‘MAKURA No. 1’ (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) is the first tea breeding cultivar that was selected for high tannin and caffeine contents from the genetic resources in the Makurazaki Station of the National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science (NIVTS). Average tannin and caffeine contents of the 1st and 2nd crops of this cultivar were 24.6 and 5.5%, respectively. ‘MAKURA No. 1’ also has a strong floral flavor, and this trait was handed down to the progenies at a certain frequency. The results show that ‘MAKURA No.1’ can be used as a parental line for breeding cultivars with high tannin and caffeine contents and a floral tea flavor. ‘MAKURA No. 1’ was named ‘Cha Chuukanbohon Nou 3’ and registered as a parental line by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) in August 1998. It was registered based on the Seed and Seedlings Law in June 2002.