and conservation of natural capital to achieve resilience and sustainability.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 10, 2020, the article “Re-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation” was published on State of the Planet blog of the Earth Institute of Columbia University. The report emphasized the need to find a solution that balances improved food production, reduced climate footprint and conservation of natural capital to achieve resilience and sustainability.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EState of the Planet Earth Institute Columbia University. AGRICULTURE, SUSTAINABILITY\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERe-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBY ALICE RUHWEZA, JEFF WORDEN, AND BRIGHTON KAOMA, SEPTEMBER 10, 2020 https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2020/09/10/re-imagining-africas-food-future/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 10, 2020, the article “Re-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation” was published on State of the Planet blog of the Earth Institute of Columbia University. The report emphasized the need to find a solution that balances improved food production, reduced climate footprint and conservation of natural capital to achieve resilience and sustainability.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EState of the Planet Earth Institute Columbia University. AGRICULTURE, SUSTAINABILITY\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERe-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBY ALICE RUHWEZA, JEFF WORDEN, AND BRIGHTON KAOMA, SEPTEMBER 10, 2020 https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2020/09/10/re-imagining-africas-food-future/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200921#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "135.農業と保全が交差するアフリカの食料の未来", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "135. Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月10日、コロンビア大学Earth Instituteのサイト、State of the Planetにて、論考「農業と自然資本保全が交差するアフリカ食料問題の未来を新たに構想せよ」が掲載されました。我々は食料生産の向上と気候フットプリントの削減・自然資本の保全を両立させ、強靭性かつ持続性を達成する解決法を見つけなければなりません。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 10, 2020, the article “Re-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation” was published on State of the Planet blog of the Earth Institute of Columbia University. The report emphasized the need to find a solution that balances improved food production, reduced climate footprint and conservation of natural capital to achieve resilience and sustainability.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月10日、コロンビア大学Earth Instituteのサイト、State of the Planetにて、論考「農業と自然資本保全の交差点にあるアフリカ食料問題の未来を新たに構想せよ Re-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation」が掲載されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界の深刻な食料危機に陥っている人の半分以上が暮らすアフリカで、食料安全保障の達成は極めて重要な意味を持ちます。アフリカにおいて農業は主要な生活源であり、多くの世帯では自らが生産した作物の少なくとも一部を消費しています。しかしながら食料生産・流通・消費の在り方は、人間と野生動物の両方が依存している自然資本と調和できていません。非持続的な農業慣行は生物多様性の喪失を引き起こし、人間と野生動物間の競合の増加、土地利用による生態系の喪失、水質と水量の低下、土壌劣化、汚染悪化につながっています。2050年までにアフリカの人口が25億人まで増加することを踏まえれば、農業生産のための土地開墾への圧力は高まり、湿地・森林・草地・土壌や水質、そしてそれらに依存している小規模農民の強靭性を脅かしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカは、残存する世界の耕作可能な土地の60％を抱えていますが、これらの土地が短期的な食料生産と長期的な自然資本投資の利害の狭間で揺れています。2020年2月以来、サブサハラアフリカでCOVID-19によりさらに1200万人が急性の食料不足に追いやられ、今日の農業生産・食料安全保障の課題はさらに脅威にさらされています。COVID-19は食料安全保障と経済開発に影響を与え、我々の経済モデルをひっくり返し、我々の社会・政治・経済システムの綻びを晒しました。またそれは、我々の健康と福祉の観点から自然と自然資本の重要性を炙り出すことになりました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E復興プロセスの開始にあたり、我々のフードシステムの設計を見直す際に、人間および地球双方の健全性や福祉について振り返るチャンスです。このためには、農業慣行・バリューチェーンを見つめ直し、人間と自然を中心としたフードシステムを再考すべきです。我々は食料生産の向上と気候フットプリントの削減・自然資本の保全を両立させ、強靭かつ持続性のある解決法を見つけなければなりません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EState of the Planet Earth Institute Columbia University. AGRICULTURE, SUSTAINABILITY\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERe-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBY ALICE RUHWEZA, JEFF WORDEN, AND BRIGHTON KAOMA, SEPTEMBER 10, 2020 https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2020/09/10/re-imagining-africas-food-future/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 10, 2020, the article “Re-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation” was published on State of the Planet blog of the Earth Institute of Columbia University. The report emphasized the need to find a solution that balances improved food production, reduced climate footprint and conservation of natural capital to achieve resilience and sustainability.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EState of the Planet Earth Institute Columbia University. AGRICULTURE, SUSTAINABILITY\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERe-Imagining Africa’s Food Future at the Intersection of Agriculture and Conservation\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBY ALICE RUHWEZA, JEFF WORDEN, AND BRIGHTON KAOMA, SEPTEMBER 10, 2020 https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2020/09/10/re-imagining-africas-food-future/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200921_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200923#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "136. IMF: Investing in a Green Recovery ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "136. IMF: Investing in a Green Recovery ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In the Fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026 Development magazine of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Professor Ulrich Volz contributed an article “Investing in a Green Recovery”, emphasizing the importance of enabling sustainable investment in preparing to a looming climate crisis as well as the return of the pandemic in the future.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the Fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026 Development magazine of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Professor Ulrich Volz contributed an article “Investing in a Green Recovery”, emphasizing the importance of enabling sustainable investment in preparing to a looming climate crisis as well as the return of the pandemic in the future.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the Fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026amp; Development magazine of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Professor Ulrich Volz contributed an article\u0026nbsp;“Investing\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;Green Recovery”,\u0026nbsp;emphasizing\u0026nbsp;the importance of\u0026nbsp;enabling sustainable\u0026nbsp;investment\u0026nbsp;in preparing\u0026nbsp;to a loomingclimate\u0026nbsp;crisis\u0026nbsp;as well as the return of the pandemic in the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article can be accessed at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUlrich Volz INVESTING IN A GREEN RECOVERY Fall 2020 Issue. International Monetary Fund.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/09/investing-in-a-green-recovery-volz.htm\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the Fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026amp; Development magazine of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Professor Ulrich Volz contributed an article\u0026nbsp;“Investing\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;Green Recovery”,\u0026nbsp;emphasizing\u0026nbsp;the importance of\u0026nbsp;enabling sustainable\u0026nbsp;investment\u0026nbsp;in preparing\u0026nbsp;to a loomingclimate\u0026nbsp;crisis\u0026nbsp;as well as the return of the pandemic in the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article can be accessed at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUlrich Volz INVESTING IN A GREEN RECOVERY Fall 2020 Issue. International Monetary Fund.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/09/investing-in-a-green-recovery-volz.htm\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200922#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "136. IMF: 環境保全のためのグリーンリカバリーに投資せよ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "136. IMF: Investing in a Green Recovery ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際通貨基金(IMF)のFinance \u0026 Development誌2020年秋号にて、Ulrich Volz教授が論考「環境保全のためのグリーンリカバリーに投資せよ」を寄稿しました。将来のパンデミック再来だけでなく、気候変動という人類に差し迫る危機に対しても備えるための投資の重要性を訴えました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In the Fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026 Development magazine of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Professor Ulrich Volz contributed an article “Investing in a Green Recovery”, emphasizing the importance of enabling sustainable investment in preparing to a looming climate crisis as well as the return of the pandemic in the future.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際通貨基金(IMF)のFinance \u0026amp; Development誌2020年秋号にて、Ulrich Volz教授が論考「環境保全のためのグリーンリカバリーに投資せよInvesting in a Green Recovery」を寄稿しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECOVID-19パンデミックは、2008-2009年のリーマン・ショック以上に全人類に影響を及ぼしています。世界中で医療・社会システムの脆弱性と経済の脆さが露呈し、同時に災害への備えの必要性をかつてないほどに示しました。危機後に経済や社会を再建する際には、回復力を高めることが重要な指針となります。我々は将来のパンデミック再来だけでなく、気候変動という人類に差し迫るもう一つの危機に対しても耐えられるように備えなければなりません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eそのためには環境保全のための投資がカギとなり、国際金融機関は気候変動に脆弱な国々にも支援を差し伸べる必要があります。残念ながら、気候変動の最大の犠牲者は、産業と農業による人為的な地球温暖化の原因とは最もかけ離れた国々であります。これら国々にとって、気候変動に対するレジリエンス強化のための投資拡大は死活問題ですが、その手段がありません。さらに気候変動による金融リスクで資本調達コストに気候リスクが上乗せされ、気候危機への脆弱性が債務コストを増大させ、気候に対する強靭性を高めるための投資を行う財政的な余裕を減らしているという悪循環に陥りかねません。このため、これらの国々に対する国際支援が急務です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUlrich Volz INVESTING IN A GREEN RECOVERY Fall 2020 Issue. International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/09/investing-in-a-green-recovery-volz.htm\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn the Fall 2020 issue of Finance \u0026amp; Development magazine of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Professor Ulrich Volz contributed an article\u0026nbsp;“Investing\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;Green Recovery”,\u0026nbsp;emphasizing\u0026nbsp;the importance of\u0026nbsp;enabling sustainable\u0026nbsp;investment\u0026nbsp;in preparing\u0026nbsp;to a loomingclimate\u0026nbsp;crisis\u0026nbsp;as well as the return of the pandemic in the future.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article can be accessed at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUlrich Volz INVESTING IN A GREEN RECOVERY Fall 2020 Issue. International Monetary Fund.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/09/investing-in-a-green-recovery-volz.htm\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200922_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200924_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "137. Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation’s Goalkeepers Report", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "137. Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation’s Goalkeepers Report", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On September 15, 2020, the Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation released the 2020 Goalkeepers Report with an assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on progress being made around the globe on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the introduction, Bill and Melinda Gates noted that the spillover effect has become devastating and the vaccination rate has been set back about 25 years in about 25 weeks. CEO Mark Suzman calls for the world to unite more than ever to mark COVID-19 in history and rekindle progress towards the SDGs.\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 15, 2020, the Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation released the 2020 Goalkeepers Report with an assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on progress being made around the globe on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the introduction, Bill and Melinda Gates noted that the spillover effect has become devastating and the vaccination rate has been set back about 25 years in about 25 weeks. CEO Mark Suzman calls for the world to unite more than ever to mark COVID-19 in history and rekindle progress towards the SDGs.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 15, 2020, the Bill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation released the 2020 Goalkeepers Report with an assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on progress being made around the globe on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the introduction, Bill and Melinda Gates noted that the spillover effect has become devastating and the vaccination rate has been set back about 25 years in about 25 weeks. CEO Mark Suzman calls for the world to unite more than ever to mark COVID-19 in history and rekindle progress towards the SDGs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesfoundation.org/goalkeepers/downloads/2020-report/report_a4_en.pdf\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 A Global\u0026nbsp;Perspective\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;Goalkeepers Report\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 15, 2020, the Bill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation released the 2020 Goalkeepers Report with an assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on progress being made around the globe on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the introduction, Bill and Melinda Gates noted that the spillover effect has become devastating and the vaccination rate has been set back about 25 years in about 25 weeks. CEO Mark Suzman calls for the world to unite more than ever to mark COVID-19 in history and rekindle progress towards the SDGs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesfoundation.org/goalkeepers/downloads/2020-report/report_a4_en.pdf\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 A Global\u0026nbsp;Perspective\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;Goalkeepers Report\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200923#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "137. ビル＆メリンダ・ゲイツ財団　「ゴールキーパーズ・レポート」", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "137. Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation’s Goalkeepers Report", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月、ビル＆メリンダ・ゲイツ財団より、年次報告書『ゴールキーパーズ・レポート』公表にあたり、報告書概要の紹介文を寄稿いただきました。新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)により、ワクチン接種率が25週間で約25年分も後退するなど、その波及効果は壊滅的なものとなっています。マーク・スズマンCEOは、COVID-19を歴史に刻み、SDGsに向けた進展を再燃させるために、世界がかつてないほどに団結する必要性を訴えています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 15, 2020, the Bill \u0026 Melinda Gates Foundation released the 2020 Goalkeepers Report with an assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on progress being made around the globe on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the introduction, Bill and Melinda Gates noted that the spillover effect has become devastating and the vaccination rate has been set back about 25 years in about 25 weeks. CEO Mark Suzman calls for the world to unite more than ever to mark COVID-19 in history and rekindle progress towards the SDGs.\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月、ビル＆メリンダ・ゲイツ財団より、年次報告書『ゴールキーパーズ・レポート』公表にあたり、報告書概要の紹介文を寄稿いただきました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこのたび、当財団の年次報告書『ゴールキーパーズ・レポート』を公表しましたのでお届けします。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれまでに発行されたレポートでは、国連の持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）に含まれる169の指標の内、特に貧困や感染症に関わる18指標を追跡しながら、これらの世界的課題との戦いにおける数十年にわたる歴史的な前進を祝ってきました。しかし、今年は残念ながら大多数の指標において後退しています。したがって今回のレポートでは、パンデミックが健康、経済、その他あらゆるものに与えているダメージを分析しながら、世界が協調した対応の重要性について触れています。お時間がある際、ぜひご覧いただけますと幸いです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EＵＲＬ：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[英語版　年次報告書『ゴールキーパーズ・レポート』]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.gatesfoundation.org/goalkeepers/report/2020-report/?utm_source=GF\u0026amp;utm_medium=EMEP\u0026amp;utm_campaign=GK20\u0026amp;utm_term=RP\u0026amp;utm_content=LK#GlobalPerspective\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E関連記事：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 時事通信社「コロナ禍でＳＤＧｓ後退　国際社会に対応求める」https://www.jiji.com/jc/article?k=2020091500824\u0026amp;g=int\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 読売新聞「ゲイツ氏　ワクチン開発　連携促す」https://www.yomiuri.co.jp/world/20200916-OYT1T50012/（会員限定）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今年のハイライト：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; ワクチン接種率：私たちがデータ・分析のプロジェクトで提携しているInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation（IHME）によると、今年のワクチン接種率は、1990年代に見られたレベルまで低下していることがわかりました。言い換えれば、たった25週間で約25年分も後退しているということになります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 国際通貨基金（IMF）によると、今回のパンデミックで世界経済は来年末までに12兆ドル以上の損失を被ると予測しています（世界中が各国の経済を刺激するためすでに18兆ドルを費やしたとしてもです）。新型コロナウイルス感染症による財政的損失は2008年の「大不況」の2倍であり、これほど多くの国が一度に不況に陥ったのは1870年以来のことです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E*\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; このような状況下、多くの低中所得国が直面する課題に対応するためにイノベーションを起こしています。また、ワクチンをはじめとする感染症対策ツールの開発が劇的に促進され、これらを公平に提供する仕組みも出来上がりました。長年インフルエンザの感染モデリングを行ってきたノースイースタン大学生物・社会技術システムモデリング研究室 (MOBS LAB) のシミュレーションによると、約50カ国の高所得国が有効なワクチンを接種する場合と、すべての国が人口に比例して30億回分のワクチンを接種する場合では、後者の方が回避される死亡者数の割合が約２倍となりました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eマーク・スズマンCEOの挨拶：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「ビル＆メリンダ・ゲイツ財団では、『Progress is Possible but Not Inevitable (進歩は可能だが、必然ではない)』という考えがあります。今回のパンデミックほど、そのことを証明するものはありません。私たちは、毎年命を落とす子どもの数が減り、食卓を支えるのに苦労している家族が減り、より多くの女の子が学校に行けるようになり、また、より多くの女性が出産を乗り切ることに慣れてきました。しかしCOVID-19はその進歩を止めてしまいました。そして、その波及効果は壊滅的なものとなっています。これは世界共通の危機であり、世界共通の対応が求められています。COVID-19を歴史に刻み、SDGsに向けた進展を再燃させるために、世界はかつてないほどに団結しなければなりません。」\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E最後に：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界がどのように協調的な対応を組織するかは、まだ正確には明らかになっていません。しかし、パンデミックを終わらせるための国際協働メカニズム「Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator」（ACT-A）が4月に立ち上げられ、以来、多くの国が賛同・参加を表明しています。ACT-Aのワクチン戦略における主要なパートナーであるCoalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI)は、9つのCOVID-19ワクチン候補を保有しています。またGaviワクチンアライアンス（旧・ワクチンと予防接種のための世界連盟）は2000年の設立以来、低所得国や中所得国へ7億5,000万本のワクチン供給を支援してきました。Gaviは加えて、CEPIとWHOと共に、資金の不足している途上国（低所得国・下位中所得国、一部の島しょ国など92か国）にワクチンを供給する「COVAX-AMC」（COVAX事前購入誓約）と、ワクチンを自費で購入する先進国や一定の資金力のある国（高所得国・上位中所得国）が活用できる「COVAX Facility」（COVAXファシリティ）の両輪でワクチン提供を行うことに取り組んでいます。今月の頭、日本政府は正式に参加表明する方針を固めました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E私たちは今後も、日本政府、民間企業、アカデミア、市民社会の皆様と連携しながら、引き続き一人でも多くの命を守っていく所存です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（寄稿：ビル＆メリンダ・ゲイツ財団　日本常駐代表　柏倉美保子様）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 15, 2020, the Bill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation released the 2020 Goalkeepers Report with an assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on progress being made around the globe on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the introduction, Bill and Melinda Gates noted that the spillover effect has become devastating and the vaccination rate has been set back about 25 years in about 25 weeks. CEO Mark Suzman calls for the world to unite more than ever to mark COVID-19 in history and rekindle progress towards the SDGs.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EBill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation,\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesfoundation.org/goalkeepers/downloads/2020-report/report_a4_en.pdf\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 A Global\u0026nbsp;Perspective\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;Goalkeepers Report\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200923_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200924#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "138. World Meteorological Organization: Second Lowest Arctic Sea Minimum", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "138. World Meteorological Organization: Second Lowest Arctic Sea Minimum", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Arctic sea ice, which is an important climate change indicator, has reached its annual minimum extent after the summer melt season this year. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that this year the Arctic sea ice has shrunk to the second lowest extent in history. It is believed that the heat caused the sea ice to melt over a wide area from above and below due to the extremely high air and water temperatures.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Arctic sea ice, which is an important climate change indicator, has reached its annual minimum extent after the summer melt season this year. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that this year the Arctic sea ice has shrunk to the second lowest extent in history. It is believed that the heat caused the sea ice to melt over a wide area from above and below due to the extremely high air and water temperatures.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Arctic sea ice,\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;is an important climate change indicator, has\u0026nbsp;reached\u0026nbsp;its annual minimum extent\u0026nbsp;after the summer meltseason\u0026nbsp;this year. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that this year the Arctic sea ice has shrunk to the second\u0026nbsp;lowest extent\u0026nbsp;in history. It is believed that the heat caused the sea ice to melt over a wide area from above and below due to the\u0026nbsp;extremely\u0026nbsp;high\u0026nbsp;air\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;water\u0026nbsp;temperatures.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO. Arctic sea ice minimum is 2nd lowest on record. September 22, 2020. https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/arctic-sea-ice-minimum-2nd-lowest-record\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Arctic sea ice,\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;is an important climate change indicator, has\u0026nbsp;reached\u0026nbsp;its annual minimum extent\u0026nbsp;after the summer meltseason\u0026nbsp;this year. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that this year the Arctic sea ice has shrunk to the second\u0026nbsp;lowest extent\u0026nbsp;in history. It is believed that the heat caused the sea ice to melt over a wide area from above and below due to the\u0026nbsp;extremely\u0026nbsp;high\u0026nbsp;air\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;water\u0026nbsp;temperatures.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO. Arctic sea ice minimum is 2nd lowest on record. September 22, 2020. https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/arctic-sea-ice-minimum-2nd-lowest-record\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200924#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-24", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "138. 世界気象機関: 北極圏の海氷が史上2番目の規模へ縮小", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "138. World Meteorological Organization: Second Lowest Arctic Sea Minimum", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "北極圏の海氷は重要な気候変動指標ですが、夏の溶解のシーズン後に1年で最も小さい規模に達します。世界気象機関(WMO)は、今年、北極圏の海氷が史上2番目の規模へ縮小したと伝えました。尋常でない大気・海水温度の高さにより、熱によって海氷が上からも下からも広範囲に溶解していったことが原因とされています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Arctic sea ice, which is an important climate change indicator, has reached its annual minimum extent after the summer melt season this year. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that this year the Arctic sea ice has shrunk to the second lowest extent in history. It is believed that the heat caused the sea ice to melt over a wide area from above and below due to the extremely high air and water temperatures.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E9月22日、世界気象機関(WMO)は、北極圏の海氷が史上2番目の規模へ縮小したと伝えました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E北極圏の海氷は重要な気候変動指標ですが、夏の溶解のシーズン後に1年で最も小さい規模に達します。2020年9月15日、世界中の気象機関やJAXAを含む宇宙航空開発機構が、今年は2012年に観察された最少記録に次ぐ縮小が観察されたことを確認しました。この2020年の暫定値は、夏の終わりの熱さの影響によってさらに縮小する余地がありますが、北極海氷の長期的な減少傾向を示すものです。この夏の大量の海氷喪失の要因として、尋常でない大気・海水温度の高さにより、熱によって海氷が上からも下からも広範囲に溶解していったことが原因とされています。シベリアにおける熱波や未曽有の火事といった異常事象は、北半球の棚氷や氷河へ大きな影響を与えつつ、雪氷圏(cryosphere)に深い傷跡を残すでしょう。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO. Arctic sea ice minimum is 2nd lowest on record. September 22, 2020. https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/arctic-sea-ice-minimum-2nd-lowest-record\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Arctic sea ice,\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;is an important climate change indicator, has\u0026nbsp;reached\u0026nbsp;its annual minimum extent\u0026nbsp;after the summer meltseason\u0026nbsp;this year. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that this year the Arctic sea ice has shrunk to the second\u0026nbsp;lowest extent\u0026nbsp;in history. It is believed that the heat caused the sea ice to melt over a wide area from above and below due to the\u0026nbsp;extremely\u0026nbsp;high\u0026nbsp;air\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;water\u0026nbsp;temperatures.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWMO. Arctic sea ice minimum is 2nd lowest on record. September 22, 2020. https://public.wmo.int/en/media/news/arctic-sea-ice-minimum-2nd-lowest-record\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200924_ico.jpeg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200925#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "139. FAO: The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "139. FAO: The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On September 23, 2020, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) launched the latest edition of The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets (SOCO 2020) report with the underlying theme of “Agricultural markets and sustainable development: Global value chains, smallholder farmers and digital innovations”.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 23, 2020, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) launched the latest edition of The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets (SOCO 2020) report with the underlying theme of “Agricultural markets and sustainable development: Global value chains, smallholder farmers and digital innovations”.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 23, 2020, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)\u0026nbsp;launched the latest edition of The State of\u0026nbsp;Agricultural\u0026nbsp;Commodity\u0026nbsp;Markets\u0026nbsp;(SOCO\u0026nbsp;2020) report with the underlying theme\u0026nbsp;of “Agricultural\u0026nbsp;markets and\u0026nbsp;sustainable\u0026nbsp;development: Global\u0026nbsp;value\u0026nbsp;chains,\u0026nbsp;smallholder\u0026nbsp;farmers and\u0026nbsp;digital\u0026nbsp;innovations”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESOCO 2020\u0026nbsp;discusses\u0026nbsp;the trends and challenges\u0026nbsp;in agricultural commodity markets focusing on\u0026nbsp;the evolution of trade and markets,\u0026nbsp;the emergence of global value chains in food and agriculture,\u0026nbsp;the extent to which smallholder farmers in developing countries participate in value chains and markets,\u0026nbsp;and the transformative impacts of digital technology on markets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2020. The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2020. Agricultural markets and sustainable development: Global value chains, smallholder farmers and digital innovations. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb0665en\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 23, 2020, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)\u0026nbsp;launched the latest edition of The State of\u0026nbsp;Agricultural\u0026nbsp;Commodity\u0026nbsp;Markets\u0026nbsp;(SOCO\u0026nbsp;2020) report with the underlying theme\u0026nbsp;of “Agricultural\u0026nbsp;markets and\u0026nbsp;sustainable\u0026nbsp;development: Global\u0026nbsp;value\u0026nbsp;chains,\u0026nbsp;smallholder\u0026nbsp;farmers and\u0026nbsp;digital\u0026nbsp;innovations”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESOCO 2020\u0026nbsp;discusses\u0026nbsp;the trends and challenges\u0026nbsp;in agricultural commodity markets focusing on\u0026nbsp;the evolution of trade and markets,\u0026nbsp;the emergence of global value chains in food and agriculture,\u0026nbsp;the extent to which smallholder farmers in developing countries participate in value chains and markets,\u0026nbsp;and the transformative impacts of digital technology on markets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2020. The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2020. Agricultural markets and sustainable development: Global value chains, smallholder farmers and digital innovations. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb0665en\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200925#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-25", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "139. 国連食糧農業機関 (FAO): 農産物市場白書 2020", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "139. FAO: The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2020", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月23日、国連食糧農業機関 (FAO)は、「農産物市場白書 2020. 