Exploration and collection of mango native genetic resources have been conducted in southern and central parts of Laos. A total of 24 accessions of mango local varieties were collected, and successfully propagated and conserved by grafting at Horticultural Research Center as the first collection of mango genetic resources in Laos. Collected genetic resources were employed for DNA analysis of SSR markers to estimate genetic relationship and diversity among accessions. From the results, it was interesting that some accessions were identified as same genotype even from different regions and different local variety names. Compared with world standard varieties, Laos mango genetic resources have potentially unique genotypes to be conserved and utilized.