農業市場と持続可能な開発：グローバルバリューチェーン・小規模農民・デジタルイノベーション」を公表しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 23, 2020, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) launched the latest edition of The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets (SOCO 2020) report with the underlying theme of “Agricultural markets and sustainable development: Global value chains, smallholder farmers and digital innovations”.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月23日、国連食糧農業機関 (FAO)は、「農産物市場白書 2020. 農業市場と持続可能な開発：グローバルバリューチェーン・小規模農民・デジタルイノベーション　The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2020. Agricultural markets and sustainable development: Global value chains, smallholder farmers and digital innovations」を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eグローバルな農業食料貿易は1995年来拡大をし続け、2018年には1.5兆ドルに到達、とりわけ新興・途上国による輸出が増大し世界全体の3分の1を占めるようになっています。白書は、小規模農民を含む包括的な経済成長と持続可能な開発における世界貿易とマーケットの重要性に言及し、現在のコロナ禍・バッタ大発生・気候変動などのショックに対する強靭性強化の必要性を論じています。デジタル・テクノロジーは市場の機能向上に貢献し、農民による市場アクセスを改善します。食料のeコマースなどのイノベーションは農民・消費者の双方に利益をもたらす可能性がありますが、デジタル革命の恩恵が最貧困層にも届くためには、農業におけるデジタル格差の解消が前提となります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E以下、貿易と市場のトレンドと変化をもたらす要因について幾つか挙げます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cul\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E国際農業食料貿易は、技術進歩、都市化、人口・所得増、輸送費低下、貿易政策、輸入関税削減、といった要因に影響を受けます。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E2001年から2018年の間、上位・下位中所得国はグローバルな農業食料輸出におけるシェアを25％から36％に拡大しました。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E世界農業食料貿易は実質価値で1995年から倍増しましたが、2008年金融危機以後、成長率は鈍化しており、さらにCOVID-19パンデミックにより影響を受けると予測されています。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E2008年金融危機と経済不況は農業食料グローバル・バリューチェーンの進化を失速させましたが、COVID-19パンデミックの影響も懸念されています。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003Eデジタル・テクノロジーは、農場から食卓に至るフードバリューチェーンの全段階において、効率性を改善し、雇用を創出し、資源のムダを削減する可能性をもたらしています。しかし同時に、技術イノベーションが食料生産・加工・取引・消費のあり方に与える影響を予測することは困難です。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E欧州や中央アジア・東アジア・太平洋地域の国々は域内で交易する傾向がありますが、南アジア・ラテンアメリカ-カリブ地域・サブサハラアフリカ・北アメリカ・中東北アフリカは世界的規模で貿易を行っています。サブサハラアフリカとラテンアメリカ-`カリブ地域における農産物輸出の90％が域外向けです。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E貿易は、余剰地域から不足地域への食料の動きを通じ、当面の間は世界の食料栄養安全保障に重要な役割を果たしていくでしょう。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E地域貿易協定はグローバルなバリューチェーン参加を刺激し、制度・政治改革の契機となりえます。多くの脆弱な国々が世界市場に依存する中、多国間貿易システムの促進が重要な意味を持ちます。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ul\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2020. The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2020. Agricultural markets and sustainable development: Global value chains, smallholder farmers and digital innovations. Rome, FAO. http://www.fao.org/publications/soco/en/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 23, 2020, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)\u0026nbsp;launched the latest edition of The State of\u0026nbsp;Agricultural\u0026nbsp;Commodity\u0026nbsp;Markets\u0026nbsp;(SOCO\u0026nbsp;2020) report with the underlying theme\u0026nbsp;of “Agricultural\u0026nbsp;markets and\u0026nbsp;sustainable\u0026nbsp;development: Global\u0026nbsp;value\u0026nbsp;chains,\u0026nbsp;smallholder\u0026nbsp;farmers and\u0026nbsp;digital\u0026nbsp;innovations”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESOCO 2020\u0026nbsp;discusses\u0026nbsp;the trends and challenges\u0026nbsp;in agricultural commodity markets focusing on\u0026nbsp;the evolution of trade and markets,\u0026nbsp;the emergence of global value chains in food and agriculture,\u0026nbsp;the extent to which smallholder farmers in developing countries participate in value chains and markets,\u0026nbsp;and the transformative impacts of digital technology on markets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO. 2020. The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2020. Agricultural markets and sustainable development: Global value chains, smallholder farmers and digital innovations. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb0665en\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200925_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200929_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-28", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "140. Global Biodiversity Outlook 5", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "140. Global Biodiversity Outlook 5", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (Montreal, Canada) released the Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 (GBO-5) on September 15, 2020. This year marks the final year of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, which include the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets (Aichi Targets) around the strategic goals. However, assessment of the progress showed that none of the targets were completely achieved.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (Montreal, Canada) released the Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 (GBO-5) on September 15, 2020. This year marks the final year of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, which include the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets (Aichi Targets) around the strategic goals. However, assessment of the progress showed that none of the targets were completely achieved.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (Montreal, Canada) released the Global Biodiversity\u0026nbsp;Outlook 5 (GBO-5)\u0026nbsp;on September 15, 2020.\u0026nbsp;GBO-5 provides \u0026nbsp;global summary of progress towards the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and is based on a range of indicators, research studies and assessments\u0026nbsp;of the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES)\u0026nbsp;Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services\u0026nbsp;as well as the\u0026nbsp;national reports\u0026nbsp;provided by countries on their implementation of the\u0026nbsp;Convention on Biological Diversity.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year marks the final year of the\u0026nbsp;Strategic Plan for Biodiversity\u0026nbsp;2011-2020,\u0026nbsp;which include the 20\u0026nbsp;Aichi Biodiversity Targets\u0026nbsp;(Aichi Targets)\u0026nbsp;around the strategic goals. However,\u0026nbsp;assessment of the progress showed that none of the\u0026nbsp;targets\u0026nbsp;were completely achieved.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Biodiversity Outlook (GBO) https://www.cbd.int/gbo5\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI\u0026nbsp;Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (Montreal, Canada) released the Global Biodiversity\u0026nbsp;Outlook 5 (GBO-5)\u0026nbsp;on September 15, 2020.\u0026nbsp;GBO-5 provides \u0026nbsp;global summary of progress towards the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and is based on a range of indicators, research studies and assessments\u0026nbsp;of the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES)\u0026nbsp;Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services\u0026nbsp;as well as the\u0026nbsp;national reports\u0026nbsp;provided by countries on their implementation of the\u0026nbsp;Convention on Biological Diversity.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year marks the final year of the\u0026nbsp;Strategic Plan for Biodiversity\u0026nbsp;2011-2020,\u0026nbsp;which include the 20\u0026nbsp;Aichi Biodiversity Targets\u0026nbsp;(Aichi Targets)\u0026nbsp;around the strategic goals. However,\u0026nbsp;assessment of the progress showed that none of the\u0026nbsp;targets\u0026nbsp;were completely achieved.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Biodiversity Outlook (GBO) https://www.cbd.int/gbo5\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI\u0026nbsp;Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200928#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-28", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "140. 地球規模生物多様性概況　第5版", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "140. Global Biodiversity Outlook 5", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "生物多様性条約事務局（カナダ・モントリオール）は9月15日、地球規模生物多様性概況第5版を公表しました。今年は、2011－2020年の戦略計画「生物多様性の損失を止めるための効果的かつ緊急な行動を実施する」の最終年にあたりますが、戦略で設定された20の個別目標（愛知目標）の達成状況について、完全に達成できたものはありませんでした。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (Montreal, Canada) released the Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 (GBO-5) on September 15, 2020. This year marks the final year of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, which include the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets (Aichi Targets) around the strategic goals. However, assessment of the progress showed that none of the targets were completely achieved.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E生物多様性条約事務局（カナダ・モントリオール）は9月15日、地球規模生物多様性概況第5版を公表しました。今年は、2011－2020年の戦略計画「生物多様性の損失を止めるための効果的かつ緊急な行動を実施する」の最終年にあたりますが、戦略で設定された20の個別目標（愛知目標）の達成状況について、完全に達成できたものはありませんでした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003E生物多様性条約と戦略計画\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E生物多様性条約は1992年にブラジルのリオ・デ・ジャネイロで開催された「環境と開発に関する国際連合会議（地球サミット）」で採択されました。さらにその10年後の2002年には、第6回締約国会議（COP6）において戦略計画「締約国は現在の生物多様性の損失速度を2010年までに顕著に減少させる」が定められました。しかし、計画の中で設定した目標のすべてを達成できず、2010年に開催された第10回締約国会議（COP10）において新たに戦略計画が採択され、2050年までに「自然と共生する世界」を実現することを目指し、2020年までに「生物多様性の損失を止めるための効果的かつ緊急な行動を実施する」こととしました。この中で個別目標として20項目の愛知目標が定められています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003E地球規模生物多様性概況第5版の概要\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E地球規模生物多様性概況第5版は、国別の報告書や生物多様性に関する研究成果やデータを分析して生物多様性戦略計画2011-2020及び愛知目標の達成状況について分析した報告書です。報告書によれば20項目の愛知目標のうち６項目は一部達成と評価したものの完全に達成したものはありませんでした。20の目標はさらに細分化した60の要素で評価しており、７項目（11.7%）が達成、38項目（63.3％）が進展あり、15項目（25.0％）が進展なし・後退、もしくは不明でした。愛知目標に応じて各国が国別目標の範囲や目標のレベルを設定していますが、愛知目標の達成に必要とされる内容とズレがあったと指摘しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3\u003Eポスト2020目標\u003C/h3\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2050年ビジョン「自然との共生」の達成にむけて、生物多様性の保全・再生に関する取組の拡大、気候変動対策、生物多様性損失の要因への対応、生産・消費様式の変革及び持続可能な財とサービスの取引といった様々な分野での行動を、連携させていくことが必要です。今回の概況を受けて、次の10年に向けた「ポスト愛知目標」が第15回締約国会議（COP15）にて採択される予定ですが、新型コロナウイルスの影響で、今年10月から来年5月に延期されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（研究戦略室・金森　紀仁）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Biodiversity Outlook (GBO) https://www.cbd.int/gbo5\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E地球規模生物多様性概況第５版（GBO５）の公表について https://www.env.go.jp/press/108447.html\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (Montreal, Canada) released the Global Biodiversity\u0026nbsp;Outlook 5 (GBO-5)\u0026nbsp;on September 15, 2020.\u0026nbsp;GBO-5 provides \u0026nbsp;global summary of progress towards the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and is based on a range of indicators, research studies and assessments\u0026nbsp;of the\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES)\u0026nbsp;Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services\u0026nbsp;as well as the\u0026nbsp;national reports\u0026nbsp;provided by countries on their implementation of the\u0026nbsp;Convention on Biological Diversity.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThis year marks the final year of the\u0026nbsp;Strategic Plan for Biodiversity\u0026nbsp;2011-2020,\u0026nbsp;which include the 20\u0026nbsp;Aichi Biodiversity Targets\u0026nbsp;(Aichi Targets)\u0026nbsp;around the strategic goals. However,\u0026nbsp;assessment of the progress showed that none of the\u0026nbsp;targets\u0026nbsp;were completely achieved.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Biodiversity Outlook (GBO) https://www.cbd.int/gbo5\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI\u0026nbsp;Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200928_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200929#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-29", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "141. One Earth: Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "141. One Earth: Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On September 18, 2020, One Earth journal published an article “Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems” with an analysis showing that between 2000 and 2013, a land area of pristine nature approximately the size of Mexico became highly modified by human activities. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 18, 2020, One Earth journal published an article “Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems” with an analysis showing that between 2000 and 2013, a land area of pristine nature approximately the size of Mexico became highly modified by human activities. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 18, 2020, One Earth\u0026nbsp;journal\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an article “Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems” with an analysis showing that between 2000 and 2013,\u0026nbsp;a land area of pristine nature approximately the size of Mexico became highly modified by\u0026nbsp;human activities.\u0026nbsp;The article also\u0026nbsp;provides\u0026nbsp;inter-comparable maps of the terrestrial human footprint and assessment of change in human pressure at global, biome, and ecoregional scales.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe highlights of the article are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;58% of terrestrial earth is under moderate or intense human pressure\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;1.9 million sq. km of intact land became highly modified between 2000 and 2013\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The most impacted were tropical grasslands and Southeast Asian forests\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Greater efforts are urgently needed to retain the earth’s remaining intact ecosystem\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWilliams et al. 2020. Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems\u0026nbsp; One Earth VOLUME 3, ISSUE 3, P371-382, SEPTEMBER 18, 2020\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220304188\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220304188\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 18, 2020, One Earth\u0026nbsp;journal\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an article “Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems” with an analysis showing that between 2000 and 2013,\u0026nbsp;a land area of pristine nature approximately the size of Mexico became highly modified by\u0026nbsp;human activities.\u0026nbsp;The article also\u0026nbsp;provides\u0026nbsp;inter-comparable maps of the terrestrial human footprint and assessment of change in human pressure at global, biome, and ecoregional scales.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe highlights of the article are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;58% of terrestrial earth is under moderate or intense human pressure\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;1.9 million sq. km of intact land became highly modified between 2000 and 2013\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The most impacted were tropical grasslands and Southeast Asian forests\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Greater efforts are urgently needed to retain the earth’s remaining intact ecosystem\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWilliams et al. 2020. Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems\u0026nbsp; One Earth VOLUME 3, ISSUE 3, P371-382, SEPTEMBER 18, 2020\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220304188\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220304188\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200929#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-29", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "141. One Earth: 地上における人類の資源消費(フットプリント)が手付かずの生態系の喪失を誘引", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "141. One Earth: Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月18日、One Earth誌にて、「地上における人類の資源消費(フットプリント)が手付かずの生態系の喪失を誘引する」が公表されました。2000～2013年の間に、メキシコの面積に相当する手付かずの自然が人類活動により改変されました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 18, 2020, One Earth journal published an article “Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems” with an analysis showing that between 2000 and 2013, a land area of pristine nature approximately the size of Mexico became highly modified by human activities. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月18日、One Earth誌にて、「地上における人類の資源消費(フットプリント)が手付かずの生態系の喪失を誘引するChange in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems」が公表されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E生態系への人間活動の影響を地図上に可視化することは、地球システムに関する人類の影響を理解する上で重要です。近年、コンピューター能力の向上、地球観測衛星、最新ボトムアップ型センサス、クラウド上のデータ等により、我々のマッピング能力も進化しています。本論文は、地上における人類の資源消費(フットプリント)とグローバル・生物群系・エコリージョンの各スケールにおける人類活動の変化を捉える最新地図を提供します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2013年、地球上の陸域の42％は人為的な攪乱要因とは相対的に無縁であり、25％が(人類の活動範囲から最も劣化していない) 手付かずの自然(“wilderness”)であると推定されました。他方、2000年から2013年の間に、比較的人類の攪乱要因から無縁であった190万平方キロメートルの土地　―　メキシコの国土に相当する面積　―　が改変されました。熱帯-亜熱帯草地・サバンナ・灌木エコシステムにおいて最も変化が見られましたが、東南アジアの熱帯雨林も急速な変化を経験しました。論文の結果は、人類のフットプリントが、地球に最後に残る手付かずのエコシステムを侵食しているという事実を示しており、保全のために最大限の努力が必要とされていることを意味しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eハイライト\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 地球の陸域の58.4%が程度の差こそあれ人類活動の影響下に置かれています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 2000～2013年の間に、190万平方キロメートルの手付かずの地域が人類活動により改変されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; 世界的に見て、熱帯草地と東南アジア森林が最大のインパクトを受けています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;地球に残された手付かずのエコシステムを保全するための努力が早急に求められています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWilliams et al. 2020. Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems\u0026nbsp; One Earth VOLUME 3, ISSUE 3, P371-382, SEPTEMBER 18, 2020\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220304188\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220304188\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 18, 2020, One Earth\u0026nbsp;journal\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;an article “Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems” with an analysis showing that between 2000 and 2013,\u0026nbsp;a land area of pristine nature approximately the size of Mexico became highly modified by\u0026nbsp;human activities.\u0026nbsp;The article also\u0026nbsp;provides\u0026nbsp;inter-comparable maps of the terrestrial human footprint and assessment of change in human pressure at global, biome, and ecoregional scales.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe highlights of the article are as follows:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;58% of terrestrial earth is under moderate or intense human pressure\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;1.9 million sq. km of intact land became highly modified between 2000 and 2013\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;The most impacted were tropical grasslands and Southeast Asian forests\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E•\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Greater efforts are urgently needed to retain the earth’s remaining intact ecosystem\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWilliams et al. 2020. Change in Terrestrial Human Footprint Drives Continued Loss of Intact Ecosystems\u0026nbsp; One Earth VOLUME 3, ISSUE 3, P371-382, SEPTEMBER 18, 2020\u0026nbsp; \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220304188\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220304188\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200929_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201015_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-30", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "142. World Bank Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Progress over the past decade may be compromised", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "142. World Bank Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Progress over the past decade may be compromised", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The World Bank published the “The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19” on September 16, 2020. The Human Capital Index (HCI) is an international metric that measures the human capital that a child born today can expect to attain by the age of 18, taking into account the current health and education situation of the country. The impact of the new coronavirus could slow down the progress in improving human capital.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Bank published the “The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19” on September 16, 2020. The Human Capital Index (HCI) is an international metric that measures the human capital that a child born today can expect to attain by the age of 18, taking into account the current health and education situation of the country. The impact of the new coronavirus could slow down the progress in improving human capital.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank published the\u0026nbsp;“The Human Capital Index 2020 Update:\u0026nbsp;Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19”\u0026nbsp;on September 16, 2020. The Human Capital Index\u0026nbsp;(HCI)\u0026nbsp;is an\u0026nbsp;international metric\u0026nbsp;that measures the human capital that a child born today\u0026nbsp;can expect to attain\u0026nbsp;by the age of 18, taking into account the\u0026nbsp;current\u0026nbsp;health and education situation of the country. The impact of the new coronavirus could slow down the progress\u0026nbsp;in improving\u0026nbsp;human capital.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34432\u0022\u003EThe Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Press Release:\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/ja/news/press-release/2020/09/16/pandemic-threatens-human-capital-gains-of-the-past-decade-new-report-says\u0022\u003EPandemic Threatens Human Capital Gains of the Past Decade, New Report Says\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34432 accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank published the\u0026nbsp;“The Human Capital Index 2020 Update:\u0026nbsp;Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19”\u0026nbsp;on September 16, 2020. The Human Capital Index\u0026nbsp;(HCI)\u0026nbsp;is an\u0026nbsp;international metric\u0026nbsp;that measures the human capital that a child born today\u0026nbsp;can expect to attain\u0026nbsp;by the age of 18, taking into account the\u0026nbsp;current\u0026nbsp;health and education situation of the country. The impact of the new coronavirus could slow down the progress\u0026nbsp;in improving\u0026nbsp;human capital.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34432\u0022\u003EThe Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Press Release:\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/ja/news/press-release/2020/09/16/pandemic-threatens-human-capital-gains-of-the-past-decade-new-report-says\u0022\u003EPandemic Threatens Human Capital Gains of the Past Decade, New Report Says\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34432 accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200930#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-09-30", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "142. 世界銀行報告書「人的資本指標2020」：過去10年の蓄積が損なわれるおそれ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "142. World Bank Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Progress over the past decade may be compromised", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal4", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標4 質の高い教育をみんなに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 4: Quality Education", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "世界銀行は9月16日、「人的資本指標2020」報告書を発行しました。人的資本指標（Human Capital Index）とは、その国の健康・教育に関する状況を考慮したうえで、今日生まれた子どもが18歳になるまでに蓄積されるであろう人的資本を測る指標です。新型コロナウイルスの影響により、進捗を見せていた人的資本の構築が後退する恐れがあります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The World Bank published the “The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19” on September 16, 2020. The Human Capital Index (HCI) is an international metric that measures the human capital that a child born today can expect to attain by the age of 18, taking into account the current health and education situation of the country. The impact of the new coronavirus could slow down the progress in improving human capital.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界銀行は9月16日、「人的資本指標2020」報告書を発行しました。人的資本指標（Human Capital Index）とは、その国の健康・教育に関する状況を考慮したうえで、今日生まれた子どもが18歳になるまでに蓄積されるであろう人的資本を測る指標です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今回の報告書では、174か国の2020年3月までの最新データが掲載されており、新型コロナウイルス感染症の起こる前の子供の保健・教育に関する基準値を示しています。今年3月時点では多くの国が人的資本の構築に着実な進捗を見せていました。2010年から2020年の10年間に、人的資本指標は世界で平均して2.6ポイント（４％）増加し、特に人的資本指標が低い国の増加が顕著にみられました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E進捗を見せていたとはいえ、健康や教育の状態に全く問題がない場合と比べると、それでも平均して潜在的な人的資本の56％しか発揮できないとみられていました。また低所得国に限るとその数字は37％という状態でした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eその後、新型コロナウイルスの影響により、世界で平均して半年分の教育が失われたり、健康に関するサービスが中断されたり、世帯所得が減少し子供の栄養状態が悪化したりしました。特に貧しい人や脆弱な人達がリスクにさらされており、断固とした政策がなければ、新型コロナウイルスの人的資本への悪影響は今後何十年と続くと考えられます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34432 accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界銀行　プレスリリースhttps://www.worldbank.org/ja/news/press-release/2020/09/16/pandemic-threatens-human-capital-gains-of-the-past-decade-new-report-says accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank published the\u0026nbsp;“The Human Capital Index 2020 Update:\u0026nbsp;Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19”\u0026nbsp;on September 16, 2020. The Human Capital Index\u0026nbsp;(HCI)\u0026nbsp;is an\u0026nbsp;international metric\u0026nbsp;that measures the human capital that a child born today\u0026nbsp;can expect to attain\u0026nbsp;by the age of 18, taking into account the\u0026nbsp;current\u0026nbsp;health and education situation of the country. The impact of the new coronavirus could slow down the progress\u0026nbsp;in improving\u0026nbsp;human capital.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34432\u0022\u003EThe Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;Accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Press Release:\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/ja/news/press-release/2020/09/16/pandemic-threatens-human-capital-gains-of-the-past-decade-new-report-says\u0022\u003EPandemic Threatens Human Capital Gains of the Past Decade, New Report Says\u003C/a\u003E. Accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. The Human Capital Index 2020 Update: Human Capital in the Time of COVID-19. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34432 accessed on Sep 28, 2020.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202009/20200930_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201005_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "143. Additional 0.5°C can have a significant impact on global aridity", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "143. Additional 0.5°C can have a significant impact on global aridity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The risks due to increased aridity and drought have become major global concerns. However, there have been few studies on risk assessment based on controlling levels of warming. According to an article in Environmental Research Letters published on September 15, 2020, it is possible to reduce the frequency extreme dry-year and mitigate aridification in some regions by controlling the temperature rise from the pre-industrial levels within 2°C or 1.5°C. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The risks due to increased aridity and drought have become major global concerns. However, there have been few studies on risk assessment based on controlling levels of warming. According to an article in Environmental Research Letters published on September 15, 2020, it is possible to reduce the frequency extreme dry-year and mitigate aridification in some regions by controlling the temperature rise from the pre-industrial levels within 2°C or 1.5°C. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe risks due to increased aridity and drought have become major\u0026nbsp;global concerns. However, there have been few studies on risk assessment\u0026nbsp;based on\u0026nbsp;controlling levels of warming. According to\u0026nbsp;an article in\u0026nbsp;Environmental Research Letters\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;on September 15, 2020, it is possible to reduce the frequency\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;dry-year\u0026nbsp;and mitigate aridification\u0026nbsp;in some regions by controlling the temperature rise from\u0026nbsp;the pre-industrial levels\u0026nbsp;within 2°C or 1.5°C.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAkira Takeshima et al.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3\u0022\u003EGlobal aridity changes due to differences in surface energy and water balance between 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Environmental Research Letters (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe risks due to increased aridity and drought have become major\u0026nbsp;global concerns. However, there have been few studies on risk assessment\u0026nbsp;based on\u0026nbsp;controlling levels of warming. According to\u0026nbsp;an article in\u0026nbsp;Environmental Research Letters\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;on September 15, 2020, it is possible to reduce the frequency\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;dry-year\u0026nbsp;and mitigate aridification\u0026nbsp;in some regions by controlling the temperature rise from\u0026nbsp;the pre-industrial levels\u0026nbsp;within 2°C or 1.5°C.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAkira Takeshima et al.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3\u0022\u003EGlobal aridity changes due to differences in surface energy and water balance between 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Environmental Research Letters (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201001#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-01", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "143. 0.5℃の追加的温暖化は世界の乾燥化に大きな影響をもたらしうる", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "143. Additional 0.5°C can have a significant impact on global aridity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "気候変動による乾燥・干ばつの頻度増加は世界的な懸念事項です。しかし、気温上昇率抑制水準に応じたリスク評価の研究はこれまで殆どありませんでした。2020年9月15日、Environmental Research Letters誌にて、産業化以前からの気温上昇を2℃あるいは1.5℃以内に抑制するかにより、地域によっては異常乾燥年の頻度を抑制することが可能であることを示唆しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The risks due to increased aridity and drought have become major global concerns. However, there have been few studies on risk assessment based on controlling levels of warming. According to an article in Environmental Research Letters published on September 15, 2020, it is possible to reduce the frequency extreme dry-year and mitigate aridification in some regions by controlling the temperature rise from the pre-industrial levels within 2°C or 1.5°C. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動による乾燥・干ばつの頻度増加は世界的な懸念事項です。しかし、気温上昇率を1.5℃あるいは2℃以内に抑制するという温暖化水準に応じたリスク評価の研究はこれまで殆どありませんでした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月15日、Environmental Research Letters誌にて、東京大学研究者らが論文を発表、産業化以前からの気温上昇を1.5℃あるいは2℃以内に抑制するかにより、温暖化による世界的な乾燥・干ばつ状況への影響度が異なりうることを示しました。分析の結果、気温上昇が2℃の場合、アマゾン河川敷、ヨーロッパ西部、アフリカ南部において乾燥状態の頻度が増加しますが、1.5℃に抑制することで異常乾燥年の頻度を抑制することが可能であることを示唆しました。アジアの広範な地域では、1.5℃、2℃双方の温暖化シナリオの下で次第に湿潤化することが予測されています。オーストラリアを含む幾つかの地域では、2℃以下の温暖化で乾燥化が強まるのとは対照的に2℃の温暖化で湿潤状態へのシフトが予測されるなど、非線形的な乾燥状態へのシフトが生じる可能性があります。本研究は、0.5℃の追加的な温暖化現象を組み込むうえで、世界的な温暖化に対する地域の降雨パターンの反応が非線形的な影響をもたらす点について、より慎重に評価されるべきとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAkira Takeshima et al, Global aridity changes due to differences in surface energy and water balance between 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming, Environmental Research Letters (2020). DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe risks due to increased aridity and drought have become major\u0026nbsp;global concerns. However, there have been few studies on risk assessment\u0026nbsp;based on\u0026nbsp;controlling levels of warming. According to\u0026nbsp;an article in\u0026nbsp;Environmental Research Letters\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;on September 15, 2020, it is possible to reduce the frequency\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;dry-year\u0026nbsp;and mitigate aridification\u0026nbsp;in some regions by controlling the temperature rise from\u0026nbsp;the pre-industrial levels\u0026nbsp;within 2°C or 1.5°C.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAkira Takeshima et al.\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3\u0022\u003EGlobal aridity changes due to differences in surface energy and water balance between 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;Environmental Research Letters (2020).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3 https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9db3\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201001_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201005_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "144. Science: High-impact Marine Heatwaves Attributable to Human-induced Global Warming", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "144. Science: High-impact Marine Heatwaves Attributable to Human-induced Global Warming", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On September 25, 2020, a report entitled “High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming” was published in Science magazine. The report warns that anthropogenic climate change is causing unusually increased ocean temperatures, and the frequency of marine heatwaves has increased more than 10-fold which could have a tremendous impact on the marine ecosystem.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 25, 2020, a report entitled “High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming” was published in Science magazine. The report warns that anthropogenic climate change is causing unusually increased ocean temperatures, and the frequency of marine heatwaves has increased more than 10-fold which could have a tremendous impact on the marine ecosystem.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 25, 2020, a\u0026nbsp;report entitled\u0026nbsp;“High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming”\u0026nbsp;was published in Science magazine. The report warns that anthropogenic climate change is causing unusually increased ocean temperatures, and the frequency of marine heatwaves has increased more than 10-fold which\u0026nbsp;could have a tremendous impact on the marine ecosystem.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECharlotte Laufkötter et al.\u0026nbsp;High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming https://science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6511/1621\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 25, 2020, a\u0026nbsp;report entitled\u0026nbsp;“High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming”\u0026nbsp;was published in Science magazine. The report warns that anthropogenic climate change is causing unusually increased ocean temperatures, and the frequency of marine heatwaves has increased more than 10-fold which\u0026nbsp;could have a tremendous impact on the marine ecosystem.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECharlotte Laufkötter et al.\u0026nbsp;High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming https://science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6511/1621\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201002#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-02", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "144. Science: 海洋熱波は人為的な温暖化に起因する", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "144. Science: High-impact Marine Heatwaves Attributable to Human-induced Global Warming", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月25日、Science誌にて、「海洋熱波は人為的な温暖化に起因する」との論文を公表、人為的な温暖化のため、海洋熱波が起こる頻度が10倍になっているとし、海洋のエコシステムに甚大な影響をもたらしかねないと警鐘をならしました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On September 25, 2020, a report entitled “High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming” was published in Science magazine. The report warns that anthropogenic climate change is causing unusually increased ocean temperatures, and the frequency of marine heatwaves has increased more than 10-fold which could have a tremendous impact on the marine ecosystem.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月25日、Science誌にて、「海洋熱波は人為的な温暖化に起因するHigh-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming」との論文を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人為的な気候変動は大気気温の記録的な高温を頻発化させるだけでなく、以上に高い海洋温度が持続する事象の頻発化ももたらします。人知れず起こる地域的に高い海面温度の持続期間によって定義される海洋熱波は、ここ数十年、発生頻度が高くなっています。論文は、人為的な温暖化のため、これら事象が起こる頻度が10倍になっているとし、産業化以前は海洋熱波は100年から1000年おきに生じていたのが、世界の平均気温が3℃上昇すれば毎年～10年の頻度で発生しかねない、と警鐘をならしています。海洋熱波は、海洋のエコシステムに甚大な影響をもたらしかねません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECharlotte Laufkötter et al.\u0026nbsp; High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming https://science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6511/1621\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn September 25, 2020, a\u0026nbsp;report entitled\u0026nbsp;“High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming”\u0026nbsp;was published in Science magazine. The report warns that anthropogenic climate change is causing unusually increased ocean temperatures, and the frequency of marine heatwaves has increased more than 10-fold which\u0026nbsp;could have a tremendous impact on the marine ecosystem.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ECharlotte Laufkötter et al.\u0026nbsp;High-impact marine heatwaves attributable to human-induced global warming https://science.sciencemag.org/content/369/6511/1621\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201002_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201005#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-05", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "145. Economist Network for the 75th Anniversary of the United Nations: Shaping theTrends of Our Time", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "145. Economist Network for the 75th Anniversary of the United Nations: Shaping theTrends of Our Time", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In September 2020, the United Nations Economists Network published the “Report of the UN Economist Network for the UN 75th Anniversary: Shaping theTrends of Our Time”. The report examined the five megatrends that shape the world, namely, climate change, demographic shifts (particularly population aging), urbanization, emergence of digital technologies, and inequalities that are affecting economic, social and environmental outcomes. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In September 2020, the United Nations Economists Network published the “Report of the UN Economist Network for the UN 75th Anniversary: Shaping theTrends of Our Time”. The report examined the five megatrends that shape the world, namely, climate change, demographic shifts (particularly population aging), urbanization, emergence of digital technologies, and inequalities that are affecting economic, social and environmental outcomes. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn September 2020, the United Nations\u0026nbsp;Economists Network published\u0026nbsp;the “Report of the UN\u0026nbsp;Economist\u0026nbsp;Network\u0026nbsp;for the\u0026nbsp;UN\u0026nbsp;75th Anniversary:\u0026nbsp;Shaping theTrends\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Our Time”. The report examined the\u0026nbsp;five megatrends that\u0026nbsp;shape the world, namely, climate change, demographic shifts (particularly population aging), urbanization, emergence of digital technologies, and inequalities\u0026nbsp;that are affecting economic, social and environmental outcomes. The report also emphasized that efforts to\u0026nbsp;redirect\u0026nbsp;these trends\u0026nbsp;must be reinforced toensure that the\u0026nbsp;Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 and\u0026nbsp;an equitable\u0026nbsp;future\u0026nbsp;will be achieved\u0026nbsp;over the next 75 years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available for download at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/20-124-UNEN-75Report-2-1.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/report-of-the-un-economist-network-for-the-un-75th-anniversary-shaping-the-trends-of-our-time.html\u0022\u003EReport of the UN Economist Network for the UN 75th Anniversary Shaping the Trends of Our Time\u003C/a\u003E SEPTEMBER 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn September 2020, the United Nations\u0026nbsp;Economists Network published\u0026nbsp;the “Report of the UN\u0026nbsp;Economist\u0026nbsp;Network\u0026nbsp;for the\u0026nbsp;UN\u0026nbsp;75th Anniversary:\u0026nbsp;Shaping theTrends\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Our Time”. The report examined the\u0026nbsp;five megatrends that\u0026nbsp;shape the world, namely, climate change, demographic shifts (particularly population aging), urbanization, emergence of digital technologies, and inequalities\u0026nbsp;that are affecting economic, social and environmental outcomes. The report also emphasized that efforts to\u0026nbsp;redirect\u0026nbsp;these trends\u0026nbsp;must be reinforced toensure that the\u0026nbsp;Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 and\u0026nbsp;an equitable\u0026nbsp;future\u0026nbsp;will be achieved\u0026nbsp;over the next 75 years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available for download at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/20-124-UNEN-75Report-2-1.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/report-of-the-un-economist-network-for-the-un-75th-anniversary-shaping-the-trends-of-our-time.html\u0022\u003EReport of the UN Economist Network for the UN 75th Anniversary Shaping the Trends of Our Time\u003C/a\u003E SEPTEMBER 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201005#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-05", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "145. 国連75周年記念のための経済学者ネットワーク：我々の時代を形成するトレンド", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "145. Economist Network for the 75th Anniversary of the United Nations: Shaping theTrends of Our Time", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal11", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標11 住み続けられるまちづくりを", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月、国連は「国連75周年記念のための経済学者ネットワーク：我々の時代を形成するトレンド」を公表し、世界経済・社会・環境への影響が大きい5つのメガトレンド　―　気候変動、人口動態のシフト（とりわけ高齢化）、都市化、デジタル技術の進展、格差の拡大　―　の分析を行いました。2030年に向けて持続可能な開発目標を達成し、次の75年間に包括的・持続的・平等な未来を達成する上で、これらトレンドを方向転換するための努力が求められています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In September 2020, the United Nations Economists Network published the “Report of the UN Economist Network for the UN 75th Anniversary: Shaping theTrends of Our Time”. The report examined the five megatrends that shape the world, namely, climate change, demographic shifts (particularly population aging), urbanization, emergence of digital technologies, and inequalities that are affecting economic, social and environmental outcomes. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月、国連は「国連75周年記念のための経済学者ネットワーク：我々の時代を形成するトレンド　Report of the UN Economist Network for the UN 75th Anniversary Shaping the Trends of Our Time」を公表し、世界経済・社会・環境への影響が大きい5つのメガトレンド　―　気候変動、人口動態のシフト（とりわけ高齢化）、都市化、デジタル技術の進展、格差の拡大　―　の分析を行いました。2030年に向けて持続可能な開発目標を達成し、次の75年間に包括的・持続的・平等な未来を達成する上で、これらトレンドを方向転換するための努力が求められています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこれら5つのメガトレンドは全て人間の意思決定と政策的選択の結果といえます。このうち三つ　－人口動態、都市化、技術革新―、は人類の進歩の表れであり、不可避なトレンドです。他方、気候変動・環境劣化は不可避ではなく、政策の失敗によるものです。不可避かどうかを区別することは今後の政策決定上重要な意味を持ちます。最初の3つのメガトレンドは社会・経済にとり決して悪いことではなく、メリットを最大化し、デメリットを最小化することで乗り切るべきです。他方、気候変動と環境劣化にはメリットは何もなく、逆転させねばならないものです。同様のことは格差についても言え、放置すれば持続的開発を脅かしかねません。最初の3つのメガトレンドは国ごとの政策に依存しますが、気候変動は国際的な協力によってしか解決しえません。格差は国内・国際政策の双方での対応が欠かせず、とくに技術アクセスへの格差はグローバルな協調が必要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動と環境劣化の要因は我々の社会と経済に深く根差しています。このメガトレンドを逆転させるには消費嗜好や行動に影響を与えるライフスタイルの意識的な変化、環境に優しい生産過程、資源利用の効率化、企業の社会的責任を含む、需要・供給双方の転換を必要とします。とりわけ、人為的な土地利用の変化の主要因である、食料生産システムを持続的に移行させることが重要になります。生物資源多様性と気候に関する深い理解を通じ、土地生産性と生活水準の維持に貢献することが可能です。洪水の影響緩和のためのマングローブ林の回復や湿地帯保全など、自然資本構築の分野で大きな機会があります。自然資源ベースの解決、土地劣化中立性、サーキュラーエコノミーなど複合的なアプローチがカギとなります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. Report of the UN Economist Network for the UN 75th Anniversary Shaping the Trends of Our Time SEPTEMBER 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/report-of-the-un-economist-network-for-the-un-75th-anniversary-shaping-the-trends-of-our-time.html\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/20-124-UNEN-75Report-2-1.pdf\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/20-124-UNEN-75Report-2-1.pdf\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn September 2020, the United Nations\u0026nbsp;Economists Network published\u0026nbsp;the “Report of the UN\u0026nbsp;Economist\u0026nbsp;Network\u0026nbsp;for the\u0026nbsp;UN\u0026nbsp;75th Anniversary:\u0026nbsp;Shaping theTrends\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Our Time”. The report examined the\u0026nbsp;five megatrends that\u0026nbsp;shape the world, namely, climate change, demographic shifts (particularly population aging), urbanization, emergence of digital technologies, and inequalities\u0026nbsp;that are affecting economic, social and environmental outcomes. The report also emphasized that efforts to\u0026nbsp;redirect\u0026nbsp;these trends\u0026nbsp;must be reinforced toensure that the\u0026nbsp;Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 and\u0026nbsp;an equitable\u0026nbsp;future\u0026nbsp;will be achieved\u0026nbsp;over the next 75 years.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available for download at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/09/20-124-UNEN-75Report-2-1.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/report-of-the-un-economist-network-for-the-un-75th-anniversary-shaping-the-trends-of-our-time.html\u0022\u003EReport of the UN Economist Network for the UN 75th Anniversary Shaping the Trends of Our Time\u003C/a\u003E SEPTEMBER 2020\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201005_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201006#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "146. JIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020 – Program is Now Open", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "146. JIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020 – Program is Now Open", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Established in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, JIRCAS is celebrating its 50th anniversary this year (2020). An international symposium will be held on November 10 (Tue) to commemorate the 50th founding anniversary. We are organizing a webinar-style event under the theme “The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system”. Please refer to the 50th Anniversary page for the program and other details. Online registration will start on October 8th.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Established in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, JIRCAS is celebrating its 50th anniversary this year (2020). An international symposium will be held on November 10 (Tue) to commemorate the 50th founding anniversary. We are organizing a webinar-style event under the theme “The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system”. Please refer to the 50th Anniversary page for the program and other details. Online registration will start on October 8th.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EEstablished\u0026nbsp;in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS is\u0026nbsp;celebrating\u0026nbsp;its 50th anniversary this year (2020). An international symposium will be held on November 10\u0026nbsp;(Tue)\u0026nbsp;to commemorate the 50th\u0026nbsp;founding\u0026nbsp;anniversary.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn line with\u0026nbsp;the ever-changing scenarios surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic,\u0026nbsp;we are organizing\u0026nbsp;a webinar-style event under the theme\u0026nbsp;“The role of\u0026nbsp;international collaboration\u0026nbsp;in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;global food system”.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease\u0026nbsp;refer to\u0026nbsp;the 50th Anniversary page for the program\u0026nbsp;and other details. Online registration\u0026nbsp;will\u0026nbsp;start on October 8th.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/symposium/2020/e20201110\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegistration: Oct\u0026nbsp;8 (Thu) 13:00 -- Nov 4 (Thu) 17:00　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EURL:\u0026nbsp;　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/intlsymp2020\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/form/intlsymp2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EEstablished\u0026nbsp;in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS is\u0026nbsp;celebrating\u0026nbsp;its 50th anniversary this year (2020). An international symposium will be held on November 10\u0026nbsp;(Tue)\u0026nbsp;to commemorate the 50th\u0026nbsp;founding\u0026nbsp;anniversary.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn line with\u0026nbsp;the ever-changing scenarios surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic,\u0026nbsp;we are organizing\u0026nbsp;a webinar-style event under the theme\u0026nbsp;“The role of\u0026nbsp;international collaboration\u0026nbsp;in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;global food system”.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease\u0026nbsp;refer to\u0026nbsp;the 50th Anniversary page for the program\u0026nbsp;and other details. Online registration\u0026nbsp;will\u0026nbsp;start on October 8th.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/symposium/2020/e20201110\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegistration: Oct\u0026nbsp;8 (Thu) 13:00 -- Nov 4 (Thu) 17:00　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EURL:\u0026nbsp;　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/intlsymp2020\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/form/intlsymp2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201006#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-06", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "146. JIRCAS創立50周年記念国際シンポジウム2020　－　プログラム公開", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "146. JIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020 – Program is Now Open", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農研は1970年に農林省熱帯農業研究センターとして創立され、今年（2020年）50周年を迎えました。このたび、令和2年11月10日（火）に、創立50周年記念を記念した国際シンポジウムを開催します。本年は、「ポスト・コロナ時代のグローバル・フードシステムをとりまく地球規模課題の展開と農林水産業研究における国際連携の役割」をテーマに、ウェビナー形式での開催を予定しております。プログラム内容は50周年記念ページをご覧ください。オンライン参加登録につきましては、10月8日に受付開始の予定です。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Established in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, JIRCAS is celebrating its 50th anniversary this year (2020). An international symposium will be held on November 10 (Tue) to commemorate the 50th founding anniversary. We are organizing a webinar-style event under the theme “The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system”. Please refer to the 50th Anniversary page for the program and other details. Online registration will start on October 8th.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は1970年に農林省熱帯農業研究センターとして創立され、今年（2020年）50周年を迎えました。このたび、令和2年11月10日（火）に、創立50周年記念を記念した国際シンポジウムを開催します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本年はコロナ感染症対策をめぐる事情が刻々と変化するのを踏まえ、「ポスト・コロナ時代のグローバル・フードシステムをとりまく地球規模課題の展開と農林水産業研究における国際連携の役割」をテーマに、ウェビナー形式での開催を予定しております。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eプログラム内容は以下の50周年記念ページをご覧ください。オンライン参加登録につきましては、10月8日に受付開始の予定です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/symposium/2020/e20201110\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/a\u003E　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E受付期間　2020年10月08日 (木) 13:00 - 2020年11月04日 (水) 17:00\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E申込受付　URL:\u0026nbsp;　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/intlsymp2020\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/intlsymp2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EEstablished\u0026nbsp;in 1970 as the Tropical Agriculture Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS is\u0026nbsp;celebrating\u0026nbsp;its 50th anniversary this year (2020). An international symposium will be held on November 10\u0026nbsp;(Tue)\u0026nbsp;to commemorate the 50th\u0026nbsp;founding\u0026nbsp;anniversary.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn line with\u0026nbsp;the ever-changing scenarios surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic,\u0026nbsp;we are organizing\u0026nbsp;a webinar-style event under the theme\u0026nbsp;“The role of\u0026nbsp;international collaboration\u0026nbsp;in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19\u0026nbsp;global food system”.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease\u0026nbsp;refer to\u0026nbsp;the 50th Anniversary page for the program\u0026nbsp;and other details. Online registration\u0026nbsp;will\u0026nbsp;start on October 8th.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/symposium/2020/e20201110\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegistration: Oct\u0026nbsp;8 (Thu) 13:00 -- Nov 4 (Thu) 17:00　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EURL:\u0026nbsp;　\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/intlsymp2020\u0022\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/form/intlsymp2020\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/press/Pick%20Up%20146.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201009_1#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "147. Asymmetric changes on the impact of climate change during daytime and night-time ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "147. Asymmetric changes on the impact of climate change during daytime and night-time ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Biologically important organismal activities occur at specific times of the day, and asymmetric changes on the effects of climate change between the daytime and night-time can have a significant impact on nature. A paper published in Global Change Biology found that between 1983-2017, the area that experienced nighttime warming above 0.25°C was more than twice that of the area that experienced daytime warming in regions that showed warming asymmetry. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Biologically important organismal activities occur at specific times of the day, and asymmetric changes on the effects of climate change between the daytime and night-time can have a significant impact on nature. A paper published in Global Change Biology found that between 1983-2017, the area that experienced nighttime warming above 0.25°C was more than twice that of the area that experienced daytime warming in regions that showed warming asymmetry. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EBiologically important\u0026nbsp;organismal\u0026nbsp;activities occur at specific times of the day, and asymmetric changes\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;the effects of\u0026nbsp;climate change between\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;daytime\u0026nbsp;and night-time\u0026nbsp;can have a significant impact on nature. A paper published in \u003Cem\u003EGlobal Change Biology\u003C/em\u003E found that between 1983-2017, the area that experienced nighttime warming above 0.25°C was more than\u0026nbsp;twice\u0026nbsp;that of the\u0026nbsp;area\u0026nbsp;that experienced daytime warming\u0026nbsp;in regions that showed warming asymmetry.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full paper is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDaniel T. C. Cox et al, Global variation in diurnal asymmetry in temperature, cloud cover, specific humidity and precipitation and its association with leaf area index, Global Change Biology (2020). DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15336\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EBiologically important\u0026nbsp;organismal\u0026nbsp;activities occur at specific times of the day, and asymmetric changes\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;the effects of\u0026nbsp;climate change between\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;daytime\u0026nbsp;and night-time\u0026nbsp;can have a significant impact on nature. A paper published in \u003Cem\u003EGlobal Change Biology\u003C/em\u003E found that between 1983-2017, the area that experienced nighttime warming above 0.25°C was more than\u0026nbsp;twice\u0026nbsp;that of the\u0026nbsp;area\u0026nbsp;that experienced daytime warming\u0026nbsp;in regions that showed warming asymmetry.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full paper is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDaniel T. C. Cox et al, Global variation in diurnal asymmetry in temperature, cloud cover, specific humidity and precipitation and its association with leaf area index, Global Change Biology (2020). DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15336\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201007#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-07", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "147. 日中と夜間の気候変動影響の非対称的な変化", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "147. Asymmetric changes on the impact of climate change during daytime and night-time ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "生物学的に重要な生物活動は一日の内の特定の時間帯に起こり、日中と夜のあいだに対する気候変動影響の非対称的な変化は、自然界に大きなインパクトをもたらす可能性があります。Global Change Biology誌で公表された論文は、1983－2017年の間、0.25℃以上の夜間の温暖化を経験した地域面積が、日中の温暖化を経験した地域の2倍以上に及んだことを示しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Biologically important organismal activities occur at specific times of the day, and asymmetric changes on the effects of climate change between the daytime and night-time can have a significant impact on nature. A paper published in Global Change Biology found that between 1983-2017, the area that experienced nighttime warming above 0.25°C was more than twice that of the area that experienced daytime warming in regions that showed warming asymmetry. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Change Biology誌で「気温・雲量・湿度・降水量と葉面積指数に関する日中の非対称性の世界的な変化量 Global variation in diurnal asymmetry in temperature, cloud cover, specific humidity and precipitation and its association with leaf area index」論文が公表されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候の変動が生物学的世界へ与える影響は、緯度・生息環境・空間規模によって異なります。対照的に、こうした変化が起こる一日のうちの時間帯については、比較的にこれまで十分な議論がありませんでした。生物学的に重要な生物活動は一日の内の特定の時間帯に起こり、日中と夜間の気候変動影響の非対称的な変化は、自然界に大きなインパクトをもたらす可能性があります。本論文は、最高気温・最低気温・雲量・湿度や降水量に関し、日中と夜間の平均変化率について調べました。1983年から2017年の間、時間ごとの気候データをもとめ、各時間を日照中あるいは日没の暗い時間へと振り分けました。非対称的に0.5℃以上温暖化うる地域に関しては、雲量・湿度・降水量について調べ、非対称的な温暖化への生物学的対応を捉えうる指標として、葉面積指数(leaf area index-LAI)の変化についても調べました。夜間の気温変化が日中の気温変化よりも0.5℃以上高い場合、雲量・湿度・降水量が上昇する関係を示しました。逆に、日中の気温変化が夜間の気温変化よりも0.5℃以上高い場合、気温・雲量・湿度・降水量は下がりました。雲量の増加が日中の気温低下をもたらすことにより、0.25℃以上の夜間の温暖化を経験した地域面積が、日中の温暖化を経験した地域の2倍以上に及び、より湿潤となったことで、植物生理や種の間の関係に大きな影響を及ぼしかねません。逆に夜間に比べて日中の温暖化がおこる場合は、高温・乾燥状態と相関があり、高温ストレスと水不足にさらされることを意味します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDaniel T. C. Cox et al, Global variation in diurnal asymmetry in temperature, cloud cover, specific humidity and precipitation and its association with leaf area index, Global Change Biology (2020). DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15336\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EBiologically important\u0026nbsp;organismal\u0026nbsp;activities occur at specific times of the day, and asymmetric changes\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;the effects of\u0026nbsp;climate change between\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;daytime\u0026nbsp;and night-time\u0026nbsp;can have a significant impact on nature. A paper published in \u003Cem\u003EGlobal Change Biology\u003C/em\u003E found that between 1983-2017, the area that experienced nighttime warming above 0.25°C was more than\u0026nbsp;twice\u0026nbsp;that of the\u0026nbsp;area\u0026nbsp;that experienced daytime warming\u0026nbsp;in regions that showed warming asymmetry.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full paper is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDaniel T. C. Cox et al, Global variation in diurnal asymmetry in temperature, cloud cover, specific humidity and precipitation and its association with leaf area index, Global Change Biology (2020). DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15336\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201007_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201009_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "148. International Cooperation Day", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "148. International Cooperation Day", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "October 6th is designated as “International Cooperation Day\u0022. On this day in 1954, the Japanese government decided to join the Colombo Plan and started the Official Development Assistance (ODA) to developing countries. Since 1955, Japan has been promoting technical cooperation such as accepting trainees from overseas and dispatching experts. To commemorate this initiative, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) designated October 6 as \u0022International Cooperation Day\u0022 in 1987 to promote public understanding and participation in international cooperation. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "October 6th is designated as “International Cooperation Day\u0022. On this day in 1954, the Japanese government decided to join the Colombo Plan and started the Official Development Assistance (ODA) to developing countries. Since 1955, Japan has been promoting technical cooperation such as accepting trainees from overseas and dispatching experts. To commemorate this initiative, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) designated October 6 as \u0022International Cooperation Day\u0022 in 1987 to promote public understanding and participation in international cooperation. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EDo you know that\u0026nbsp;October 6th\u0026nbsp;is designated in Japan as\u0026nbsp;“International Cooperation Day\u0022?\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn this day in 1954, the Japanese government decided to join the Colombo Plan and started\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Official Development Assistance (ODA) to developing countries. Since 1955,\u0026nbsp;Japan has\u0026nbsp;been providing technical cooperation such as accepting trainees from overseas and dispatching experts. To commemorate this\u0026nbsp;initiative, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs\u0026nbsp;(MFA)\u0026nbsp;and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) designated October 6 as \u0022International Cooperation Day\u0022\u0026nbsp;in 1987\u0026nbsp;to promote public understanding and participation in international cooperation.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince its establishment as\u0026nbsp;the Tropical Agricultural Research Center (TARC) in 1970, JIRCAS has been a front runner in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in tropical or subtropical regions and other developing regions for half a century\u0026nbsp;and is currently conducting joint research with 66 research institutes in 29 countries. In addition, in order to promote joint research with research institutes in these regions, we are implementing a program\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;inviting\u0026nbsp;administrators\u0026nbsp;and researchers of joint research\u0026nbsp;projects\u0026nbsp;to Japan. A\u0026nbsp;total of 2,422\u0026nbsp;administrators\u0026nbsp;and researchers from 83 countries\u0026nbsp;have been invited so far.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn anticipation of global issues that will continue to grow in importance,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;will hold\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;international\u0026nbsp;symposium focusing on the importance of international joint research in the fields of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing regions. At this symposium, we will discuss important research issues in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing regions,\u0026nbsp;on the challenges affecting the global food system, including those emerging with and likely to evolve after the COVID-19 period, together with joint research institutes. In addition,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS and its partners will exchange views and opinions on how to develop an effective, impact-oriented mode of international research collaboration.\u0026nbsp;We are looking forward to your participation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease\u0026nbsp;refer to\u0026nbsp;the 50th Anniversary page for the program\u0026nbsp;and other details.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegistration: Oct\u0026nbsp;8 (Thu) 13:00 -- Nov 4 (Thu) 17:00　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EURL:\u0026nbsp;　https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/form/intlsymp2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（Note）Colombo Plan：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Colombo Plan for Economic and\u0026nbsp;Social\u0026nbsp;Development in Asia\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;Pacific was established\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;January 1950\u0026nbsp;at the Commonwealth\u0026nbsp;Conference on\u0026nbsp;Foreign\u0026nbsp;Affairs\u0026nbsp;held in Colombo, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). It was initially conceived as a\u0026nbsp;cooperative venture for the\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;and social advancement\u0026nbsp;within\u0026nbsp;a group of seven\u0026nbsp;Commonwealth\u0026nbsp;nations, but\u0026nbsp;has grown\u0026nbsp;into an inter governmental organisation of 27 members including non-Commonwealth countries,\u0026nbsp;with the addition of the United States, Japan and Southeast Asian countries.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference：https://colombo-plan.org\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EDo you know that\u0026nbsp;October 6th\u0026nbsp;is designated in Japan as\u0026nbsp;“International Cooperation Day\u0022?\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn this day in 1954, the Japanese government decided to join the Colombo Plan and started\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Official Development Assistance (ODA) to developing countries. Since 1955,\u0026nbsp;Japan has\u0026nbsp;been providing technical cooperation such as accepting trainees from overseas and dispatching experts. To commemorate this\u0026nbsp;initiative, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs\u0026nbsp;(MFA)\u0026nbsp;and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) designated October 6 as \u0022International Cooperation Day\u0022\u0026nbsp;in 1987\u0026nbsp;to promote public understanding and participation in international cooperation.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince its establishment as\u0026nbsp;the Tropical Agricultural Research Center (TARC) in 1970, JIRCAS has been a front runner in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in tropical or subtropical regions and other developing regions for half a century\u0026nbsp;and is currently conducting joint research with 66 research institutes in 29 countries. In addition, in order to promote joint research with research institutes in these regions, we are implementing a program\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;inviting\u0026nbsp;administrators\u0026nbsp;and researchers of joint research\u0026nbsp;projects\u0026nbsp;to Japan. A\u0026nbsp;total of 2,422\u0026nbsp;administrators\u0026nbsp;and researchers from 83 countries\u0026nbsp;have been invited so far.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn anticipation of global issues that will continue to grow in importance,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;will hold\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;international\u0026nbsp;symposium focusing on the importance of international joint research in the fields of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing regions. At this symposium, we will discuss important research issues in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing regions,\u0026nbsp;on the challenges affecting the global food system, including those emerging with and likely to evolve after the COVID-19 period, together with joint research institutes. In addition,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS and its partners will exchange views and opinions on how to develop an effective, impact-oriented mode of international research collaboration.\u0026nbsp;We are looking forward to your participation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease\u0026nbsp;refer to\u0026nbsp;the 50th Anniversary page for the program\u0026nbsp;and other details.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegistration: Oct\u0026nbsp;8 (Thu) 13:00 -- Nov 4 (Thu) 17:00　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EURL:\u0026nbsp;　https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/form/intlsymp2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（Note）Colombo Plan：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Colombo Plan for Economic and\u0026nbsp;Social\u0026nbsp;Development in Asia\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;Pacific was established\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;January 1950\u0026nbsp;at the Commonwealth\u0026nbsp;Conference on\u0026nbsp;Foreign\u0026nbsp;Affairs\u0026nbsp;held in Colombo, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). It was initially conceived as a\u0026nbsp;cooperative venture for the\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;and social advancement\u0026nbsp;within\u0026nbsp;a group of seven\u0026nbsp;Commonwealth\u0026nbsp;nations, but\u0026nbsp;has grown\u0026nbsp;into an inter governmental organisation of 27 members including non-Commonwealth countries,\u0026nbsp;with the addition of the United States, Japan and Southeast Asian countries.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference：https://colombo-plan.org\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201008#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-08", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "148. 国際協力の日", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "148. International Cooperation Day", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "10月6日は『国際協力の日』でした。1954年のこの日、日本政府はコロンボ・プラン（注）への加盟を閣議決定し、開発途上国に対する政府開発援助（ODA）を開始しました。翌1955年からは海外からの研修員の受け入れや専門家の派遣といった政府ベースの技術協力を行っています。これを記念して、1987年に外務省と国際協力事業団（現：国際協力機構JICA）は10月6日を『国際協力の日』と定めて，国際協力への国民の理解と参加を呼びかけています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "October 6th is designated as “International Cooperation Day\u0022. On this day in 1954, the Japanese government decided to join the Colombo Plan and started the Official Development Assistance (ODA) to developing countries. Since 1955, Japan has been promoting technical cooperation such as accepting trainees from overseas and dispatching experts. To commemorate this initiative, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) designated October 6 as \u0022International Cooperation Day\u0022 in 1987 to promote public understanding and participation in international cooperation. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E10月6日は『国際協力の日』でしたが、ご存じでしたか？\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1954年のこの日、日本政府はコロンボ・プラン（注）への加盟を閣議決定し、開発途上国に対する政府開発援助（ODA）を開始しました。翌1955年からは海外からの研修員の受け入れや専門家の派遣といった技術協力を行っています。これを記念して、1987年に外務省と国際協力事業団（現：国際協力機構JICA）は10月6日を『国際協力の日』と定めて，国際協力への国民の理解と参加を呼びかけています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は、1970年に熱帯農業研究センター(TARC)として創立して以来、半世紀にわたり、熱帯または亜熱帯に属する地域やその他の開発途上地域における農林水産業分野の国際共同研究を牽引するフロントランナーとして活動を続け、現在では29カ国66の研究機関と共同研究を実施しております。また、これらの地域の研究機関等と行う共同研究を推進するために、共同研究先の管理者や研究員を日本に招へいする事業を実施しており、これまでに招へいした管理者・研究者は83カ国から延べ2,422名にのぼります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今後も重要性を増していく地球規模課題を見据え、開発途上地域の農林水産業分野における国際共同研究の重要性に着目したJIRCAS国際シンポジウムを開催します。本シンポジウムでは、コロナ禍で露呈したグローバル・フードシステムの課題といった開発途上地域の農林水産業分野における重要研究課題について共同研究機関とともに議論します。さらに、より効果的でインパクトのある国際連携の在り方について意見交換しますので、皆様のシンポジウムへのご参加をお待ちしております。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS創立50周年記念国際シンポジウム2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/symposium/2020/e20201110　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eプログラム内容は以下の50周年記念ページをご覧ください。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E受付期間　2020年10月08日 (木) 13:00 - 2020年11月04日 (水) 17:00\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E申込受付　URL: 　https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/form/intlsymp2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（注）コロンボ・プラン：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアジア・太平洋地域諸国の経済社会開発を推進することを目的として1950年1月に発足した経済協力機構。セイロン（現：スリランカ）のコロンボで開催されたイギリス連邦外相会議で設立が合意された。当初、イギリス連邦内の経済協力機構として構想されたため、加盟国はイギリス連邦内の7か国にとどまっていたが、アメリカ、日本、東南アジアの国々が加わり、現在では27か国が加盟している。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考：コロンボ・プラン https://colombo-plan.org/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　金森 紀仁）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EDo you know that\u0026nbsp;October 6th\u0026nbsp;is designated in Japan as\u0026nbsp;“International Cooperation Day\u0022?\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EOn this day in 1954, the Japanese government decided to join the Colombo Plan and started\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Official Development Assistance (ODA) to developing countries. Since 1955,\u0026nbsp;Japan has\u0026nbsp;been providing technical cooperation such as accepting trainees from overseas and dispatching experts. To commemorate this\u0026nbsp;initiative, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs\u0026nbsp;(MFA)\u0026nbsp;and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) designated October 6 as \u0022International Cooperation Day\u0022\u0026nbsp;in 1987\u0026nbsp;to promote public understanding and participation in international cooperation.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ESince its establishment as\u0026nbsp;the Tropical Agricultural Research Center (TARC) in 1970, JIRCAS has been a front runner in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in tropical or subtropical regions and other developing regions for half a century\u0026nbsp;and is currently conducting joint research with 66 research institutes in 29 countries. In addition, in order to promote joint research with research institutes in these regions, we are implementing a program\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;inviting\u0026nbsp;administrators\u0026nbsp;and researchers of joint research\u0026nbsp;projects\u0026nbsp;to Japan. A\u0026nbsp;total of 2,422\u0026nbsp;administrators\u0026nbsp;and researchers from 83 countries\u0026nbsp;have been invited so far.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EIn anticipation of global issues that will continue to grow in importance,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;will hold\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;international\u0026nbsp;symposium focusing on the importance of international joint research in the fields of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing regions. At this symposium, we will discuss important research issues in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in developing regions,\u0026nbsp;on the challenges affecting the global food system, including those emerging with and likely to evolve after the COVID-19 period, together with joint research institutes. In addition,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS and its partners will exchange views and opinions on how to develop an effective, impact-oriented mode of international research collaboration.\u0026nbsp;We are looking forward to your participation.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease\u0026nbsp;refer to\u0026nbsp;the 50th Anniversary page for the program\u0026nbsp;and other details.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ERegistration: Oct\u0026nbsp;8 (Thu) 13:00 -- Nov 4 (Thu) 17:00　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EURL:\u0026nbsp;　https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/form/intlsymp2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（Note）Colombo Plan：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;Colombo Plan for Economic and\u0026nbsp;Social\u0026nbsp;Development in Asia\u0026nbsp;and the\u0026nbsp;Pacific was established\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;January 1950\u0026nbsp;at the Commonwealth\u0026nbsp;Conference on\u0026nbsp;Foreign\u0026nbsp;Affairs\u0026nbsp;held in Colombo, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). It was initially conceived as a\u0026nbsp;cooperative venture for the\u0026nbsp;economic\u0026nbsp;and social advancement\u0026nbsp;within\u0026nbsp;a group of seven\u0026nbsp;Commonwealth\u0026nbsp;nations, but\u0026nbsp;has grown\u0026nbsp;into an inter governmental organisation of 27 members including non-Commonwealth countries,\u0026nbsp;with the addition of the United States, Japan and Southeast Asian countries.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReference：https://colombo-plan.org\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201008_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201009#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "149. A Global Scenario on Providing Decent Living with Minimal Energy", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "149. A Global Scenario on Providing Decent Living with Minimal Energy", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "A paper entitled “Providing decent living with minimal energy: A global scenario” was published in Global Environmental Change”. In 2050, it is estimated that a practical minimal threshold for the final energy consumption required to provide decent material livings to the entire global population could be reduced to the level of the 1960s. This would require advanced technologies across all sectors and reductions in demand to sufficiency levels.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A paper entitled “Providing decent living with minimal energy: A global scenario” was published in Global Environmental Change”. In 2050, it is estimated that a practical minimal threshold for the final energy consumption required to provide decent material livings to the entire global population could be reduced to the level of the 1960s. This would require advanced technologies across all sectors and reductions in demand to sufficiency levels.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“Providing\u0026nbsp;decent\u0026nbsp;living\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;minimal\u0026nbsp;energy: A global\u0026nbsp;scenario”\u0026nbsp;was published in Global Environmental Change”. In 2050, it is\u0026nbsp;estimated that\u0026nbsp;a practical minimal threshold for the final energy consumption required to provide decent material livings to the entire global population\u0026nbsp;could be\u0026nbsp;reduced\u0026nbsp;to the level of the 1960s. This would require advanced technologies across all sectors\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;reductions in demand to sufficiency levels.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full paper is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJoel Millward-Hopkins et al. Providing decent living with minimum energy: A global scenario, Global Environmental Change (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102168\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“Providing\u0026nbsp;decent\u0026nbsp;living\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;minimal\u0026nbsp;energy: A global\u0026nbsp;scenario”\u0026nbsp;was published in Global Environmental Change”. In 2050, it is\u0026nbsp;estimated that\u0026nbsp;a practical minimal threshold for the final energy consumption required to provide decent material livings to the entire global population\u0026nbsp;could be\u0026nbsp;reduced\u0026nbsp;to the level of the 1960s. This would require advanced technologies across all sectors\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;reductions in demand to sufficiency levels.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full paper is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJoel Millward-Hopkins et al. Providing decent living with minimum energy: A global scenario, Global Environmental Change (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102168\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201009#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-09", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "149. 最低限のエネルギーでまともな生活を提供するには：グローバルシナリオ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "149. A Global Scenario on Providing Decent Living with Minimal Energy", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal7", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標7 エネルギーをみんなに、そしてクリーンに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Global Environmental Change誌に、「最低限のエネルギーでまともな生活を提供するには：グローバルシナリオ」論文が公表されました。2050年に世界中の人々に最低限のまともな生活水準を提供するに必要となるエネルギー消費は、1960年代水準まで抑制できる可能性がありますが、そのためには最新技術の適用と最低限に消費を抑制する変化を伴う必要があります。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "A paper entitled “Providing decent living with minimal energy: A global scenario” was published in Global Environmental Change”. In 2050, it is estimated that a practical minimal threshold for the final energy consumption required to provide decent material livings to the entire global population could be reduced to the level of the 1960s. This would require advanced technologies across all sectors and reductions in demand to sufficiency levels.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGlobal Environmental Change誌に、「最低限のエネルギーでまともな生活を提供するには：グローバルシナリオ」論文が公表されました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E生態系の破綻を回避するには、現在の人間社会と世界経済の在り方を抜本的に変革する必要があることが次第に明白になっています。一方、地球上の数十億の人々の物質的要求は未だに満たされていません。論文は、シンプルなボトムアップ型モデルを用い、世界中の人々に最低限のまともな生活水準を提供するに必要となる、現実的な最低限の最終エネルギー消費水準を推計しました。2050年の世界の最終エネルギー消費は、1960年代よりも人口が3倍増えた状況にかかわらず当時の水準まで抑制できるとしました。しかし、そのような世界は全てのセクターにおいて最新技術の適用と、所得水準にかかわらず最低限に消費を削減し需要を抑制する変化を伴う必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJoel Millward-Hopkins et al. Providing decent living with minimum energy: A global scenario, Global Environmental Change (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102168\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EA paper entitled\u0026nbsp;“Providing\u0026nbsp;decent\u0026nbsp;living\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;minimal\u0026nbsp;energy: A global\u0026nbsp;scenario”\u0026nbsp;was published in Global Environmental Change”. In 2050, it is\u0026nbsp;estimated that\u0026nbsp;a practical minimal threshold for the final energy consumption required to provide decent material livings to the entire global population\u0026nbsp;could be\u0026nbsp;reduced\u0026nbsp;to the level of the 1960s. This would require advanced technologies across all sectors\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;reductions in demand to sufficiency levels.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full paper is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJoel Millward-Hopkins et al. Providing decent living with minimum energy: A global scenario, Global Environmental Change (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102168\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201009_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201012#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "150. Future Food Systems: For People, Our Planet, and Prosperity", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "150. Future Food Systems: For People, Our Planet, and Prosperity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition published its new report, “Food Systems of the Future: Humanity, Our Earth, and Prosperity” on September 29, 2020. This report reveals that the underlying challenges are deep and that the current food systems fail to produce the foods essential for healthy diets in sufficient quantity and at affordable prices. In addition, food production is also driving the degradation of the natural environment and can have a profound impact on future generations. Although the report was commissioned in 2018, COVID-19 has exposed the vulnerabilities and fragility of the global food systems.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition published its new report, “Food Systems of the Future: Humanity, Our Earth, and Prosperity” on September 29, 2020. This report reveals that the underlying challenges are deep and that the current food systems fail to produce the foods essential for healthy diets in sufficient quantity and at affordable prices. In addition, food production is also driving the degradation of the natural environment and can have a profound impact on future generations. Although the report was commissioned in 2018, COVID-19 has exposed the vulnerabilities and fragility of the global food systems.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition published\u0026nbsp;its new report, “Food Systems of the Future: Humanity, Our Earth,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Prosperity” on\u0026nbsp;September\u0026nbsp;29,\u0026nbsp;2020. This report reveals that\u0026nbsp;the underlying challenges are deep and that the current food systems fail to produce the foods\u0026nbsp;essential\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;healthy diets\u0026nbsp;in sufficient quantity and\u0026nbsp;at affordable prices. In addition, food production is\u0026nbsp;also driving the\u0026nbsp;degradation of\u0026nbsp;the natural environment and can have a profound impact on future generations. Although the report was\u0026nbsp;commissioned\u0026nbsp;in 2018, COVID-19\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;exposed\u0026nbsp;the vulnerabilities and\u0026nbsp;fragility\u0026nbsp;of the global food systems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report enumerated the following priority policy actions to transition food systems towards sustainable, healthy diets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. Make sufficient nutrient-rich and staple foods available to all, produced sustainably.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Ensure foods move along value chains more efficiently, improving accessibility and resulting in lower cost and less loss\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Ensure sustainable, healthy diets are affordable to all, with lower demand for ultra-processed products\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Empower consumers to make more informed food choices, fueling rising demand for sustainable healthy diets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFuture Food Systems: For People, Our Planet, and Prosperity (Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition, 2020). https://www.glopan.org/foresight2/　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWebb, P., Benton, T.G., Beddington, J. et al. The urgency of food system transformation is now irrefutable. Nat Food (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-00161-0\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition published\u0026nbsp;its new report, “Food Systems of the Future: Humanity, Our Earth,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Prosperity” on\u0026nbsp;September\u0026nbsp;29,\u0026nbsp;2020. This report reveals that\u0026nbsp;the underlying challenges are deep and that the current food systems fail to produce the foods\u0026nbsp;essential\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;healthy diets\u0026nbsp;in sufficient quantity and\u0026nbsp;at affordable prices. In addition, food production is\u0026nbsp;also driving the\u0026nbsp;degradation of\u0026nbsp;the natural environment and can have a profound impact on future generations. Although the report was\u0026nbsp;commissioned\u0026nbsp;in 2018, COVID-19\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;exposed\u0026nbsp;the vulnerabilities and\u0026nbsp;fragility\u0026nbsp;of the global food systems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report enumerated the following priority policy actions to transition food systems towards sustainable, healthy diets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. Make sufficient nutrient-rich and staple foods available to all, produced sustainably.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Ensure foods move along value chains more efficiently, improving accessibility and resulting in lower cost and less loss\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Ensure sustainable, healthy diets are affordable to all, with lower demand for ultra-processed products\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Empower consumers to make more informed food choices, fueling rising demand for sustainable healthy diets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFuture Food Systems: For People, Our Planet, and Prosperity (Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition, 2020). https://www.glopan.org/foresight2/　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWebb, P., Benton, T.G., Beddington, J. et al. The urgency of food system transformation is now irrefutable. Nat Food (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-00161-0\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201012#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-12", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "150. 未来のフードシステム：人類、我々の地球、繁栄のために", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "150. Future Food Systems: For People, Our Planet, and Prosperity", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal12", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標12 つくる責任つかう責任", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年9月末、栄養のための農業とフードシステムに関するグローバル・パネルが、「未来のフードシステム：人類、我々の地球、繁栄のために」を公表しました。本報告書は、現在のフードシステムが、健康な食生活に欠かせない食料を入手可能な価格で十分に生産できていないという根の深い課題を抱えていることを明らかにします。また、食料生産は自然環境の劣化をもたらしており、将来世代に甚大な影響を及ぼしかねません。この報告書が構想されたのは2018年でしたが、COVID-19は世界のフードシステムが抱えていた脆弱性と不安定性を晒すことになりました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition published its new report, “Food Systems of the Future: Humanity, Our Earth, and Prosperity” on September 29, 2020. This report reveals that the underlying challenges are deep and that the current food systems fail to produce the foods essential for healthy diets in sufficient quantity and at affordable prices. In addition, food production is also driving the degradation of the natural environment and can have a profound impact on future generations. Although the report was commissioned in 2018, COVID-19 has exposed the vulnerabilities and fragility of the global food systems.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年9月末、栄養のための農業とフードシステムに関するグローバル・パネル (The Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition) が、「未来のフードシステム：人類、我々の地球、繁栄のために Future Food Systems: For people, our planet and prosperity 」を公表しました。報告書は、フードシステム・アプローチを用いた食生活の質を改善するための政策オプションを提示します。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今日、世界で6.9億人の人々が慢性的に低栄養状態にあります。その一方で30億人の人々が健康的な食生活に手が届かず、質の低い食生活が毎年1100万人の死亡原因となっています。持続的で、全ての人々に健康的な食生活を提供するには、機能不全状態にあるフードシステムの抜本的転換が必要です。温室効果ガス排出と生物多様性への影響を減らすべく、世界的に食生活パターンをシフトさせる必要があります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書の目的と価値は、最も信用たる科学とエビデンスに基づきながら、とりわけ低中所得国における政策事情も踏まえ、現実的な提案を提供することです。他方、現在のように密接に関連しあう世界において、高所得国のアクションも低中所得国に影響を与え、また自身が肥満や食生活関連の疾病問題を抱えています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書は、現在のフードシステムが、健康な食生活に欠かせない食料を入手可能な価格で十分に生産できていないという根の深い課題を抱えていることを明らかにします。また、食料生産は、土壌・水・大気・生物多様性・気候変動などの自然環境の劣化をもたらしており、将来世代の福祉に甚大な影響を及ぼしかねません。この報告書が構想されたのは2018年でしたが、COVID-19は世界のフードシステムが抱えていた脆弱性と不安定性を晒すことになりました。現状は持続的ではありません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E食料のアベイラビリティ向上に関連し、持続的なフードシステムへの移行を導くための原理が重要となります。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Col\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E量と質の双方が重要であり、栄養に富んだ食料を必要十分な量生産するというバランスをとる必要がある。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E小規模農民による生産と彼らの健康増進・温室効果ガス排出削減・自然資源利用の最適化・アグロフォレストリー慣行を通じた炭素隔離、などを通じた小規模農業の支援\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E農業生産高の重視からフードシステム全体の効率性改善への食料政策のフォーカスシフト\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\t\u003Cli\u003E農業の持続的集約化を通じた耕畜連携の理解―効率性改善、環境に負荷を与える慣行から環境に優しい慣行への転換、生産システムデザインの見直し。改善された栽培体系、デジタルイノベーション、新たな育種手法など、新規テクノロジーが持続的な生産性向上と農業生産システムの強靭性改善の推進に重要な役割を果たしうる。\u003C/li\u003E\r\n\u003C/ol\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFuture Food Systems: For People, Our Planet, and Prosperity (Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition, 2020). https://www.glopan.org/foresight2/　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWebb, P., Benton, T.G., Beddington, J. et al. The urgency of food system transformation is now irrefutable. Nat Food (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-00161-0\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition published\u0026nbsp;its new report, “Food Systems of the Future: Humanity, Our Earth,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Prosperity” on\u0026nbsp;September\u0026nbsp;29,\u0026nbsp;2020. This report reveals that\u0026nbsp;the underlying challenges are deep and that the current food systems fail to produce the foods\u0026nbsp;essential\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;healthy diets\u0026nbsp;in sufficient quantity and\u0026nbsp;at affordable prices. In addition, food production is\u0026nbsp;also driving the\u0026nbsp;degradation of\u0026nbsp;the natural environment and can have a profound impact on future generations. Although the report was\u0026nbsp;commissioned\u0026nbsp;in 2018, COVID-19\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;exposed\u0026nbsp;the vulnerabilities and\u0026nbsp;fragility\u0026nbsp;of the global food systems.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe report enumerated the following priority policy actions to transition food systems towards sustainable, healthy diets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E1. Make sufficient nutrient-rich and staple foods available to all, produced sustainably.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Ensure foods move along value chains more efficiently, improving accessibility and resulting in lower cost and less loss\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Ensure sustainable, healthy diets are affordable to all, with lower demand for ultra-processed products\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Empower consumers to make more informed food choices, fueling rising demand for sustainable healthy diets.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFuture Food Systems: For People, Our Planet, and Prosperity (Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition, 2020). https://www.glopan.org/foresight2/　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWebb, P., Benton, T.G., Beddington, J. et al. The urgency of food system transformation is now irrefutable. Nat Food (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-00161-0\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201012_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201014_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "151. United Nations World Food Program (WFP) Wins 2020 Nobel Peace Prize", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "151. United Nations World Food Program (WFP) Wins 2020 Nobel Peace Prize", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In October 2020, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) was awarded the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize. The award recognizes its efforts to combat hunger and contribute to bettering conditions for peace conditions in conflict areas. The impact of climate change and the economic crisis has exacerbated people\u0027s plight in recent years, and agricultural research that supports the dietary habits of people in climate- and socio-economically vulnerable areas is essential.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In October 2020, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) was awarded the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize. The award recognizes its efforts to combat hunger and contribute to bettering conditions for peace conditions in conflict areas. The impact of climate change and the economic crisis has exacerbated people\u0027s plight in recent years, and agricultural research that supports the dietary habits of people in climate- and socio-economically vulnerable areas is essential.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations World Food Program (WFP)\u0026nbsp;was awarded\u0026nbsp;the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize. The\u0026nbsp;WFP provides food assistance to millions of people around the world in particularly dangerous and inaccessible situations, and this award recognizes\u0026nbsp;its\u0026nbsp;efforts to combat hunger and contribute to\u0026nbsp;bettering conditions for\u0026nbsp;peace conditions in conflict areas.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of climate change and the economic crisis have made people\u0027s plight even worse in recent years.In addition, the\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 crisis\u0026nbsp;is now pushing millions to hundreds of millions of people to the brink of hunger\u0026nbsp;in just\u0026nbsp;one\u0026nbsp;year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAgricultural research that supports the dietary habits of people in climate- and socio-economically vulnerable areas is also essential to avoid\u0026nbsp;situations that require\u0026nbsp;emergency assistance.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;is working with research institutes in\u0026nbsp;many developing countries including those that are\u0026nbsp;constantly receiving food aid assistance, and conducting social surveys\u0026nbsp;that will lead to technological development to stabilize food production and proposals for measures to improve nutrition over the medium to long term (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406_0\u0022\u003EPick Up 10\u003C/a\u003E).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. UN World Food Programme wins 2020 Nobel Peace Prize, as hunger mounts. October 9, 2020. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/10/1075012\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 10. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Humanitarian and Food Crisis in the Central Sahel: The Case of Burkina Faso\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations World Food Program (WFP)\u0026nbsp;was awarded\u0026nbsp;the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize. The\u0026nbsp;WFP provides food assistance to millions of people around the world in particularly dangerous and inaccessible situations, and this award recognizes\u0026nbsp;its\u0026nbsp;efforts to combat hunger and contribute to\u0026nbsp;bettering conditions for\u0026nbsp;peace conditions in conflict areas.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of climate change and the economic crisis have made people\u0027s plight even worse in recent years.In addition, the\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 crisis\u0026nbsp;is now pushing millions to hundreds of millions of people to the brink of hunger\u0026nbsp;in just\u0026nbsp;one\u0026nbsp;year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAgricultural research that supports the dietary habits of people in climate- and socio-economically vulnerable areas is also essential to avoid\u0026nbsp;situations that require\u0026nbsp;emergency assistance.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;is working with research institutes in\u0026nbsp;many developing countries including those that are\u0026nbsp;constantly receiving food aid assistance, and conducting social surveys\u0026nbsp;that will lead to technological development to stabilize food production and proposals for measures to improve nutrition over the medium to long term (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406_0\u0022\u003EPick Up 10\u003C/a\u003E).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. UN World Food Programme wins 2020 Nobel Peace Prize, as hunger mounts. October 9, 2020. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/10/1075012\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 10. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Humanitarian and Food Crisis in the Central Sahel: The Case of Burkina Faso\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201013#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-13", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "151. 国連世界食糧計画（WFP）が2020年ノーベル平和賞を受賞", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "151. United Nations World Food Program (WFP) Wins 2020 Nobel Peace Prize", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年10月、国連世界食糧計画（WFP）が2020年ノーベル平和賞を受賞しました。今回の受賞においては、飢餓との闘い、紛争地域における和平条件への貢献などの努力が認められました。気候変動の衝撃と経済危機によって、近年人々の窮状はさらに悪化しており、気候・社会経済的に脆弱な地域の人々の食生活を支える農業研究も欠かせません。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In October 2020, the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) was awarded the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize. The award recognizes its efforts to combat hunger and contribute to bettering conditions for peace conditions in conflict areas. The impact of climate change and the economic crisis has exacerbated people\u0027s plight in recent years, and agricultural research that supports the dietary habits of people in climate- and socio-economically vulnerable areas is essential.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年10月、国連世界食糧計画（WFP）が2020年ノーベル平和賞を受賞しました。WFPは、世界中のとりわけ危険でアクセス困難な状況において数百万人の人々に食糧支援を提供しており、今回の受賞においては、飢餓との闘い、紛争地域における和平条件への貢献、戦争や紛争において飢餓が利用されることを回避する努力が認められました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E気候変動の衝撃と経済危機によって、人々の窮状は近年さらに悪化しています。さらに現在、新型コロナウイルスのパンデミックにより、さらに数百万～数億人の人々が一年以内に飢餓の瀬戸際に押しやられています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eこのような緊急支援状況を回避するには、気候・社会経済的に脆弱な地域の人々の食生活を支える農業研究も欠かせません。国際農研は、恒常的に食料援助支援の対象となっているような途上国においても、各国の研究機関と共同で、中長期的に食料生産を安定化する技術開発と栄養改善のための施策提言に繋がる社会調査を実施しています(\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200406_0\u0022\u003EPick Up 10\u003C/a\u003E)。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. UN World Food Programme wins 2020 Nobel Peace Prize, as hunger mounts. October 9, 2020. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/10/1075012\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国連WFPブログ　国連WFP事務局長がノーベル平和賞受賞で最前線のスタッフとパートナーをたたえる　https://ja.news.wfp.org/20-46-world-food-programme-chief-pays-tribute-to-front-line-staff-and-partners-after-nobel-peace-prize-7672e22c2b5c　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 10. 新型コロナウイルス・パンデミック ― 中央サヘル地域における人道・食料危機：ブルキナファソのケース　https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20200406_0　\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations World Food Program (WFP)\u0026nbsp;was awarded\u0026nbsp;the 2020 Nobel Peace Prize. The\u0026nbsp;WFP provides food assistance to millions of people around the world in particularly dangerous and inaccessible situations, and this award recognizes\u0026nbsp;its\u0026nbsp;efforts to combat hunger and contribute to\u0026nbsp;bettering conditions for\u0026nbsp;peace conditions in conflict areas.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe impact of climate change and the economic crisis have made people\u0027s plight even worse in recent years.In addition, the\u0026nbsp;COVID-19 crisis\u0026nbsp;is now pushing millions to hundreds of millions of people to the brink of hunger\u0026nbsp;in just\u0026nbsp;one\u0026nbsp;year.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAgricultural research that supports the dietary habits of people in climate- and socio-economically vulnerable areas is also essential to avoid\u0026nbsp;situations that require\u0026nbsp;emergency assistance.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;is working with research institutes in\u0026nbsp;many developing countries including those that are\u0026nbsp;constantly receiving food aid assistance, and conducting social surveys\u0026nbsp;that will lead to technological development to stabilize food production and proposals for measures to improve nutrition over the medium to long term (\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406_0\u0022\u003EPick Up 10\u003C/a\u003E).\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUnited Nations. UN World Food Programme wins 2020 Nobel Peace Prize, as hunger mounts. October 9, 2020. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/10/1075012\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPick Up 10. \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20200406_0\u0022\u003ENew Coronavirus Pandemic ― Humanitarian and Food Crisis in the Central Sahel: The Case of Burkina Faso\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201013_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201014#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "152. World Bank: Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020 ― Reversals of Fortune ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "152. World Bank: Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020 ― Reversals of Fortune ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In October 2020, the World Bank published the report “Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020 - Reversals of Fortune”. According to the report, although extreme poverty was steadily declining, this is the first time in 20 years that the number of extremely poor people will increase due to the COVID-19 crisis.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In October 2020, the World Bank published the report “Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020 - Reversals of Fortune”. According to the report, although extreme poverty was steadily declining, this is the first time in 20 years that the number of extremely poor people will increase due to the COVID-19 crisis.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn October 2020, the World Bank published the\u0026nbsp;report “Poverty and\u0026nbsp;Shared\u0026nbsp;Prosperity 2020\u0026nbsp;-\u0026nbsp;Reversals of Fortune”. According to the report,\u0026nbsp;although extreme poverty was steadily declining, \u0026nbsp;this is the first time in 20 years\u0026nbsp;that the number of extremely poor people will increase\u0026nbsp;due to the\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;crisis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. Poverty and Shared Prosperity. https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/poverty-and-shared-prosperity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank press release can be viewed at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/10/07/covid-19-to-add-as-many-as-150-million-extreme-poor-by-2021\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 to add as many as 150 million extreme poor by 2021\u003C/a\u003E. October 7, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn October 2020, the World Bank published the\u0026nbsp;report “Poverty and\u0026nbsp;Shared\u0026nbsp;Prosperity 2020\u0026nbsp;-\u0026nbsp;Reversals of Fortune”. According to the report,\u0026nbsp;although extreme poverty was steadily declining, \u0026nbsp;this is the first time in 20 years\u0026nbsp;that the number of extremely poor people will increase\u0026nbsp;due to the\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;crisis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. Poverty and Shared Prosperity. https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/poverty-and-shared-prosperity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank press release can be viewed at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/10/07/covid-19-to-add-as-many-as-150-million-extreme-poor-by-2021\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 to add as many as 150 million extreme poor by 2021\u003C/a\u003E. October 7, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201014#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-14", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "152. 世界銀行: 貧困と繁栄の共有2020 ―運命の逆転", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "152. World Bank: Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020 ― Reversals of Fortune ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal10", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標10 人や国の不平等をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 10: Reducing Inequalities", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年10月、世界銀行は、「貧困と繁栄の共有2020： 運命の」報告書を公表、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)パンデミックにより貧困削減の傾向が減速し、過去20年間で初めて極度貧困人口数が増加するとの見通しを発表しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In October 2020, the World Bank published the report “Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020 - Reversals of Fortune”. According to the report, although extreme poverty was steadily declining, this is the first time in 20 years that the number of extremely poor people will increase due to the COVID-19 crisis.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年10月、世界銀行は、「貧困と繁栄の共有2020： 運命の逆転　Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020 - Reversals of Fortune」報告書を公表、紛争や気候変動の影響で鈍化傾向にあった貧困削減の傾向が、新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) パンデミックによりさらに減速したことにより、2021年までに最大 1.5億人が極度の貧困に陥り、過去20年間で初めて極度貧困人口数が増加するとの見通しを発表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E報告書は、とりわけ中所得国での貧困が悪化し、新たな貧困層の約8割が中所得国に集中すること、従来農村部にみられる極度の貧困が今回は都市部でも増加することを予測し、貧困削減の努力のために各国が協力する必要を呼び掛けています。詳しくは、世界銀行発行の\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.worldbank.org/ja/news/press-release/2020/10/07/covid-19-to-add-as-many-as-150-million-extreme-poor-by-2021\u0022\u003Eプレスリリース\u003C/a\u003Eにて公表されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. Poverty and Shared Prosperity. https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/poverty-and-shared-prosperity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日本語プレスリリース .新型コロナウイルス感染症により2021年までに極度の貧困層が最大1億5,000万人増加2020年10月7日. https://www.worldbank.org/ja/news/press-release/2020/10/07/covid-19-to-add-as-many-as-150-million-extreme-poor-by-2021\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn October 2020, the World Bank published the\u0026nbsp;report “Poverty and\u0026nbsp;Shared\u0026nbsp;Prosperity 2020\u0026nbsp;-\u0026nbsp;Reversals of Fortune”. According to the report,\u0026nbsp;although extreme poverty was steadily declining, \u0026nbsp;this is the first time in 20 years\u0026nbsp;that the number of extremely poor people will increase\u0026nbsp;due to the\u0026nbsp;COVID-19\u0026nbsp;crisis.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. Poverty and Shared Prosperity. https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/poverty-and-shared-prosperity\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Bank press release can be viewed at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/10/07/covid-19-to-add-as-many-as-150-million-extreme-poor-by-2021\u0022\u003ECOVID-19 to add as many as 150 million extreme poor by 2021\u003C/a\u003E. October 7, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201014_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201015#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "153. Flooding in the Sahel Region of Africa", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "153. Flooding in the Sahel Region of Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The Sahel region of Africa which has a recurring problem of drought is now experiencing catastrophic levels of flooding. Indiscriminate and extreme violence has occurred throughout the Sahel, forcing more than 3.5 million people to evacuate domestically or across national borders. This is the worst and fastest-growing humanitarian crisis in the world, but the flooding has further exacerbated the crisis to a threatening level.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Sahel region of Africa which has a recurring problem of drought is now experiencing catastrophic levels of flooding. Indiscriminate and extreme violence has occurred throughout the Sahel, forcing more than 3.5 million people to evacuate domestically or across national borders. This is the worst and fastest-growing humanitarian crisis in the world, but the flooding has further exacerbated the crisis to a threatening level.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Sahel region of Africa\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;a recurring\u0026nbsp;problem\u0026nbsp;of drought\u0026nbsp;is now experiencing catastrophic levels offlooding. Indiscriminate and\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;violence has occurred throughout the Sahel, forcing more than 3.5 million people to evacuate domestically or across national borders. This is the worst and fastest-growing humanitarian crisis in the world, but the flooding has further exacerbated the crisis to a\u0026nbsp;threatening level.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at the UN News links below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1074152\u0022\u003EFlooding leaves South Sudan facing threat of ‘catastrophic’ hunger levels\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1073452\u0022\u003EDeadly flooding adds new danger to communities fleeing Sahel violence\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Sahel region of Africa\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;a recurring\u0026nbsp;problem\u0026nbsp;of drought\u0026nbsp;is now experiencing catastrophic levels offlooding. Indiscriminate and\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;violence has occurred throughout the Sahel, forcing more than 3.5 million people to evacuate domestically or across national borders. This is the worst and fastest-growing humanitarian crisis in the world, but the flooding has further exacerbated the crisis to a\u0026nbsp;threatening level.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at the UN News links below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1074152\u0022\u003EFlooding leaves South Sudan facing threat of ‘catastrophic’ hunger levels\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1073452\u0022\u003EDeadly flooding adds new danger to communities fleeing Sahel violence\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201015#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-15", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "153. アフリカ・サヘル地域の大洪水", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "153. Flooding in the Sahel Region of Africa", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal16", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標16 平和と公正をすべての人に", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "アフリカのサヘル地域は乾燥による問題を抱えておりますが、現在、大洪水が発生しています。サヘル全域では無差別的で激しい暴力が発生しており、350万人以上が国内でまたは国境を越えて避難することを余儀なくされています。これは世界で最悪かつ最も急速に拡大している人道的危機とも言えますが、その真っ只中でこの洪水被害が起こったため、その被害はまさに脅威的なレベルとなっています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The Sahel region of Africa which has a recurring problem of drought is now experiencing catastrophic levels of flooding. Indiscriminate and extreme violence has occurred throughout the Sahel, forcing more than 3.5 million people to evacuate domestically or across national borders. This is the worst and fastest-growing humanitarian crisis in the world, but the flooding has further exacerbated the crisis to a threatening level.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eアフリカのサヘル地域は乾燥による問題を抱えておりますが、現在、大洪水が発生しています。サヘル全域では無差別的で激しい暴力が発生しており、350万人以上が国内でまたは国境を越えて避難することを余儀なくされています。これは世界で最悪かつ最も急速に拡大している人道的危機とも言えますが、その真っ只中でこの洪水被害が起こったため、その被害はまさに脅威的なレベルとなっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E季節的な雨は8月に始まり、この10年で最悪だと考えられています。国連難民高等弁務官事務所（UNHCR）は声明のなかで、すでに援助物資は配布されているものの、ブルキナファソ、チャド、マリの広い範囲にまたがる地域で、避難所、安全な水、医療をさらに数千人が必要としていると述べました。5人に1人が暴力で避難しているブルキナファソでは、13の地域すべてで危険な水位の急上昇が起こり、41人が死亡し、12,300世帯以上が家を失いました。保健センターは損害を受け、水は汚染され、それにともなう健康被害が危惧されるうえ、農地も水没し、食料不足と、生計を収穫に依存している農民とその家族の脆弱性が高まっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eチャドでは236,000人以上が洪水の影響を受けました。マリでも、数千人が影響を受け、何百もの家屋が破壊されました。また、UNHCRによると、ニジェールも最も大きな打撃を受けている国の１つで、9月24日現在で71人が死亡し、35万人以上が全国の洪水の影響を受けています。避難民を受け入れている6つのサイトが洪水に見舞われ、9,000人以上が避難所を緊急に必要としています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eそして、南スーダンでは全域での豪雨と洪水が「壊滅的な」レベルの飢餓の脅威を生み出し、数十万人が家を失いました。WFPの関係者は、洪水はこの60年間で最悪の可能性があり、昨年の洪水の水が完全に引く前に今年の雨が始まったと説明しました。WFPによると、国の総人口の約半分に相当する約550万人が人道支援を必要としています。2019年の洪水はすでに「前例のない」ものであり、そして洪水シーズンのピークはこれからであるため、今年の危機はさらに深刻になる可能性があるとしました。南スーダンは、長年の内戦、地域間の紛争、政治的な争い、汚職により、自然災害に対して脆弱になっています。WFPは、食料を届けようにも届けられられない状態であることを踏まえ、洪水によって作物が破壊されたコミュニティを含め、完全に遮断された地域への飛行機とボートによる支援のための資金提供を呼び掛けました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News (2020) Flooding leaves South Sudan facing threat of ‘catastrophic’ hunger levels. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1074152 \u0026nbsp;[Accessed on Oct 9, 2020]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News (2020) Deadly flooding adds new danger to communities fleeing Sahel violence. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1073452 \u0026nbsp;[Accessed on Oct 9, 2020]\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　白鳥佐紀子）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe Sahel region of Africa\u0026nbsp;which\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;a recurring\u0026nbsp;problem\u0026nbsp;of drought\u0026nbsp;is now experiencing catastrophic levels offlooding. Indiscriminate and\u0026nbsp;extreme\u0026nbsp;violence has occurred throughout the Sahel, forcing more than 3.5 million people to evacuate domestically or across national borders. This is the worst and fastest-growing humanitarian crisis in the world, but the flooding has further exacerbated the crisis to a\u0026nbsp;threatening level.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EDetails are available at the UN News links below:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1074152\u0022\u003EFlooding leaves South Sudan facing threat of ‘catastrophic’ hunger levels\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EUN News (2020) \u003Ca href=\u0022https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/09/1073452\u0022\u003EDeadly flooding adds new danger to communities fleeing Sahel violence\u003C/a\u003E.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: SHIRATORI Sakiko (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201015_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201016#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "154. World Food Day", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "154. World Food Day", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "Today October 16th is World Food Day. The theme for 2020 is “Grow, Nourish, Sustain. Together. Our actions are our future”. World Food Day was designated by the United Nations in 1981 as an international day around the world to commemorate the founding of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) on October 16, 1945. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Today October 16th is World Food Day. The theme for 2020 is “Grow, Nourish, Sustain. Together. Our actions are our future”. World Food Day was designated by the United Nations in 1981 as an international day around the world to commemorate the founding of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) on October 16, 1945. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EToday October 16th is World Food Day.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe theme for 2020 is\u0026nbsp;“Grow, Nourish, Sustain.\u0026nbsp;Together.\u0026nbsp;Our actions\u0026nbsp;are our\u0026nbsp;future”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Day\u0026nbsp;was designated\u0026nbsp;by the United Nations in 1981 an international day around the world to\u0026nbsp;commemorate the\u0026nbsp;founding\u0026nbsp;of the Food and Agriculture Organization\u0026nbsp;(FAO) on October 16, 1945.\u0026nbsp;Many commemorative events are\u0026nbsp;held each\u0026nbsp;year by various organizations around the world, including the United Nations World Food Program (WFP), which won the Nobel Peace Prize this year. However, it is not well recognized in Japan.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS will hold a symposium on the importance of the world food system and international cooperation to commemorate the 50th anniversary of its founding. Let us all take this\u0026nbsp;opportunity to think about the food problems that the world is facing now.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETheme: The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWorld Food Prize\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Food Prize is presented annually to those who have made significant contributions to World Food Day.\u0026nbsp;Dr. Rattan Lal (USA, India), a leading soil scientist becomes the 2020 World Food Prize Laureate\u0026nbsp;for developing and mainstreaming a soil-centric approach to increasing food production that conserves natural resources and mitigates climate change.\u0026nbsp;His work was distinct from\u0026nbsp;soil fertility strategy of the 1970s, which was highly dependent on chemical fertilizers,\u0026nbsp;and promoted innovative soil restoration techniques\u0026nbsp;by no-till farming, cover crops, crop residues, mulching and agroforestry. At the same time,\u0026nbsp;he\u0026nbsp;established a method that can increase organic matter by storing atmospheric carbon in soil and suppressing the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETokyo Nutrition\u0026nbsp;for Growth\u0026nbsp;Summit 2021\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Tokyo Nutrition\u0026nbsp;for Growth\u0026nbsp;Summit\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;was scheduled to be held in December in conjunction with the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games in order to\u0026nbsp;accelerate global effort to tackle\u0026nbsp;malnutrition. However, due to the continued global spread of COVID-19, it was decided to postpone\u0026nbsp;the summit for a year until\u0026nbsp;December 2021.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;thematic areas for discussion at the summit\u0026nbsp;are as follows:\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(1) Health – Making nutrition integral to Universal Health Coverage\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) Food – Building food systems that promote healthy diets and nutrition\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(3) Resilience – Addressing malnutrition effectively in fragile and conflict-affected contexts\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(4) Accountability – Promoting data-driven accountability\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(5) Financing – Securing new investments and driving innovation in nutrition financing.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO\u0026nbsp;World Food Day http://www.fao.org/japan/portal-sites/wfd/en/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Prize：https://www.worldfoodprize.org/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit 2021：https://nutritionforgrowth.org/events/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito\u0026nbsp;(Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EToday October 16th is World Food Day.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe theme for 2020 is\u0026nbsp;“Grow, Nourish, Sustain.\u0026nbsp;Together.\u0026nbsp;Our actions\u0026nbsp;are our\u0026nbsp;future”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Day\u0026nbsp;was designated\u0026nbsp;by the United Nations in 1981 an international day around the world to\u0026nbsp;commemorate the\u0026nbsp;founding\u0026nbsp;of the Food and Agriculture Organization\u0026nbsp;(FAO) on October 16, 1945.\u0026nbsp;Many commemorative events are\u0026nbsp;held each\u0026nbsp;year by various organizations around the world, including the United Nations World Food Program (WFP), which won the Nobel Peace Prize this year. However, it is not well recognized in Japan.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS will hold a symposium on the importance of the world food system and international cooperation to commemorate the 50th anniversary of its founding. Let us all take this\u0026nbsp;opportunity to think about the food problems that the world is facing now.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETheme: The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWorld Food Prize\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Food Prize is presented annually to those who have made significant contributions to World Food Day.\u0026nbsp;Dr. Rattan Lal (USA, India), a leading soil scientist becomes the 2020 World Food Prize Laureate\u0026nbsp;for developing and mainstreaming a soil-centric approach to increasing food production that conserves natural resources and mitigates climate change.\u0026nbsp;His work was distinct from\u0026nbsp;soil fertility strategy of the 1970s, which was highly dependent on chemical fertilizers,\u0026nbsp;and promoted innovative soil restoration techniques\u0026nbsp;by no-till farming, cover crops, crop residues, mulching and agroforestry. At the same time,\u0026nbsp;he\u0026nbsp;established a method that can increase organic matter by storing atmospheric carbon in soil and suppressing the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETokyo Nutrition\u0026nbsp;for Growth\u0026nbsp;Summit 2021\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Tokyo Nutrition\u0026nbsp;for Growth\u0026nbsp;Summit\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;was scheduled to be held in December in conjunction with the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games in order to\u0026nbsp;accelerate global effort to tackle\u0026nbsp;malnutrition. However, due to the continued global spread of COVID-19, it was decided to postpone\u0026nbsp;the summit for a year until\u0026nbsp;December 2021.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;thematic areas for discussion at the summit\u0026nbsp;are as follows:\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(1) Health – Making nutrition integral to Universal Health Coverage\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) Food – Building food systems that promote healthy diets and nutrition\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(3) Resilience – Addressing malnutrition effectively in fragile and conflict-affected contexts\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(4) Accountability – Promoting data-driven accountability\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(5) Financing – Securing new investments and driving innovation in nutrition financing.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO\u0026nbsp;World Food Day http://www.fao.org/japan/portal-sites/wfd/en/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Prize：https://www.worldfoodprize.org/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit 2021：https://nutritionforgrowth.org/events/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito\u0026nbsp;(Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201016#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-16", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "154. 世界食料デー", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "154. World Food Day", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "本日10月16日は世界食料デーです。2020年のテーマは、「育て、養い、持続させる。共に。―未来をつくる私たちのアクション」。世界食料デー（World Food Day）は、1945年10月16日に国際連合食糧農業機関（FAO）が設立されたことを記念し、世界の食料問題を考える日として国際連合が1981年に世界共通の国際デーとして制定しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Today October 16th is World Food Day. The theme for 2020 is “Grow, Nourish, Sustain. Together. Our actions are our future”. World Food Day was designated by the United Nations in 1981 as an international day around the world to commemorate the founding of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) on October 16, 1945. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本日10月16日は世界食料デーです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年のテーマは「育て、養い、持続させる。共に。―未来をつくる私たちのアクション」。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界食料デー（World Food Day）は、1945年10月16日に国際連合食糧農業機関（FAO）が設立されたことを記念し、世界の食料問題を考える日として国際連合が1981年に世界共通の国際デーとして制定しました。今年ノーベル平和賞を受賞した国連世界食糧計画（WFP）をはじめとして、多くの記念イベントが毎年開催されていますが、日本ではあまり認知されていません。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農研は創立50周年記念して、世界の食料システムや国際連携の重要性をテーマにしたシンポジウムを開催します。これを機に世界が抱える食料問題について考えてみてはいかがでしょうか？\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS創立50周年記念国際シンポジウム2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「ポスト・コロナ時代のグローバル・フードシステムをとりまく地球規模課題の展開と農林水産業研究における国際連携の役割」\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界食糧賞（World Food Prize）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E世界食料デーにちなみ、多大な貢献をした人に対して毎年世界食糧賞が贈られており、2020年はラタン・ラル博士（米国、インド）が受賞しました。天然資源を保全し気候変動を緩和しつつ、食料生産を増加させることができる土壌管理法を開発し、主流化したことが今回の受賞につながりました。博士は、化学肥料への依存度が高かった1970年代の土壌肥沃化戦略とは一線を画しており、不耕起農法、カバークロップ、作物残渣、マルチング、アグロフォレストリにより劣化した土壌を修復しつつ、大気中の炭素を土壌中に貯留することによって有機物を増加させ、大気中の二酸化炭素の増加をも抑制することができる手法を確立しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E東京栄養サミット2021\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E栄養不良の解決に向けた国際的取組を推進するために、東京2020オリンピック・パラリンピック競技大会に合わせて、12月に東京栄養サミットが開催される予定でしたが、世界的な新型コロナウイルス感染症の影響で、2021年12月に延期することが決定されました。東京栄養サミットでは、\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（1）栄養のユニバーサル・ヘルス・カバレッジへの統合\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（2）健康的で持続可能なフードシステムの構築\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（3）脆弱な状況下における栄養不良対策\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（4）データに基づくモニタリング（説明責任）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（5）栄養改善のための財源確保\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eの5つのテーマを取り上げ、世界各国の栄養関係者とともに課題解決に向けた議論が行われる予定となっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考：\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E10月16日　世界食料デー(World Food Day)（FAO）：http://www.fao.org/japan/portal-sites/wfd/en/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年世界食料デーイベント（WFP）：https://ja.wfp.org/WorldFoodDay2020inJapan\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Prize：https://www.worldfoodprize.org/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E東京栄養サミット2020の開催延期(外務省)：https://nutritionforgrowth.org/events-japanese/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　金森紀仁）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EToday October 16th is World Food Day.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe theme for 2020 is\u0026nbsp;“Grow, Nourish, Sustain.\u0026nbsp;Together.\u0026nbsp;Our actions\u0026nbsp;are our\u0026nbsp;future”.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Day\u0026nbsp;was designated\u0026nbsp;by the United Nations in 1981 an international day around the world to\u0026nbsp;commemorate the\u0026nbsp;founding\u0026nbsp;of the Food and Agriculture Organization\u0026nbsp;(FAO) on October 16, 1945.\u0026nbsp;Many commemorative events are\u0026nbsp;held each\u0026nbsp;year by various organizations around the world, including the United Nations World Food Program (WFP), which won the Nobel Peace Prize this year. However, it is not well recognized in Japan.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS will hold a symposium on the importance of the world food system and international cooperation to commemorate the 50th anniversary of its founding. Let us all take this\u0026nbsp;opportunity to think about the food problems that the world is facing now.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETheme: The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWorld Food Prize\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe World Food Prize is presented annually to those who have made significant contributions to World Food Day.\u0026nbsp;Dr. Rattan Lal (USA, India), a leading soil scientist becomes the 2020 World Food Prize Laureate\u0026nbsp;for developing and mainstreaming a soil-centric approach to increasing food production that conserves natural resources and mitigates climate change.\u0026nbsp;His work was distinct from\u0026nbsp;soil fertility strategy of the 1970s, which was highly dependent on chemical fertilizers,\u0026nbsp;and promoted innovative soil restoration techniques\u0026nbsp;by no-till farming, cover crops, crop residues, mulching and agroforestry. At the same time,\u0026nbsp;he\u0026nbsp;established a method that can increase organic matter by storing atmospheric carbon in soil and suppressing the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETokyo Nutrition\u0026nbsp;for Growth\u0026nbsp;Summit 2021\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Tokyo Nutrition\u0026nbsp;for Growth\u0026nbsp;Summit\u0026nbsp;2020\u0026nbsp;was scheduled to be held in December in conjunction with the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games in order to\u0026nbsp;accelerate global effort to tackle\u0026nbsp;malnutrition. However, due to the continued global spread of COVID-19, it was decided to postpone\u0026nbsp;the summit for a year until\u0026nbsp;December 2021.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;thematic areas for discussion at the summit\u0026nbsp;are as follows:\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(1) Health – Making nutrition integral to Universal Health Coverage\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(2) Food – Building food systems that promote healthy diets and nutrition\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(3) Resilience – Addressing malnutrition effectively in fragile and conflict-affected contexts\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(4) Accountability – Promoting data-driven accountability\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(5) Financing – Securing new investments and driving innovation in nutrition financing.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EFAO\u0026nbsp;World Food Day http://www.fao.org/japan/portal-sites/wfd/en/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Food Prize：https://www.worldfoodprize.org/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ETokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit 2021：https://nutritionforgrowth.org/events/\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Norihito\u0026nbsp;(Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201016_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201022_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-19", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "155. Nature ー Sustainable Solutions to End Hunger", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "155. Nature ー Sustainable Solutions to End Hunger", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "In October 2020, Nature magazine featured a collection of articles and perspectives with the theme \u0022Sustainable solutions to end hunger” and published an editorial \u0022Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers”. Policy makers noted that many agricultural research publications that they assessed have not fully addressed the challenges faced by smallholder farmers, despite the urgent need for interventions to tackle hunger.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In October 2020, Nature magazine featured a collection of articles and perspectives with the theme \u0022Sustainable solutions to end hunger” and published an editorial \u0022Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers”. Policy makers noted that many agricultural research publications that they assessed have not fully addressed the challenges faced by smallholder farmers, despite the urgent need for interventions to tackle hunger.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn October 2020, Nature magazine featured a collection of articles and perspectives with the theme \u0022Sustainable solutions to end hunger” and published an editorial \u0022Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers”. Policy makers noted that many agricultural research publications that they assessed have not fully addressed the challenges faced by smallholder farmers, despite the urgent need for interventions to tackle hunger.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the following links:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENature Editorial. Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers Policymakers urgently need ideas on ways to end hunger. But a global review of the literature finds that most researchers have had the wrong priorities. October 12, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02849-6 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENature Research. Sustainable solutions to end hunger. October 12, 2020. https://www.nature.com/collections/dhiggjeagd\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn October 2020, Nature magazine featured a collection of articles and perspectives with the theme \u0022Sustainable solutions to end hunger” and published an editorial \u0022Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers”. Policy makers noted that many agricultural research publications that they assessed have not fully addressed the challenges faced by smallholder farmers, despite the urgent need for interventions to tackle hunger.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the following links:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENature Editorial. Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers Policymakers urgently need ideas on ways to end hunger. But a global review of the literature finds that most researchers have had the wrong priorities. October 12, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02849-6 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENature Research. Sustainable solutions to end hunger. October 12, 2020. https://www.nature.com/collections/dhiggjeagd\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201019#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-19", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "155. Nature -飢餓撲滅のための持続的な解決策", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "155. Nature ー Sustainable Solutions to End Hunger", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年10月、Nature誌にて、「飢餓撲滅のための持続的な解決策」特集が組まれ、「科学において小規模農家を軽視する傾向を止めよ」との論説を発表しました。政策策定者は飢餓を終焉させるためのアイデアを早急に必要としているにもかかわらず、従来の研究の多くが小規模農民の課題に十分向き合ってこなかったとの文献レビューの結果に言及しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "In October 2020, Nature magazine featured a collection of articles and perspectives with the theme \u0022Sustainable solutions to end hunger” and published an editorial \u0022Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers”. Policy makers noted that many agricultural research publications that they assessed have not fully addressed the challenges faced by smallholder farmers, despite the urgent need for interventions to tackle hunger.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E2020年10月、Nature誌にて、「飢餓撲滅のための持続的な解決策」特集が組まれ、「科学において小規模農家を軽視する傾向を止めよ」との論説を発表しました。政策策定者は飢餓を終焉させるためのアイデアを早急に必要としているにもかかわらず、従来の研究の多くが小規模農民の課題に十分向き合ってこなかったとの文献レビューの結果に言及しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今日6.9億人が飢餓に苦しむ中、どのような介入が最も効果的かについて、既存の研究を評価することが一つの方法です。国際的な研究機関によるコンソーシアム(\u003Ca href=\u0022http://ceres2030.org/\u0022\u003ECeres 2030\u003C/a\u003E)は、この問いに答えるため、3年間にわたり10万以上の公表論文を課題ごとに評価し、その成果がNature 関連誌で公表されました。Ceres2030チームは評価対象となった多くの農業研究論文が、小規模農民やその家族が直面する問題に対する解決策を十分に与えていないことに懸念を表明しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eレビュー分析によると、小規模農民が気候変動に強靭な作物導入など新たなアプローチを採択する上で、一般に普及サービスと呼ばれる技術指導へのアクセスが重要な役割を果たすことが判明しました。また、市場へのアクセス・輸送方法や貯蔵場所を共有するサービスを提供する組合・自助グループなどの組織に属するほど、農民の所得が増加する傾向がありました。農民は小中規模企業にインフォーマルに農産物を卸すことで利益を得ており、その理由としてこうした企業が農民に情報や信用などを提供する役割の重要性が浮かび上がりました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今日、農村地域の3分の2の人々が飢えに直面しています。世界の5.7億の農家のうち4.75億農家以上が農地面積2ha以下の農民であり、低所得国では3分の2以上が土地関連で生計を立てていることを踏まえれば、農村貧困と食料安全保障の問題は重なり合っています。一方、Ceres2030チームを困惑させたのは、分析対象となった多くの研究　―95％以上―　が小規模農民とその家族のニーズには向き合っておらず、オリジナルデータを使用した研究も少ないという点でした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E対照的に、チームは多くの研究が新しい技術の評価に割かれていることを発見しました。例えばフードロスに関しては、現状では圃場や貯蔵施設の不足によりポストハーベストで多くのロスが生じているにもかかわらず、フードロス解消を目的とした介入の90％は特定の殺虫剤や保存容器の有効性を他の要因とは切り離して分析するというケースが目立ちました。既存の農業慣行に着目し、何が成功し何が成功しないのかを評価する研究は10％程度にすぎませんでした。小規模農民は新しい技術を必要としていますが、例えばメイズ（とうもろこし）は乾燥後に収穫した方がいいのか収穫後に地面の上で乾かした方がいいかなど、既存の介入の有効性評価の研究も必要です。Ceres2030によると、多くの研究は農民の参加なく研究者のみによって行われたものでした。これは学術的機関にとどまったものではなく、SDGsの立案と検証にかかわるシンクタンクやNGOs、国連や世界銀行の研究も似たような傾向がありました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eではなぜ小規模農民の飢餓撲滅にかかわる現実的な問いへ回答する研究があまり行われていないのでしょうか。この背景には、国際農業研究に対する資金の優先度が変化してきたこともあるかもしれません。過去40年間、農業研究資金源におけるアグリビジネスの重要性が高まるにつれ、国際農業研究の資金は次第に民間部門へとシフトしていきました。同時に、小規模農民やその家族を対象とした応用研究はアカデミックなキャリアに繋がりづらくなりました。例えば世界中のCGIARネットワークの研究者の多くは小規模農民を対象とした研究に従事しています。しかし、より大規模な研究中心の大学においては、次第に大きな資金源を目指す傾向の中、小規模農業を対象とした課題は次第に魅力を失っているようです。ジャーナル側にも問題があります。論文査読にあたり、小規模農業を対象とした研究は、オリジナル性が低い、世界的・グローバルな課題ではない、と評価される傾向があるようです。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E飢餓撲滅というSDG達成のためには、小規模農民に対する研究に重点を置いていくことが重要です。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENature Editorial. Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers Policymakers urgently need ideas on ways to end hunger. But a global review of the literature finds that most researchers have had the wrong priorities. October 12, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02849-6 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENature Research. Sustainable solutions to end hunger. October 12, 2020. https://www.nature.com/collections/dhiggjeagd\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EIn October 2020, Nature magazine featured a collection of articles and perspectives with the theme \u0022Sustainable solutions to end hunger” and published an editorial \u0022Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers”. Policy makers noted that many agricultural research publications that they assessed have not fully addressed the challenges faced by smallholder farmers, despite the urgent need for interventions to tackle hunger.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EPlease refer to the following links:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENature Editorial. Ending hunger: science must stop neglecting smallholder farmers Policymakers urgently need ideas on ways to end hunger. But a global review of the literature finds that most researchers have had the wrong priorities. October 12, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02849-6 \u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ENature Research. Sustainable solutions to end hunger. October 12, 2020. https://www.nature.com/collections/dhiggjeagd\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201019_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201020#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "156. Preventing planthopper outbreaks which cause yield loss in rice production", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "156. Preventing planthopper outbreaks which cause yield loss in rice production", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), brown planthopper outbreak alarm has been issued in 28 prefectures and outbreak warning in 11 prefectures. Due to the low temperature and lack of sunshine in July, the damage caused by typhoons and brown planthoppers has led to the decline of cropping index in some areas. JIRCAS has been conducting research aimed at establishing a comprehensive control system for planthoppers with a research institute in Vietnam which is the source of planthoppers.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), brown planthopper outbreak alarm has been issued in 28 prefectures and outbreak warning in 11 prefectures. Due to the low temperature and lack of sunshine in July, the damage caused by typhoons and brown planthoppers has led to the decline of cropping index in some areas. JIRCAS has been conducting research aimed at establishing a comprehensive control system for planthoppers with a research institute in Vietnam which is the source of planthoppers.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe brown planthopper (BPH,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ENilaparvata lugens\u003C/em\u003E) and the white-backed planthopper\u0026nbsp;(WBPH,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ESogatella furcifera\u003C/em\u003E) are important pests of rice that are widely distributed in Asia. In particular, the brown planthopper grows rapidly in paddy fields, and\u0026nbsp;heavy infestations can cause the wilting and complete drying of rice plants.\u0026nbsp;It has been known\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;that wintering is not possible in East Asia, including China and Japan, and that every year during the rainy season, the planthoppers\u0026nbsp;migrate\u0026nbsp;to Japan via China, starting from the north central part of Vietnam, which is a region where planthoppers occur normally. In recent years, the arrival of\u0026nbsp;insecticide-resistant populations has made it difficult to control with insecticides that have been used in Japan.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the outbreak\u0026nbsp;forecast\u0026nbsp;information\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;brown planthopper\u0026nbsp;released by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;(MAFF)\u0026nbsp;this year,\u0026nbsp;an outbreak alarm\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;been issued in 28 prefectures and\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;outbreak warning in\u0026nbsp;11 prefectures west of the Tokai region (as of Oct\u0026nbsp;6) [1]. Due to the low temperature and lack of sunshine in July, the damage caused by typhoons and brown planthoppers\u0026nbsp;has led to\u0026nbsp;the decline of cropping index in some areas (as of Sep\u0026nbsp;15) [2].\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe outbreak of pests involves multiple factors such as weather conditions and pesticide application conditions. In particular, migratory pests such as planthoppers are\u0026nbsp;not only\u0026nbsp;affected by the outbreak conditions\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;weather,\u0026nbsp;pesticide spraying etc. in\u0026nbsp;Japan but also the conditions in the origins of planthopper migration such as\u0026nbsp;Vietnam and China. Since 2016,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;has been conducting research aimed at establishing a comprehensive control system for planthoppers in collaboration with the Plant\u0026nbsp;Protection\u0026nbsp;Research Institute in Vietnam. So far, we have clarified the\u0026nbsp;current status and problems in insecticide use by farmers\u0026nbsp;[3]. We are currently analyzing the occurrence of planthoppers in Vietnam\u0027s winter-spring crops (rice\u0026nbsp;transplanting around February to harvesting around May), which will affect the arrival\u0026nbsp;in Japan\u0026nbsp;this year. However,\u0026nbsp;based on\u0026nbsp;information from the Plant\u0026nbsp;Protection\u0026nbsp;Research Institute, the\u0026nbsp;density\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;was about the same as usual\u0026nbsp;although there are some areas where planthoppers have become denser.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;will continue its research with the aim of\u0026nbsp;finding suitable control measures against\u0026nbsp;planthoppers at the\u0026nbsp;origin of migration.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[1] https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/boujyo/attach/pdf/120104_yoho-168.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[2] https://www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/kouhyou/sakumotu/sakkyou_kome/attach/pdf/index-1.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[3] https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/publication/research_results/2019_b07\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MATSUKAWA Mizuki (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe brown planthopper (BPH,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ENilaparvata lugens\u003C/em\u003E) and the white-backed planthopper\u0026nbsp;(WBPH,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ESogatella furcifera\u003C/em\u003E) are important pests of rice that are widely distributed in Asia. In particular, the brown planthopper grows rapidly in paddy fields, and\u0026nbsp;heavy infestations can cause the wilting and complete drying of rice plants.\u0026nbsp;It has been known\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;that wintering is not possible in East Asia, including China and Japan, and that every year during the rainy season, the planthoppers\u0026nbsp;migrate\u0026nbsp;to Japan via China, starting from the north central part of Vietnam, which is a region where planthoppers occur normally. In recent years, the arrival of\u0026nbsp;insecticide-resistant populations has made it difficult to control with insecticides that have been used in Japan.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the outbreak\u0026nbsp;forecast\u0026nbsp;information\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;brown planthopper\u0026nbsp;released by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;(MAFF)\u0026nbsp;this year,\u0026nbsp;an outbreak alarm\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;been issued in 28 prefectures and\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;outbreak warning in\u0026nbsp;11 prefectures west of the Tokai region (as of Oct\u0026nbsp;6) [1]. Due to the low temperature and lack of sunshine in July, the damage caused by typhoons and brown planthoppers\u0026nbsp;has led to\u0026nbsp;the decline of cropping index in some areas (as of Sep\u0026nbsp;15) [2].\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe outbreak of pests involves multiple factors such as weather conditions and pesticide application conditions. In particular, migratory pests such as planthoppers are\u0026nbsp;not only\u0026nbsp;affected by the outbreak conditions\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;weather,\u0026nbsp;pesticide spraying etc. in\u0026nbsp;Japan but also the conditions in the origins of planthopper migration such as\u0026nbsp;Vietnam and China. Since 2016,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;has been conducting research aimed at establishing a comprehensive control system for planthoppers in collaboration with the Plant\u0026nbsp;Protection\u0026nbsp;Research Institute in Vietnam. So far, we have clarified the\u0026nbsp;current status and problems in insecticide use by farmers\u0026nbsp;[3]. We are currently analyzing the occurrence of planthoppers in Vietnam\u0027s winter-spring crops (rice\u0026nbsp;transplanting around February to harvesting around May), which will affect the arrival\u0026nbsp;in Japan\u0026nbsp;this year. However,\u0026nbsp;based on\u0026nbsp;information from the Plant\u0026nbsp;Protection\u0026nbsp;Research Institute, the\u0026nbsp;density\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;was about the same as usual\u0026nbsp;although there are some areas where planthoppers have become denser.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;will continue its research with the aim of\u0026nbsp;finding suitable control measures against\u0026nbsp;planthoppers at the\u0026nbsp;origin of migration.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[1] https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/boujyo/attach/pdf/120104_yoho-168.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[2] https://www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/kouhyou/sakumotu/sakkyou_kome/attach/pdf/index-1.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[3] https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/publication/research_results/2019_b07\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MATSUKAWA Mizuki (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201020#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-20", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "156. 稲作の収量減の元凶、ウンカの発生を食い止めたい", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "156. Preventing planthopper outbreaks which cause yield loss in rice production", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal17", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標17 パートナーシップで目標を達成しよう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 17: Partnerships for the Goals", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "農林水産省によると、10月6日現在、トビイロウンカを対象とした注意報が28県、警報が11県で発表されています。7月の低温、日照不足に合わせて、台風やトビイロウンカの被害が、作況指数の低下に影響する地域も一部出た模様です。国際農研では、飛来源であるベトナムの研究所と共同でウンカの防除体系の構築を目指して研究しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), brown planthopper outbreak alarm has been issued in 28 prefectures and outbreak warning in 11 prefectures. Due to the low temperature and lack of sunshine in July, the damage caused by typhoons and brown planthoppers has led to the decline of cropping index in some areas. JIRCAS has been conducting research aimed at establishing a comprehensive control system for planthoppers with a research institute in Vietnam which is the source of planthoppers.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eトビイロウンカ（英名brown planthopper: BPH、学名\u003Cem\u003ENilaparvata lugens\u003C/em\u003E）とセジロウンカ（英名White-backed planthopper: WBPH、学名\u003Cem\u003ESogatella furcifera\u003C/em\u003E)は、アジアに広く分布するイネの重要害虫です。特にトビイロウンカは、水田で急激に増殖し高密度になると稲を枯れさせて倒伏させる坪枯れを引き起こします。中国や日本を含む東アジアでは越冬できず、毎年梅雨時期に、ウンカの常発生地域であるベトナム中北部を飛来源として、中国を経由して日本へ飛来することが明らかになっています。近年、殺虫剤抵抗性をもった個体群が飛来してくることで、従来日本で使用されていた殺虫剤での防除が難しくなっています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E今年度農林水産省が発表した病害虫発生予察情報によると、東海以西ではトビイロウンカを対象とした注意報が28県、警報が11県で発表されています（10月6日現在）[1]。7月の低温、日照不足に合わせて、台風やトビイロウンカの被害が、作況指数の低下に影響する地域も一部出たようです（9月15日現在）[2]。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E病害虫の発生には、気象条件や農薬散布状況等の複数の要因が関係します。特にウンカのような越境性害虫は、日本のみならず飛来源であるベトナム、中国における発生状況、気象条件、農薬散布状況等の影響を受けます。国際農研では、平成28年度よりウンカの飛来源であるベトナムの植物保護研究所と共同でウンカの総合的防除体系の構築を目指した研究を行い、これまで現地でのウンカの発生状況や殺虫剤散布状況および問題点などを明らかにしてきました[3]。今年度の日本への飛来に影響するベトナムの冬春作（２月頃田植え～5月頃収穫）のウンカの発生状況については、現在解析中ですが、植物保護研究所からの情報によると、一部の地域でウンカが高密度になった地域はあるが、全体としては例年並みの発生だったようです。国際農研では、今後も、飛来源でのウンカの防除体系の構築を目指して研究を続けていきます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[1] https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/boujyo/attach/pdf/120104_yoho-168.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[2]https://www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/kouhyou/sakumotu/sakkyou_kome/attach/pdf/index-1.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[3] https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/publication/research_results/2019_b07\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E(文責：松川 みずき)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe brown planthopper (BPH,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ENilaparvata lugens\u003C/em\u003E) and the white-backed planthopper\u0026nbsp;(WBPH,\u0026nbsp;\u003Cem\u003ESogatella furcifera\u003C/em\u003E) are important pests of rice that are widely distributed in Asia. In particular, the brown planthopper grows rapidly in paddy fields, and\u0026nbsp;heavy infestations can cause the wilting and complete drying of rice plants.\u0026nbsp;It has been known\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;that wintering is not possible in East Asia, including China and Japan, and that every year during the rainy season, the planthoppers\u0026nbsp;migrate\u0026nbsp;to Japan via China, starting from the north central part of Vietnam, which is a region where planthoppers occur normally. In recent years, the arrival of\u0026nbsp;insecticide-resistant populations has made it difficult to control with insecticides that have been used in Japan.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAccording to the outbreak\u0026nbsp;forecast\u0026nbsp;information\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;brown planthopper\u0026nbsp;released by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries\u0026nbsp;(MAFF)\u0026nbsp;this year,\u0026nbsp;an outbreak alarm\u0026nbsp;has\u0026nbsp;been issued in 28 prefectures and\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;outbreak warning in\u0026nbsp;11 prefectures west of the Tokai region (as of Oct\u0026nbsp;6) [1]. Due to the low temperature and lack of sunshine in July, the damage caused by typhoons and brown planthoppers\u0026nbsp;has led to\u0026nbsp;the decline of cropping index in some areas (as of Sep\u0026nbsp;15) [2].\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe outbreak of pests involves multiple factors such as weather conditions and pesticide application conditions. In particular, migratory pests such as planthoppers are\u0026nbsp;not only\u0026nbsp;affected by the outbreak conditions\u0026nbsp;such as\u0026nbsp;weather,\u0026nbsp;pesticide spraying etc. in\u0026nbsp;Japan but also the conditions in the origins of planthopper migration such as\u0026nbsp;Vietnam and China. Since 2016,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;has been conducting research aimed at establishing a comprehensive control system for planthoppers in collaboration with the Plant\u0026nbsp;Protection\u0026nbsp;Research Institute in Vietnam. So far, we have clarified the\u0026nbsp;current status and problems in insecticide use by farmers\u0026nbsp;[3]. We are currently analyzing the occurrence of planthoppers in Vietnam\u0027s winter-spring crops (rice\u0026nbsp;transplanting around February to harvesting around May), which will affect the arrival\u0026nbsp;in Japan\u0026nbsp;this year. However,\u0026nbsp;based on\u0026nbsp;information from the Plant\u0026nbsp;Protection\u0026nbsp;Research Institute, the\u0026nbsp;density\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;was about the same as usual\u0026nbsp;although there are some areas where planthoppers have become denser.\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;will continue its research with the aim of\u0026nbsp;finding suitable control measures against\u0026nbsp;planthoppers at the\u0026nbsp;origin of migration.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[1] https://www.maff.go.jp/j/syouan/syokubo/boujyo/attach/pdf/120104_yoho-168.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[2] https://www.maff.go.jp/j/tokei/kouhyou/sakumotu/sakkyou_kome/attach/pdf/index-1.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E[3] https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/publication/research_results/2019_b07\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: MATSUKAWA Mizuki (Crop, Livestock and Environment Division)\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201020_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201022#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "157. Human cost of disasters", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "157. Human cost of disasters", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) published the report \u0022Human Costs of Disasters: An overview of the last 20 years 2000-2019\u0022 to mark the \u0022International Day for Disaster Reduction\u0022 on October 13, 2020. The report emphasized that extreme weather events such as floods and storms have come to dominate the disaster landscape in the 21st century.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) published the report \u0022Human Costs of Disasters: An overview of the last 20 years 2000-2019\u0022 to mark the \u0022International Day for Disaster Reduction\u0022 on October 13, 2020. The report emphasized that extreme weather events such as floods and storms have come to dominate the disaster landscape in the 21st century.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) published the report \u0022Human Costs of Disasters: An overview of the last 20 years\u0026nbsp;2000-2019\u0022\u0026nbsp;to mark the\u0026nbsp;\u0022International Day for Disaster Reduction\u0022\u0026nbsp;on October 13, 2020. The report emphasized thatextreme weather\u0026nbsp;events\u0026nbsp;such as floods and storms\u0026nbsp;have come to dominate the disaster landscape in the\u0026nbsp;21st century.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe human cost of disasters: an overview of the last 20 years (2000-2019)\u0026nbsp;United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.undrr.org/publication/human-cost-disasters-overview-last-20-years-2000-2019\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) published the report \u0022Human Costs of Disasters: An overview of the last 20 years\u0026nbsp;2000-2019\u0022\u0026nbsp;to mark the\u0026nbsp;\u0022International Day for Disaster Reduction\u0022\u0026nbsp;on October 13, 2020. The report emphasized thatextreme weather\u0026nbsp;events\u0026nbsp;such as floods and storms\u0026nbsp;have come to dominate the disaster landscape in the\u0026nbsp;21st century.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe human cost of disasters: an overview of the last 20 years (2000-2019)\u0026nbsp;United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.undrr.org/publication/human-cost-disasters-overview-last-20-years-2000-2019\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201021#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-21", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "157.災害の人的コスト", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "157. Human cost of disasters", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年10月13日、国連防災機関（UNDRR）は「国際防災の日」に合わせ、報告書「2000－2019年における災害の人的コスト」を公表、洪水や嵐などの極端気象が21世紀の災害問題において重要性を占めるようになった点を強調しました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) published the report \u0022Human Costs of Disasters: An overview of the last 20 years 2000-2019\u0022 to mark the \u0022International Day for Disaster Reduction\u0022 on October 13, 2020. The report emphasized that extreme weather events such as floods and storms have come to dominate the disaster landscape in the 21st century.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年10月13日、国連防災機関（UNDRR）は「国際防災の日」に合わせ、報告書「2000－2019年における災害の人的コスト」を公表、極端気象が21世紀の災害問題において重要性を占めるようになった点を強調しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E災害は、10人以上の死者、100人以上の被害者、非常事態宣言、あるいは国際支援の要請、に相当する被害をもたらす事態として定義されます。2000―2019年の間、20年前から大幅に増加して7,348件の災害が記録され、123万人の死者、42億人の被害者、世界経済に2.97兆ドル相当の損害をもたらしました。1980年から1999年の間は、災害4,212件、死者119万人、被害者32.5億人、経済損失1.63兆ドルでした。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E20年前との差は、主に極端気象事象を含む気候関連事象の増加によるものです。1980-1999年に3,656件あった気象関連事象は2000-2019年に6,681件に増加しました。過去20年間、とりわけ洪水が1,389件から3,254件へと倍増し、嵐は1,457件から2,034件へと増加しました。報告書によると、干ばつ・山火事・異常気温などの事象を含むそのほかの災害も増加しました。また、この期間、地震や津波など犠牲者数でいえば圧倒的に被害の大きい地球物理的な事象も数多く発生しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe human cost of disasters: an overview of the last 20 years (2000-2019)　 United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.undrr.org/publication/human-cost-disasters-overview-last-20-years-2000-2019\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) published the report \u0022Human Costs of Disasters: An overview of the last 20 years\u0026nbsp;2000-2019\u0022\u0026nbsp;to mark the\u0026nbsp;\u0022International Day for Disaster Reduction\u0022\u0026nbsp;on October 13, 2020. The report emphasized thatextreme weather\u0026nbsp;events\u0026nbsp;such as floods and storms\u0026nbsp;have come to dominate the disaster landscape in the\u0026nbsp;21st century.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe human cost of disasters: an overview of the last 20 years (2000-2019)\u0026nbsp;United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.undrr.org/publication/human-cost-disasters-overview-last-20-years-2000-2019\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201021_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201023_0#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "158. World Bank: Africa’s Pulse - Charting the Road to Recovery", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "158. World Bank: Africa’s Pulse - Charting the Road to Recovery", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On October 8, 2020, the World Bank released “Africa’s Pulse : Charting the Road to Recovery”, an analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. The report predicted that Sub-Saharan Africa\u0027s would enter a recessionary phase for the first time in 25 years due to the economic downturn caused by the global epidemic of coronavirus infection. The report also pointed out that the recovery of the region\u0027s economy requires large-scale investment by countries in the region and financial support from the international community, and proposed a structural reform agenda to accelerate fiscal reserves and job creation. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On October 8, 2020, the World Bank released “Africa’s Pulse : Charting the Road to Recovery”, an analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. The report predicted that Sub-Saharan Africa\u0027s would enter a recessionary phase for the first time in 25 years due to the economic downturn caused by the global epidemic of coronavirus infection. The report also pointed out that the recovery of the region\u0027s economy requires large-scale investment by countries in the region and financial support from the international community, and proposed a structural reform agenda to accelerate fiscal reserves and job creation. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn\u0026nbsp;October 8, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the World Bank released\u0026nbsp;“Africa’s Pulse\u0026nbsp;:\u0026nbsp;Charting the Road to Recovery”,\u0026nbsp;an analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. The report predicted that\u0026nbsp;Sub-Saharan Africa\u0027s would enter a recessionary phase\u0026nbsp;for the\u0026nbsp;first time in 25 years due to the economic downturn caused by the global epidemic of coronavirus infection. The report\u0026nbsp;also\u0026nbsp;pointed\u0026nbsp;out that the recovery of the region\u0027s economy requires large-scale investment by\u0026nbsp;countries in\u0026nbsp;the region\u0026nbsp;and financial support from the international community, and proposed\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;structural\u0026nbsp;reform agenda to accelerate fiscal reserves and job creation.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. Zeufack, Albert G.; Calderon, Cesar; Kambou, Gerard; Kubota, Megumi; Cantu Canales, Catalina; Korman, Vijdan. 2020. Africa\u0027s Pulse, No. 22, October 2020 : An Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa’s Economic Future. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34587 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Press Release on October 8, 2020:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/10/08/world-bank-confirms-economic-downturn-in-sub-saharan-africa-outlines-key-polices-needed-for-recovery\u0022\u003EWorld Bank Confirms Economic Downturn in Sub-Saharan Africa, Outlines Key Polices Needed for Recovery\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn\u0026nbsp;October 8, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the World Bank released\u0026nbsp;“Africa’s Pulse\u0026nbsp;:\u0026nbsp;Charting the Road to Recovery”,\u0026nbsp;an analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. The report predicted that\u0026nbsp;Sub-Saharan Africa\u0027s would enter a recessionary phase\u0026nbsp;for the\u0026nbsp;first time in 25 years due to the economic downturn caused by the global epidemic of coronavirus infection. The report\u0026nbsp;also\u0026nbsp;pointed\u0026nbsp;out that the recovery of the region\u0027s economy requires large-scale investment by\u0026nbsp;countries in\u0026nbsp;the region\u0026nbsp;and financial support from the international community, and proposed\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;structural\u0026nbsp;reform agenda to accelerate fiscal reserves and job creation.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. Zeufack, Albert G.; Calderon, Cesar; Kambou, Gerard; Kubota, Megumi; Cantu Canales, Catalina; Korman, Vijdan. 2020. Africa\u0027s Pulse, No. 22, October 2020 : An Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa’s Economic Future. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34587 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Press Release on October 8, 2020:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/10/08/world-bank-confirms-economic-downturn-in-sub-saharan-africa-outlines-key-polices-needed-for-recovery\u0022\u003EWorld Bank Confirms Economic Downturn in Sub-Saharan Africa, Outlines Key Polices Needed for Recovery\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201022#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-22", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "158. 世界銀行: アフリカの鼓動 - 復興への道筋", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "158. World Bank: Africa’s Pulse - Charting the Road to Recovery", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal3", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標3 すべての人に保健と福祉を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being for People", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal8", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標8 働きがいも経済成長も", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal9", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標9 産業と技術革新の基盤をつくろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "2020年10月8日—世界銀行は、「アフリカの鼓動：復興への道筋」報告書を発表し、新型コロナウイルス感染症の世界的流行がもたらした景気低迷により、サブサハラアフリカ地域が25年ぶりに景気後退局面に入るとの予測を示しました。同報告書は、域内経済の回復には域内諸国による大規模な投資や国際社会からの財政的支援が必要だと指摘した上で、財政余力や雇用創出を加速する大胆な改革アジェンダを提案しています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On October 8, 2020, the World Bank released “Africa’s Pulse : Charting the Road to Recovery”, an analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. The report predicted that Sub-Saharan Africa\u0027s would enter a recessionary phase for the first time in 25 years due to the economic downturn caused by the global epidemic of coronavirus infection. The report also pointed out that the recovery of the region\u0027s economy requires large-scale investment by countries in the region and financial support from the international community, and proposed a structural reform agenda to accelerate fiscal reserves and job creation. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E2020年10月8日—世界銀行は、「アフリカの鼓動：復興への道筋」報告書を発表し、新型コロナウイルス感染症の世界的流行がもたらした景気低迷により、サブサハラアフリカ地域が25年ぶりに景気後退局面に入るとの予測を示しました。パンデミックにより、本地域では2020年に最大4,000万人が極度の貧困に陥り、少なくとも過去5年間に達成された貧困削減の傾向が帳消しになる可能性があります。詳しくは、\u003Ca href=\u0022http://www.worldbank.org/ja/news/press-release/2020/10/08/world-bank-confirms-economic-downturn-in-sub-saharan-africa-outlines-key-polices-needed-for-recovery\u0022\u003Eプレスリリース\u003C/a\u003Eで言及されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E同報告書は、域内経済の回復には域内諸国による大規模な投資や国際社会からの財政的支援が必要だと指摘した上で、財政余力を生み出す政策や雇用創出を加速する政策を含む、大胆な改革アジェンダを提案しています。すでに数カ国が、新型コロナウイルス危機を契機として、以前から必要性が指摘されていたエネルギー・通信分野の改革に着手したほか、アフリカ地域の企業の25％がデジタルテクノロジーの使用を加速し、デジタルソリューションへの投資を拡大しました。とくに農業分野において、デジタル技術が、気象・技術情報（改良種子・肥料・トラクターなど）へのアクセスと使いこなし方を示すことで、新しい技術の採択を促しています。幾つかの国では、デジタル技術は市場情報を提供し、グループでバリューチェーンでの交渉力を高めることに役立っています。クオリティ・コントロールやトレーサビリティの分野でもデジタル技術の貢献が期待されています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. Zeufack, Albert G.; Calderon, Cesar; Kambou, Gerard; Kubota, Megumi; Cantu Canales, Catalina; Korman, Vijdan. 2020. Africa\u0027s Pulse, No. 22, October 2020 : An Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa’s Economic Future. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34587 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E日本語プレスリリース　サブサハラ・アフリカ地域の経済が悪化 景気回復に向けた政策を提言：世界銀行報告書　2020年10月8日. https://www.worldbank.org/ja/news/press-release/2020/10/08/world-bank-confirms-economic-downturn-in-sub-saharan-africa-outlines-key-polices-needed-for-recovery\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn\u0026nbsp;October 8, 2020,\u0026nbsp;the World Bank released\u0026nbsp;“Africa’s Pulse\u0026nbsp;:\u0026nbsp;Charting the Road to Recovery”,\u0026nbsp;an analysis of issues shaping Africa’s economic future. The report predicted that\u0026nbsp;Sub-Saharan Africa\u0027s would enter a recessionary phase\u0026nbsp;for the\u0026nbsp;first time in 25 years due to the economic downturn caused by the global epidemic of coronavirus infection. The report\u0026nbsp;also\u0026nbsp;pointed\u0026nbsp;out that the recovery of the region\u0027s economy requires large-scale investment by\u0026nbsp;countries in\u0026nbsp;the region\u0026nbsp;and financial support from the international community, and proposed\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;structural\u0026nbsp;reform agenda to accelerate fiscal reserves and job creation.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank. Zeufack, Albert G.; Calderon, Cesar; Kambou, Gerard; Kubota, Megumi; Cantu Canales, Catalina; Korman, Vijdan. 2020. Africa\u0027s Pulse, No. 22, October 2020 : An Analysis of Issues Shaping Africa’s Economic Future. World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/34587 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EWorld Bank Press Release on October 8, 2020:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/10/08/world-bank-confirms-economic-downturn-in-sub-saharan-africa-outlines-key-polices-needed-for-recovery\u0022\u003EWorld Bank Confirms Economic Downturn in Sub-Saharan Africa, Outlines Key Polices Needed for Recovery\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201022_ico.jpg" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201023#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "159. Update on Bill Gates’ New Climate Book ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "159. Update on Bill Gates’ New Climate Book ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "On October 19th, Bill Gates updated his blog with details on his current book, “How to Avoid a Climate Disaster: The Solutions We Have and the Breakthroughs We Need”, and announced that the book will be published on February 16, 2021. The book aims to explain the science of climate change, propose a plan to build the tools that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions to zero, and suggest concrete steps that governments, companies, and individuals can take to make it happen.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On October 19th, Bill Gates updated his blog with details on his current book, “How to Avoid a Climate Disaster: The Solutions We Have and the Breakthroughs We Need”, and announced that the book will be published on February 16, 2021. The book aims to explain the science of climate change, propose a plan to build the tools that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions to zero, and suggest concrete steps that governments, companies, and individuals can take to make it happen.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn October 19th, Bill Gates updated his blog with more details on his current book,\u0026nbsp;“How to Avoid a Climate Disaster: The Solutions We Have and the Breakthroughs We Need”,\u0026nbsp;and announced that\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;book will be published by Knopf Publishing House on February 16, 2021.\u0026nbsp;For more than a decade, Bill Gates has been studying climate\u0026nbsp;change\u0026nbsp;with experts in various disciplines and investing in the innovations\u0026nbsp;to address it. The book\u0026nbsp;aims to explain the science of climate change, propose a plan\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;build the tools that will\u0026nbsp;reduce greenhouse gas emissions to zero,\u0026nbsp;and suggest\u0026nbsp;concrete steps that governments, companies, and individuals can take\u0026nbsp;to make it happen.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThrough the Bill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, Bill Gates helps everyone\u0026nbsp;lead a healthy and prosperous life.\u0026nbsp;This\u0026nbsp;includes\u0026nbsp;funds for grants to international development programs\u0026nbsp;such as the\u0026nbsp;CGIAR, an international network engaged in research\u0026nbsp;in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries.\u0026nbsp;One of his blogs is aptly titled\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesnotes.com/Development/How-CGIAR-is-feeding-our-future\u0022\u003EYou’ve probably never heard of CGIAR, but they are essential to feeding our future\u003C/a\u003E, recognizing the importance of an international research network.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a CGIAR partner, JIRCAS is actively promoting research that leads to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through joint research with the CGIAR Research Centers and dispatch of researchers. We will hold a symposium on November 10th (Tuesday) on the importance\u0026nbsp;of international cooperation in addressing global issues. Please join us.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020\u003C/strong\u003E: The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGates Notes (The Blog of Bill Gates)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesnotes.com/How-to-Avoid-a-Climate-Disaster\u0022\u003EA few details about my new climate book\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;October 19, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELink for pre-order on Penguin Random House.\u0026nbsp;https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/633968/how-to-avoid-a-climate-disaster-by-bill-gates/?ref=PRH75FC44A9D1\u0026amp;aid=19433\u0026amp;linkid=PRH75FC44A9D1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Noriyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn October 19th, Bill Gates updated his blog with more details on his current book,\u0026nbsp;“How to Avoid a Climate Disaster: The Solutions We Have and the Breakthroughs We Need”,\u0026nbsp;and announced that\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;book will be published by Knopf Publishing House on February 16, 2021.\u0026nbsp;For more than a decade, Bill Gates has been studying climate\u0026nbsp;change\u0026nbsp;with experts in various disciplines and investing in the innovations\u0026nbsp;to address it. The book\u0026nbsp;aims to explain the science of climate change, propose a plan\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;build the tools that will\u0026nbsp;reduce greenhouse gas emissions to zero,\u0026nbsp;and suggest\u0026nbsp;concrete steps that governments, companies, and individuals can take\u0026nbsp;to make it happen.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThrough the Bill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, Bill Gates helps everyone\u0026nbsp;lead a healthy and prosperous life.\u0026nbsp;This\u0026nbsp;includes\u0026nbsp;funds for grants to international development programs\u0026nbsp;such as the\u0026nbsp;CGIAR, an international network engaged in research\u0026nbsp;in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries.\u0026nbsp;One of his blogs is aptly titled\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesnotes.com/Development/How-CGIAR-is-feeding-our-future\u0022\u003EYou’ve probably never heard of CGIAR, but they are essential to feeding our future\u003C/a\u003E, recognizing the importance of an international research network.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a CGIAR partner, JIRCAS is actively promoting research that leads to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through joint research with the CGIAR Research Centers and dispatch of researchers. We will hold a symposium on November 10th (Tuesday) on the importance\u0026nbsp;of international cooperation in addressing global issues. Please join us.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020\u003C/strong\u003E: The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGates Notes (The Blog of Bill Gates)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesnotes.com/How-to-Avoid-a-Climate-Disaster\u0022\u003EA few details about my new climate book\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;October 19, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELink for pre-order on Penguin Random House.\u0026nbsp;https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/633968/how-to-avoid-a-climate-disaster-by-bill-gates/?ref=PRH75FC44A9D1\u0026amp;aid=19433\u0026amp;linkid=PRH75FC44A9D1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Noriyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201023#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-23", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "159. ビル・ゲイツ氏、気候変動対応に関する書籍『気候災害を避ける方法』を執筆中。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "159. Update on Bill Gates’ New Climate Book ", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "10月19日、ビル・ゲイツ氏はブログを更新し、現在執筆中の気候変動への対応についてまとめた書籍『How to Avoid a Climate Disaster（気候災害を避ける方法）』の詳細について紹介しました。この本は2021年2月に出版される予定です。本書では、これまでの経験から学んだことを紹介し、なぜ温室効果ガスの排出量をゼロにするために努力しなければならないのかを説明するだけでなく、この目標を達成するための計画の中で、政府、企業、個人ができる具体的なステップを提案するとしています。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "On October 19th, Bill Gates updated his blog with details on his current book, “How to Avoid a Climate Disaster: The Solutions We Have and the Breakthroughs We Need”, and announced that the book will be published on February 16, 2021. The book aims to explain the science of climate change, propose a plan to build the tools that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions to zero, and suggest concrete steps that governments, companies, and individuals can take to make it happen.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E10月19日、ビル・ゲイツ氏はブログを更新し、現在執筆中の気候変動への対応についてまとめた書籍『How to Avoid a Climate Disaster（気候災害を避ける方法）』の詳細について紹介しました。この本は2021年2月16日にアルフレッド.A.クノップ社から出版される予定です。ゲイツ氏は10年以上にわたって、様々な分野の専門家とともに気候変動について研究し、気候変動に対応するために必要なイノベーションに投資しています。本書では、これまでの経験から学んだことを紹介し、なぜ温室効果ガスの排出量をゼロにするために努力しなければならないのかを説明するだけでなく、この目標を達成するための計画の中で、政府、企業、個人ができる具体的なステップを提案するとしています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eゲイツ氏は、ビル\u0026amp;メリンダ・ゲイツ財団を通じて、全ての人々が健康で豊かな生活を送るための支援を実施しています。その中には、国際開発プログラムが含まれ、農林水産分野の国際研究ネットワークであるCGIARにも支援しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eゲイツ氏のブログの中で、\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E“You’ve probably never heard of CGIAR, but they are essential to feeding our future. “\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（おそらくCGIARという言葉を聞いたことがないかもしれないが、私たちの未来を支えるためには欠かせない存在だ）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eと述べており、国際的な研究ネットワークの重要性を認識しています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.gatesnotes.com/Development/How-CGIAR-is-feeding-our-future\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E私たち国際農研は、CGIARのパートナーとして、CGIAR研究センターとの共同研究や研究者の派遣等を行い、温室効果ガス排出削減につながる研究を積極的に推進しています。国際農研は、11月10日（火）に国際連携の重要性をテーマにしたシンポジウムを開催します。是非ご参加ください。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS創立50周年記念国際シンポジウム2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「ポスト・コロナ時代のグローバル・フードシステムをとりまく地球規模課題の展開と農林水産業研究における国際連携の役割」\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（参考）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGates Notes（ビル・ゲイツ氏のブログ） https://www.gatesnotes.com/How-to-Avoid-a-Climate-Disaster\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E執筆中の本の情報（Penguin Random House） https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/633968/how-to-avoid-a-climate-disaster-by-bill-gates/?ref=PRH75FC44A9D1\u0026amp;aid=19433\u0026amp;linkid=PRH75FC44A9D1\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　金森紀仁）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EOn October 19th, Bill Gates updated his blog with more details on his current book,\u0026nbsp;“How to Avoid a Climate Disaster: The Solutions We Have and the Breakthroughs We Need”,\u0026nbsp;and announced that\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;book will be published by Knopf Publishing House on February 16, 2021.\u0026nbsp;For more than a decade, Bill Gates has been studying climate\u0026nbsp;change\u0026nbsp;with experts in various disciplines and investing in the innovations\u0026nbsp;to address it. The book\u0026nbsp;aims to explain the science of climate change, propose a plan\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;build the tools that will\u0026nbsp;reduce greenhouse gas emissions to zero,\u0026nbsp;and suggest\u0026nbsp;concrete steps that governments, companies, and individuals can take\u0026nbsp;to make it happen.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThrough the Bill \u0026amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, Bill Gates helps everyone\u0026nbsp;lead a healthy and prosperous life.\u0026nbsp;This\u0026nbsp;includes\u0026nbsp;funds for grants to international development programs\u0026nbsp;such as the\u0026nbsp;CGIAR, an international network engaged in research\u0026nbsp;in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries.\u0026nbsp;One of his blogs is aptly titled\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesnotes.com/Development/How-CGIAR-is-feeding-our-future\u0022\u003EYou’ve probably never heard of CGIAR, but they are essential to feeding our future\u003C/a\u003E, recognizing the importance of an international research network.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a CGIAR partner, JIRCAS is actively promoting research that leads to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through joint research with the CGIAR Research Centers and dispatch of researchers. We will hold a symposium on November 10th (Tuesday) on the importance\u0026nbsp;of international cooperation in addressing global issues. Please join us.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020\u003C/strong\u003E: The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EReferences\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EGates Notes (The Blog of Bill Gates)\u0026nbsp;\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.gatesnotes.com/How-to-Avoid-a-Climate-Disaster\u0022\u003EA few details about my new climate book\u003C/a\u003E\u0026nbsp;October 19, 2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003ELink for pre-order on Penguin Random House.\u0026nbsp;https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/633968/how-to-avoid-a-climate-disaster-by-bill-gates/?ref=PRH75FC44A9D1\u0026amp;aid=19433\u0026amp;linkid=PRH75FC44A9D1\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: KANAMORI Noriyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201023_ico.png" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201026#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "160. Returns from International Agricultural Research", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "160. Returns from International Agricultural Research", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The CGIAR, an international research network in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, is working closely with the national agricultural research systems in low- and middle-income countries, and plays a critical role in developing agricultural technologies that would help avoid a global food crisis. According to an estimate by researchers from American universities, CGIAR research investments over the last 50 years have yielded about 10-fold returns, including contributions to improving the yield of staple food crops.", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The CGIAR, an international research network in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, is working closely with the national agricultural research systems in low- and middle-income countries, and plays a critical role in developing agricultural technologies that would help avoid a global food crisis. According to an estimate by researchers from American universities, CGIAR research investments over the last 50 years have yielded about 10-fold returns, including contributions to improving the yield of staple food crops.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;CGIAR, an international research network in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, is\u0026nbsp;working closely with the\u0026nbsp;national\u0026nbsp;agricultural\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;systems\u0026nbsp;in low- and middle-income countries, and plays a critical role in\u0026nbsp;developing\u0026nbsp;agricultural technologies\u0026nbsp;that would help\u0026nbsp;avoid\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;global food crisis.\u0026nbsp;According to\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;estimates by\u0026nbsp;researchers from\u0026nbsp;the University of Minnesota, and North Dakota State University,\u0026nbsp;CGIAR research investments\u0026nbsp;over the last 50 years have yielded about 10-fold returns\u0026nbsp;(10:1\u0026nbsp;benefit-cost ratio), including contributions to improving the yield of staple food crops.\u0026nbsp;However, new challenges are emerging. The National Agricultural Research System of low-income countries, especially in Africa, needs capacity building to meet the global environmental agenda facing agriculture while meeting food security.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJulian M. Alston, Philip G. Pardey, and Xudong Rao. (2020) The Payoff to Investing in CGIAR Research. The Supporters of Agricultural Research (SoAR) Foundation. https://supportagresearch.org/assets/pdf/Payoff_to_Investing_in_CGIAR_Research_final_October_2020.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a CGIAR partner,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;conducts\u0026nbsp;joint research with the CGIAR Research Centers\u0026nbsp;and dispatches researchers to contribute to stable food production in poor environments in low-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions.\u0026nbsp;We\u0026nbsp;will hold a symposium on November 10th (Tue) focusing on the importance of international cooperation. Please join us.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020\u003C/strong\u003E: The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;CGIAR, an international research network in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, is\u0026nbsp;working closely with the\u0026nbsp;national\u0026nbsp;agricultural\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;systems\u0026nbsp;in low- and middle-income countries, and plays a critical role in\u0026nbsp;developing\u0026nbsp;agricultural technologies\u0026nbsp;that would help\u0026nbsp;avoid\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;global food crisis.\u0026nbsp;According to\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;estimates by\u0026nbsp;researchers from\u0026nbsp;the University of Minnesota, and North Dakota State University,\u0026nbsp;CGIAR research investments\u0026nbsp;over the last 50 years have yielded about 10-fold returns\u0026nbsp;(10:1\u0026nbsp;benefit-cost ratio), including contributions to improving the yield of staple food crops.\u0026nbsp;However, new challenges are emerging. The National Agricultural Research System of low-income countries, especially in Africa, needs capacity building to meet the global environmental agenda facing agriculture while meeting food security.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJulian M. Alston, Philip G. Pardey, and Xudong Rao. (2020) The Payoff to Investing in CGIAR Research. The Supporters of Agricultural Research (SoAR) Foundation. https://supportagresearch.org/assets/pdf/Payoff_to_Investing_in_CGIAR_Research_final_October_2020.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a CGIAR partner,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;conducts\u0026nbsp;joint research with the CGIAR Research Centers\u0026nbsp;and dispatches researchers to contribute to stable food production in poor environments in low-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions.\u0026nbsp;We\u0026nbsp;will hold a symposium on November 10th (Tue) focusing on the importance of international cooperation. Please join us.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020\u003C/strong\u003E: The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201026#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-26", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "160. 国際農業研究のリターン", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "160. Returns from International Agricultural Research", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal14", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標14 海の豊かさを守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 14: Life Below Water", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal15", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標15 陸の豊かさも守ろう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 15: Life on Land", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "農林水産分野の国際研究ネットワークであるCGIARは、低・中所得国における国立農業研究システムと緊密に連携し、世界的な食料危機を回避するための農業技術を開発する上で決定的に重要な役割を担ってきました。アメリカの大学研究者らの推計によると、過去50年間、CGIAR研究投資は、主食作物の収量向上への貢献等を通じて、約10倍のリターンをもたらしました。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The CGIAR, an international research network in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, is working closely with the national agricultural research systems in low- and middle-income countries, and plays a critical role in developing agricultural technologies that would help avoid a global food crisis. According to an estimate by researchers from American universities, CGIAR research investments over the last 50 years have yielded about 10-fold returns, including contributions to improving the yield of staple food crops.", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E農林水産分野の国際研究ネットワークであるCGIARは、低・中所得国における国立農業研究システムと緊密に連携し、世界的な食料危機を回避するための農業技術を開発する上で決定的に重要な役割を担ってきました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eしかし、新たな課題も出現しています。とりわけアフリカにおける低所得国の国立農業研究システムは、食料安全保障を満たしつつ、農業が直面する地球環境アジェンダに対応する上で、キャパシティビルディングを必要としています。CGIARはそうした支援において中心的な役割を果たすことが期待されています。これを踏まえ、カリフォルニア大学・ミネソタ大学・ノースダコタ州立大学の研究者が中心となり、CGIARの過去の研究投資の評価を行い、将来の投資決定の材料となる情報を提供することにしました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E過去50年間、CGIARは現在価値でおよそ600憶ドル相当の研究投資を行ってきました。主に主食作物の収量向上への貢献につながったこの投資は、約10倍のリターン（便益費用比率 10:1）をもたらしました。とりわけ貧困層の人々に十分な食料を安価に提供することで飢餓と貧困の削減に貢献すると同時に、農業による環境フットプリントを抑制しました（生産増加を単収向上で達成することで、農地拡大を最小限におさめました）。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E本報告書は、近年、小規模農民を対象とした国際農業研究への支援が先細る傾向に懸念を表明しつつ、農業研究は研究から社会的インパクトへの時間を要するものであるが、CGIAR研究の高いリターンのエビデンスにあるように、長期的な視点から支援を続ける必要性を訴えています。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E私たち国際農研は、CGIARのパートナーとして、CGIAR研究センターとの共同研究や研究者の派遣等を行い、低所得国や熱帯・亜熱帯地域の不良環境における安定的な食料生産への貢献を目的とした研究をすすめてきました。国際農研は、11月10日（火）に国際連携の重要性をテーマにしたシンポジウムを開催します。是非ご参加ください。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS創立50周年記念国際シンポジウム2020\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E「ポスト・コロナ時代のグローバル・フードシステムをとりまく地球規模課題の展開と農林水産業研究における国際連携の役割」\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E参考文献\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJulian M. Alston, Philip G. Pardey, and Xudong Rao. (2020) The Payoff to Investing in CGIAR Research. The Supporters of Agricultural Research (SoAR) Foundation. https://supportagresearch.org/assets/pdf/Payoff_to_Investing_in_CGIAR_Research_final_October_2020.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E（文責：研究戦略室　飯山みゆき）\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe\u0026nbsp;CGIAR, an international research network in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, is\u0026nbsp;working closely with the\u0026nbsp;national\u0026nbsp;agricultural\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;systems\u0026nbsp;in low- and middle-income countries, and plays a critical role in\u0026nbsp;developing\u0026nbsp;agricultural technologies\u0026nbsp;that would help\u0026nbsp;avoid\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;global food crisis.\u0026nbsp;According to\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;estimates by\u0026nbsp;researchers from\u0026nbsp;the University of Minnesota, and North Dakota State University,\u0026nbsp;CGIAR research investments\u0026nbsp;over the last 50 years have yielded about 10-fold returns\u0026nbsp;(10:1\u0026nbsp;benefit-cost ratio), including contributions to improving the yield of staple food crops.\u0026nbsp;However, new challenges are emerging. The National Agricultural Research System of low-income countries, especially in Africa, needs capacity building to meet the global environmental agenda facing agriculture while meeting food security.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full report is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJulian M. Alston, Philip G. Pardey, and Xudong Rao. (2020) The Payoff to Investing in CGIAR Research. The Supporters of Agricultural Research (SoAR) Foundation. https://supportagresearch.org/assets/pdf/Payoff_to_Investing_in_CGIAR_Research_final_October_2020.pdf\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAs a CGIAR partner,\u0026nbsp;JIRCAS\u0026nbsp;conducts\u0026nbsp;joint research with the CGIAR Research Centers\u0026nbsp;and dispatches researchers to contribute to stable food production in poor environments in low-income countries in the tropical and subtropical regions.\u0026nbsp;We\u0026nbsp;will hold a symposium on November 10th (Tue) focusing on the importance of international cooperation. Please join us.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EJIRCAS 50th Year Anniversary International Symposium 2020\u003C/strong\u003E: The role of international collaboration in agricultural research to address challenges in the post-COVID-19 global food system\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Ehttps://www.jircas.go.jp/en/symposium/2020/e20201110\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "schema:thumbnailUrl": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/sites/default/files/202010/20201026_ico.JPG" }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/en/program/program_d/blog/20201028#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-27", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "161. Actions to Reconfigure Food Systems", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "161. Actions to Reconfigure Food Systems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Research (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published \u0022Perspective aricle: Actions to reconfigure food systems\u0022 in the journal Global Food Security. According to the article, reconfiguration of the food systems must include rerouting trajectories and appropriate intervention targeting must take into account the diversity of farmers and agricultural systems. ", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Research (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published \u0022Perspective aricle: Actions to reconfigure food systems\u0022 in the journal Global Food Security. According to the article, reconfiguration of the food systems must include rerouting trajectories and appropriate intervention targeting must take into account the diversity of farmers and agricultural systems. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Research (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published \u0022Perspective aricle: Actions to reconfigure food systems\u0022 in the journal Global Food Security. According to the article, reconfiguration of the food systems must include rerouting trajectories and appropriate intervention targeting must take into account the diversity of farmers and agricultural systems.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is also\u0026nbsp;promoting the development of agricultural technologies for\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;climate change mitigation and adaptation measures for small-scale farmers in developing countries. These activities involve\u0026nbsp;not only agricultural researchers but also social science researchers\u0026nbsp;taking into consideration the ideal way of technical intervention that is easily acceptable to\u0026nbsp;farmers.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAna Maria Loboguerrero et al. Perspective article: Actions to reconfigure food systems. Global Food Security 26 (2020) 100432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100432\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003EThe CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Research (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published \u0022Perspective aricle: Actions to reconfigure food systems\u0022 in the journal Global Food Security. According to the article, reconfiguration of the food systems must include rerouting trajectories and appropriate intervention targeting must take into account the diversity of farmers and agricultural systems.\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EJIRCAS is also\u0026nbsp;promoting the development of agricultural technologies for\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;climate change mitigation and adaptation measures for small-scale farmers in developing countries. These activities involve\u0026nbsp;not only agricultural researchers but also social science researchers\u0026nbsp;taking into consideration the ideal way of technical intervention that is easily acceptable to\u0026nbsp;farmers.\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EThe full article is available at:\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EAna Maria Loboguerrero et al. Perspective article: Actions to reconfigure food systems. Global Food Security 26 (2020) 100432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100432\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003EContributor: IIYAMA Miyuki (Research Strategy Office)\u003C/p\u003E\r\n", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:contributor": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d", "@type": "foaf:Organization", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "情報収集分析", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Information Analysis", "@language": "en" } ] } ] }, { "type": "overseas", "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/20201027#entity", "@type": "schema:NewsArticle", "dcterms:dateSubmitted": "2020-10-27", "dc:date": "2020", "dc:title": [ { "@value": "161. フードシステム再構築のためのアクション", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "161. Actions to Reconfigure Food Systems", "@language": "en" } ], "dc:subject": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/program/program_d/blog/pickup", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Pick Up", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:subjects": [ { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal1", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標1 貧困をなくそう", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 1: No Poverty", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal2", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標2 飢餓をゼロに", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 2: Zero Hunger", "@language": "en" } ] }, { "@id": "https://www.jircas.go.jp/ja/about/sdgs/goal13", "schema:name": [ { "@value": "目標13 気候変動に具体的な対策を", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "Goal 13: Climate Action", "@language": "en" } ] } ], "dcterms:abstract": [ { "@value": "国際農業研究機関ネットワークであるCGIARの気候変動・農業・食料安全保障研究プログラム(CCAFS)は、Global Food Security誌にて、「見解論文：フードシステム再構築のためのアクション」を公表しました。フードシステム再構築のための介入を行う際、農家・農業システムの多様性に配慮しつつ、適切な介入ターゲティングを行うことが農業開発過程の効率性を向上し、特定の脆弱な社会層を無意識のうちに排除してしまう事態を回避することができます。", "@language": "ja" }, { "@value": "The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Research (CCAFS), an international network of agricultural research institutes, has published \u0022Perspective aricle: Actions to reconfigure food systems\u0022 in the journal Global Food Security. According to the article, reconfiguration of the food systems must include rerouting trajectories and appropriate intervention targeting must take into account the diversity of farmers and agricultural systems. ", "@language": "en" } ], "dcterms:description": [ { "@value": "\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E国際農業研究機関ネットワークであるCGIARの気候変動・農業・食料安全保障研究プログラム(CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security: CCAFS)は、Global Food Security誌にて、「見解論文：フードシステム再構築のためのアクション」を公表しました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E人為的な気候変動の脅威にさらされる中、現在のフードシステムは、2030年までに持続可能な開発目標を達成するための持続的な軌道から逸れているという見解が広く共有されています。CCAFSチームは、より持続的、包括的、健康で気候変動に強靭なフードシステムへの転換のために、古いシステムを新たな軌道に乗せること、リスクを削減すること、フードシステムの環境フットプリントを最小化すること、新たなフードシステムが機能するための政策を整備すること、が必要であるとしました。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003Eフードシステムを再構築する上での最大の挑戦の一つに、農家・農業システムの多様性があげられます。農家を類型化して一般論を当てはめることは非常に困難であり、全ての状況において望ましいインパクトをもたらす万能薬は未だに確認されていません。経済・社会・文化・環境的利益について、現在の世代だけでなく将来の農家の希望も織り込みつつ、介入設計に配慮する必要があります。適切なターゲティングを行うことが農業開発過程の効率性を向上し、特定の脆弱な社会層を無意識のうちに排除してしまう事態を回避することができます。\u003C/p\u003E\r\n\r\n\u003Cp\u003E多くの農家タイプが存在しますが、CCAFSチームは、将来のフードシステムを環境的・社会文化的・経済的に持続的なものへと転換